Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [application of pcr to dna diagnosis and molecular epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infection]. | 1992 | 1328707 | |
| [the detection of vzv dna by in situ hybridization using biotin-labeled dna probe]. | 1992 | 1328708 | |
| comparison of immunocytology to tissue culture for diagnosis of presumed herpesvirus dendritic epithelial keratitis. | the objective of this study is to prospectively compare the sensitivity and specificity of immunodetection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in impression cytology specimens obtained directly from presumed herpesvirus dendritic epithelial keratitis with virus isolation by tissue culture of cells scraped from the same lesion. | 1992 | 1328982 |
| retinal toxicity of 6-methoxypurine arabinoside (ara-m). a new selective and potent inhibitor of varicella-zoster virus. | the toxicity of a new antiviral agent, 6-methoxypurine arabinoside (ara-m), as a selective and potent inhibitor against varicella-zoster virus, was investigated after intravitreal injection in rabbit eyes. intravitreal doses of ara-m ranging from 20 micrograms to 400 micrograms produced no retinal toxicity, as assessed by electroretinography and light and transmission electron microscopy. these data suggest a potential role for intravitreal ara-m in the antiviral treatment of varicella-zoster vi ... | 1992 | 1329170 |
| [value of interferon alpha determination in the diagnosis of meningoencephalitis presumed to be of viral origin]. | quantitative determination of alpha interferon (ifn) is used as an early marker in viral encephalitis. ifn is detected during 10 days following the onset of clinical symptoms. in 26 patients (11 children from 1 day to 6 year old and 15 adults from 17 to 70 year old) with central nervous system disorders (15 meningo-encephalitis, 5 meningitis, 1 myelitis, 1 polyradiculoneuritis, 1 dementia, 1 epilepsy and 2 other), alpha ifn is quantified using a cytopathic effect inhibition assay of vsv on mdbk ... | 1992 | 1329171 |
| [varicella and pregnancy]. | 1992 | 1329173 | |
| the varicella-zoster virus immediate early protein, ie62, can positively regulate its cognate promoter. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is a neurotropic alphaherpes virus closely related to herpes simplex virus (hsv). however, unlike its close relative hsv, vzv lacks a functional alpha-tif (alpha-gene transinducing factor) that activates the transcription of immediate early genes during the initial events of the virus life cycle. hence, in the absence of a functional alpha-tif, the mechanism triggering the expression of immediate early genes in vzv at present remains unclear. accumulating evidence in ... | 1992 | 1329324 |
| serine protein kinase associated with varicella-zoster virus orf 47. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) orf 47 lies in the unique long region of the vzv genome. sequence homology studies have demonstrated that gene 47 possessed conserved protein kinase motifs. in this study, we investigated the properties of the orf 47 product. first, a rabbit antiserum was raised against a protein generated from the fusion of the most antigenic orf 47 domain with escherichia coli beta-galactosidase. the high-titer antiserum reacted specifically with orf 47 polypeptides translated in v ... | 1992 | 1329339 |
| identification and expression of the ul1 gene product of equine herpesvirus 1. | sequences encoding the ul1 gene of equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) are conserved in the genome of ehv-1 defective interfering particles (dips) that mediate oncogenic transformation and persistent infection. the ul1 protein was identified by in vitro transcription/translation and hybrid-arrest translation analyses which employed a ul1/pgem-3z construct designated pgeml1. sds-page analyses of in vitro translation products synthesized from ul1-specific rna revealed that the ul1 orf encodes a 30 k ... | 1992 | 1329372 |
| persistently high antibody titers and deficient specific cellular immunity to varicella-zoster virus in a retarded patient after varicella infection. | we report on a 19 month old female who has been retarded developmentally after a severe varicella infection contracted from her mother 4 months after delivery. her titer of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) igg antibody has been remarkably high for 4 years after the infection. natural killer activity and the specific cellular immunity to vzv, as tested by delayed type hypersensitivity skin test and lymphocyte-proliferation assay, were impaired. she had an improvement of ataxia and then progressed dev ... | 1992 | 1329433 |
| comparison of antiviral assay methods using cell-free and cell-associated varicella-zoster virus. | assay methods for varicella-zoster virus (vzv) susceptibility to acyclovir (acv) of vzv were compared by using cell-free (cf) and cell-associated (ca) virus of 6 x plaque-purified vzv. the 50% effective doses (ed50) of acv, as required to reduce virus plaque formation by 50%, were about 8 times higher for ca virus than for cf virus. also, the ed50 of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-(e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (bvarau) for ca-vzv was higher than for cf-vzv, and fresh clinical isolates of vzv gave higher ... | 1992 | 1329651 |
| flow cytometric analysis of effects of cytokines on the expression of varicella-zoster virus glycoproteins. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected human embryonic fibroblast (hef) cells were stained with monoclonal antibodies directed against vzv glycoprotein i, ii and iv, and then labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated goat anti-mouse igg. the cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. vzv-infected cells expressing vzv glycoproteins were clearly distinguished from uninfected cells. this method was useful for analyzing expression of vzv glycoproteins in different experimental conditions. ... | 1992 | 1329652 |
| viral infections. | viral infections may cause serious morbidity as well as death in elderly patients. of the rna viruses, influenza virus is the most important pathogen; the majority of influenza-related deaths occur in older patients. respiratory syncytial virus appears to be gaining increasing importance in elderly persons. herpes zoster or shingles is caused by the dna virus, varicella-zoster virus, and its major morbidity in older patients is postherpetic neuralgia. | 1992 | 1330279 |
| delayed onset of varicella keratitis. | although varicella is one of the most common infectious diseases in the united states, systemic and ocular complications are rare. we report a patient who developed disciform edema followed by microdendritic keratitis 1 and 2 months, respectively, after resolution of the acute phase of varicella. cultures were negative, but serologic analysis found positive antibodies against varicella zoster virus and negative antibodies against herpes simplex virus. based on this case and on a review of the li ... | 1992 | 1330439 |
| [immunization of healthy children with measles-mumps-rubella trivalent vaccine simultaneously given with varicella vaccine]. | trivalent vaccine, containing measles td97, rubella tcrb-19 and mumps nk-m46 strains (mmr vaccine) was administered to a total of 116 healthy children of which 50 subjects were simultaneously injected with varicella vaccine in the opposite arm. the seroconversion rates for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in those who received both mmr and varicella vaccines (mmr + v group) were 100% (44/44), 91% (39/43), 100% (46/46) and 95% (39/41), respectively. and these rates were comparable to those ... | 1992 | 1331262 |
| the pseudorabies virus homology of the herpes simplex virus ul21 gene product is a capsid protein which is involved in capsid maturation. | we mutagenized, mapped, and sequenced the pseudorabies virus (prv) homology of gene ul21 of herpes simplex virus type 1. a polyclonal mouse antiserum against the protein encoded by the ul21 homolog was generated and used to monitor the expression and subcellular localization of the ul21-encoded protein. we found that the protein is identical to a previously detected prv capsid protein. we analyzed viable prv strains encoding mutant ul21 homologys, truncated by insertion of an oligonucleotide tha ... | 1992 | 1331512 |
| antibodies to varicella-zoster virus modulate antigen distribution but fail to induce viral persistence in vitro. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) persists in human sensory ganglia. one of the hypotheses to explain the induction or the maintenance of vzv latency is that it could be promoted by the immune response itself. it is known that in the case of viruses which bud off the infected cell membrane, virus-specific antibodies can induce antigenic modulation, i.e., spatial redistribution of viral antigens and modulation of their synthesis. to determine whether antigenic modulation occurs during vzv infection in ... | 1992 | 1331534 |
| transmission of infectious diseases in children. | a rational approach to the control of pediatric infectious diseases requires an appreciation of their epidemiology and mechanisms of transmission. the setting in which the exposure occurs may have a major influence on the risk of infection. unfortunately, the epidemiology of many important pediatric pathogens is complex and incompletely understood. recent advances in diagnostic microbiology and molecular epidemiology may help to solve some of the remaining riddles. | 1992 | 1332011 |
| viral pneumonia in the immunocompromised adult with neoplastic disease: the role of common community respiratory viruses. | until recently, the viruses most often identified in lower respiratory tract infections among immunocompromised adults with neoplastic disease have been the herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, human herpesvirus-6) and adenovirus. these viral pneumonias occur with greater frequency and/or severity among these adults than among immunocompetent adults. during the last decade, mounting evidence has suggested that the rna viruses that commonly cause lower res ... | 1992 | 1332171 |
| identification of varicella zoster virus infection. | 1992 | 1332481 | |
| polymerase chain reaction for the detection of the varicella-zoster genome in ocular samples from patients with acute retinal necrosis. | we used the polymerase chain reaction to detect the virus genome in ocular samples from patients with clinically diagnosed acute retinal necrosis. four samples from four patients with acute retinal necrosis, and five samples from three patients with other ocular diseases (sarcoidosis, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and epiretinal membrane of unknown origin) were evaluated. the samples consisted of aqueous humor, vitreous, or subretinal fluid. primers were specific for varicella-zoster virus, ... | 1992 | 1332482 |
| improved synthesis and biological evaluation of an acyclic thiosangivamycin active against human cytomegalovirus. | we previously described the synthesis and in vitro antiviral activity of an acyclic thiosangivamycin analog (gupta et al., 1989a). in order to extend these initial studies, a new, multi-gram synthesis of 4-amino-7-[(2-hydroxy- ethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo]2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-thiocarboxamide (compound 229) was achieved in 5 steps from the known 5-amino-2-bromo-3,4-dicyanopyrrole in good overall yield. in plaque reduction assays with hcmv, compound 229 had an ic50 of 7 microm; in yield reduction assays th ... | 1992 | 1332597 |
| varicella-zoster virus encephalitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: report of four cases. | four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, a 27-year-old female intravenous drug abuser and three males (two drug addicts aged 27 and 33 years and a 40-year-old homosexual) presented with a rapidly progressive encephalopathy. two had generalized varicella-zoster virus skin infection, one had had a regressive thoracic zoster rash 7 months previously and one had no history of cutaneous eruption. neuropathological examination revealed, in each case, multifocal necrotic changes with nume ... | 1992 | 1333572 |
| readers comment on "herpes zoster ophthalmicus". | 1992 | 1333645 | |
| infectivity determinants encoded in a conserved gene block of human herpesvirus-6. | the nucleotide sequence was determined for a 9.3 kb bamhi dna fragment derived from a cosmid clone (lorist 6) library of the 160 kb human herpesvirus-6 (hhv-6) strain u1102 genome. analysis of the sequence showed two different sources for the dna; 8.0 kb was derived from hhv-6, while 1.3 kb was derived from the right repeat of transposon tn10, the insertion sequence (is) element is10r. the is element sequence is shown to be derived from the host bacteria of the plasmid. the hhv-6 sequence repres ... | 1992 | 1333836 |
| viral keratitis. | viruses that affect the cornea produce changes that range from benign, self-limited conjunctivitis to sight-threatening scarring and vascularization of the cornea. in this article, the forms of viral keratitis most commonly encountered by the clinician are reviewed. the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of infection by herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and the adenoviruses are discussed. also included are other viral infections of the cornea. | 1992 | 1334105 |
| case report: detection of varicella-zoster virus dna in maternal breast milk. | a 27-year-old woman developed chickenpox postpartum. her 2-month-old son who was breast fed also acquired chickenpox 16 days after the onset of the mother's illness. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna was detected in maternal breast milk by the polymerase chain reaction. these results suggest that transmission of vzv may occur via maternal breast milk. | 1992 | 1334125 |
| [acute meningitis caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus without cutaneous lesions. contribution to the serologic diagnosis]. | 1992 | 1334174 | |
| sequence analyses of three immunoglobulin g anti-virus antibodies reveal their utilization of autoantibody-related immunoglobulin vh genes, but not v lambda genes. | accumulated sequence analyses of the antibody repertoire have revealed that most autoantibodies and developmentally regulated antibodies share a small set of germline ig-variable region (v) genes. the findings have prompted speculation that certain autoantibodies are of developmental importance and may be instrumental in maintaining homeostasis of the adult antibody repertoire. in order to evaluate this hypothesis critically, it is first necessary to determine the v gene usage in human antibodie ... | 1992 | 1334971 |
| current status and prospects of live varicella vaccine. | since its development in 1974 the oka strain live attenuated varicella vaccine has been tested in healthy and immunocompromised adults and children. its safety and efficacy have been established and it is now licensed for general use in japan and korea, and for immunocompromised patients in several other countries. possibilities for the future include its use to prevent zoster in the elderly, its incorporation in a multivalent vaccine and its use as a vehicle to express foreign genes in recombin ... | 1992 | 1335196 |
| the ir3 gene of equine herpesvirus type 1: a unique gene regulated by sequences within the intron of the immediate-early gene. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the inverted repeat component (ir; 12,776 bp each) of the genome of equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) has been determined. transcription analyses have revealed that the ehv-1 ir sequence encodes at least 6 genes. in this report, we present the dna sequence and transcriptional characterization of a gene (ir3) that maps entirely within the ir sequences. the ir3 open reading frame (orf) is located between nucleotides (nt) 6123-6411 of the ir sequence and possesse ... | 1992 | 1335300 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of herpesvirus glycoprotein phosphorylation sites by recombination polymerase chain reaction. | 1992 | 1335326 | |
| [detection of varicella zoster virus infections using polymerase chain reaction]. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect varicella zoster virus (vzv) dna in vesicle samples from patients with varicella and zoster. primers and the oligonucleotide probe were chosen from the region of the immediate early gene 63. procedures for preparing the dna from the specimens were omitted, and the amplified dna was directly detected in ethidium bromide-stained polyacrylamide or agarose gels, thus providing a rapid and less laborious assay. a total of 66 vesicle specimens inc ... | 1992 | 1335444 |
| replication of varicella zoster virus in primary human keratinocytes. | the ability of varicella zoster virus (vzv) to infect and replicate in human keratinocytes in culture was examined. primary human keratinocytes derived from the abdomen, breast, and foreskin were plated as monolayers and infected by co-cultivation with vzv infected fibroblasts (mrc-5 cells). replication and spread of the virus was assayed by plaque assay and immunofluorescence of infected cells using a vzv specific monoclonal antibody. although all three types of keratinocytes tested were capabl ... | 1992 | 1335482 |
| a prospective study of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpes simplex virus in cerebrospinal fluid submitted to the clinical virology laboratory. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was prospectively performed with cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 51 patients whose csf was available for analysis and was submitted for viral culture and/or herpes simplex virus (hsv) serology and 20 patients whose csf was submitted exclusively to the clinical biochemistry laboratory. primers were used that flanked a 92 bp segment of the hsv dna polymerase gene (35 cycles). amplified products were electrophoresed on agarose gel, blotted onto nylon membrane, and pro ... | 1992 | 1335547 |
| igg paraproteins in neurological diseases: lack of association with neurotropic viral/bacterial antigens. | in this study we tested the hypothesis that igg paraproteins in neurological diseases might be regarded as an anti-idiotypic response raised by a nervous system antigen associated with certain neurotropic agents. after initial elisa screen, positive samples from 34 neurological patients who had paraproteins in their csf and serum on routine ief investigation, were tested by immunoblot technique for the presence of specific monoclonal immunoglobulin g (igg) against eight different neurotropic ant ... | 1992 | 1336294 |
| mode of antiviral action of penciclovir in mrc-5 cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, and varicella-zoster virus. | the metabolism and mode of action of penciclovir [9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylbut-1-yl)guanine; brl 39123] were studied and compared with those of acyclovir. in uninfected mrc-5 cells, low concentrations of the triphosphates of penciclovir and acyclovir were occasionally just detectable, the limit of detection being about 1 pmol/10(6) cells. in contrast, in cells infected with either herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) or varicella-zoster virus (vzv), penciclovir was phosphorylated quickly to gi ... | 1992 | 1336346 |
| ocular manifestations of the congenital varicella-zoster syndrome. | the congenital varicella syndrome is a rare disorder in which affected infants developed characteristic ocular and systemic manifestations. we present an infant who showed this syndrome, following maternal varicella during pregnancy. the infant had low birth weight, cicatricial skin lesions, limb contractures, hypotonia, areflexia and chorioretinal scarring. fetal infection was demonstrated with the presence of varicella-zoster-specific igm in the baby. | 1992 | 1336591 |
| search for evidence of herpes simplex virus, type 1, or varicella-zoster virus infection in postmortem brain tissue from schizophrenic patients. | the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to search for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-i) or varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in the dna extracted from postmortem temporal cortex samples of 8 schizophrenic subjects, 8 nonschizophrenic suicide victims and 8 normal controls. hsv-i or vzv-specific dna amplification was not detected in any of the samples studied. | 1992 | 1336636 |
| [therapy of post-herpetic neuralgia. pain therapy using an anti-varicella zoster immunoglobulin]. | after remission of the dermatological symptoms of herpes zoster infection, post-zoster neuralgia (pzn) can persist or recur for months and years. most frequently, satisfactory therapy of pzn is not possible. during recent years the persistence of viruses on the surface of neuronal cells has been discussed as the possible reason for chronic pain. virostatic therapy as well as polyvalent 7s-igg-immunoglobulins exerted a minimal effect on the pain level. in an open trial we therefore used a specifi ... | 1992 | 1336934 |
| diagnosis and management of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | the acute retinal necrosis (arn) syndrome is an increasingly occurring entity characterized by the triad of acute confluent peripheral retinitis with papillitis and anterior-chamber uveitis. we present case reports on four patients (age, 12-65 years) with an arn syndrome caused by herpes simplex or varicella zoster virus and discuss diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. immediate antiviral therapy in three patients exhibiting the typical clinical features reduced the intraocular inflammation. h ... | 1992 | 1337004 |
| sonographic evaluation of pregnancies with maternal varicella infection. | we reviewed 37 cases of mothers who had varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection during early pregnancy, who subsequently underwent fetal sonography in the 13th to 37th week of gestation. of the five infants later shown to have congenital varicella infection at postnatal examination (1 case) or autopsy (4 cases), all showed ultrasonographic abnormalities suggesting infection, and all died by 4 months of age. none of the 32 unaffected infants demonstrated in utero ultrasonographic abnormalities. no ... | 1992 | 1337112 |
| detection of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus dna by field-inversion gel electrophoresis from clinical materials. | a simple method using field-inversion gel electrophoresis (fige) was applied to detect herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) genomes in clinical specimens. the whole genomes of these viruses could be detected in small vesicle tissues by the fige method regardless of their clinical stages of skin lesions. and the sensitivity of the fige method was equivalent to that of an immunofluorescent (if) method. these data indicated usefulness of the fige method to detect the whole ge ... | 1992 | 1337135 |
| the genomes of simian varicella virus and varicella zoster virus are colinear. | simian varicella virus (svv) causes an exanthematous disease in non-human primates which is clinically similar to varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection of humans. in this study, the genetic relatedness of svv and vzv was confirmed and the location of svv dna sequences homologous to vzv restriction endonuclease (re) fragments and viral genes was determined. vzv dna re fragments representing 98.3% of the vzv genome were 32p-labeled and hybridized to re digested, immobilized svv dna. homologous se ... | 1992 | 1337232 |
| ménière's disease and antibody reactivity to herpes simplex virus type 1 polypeptides. | it has been reported that the inner ear is capable of responding to antigen challenge. in this study, we have investigated the antibody reactivity to herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) proteins in sera from patients with ménière's disease. | 1992 | 1337422 |
| herpesviral fc receptors and their relationship to the human fc receptors. | nearly two decades ago, it was observed that cells infected with herpes simplex virus (hsv) acquired an igg fc binding activity. the properties of the viral fc receptor (fcr) have now been characterized by several laboratories. the fc binding activity appears on the surface of the infected cell prior to formation of progeny virions. the fcr induced by hsv has been identified as the hsv glycoprotein, ge. when hsv ge forms a complex with a second hsv glycoprotein, gi, the receptor binds igg with h ... | 1992 | 1337547 |
| latency in vitro of varicella-zoster virus in cells derived from human fetal dorsal root ganglia. | a potential in vitro model of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) latency was developed. dissociated human dorsal root ganglion cultures were infected with vzv and maintained for 1 wk in the presence of bromovinyl arabinosyl uracil, a potent inhibitor of vzv. seven to 21 d after removing the inhibitor (> or = 14 d after infection), the cells were trypsinized, passed to monolayers of human embryonic lung fibroblasts, and observed for vzv reactivation as indicated by typical cytopathic effects and the ap ... | 1992 | 1337586 |
| [clinical varicella-zoster virus reinfection observed in two advanced-age persons]. | we observed two mild varicella cases of an advanced-age man and woman, although varicella in the adult generally presents a more severe course than in the child. the cases had been exposed to his great-grandchild and her grandchild with varicella in their home. they did not experience neuralgia as is typical from herpes zoster. serological examinations revealed that they had high igg-antibodies (ab) against varicella-zoster virus (vzv), but low anti-vzv igm-ab. they were also found to have a hig ... | 1992 | 1338086 |
| gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. | 1992 | 1338969 | |
| [does arthritis due to varicella zoster virus exist?]. | occurrence of monoarthritis or oligoarthritis during the course of zoster is exceedingly rare (three previously reported cases). in the additional case reported herein, an immunocompetent female exhibited oligoarthritis (right shoulder followed by two metacarpophalangeal joints in her right hand) a few days before developing a typical zoster eruption in the ipsilateral upper limb. pathogenesis of zoster-related arthritis is discussed. the most likely hypothesis is infection of the joint via the ... | 1992 | 1339123 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction products from vaccine and wild-type varicella-zoster virus isolates. | the nucleotide changes that result in two restriction endonuclease polymorphisms that differentiate wild-type varicella-zoster virus (vzv) from the vaccine strain were determined. oligonucleotide primers that flank these sites were used to amplify the intervening sequences with the polymerase chain reaction to identify vzv dna in clinical isolates. restriction enzyme digestion of the amplification products distinguished vaccine and wild-type genomes from one another. this study confirms the feas ... | 1992 | 1346169 |
| specific lysis of targets expressing varicella-zoster virus gpi or gpiv by cd4+ human t-cell clones. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific cd4-positive t cells are known to lyse targets expressing vzv antigen, but little is known of the glycoprotein specificity or phenotype of these cells. to test the ability of t cells to distinguish between gpi and gpiv (which share an antibody-defined epitope), we prepared clones from blood from four healthy individuals by limiting dilution. among 68 t-cell clones from four donors which were vzv specific in tests of proliferation, 30 lysed autologous epstein ... | 1992 | 1348545 |
| transmission of chickenpox to two intensive care unit nurses from a liver transplant patient with zoster. | 1992 | 1348758 | |
| the 1st international conference on the varicella-zoster virus. harriman, new york, 29-31 october 1991. | 1992 | 1352533 | |
| [varicella-zoster virus infection after peripheral blood stem cell autografts in children with leukemia or non-hodgkin's lymphoma]. | thirty-two patients with leukemia or non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) who underwent high-dose chemotherapy without total body irradiation (tbi) and peripheral blood stem cell autografts (pbsct) were evaluated for the occurrence of clinically manifested varicella-zoster virus infection (vzv). in a minimum follow-up of 3 mo, there were 14 cases with vzv; 12 patients were treated with intravenous acyclovir and 2 patients received additional intravenous vzv hyperimmune immunoglobulin preparations. histo ... | 1992 | 1359169 |
| long-term acyclovir prophylaxis for prevention of varicella zoster virus infection after autologous blood stem cell transplantation in patients with acute leukemia. | twenty-one adult patients with acute leukemia who underwent autologous blood stem cell transplantation (absct) and who received acyclovir during the first 6 months after transplant to prevent varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection were studied retrospectively to determine the incidence and outcome of vzv infection after absct. the cumulative risk of vzv infection was 32% by 1 year after transplant. no patient developed vzv while on prophylactic acyclovir but five (24%) had localized herpes zoste ... | 1992 | 1362686 |
| varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 61 protein is functionally homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 icp0. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein is thought to be the homolog of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) icp0, based on gene location and limited amino acid homology. however, hsv-1 icp0 trans activates hsv-1 genes, while vzv orf61 protein trans represses the function of vzv trans activators on vzv promoters in transient expression assays. to investigate the functional relatedness of hsv-1 icp0 and vzv orf61 protein, we established vero and mewo cell lines which ... | 1992 | 1366099 |
| icp22 homolog of equine herpesvirus 1: expression from early and late promoters. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the short region, made up of a unique segment (us; 6.5 kb) bracketed by a pair of inverted repeat sequences (ir; 12.8 kb each), of the equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) genome has been determined recently in our laboratory. analysis of the ir segment revealed a major open reading frame (orf) designated ir4. the ir4 orf exhibits significant homology to the immediate-early gene us1 (icp22) of herpes simplex virus type 1 and to the icp22 homologs of varicella-zoster v ... | 1992 | 1370553 |
| therapeutic approaches to varicella-zoster virus infections. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections, the cause of chickenpox and shingles, are usually benign but are associated with morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised hosts. significant advances have been achieved in the treatment of vzv infections. in immunocompromised patients, both vidarabine and acyclovir have proved useful for the therapy of chickenpox and herpes zoster. acyclovir, administered intravenously, is the treatment of choice for these infections. both chickenpox and h ... | 1992 | 1378081 |
| molecular mimicry and the autoimmune response to the peripheral nerve myelin p0 glycoprotein. | in the lewis rat immunisation with the myelin p0 glycoprotein can induce an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system, experimental allergic neuritis (ean), which has many clinical and histopathological parallels with the human disease the guillain-barre syndrome. in view of the reported association of gbs with a number of infectious agents we have investigated whether "molecular mimicry" may occur between microbial antigens and the p0 protein that could possibly trigge ... | 1992 | 1383842 |
| natural history of varicella zoster virus. | the varicella zoster virus (vzv) is a herpesvirus responsible for two distinct clinical disorders, primary varicella (chickenpox) and zoster (shingles). primary varicella is a common childhood disease in western countries, which presents as pruritic macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, and crusts, usually on the back, chest, face, and abdomen. in immunocompetent children, chickenpox is generally a mild disease with little morbidity and rare mortality. primary varicella is associated with more m ... | 1992 | 1390036 |
| rational use of acyclovir in the treatment of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus infections. | the herpes family of viruses establishes latent infection in neurons and produces a spectrum of acute and recurrent clinical disease. therapies to terminate the neurolatency or to enhance host responses are not yet available. current therapy consists of antiviral drugs, which interfere with viral replication, can favorably alter the signs and symptoms of symptomatic disease, and act as prophylaxis against recurrent disease. because the severity of acute and recurrent herpes group infection varie ... | 1992 | 1390038 |
| [varicella-zoster virus-associated spinal myoclonus without skin lesions]. | a 50-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of abnormal involuntary movement of upper abdomen. three months before admission, she had suffered from left lateral chest pain without skin lesions for one week. the neurological examination on admission revealed myoclonus of upper abdomen, and hyperalgesia and thermohyperesthesia from t4 to t9. there was no weakness, the tendon reflexes were symmetrical and the plantar responses were flexor. the surface emg disclosed the symmetrical, syn ... | 1992 | 1395336 |
| the tzanck smear: can dermatologists accurately interpret it? | the tzanck preparation is a standard technique for the rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections. | 1992 | 1401275 |
| initial low cd4 lymphocyte counts in recent human immunodeficiency virus infection and lack of association with identified coinfections. | initial cd4 lymphocyte counts were studied in 244 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroconversion. the cd4 cell counts at initial presentation after seroconversion were normally distributed (mean, 579/mm3; sd, 252). the mean percentage of cd4 cells was 26.1% (sd, 5.6). cd4 cell counts were < 500/mm3 in 41% and < 200/mm3 in 4%. the mean calculated duration of hiv infection was 7.7 months, which was not significantly different between the highest and lowest cd4 count quartiles (8.1 ... | 1992 | 1402028 |
| acyclovir in the treatment of chickenpox. | although chickenpox is a highly contagious disease affecting 90% of susceptible persons exposed, its morbidity and mortality in healthy patients is minimal. treatment of chickenpox with oral acyclovir appears to decrease the number of pox lesions and shorten the duration of new lesion formation. most importantly, children treated with acyclovir begin to feel better soon and had fewer systemic signs and symptoms of chickenpox (fever, fatigue, loss of appetite). however, the greatest mortality fro ... | 1992 | 1408423 |
| [case of adult primary varicella pneumonia]. | we report a case of adult primary varicella pneumonia. a 34-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever, dry cough and eruptions. he had no history of chicken pox and his sons had contracted varicella 2 weeks before the onset of his symptoms. chest x-ray showed diffuse nodular shadows in both lungs. the diagnosis of primary varicella pneumonia was made based on family history, typical eruptions and high titer of antibody against varicella zoster virus. an electron micrograph indicated t ... | 1992 | 1434232 |
| early diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis in aids patients by dot blot hybridization analysis. | central nervous system toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening infection with a mortality rate of higher than 60%. an early and rapid diagnosis is important for effective treatment of the disease. a new approach for detection of cerebral toxoplasmosis is described here. dnas extracted from cells in cerebrospinal fluid samples (0.3 to 0.8 ml) of patients suspected of having cerebral toxoplasmosis were analyzed by a dot blot hybridization technique. a highly repetitive dna sequence of toxoplasma gondi ... | 1992 | 1452719 |
| [prevention of fetal and neonatal transmission of the varicella-zoster virus]. | varicella occurs in 0.7 to 0.13% of pregnant women. the risk of transmission of the varicella-zoster virus to the fetus is small. the virus causes malformations (cutaneous scars and above all central nervous system anomalies). mother-to-offspring transmission is more common during the perinatal period (20%), when mild or severe (fatal in 20% of cases) congenital varicella may occur. prevention of transmission of the varicella-zoster virus from the mother to her fetus or neonate rests on detectio ... | 1992 | 1480409 |
| [chickenpox and schönlein-henoch purpura: a report of a case with nephropathy]. | authors describe a child affected by chickenpox, schönlein-henoch purpura and nephropathy. the ecchymotic lesions were diffused in buttocks and legs and they were associated with vesicular haemorrhagic injury in the back of hands and in pavilions of the ears. they suggest that varicella-zoster virus can play a "trigger" role in etiopathogenesis of schönlein-henoch purpura and that this syndrome worsens the renal failure. steroids don't improve the renal disease in the acute phase but they seem t ... | 1992 | 1488314 |
| molecular analysis of simian varicella virus dna. | clinical and pathological studies indicate that simian varicella virus (svv) infection in primates is the counterpart of human varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection. the svv and vzv genomes are also similar in size and structure. to extend studies of svv dna, we analyzed virus dna from african green monkey kidney cells infected with the delta-herpes-virus strain of svv. the infectivity of svv dna was 88 pfu/micrograms. the buoyant density of svv dna, determined by isopycnic banding in cscl grad ... | 1992 | 1519354 |
| acyclovir monotherapy versus acyclovir plus beta-interferon in focal viral encephalitis in children. | severe focal viral encephalitis is most commonly caused by herpes simplex virus (hsv), but other viruses may act as etiologic agents as well. acyclovir (acv) is the standard therapy for hsv encephalitis, but the mortality of 28% and defect healing rate of about 35% are still unsatisfactory. furthermore, acv has virtually no effect on other pathogens of viral encephalitis, except for varicella-zoster virus (vzv). it is well known that beta-interferon (beta-ifn) has a broad antiviral spectrum, and ... | 1992 | 1521886 |
| prevalence of varicella-zoster virus infection in singapore. | the incidence of chickenpox in singapore has been increasing since 1984. a seroepidemiological survey was conducted in 1989-90 to determine the prevalence of varicella-zoster virus-specific igg antibody in the healthy population in singapore aged from 6 months to over 45 years. overall, 42.8% of 500 samples assayed qualitatively by the elisa method were positive, with less than one fifth of those aged under 15 years and less than half of the 15-24 year olds possessing antibody to the virus. howe ... | 1992 | 1523475 |
| [fatal varicella pneumonia unresponsive to acyclovir therapy in a child with a malignancy]. | acyclovir has become the drug of choice for prevention of visceral dissemination of varicella-zoster virus infections in immunocompromised individuals. this article describes a 6-year-old girl taking cytotoxic therapy and radiotherapy for treatment of hodgkin lymphoma who developed cutaneous varicella infection. despite the early administration of acyclovir a fatal varicella pneumonia occurred and she died on the 4th day of hospitalization. since the resistance is inducible, the increase of unre ... | 1992 | 1528147 |
| disseminated herpes zoster in the immunocompromised host: a comparative trial of acyclovir and vidarabine. the niaid collaborative antiviral study group. | seventy-three immunocompromised patients with disseminated herpes zoster were evaluated in a double-blind controlled trial of acyclovir (n = 37) versus vidarabine (n = 36) therapy. acyclovir was administered at 30 mg/kg/day at 8-h intervals and vidarabine was given as a continuous 12-h infusion at 10 mg/kg/day for 7 days (longer if resolution of cutaneous or visceral disease was incomplete). no demographic differences existed between treatment groups. no deaths attributable to varicella-zoster v ... | 1992 | 1538151 |
| management of varicella-zoster virus infection during pregnancy and the peripartum. | this paper reviews the important concepts about varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection, varicella (chickenpox), and herpes zoster (shingles, zoster) during pregnancy and the peripartum period. the majority of the u.s. population has had chickenpox during childhood, leaving only about 10% of adults over the age of 15 susceptible to the virus. however, nonimmune adults, including pregnant women, are at greater risk for complications and mortality when they contract varicella. the virus is also ter ... | 1992 | 1538264 |
| [antiviral drug therapy of infections caused by herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses]. | herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 may cause painful mucocutaneous lesions in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients. indications for the use of acyclovir (acv) are reviewed. in the second part the management of infections caused by varicella-zoster virus are discussed. primary varicella (chickenpox) in immunosuppressed children should be treated with i.v. acv without delay. in healthy patients varicella pneumonia needs to be treated with acv. healthy patients with herpes zoster are n ... | 1992 | 1579862 |
| [acute pancreatitis associated with varicella-zoster virus infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who developed acute pancreatitis (ap) during the course of a disseminated herpes zoster is presented. diagnosis was based on the simultaneity of abdominal pain with hyperamylasemia, the dissemination of the cutaneous lesions and the positive varicella-zoster virus serology at titres 1/640. response to acyclovir treatment was spectacular. to our knowledge this is the second case of ap produced by the varicella-zoster virus and the first ... | 1992 | 1583963 |
| acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | 1. acute retinal necrosis (arn) represents a specific pattern of clinical presentations for certain herpes virus infections in the posterior segment of the eye. these include varicella zoster virus and herpes simplex virus. 2. patients with arn usually complain of mild to moderate ocular or periorbital pain, foreign body sensation, and a red eye. visual symptoms usually include hazy vision, floaters, and, rarely, decreased peripheral vision. 3. medical treatment of choice is intravenous acyclovi ... | 1992 | 1597865 |
| [lethal meningitis caused by varicella-zoster virus in a patient with aids]. | 1992 | 1620928 | |
| varicella in pregnancy, the fetus, and the newborn: problems in management. | as many as 9000 pregnancies annually may be complicated by varicella, which creates management problems for the woman and her fetus or newborn. estimates on risk to the fetus and to neonates vary widely, making counseling difficult. likewise, the efficacy of passive immunization of pregnant women or their exposed newborns is not precisely known. in addition to these problems in clinical management, questions remain about the developmental immunology of varicella-zoster virus infection. for examp ... | 1992 | 1624811 |
| acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | acute retinal necrosis (arn) is a rare syndrome with characteristic fundal appearances which can have devastating effects on vision. we present six cases (nine eyes) seen in the medical eye unit of st thomas's hospital over the past six years and discuss the clinical features, aetiology, and management. our findings support the present consensus that the condition is caused by varicella zoster virus (vzv) or herpes simplex virus (hsv). one of our patients, who was atypical in having common varia ... | 1991 | 1645179 |
| [results of virostatic treatment of varicella with various severity]. | chickenpox is the result of primary infection with the varicella zoster virus (vzv), which--like other herpes-viruses--has the ability to remain latent within the nervous system; reactivation then sometimes causes shingles many decades later. while chickenpox is benign in normal children, infection in the immunocompromised patient is characterized by a period of prolonged viral replication, delayed healing and a high frequency of extracutaneous manifestations, such as pneumonitis and involvement ... | 1991 | 1645331 |
| clinical effect of bv-arau on varicella-zoster virus infection in immunocompromised patients with haematological malignancies. | we evaluated the treatment of varicella-zoster infection with bv-arau in immuno-compromised patients with haematological malignancies in a randomized controlled study. comparison was made between doses of 150 and 30 mg/day. for ethical reasons there was no placebo group. the percentage of patients given a 'very effective' rating by both attending physicians and the evaluation committee was significantly higher in the 150 mg/day group (56.0%) compared to the 30 mg/day group (15.0%). there was no ... | 1991 | 1645332 |
| comparison of biotinylated dna and rna probes for rapid detection of varicella-zoster virus genome by in situ hybridization. | we describe a general method for the production of nonisotopic dna and rna probes for the detection of the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) genome by in situ hybridization. vzv dna was extracted from purified viral nucleocapsids, cleaved with restriction enzyme (re) bamhi, and cloned into plasmid pbr322 by the standard vector insert procedure. we cloned over 85% of the vzv genome and obtained 18 recombinants. plasmids containing the b, f, g, h, and j fragments of vzv dna were labeled by the nick tra ... | 1991 | 1645371 |
| equine herpesvirus 1 sequence near the left terminus codes for two open reading frames. | we have previously reported the sequence of the equine herpesvirus one genomic termini that are homologous to the genomic termini of other herpesviruses. in this paper, we present the nucleotide sequence adjacent to the left terminus sequence (map units 0.0087 to 0.0237). this sequence codes for two open reading frames (orf) which are homologous to orf2 and orf3 of the varicella-zoster virus genome and are located at colinear positions. the l region sequence presented here also contains a segmen ... | 1991 | 1645901 |
| a case of herpes zoster myelitis: positive magnetic resonance imaging finding. | a 33-year-old man developed a progressive myelopathy after a characteristic skin lesion of herpes zoster involving the right c3 and c4 dermatomes. the lesions were recognizable in the t2-weighted image of the magnetic resonance imaging (mri) as increased signal intensities throughout the long segments of the spinal cord with maximal in the cervical portion, which was compatible with the pathological findings reported in autopsy studies. | 1991 | 1646111 |
| studies on in vitro proteolytic sensitivity of peptides inhibiting herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductases lead to discovery of a stable and potent inhibitor. | the nonapeptide, hsv r2-(329-337), corresponding to the subunit 2 (r2) carboxyl terminus of herpes simplex virus (hsv) ribonucleotide reductases, specifically inhibits this enzyme activity. we report here that under standard reductase assay conditions, this peptide was rapidly degraded by proteases present in the partially purified enzyme extract. the main process of proteolysis involves the successive removal of tyr329 and ala330, which corresponds to an aminopeptidase activity. determination o ... | 1991 | 1646184 |
| development of immunogenic recombinant oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis b virus surface antigen. | recombinant oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface antigen (hbs) was constructed by inserting the hbs gene into the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene and was examined for its immunogenicity in guinea-pigs. the hbs gene encoding 25 amino acids of pres2 and the whole of the s region was inserted into the tk gene of the cloned plasmid. the chimeric plasmid dna and oka varicella vaccine dna were cotransfected and recombinant virus was isolated after immunofluorescence screen ... | 1991 | 1646279 |
| immunogenicity in mice of varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein i expressed by a vaccinia virus-varicella-zoster virus recombinant. | several vaccinia virus (vv)-varicella-zoster virus (vzv) recombinants expressing glycoprotein i (gpi) of vzv were isolated from the prague strain of vv. one of these, v46, was inoculated intraperitoneally into mice. groups of mice were bled 4 and 8 weeks later and their sera were examined for anti-vzv and anti-vv antibodies by elisa. at 4 weeks, all mice inoculated with the three largest virus doses (10(7), 10(6) and 10(5) p.f.u.), and at 8 weeks all mice inoculated with the four highest virus d ... | 1991 | 1646285 |
| virus inactivation during production of intravenous immunoglobulin. | the effect of pepsin treatment at ph 4 on the infectivity of several enveloped viruses was assessed under the conditions used during the production of intravenous immunoglobulins. it was shown that the prototypes of four virus families--human immunodeficiency virus (lentivirinae), herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus (herpesviridae), semliki forest virus (togaviridae), and vesicular stomatitis virus (rhabdoviridae)--were inactivated by this procedure. with vesicular stomatitis v ... | 1991 | 1646503 |
| foscarnet therapy in five patients with aids and acyclovir-resistant varicella-zoster virus infection. | to determine whether foscarnet has potential efficacy in the treatment of acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous varicella-zoster infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1991 | 1646585 |
| antibody avidity following varicella-zoster virus infections. | the avidity of igg antibodies following varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections was investigated using urea treatment of antigen-bound serum antibody by indirect radioimmunoassay (ria) and immunoblotting techniques. sequential sera from 16 patients with varicella and 17 patients with zoster were tested, as well as sera from 80 seropositive individuals without a recent history of vzv disease. both types of assay showed that low-avidity antibodies predominate early after primary infection, but tha ... | 1991 | 1646852 |
| new developments in vaccines. | 1991 | 1647165 | |
| sequence analysis of the 4.7-kb bamhi-ecori fragment of the equine herpesvirus type-1 short unique region. | to localize gene that may encode immunogens potentially important for recombinant vaccine design, we have analysed a region of the equine herpesvirus type-1 (ehv-1) genome where a glycoprotein-encoding gene had previously been mapped. the 4707-bp bamhi-ecori fragment from the short unique region of the ehv-1 genome was sequenced. this sequence contains three entire open reading frames (orfs), and portions of two more. orf1 codes for 161 amino acids (aa), and represents the c terminus of a possib ... | 1991 | 1647359 |
| antibody assays suitable for assessing immune responses to live varicella vaccine. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv), using purified viral glycoproteins as antigen (gpelisa), was compared with other assays for measuring vaccine-induced antibody responses. the gpelisa was more sensitive than conventional assays, proved highly specific for vzv and agreed well with an assay for neutralizing antibody activity. it was successfully applied to large-scale testing of live varicella vaccine in humans. | 1991 | 1647574 |
| apparent decreased risk of invasive bacterial disease after heterologous childhood immunization. | to investigate the possibility that there might be an increased risk of heterologous invasive bacterial disease after routine childhood immunization with measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine live; diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine; and oral poliovirus vaccine live, a case-control study was conducted within the kaiser permanente northern california pediatric population. contrary to the premise, an apparent protective effect against invasive bacterial disease was detected after a ... | 1991 | 1647657 |
| granulomatous vasculitis occurring after cutaneous herpes zoster despite absence of viral genome. | granuloma annulare, sarcoidal and other granulomatous dermatitides, pseudolymphoma, lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, and kaposi's sarcoma have been described as sequelae of herpes zoster. we report a new postzoster reaction, granulomatous vasculitis, that caused flat-topped papules restricted to the affected dermatome. polymerase chain reaction failed to detect varicella-zoster virus in a biopsy specimen. these results suggest that granulomatous vasculitis occurs without persistence of the viral gen ... | 1991 | 1648109 |
| acyclovir-resistant varicella zoster responsive to foscarnet. | 1991 | 1648341 | |
| herpes zoster myelitis. | we studied the clinical (10 patients) and pathological (9 patients) findings in 13 patients with herpes zoster myelitis, all of whom had systemic illnesses associated with immunosuppression. the median interval between the onset of the herpes zoster rash and myelopathic symptoms was 12 days, and the subsequent median interval to maximal deficit was 10.5 days. presenting neurological symptoms were characteristically ipsilateral to the rash, with motor dysfunction predominating, followed by a spin ... | 1991 | 1648419 |