Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| characterisation of ctl and ifn-gamma synthesis in ponies following vaccination with a nyvac-based construct coding for ehv-1 immediate early gene, followed by challenge infection. | equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) is a ubiquitous pathogen of horses, which continues to cause respiratory and neurological disease and abortion, despite the widespread use of vaccines. cell mediated immunity (cmi) is thought to play a major role in protection against infection with ehv-1. the aim of this study was to characterise the virus-specific cmi response in ponies vaccinated with vp1014, a vaccinia-based construct (nyvac) coding for the immediate early gene (gene 64) of ehv-1. this gene produ ... | 2006 | 16269205 |
| detection of equine herpesvirus type 1 using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. | equid herpesvirus 1 (ehv1) is a major disease of equids worldwide causing considerable losses to the horse industry. a variety of techniques, including pcr have been used to diagnose ehv1. some of these pcrs were used in combination with other techniques such as restriction enzyme analysis (rea) or hybridisation, making them cumbersome for routine diagnostic testing and increasing the chances of cross-contamination. furthermore, they involve the use of suspected carcinogens such as ethidium brom ... | 2006 | 16137772 |
| glycoprotein g deletion mutants of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv1; equine abortion virus) and ehv4 (equine rhinopneumonitis virus). | glycoprotein g (gg) deletion mutants of ehv1 and ehv4, designated ehv1deltagg and ehv4deltagg, were constructed. the growth characteristics of the ehv1deltagg mutants were similar to the parent virus. all of the ehv4deltagg mutants grew more slowly in cell culture and produced plaques of different morphology including smaller size. the yields of both gg deletion mutant viruses in cell culture were similar to the parent viruses. sequencing of the genes flanking gg, southern blot, pcr and western ... | 2005 | 16052277 |
| equine respiratory viruses in foals in new zealand. | to identify the respiratory viruses that are present among foals in new zealand and to establish the age at which foals first become infected with these viruses. | 2002 | 16032260 |
| viruses associated with outbreaks of equine respiratory disease in new zealand. | to identify viruses associated with respiratory disease in young horses in new zealand. | 2002 | 16032259 |
| a simple and rapid immunoperoxidase test for the identification of equine herpesvirus-1. | 1998 | 16032023 | |
| a comparison of the polymerase chain reaction with standard laboratory methods for the detection of ehv-1 and ehv-4 in archival tissue samples. | a detection system incorporating the polymerase chain reaction was compared with the use of histopathology and virus isolation to determine the presence of equid herpesvirus type 1 or equid herpesvirus type 4 in equine tissues submitted to a diagnostic laboratory. when the polymerase chain reaction was performed, these tissues had been stored for up to 3 years. thirty-eight tissues representing 14 cases had been stored embedded in paraffin wax. analysis of these tissues using the pcr gave predic ... | 1994 | 16031754 |
| equine herpesvirus type 1 infection--a reply. | 1986 | 16031308 | |
| viruses associated with respiratory disease of horses in new zealand: an update. | viruses causing or associated with respiratory disease in horses worldwide are reviewed. results are presented from a serological survey of 121 new zealand foals and horses that had been affected by respiratory disease, determining the prevalence of antibodies in this country to the major viruses associated with similar disease overseas. to date there is no evidence of equine influenza virus in new zealand. both equine herpesvirus type 1 and 2 have been frequently isolated and show high serologi ... | 1986 | 16031261 |
| equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) infection and vaccination with an inactivated ehv-1 vaccine. | 1986 | 16031215 | |
| mechanisms of infection in the respiratory tract. | related to its potential vulnerability the respiratory tract has a very complex and effective defence apparatus. the interaction between these defence mechanisms and certain characteristics of aetiological agents results in a pattern in which initial infections by these agents tend to occur at specific sites in the tract. infections in which the primary portal of entry is in the upper respiratory tract include bordetella bronchiseptica and haemophilus spp in pigs; pasteurella spp in cattle, shee ... | 1981 | 16030806 |
| initial characterization of 17 viruses harboring mutant forms of the immediate-early gene of equine herpesvirus 1. | the sole immediate-early (ie) gene of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) encodes a major regulatory protein of 1487 amino acids (aa) capable of modulating gene expression from both early and late promoters and also of trans-repressing its own promoter. using a specially designed recombination system and a library of ie linker-insertion, deletion, point, and nonsense mutant constructs that encode forms of the ie protein (iep) harboring mutations within all five regions, 17 mutant viruses were generated ... | 2005 | 16025249 |
| isolation of equine herpesvirus-1 lacking glycoprotein c from a dead neonatal foal in japan. | we isolated a variant equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), strain 5089, from the lung of a dead neonatal foal in japan and characterized the biological nature of the virus. the virus spread in cultured cells mainly by cell-to-cell infection, unlike wild-type ehv-1, which spreads efficiently as a cell-free virus. the virus titer in cultured supernatant and the intracellular virus titer were low compared to those of wild-type ehv-1. heparin treatment of the virus had no effect on viral infectivity in cel ... | 2005 | 16012785 |
| equine herpesviruses 1 (ehv-1) and 4 (ehv-4)--epidemiology, disease and immunoprophylaxis: a brief review. | this review concentrates on the epidemiology, latency and pathogenesis of, and the approaches taken to control infection of horses by equine herpesvirus types 1 (ehv-1) and 4 (ehv-4). although both viruses may cause febrile rhinopneumonitis, ehv-1 is the main cause of abortions, paresis and neonatal foal deaths. the lesion central to these three conditions is necrotising vasculitis and thrombosis resulting from lytic infection of endothelial cells lining blood capillaries. the initiation of infe ... | 2005 | 15993786 |
| comparison of antibody detection assays for the diagnosis of equine herpesvirus 1 and 4 infections in horses. | to compare methods of detecting equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv1)- and ehv4-specific antibodies in horse sera. | 2005 | 15934623 |
| equine herpesviruses 1 and 4: creeping to a solution. | 2005 | 15914048 | |
| equine interferon gamma synthesis in lymphocytes after in vivo infection and in vitro stimulation with ehv-1. | equine cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses to equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) are well characterised but little is known about the cytokine response after infection or vaccination. ehv-1 is common in horses and infects lymphocytes in vivo. this virus was used as a model to measure the synthesis of interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) by equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) after in vivo infection and/or in vitro stimulation with ehv-1. both flow cytometry and elispot assays were used to quan ... | 2005 | 15913852 |
| the protein icp0 of herpes simplex virus type 1 is targeted to nucleoli of infected cells. brief report. | this study describes the nucleolar localization of the viral protein icp0 of herpes simplex virus type 1. we show that the ring finger domain of icp0 is essential for icp0 to localize in nucleoli of transfected and 4 hour-infected cells. icp0 forms particular intranucleolar domains that do not correspond to any known nucleolar domains. this distribution was confirmed by immunoblots performed on fractionated infected cells. quantitative rt-pcr experiments indicated that icp0 did not increase the ... | 2005 | 15883654 |
| neurological syndromes among horses in the netherlands. a 5 year retrospective survey (1999-2004). | the presence of toxins or infectious agents combined with environmental factors in combination with a susceptible host can be the cause for neurological disease in groups of horses. during a 5 year observational period outbreaks of neurological diseases among horses were evaluated. causes of occurring neurological diseases were equine botulism, lolitrem intoxications, equine herpesvirus type 1-associated myelo(encephalo)pathy, and encephalitis caused by (disseminated) streptococcus equi subspeci ... | 2005 | 15835280 |
| antibodies against equine herpesviruses and equine arteritis virus in burchell's zebras (equus burchelli ) from the serengeti ecosystem. | a total of 51 sera from a migratory population of burchell's zebras (equus burchelli) were collected in the serengeti national park (tanzania) between 1999 and 2001 to assess levels of exposure to equine herpesvirus types 1, 2, 4, 9 (ehv-1, -2, -4, -9), ehv-1 zebra isolate t965, and equine arteritis virus (eav). using virus-specific neutralizing antibody tests, seroprevalence was high for ehv-9 (60% of 45), moderate for eav (24% of 51), and lower for the ehv-1-related zebra isolate (17% of 41), ... | 2005 | 15827213 |
| potential of equine herpesvirus 1 as a vector for immunization. | key problems using viral vectors for vaccination and gene therapy are antivector immunity, low transduction efficiencies, acute toxicity, and limited capacity to package foreign genetic information. it could be demonstrated that animal and human cells were efficiently transduced with equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) reconstituted from viral dna maintained and manipulated in escherichia coli. between 13 and 23% of primary human cd3+, cd4+, cd8+, cd11b+, and cd19+ cells and more than 70% of cd4+ mt4 c ... | 2005 | 15827159 |
| iododeoxyuridine and herpesviral encephalitis: lack of inhibitory action against low-grade viral replication. | equine herpesvirus 1 replicated in the brains of 2-week-old mice but did not produce fatal encephalitis; it thus simulated the majority of cases of herpes simplex encephalitis in man. this replication was not inhibited by iododeoxyuridine, although in tissue cultures the equine and human viruses were equally susceptible. the continued use of iododeoxyuridine for human encephalitis should be seriously questioned. | 1974 | 15825425 |
| serum antibody responses to equine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d in horses, pregnant mares and young foals. | the envelope glycoprotein d of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1 gd) has been shown in laboratory animal models to elicit protective immune responses against ehv-1 challenge, and hence is a potential vaccine antigen. here we report that intramuscular inoculation of ehv-1 gd produced by a recombinant baculovirus and formulated with the adjuvant iscomatrix elicited virus-neutralizing antibody and gd-specific elisa antibody in the serum of over 90% of adult mixed breed horses. the virus-neutralizing anti ... | 2005 | 15797474 |
| expression of the full-length form of gp2 of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) completely restores respiratory virulence to the attenuated ehv-1 strain kya in cba mice. | wild-type equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) strains express a large (250-kda) glycoprotein, gp2, that is encoded by eus4 (gene 71) located within the unique short region of the genome. dna sequence analysis revealed that eus4 of the pathogenic ehv-1 strain racl11 is an open reading frame of 2,376 bp that encodes a protein of 791 amino acids. the attenuated ehv-1 vaccine strain kya harbors an in-frame deletion of 1,242 bp from bp 222 to 1461 and expresses a truncated gp2 of 383 amino acids. to determi ... | 2005 | 15795295 |
| varicelloviruses avoid t cell recognition by ul49.5-mediated inactivation of the transporter associated with antigen processing. | detection and elimination of virus-infected cells by cytotoxic t lymphocytes depends on recognition of virus-derived peptides presented by mhc class i molecules. a critical step in this process is the translocation of peptides from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum by the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap). here, we identified the bovine herpesvirus 1-encoded ul49.5 protein as a potent inhibitor of tap. the expression of ul49.5 results in down-regulation of mhc class ... | 2005 | 15793001 |
| natural recombinant between equine herpesviruses 1 and 4 in the icp4 gene. | equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) is a pathogen causing rhinopneumonia in young horses, abortion in mares, and myeloencephalitis in adult horses. two types, ehv-1 p and ehv-1 b, have recently been dominant among 16 electropherotypes. ehv-1 p and ehv-1 b viruses were compared by long and accurate polymerase chain reaction (la-pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. differences in restriction sites were found to be focused in orf64, which encodes the infected cell protein 4 ( ... | 2005 | 15722602 |
| equine herpesvirus 1 utilizes a novel herpesvirus entry receptor. | the well-described herpesvirus entry receptors hvea (tnfrsf14), hveb (nectin 2), and hvec (nectin 1) have been shown to mediate the entry of alphaherpesviruses. our findings showed that the alphaherpesvirus equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) efficiently entered and replicated in cho-k1 cells that lack the entry receptors hvea, hveb, and hvec, demonstrating that ehv-1 utilizes a unique entry receptor. as with other alphaherpesviruses, efficient ehv-1 entry was dependent on glycoprotein d and cell surfa ... | 2005 | 15709036 |
| the eicp27 protein of equine herpesvirus 1 is recruited to viral promoters by its interaction with the immediate-early protein. | the equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) eicp27 protein cooperates with either the immediate-early (ie) or the eicp0 protein to synergistically trans-activate viral promoters. gst-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the eicp27 protein's cooperation with the ie or the eicp0 protein involves its physical interaction with these viral proteins. in the case of the ie-eicp27 protein interaction, ie residues 424 to 826 and eicp27 residues 41 to 206 harbor the interactive domains. electroph ... | 2005 | 15708594 |
| isolation and partial characterization of equine herpesvirus type 1 in czechia. | equine herpesvirus type 1 was determined as the etiological cause of an abortion storm in czechia in 2003 after the virus strain was isolated from aborted fetus and identified by serological means and by pcr technique. cloning and sequencing of the glycoprotein d confirmed the identity of the isolates and showed molecular relationships to known ehv-1 strains. comparison of glycoprotein d sequences with corresponding sequence of ehv-1 reference strains (kentucky-a and ab1) revealed high nucleotid ... | 2004 | 15702554 |
| identification of another b-cell epitope in the type-specific region of equine herpesvirus 4 glycoprotein g. | recently, a novel 12-mer b-cell epitope, mknnpiysegsl, in the type-specific region of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) glycoprotein g (gg) was identified and used as an antigen for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (maeda et al., j. clin. microbiol. 42:1095-1098, 2004). although our prototype strain, th20p, possesses two repeat sequences containing the b-cell epitope, the ehv-4 ns80567 strain has two repeat sequences that are not identical. one repeat sequence stretch contained the b-cell epitope, w ... | 2005 | 15642995 |
| association between respiratory disease and bacterial and viral infections in british racehorses. | respiratory disease is important in horses, particularly in young thoroughbred racehorses, and inflammation that is detected in the trachea and bronchi (termed inflammatory airway disease [iad]) is more significant in this population in terms of impact and frequency than other presentations of respiratory disease. iad, which is characterized by neutrophilic inflammation, mild clinical signs, and accumulation of mucus in the trachea, may be multifactorial, possibly involving infections and enviro ... | 2005 | 15634959 |
| equine herpesvirus-1 infection induces ifn-gamma production by equine t lymphocyte subsets. | a commercial bovine ifn-gamma-specific monoclonal antibody was used to measure antigen-specific ifn-gamma production by equine lymphocytes. paired pbmc samples were collected from six ponies prior to and 10 days after challenge infection with equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1). each sample was stimulated in vitro with ehv-1, virus-free medium, or pma and ionomycin, and labelled with monoclonal antibodies specific for various equine lymphocyte subset markers. following fixation, intracellular ifn-gamma ... | 2005 | 15621307 |
| in vitro and in vivo relevance of infectious laryngotracheitis virus gj proteins that are expressed from spliced and nonspliced mrnas. | the positional homologue in the infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) genome of the glycoprotein gj gene of herpes simplex virus and the gp2 gene of equine herpesvirus 1 is expressed into four proteins of 85, 115, 160, and 200 kda (j. veits, b. kollner, j. p. teifke, h. granzow, t. c. mettenleiter, and w. fuchs, avian dis. 47:330-342, 2003). rna analyses revealed that these proteins are expressed from two different late (gamma2) transcripts, an unspliced 5.5-kb and a spliced 4.3-kb mrna that ... | 2005 | 15613298 |
| growth and virulence alterations of equine herpesvirus 1 by insertion of a green fluorescent protein gene in the intergenic region between orfs 62 and 63. | nucleotide sequences of the intergenic region between orf 62 and orf 63 of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) isolates were analyzed. the sequences of this region consisted of variable and conserved domains among ehv-1 isolates. an ehv-1 mutant, ab4-gfp, was constructed by inserting a green fluorescent protein (gfp) expression cassette flanked by lox p at both ends into the intergenic region between orf 62 and orf 63. another mutant, ab4-loxp, which contains one lox p site, was constructed by excision ... | 2004 | 15557741 |
| equine herpesvirus 1 and 4. | equine herpesvirus infections in horses remain a significant cause of abortion and neurologic disease. these viruses are also responsible for mild signs of respiratory disease. the ability to establish latent infections with periodic reactivation or transmission to other horses is an important feature of these herpesviruses. one of the most unique aspects of this report is the description of horses demonstrating neurologic signs serving as the source of infection for other horses. accurate diagn ... | 2004 | 15519823 |
| evolution of equine infection control programs. | the science of control of infectious diseases in hospitals was born in 1847 when semmelweis, a physician, ordered his medical students to scrub their hands in chlorinated lime water between patients and demonstrated that this simple procedure resulted ina dramatic decline in patient morbidity and mortality. in the late nineteenth century came huge breakthroughs in the understanding that microorganisms cause many disorders, and methods to eliminate and control these microorganisms were attempted. ... | 2004 | 15519815 |
| a negative regulatory element (base pairs -204 to -177) of the eicp0 promoter of equine herpesvirus 1 abolishes the eicp0 protein's trans-activation of its own promoter. | the early eicp0 protein is a powerful trans-activator that activates all classes of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) promoters but, unexpectedly, trans-activates its own promoter very weakly. transient transfection assays that employed constructs harboring deletions within the eicp0 promoter indicated that eicp0 cis-acting sequences within bp -224 to -158 relative to the first atg abolished the eicp0 protein's trans-activation of its own promoter. when inserted into the promoters of other ehv-1 gene ... | 2004 | 15479811 |
| equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) glycoprotein k is required for efficient cell-to-cell spread and virus egress. | the function of the equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) glycoprotein k (gk) homologue was investigated. deletion of 88% of the ul53-homologous open reading frame in ehv-1 strain rach resulted in a severe growth defect of the gk-negative virus (hdeltagk) as reflected by a significant decrease in the production of infectious virus progeny on rk13 cells. the hdeltagk virus induced only minute plaques, was unable to form syncytia, and its penetration efficiency into rk13 cells was reduced by approxima ... | 2004 | 15476871 |
| argentine strain of equine herpesvirus 1 isolated from an aborted foetus shows low virulence in mouse respiratory and abortion models. | the equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) was isolated in argentina from an aborted equine foetus in 1979. this virus (spv) has special restriction patterns (rp) in comparison with other argentine isolates. in addition, spv could be distinguished on the basis of its pathogenicity in baby mice inoculated intracerebrally. we studied the growth properties of the spv in cell culture and its effects in a mouse respiratory and abortion model. we observed that spv did not modify its capacity to grow in cell cul ... | 2004 | 15381260 |
| development of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody-based blocking elisa for detection of equine herpesvirus 1 antibodies. | a single-dilution, sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (b-elisa) was developed as an alternative to the cumbersome virus neutralization test (vnt) for detection of equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) antibodies. neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (1h6 and 9c6) raised against ehv-1 (hisar-90-7 strain) and sera from 70 horses (30 known negative and 40 known positive for ehv-1 antibodies by vnt) were used for standardization of the b-elisa. using a s ... | 2004 | 15379438 |
| evidence that use of an inactivated equine herpesvirus vaccine induces serum cytotoxicity affecting the equine arteritis virus neutralisation test. | several laboratories worldwide have recently experienced problems related to serum cytotoxicity with the equine arteritis virus (eav) neutralisation test (vn) when using office international des epizooties (oie) reference laboratory prescribed rabbit kidney (rk-13) indicator cells. cytotoxicity can be mistaken for viral cytopathic effect and has led to increasing difficulties in test interpretation, consequently causing disruption to both equine breeding and disease surveillance. results from ex ... | 2004 | 15364465 |
| use of the meridian test for the detection of equine herpesvirus type 1 infection in horses with decreased performance. | to evaluate use of the acupuncture meridian test for detection of recent or recently reactivated equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) infection in horses with decreased performance. | 2004 | 15344363 |
| efficacy of a live equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) strain c147 vaccine in foals with maternally-derived antibody: protection against ehv-1 infection. | currently, there is no recommended immunoprophylaxis against febrile respiratory diseases due to equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) and -4 (ehv-4) in horses below age 5-6 months. this is because of interference by maternally-derived antibody (mda) of vaccines. | 2004 | 15253088 |
| equine viral vaccines: the past, present and future. | the increasing international movement of horses combined with the relaxation of veterinary regulations has resulted in an increased incidence of equine infectious diseases. vaccination, along with management measures, has become the primary method for the effective control of these diseases. traditionally modified live and inactivated vaccines have been used and these vaccines have proven to be very successful in preventing disease. however, there are a number of equine infectious diseases for w ... | 2004 | 15236675 |
| acute recumbency associated with anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a horse. | an 11-year-old hanoverian-cross gelding was evaluated because of acute onset of ataxia, recumbency, and fever. at the stable, this and other horses had recently been infested with ticks. results of analysis of a sample of csf were within reference limits, but hematologic abnormalities included lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neutrophils that were consistent with anaplasma phagocytophilum (previously ehrlichia equi). results of serum biochemica ... | 2004 | 15230452 |
| meningoencephalitis in mice infected with an equine herpesvirus 1 strain kya recombinant expressing glycoprotein i and glycoprotein e. | one of the consequences of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) infection in the natural host is a neurological disease that can lead to paralysis. the pathology associated with ehv-1-induced neurological disease includes vasculitis of the small blood vessels within the central nervous system and subsequent damage to the surrounding neural tissue. in a previous study, an ehv-1 recombinant kya virus (kgi/ge/75) was generated in which the sequences encoding glycoprotein i (gi) and glycoprotein e (ge) were ... | 2004 | 15215680 |
| the equine herpesvirus 1 eicp27 protein enhances gene expression via an interaction with tata box-binding protein. | the mechanism(s) by which the early eicp27 gene product cooperates with other equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) regulatory proteins to achieve maximal promoter activity remains unknown. transient transfection assays revealed that deletion of residues 93-140 of the 470-aa eicp27 protein substantially diminished its activation of the immediate-early (ie) promoter, whereas deletion of residues 140-470 that contain a zinc-finger motif abolished this activity. fluorescence microscopy of cells expressing t ... | 2004 | 15207618 |
| prevalence of mycoplasma agassizii and chelonian herpesvirus in captive tortoises (testudo sp.) in the united kingdom. | during the months of april to august in 1999 and 2002, oral swabs were collected from 146 tortoises (testudo sp.) in private collections in the united kingdom and tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of mycoplasma agassizii and chelonian herpesvirus (chhv). the presence of m. agassizii was confirmed by restriction digestion of the pcr product. a 307-bp fragment of the chhv ul5 homologue gene was sequenced and found to show most similarity to equine herpesvirus type 1. a pre ... | 2004 | 15193070 |
| detection of ehv-1 and ehv-4 dna in unweaned thoroughbred foals from vaccinated mares on a large stud farm. | a silent cycle of equine herpesvirus 1 infection has been described following epidemiological studies in unvaccinated mares and foals. in 1997, an inactivated whole virus ehv-1 and ehv-4 vaccine was released commercially in australia and used on many stud farms. however, it was not known what effect vaccination might have on the cycle of infection of ehv-1. | 2004 | 15163042 |
| seroprevalence of equine herpesvirus 1 in mares and foals on a large hunter valley stud farm in years pre- and postvaccination. | to examine the prevalence of equine herpesvirus 1 antibody in mares and foals on a large hunter valley thoroughbred stud farm in new south wales before and after the introduction of an inactivated whole virus vaccine. | 2003 | 15084039 |
| intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1) contribute to the elimination of equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) from the lungs of intranasally infected balb/c mice. | the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1) on equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) infection in balb/c mice produced by intranasal inoculation was studied. infected mice were found to lose bodyweight (bw) during the acute phase of infection (i.e., within 1 week of inoculation) but to regain it during the convalescent phase. the intraperitoneal administration of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against icam-1 and lfa-1 one day before ehv-1 ... | 2004 | 15003474 |
| the truncated form of glycoprotein gp2 of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) vaccine strain kya is not functionally equivalent to full-length gp2 encoded by ehv-1 wild-type strain racl11. | most equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) strains, including the naturally occurring virulent racl11 isolate, encode a large glycoprotein, gp2 (250 kda), which is expressed from gene 71. besides other alterations in the viral genome, the avirulent strain kya harbors an in-frame deletion of 1,242 nucleotides in gene 71. to examine the contributions of gp2 variation to virus growth and virulence, mutant racl11 and kya viruses expressing full-length or truncated gp2 were generated. western blot analyses de ... | 2004 | 14990719 |
| efficacy and duration of immunity of a combined equine influenza and equine herpesvirus vaccine against challenge with an american-like equine influenza virus (a/equi-2/kentucky/95). | it has been recommended that modern equine influenza vaccines should contain an a/equi-1 strain and a/equi-2 strains of the american and european-like subtype. we describe here the efficacy of a modern updated inactivated equine influenza-herpesvirus combination vaccine against challenge with a recent american-like isolate of equine influenza (a/equine-2/kentucky/95 (h3n8). the vaccine contains inactivated influenza strains a-equine-1/prague'56, a-equine-2/newmarket-1/'93 (american lineage) and ... | 2004 | 14975389 |
| a protective effect of epidermal powder immunization in a mouse model of equine herpesvirus-1 infection. | to evaluate the protective effect of epidermal powder immunization (epi) against equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) infection, we prepared a powder vaccine in which formalin-inactivated virions were embedded in water-soluble, sugar-based particles. a powderject device was used to immunize mice with the powder vaccine via their abdominal skin. we found that twice-immunized mice were protected against challenge with the wild-type virus. this protective effect was equivalent to or better than that observ ... | 2004 | 14972566 |
| peptide transport activity of the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap) is inhibited by an early protein of equine herpesvirus-1. | equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) downregulates surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules on infected cells. the objective of this study was to investigate whether ehv-1 interferes with peptide translocation by the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap) and to identify the proteins responsible. using an in vitro transport assay, we showed that ehv-1 inhibited transport of peptides by tap as early as 2 h post-infection (p.i). complete shutdown of pept ... | 2004 | 14769892 |
| equine herpesvirus-1 abortion: atypical cases with lesions largely or wholly restricted to the placenta. | 2004 | 14756377 | |
| decreased expression of equine herpesvirus-1 early and late genes in the placenta of naturally aborted equine fetuses. | intrauterine infection with equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) has been considered to be the consequence of transplacental transmission of the virus following maternal cell-associated viraemia. in this study the state of ehv-1 gene expression in the placenta of seven naturally aborted equine fetuses was examined. neither lesions nor viral antigens were detected in the placenta of the fetuses. the amount of infectious virus in the placentas was considerably lower than that in the fetal lungs, which sho ... | 2004 | 14693123 |
| generation and characterization of an eicp0 null mutant of equine herpesvirus 1. | the eicp0 gene (gene 63) of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) encodes an early regulatory protein that is a promiscuous trans-activator of all classes of viral genes. bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) technology and rece/t cloning were employed to delete the eicp0 gene from ehv-1 strain kya. polymerase chain reaction, southern blot analysis, and dna sequencing confirmed the deletion of the eicp0 gene and its replacement with a kanamycin resistance gene in mutant kya. transfection of rabbit kidney ... | 2003 | 14659563 |
| direct interaction of tfiib and the ie protein of equine herpesvirus 1 is required for maximal trans-activation function. | recently, we reported that the immediate-early (ie) protein of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) associates with transcription factor tfiib [j. virol. 75 (2001), 10219]. in the current study, the ie protein purified as a glutathione-s-transferase (gst) fusion protein was shown to interact directly with purified tfiib in gst-pulldown assays. a panel of tfiib mutants employed in protein-binding assays revealed that residues 125 to 174 within the first direct repeat of tfiib mediate its interaction with ... | 2003 | 14644612 |
| pre-infection frequencies of equine herpesvirus-1 specific, cytotoxic t lymphocytes correlate with protection against abortion following experimental infection of pregnant mares. | in general, vaccines containing inactivated equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) fail to prevent abortion in pregnant mares following infection with a virulent strain of ehv-1. we have tested the hypothesis that resistance to ehv-1-induced abortion in pregnant mares is associated with high frequencies of ehv-1 specific, major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i-restricted, cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) in the circulation. to test this theory, three groups of pregnant mares were assembled with varyi ... | 2003 | 14592733 |
| cytokine profiles and long-term virus-specific antibodies following immunization of cba mice with equine herpesvirus 1 and viral glycoprotein d. | equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1)-specific antibody-secreting cells (asc) isolated from the lung and spleen of mice at 12 months after immunization with attenuated ehv-1 kya, heat-killed kya, or recombinant viral glycoprotein d (rgd) assessed by elispot showed a three- to fivefold increase in three immunoglobulin isotypes at 3 days post-challenge with pathogenic ehv-1 racl11 as compared to control mice. elispot assays demonstrated a high frequency of cells secreting proinflammatory tumor necrosis fac ... | 2003 | 14583146 |
| outbreak of equine herpesvirus type 1 myeloencephalitis: new insights from virus identification by pcr and the application of an ehv-1-specific antibody detection elisa. | five of 10 pregnant, lactating mares, each with a foal at foot, developed neurological disease. three of them became recumbent, developed complications and were euthanased; of the two that survived, one aborted an equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1)-positive fetus 68 days after the first signs were observed in the index case and the other gave birth to a healthy foal on day 283 but remained ataxic and incontinent. the diagnosis of ehv-1 myeloencephalitis was supported by postmortem findings, pcr i ... | 2003 | 14582730 |
| [establishment and use of infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) dna clones of animal herpesviruses]. | since the first description of the cloning und mutagenesis of a herpesviral genome in 1997, a number of herpesviral dna's have been cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs). herpesvirus bac's are established by introduction of a mini f origin of replication into the viral genome, which can as such be maintained und manipulated in escherichia coli as a single copy extrachromosomal dna. herpesvirus dna's cloned as bac's are accessible to the dna repair und mutagenesis apparatus encoded by ... | 2003 | 14526467 |
| the structures of bovine herpesvirus 1 virion and concatemeric dna: implications for cleavage and packaging of herpesvirus genomes. | herpesvirus genomes are often characterized by the presence of direct and inverted repeats that delineate their grouping into six structural classes. class d genomes consist of a long (l) segment and a short (s) segment. the latter is flanked by large inverted repeats. dna replication produces concatemers of head-to-tail linked genomes that are cleaved into unit genomes during the process of packaging dna into capsids. packaged class d genomes are an equimolar mixture of two isomers in which s i ... | 2003 | 14517085 |
| inoculation with dna encoding the glycoprotein gp2 reduces severity of equine herpesvirus 1 infection in a mouse respiratory model. | the envelope glycoprotein 2 (gp2) of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) has no known homologue in other herpesviruses with the exception of some equid alphaherpesviruses. in order to investigate the potential of gp2 as a vaccine antigen, expression vectors were constructed to encode full-length gp2, a truncated version lacking the membrane anchor, and the c-terminal region. intramuscular inoculation of mice with these dna constructs induced neutralizing antibody against ehv-1 and, following intranasal ... | 2003 | 14505091 |
| adaptation of equine abortion virus to earle's l cells in serum-free medium with plaque formation. | 1962 | 14490220 | |
| isolation of equine abortion virus from natural cases of equine abortion in horse kidney cell culture. | 1959 | 14446011 | |
| quantitation and morphology of equine abortion virus in hamsters. | 1960 | 14445594 | |
| histopathological study of aborted fetuses naturally infected with equine abortion virus with some epidemiological findings. | 1959 | 14404962 | |
| a preliminary survey for equine abortion virus infection by complement fixation test in hokkaido, japan. | 1959 | 14404961 | |
| some physicochemical characteristics of equine abortion virus nucleic acid. | 1965 | 14319712 | |
| replication of a deoxyribonucleic acid virus in thymine-deficient mammalian cells. | gentry, glenn a. (university of mississippi school of medicine, jackson), lucy a. lawson, and charles c. randall. replication of a deoxyribonucleic acid virus in thymine-deficient mammalian cells. j. bacteriol. 88:1324-1328. 1964.-equine abortion virus (eav), a deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) virus, causes the degradation of host cell dna to acid-soluble components in the l-m cell. it was hypothesized that inhibitors of dna synthesis such as 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (fudr) and amethopterin, which act by ... | 1964 | 14234788 |
| degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid and alteration nucleic acid metabolism in suspension cultures of l-m cells infected with equine abortion virus. | randall, charles c. (university of mississippi school of medicine, jackson) and barbara m. walker. degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid and alteration of nucleic acid metabolism in suspension cultures of l-m cells infected with equine abortion virus. j. bacteriol. 86:138-146. 1963.-metabolic alterations in log-phase suspension cultures infected with equine abortion virus (eav) were determined in l-m cells simultaneously labeled or prelabeled with h(3)- or c(14)-thymidine. although infection prod ... | 1963 | 14051805 |
| the nucleic acid content of equine abortion virus. | 1963 | 14025123 | |
| an electron microscopic study of equine abortion virus infection in hamster liver. | 1963 | 14013743 | |
| [in vitro sensitivity of different types of cells to infection with infectious equine abortion virus (dimock)]. | 1962 | 14008371 | |
| correlated autoradiographic and biochemical study of dna labeling in equine abortion virus hepatitis. | 1962 | 13897734 | |
| composition of rna and dna of citric acid-isolated liver nuclei from hamsters infected with equine abortion virus (eav). | 1960 | 13827336 | |
| electron microscopy of equine abortion virus. | 1961 | 13774844 | |
| studies on hepatitis in hamsters infected with equine abortion virus. iii. nuclear protein changes. a histochemical study. | 1960 | 13704424 | |
| labelling of liver nuclei with tritiated thymidine in hamsters infected with equine abortion virus. | 1961 | 13704423 | |
| identification of equine herpesvirus-1 antigens recognized by cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) causes serious disease in horses throughout the world, despite the frequent use of vaccines. ctls are thought to be critical for protection from primary and reactivating latent ehv-1 infections. however, the antigen-specificity of ehv-1-specific ctls is unknown. the aim of this study was to identify ehv-1 genes that encode proteins containing ctl epitopes and to determine their mhc i (or ela-a in the horse) restriction. equine dendritic cells, transfected with a seri ... | 2003 | 13679596 |
| changes in protein and nucleic acid content on hela cells infected with equine abortion virus. | 1958 | 13614503 | |
| electron microscopy of equine abortion virus. | 1958 | 13591329 | |
| studies on hepatitis in hamsters infected with equine abortion virus. ii. changes in protein, nucleic acid, and weight of isolated hepatic nuclei. | 1957 | 13458334 | |
| adaptation of equine abortion virus to hela cells. | 1957 | 13453487 | |
| studies on hepatitis in hamsters infected with equine abortion virus. i. sequential development of inclusions and the growth cycle. | 1957 | 13444458 | |
| agglutination of horse erythrocytes by tissue extracts from hamsters infected with equine abortion virus. | 1956 | 13302651 | |
| serological differentiation of the equine abortion virus from the human and swine influenza, mumps, and newcastle disease viruses. | 1956 | 13302650 | |
| propagation of equine abortion virus in the embryonated chicken egg. | 1956 | 13277328 | |
| propagation of equine abortion virus in syrian hamsters. | 1956 | 13277325 | |
| further observations of the in vitro susceptibility of adult horse tissue to equine abortion virus. | 1956 | 13277324 | |
| propagation of equine abortion virus in the chick embryo. | 1955 | 13273388 | |
| susceptibility in vitro of adult horse tissue to equine abortion virus; previously undescribed lesions. | 1955 | 13268617 | |
| the cultivation of equine abortion virus in cat tissue in vitro. | 1954 | 13207311 | |
| thermal, hematological, and serological responses of weanling horses following inoculation with equine abortion virus: its similarity to equine influenza. | 1954 | 13150758 | |
| cultivation of the equine influenza virus in suckling syrian hamsters. its similarity to the equine abortion virus. | 1954 | 13127395 | |
| adaptation of the equine abortion virus to suckling syrian hamsters. | 1953 | 13094935 | |
| cultivation of equine abortion virus in fetal horse tissue in vitro. | 1953 | 13016787 | |
| intrauterine and intrafetal inoculations with equine abortion virus in pregnant mares. | 1953 | 13010086 |