| fatal varicella-zoster infection in a newborn treated with varicella-zoster immunoglobulin. | | 1986 | 3020522 |
| genomic analysis of the human b-lymphotropic virus (hblv). | the human b-lymphotropic virus (hblv) has a double-stranded dna genome of greater than 110 kilobase pairs, which is consistent with its morphological classification as a herpesvirus. a 9000-base pair cloned probe of hblv detected specific sequences in dna and rna of infected cells but did not hybridize to the genomic dna of other human herpesviruses including the epstein-barr virus, human cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex type i, and varicella-zoster virus. conversely, while probes obtained from e ... | 1986 | 3020691 |
| subarachnoid hemorrhage and granulomatous angiitis of the basilar artery: demonstration of the varicella-zoster-virus in the basilar artery lesions. | a 70-year-old man, with regional herpes zoster (c2) of 10 weeks duration, died following subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by the rupture of an aneurysm in the basilar artery. granulomatous angiitis, with multinucleated giant cells, was found at autopsy in the wall of the aneurysm. electron microscopy of the basilar artery disclosed intracytoplasmic viral particles with an envelope which measured 150-220 nm in diameter. immunohistochemistry studies revealed varicella-zoster-virus-related antigen in ... | 1986 | 3020742 |
| varicella-zoster dilemma: common sense in medical education. | | 1986 | 3021007 |
| antibody response against early antigens in herpesviridae infections. | for the serological diagnosis of herpesvirus infection, increasing use is made of the determination of the antibodies against virus-specific early antigens. the presence of serum antibody to early antigens is a widely accepted marker of acute epstein-barr virus infection or varicella-zoster virus infection. controversial data are present in the literature about the significance of cytomegalovirus early antigens antibody response. this is discussed in view of the possibility that controversial re ... | 1985 | 3021515 |
| generation of phenotypically different t cell populations by cell-free or cell-bound preparations of varicella zoster virus. | we used three different preparations of varicella zoster virus (vzv) to sensitise mononuclear cells obtained from vzv immune donors. these were autologous infected fibroblasts, live cell free virus and heat inactivated cell free virus. after 14 days of in vitro sensitisation and expansion with interleukin-2, the mononuclear cells which had been exposed to autologous infected fibroblasts had generated mainly cells of the cytotoxic/suppressor phenotype (cd8) while those stimulated with cell free v ... | 1986 | 3021616 |
| purification of individual varicella-zoster virus (vzv) glycoproteins gpi, gpii, and gpiii and their use in elisa for detection of vzv glycoprotein-specific antibodies. | we have utilized monoclonal antibodies in immune affinity chromatography to purify each of the 3 major glycoproteins of varicella-zoster virus (vzv), gpi, gpii, and gpiii, in immunologically active form. upon injection into guinea pigs, each preparation elicited the production of specific antibodies capable of immunoprecipitating the homologous glycoprotein and of neutralizing vzv infectivity in vitro. also, total glycoproteins from vzv-infected cells have been purified by lectin affinity chroma ... | 1986 | 3021804 |
| prevalence of antibodies to enteroviruses and varicella-zoster virus among residents and overseas volunteers at agricultural settlements in israel. | within the framework of a comprehensive study of the correlation between enteric diseases and wastewater utilization in agricultural settlements (kibbutzim) the prevalence of several viral antibodies was examined among kibbutz residents and overseas volunteers. the latter were assumed to be a group highly susceptible to local pathogens. for the purpose of this study the presence of antibodies against eight enteroviruses [coxsackieviruses (cox) types a9, b1, b3, and b4, echoviruses (echo) types 4 ... | 1986 | 3021900 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies reactive to several biochemically distinct human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein complexes. | three monoclonal antibodies were characterized by examining their reactivity to human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) glycoproteins under reducing and nonreducing conditions and their reactivity to glycoproteins and disulfide-linked glycoprotein complexes isolated by ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. one monoclonal antibody, 9e10, reacted with glycoprotein complexes which had molecular weights of 93,000 and 450,000 and eluted from the ion-exchange column at 0.3 and 0.9 m nacl, respecti ... | 1986 | 3021969 |
| reye's syndrome. salicylate metabolism, viral antibody levels, and other factors in surviving patients and unaffected family members. | to investigate possible etiologic factors for reye's syndrome (rs), five survivors and their unaffected family members were studied. this study showed low salicylate levels among the patients with rs compared with siblings and parents when challenged with three doses of aspirin. thus, the patients with rs, three to ten years after having had rs, exhibited normal or increased ability to metabolize aspirin. we found significantly higher antibody levels to influenza a and varicella among the patien ... | 1986 | 3019125 |
| dna sequence of the major capsid protein gene of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the dna sequence of the region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome encoding the major capsid protein was determined. the predicted protein contains 1374 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of 149,075. comparisons of the amino acid sequence of this protein with those predicted from the published dna sequences of two other herpesviruses, varicella-zoster virus and epstein-barr virus, resulted in the identification of the major capsid protein gene in each genome. | 1986 | 3020164 |
| susceptibility of varicella-zoster virus to thymidine analogues. | ten strains of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were tested for susceptibility to 17 nucleoside analogues by a plaque reduction assay using human embryonic lung fibroblast cells. the compounds employed were 5-substituted arabinosyluracils and 2'-deoxyuridines, 2'-fluoro-arabinosylpyrimidines (f-arapyr) and acyclovir. in terms of the 50% plaque reduction dose (pd50), 4- to 40-fold difference were found between the 10 strains of vzv in susceptibilities to each compound. vzv was highly susceptible to 5 ... | 1986 | 3022708 |
| susceptibilities of phosphonoacetic acid and acyclovir resistant varicella-zoster virus mutants to 9-beta-arabinofuranosyladenine and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine. | the dna polymerase activity, and susceptibilities to 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine(ara-a) and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine(ara-c) of a phosphonoacetic acid resistant mutant (paa-r) of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) selected in the presence of paa were examined. the dna polymerase activity of paa-r was inhibited less than that of the parent strain by paa in vitro. paa-r was resistant to acyclovir and also to both ara-a and ara-c. the susceptibilities to ara-a and ara-c of four acyclovir resis ... | 1986 | 3022709 |
| thymidine kinase with altered substrate specificity of acyclovir resistant varicella-zoster virus. | the acyclovir resistant mutant of varicella-zoster virus acv-r (a 8) induced the same level of thymidine kinase activity in infected cells as the parent kawaguchi strain. however, it induced less deoxycytidine kinase activity and did not induce phosphorylating activity for the nucleotide analogue, 9-(2 hydroxy-ethoxymethyl)-guanine-(acyclovir). another acyclovir resistant mutant, acv-r (a 4), which is cross-resistant to phosphonoacetate and is thought to be a viral dna polymerase mutant, induced ... | 1986 | 3022711 |
| active immunization of children exposed to varicella infection in a hospital ward using live attenuated varicella vaccine given subcutaneously or intracutaneously. | active immunization using takahashi oka live attenuated varicella vaccine was carried out fire 5 times to prevent the spread of "imported" varicella in a hospital ward. susceptibility was previously tested by serological examinations: 14 children were vaccinated subcutaneously, the other 19 received the vaccine intracutaneously. vaccination within a few days following exposure provided complete immunity in the great majority of cases. intracutaneous administration was nearly as protective as the ... | 1986 | 3022772 |
| viral conjunctivitis with special reference to adenovirus type 37 and enterovirus 70 infection. | the clinical and etiological findings in 727 patients with viral conjunctivitis treated from january 1982 through december 1984 at aoki eye clinic in sapporo, japan, were presented. the age of the patients ranged from 11 days to 88 years, and the monthly incidences of the disease from 18 to 131 cases, with a clustering in the summer season. the etiological diagnosis was established in 399 (54.9%) of the 727 patients: adenovirus (ad) 3 in 45 cases; ad4 in 98 cases; ad8 in 57 cases; ad19 in 23 cas ... | 1986 | 3020290 |
| herpes zoster and zosteriform herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompetent adults. | among 111 immunocompetent patients referred to a general hospital setting with the clinical diagnosis of herpes zoster, viral cultures were obtained from 47 patients. six of these patients (13 percent) had herpes simplex virus isolated, with four of the six infections involving the facial distribution, and the other two involving the t4 (breast) distribution. excluding those in whom herpes simplex virus was isolated, the mean age (+/- sd) of the remaining 105 patients was 50 +/- 19 years. thirty ... | 1986 | 3022586 |
| efficacy of 2'-nor-cyclicgmp in treatment of experimental herpes virus infections. | 9-[(2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl]guanine p-oxide (2'-nor-cgmp), the cyclic phosphate of 2'-nor-deoxyguanosine (2'-ndg) was synthesized by phosphorylation of 2'-ndg and evaluated for antiherpetic activity in cell cultures and in animal protection studies. 2'-nor-cgmp was effective in cell culture against both thymidine kinase deficient and wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1 strains and also against herpes simplex virus type 2. the anti-herpes activity of 2'-nor-cgmp against ... | 1986 | 3022643 |
| effect of transfusions on serologic testing for antibody to varicella. | serologic testing of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia for susceptibility to varicella was confounded by prior administration of blood products. packed red cell transfusions produced fewer problems than plasma-rich transfusions. seronegative individuals may be transiently seropositive for several weeks. specimens submitted for serologic testing should be accompanied by information on recent receipt of blood products. | 1986 | 3023802 |
| reactivation of herpesvirus in neurosurgical patients. | the authors are presenting seven patients who had operations between july 1984 and july 1985 and who developed herpes infections postoperatively. four of the patients developed their infections in a dermatomal distribution that correlated with the nerve roots manipulated at operation. a spectrum of localized herpes reactivation is demonstrated in this series. the use of corticosteroids and other associated variables are discussed. like reactivation of herpes simplex after trigeminal nerve operat ... | 1986 | 3024061 |
| varicella zoster virus glycoprotein gpi is selectively phosphorylated by a virus-induced protein kinase. | varicella zoster virus glycoprotein i (vzv gpi; mr 98,000) was phosphorylated in virus-infected human cell monolayers, while two other major vzv glycoproteins (gpii and gpiii) were not similarly modified. phosphorylation of vzv gpi was not blocked by inhibitors of glycosylation, nor were the phosphoryl groups enzymatically removed by endoglycosidases. phosphoamino acid analysis revealed the presence of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues on the polypeptide backbone. the selective nature ... | 1986 | 3024158 |
| reduced cellular immunity to varicella zoster virus during treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood: in vitro studies of possible mechanisms. | to determine the effect of antileukemic therapy on preexisting immunity to varicella zoster virus, we studied 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia maintained in complete continuous remission for greater than 1 year. cellular immunity was tested by lymphocyte proliferation in response to varicella antigen. antiviral antibody was measured using the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen technique. reduced lymphocyte proliferation was found in 9 of 16 seropositive patients when compared ... | 1986 | 3023433 |
| sequence of the genome ends and of the junction between the ends in concatemeric dna of pseudorabies virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the termini of the mature pseudorabies virus genome and of the junction between these termini in concatemeric dna were compared. to ensure conservation of unmodified 5' and 3' termini, the end fragments obtained directly (uncloned) from mature viral dna were sequenced. the sequence obtained from 5' and 3' end labeling revealed that whereas the l terminus was blunt ended, the s terminus had a 2-base (gg) 3' overhang. the sequences spanning the junction between the term ... | 1986 | 3023670 |
| varicella-zoster virus complements herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutants. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) can complement temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus. of seven mutants tested, two, carrying mutations in the immediate-early icp4 and icp27 proteins, were complemented. this complementation was not seen in coinfections with adenovirus type 5 or cytomegalovirus. following transfection into cv-1 cells, a dna fragment containing the vzv short repeat sequence complemented the icp4 mutant. these data demonstrate a functional relationship between vzv and h ... | 1987 | 3023701 |
| identification of the human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein b gene and induction of neutralizing antibodies via its expression in recombinant vaccinia virus. | a human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) glycoprotein gene with homology to glycoprotein b (gb) of herpes simplex virus and epstein-barr virus and gpii of varicella zoster virus has been identified by nucleotide sequencing. the gene has been expressed in recombinant vaccinia virus and the gene product recognized by monoclonal antibodies and human immune sera. rabbits immunized with the recombinant vaccinia virus produced antibodies that immunoprecipitate gb from hcmv-infected cells and neutralize hcmv inf ... | 1986 | 3024973 |
| incidence of chickenpox in adults and recruitment of plasma donors for manufacture of zoster immunoglobulin. | | 1986 | 3024773 |
| failure of varicella-zoster immunoglobulin in modification of severe congenital varicella. | | 1986 | 3025821 |
| live attenuated varicella vaccine. | | 1987 | 3025393 |
| importance of anticomplement immunofluorescence antibody titration for diagnosing varicella-zoster virus infection in bell's palsy. | anticomplement immunofluorescence was used for antibody titration against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in 43 patients with peripheral facial palsy. nine of 31 patients (29%) with bell's palsy and eight of 12 patients (75%) with ramsey-hunt syndrome had anticomplement immunofluorescence antibody titres of greater than or equal to 1/10. on the other hand, none of 14 patients with herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection and 51 healthy adults showed anticomplement immunofluorescence antibody titres of ... | 1986 | 3025268 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus in lymphocytes by dna hybridization. | the availability of cloned varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna probes allows rapid detection of viral-specific dna by "dot-blot" hybridization in lymphocytes or in lesion aspirates. thirty-six blood specimens were obtained from 25 patients with suspected varicella or zoster. vzv-specific dna was demonstrated in 15 lymphocyte preparations of nine patients with varicella and in one with disseminated zoster out of five patients with zoster. vzv-specific dna was detected prior to rise in antibodies, in ... | 1987 | 3025357 |
| response of varicella zoster virus and herpes zoster to silver sulfadiazine. | the addition of silver sulfadiazine to cultures of varicella zoster virus resulted in inactivation of the viral infectivity. at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml or higher the virus was inactivated after thirty minutes exposure at 37 degrees c. forty-two patients with herpes zoster were treated topically with 1 percent silver sulfadiazine cream applied four times a day. all patients experienced complete drying of vesicles, marked reduction erythema and edema, and striking elimination of pain a ... | 1986 | 3026736 |
| [antiviral effect of glycyrrhizin on varicella-zoster virus replication in vitro]. | | 1986 | 3027210 |
| infections due to the human herpesviruses in southern india: a seroepidemiological survey. | we studied the prevalence of igg and igm antibodies to the human herpesviruses in a hospital-based population of 181 individuals aged 0 to 25 years, who were resident in vellore, south india or surrounding rural areas. antibodies to the epstein-barr virus (ebv) viral capsid antigen were determined by indirect immunofluorescence, while antibodies to the remaining herpesviruses were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the age-specific prevalence rates of igg antibodies to ebv and cyto ... | 1986 | 3028971 |
| molecular epidemiology of live, attenuated varicella virus vaccine in children with leukemia and in normal adults. | restriction endonuclease analysis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna has been used in unraveling the complex epidemiology of vzv infections in individuals immunized with a live, attenuated varicella virus vaccine. early rashes appearing within the first six weeks after vaccination are invariably due to vaccine virus. true breakthrough infections with wild-type vzv also occur in vaccinees. five cases of zoster have been seen in leukemic children vaccinated while in remission. one case appeared 2 ... | 1987 | 3029239 |
| activation of cytomegalovirus infection in immunosuppressed cynomolgus monkeys inoculated with varicella-zoster virus. | a systemic activated cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection was fortuitously detected in almost all monkeys which had been immunosuppressed with antithymocyte globulin (atg), cyclophosphamide (cy), and cortisone acetate (cs) before and after experimental inoculation with varicella-zoster virus (vzv). they developed exudative pneumonia, and the lesions in visceral organs and tissues contained cytomegalic cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies, in which viral antigens, specific for cmv, but not inocula ... | 1986 | 3026140 |
| [live attenuated varicella zoster virus (vzv) vaccine]. | | 1986 | 3026936 |
| the immediate early proteins of varicella-zoster virus. | stable, relatively high-titer varicella-zoster virus (vzv) stocks as well as a high-titer anti-vzv serum prepared in inbred guinea pigs have allowed the identification of vzv immediate early proteins using the classic inhibitor approach. vzv infection was initiated in the presence of cycloheximide. following the removal of cycloheximide, actinomycin d and radiolabel were added. after the labeling period, extracts were immunoprecipitated with anti-vzv guinea pig serum and subjected to polyacrylam ... | 1987 | 3027986 |
| analysis of immune function in herpes zoster patients: demonstration and characterization of suppressor cells. | we sought to identify imbalances of immune regulatory cells that might contribute to the depression of cell-mediated immunity that occurs during an episode of herpes zoster. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were obtained from patients with herpes zoster during the acute (less than 7 days after disease onset) and convalescent (more than 10 days after disease onset) phases of illness and from healthy seropositive donors. the pbmc were analyzed for: lymphoproliferative responses to varicel ... | 1987 | 3027175 |
| [herpesvirus infections in children with acute lymphatic leukemia]. | 33 children with acute lymphatic leukemia and 33 healthy controls were longitudinally studied for herpesvirus infections. active herpes simplex-virus, varicella-zoster virus and cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections were more frequent in patients than in controls. cmv and epstein-barr virus infections were often inapparent or associated with infections of the upper respiratory tract. analysis of serological datas revealed a coincidence of active cvm infection and lethal course of the leukemia. this m ... | 1986 | 3027445 |
| varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy: hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of congenital malformations. | an analysis of the data on 52 infants whose mothers had contracted varicella during pregnancy revealed that 27 had congenital malformations ascribed to the maternal varicella infections, while another 25 developed herpes zoster in the early postnatal period. most of the mothers whose infants had congenital malformations had contracted varicella within the first 20 weeks of gestation, whereas most of the mothers whose infants developed herpes zoster had varicella after 21 weeks of gestation. the ... | 1987 | 3027637 |
| identification of an epstein-barr virus glycoprotein which is antigenically homologous to the varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein ii and the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein b. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) antigenic homologue of the varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein ii and the herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein b (gb) was identified through cross-reactivity with anti-glycoprotein ii and anti-glycoprotein b peptide sera. the homologue is the previously characterized ebv glycoprotein, with an apparent molecular weight of 125,000 da, which is synthesized late during productive ebv infection and appears to be encoded by the bamhi a ebv fragment. this glycoprotein, b ... | 1987 | 3029988 |
| oral therapy with acyclovir in infants and children. | | 1987 | 3029659 |
| identification and sequence of the gene encoding gpiii, a major glycoprotein of varicella-zoster virus. | the genome of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) encodes three major glycoproteins, two (gpi and gpii) having been mapped and sequenced, which carry epitopes capable of eliciting neutralizing antibodies. the product of the third major glycoprotein gene (gpiii) was purified, and seven consecutive amino acids at its n-terminus were identified. a degenerate pool of oligonucleotides based upon this sequence was used as a probe to localize the gpiii gene to the hindiii b fragment of the vzv genome. an anal ... | 1987 | 3029986 |
| [effect of mercaptans on serum iga]. | using reducing agents like dithiothreitol (dtt) 2.5 mm igm lose their ability to bind antigens but they can be still detected by an anti-igm antiserum. iga are more resistant to reduction than igm but using higher concentrations of dtt they lose both the ability to bind antigens and the possibility to be detected by an anti-iga antiserum. because of this fact iga after mild reduction can result more or less inactivated according to the method employed to detect them. using elisa or similar metho ... | 1986 | 3030364 |
| the combination measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine in healthy children. | a clinical trial was conducted to compare the combination measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccine (mmrv) and the standard measles, mumps, rubella vaccine and subsequent varicella vaccine (mmr + v) in 15 to 17 month old healthy children. both the mmrv and mmr + v schedules stimulated virtually 100% seroconversion for all component viruses. mean antibody titers were similar for each virus component in the two vaccine groups. clinical reactivity post immunization was also similar with 25-29% mor ... | 1986 | 3030864 |
| antiviral sensitivities of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome virus. | varicella zoster was isolated from the vitreous of a patient with the acute retinal necrosis (arn) syndrome. we utilized a plaque reduction assay to determine the in vitro susceptibility of the arn isolate to 6 antiviral drugs. the effective doses for 50% inhibition of plaque numbers were 5.3 microm for for acyclovir, 4.7 microm for dhpg, 8.7 microm for ara-a, 100.7 microm for phosphonoacetic acid, 0.07 microm for bvdu and 2.4 microm for iudr. similar inhibitory values were obtained for the oka ... | 1987 | 3030644 |
| clinical findings after zosteriform spread of herpes simplex virus to the eye of the mouse. | when herpes simplex virus (hsv) is inoculated onto the snout of the inbred strain nih mouse, clinical disease of the eye ensues only after a delay, due to spread of virus to the eye occurring via neural pathways. this report is concerned with the detailed description of eye disease. physical signs observed include mydriasis, iritis and keratitis. the incidence of combinations of physical signs has been analysed by the computer and presented as pie-charts to show the complexity and evolution of t ... | 1987 | 3030651 |
| evaluation of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-chickenpox vaccine. | there was neither a difference in the (low) percentage of only harmless side-reactions nor in the rate of sero-conversions (between 95-100%), when groups of 15 to 24 months old children were vaccinated either with the single components or with a combined mmr + chickenpox-vaccine of a high potency. | 1986 | 3030863 |
| the potency determination of human varicella-zoster immunoglobulin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complement-fixation test and indirect fluorescent antibody tests. | traditionally, plasma for the production of the human varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (vzig) has been selected on the basis of the complement-fixing antibody (cfa) titre. since immune individuals may lack cfa to varicella-zoster virus (vzv), non-cfa may be of importance in protection. in a search for a simple and reliable method for potency determination, 24 vzig preparations were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the complement-fixation test (cft), the indirect fluorescen ... | 1986 | 3031076 |
| search for viral nucleic acid sequences in the post mortem brains of patients with schizophrenia and individuals who have committed suicide. | molecular hybridisation has been used to screen several areas of post mortem brain from 20 patients with schizophrenia, 23 individuals who were suspected of having committed suicide and 21 control cases, for viral nucleic acids. cloned probes were able to detect picogram levels of viral dna and to quantify herpes simplex type 1 dna from encephalitic brain, but no sequences hybridising to cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus, herpes simplex type i or jc or bk papovaviruses were detected in any ... | 1987 | 3031219 |
| [therapy of herpes simplex and varicella zoster infections in the ent area]. | the article reports on 41 patients having infections induced by herpes simplex and herpes zoster virus. systemic intravenous administration of acyclovir results in a very rapid reduction of pain and mucosal changes in herpetic stomatitis. in cutaneous lesions of the trigeminal nerve branches induced by herpes zoster virus there is also a very rapid reduction of pain and efflurescence after 3 days. in 16 patients suffering from ramsay hunt syndrome, also known as herpes zoster oticus, lesions of ... | 1987 | 3031395 |
| aseptic meningitis due to varicella-zoster virus: serum antibody levels and local synthesis of specific igg, igm, and iga. | we used an indirect enzyme immunoassay to describe the evolution of serum levels and the intrathecal production of igg, iga, and igm antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in eight patients with a syndrome of acute aseptic meningitis (aam) and evidence of intrathecal production of vzv-specific igg antibodies. four of the eight patients showed no cutaneous zoster while hospitalized. our results suggested an etiologic relation between vzv and aam in all cases. furthermore, we observed some dif ... | 1987 | 3031175 |
| [immunization of healthy children with live attenuated varicella vaccine (oka strain)]. | | 1986 | 3031180 |
| medical students and community physicians also susceptible to varicella-zoster virus. | | 1987 | 3030950 |
| intravenous hyperimmunoglobulin to prevent varicella-zoster infection. | | 1987 | 3031577 |
| inhibiting effect of (rs)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine on varicella-zoster virus replication in cell culture. | the activity and mode of action of the new nucleoside analog (rs)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine (2hm-hbg) against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were determined. in cell culture, replication of different strains of vzv was inhibited to 50% by 0.4 to 0.7 microm 2hm-hbg, while 685 microm was required to inhibit 50% of the dna synthesis in uninfected human lung fibroblasts. a thymidine kinase-negative vzv strain was not inhibited by 100 microm 2hm-hbg. inhibition of vzv replication was ... | 1987 | 3032092 |
| hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies against varicella-zoster virus. | hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (mab) against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were generated by fusing human splenic lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. before cell fusion, lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro with viral antigens and pokeweed mitogen. this combination synergistically increased the generation of vzv-specific hybridomas. five established hybridomas have been stably producing mab for at least 9 months. these mab, designated v1, v2, v6, v8 and v9, were of the igg1, l ... | 1987 | 3032647 |
| varicella-zoster virus specifies a thymidylate synthetase. | a homology search of proteins predicted from the recently reported complete dna sequence of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) revealed that the product of gene 13 was highly homologous to eukaryotic and prokaryotic thymidylate synthetases (tss). the vzv protein was shown to be a ts by three functional tests. firstly, a plasmid designed to express the native protein was able to complement a strain of escherichia coli in which the natural ts gene is deleted. secondly, in an enzyme assay for ts, extract ... | 1987 | 3033144 |
| expression of the epstein-barr virus gp350/220 gene in rodent and primate cells. | the gene encoding the epstein-barr virus envelope glycoproteins gp350 and gp220 was inserted downstream of the cytomegalovirus immediate-early, moloney murine leukemia virus, mouse mammary tumor virus, or varicella-zoster virus gpi promoters in vectors containing selectable markers. host cell and recombinant vector systems were defined which enabled the isolation of rodent or primate cell clones which expressed gp350/220 in substantial quantities. continued expression of gp350/220 required maint ... | 1987 | 3033311 |
| incorporation of (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine into deoxyribonucleic acids of varicella-zoster virus (tk+ and tk- strains)-infected cells. | the incorporation of (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdu) into dna of varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected human embryo fibroblasts was studied, using thymidine kinase-positive (tk+) and thymidine kinase-negative (tk-) vzv strains. [125i]ivdu was taken up by cells infected with tk+ vzv-, but not by tk- vzv- or mock-infected cells. [125i]ivdu was incorporated into both vzv dna and cellular dna of tk+ vzv-infected cells. when the cells were exposed to 0.3 microm ivdu, a more marked shift wa ... | 1987 | 3033468 |
| zoster sine herpete causing encephalomyelitis. | the case of a patient with encephalomyelitis and laboratory signs of a central nervous system herpes zoster infection without cutaneous lesions is reported. the diagnosis was supported by the serological evidence of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (vzv). | 1987 | 3032844 |
| lymphocyte responses to varicella zoster virus in the elderly. | elderly subjects (age 75-95 years) immune to varicella zoster virus (vzv) were identified by the presence of serum igg antibody. the frequency of lymphocytes in their blood which proliferated in varicella zoster virus antigen-stimulated cultures was 1:78,000 +/- 6600. this is less than the 1:14,000 +/- 2000 frequency of vzv-responsive lymphocytes in blood from younger adult (20-43 years) donors. elderly donors' blood mononuclear cells were less efficient than those of younger adults at lysing vz ... | 1987 | 3033012 |
| antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin against varicella-zoster virus in vitro. | one of the plant extracts, glycyrrhizin (gl) was investigated for its antiviral action on varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in vitro. when human embryonic fibroblast (hef) cells were treated with gl after inoculation of virus (post-treatment), the average 50%-inhibitory dose (id50) for five vzv strains was 0.71 mm, and the selectivity index (ratio of id50 for host-cell dna synthesis to id50 for vzv replication) was 30. gl was also effective against vzv replication when hef cells were treated 24 h bef ... | 1987 | 3034150 |
| comparison of fluorescent-antibody-to-membrane-antigen test, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of antibody to varicella-zoster virus. | the demand for sensitive and specific assays to determine immune status to varicella can be expected to increase with the anticipated availability of a varicella-zoster virus vaccine for use in nonimmune adults, especially health care personnel, and in immunosuppressed children. although the fluorescent-antibody-to-membrane-antigen (fama) test remains the reference standard to which other tests are compared, simpler alternative assays are needed. in this study, the fama was compared with a simpl ... | 1987 | 3034966 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus in direct specimens by immunofluorescence assay using a monoclonal antibody. | a monoclonal antibody (mab), designated cha 437, was developed against herpes simplex virus (hsv). this mab (isotype, immunoglobulin g2b k) reacted with hsv type 1 and hsv type 2. it showed no cross-reactivity with varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, or epstein-barr virus. direct detection of hsv antigen in clinical specimens using indirect immunofluorescence with this mab was compared with tissue culture isolation. for the 682 specimens tested, the direct specimen test gave a sensitivity o ... | 1987 | 3034970 |
| genetic relations between varicella-zoster virus and epstein-barr virus. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) are important human pathogens which belong to different subfamilies of the herpesviruses: the alpha- and gammaherpesvirinae, respectively. computer comparisons of the amino acid sequences of proteins predicted from the published complete vzv and ebv dna sequences resulted in the detection of ebv counterparts to 29 of the 67 unique vzv genes. conserved genes were detected only in the ul component of each genome, and are located in three ma ... | 1987 | 3033126 |
| viral igm antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and controls. | serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 28 patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), 14 with other neurological diseases (ond) and 31 control subjects with tension headache were analysed for presence of igm antibodies against measles, mumps and varicellae zoster by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). this technique excluded false positive reaction due to possible presence of rheumatoid factor. twelve of the 28 patients with ms had igm antibodies in serum and 4 in csf, the latter ... | 1987 | 3033976 |
| live attenuated varicella vaccine. | live attenuated varicella vaccine will in all probability soon be licensed in the united states for immunization of healthy children and adults and certain immunocompromised children. this vaccine can be expected to protect susceptibles from varicella (or to modify it) in those subsequently exposed to the wild virus. the vaccine is safe, immunogenic, and is not associated with an increase in the incidence of zoster. | 1987 | 3034136 |
| varicella-like illness caused by live varicella vaccine in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. | a varicella-like illness occurred in five of 52 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia following the administration of live varicella vaccine. only one of the children required treatment with acyclovir. virus isolated from two of the children was "vaccine-like" but differed slightly from the original vaccine strain when tested by restriction enzyme analysis. there did not appear to be a reversion to virulence because two of the household contacts who seroconverted had mild or subclinical infec ... | 1987 | 3035478 |
| serum and urine concentrations of oral bromovinyldeoxyuridine in humans as monitored by a bioassay system based on varicella-zoster virus focus inhibition. | a simple and sensitive bioassay method for measuring (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) concentrations in human serum and urine has been established. this method is based on the inhibitory effect of bvdu on varicella-zoster virus (vzv) focus formation in vitro. the minimal concentration of bvdu that could be detected in serum by this method was 0.2 microgram/ml. following a single oral administration of 250 mg bvdu, serum bvdu concentrations of 1.2-2.2 micrograms/ml were attained 1 hr l ... | 1987 | 3035076 |
| the 160,000-mr virion protein encoded at the right end of the herpesvirus saimiri genome is homologous to the 140,000-mr membrane antigen encoded at the left end of the epstein-barr virus genome. | the sequence of 4.4 kilobase pairs (kbp) from the conventional right terminus of the a + t-rich light-dna (l-dna) sequences of the herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) genome contains a leftward-directed open reading frame (orf) for a 1,299-residue protein. the molecular weight predicted for the protein (143,000) is in good agreement with the estimates of 150,000 to 160,000 for the major nonglycosylated polypeptide of the virion tegument (the 160k polypeptide), previously shown to be encoded by this region ... | 1987 | 3035208 |
| in vitro activity of (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine against newly isolated clinical varicella-zoster virus strains. | the highly potent and selective anti-dna virus agent (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine [(s)-hpmpa] was found to inhibit in vitro the replication of a number of clinical varicella-zoster virus strains within the concentration range of 0.63-5.7 ng/ml. with a mean 50% inhibitory concentration of 1.8 ng/ml and selectivity index of 29000, (s)-hpmpa is one of the most potent and most selective varicella-zoster virus inhibitors discovered to date. | 1987 | 3036498 |
| immunological studies of uveitis. 1. immune complex containing herpes virus antigens in four patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | four patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome were examined. three of them showed elevated antibody titers to varicella-zoster virus during the convalescent stage, while one of them showed an elevated titer to herpes simplex virus type 1, especially in the intraocular fluid. also, these patients had an elevated circulating immune complex in the acute phase. western blotting demonstrated that the immune complexes contained varicella-zoster or herpes simplex type 1 antigen, corresponding to t ... | 1986 | 3035258 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection of human mononuclear cells. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna was detected in mononuclear cells (mnc) of 7 humans with acute zoster 1-23 days after the onset of skin lesions. to further study the interaction of vzv with human mnc, cells obtained from seropositive normal donors were infected with vzv and analyzed for the presence of viral dna and proteins. vzv-dna was detected in t, b, and okm 1 (monocyte-macrophage) positive cells, and virus-specific proteins were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoprecip ... | 1987 | 3035815 |
| varicella-zoster virus as a live vector for the expression of foreign genes. | the previous demonstration of the efficacy and tolerability of the oka strain of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in clinical trials involving vaccination of both normal and immunocompromised individuals has laid the foundation for its use in preventing chickenpox. in this context, vzv could be useful as a vector for vaccinating against other infectious agents as well. as an initial application, a live recombinant vzv expressing epstein-barr virus (ebv) membrane glycoproteins (gp350/220) was generat ... | 1987 | 3035557 |
| serologic detection of active infections with human herpes viruses (cmv, ebv, hsv, vzv): diagnostic potential of iga class and igg subclass-specific antibodies. | in 175 sera from healthy persons as well as those suffering from primary or secondary herpes virus infections/reactivations, serum antibodies were assessed by an indirect elisa in the immunoglobulin classes a, g and m and the subclasses g1-4, using carrier-fixed antigens (cmv, vzv, hsv) and monoclonal tracer antibodies. in a similar way ebv-specific antibodies were tested by an indirect ift. only igg1 antibodies were detectable in nearly all persons. virus-specific iga and igg3 may support conve ... | 1987 | 3036714 |
| varicella zoster immunoglobulin after postnatal exposure to varicella: survey of experts. | a questionnaire based on a hypothetical 6-day-old infant exposed to a sibling with varicella was mailed to 316 pediatric infectious diseases society members to determine their recommendations for administration of varicella zoster immunoglobulin (vzig). of the 137 faculty members who responded 20% would recommend vzig for the infant described (13% were undecided). when further information including a negative maternal history for varicella, prematurity or maternal varicella infection occurring 1 ... | 1987 | 3037474 |
| anti-varicella zoster immunoglobulin and herpes simplex infections. | | 1987 | 3037709 |
| a small open reading frame in pseudorabies virus and implications for evolutionary relationships between herpesviruses. | an open reading frame coding for an 11-kda protein was located downstream from the gi gene of pseudorabies virus (prv). this open reading frame is homologous to an open reading frame (us9) in an analogous position in herpes simplex virus and to an open reading frame (us1) in a different position in varicella zoster virus. the open reading frame encoding the 11-kda protein is in a region known to be deleted in live attenuated vaccine strains of prv. | 1987 | 3037781 |
| pneumonias in adults due to mycoplasma, chlamydiae, and viruses. | pneumonias in adults due to mycoplasma, chlamydiae, and viruses are a common clinical problem. these microorganisms contribute to the etiologies in 6-35% of all cases of pneumonia and are the sole pathogens in 1-17% of hospitalized cases. important trends and developments in the field include the emergence of a chlamydia psittaci strain (twar) that is passaged from human to human, causes a mycoplasma-like illness, and that is relatively resistant to erythromycin, the recognition of respiratory s ... | 1987 | 3037901 |
| epstein-barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and other viral infections in children after liver transplantation. | we studied 51 consecutive pediatric patients for the frequency and morbidity of viral infections after liver transplantation. the incidence of primary (67%) and reactivation (48%) epstein-barr virus (ebv) infections and reactivation (88%) cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection was comparable to that seen in adult transplant recipients. however, fewer pediatric than adult transplant recipients experienced primary cmv infection (p less than .01). five (38%) of 13 cmv infections were symptomatic and inclu ... | 1987 | 3036964 |
| 2'-fluorinated arabinonucleosides of 5-(2-haloalkyl)uracil: synthesis and antiviral activity. | the synthesis of 5-(2-fluoroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (fedu, 4b), its 2'-fluoro analogue 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-(2-fluoroethyl)-1h,3h- pyrimidine-2,4-dione (fefau, 4k), and the 2'-fluoro analogue of the potent antiherpes virus compound 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (cedu), 5-(2-chloroethyl)-1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-1h,3h-pyr imidine - 2,4-dione (cefau, 4i), is described. the antiviral activities of these compounds were determined in cell culture again ... | 1987 | 3037079 |
| response of immunocompromised patients with acute herpes zoster to intravenous acyclovir. | | 1987 | 3037291 |
| effects of herpes virus carrier status on peripheral t lymphocyte subsets. | we studied the effects of herpes virus carrier status on peripheral blood t lymphocyte subsets in 334 healthy individuals. igg-class antibodies against cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus (hsv), and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were used as markers for the carrier status of those viruses. cmv carrier status was associated with significant increases in the numbers of some t cell subsets, whereas the carrier status of ebv, hsv, and vzv had no significant effects. ... | 1987 | 3038215 |
| [herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus]. | | 1987 | 3039018 |
| induction of antibody against in vitro translation products encoded by varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein genes. | antibodies were raised in rabbit against the in vitro translation products encoded by the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) glycoprotein genes gpi and gpiv. the antisera neutralized vzv infectivity and specifically identified two late vzv glycoproteins, gpi and gpiv, in vzv-infected cells and in the envelope of vz virions. pulse-chase experiments revealed a 55k precursor protein to gpiv (60k) and a 82k precursor protein to gpi (95k). immunoprecipitation of 32p-labeled vzv-infected cells showed that t ... | 1987 | 3039752 |
| varicella zoster antibody testing in the care of pregnant women exposed to varicella. | appropriate use of varicella zoster immunoglobulin to prevent or ameliorate maternal or perinatal infection depends on accurate identification of varicella-susceptible women. detection of fluorescent antibody to varicella zoster virus membrane antigen is an available means for identifying women exposed to varicella who are at risk for infection. during a 5 1/2-year period, 37 pregnant women who had been exposed to varicella and who had a negative or indeterminate history of prior varicella were ... | 1987 | 3039845 |
| efficacy of varicella vaccine in patients with solid tumours. | thirty nine children with malignant disease and without antibodies to varicella zoster virus were immunised with a live oka strain varicella vaccine. seroconversion was shown in 24 of those who were vaccinated but five of 18 who responded to the vaccine who were followed up for over six months subsequently lost their antibodies. of 10 children who were revaccinated, nine responded to the second dose but three lost their antibodies within six months to two years. four children developed reactions ... | 1987 | 3039925 |
| antibody responses to early antigens of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) during varicella and zoster. | the antibody responses to membrane and early antigens and thymidine kinase of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were studied in sera during both varicella and zoster by a test with fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (fama), staining the biochemically transformed cells by the immunofluorescent technique and neutralization of virus-specific thymidine kinase activity, respectively. similar increases in fama antibody titers were demonstrated in sera from patients with varicella and zoster. igm was ... | 1986 | 3039973 |
| perinatal viral infections. | in comparison to older children and adults, neonates are immunologically incompetent. they are susceptible to infections caused by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. these infectious agents may be acquired by neonates either prenatally, during the intrapartum period or postnatally. the purpose of this review is to emphasize the potential impact of viral infections contracted by neonates at the time of delivery or within the neonatal period. the viruses reviewed i ... | 1987 | 3040392 |
| influence of cytomegalovirus infection on the recovery of humoral immunity after autologous bone marrow transplantation. | recovery of b-cell number and function was studied in 23 patients with hematological malignancies treated with high-dose chemoradiotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (auto-bmt) in relation to the presence or absence of cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection. b cells recovered rapidly after auto-bmt and specific antibodies to herpes viruses remained nearly unchanged. both were independent of the cmv status of the patients. however, the capacity of peripheral blood b cells to diff ... | 1987 | 3040453 |
| [acute viral infections in association with idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis]. | the possible association of some viral infections with the onset of bell's palsy was examined in a study of 29 patients. the results were compared with a sex- and age-matched control group. the number of probable recent viral infections, as judged by a fourfold increase in antibody titers or the presence of specific igm antibodies, differed statistically from that found in the control group. in seven patients with bell's palsy the enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (elisa) indicated an acute vira ... | 1987 | 3040643 |
| structure-activity studies on synthetic peptides inhibiting herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductase. | herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) ribonucleotide reductase is formed by the association of two nonidentical subunits. a peptide corresponding to the cooh terminus of the subunit 2, tyr-ala-gly-ala-val-val-asn-asp-leu (h2-(7-15)), has been shown to completely inhibit the reductase activity (ic50 = 36 microm) without affecting the host isoenzyme. in order to study the relationship between chemical requirements and inhibitory potencies, a series of peptides, including fragmen ... | 1987 | 3040743 |
| opioid-mediated suppression of interferon-gamma production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | mounting evidence suggests that opiate addiction and stress are associated with impaired cell-mediated immunity. we tested the hypothesis that morphine and the endogenous opioid beta-endorphin (beta-end), a pituitary peptide released in increased concentrations during stress, can suppress the production of the key macrophage-activating lymphokine interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) by cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmnc). using a radioimmunoassay to measure ifn-gamma, we found that ... | 1987 | 3040807 |
| effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine and recombinant human beta interferon alone and in combination on simian varicella virus infection in monkeys. | treatment of viral infections with combinations of antiviral agents may permit administration of reduced doses of either or both drugs. lowered doses may reduce associated toxicity. intravenous administration of substantial doses of either human recombinant beta interferon (rhuifn-beta) or 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (dhpg) prevents development of simian varicella virus infection in african green monkeys. daily doses of 2 x 10(6) u of rhuifn-beta/kg inhibited clinical disease in mon ... | 1987 | 3040868 |
| immunization of monkeys with varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein antigens and their response to challenge with simian varicella virus. | african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were immunized with three intramuscular injections of gpi, gpii, or gpiii glycoprotein antigens of varicella-zoster virus (vzv). antibody responses to vzv were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and to simian varicella virus (svv) by immunofluorescence and by serum neutralization assays. two weeks following the third immunization with vzv glycoproteins, the monkeys were challenged by inoculation of svv. antibodies to gpii or gpi ... | 1987 | 3040898 |
| successful infection of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) with human varicella-zoster virus. | the common marmoset, callithrix jacchus, can be infected with human varicella-zoster virus (vzv), both wild-type strain kmcc and attenuated vaccine strain oka/merck. infection was accomplished with either whole-cell-associated or cell extract vzv by combined oral-nasal-conjunctival application and was characterized by substantial and persistent anti-vzv antibody responses. the infectivity of vzv for marmosets was destroyed by treatment of inocula with heat or uv light. diluted inocula with as fe ... | 1987 | 3041014 |
| varicella zoster virus infections in immunocompromised hosts. a review of the natural history and management. | varicella is relatively mild in otherwise normal children, in whom new lesions form for a mean of four days after onset and heal 50 percent of their lesions in eight days. new lesions form in most immunocompromised children for longer than five days and those not treated with antiviral drugs have a 28 percent incidence of pneumonitis and a 7 percent mortality rate. untreated immunocompromised adults with herpes zoster shed virus for longer (7.0 days) than otherwise normal adults (5.3 days). herp ... | 1988 | 3044096 |
| treatment of chickenpox in immunocompromised children. | in hungary since 1981, 98 immunocompromised children have been treated with intravenous acyclovir for varicella zoster virus infections. they were treated in an open study or a double-blind study. results of both are discussed briefly. overall, five of 74 patients with varicella died, whereas all 24 patients with herpes zoster recovered. treatment failures occurred in patients in whom treatment started late and in those with severe lymphocytopenia. in some children, varicella zoster virus-specif ... | 1988 | 3044101 |
| current therapy of varicella zoster virus infection in immunocompromised patients. a comparison of acyclovir and vidarabine. | both acyclovir and vidarabine are effective treatment for varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection in immunosuppressed patients. to determine which is preferable, therapy with these two agents was compared in a prospective, randomized trial. a total of 22 immunocompromised patients undergoing treatment for hematologic malignancies and presenting with vzv infection within 72 hours of the onset of rash were randomly assigned to receive intravenous acyclovir or vidarabine; 11 patients were randomly a ... | 1988 | 3044102 |