| prophylactic and therapeutic use of immunoglobulin for intravenous administration in patients with secondary immunodeficiencies associated with malignancies. | failure of host defense systems associated with malignancies may be attributable to the tumor, to cytoreductive therapy or to combined endogenous and iatrogenic influences. management of the resulting increased susceptibility to infections may require supplementation of antibiotic therapy with additional forms of treatment, including passive immunization with antibodies. this review discusses the use of immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous administration (ivig) in patients with secondary ... | 1988 | 2840630 |
| anti-herpes igg and igg subclass antibodies in bell's palsy. | to ascertain if there is an association between bell's palsy and infection by viruses of the herpes group, 78 patients and 59 controls were investigated. the specific antiviral igg subclass pattern in serum against cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and varicella zoster virus (vzv) was analysed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) combined with monoclonal antibodies directed against the four subclasses of human igg. additional elisa assays of igg and igm ant ... | 1988 | 2844053 |
| an elisa study on varicella-zoster virus infection in acute peripheral facial palsy. | elisa was applied to atraumatic acute peripheral facial palsy for the purpose of examining the usefulness of the method with respect to early diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection. the material for this study consisted of 287 cases of bell's palsy, 64 cases of hunt's syndrome and 12 cases of zoster sine herpete diagnosed by the cf method, obtained from 16 institutions throughout japan. in view of the results thus obtained, it was provided that cases of specific anti-vzv-igg antibod ... | 1988 | 2844055 |
| viral infections in acute peripheral facial paralysis. nationwide analysis centering on cf. | the degree of participation and regional specificity of virus infection in relation to atraumatic acute peripheral facial palsy was studied, placing particular emphasis on change in the cf titre of varicella zoster virus (vzv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and adenovirus (adeno). the subjects of the study were 91 patients with hunt's syndrome and 396 patients with bell's palsy treated at 17 institutions all over japan in the period between april 1985 and november 1986. among the cases of hunt's sy ... | 1988 | 2844057 |
| viral infection in acute peripheral facial palsy. investigation in yamagata prefecture. | we studied viral involvement in bell's palsy and ramsay hunt syndrome. in the cf test, viral infection was confirmed in 2 of 84 patients. of the 12 patients with ramsay hunt syndrome, 5 showed a significantly high titre for varicella zoster and one for rubella. the elisa test, performed in 60 patients with bell's palsy, revealed significantly high titres for varicella zoster in 5 patients and for herpes simplex in 4 patients. all 5 patients with ramsay hunt syndrome showed significantly high tit ... | 1988 | 2844058 |
| cerebral infarction in an adult with disseminated varicella. | a 26-year-old patient with disseminated varicella developed a cerebral infarction 11 days into the illness. cerebral infarction, typically delayed, is primarily reported in association with zoster with only one previous report in primary varicella. the mechanism is speculative and thrombosed vessels with and without vasculitis have been demonstrated. our patient showed mild evidence of systemic alteration in immune function, suggesting the possibility of vasculitis. | 1986 | 2843250 |
| determination of immune status to measles, rubella, and varicella-zoster viruses among medical students: assessment of historical information. | we examined the serological susceptibility of entering medical students to measles, rubella, and varicella-zoster (vzv) viruses over a four-year period. serological results were then compared to historical information to ascertain whether undocumented histories of disease or vaccination could be used to identify students who may not need serological testing. for measles, historical information was of no benefit in predicting immunity. for vzv and, to a greater extent, rubella, a higher seroposit ... | 1988 | 2837919 |
| rapid detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigen in human ocular infections. | the new herpchek (dupont, no. billerica, ma) enzyme immunosorbent assay (eia) was used in a double-blind clinical study for rapid and specific detection of ocular herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. this 4-hour assay can be used to demonstrate conclusively the presence of hsv antigen without culture and thereby rapidly differentiate between hsv and other clinically similar ocular infectious diseases. ocular samples were collected from 180 individuals including 30 patients with acute hsv, 90 wi ... | 1988 | 2843320 |
| varicella serology in institutional exposure management. | a resident of a large facility for developmentally disabled persons developed chickenpox, exposing the other residents on his unit prior to diagnosis. only 4 of the 20 exposed had previous histories. indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) testing for varicella-zoster antibodies done on the day the index patient was diagnosed demonstrated protective antibody levels in 18 of 21 residents. these residents returned to habilitative activities earlier than anticipated, maintaining program continuity. we ... | 1988 | 2844213 |
| igg subclass distribution among antibodies to varicella-zoster virus in human varicella/zoster immunoglobulin preparations and the corresponding donor plasma. | igg subclasses to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were detected in plasma from different sources used for the production of varicella/zoster immunoglobulin (vzig). igg1 and igg3 were the principal virus antibodies in plasma from healthy donors as well as from convalescents after primary and reactivated disease. anti-vzv igg3 antibodies were predominant among varicella convalescents while igg1 antibodies dominated among zoster convalescents. igg4 antibodies were present in zoster convalescents and h ... | 1988 | 2844824 |
| varicella-zoster virus-specific hla-restricted cytotoxicity of normal immune adult lymphocytes after in vitro stimulation. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific cytotoxic t cell responses were studied in 35 presumably immune and two nonimmune adult donors and in two patients with herpes zoster. peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbls) were stimulated for five or 12 days with autologous, irradiated, vzv-infected pbls. cytotoxicity was measured in a chromium-release assay. target cells were usually cryopreserved, phytohemagglutinin-stimulated pbls, either infected with vzv or uninfected. in testing the presumably immune ad ... | 1988 | 2844916 |
| molecular analysis of the pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase gene of wild-type and acyclovir-resistant strains of varicella-zoster virus. | the pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase (dpk) genes from five wild-type and four acyclovir-resistant varicella-zoster virus (vzv) strains were studied. one of the acyclovir-resistant strains was isolated from a patient receiving chronic acyclovir therapy. acyclovir-resistant strains expressed the 1.8 kb vzv dpk transcript but lacked dpk activity. to determine the basis for the lack of enzyme activity the dpk gene from each strain was cloned and its dna sequence determined. the vzv dpk gene was ... | 1988 | 2844967 |
| serological responses in varicella and zoster assayed by immunoblotting. | acute and convalescent zoster sera taken from 11 patients with varicella and 12 patients with zoster were assayed using immunoblotting for the presence of igg- and igm-class antibodies to proteins present in varicella-zoster virus-infected cells. all patients exhibited a detectable virus-specific response with both antibody classes. the igg responses involved up to 28 protein bands between 28 and 255 kilodaltons (kda). the reactivity was particularly strong in the 78-114-kda region, with additio ... | 1988 | 2844983 |
| sequence of a bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoprotein gene that is homologous to the herpes simplex gene for the glycoprotein gb. | the 130-kda bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein gvp 6 was found to cross-react immunologically with the herpes simplex glycoprotein gb. antibodies in polyclonal serum against gb immunoprecipitated gvp 6 and its cleavage products from a lysate of bhv-1-infected cells. conversely, polyclonal serum against gvp 6 precipitated gb from hsv-1-infected cell lysates. sera against the other glycoproteins did not demonstrate cross-reactivity. a 3.6-kb kpnl-hpal fragment of bhv-1 dna that hybridized t ... | 1988 | 2845660 |
| serology in facial paralysis caused by clinically presumed herpes zoster infection. | in some cases of peripheral facial palsy due to a clinically suspected varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection, the clinical diagnosis is not supported by serological tests. in a retrospective study, we examined the sera from 63 patients with clinical findings compatible with vzv infection: 57 had paired sera and 6 had single sera. in the paired-sera group, 18 cases were serologically negative initially by complement fixation (cf), while 9 of these cases were actually positive for vzv when cf was ... | 1988 | 2845904 |
| the genome of herpes simplex virus: structure, replication and evolution. | the objectives of this paper are to discuss the structure and genetic content of the genome of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), the nature of virus dna replicative processes, and aspects of the evolution of the virus dna, in particular those bearing on dna replication. we are in the late stages of determining the complete sequence of the dna of hsv-1, which contains about 155,000 base pairs, and thus the treatment is primarily from a viewpoint of dna sequence and organization. the genome pos ... | 1987 | 2846596 |
| non-lymphoid tissue lesions induced by or associated with herpesvirus. | the members of herpesvirus group are variable in their effects on tissues of the human body. this results in a wide variety of clinical diseases and syndromes. some produce impressive pathological lesions. those produced by the viruses with tropism for ectodermally derived cells include herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus are well recognized by practically all medical specialists and even by those who are not medically oriented. cytomegalovirus has tropism for epithelial cells that a ... | 1988 | 2846621 |
| herpes simplex virus detection by macroscopic reading after overnight incubation and immunoperoxidase staining. | human diploid foreskin fibroblast cells grown in 24-well plates were inoculated with clinical specimens by centrifugation at 1,000 x g for 45 min. cultures were incubated at 37 degrees c overnight, fixed, and stained with peroxidase-labeled monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. stained plaques of infected cells were large enough to be detected with the naked eye, and microscopic examination did not reveal any further positive specimens. the method was compared with st ... | 1988 | 2846634 |
| use of murine monoclonal antibodies for laboratory diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection. | the laboratory diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection was reevaluated by direct immunofluorescent-antibody staining (dfa) and centrifugation culture with newly available murine monoclonal antibodies. specimen smears were examined by dfa using monoclonal antibodies to vzv and to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. specimens were also inoculated into shell vials for centrifugation culture and into standard tube cell culture. of 68 specimens tested from 60 patients, 39 (57%) were posit ... | 1988 | 2846644 |
| conservation of glycoprotein h (gh) in herpesviruses: nucleotide sequence of the gh gene from herpesvirus saimiri. | we present the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein h (gh) gene of herpesvirus saimiri (hvs), a representative of the t lymphotropic herpesviruses of new world monkeys, and compare the predicted amino acid sequence with sequences of homologous proteins from four human herpesviruses. the hvs gh gene is located within a block of genes encoding products conserved in all herpesvirus subgroups as represented by the human herpesviruses herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus a ... | 1988 | 2846759 |
| placental transfer of igg subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus. | commercially available mouse monoclonal antibodies to human igg subclasses (igg 1 to igg 4) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine the placental transfer of igg subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv). all 46 mothers had total igg antibody to vzv, and an equal level of antibody was found in the cord blood. all of the mothers had high antibody activities to vzv in igg 1 and igg 4 subclasses. the majority of the mothers were negative for igg 2 and igg 3 v ... | 1988 | 2846768 |
| [early diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection in acute facial paralysis--significance of vzv antigen skin test and csf examination]. | | 1988 | 2846806 |
| the cleavage recognition signal is contained within sequences surrounding an a-a junction in herpes simplex virus dna. | herpesvirus genome maturation involves site-specific cleavage of viral dna concatemers and encapsidation of unit-length molecules, processes that are apparently coupled. here, applying a transfection-infection approach, we have investigated the arrangement of the dna sequence elements involved in cleavage and shown that specific cleavage occurs independently of dna replication. we show that the cis-acting signal for cleavage is located within a 179-bp fragment from across an a-a junction formed ... | 1988 | 2847414 |
| experimental activation of latent cytomegalovirus infection of the captive bred (f1) cynomolgus monkeys by live or killed varicella-zoster virus inoculated under immunosuppression. | f1 cynomolgus monkeys bred in captivity and thought to be "spf" had latent cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection although less frequently than in wild-born monkeys. latent cmv could be activated under severe immunosuppression by inoculation with a certain strain of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) as shown in a previous study. we carried out further experiments using live and formalin-inactivated vzv in f1 monkeys which were sero-positive for cmv, but not for any other viruses. the results showed that bot ... | 1988 | 2847483 |
| varicella exposure in a neonatal intensive care unit: case report and control measures. | forty-six infants in a neonatal intensive care unit and 138 health care workers were exposed to a pediatric medical resident during the prodromal period and the early days of unrecognized varicella. an attempt was made to prevent an outbreak of additional cases by the institution of emergency control measures. these measures included rapid identification of varicella antibody status in exposed neonates, varicella antibody testing of health care workers with unknown or uncertain history of varice ... | 1988 | 2847598 |
| inhibition of varicella-zoster virus-induced dna polymerase by a new guanosine analog, 9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine triphosphate. | the triphosphates of the antiherpesvirus acyclic guanosine analogs 9-[4-hydroxy-2(hydroxymethyl)butyl] guanine (2hm-hbg), 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acyclovir [acv]), and 9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine (buciclovir) were examined for their effects on partially purified varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna polymerase as well as cellular dna polymerase alpha. the triphosphate of 2hm-hbg competitively inhibited the incorporation of dgmp into dna catalyzed by the vzv dna polymerase. 2hm-hbg-triphos ... | 1988 | 2847643 |
| igg subclass distribution of antiviral antibodies in common variable immunodeficiency: effect of substitution therapy. | immunoglobulin g subclass titers to three herpesviruses (herpes simplex; hsv; cytomegalovirus, cmv; varicella zoster virus, vzv) were examined in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (cvi) before and after immunoglobulin substitution. like healthy controls, cvi patients expressed igg1 and igg3 to hsv and cmv, but only igg1 to vzv. individual titers varied as in healthy individuals, but as a mean, specific igg titers were lowered in proportion to the decrease of total igg. hsv and cmv i ... | 1988 | 2847890 |
| [a regrettable lapse]. | | 1988 | 2848210 |
| [the detection of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) antigen from vitreous humor of 3 cases with kirisawa-urayama type uveitis]. | | 1988 | 2848401 |
| long-term acyclovir prophylaxis in bone marrow transplant recipients and lymphocyte proliferation responses to herpes virus antigens in vitro. | in this randomized double-blind and placebo controlled trial of 6 months' prophylaxis with acyclovir (acv) in 42 bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients, patients receiving acv had fewer herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections during the prophylaxis compared to the placebo treated patients (p less than 0.05). during the first 6 months after the prophylaxis had been discontinued the frequency of clinical hsv reactivations was low both in the acv (1/13) and in the pl ... | 1986 | 2844333 |
| cd4 and cd8 cell responses to herpes simplex virus in behçet's disease. | the finding of part of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) genome in peripheral blood leucocytes of some patients with behcet's disease (bd) led to investigations of t cell responses to hsv1 in this disease. a significantly impaired uptake of 3h-thymidine by cd4 cells was found in bd, as compared with healthy hsv1 sero-positive subjects. the impaired cellular response appeared to be specific to hsv1, as neither cytomegalovirus nor varicella-zoster virus showed depressed cd4 cell responses in ... | 1988 | 2844457 |
| screening of antibodies to varicella-zoster virus in leukemic patients: comparison of commercial methods of enzyme-immunoassay and fluoroimmunoassay. | commercial methods of enzyme immunoassay and fluoroimmunoassay for the detection of varicella-zoster antibodies were compared using serum samples from individuals in a program of bone marrow transplantation. the correlation was 93.4%. enzyme immunoassay showed to be more sensitive. both methods are applicable to the detection of varicella-zoster antibodies. however, when fluoroimmunoassay is used, we recommend the confirmation of negative results by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay. | 1988 | 2844470 |
| interference between strains in live virus vaccines. ii: combined vaccination with varicella and measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. | a combined vaccine against varicella and measles-mumps-rubella made by mixing two commercially available products (varilrix and pluserix sk-rit) has proved to be only partially successful in early trials. although the seroconversion rates with the mmr components were comparable with those usually achieved, the varicella take was depressed to 77%. a new low dose measles-mumps-rubella vaccine was prepared in which the measles virus content was reduced to 1/5 and the mumps virus content to 1/8. com ... | 1988 | 2848843 |
| immunity to whole varicella-zoster virus antigen and glycoproteins i and p170: relation to the immunizing regimen of live attenuated varicella vaccine. | humoral and cellular immune responses to whole varicella-zoster virus (vzv) antigen and the vzv proteins glycoprotein i (gpi) and nonglycosylated protein p170 were evaluated in healthy children and adults given lyophilized live-attenuated varicella vaccine. children received one dose of vaccine containing 950 pfu, whereas adults received two doses of 2500 pfu. after one year, the antibody titers of adult vaccinees to whole vzv and to gpi were significantly higher than those of children. antibody ... | 1988 | 2848901 |
| the regions of the herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early protein vmw175 required for site specific dna binding closely correspond to those involved in transcriptional regulation. | the immediate-early (ie) protein vmw175 (icp4) of hsv-1 is required for the transcription of later classes of viral genes and the repression of ie gene expression. we have previously constructed a panel of plasmid-borne insertion and deletion mutants of the gene encoding vmw175 and assayed their ability to regulate transcription in transient transfection assays. by this approach we have mapped the regions of the vmw175 amino acid sequence that are required for transcriptional activation and repr ... | 1988 | 2849757 |
| isolation of a new human herpesvirus producing a lytic infection of helper (cd4) t-lymphocytes in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures--another cause of acquired immunodeficiency? | a new human helper (cd4) t-lymphotropic herpesvirus (htlhv) was first isolated in february 1985 from the cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and subsequently from the pbl of 1 patient with hairy cell leukaemia and 2 patients with lymphoproliferative disease associated with human t-lymphotropic virus type i infection. the viruses could be serially subcultured in umbilical cord pbl cultures in which they infected helper (cd4) t-lymp ... | 1988 | 2849812 |
| clinical use of oka live varicella vaccine. | | 1988 | 2849859 |
| introduction and expression of the bacterial paer7 restriction endonuclease gene in mouse cells containing the paer7 methylase. | to study the factors essential for a functional restriction system, the paer7 restriction-modification system has been introduced and expressed in murine cells. transfer of this system was accomplished in two steps. first, cells containing sufficient paer7 methylase to completely methylate the mouse genome were constructed. in the second step, the mouse metallothionein promoter-regulated, endonuclease expression vector linked to the hygromycin b resistance selection marker was used to transfect ... | 1988 | 2850539 |
| evidence for genetic relationship between rna and dna viruses from the sequence homology of a putative polymerase gene of bluetongue virus with that of vaccinia virus: conservation of rna polymerase genes from diverse species. | the nucleotide sequence of segment 1 of the double stranded rna genome of bluetongue virus serotype 10 (btv-10), encoding the largest viral core protein, vp1, has been determined. linear sequence analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the 149-k da protein, a putative component of the viral rna-directed rna polymerase, revealed extensive homology with the vaccinia virus 147k da dna-directed rna polymerase subunit. similar homologies were detected between the vp1 polypeptide and the beta ... | 1988 | 2850542 |
| congenital varicella-zoster. a serologically proven case with necrotizing encephalitis and malformation. | following maternal chicken pox in the 14th week of pregnancy, a male infant was born with low birth weight, muscle wasting and limb contractures, hypotonia and areflexia. a rising titre of varicella-zoster-specific igm (by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay) confirmed congenital infection, and electromyogram showed widespread denervation. death occurred at 8 days. neuropathological examination revealed destructive and inflammatory lesions of cerebral cortex and white matter, thalamus, brain ste ... | 1988 | 2850700 |
| herpesvirus infections (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus). how to use ganciclovir (dhpg) and acyclovir. | herpes viruses (hsv, cmv, vz) are very frequent in aids patients and often exist in a chronic or progressive form. clinically evident cmv retinitis occurs in approximately 10 per cent of aids patients but can be effectively treated with a new nucleoside analogue dhpg (gancyclovir). perianal ulcers, proctitis, and other clinical syndromes caused by hsv can be effectively treated with acyclovir (acv) and hsv recurrences can be prevented by daily administration of acv. zoster in a young adult may b ... | 1988 | 2849621 |
| patterns of gene expression and sites of latency in human nerve ganglia are different for varicella-zoster and herpes simplex viruses. | the cellular localization and viral transcription patterns of acute and latent varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections of human sensory nerve ganglia were studied by in situ hybridization and compared with those of latent herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia obtained at autopsy were hybridized with 35s-labeled single-stranded rna probes homologous to vzv or hsv fragments. we have reported that hsv persists in human sensory neurons and expresses only one family ... | 1988 | 2849116 |
| use of recombinant vaccinia viruses to examine cytotoxic t lymphocyte recognition of individual viral proteins. | | 1988 | 2849289 |
| the use of colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy to diagnose varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections by rapid discrimination between vzv, hsv-1 and hsv-2. | colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy was used to diagnose rapidly 53 cases clinically suspected of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection and one special case selected from another study on typical herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. the viruses were identified and subsequently typed within 2.5 h by a direct labelling test for vzv, and within 3.5 h by an indirect labelling test with monoclonal antibodies against hsv type 1 and type 2. the protein a purified igg fraction of human anti-vzv ... | 1988 | 2851604 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus by dot-blot dna hybridization using probes labelled with 32p by nick translation or random hexanucleotide priming. | a dna hybridization assay for the detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna was developed using random hexanucleotide-primed 32p-labelled hind iii restriction fragments of hcmv dna as probes, and compared with a dna hybridization assay using probes labelled with 32p by nick translation. nick-translated probes were shown to be able to detect between 1 and 10 pg of homologous dna or the dna of 10-50 hcmv-infected fibroblasts. random hexanucleotide-primed dna probes lowered these detection limi ... | 1988 | 2851736 |
| biotinylated and radioactive dna probes for detection of varicella-zoster virus genome in infected human cells. | we have developed and compared two dna dot hybridization methodologies with similar probes (radioisotope-labelled and biotin-labelled) to detect varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna in three different cell cultures at varying times post-infection. control cultures included uninfected monolayers of the same cells. cellular dna was isolated by a standard phenol extraction method, after which the dna was quantified, serially diluted and blotted onto nitrocellulose or nylon membranes. the vzv dna probe, ... | 1988 | 2851737 |
| [toxicologic research on the antiherpetic preparation viracin and its effect on fetal development]. | | 1988 | 2851943 |
| demonstration of varicella-zoster virus antigens in the vitreous aspirates of patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | four cases of acute retinal necrosis (arn) syndrome were studied virologically. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) antigen was demonstrated by immunofluorescence in cells from vitreous aspirates of two cases. no herpes simplex virus (hsv) or cytomegalovirus (cmv) antigens were detected by the same technique. antibody to vzv in vitreous fluid was present in two cases; however, it was not detected in sera. although virus isolation was unsuccessful, these findings strongly suggest that vzv may play an im ... | 1988 | 2852337 |
| computer-assisted primary and secondary structure analyses of dna polymerases of herpes simplex, epstein-barr and varicella zoster viruses reveal conserved domains with some homology to dna-binding domain in e. coli dna pol i. | the primary and secondary structure of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), varicella-zoster (vzv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna polymerases was calculated by means of computer programs. the comparison of hsv-1 polymerase (pol) sequence to the known primary and tertiary structure of e. coli dna pol i revealed five short homologous sequences, one of which coincided with the alpha-helical structure of the dna-binding domain of e. coli dna pol. comparison by primary and secondary structure compu ... | 1988 | 2852411 |
| acute profound deafness in ramsay hunt syndrome. two case reports. | two patients with sudden progressive profound hearing loss resulting from ramsay hunt syndrome are reported. case 1: a 63-year-old woman was admitted to jichi medical school hospital with sudden, progressing deafness of the left ear, vertigo, sore throat, and hoarseness. an otoscopic examination revealed the external ear and the tympanic membrane to be normal. pure-tone audiometry revealed profound deafness in the left ear. a horizontal nystagmus in the non-affected direction was observed by gaz ... | 1988 | 2852431 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the acyclic guanosine phosphonate (r,s)-hpmpg. | (r,s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)guanine [(r,s)-hpmpg] exhibits broad spectrum antiviral activity with an ed50 of less than 1 microm against herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and vaccinia in plaque reduction assays. wild type hsv-2 and its thymidine kinase deficient variant are equally sensitive to (r,s)-hpmpg. (r,s)-hpmpg is 100-fold more potent than acyclovir (ed50 = 0.45 microm vs. 44 microm, respectively) against hcmv in ... | 1988 | 2852486 |
| evaluation of varicella-zoster antiviral drugs by a nucleic acid hybridization assay. | a simple nucleic acid hybridization assay was developed for the evaluation of antiviral compounds with activity against varicella-zoster virus. antiviral-induced reduction in varicella-zoster virus dna, as measured by hybridization with 32p-labeled probes, correlated with drug-induced inhibition of viral cytopathic effect in cell culture. three compounds were shown to be more potent than acyclovir at inhibiting varicella-zoster virus in vitro. | 1988 | 2852488 |
| laboratory studies of acute varicella and varicella immune status. | we evaluated varicella-zoster virus (vzv) culture and serum antibody methods utilizing specimens from 620 children enrolled in protocols for prevention or treatment of varicella and samples routinely submitted to the clinical virology laboratory. in a foreskin fibroblast tube culture system, we initially isolated vzv from only 29 (51%) of 57 children cultured on the first day of varicella. after modifying the method, the proportion of culture-positive children increased significantly to 36 (80%) ... | 1988 | 2852574 |
| molecular analysis of the thymidine kinase gene of thymidine kinase-deficient mutants of varicella-zoster virus. | five thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient mutants of varicella-zoster virus derived from the oka vaccine strain were examined to determine the state of transcription of the tk gene, and the dna sequences of two of the mutants and the parent strain were investigated. restriction endonuclease analysis revealed no major alteration of whole genome organization, but did reveal a minor change of the cleaved fragment in size. northern blot analysis showed that the transcripts from the tk gene of all five mu ... | 1988 | 2852653 |
| increased detection rate for varicella-zoster virus with combination of two techniques. | standard cell culture and centrifugation culture were compared for the isolation of varicella-zoster virus from 337 clinical specimens. of a total of 85 (25%) positive specimens, 67 (78.8%) were positive by centrifugation culture alone and 18 (21.2%) were positive by both methods. when epithelial cells from the specimen were included in the vial inoculum, these cells stained positive and increased the varicella-zoster virus detection rate by 30%. | 1988 | 2852678 |
| [interpretation of varicella serology in pregnancy]. | chickenpox during pregnancy may result in a severe, in some cases fatal, generalized infection of the newborn. pregnant women with unknown varicella-zoster-virus (vzv) immunity, who have had contact with an individual infected by chickenpox, should be tested immediately for specific antibodies to vzv. the interpretation of test results may be difficult under certain circumstances. this problem is discussed using individual case studies. | 1988 | 2853094 |
| detection of antibodies to varicella-zoster virus proteins in sera from the elderly. | sera from 40 elderly individuals ranging in age from 60 to 94 years were tested for the presence of antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific proteins. sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of lysates of vzv-infected bsc-1 cells labeled with either [35s]methionine or [3h]mannose and immunoprecipitated with human sera revealed the variable presence of vzv-specific antibodies to four vzv glycoproteins (gpi, gpii, gpiii, and gpiv), and three nonglycosylated pro ... | 1988 | 2851500 |
| [5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine therapy of herpes zoster diseases in patients with malignant primary diseases]. | bvdu [(e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine] has proved effective in the treatment of varicella-zoster virus diseases in patients with malignancies. in 13 out of 20 patients a prompt cessation of new vesicle formation accompanied by rapid resolution of fever, crusting and complete epithelialisation of cutaneous lesions were noted. only in few cases a prolonged recovery from the severe zoster occurred. when starting the treatment later than 48 hours after the onset of initial rash the disseminatio ... | 1988 | 2854331 |
| development and characteristics of oka strain of live varicella vaccine. | | 1988 | 2854352 |
| pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity in simian varicella virus-infected monkeys of (r,s)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl) butyl]guanine, an anti-varicella-zoster virus drug. | the acyclic guanosine analog (r,s)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine, (+/-)2hm-hbg, is an effective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections in vitro. this report is concerned with the pharmacokinetic evaluation of the drug in rats and monkeys and its antiviral activity in african green monkeys infected with simian varicella virus (svv), a virus closely related to varicella-zoster virus that is also susceptible to inhibition by (+/-)2hm-hbg. elimination h ... | 1988 | 2854453 |
| [studies on meningitis phenomena in herpes zoster]. | | 1988 | 2854865 |
| antiherpesvirus activity and mechanism of action of indolo-(2,3-b)quinoxaline and analogs. | the antiherpesvirus activity of 14 derivatives of indoloquinoxaline was tested. the most active was 2,3-dimethyl(dimethylaminoethyl)5h-indolo-(2,3-b)quinoxaline, also called b-220. the antiherpesvirus mechanism of b-220 was sought. the compound inhibited replication of herpes simplex virus type 1, cytomegalovirus, and varicella-zoster virus in tissue culture at concentrations of 1 to 5 microm, depending on the cell type used for assay and the amount of virus. cellular toxicity was seen at a conc ... | 1988 | 2855298 |
| viral activity in skin lesions of herpes zoster. | | 1988 | 2851618 |
| [the gingival findings of herpes zoster]. | | 1987 | 2851628 |
| outbreaks of shingles. | | 1985 | 2865573 |
| an outbreak of shingles? | 7 of 101 staff within one department of a large office complex had shingles, as diagnosed by a general practitioner, within a three-month period. this incidence was significantly greater than that in the remaining workforce. varicella-zoster-specific igm antibody was detected in all 4 cases from whom early convalescent serum samples were obtained but in none of 22 controls. within the index department there was evidence of clustering in time and by work area. a case/control study showed that a r ... | 1985 | 2865576 |
| [clinico-pathological studies on herpes zoster (ii); histologic changes in upper dermis at different stages on herpes zoster]. | | 1988 | 2853800 |
| varicella zoster immunoglobulin to prevent neonatal chickenpox. | | 1986 | 2868370 |
| varicella zoster in the newborn. | | 1986 | 2870256 |
| chickenpox in pregnancy. | | 1986 | 2870383 |
| varicella vaccine: case studies. | a live varicella vaccine (oka strain) has been developed. clinical trials in normal and high-risk children have been carried out successfully in japan, the usa and europe, leading to recent licensing of this vaccine in several countries. characterization of the vaccine and the results of clinical trials are reviewed in this article. | 1985 | 2856380 |
| suppression of persistent varicella-zoster virus infection in vero cells by acyclovir. | persistent infection was established in vero cells inoculated with varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected wi-38 cells. treatment with 9-(2-hydroxy-ethoxymethyl)guanine (acyclovir) at doses of 100, 80, 40, and 10 micrograms/ml eliminated the infectious virus, lower doses such as 0.1 and 0.01 micrograms/ml were ineffective. | 1986 | 2876616 |
| immunisation of nurses with a live varicella vaccine. | 34 nurses who had no previous history of chickenpox and were seronegative to varicella zoster virus (vzv) were immunised with a live attenuated varicella vaccine (oka-rit strain) and followed up for up to 36 months. no major vaccine reactions were observed. at 5 months and at 1 year, 94% of the nurses had seroconverted but at 3 years only 64% had detectable antibody. lymphocyte transformation to vzv antigen tested in seven nurses in whom antibody was no longer detectable gave positive stimulatio ... | 1985 | 2860346 |
| neonatal varicella infection. | | 1986 | 2878305 |
| acyclovir in prophylaxis and perinatal varicella. | | 1987 | 2879995 |
| effect of maternal varicella-zoster virus infection on the outcome of pregnancy and the analysis of transplacental virus transmission. | in result of 20 pregnancies complicated by varicella 11 healthy and 6 defective offspring were born, 2 pregnancies were aborted by the physician and one pregnancy terminated by stillbirth of 3 siblings. laboratory investigation of 16 pregnancies has shown that transplacental transfer of varicella-zoster (vz) virus did not occur in 13 cases (81.2%). in 3 cases transplacental transmission of vz virus was not inconsistent with the laboratory results, clinical course, and epidemiological analysis. i ... | 1986 | 2874730 |
| focus assay for varicella-zoster virus in human embryo cells stained with immunoperoxidase method. | rapid titration of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in human embryonic fibroblasts (hef) based on staining of virus-infected cells by indirect immunoperoxidase technique (ipa) is described. cell monolayers were grown in wells of plastic plates (two different diameters). foci of virus-infected cells as revealed by ipa could be counted either 48 hr post-infection, if cell-associated virus (vzv infected cells) was used as inoculum, or 72 hr p. i. if cell-free virus was used. a linear relationship was o ... | 1986 | 2881466 |
| use of a simple exhaust fan to control airborne transmission of varicella zoster. | | 1986 | 2878037 |
| prevention of varicella by vaccination. | | 1988 | 2896753 |
| varicella-zoster: reactivation or reinfection? | | 1986 | 2867379 |
| varicella-zoster virus igm antibody fraction separated by minicolumn gel filtration in serodiagnosis of acute infection. | gel filtration through sephadex g-200 or ultrogel aca 34 minicolumns was applied to isolate igm antibodies from sera of patients with varicella and herpes zoster (hz). serum samples were stained with sudan iii and evan's blue in order to monitor the separation process visually when running several columns at the same time. the presence of specific igm antibodies was demonstrated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). rapid separation of stained sera by diffusion chromatography on minicolu ... | 1987 | 2883853 |
| genome variation among varicella-zoster virus isolates derived from different individuals and from the same individuals. | we have used 12 restriction enzymes to analyse the dna of 24 clinical isolates of vzv derived from 12 patients in order to compare isolates derived from different individuals and derived serially from the same individual. as reported previously, only a small proportion of the isolates differed with respect to the presence or absence of restriction sites. however, we found that the size of dna fragments generated from all the isolates derived from different patients varied in any of four regions, ... | 1987 | 2880576 |
| demonstration of zoster virus antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid cells. | a method is presented that allows the immunocytochemical detection of varicella zoster virus antigen-binding cerebrospinal fluid cells in zoster ganglionitis. antigen-binding cells were found only in patients suffering from this disease. the technique is sensitive, specific, inexpensive and relatively fast, and is potentially applicable to other inflammatory central nervous system diseases with immunoglobulin-containing cells (icc) in csf. the detection of antigen-binding csf cells may represent ... | 1989 | 2915223 |
| identification and nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein gb gene of equine herpesvirus 4. | the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein gb gene of equine herpesvirus 4 (ehv-4) was determined. the gene was located within a bamhi genomic library by a combination of southern and dot-blot hybridization with probes derived from the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) gb dna sequence. the predominant portion of the coding sequences was mapped to a 2.95-kilobase bamhi-ecori subfragment at the left-hand end of bamhi-c. potential tata box, cat box, and mrna start site sequences and the translat ... | 1989 | 2915378 |
| antiviral activity of 5'-paa and 5'-pfa phosphate esters of 2'-deoxyuridines. | the 5'-paa and 5'-pfa phosphate esters of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (budr) were synthesized and their antiherpes virus activity was evaluated in vitro. both compounds showed activity of the same order as the parent nucleoside, budr, against hsv-2 but were 4 to 12 times less potent against hsv-1. the 5'-paa phosphate ester of budr (ro 21-9875) was also active against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). the 5'-paa phosphate ester of 5-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was ... | 1986 | 2947889 |
| bacterial infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. | a retrospective review of 71 children infected with human immunodeficiency virus cared for over a 3.5-year period revealed that 44 of 71 (63%) required a bacterial culture and 27 of 71 (37%) had bacteriologically documented infection. there were 125 episodes in 27 patients. pneumonia (24 of 125 (19%)), upper respiratory tract syndromes (23 of 125 (19%)), urinary tract infection (24 of 125 (19%)) and wound infection (12 of 125 (10%)) were the most common syndromes identified. bacteremic infection ... | 1988 | 2967948 |
| [acyclovir in the treatment of facial palsy due to zoster virus]. | the varicella zoster virus (vzv) is the cause of 7-10% of the cases of atraumatic facial palsy. in untreated cases, recovery is only partial. out of five patients, treatment with acyclovir resulted in complete recovery after three weeks in four in whom treatment was commenced within three days of the onset of the palsy. in one patient in whom treatment was commenced more than four days after the onset of the palsy, only partial recovery had occurred after one year. | 1989 | 2911904 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection of strain 2 guinea pigs. | weanling strain 2 guinea pigs are susceptible to infection with varicella-zoster virus cultured in embryonic guinea pig tissue. animals inoculated by an intramuscular route develop mononuclear cell viremia that may persist for as long as three weeks. during the period of viremia, virus may be recovered from the nasopharynx and a variety of tissues. in addition, virus may be recovered from neural tissues in the absence of viremia, although infectious virus has not been cultivated from neural tiss ... | 1985 | 2981274 |
| viremia is present in incubation period in nonimmunocompromised children with varicella. | | 1985 | 2981309 |
| use of a bacterial expression vector to map the varicella-zoster virus major glycoprotein gene, gc. | the genome of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) encodes at least three major glycoprotein genes. among viral gene products, the gc gene products are the most abundant glycoproteins and induce a substantial humoral immune response (keller et al., j. virol. 52:293-297, 1984). we utilized two independent approaches to map the gc gene. small fragments of randomly digested vzv dna were inserted into a bacterial expression vector. bacterial colonies transformed by this vector library were screened serologi ... | 1985 | 2981365 |
| virus isolation and immune studies in a cohort of homosexual men. | virus shedding was detected in 77% of homosexual subjects and in only 6% of heterosexual controls. the overall virus isolation rate in homosexual subjects was not significantly different among hiv-seropositive (79%) and hiv-seronegative (74%) individuals. in about 20% of homosexual subjects, virus shedding from multiple sites was observed. the most frequently isolated virus was cytomegalovirus (cmv) (41%), followed by enteroviruses (23%), herpes simplex virus (hsv) (7%), and adenoviruses (6%). i ... | 1988 | 2902192 |
| varicella-zoster virus igg antibodies during primoinfection in competent and transfer factor modulated immunocompromised host: comparison of three indirect assays. | ten patients with acute leukaemia and next three with hodgkin's or non-hodgkin's lymphoma, suffering from varicella-zoster-virus (vzv) primoinfection, were given 1 to 2 doses of ultrafiltrate of the human leukocytes lysate (llu) containing transfer factor (tf) activity (1 dose being equivalent to the product of 10(8) leukocytes). only llu administered to patients with acute lymphocytic leukaemia (all) at early phases of the illness (days 1 and 2) displayed a notable benefit on the clinical cours ... | 1988 | 2902772 |
| t-cell imbalances and nk activity in varicella-zoster virus infections. | samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbmc) were serially obtained from 30 patients with herpes zoster (hz) and 10 patients with chickenpox (cp). cells were assayed for nk-cell function and for the expression of surface membrane antigens which identify t-cell and nk-cell subsets. during the acute phase of disease (less than 7 days from onset), pbmc from patients with hz had low proportions of t-helper (cd 4+) cells and a large number of t-suppressor (cd 8+) cells, resulting in a low t-helper/ ... | 1987 | 2978454 |
| herpes zoster following varicella vaccine in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia. | | 1985 | 2982006 |
| fulminant varicella hepatitis following bone marrow transplantation. | | 1985 | 2982045 |
| [diagnostic antibody tests for the detection of central nervous system diseases caused by herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses]. | | 1985 | 2982121 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of endothelial, epithelial, and fibroblast cells induces a receptor for c3b. | we recently demonstrated that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) induces a receptor on human umbilical vein endothelial cells for complement component c3b (c3br). we assigned this receptor function to hsv 1 viral glycoprotein c (gc) based on several observations: tunicamycin, which prevents glycosylation and expression of n-linked glycoproteins on the surface of infected cells, markedly reduced expression of the c3br; monoclonal antibodies to hsv 1 gc blocked detection of the c3br, whereas mono ... | 1985 | 2982950 |
| newer directions in vaccine development and utilization. | the gradually evolving technology for vaccine development from jenner to recombinant genetics has provided both solid accomplishment and possible bases for prophylactic control of essentially all the infectious diseases of humans. the present review gives a prospective view of future vaccines and the new biotechnology as illustrated mainly in the examples of vaccines for control of hepatitis and of herpesvirus infections. although vaccines offer great benefit for human health, their use is restr ... | 1985 | 2982958 |
| use of enzyme-labeled antigen for the detection of immunoglobulin m and a antibody to herpes simplex virus in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. | a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa that used peroxidase-labeled antigen) was developed for detection of igm and iga antibody to herpes simplex virus (hsv). the assay uses immuno-affinity-purified antihuman igm or iga antibody-coated wells of microtiter plates to separate igm or iga from other classes of antibody in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (csf). the presence of specific igm or iga is detected by subsequent, consecutive incubation with peroxidase-labeled antigen and substrate. ... | 1985 | 2983012 |
| long-term persistence of intrathecal virus-specific antibody responses after herpes simplex virus encephalitis. | paired sera and cerebrospinal fluids (csf) from nine surviving patients were collected 4.5 to 8 years after acute herpes simplex (hs) virus encephalitis. oligoclonal bands of igg were detected in the csf of all, and seven patients had an elevated csf igg index. antibodies to hs, varicella-zoster (vz), measles, and cytomegalo viruses were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by imprint immunofixation (iif) of specimens separated by electrophoresis and by thin-layer electrofoc ... | 1985 | 2983032 |