Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| vaccinia virus and the egf receptor: a portal for infectivity? | we previously demonstrated that occupancy of the epidermal growth factor (egf) receptor reduced the ability of vaccinia virus to infect l cells [eppstein et al: nature 318:663, 1985]. this result suggested that vaccinia virus was utilizing the egf receptor as one pathway to infect cells. we have studied this system further, and now find that antibodies to the egf receptor also reduce the ability of vaccinia virus to infect cells productively. inclusion of both egf and antibodies to the egf recep ... | 1987 | 3497935 |
| the pathogenesis of herpetic ocular disease in the guinea pig. | a detailed study of the pathogenesis of herpetic eye disease in the guinea pig was undertaken to further develop this animal model. several well-known hsv-1 strains were tested for their ability to produce disease and cause acute and latent infections of the trigeminal ganglion: mckrae, kos, mcintyre, re, and shealey. two hsv-2 strains failed to cause eye infections. the shealey strain [hsv-1 (sh)] produced the most severe eye infections, characterized by epithelial and stromal disease, corneal ... | 1987 | 3038053 |
| dna sequence and genetic content of the hindiii l region in the short unique component of the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome: identification of the gene encoding glycoprotein g, and evolutionary comparisons. | the dna sequence was determined of the hindiii l fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), which is located in the short unique region of the hsv-2 genome. hindiii l was found to comprise 9629 base pairs. comparison with the previously determined corresponding sequence for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), and limited mrna mapping, showed that hindiii l contained six genes (termed us2 to us7) and part of another (us8). the hsv-1 and hsv-2 sequences were found to be generally colinear, ... | 1987 | 3027242 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 2 deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase and mapping of a gene conferring type specificity for the enzyme. | the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-induced deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dutpase) was purified approximately 600 +/- 43-fold using a combination of affinity, hydrophobic, absorption, and ion-exchange chromatography techniques. the only substrate for the dutpase was dutp with a km of 3.6 +/- 1.1 microm. there was no apparent divalent cation requirement, but the hsv-2-induced dutpase was inhibited by edta (0.1 mm) and this inhibition was reversed by either co2+ (0.5 mm) or mg ... | 1987 | 3027979 |
| a single-base change within the dna polymerase locus of herpes simplex virus type 2 can confer resistance to aphidicolin. | an aphidicolin-resistant (aphr) mutant of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 strain 186 previously has been shown to induce an altered viral dna polymerase that is more resistant to aphidicolin and more sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid (paa) than is wild-type dna polymerase. in this study the mutation responsible for the aphidicolin-resistant phenotype was physically mapped by marker transfer experiments. the physical map limits for the aphr mutation were contained in a 1.1-kilobase pair region ... | 1987 | 3027369 |
| a synthetic peptide induces long-term protection from lethal infection with herpes simplex virus 2. | immunization against viral pathogens is generally directed toward the induction of virus neutralizing antibody (vna) and the maintenance of the potential for a second-set (igg) response. indeed, an elevated level of specific antibody is considered a reliable clinical indicator that a state of immunity exists in the host. however, in the case of herpes simplex virus (hsv), the presence of circulating vna does not necessarily correlate with protection. thus, it has been found that secondary infect ... | 1987 | 3029270 |
| effects of the epipodophyllotoxin vp-16-213 on herpes simplex virus type 2 replication. | it has been recently shown that vp-16-213, a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, inhibits the function of mammalian dna topoisomerase ii. in the present study, we examined the effects of vp-16-213 on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the compound did not inhibit the synthesis of early viral polypeptides at concentrations at which viral dna synthesis was strongly suppressed, but induced double-strand breaks in newly synthesized hsv dna. electron microscopic examina ... | 1987 | 3029314 |
| antigenic cross-reactions among herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, epstein-barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. | polyvalent rabbit antisera against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus (ebv), monospecific antisera against affinity-purified hsv-2 glycoproteins gb and gg, and a panel of monoclonal antibodies against hsv and ebv proteins were used to analyze cross-reactive molecules in cells infected with the four herpesviruses. a combination of immunoprecipitation and western blotting with these reagents was used to determine that all four viruses ... | 1987 | 3029407 |
| demonstration of viral thymidine kinase inhibitor and its effect on deoxynucleotide metabolism in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | the thymidine analog 5'-ethynylthymidine was a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (strain kos)-induced thymidine kinase with a ki value of 0.09 microm. 5'-ethynylthymidine was less inhibitory against herpes simplex virus type 2 (strain 333)-induced thymidine kinase with a ki of 0.38 microm and showed no inhibition against human cytosolic thymidine kinase under the conditions tested. the compound was effective against the altered thymidine kinase induced by acyclovir- and bromovinyld ... | 1987 | 3034143 |
| purification and structural characterization of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c. | purification of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c (gc) in microgram amounts yielded sufficient material for an analysis of its secondary structure. purification was facilitated by using the mutant virus gc-3, which bears a point mutation that interrupts the putative hydrophobic membrane anchor sequence, causing the secretion of gc-3 protein into the cell culture medium. gc-3 protein was purified by size fractionation of concentrated culture medium from infected cells on a gel filtration column ... | 1987 | 3030409 |
| protective effect of passive immunization on herpetic retinitis of newborn rabbits. | we studied the protective effects of passive immunization with virus specific antibody in newborn rabbits inoculated subcutaneously with type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv-2). newborn rabbits given anti-hsv-2 antibody intraperitoneally (ip) on days 0, 2 and 4 post infection had smaller herpetic skin lesions and reduced mortality when compared to controls. in addition, the ip treatment using this schedule reduced virus growth in the skin lesions and virus dissemination, so that it decreased the fre ... | 1987 | 3030640 |
| structure and expression of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gb gene. | the gene for glycoprotein gb2 of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 333 was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in mammalian cells. the gb2 protein had an overall nucleotide and amino acid sequence homology of 86% with the cognate gb1 protein. however, of the 125 amino acid substitutions or deletions, only 12.5% were conservative replacements. these differences were clustered within an nh2-terminal region, a central region, and a cooh-terminal region, resulting in domains of near identity broken by ... | 1987 | 3027364 |
| type iv collagenase activity of a primary hsv-2-induced hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo metastases and in vitro clones. | the expression of a basement membrane (bm) collagen-degrading metalloprotease (type iv collagenase) was studied in a herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 transformed hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo derived sublines and in vitro derived clones of varying metastatic potential. the primary parent tumor was shown to release more or less type iv collagenolytic activity compared with its sublines (derived from lung nodules that developed after resection of the primary tumor). normal baby hamster kidney a ... | 1987 | 3040211 |
| virus spread and initial pathological changes in the nervous system in genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice. a correlative immunohistochemical, light and electron microscopic study. | mice were infected by the vaginal route with the ms strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). serial vaginal cultures were used to confirm infection and to select mice for this study. two mice were killed by perfusion on days 2-6 post infection (p.i.) and lumbar and sacral cord with cauda were fixed and embedded for electron microscopy. semithin epon-sections were stained for viral antigen using a rabbit anti-hsv-2 antiserum and the avidin-biotin (abc) method. thin sections from antigen-pos ... | 1987 | 3033978 |
| regulation by recombinant interleukin-2 of protective immunity against recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 genital infection in guinea pigs. | the goal of our study was to determine whether recombinant interleukin-2 (ril-2) could modify the recurrence pattern of chronic herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) genital infection in guinea pigs. animals that developed symptomatic acute hsv-2 infection were distributed at 14 days after viral inoculation into several treatment groups, which were similar with respect to the severity of acute disease. three ril-2 dosages administered for 4 weeks in daily subcutaneous injections were tested in thi ... | 1987 | 3035213 |
| identification of a novel herpes simplex virus type 1-induced glycoprotein which complexes with ge and binds immunoglobulin. | we detected a glycoprotein on the surface of cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) which, in conjunction with ge, binds immunoglobulin g (igg). the novel glycoprotein, which has an apparent molecular mass of 70 kilodaltons and was provisionally named g70, was first detected in extracts of hsv-1-infected cells labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination and precipitated with rabbit sera or igg and protein a-sepharose. in subsequent experiments, g70 and ge were coprecipitated ... | 1987 | 3035221 |
| expression of the hsv specified major dna-binding protein in virus infected raji and vero cells. | we studied the expression of the herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) specified major dna-binding protein (icsp 11/12) in virus infected raji and vero cells. immunofluorescence staining by a specific icsp 11/12 antiserum distinguished between different cell-virus interactions. icsp 11/12 synthesized in the hsv-2 infected vero cells showed dense homogenous nuclear staining early in the infection. during virus replication the pattern changed into a less dense, somewhat marginating staining. the cor ... | 1987 | 3034205 |
| virus-specific igm and igg antibody production by b cells during herpes simplex virus type 2-induced immunosuppression as analysed by an immunospot assay. | the mechanism of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2-induced immunosuppression was analysed by determination of the number of igm and igg antibody-secreting b cells in female balb/c mice using an immunospot assay. primary hsv-1 or -2 as well as homologous or heterologous booster infections at different times were performed. in accordance with earlier results on humoral antibody generation, in contrast to hsv-1, hsv-2 induced only very low numbers of antibody-producing b cells in dose-response experimen ... | 1987 | 3037017 |
| recovery of herpes simplex virus from the corneas of experimentally infected rabbits. | rabbits were inoculated in the left cornea with one of three strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv) i.e. hsv-1 strain 17, hsv-1 strain mckrae, hsv-2 strain hg52, or with and hsv-1 mckrae/hsv-2 hg52 recombinant r40/2. fifty-nine to 67 days after inoculation trigeminal ganglia and corneas were explanted and screened for release of infectious virus. virus was isolated from all left trigeminal ganglia after organ culture irrespective of viral strain. virus was isolated from three of 16 corneas of ani ... | 1987 | 3037020 |
| the 65,000-mr dna-binding and virion trans-inducing proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the possible identity of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) 65k (65,000-mr) virion protein which stimulates transcription from immediate-early genes with the hsv-1 65k dna-binding protein was investigated. the two proteins were found to be distinct by the three separate criteria of immunological reactivity, tryptic peptide fingerprinting, and mobility in two-dimensional gels. using hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants and a serotype-specific antiserum, we located the gene encoding the 65k dn ... | 1987 | 3037105 |
| an optimized thymidylate kinase assay, based on enzymatically synthesized 5-[125i]iododeoxyuridine monophosphate and its application to an immunological study of herpes simplex virus thymidine-thymidylate kinases. | the biological synthesis and purification of 5-[125i]iododeoxyuridine monophosphate (idump) are described. the specificity of idump as substrate in the thymidylate monophosphate kinase (tmpk) assay is demonstrated, and a 100-fold gain in sensitivity as compared to the conventional tmpk assay is shown. tmpk measurements of isozymes derived from herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, uninfected cells, and tumor biopsies were performed. the results showed a significant difference in dependence ... | 1987 | 3037945 |
| nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus type 2 and comparison with the type 1 counterpart. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 strain 186 has been determined. the gene included a 3720-bp major open reading frame capable of encoding 1240 amino acids. the predicted primary translation product had an mr of 137,354, which was slightly larger than its hsv-1 counterpart. a comparison of the predicted functional amino acid sequences of the hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna polymerases revealed 95.5% overall amino acid homology, the value of whic ... | 1987 | 3038677 |
| macromolecular synthesis at the early stage of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) latency in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32: repression of late viral polypeptide synthesis and accumulation of cellular heat-shock proteins. | we have shown that a latent infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) can be established in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32 if the infected cells are cultured at 40 degrees c. in the present study, viral polypeptides and cellular heat-shock proteins which were synthesized in hsv-2 infected imr-32 cells cultured at 40 degrees c were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it was found that the synthesis of late viral polypeptide icp 5 was markedly reduced in the infected cel ... | 1987 | 3039946 |
| antibody response to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d: effects of acyclovir and relation to recurrence. | we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for measuring the antibody response to herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein d (gd). the elisa was specific and more sensitive than immunoblotting techniques. antibody to hsv gd was detected in 10 of 12 sera (geometric mean titer, 36.3) obtained from hsv-2-infected guinea pigs 14 days after intravaginal inoculation, and the titer increased to greater than or equal to 5,120 on day 60. therapy with acyclovir delayed and diminished the ant ... | 1987 | 3039009 |
| antiviral antibodies in the sera of homosexual men: correlation with their lifestyle and drug usage. | healthy homosexual men between the ages of 21 and 65 years, from the washington, dc (n = 162), and new york city (n = 89) areas, were studied for antibodies in the serum against cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, and epstein barr virus (ebv) viral capsid antigen (vca). cmv-specific antibodies were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), anti-hsv-1 and -2 antibodies were measured by indirect hemagglutination (iha), and antibodies to ebv vca were measure ... | 1987 | 3029318 |
| photodynamic inactivation of influenza and herpes viruses by hematoporphyrin. | hematoporphyrin (hp), at concentrations as low as 0.5 microgram/ml, was found to inhibit the in vitro replication of influenza a and herpes simplex viruses, but not of several other viruses. the effect required exposure of the viruses or cells to visible light and was demonstrable when hp was administered shortly before virus inoculation or during the infection. in studies on the mechanism of action of hp, we found that in the presence of light, hp caused decomposition of gmp but not of various ... | 1987 | 3026246 |
| induction of cellular functions in spontaneously immortalized rat-2 cells transfected with cloned herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna. | experiments were done to determine if cloned transforming sequences from herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna confer upon transfected rat-2 cells the capacity to be stimulated in phospholipase and cyclooxygenase activities following 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) treatment. tumor-derived rat-2 cells transformed with sub-fragments (bamhi-e, hindiii/hpai-ed, or psti-c) overlapping the right-hand end of the bglii-c transforming region of hsv-2 dna were stimulated by tpa in both phosp ... | 1987 | 3026679 |
| transmission of infection with herpes simplex virus by renal transplantation. | disseminated infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 was identified in two patients 20 days after they had received kidney transplants from the same organ donor. neither patient had neutralizing antibody to herpes simplex virus before transplantation, and both had herpes simplex virus isolated from surveillance cultures of urine before the onset of clinical symptoms. a clear focus of primary infection was not found in either patient. analysis of the patients' isolates by dna restriction endon ... | 1987 | 3027191 |
| three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2: one lacking the genes us10, us11 and us12 and two in which rs has been extended by 6 kb to 0.91 map units with loss of us sequences between 0.94 and the us/trs junction. | in the process of generating restriction endonuclease site deletion mutants, we have isolated and characterized three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), strain hg52, with large genomic deletions in us and trs. the deleted sequences (7.5 kb) extend from 0.94 map coordinates (m.c.) to 0.99 m.c. and are presumed to contain the hsv-2 gene equivalents of us10, 11 and 12, one copy of immediate early (ie) gene 3 and one copy of an origin of replication (oris). one of the mutants (hg52x163x ... | 1987 | 3027237 |
| antiviral activities of human monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus. | hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against herpes simplex virus (hsv) were established by fusing human tonsillar lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. three hybridomas have been stably producing mabs for more than 16 months. all three mabs--h1, h2, and h3--were of the igg1 isotype and recognized the gb glycoprotein of hsv types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). mabs h2 and h3 not only bound to the surface membrane of hsv-infected cells but also neutralized both hsv-1 and hsv-2, whe ... | 1987 | 3025308 |
| neonatal herpes simplex virus infection occurring in second twin of an asymptomatic mother. failure of a modern protocol. | a case of neonatal herpes that occurred after vaginal delivery in the absence of genital lesions is presented. the mother had a history of drug addiction and genital herpes. asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2 from the cervix was noted in the second trimester of pregnancy. despite being followed with a protocol of close surveillance and serial culturing of the genital tract, the patient gave birth to twins, one of whom developed herpes simplex virus type 2 in the postpartum peri ... | 1987 | 3025467 |
| mutants defective in herpes simplex virus type 2 icp4: isolation and preliminary characterization. | vero cells were biochemically transformed with the gene encoding icp4 of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). these cells were used as permissive hosts to isolate and propagate hsv-2 mutants defective in this gene. two mutants, designated hr259 and hr79, were isolated. neither mutant grew in nontransformed vero cells, but both grew to near wild-type levels in hsv-2 icp4-expressing cells. hr259 contains a deletion of about 0.6 kilobases which eliminates the mrna start site of the icp4 gene. hr79 ... | 1987 | 3029403 |
| virus-specific dth prevents contralateral retinitis following intracameral inoculation of hsv-2. | following inoculation of hsv-1 (kos strain) into the anterior chamber of one eye of a balb/c mouse, the virus travels to the uninoculated contralateral eye and contributes to the devastating retinal necrosis which occurs in this eye 10-12 days p.i. in parallel experiments, hsv-2 (ms strain) was inoculated uniocularly via the anterior chamber route; animals were sacrificed at intervals and their eyes removed for histopathology and virus culture. histopathological examination revealed that, in con ... | 1987 | 3030636 |
| nucleotide sequences important in dna replication are responsible for differences in the capacity of two herpes simplex virus strains to spread from cornea to central nervous system. | two herpes simplex virus (hsv) intertypic recombinants were isolated with genomes composed entirely of hsv-2(186) nucleotide sequences except for a 6.0 kb segment of hsv-1(17) dna positioned between 0.40 and 0.44 map units. following corneal infection of mice, hsv-1(17) and the two intertypic recombinants spread from infected eyes into the central nervous system and induced a fatal encephalitis. ocular infection with the hsv-2(186) parent did not lead to detectable amounts of virus in the brain, ... | 1987 | 3030643 |
| failure of intertypic recombinant constructed from hsv-1 x hsv-2 virulent parents to induce ocular pathology. | an intertypic recombinant constructed from hsv-1 x hsv-2 parents was isolated which failed to induce any overt ocular pathology when inoculated onto the sacrificed cornea of four-week-old sjl/j mice. during the 24-48 hour post-infection period there was transient virus replication but by day 3 the infectious titer in the eye had dropped by greater than or equal to 10(4)-fold, and little or no virus could be recovered thereafter. when immunosuppressed (600 r) mice were infected corneally, virus c ... | 1987 | 3030649 |
| vaccination with recombinant herpes simplex virus glycoproteins: protection against initial and recurrent genital herpes. | the natural history of initial and subsequent recurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) genital infection was studied in guinea pigs immunized with hsv glycoprotein vaccines before vaginal challenge with hsv-2. the vaccines used included hsv-1 glycoprotein b and hsv-1 glycoprotein d, both prepared by recombinant dna techniques, and mixtures of hsv-1 or hsv-2 glycoproteins, prepared from infected cell monolayers by lectin chromatography. immunizing guinea pigs with subunit hsv glycoprotein vaccines fa ... | 1987 | 3031173 |
| acquisition of concomitant oral and genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | primary oral and genital infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 were diagnosed in an 18-year-old female. a history of sexual practices was critical in determining the anatomic sites of infection. restriction endonuclease analysis of viral dnas helped to identify the male sexual partner from whom the virus had been acquired. he had been infected recently by a previous sexual partner but had not yet developed lesions. clinicians should obtain a history of sexual practices from patients w ... | 1987 | 3031834 |
| nucleosides. 139. synthesis and anticytomegalovirus and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 5'-modified analogues of 2'-fluoroarabinosylpyrimidine nucleosides. | in order to determine if modification of the 5'-position reduces or abolishes the antiviral activity of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-c (fiac), 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-u (fiau), or 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-ara-u (fmau) against human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv), the 5'-deoxy, 5'-mercapto, and 5'-amino analogues of these nucleosides were prepared. 5'-deoxy-fiac and 5'-deoxy-fiau were prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 5'-iodo-fiac and 5'-iodo-fiau to 5'-deoxy-fac and 5'-deoxy-fau, resp ... | 1987 | 3027334 |
| inhibition of cell-associated herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoproteins by delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. | this study was conducted to define the effect of micromolar concentrations of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-thc) on the biosynthesis and expression of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2)-specified glycoproteins. dose-related reductions in all species of virus glycoproteins were recorded by one-dimensional sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and autoradiography of [14c]glucosamine-labeled infected vero cells treated with 10(-7) to 10(-5) m delta 9-thc. a drug dose-related dep ... | 1987 | 3033681 |
| immunization of experimental animals with reconstituted glycoprotein mixtures of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2: protection against challenge with virulent virus. | artificial mixtures of the glycoproteins b, c, d, and e of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), purified individually from infected vero cell lysates by immunoaffinity to monoclonal antibodies, were bound to an aluminum hydroxide gel and were used to immunize mice, guinea pigs, and owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) once or twice (mice and guinea pigs) to as many as four times (owl monkeys). in all animals tested, low levels of neutralizing antibodies were detected only after two or more ... | 1987 | 3031174 |
| clinical epidemiology of symptomatic primary herpetic infection in children. a study of 50 cases. | we have studied a series of 50 children with clinical primary herpetic infection during 1975-1985. our data confirm: absence of sex differences and seasonal variations, a peak age of incidence between 6 and 24 months, a prevalence of patients of lower social status, evidence of recurrent herpes labialis as the most frequent source of infection, and frequency of herpes simplex virus 1 gingivostomatitis. the relevant findings of this study were as follows: herpes simplex virus 2 was isolated in 10 ... | 1987 | 3031926 |
| transcriptional induction of proto-oncogene fos by hsv-2. | hsv-2 induces the transcription of c-fos gene in both human (diploid) cell strains and mouse (heteroploid) cell lines. hsv-1 is incapable of such induction. the induction of transcription is rapid and transient in both cell types. the product of transcriptional induction of c-fos in mouse cells is mainly a 4.5 kb fos mrna along with lesser amount of a 2.2 kb fos mrna, while in human cells the 4.5 kb mrna is the only detectable product. both the 4.5 kb and 2.2 kb fos mrnas are mature gene product ... | 1987 | 3032180 |
| inhibitory effect of azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one) on herpes simplex viruses. in vivo and in vitro studies. | enhanced activity of antiviral agents, when mixed with a penetration enhancer like azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one) in topical preparations, is well-recognized. these studies were undertaken to investigate whether azone, per se, has any activity against herpes simplex (hsv) type 1 and type 2 viruses. when hsv-1 and hsv-2 were mixed with 5, 10 and 20% azone, there was a 1-4.5 log10 decrease in virus titers. the efficacy of 5 and 10% azone applied topically was evaluated during the treatment ... | 1987 | 3032527 |
| effect of dehydrating agents on dna organization in herpes viruses. | with routine procedures of epon- or gma-embedding and a stain specific for dna, the nucleoid of mature herpes simplex virus-type 1 (hsv-1) assumes the well-known form of a short, compact, hollow cylinder or torus. a new, more complex organization of dna filaments in encapsidated hsv-1 was found in infected cells after aldehyde fixation, methanol dehydration, and lowicryl embedment. we have determined that it is the use of methanol as dehydrating agent that permits visualization of this internal ... | 1987 | 3033063 |
| suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity to herpes simplex virus type 1 following immunization with anti-idiotypic antibody: an example of split tolerance. | intraperitoneal (i.p.) immunization with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or an anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-id c) prepared against a monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein c of hsv-1, tolerizes mice for an hsv-1 delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) response. this tolerization could be adoptively transferred to naive x-irradiated mice by splenic t cells, and was specific for hsv-1 dth. thus, dth-tolerized mice responded to vaccinia virus or hsv-2 challenge, while remaining tolerized fo ... | 1987 | 3033128 |
| recurrences after oral and genital herpes simplex virus infection. influence of site of infection and viral type. | we prospectively followed 39 adults with concurrent primary herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection (12 with hsv type 1 and 27 with hsv type 2) of the oropharynx and genitalia, caused by the same virus in each person, to evaluate the influence of viral type (hsv-1 vs. hsv-2) and site of infection (oropharyngeal vs. genital) on the frequency of recurrence. the subsequent recurrence patterns of hsv infection differed markedly according to viral type and anatomical site. oral-labial recurrences develo ... | 1987 | 3033506 |
| processing of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gg-2 results in secretion of a 34,000-mr cleavage product. | herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gg-2 undergoes a cleavage event during its synthesis and processing. the focus of this report is on the detection and fate of the small-molecular-weight component of gg-2, designated the 34k component. in cultures containing the inhibitor monensin, a 31k component accumulated within infected cells. in contrast, the intracellular accumulation of this 31k precursor was not detected in cultures grown in the absence of the inhibitor. however, the 34k componen ... | 1987 | 3033302 |
| efficacy of 5-vinyl-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil (varau) against herpes simplex virus type 2 strains in cell cultures and against experimental herpes encephalitis in mice: comparison with acyclovir and foscarnet. | the sensitivity of different herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strains to inhibition by 5-vinyl-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil (varau) was evaluated in comparison to 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acv; acyclovir) and trisodiumphosphonoformate (na3pfa; foscarnet), using a plaque inhibition assay in primary rabbit testes (prt) cells as well as in human embryonic lung fibroblast (helf) cell cultures. the order of decreasing activity found was acv much greater than varau greater than na3pfa in ... | 1987 | 2855541 |
| comparative polypeptide analysis of human, murine and strigis herpesviruses with murine cytomegalovirus by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | the polypeptide composition of five purified murine herpesvirus (mhv) strains grown in a stable line of rabbit embryo fibroblasts (ref) was analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and compared with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). about 24 structural polypeptides of molecular mass ranging from 275,000 to 25,000 were identified in mhv and hsv-1. the polypeptide profiles of mhv and hsv-1, showed a close similarity. the polypeptides of mhv were further ... | 1987 | 2883851 |
| studies of the major dna binding proteins of two bovine herpes mammillitis virus isolates. | antigenic cross-reaction of the dna-binding protein between herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and two bovine herpes mammillitis virus (bhmv) isolates (bhm-1 and bhmv csiro 290) was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence. southern blot analysis showed a region of homology between hsv-2 bglii o dna (coding for the hsv-2 major dna-binding protein) and bhmv xbai dna fragment n, suggesting a similar gene map unit position on both genomes. | 1987 | 2886026 |
| high levels of cytomegalovirus antibody in patients requiring vascular surgery for atherosclerosis. | 157 caucasian male patients undergoing vascular surgery for atherosclerosis and a matched control group of patients with high cholesterol levels were screened for antibodies to cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) and type 2 (hsv2), indicative of persistent infection. the prevalence of cmv antibodies was higher in the surgical group than in the control group (90% and 74%, respectively), and a significantly greater percentage (p less than 0.001) of surgical cases than cont ... | 1987 | 2886763 |
| synthesis, structure, and biological activity of certain 2-deoxy-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranosyl nucleosides and nucleotides. | 2-deoxy-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranosyl nucleosides with adenine (2), hypoxanthine (17), guanine (23), cytosine (13), and uracil (7) as the aglycon were synthesized by the lewis-acid catalyzed condensation of an appropriate trimethylsilylated heterocyclic base and 2-deoxy-1,3,4,6-tetrakis-o-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranose+ ++ (5) to provide the desired beta anomers in good yield. when the synthesis of 7 via an sn2 displacement was attempted by reaction between silylated uracil and 2-deoxy-3, ... | 1987 | 3585903 |
| detection of asymptomatic herpes simplex virus infections after vaccination. | twenty-two volunteers seronegative for antibodies to herpes simplex virus (hsv) were enrolled in a trial to determine tolerance and immunogenicity of an hsv-2 glycoprotein subunit vaccine. vaccine was administered at days 0, 28, and 140, and sera were obtained on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 56, 140, 147, and 365 for determination of hsv neutralizing antibody activity and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (adcc). sera were also tested by immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled hsv-2-infected ce ... | 1987 | 3806788 |
| intrauterine herpes simplex virus infections. | neonatal herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is usually acquired at birth, although a few infants have had findings suggestive of intrauterine infection. we describe 13 babies who had clinical manifestations of intrauterine hsv infection, including skin lesions and scars at birth (12), chorioretinitis (eight), microcephaly (seven), hydranencephaly (five), and microphthalmia (two). all infants had combinations of these defects. infection was proved by viral isolation in each case; all isolates w ... | 1987 | 3794894 |
| antiviral activity of 5'-paa and 5'-pfa phosphate esters of 2'-deoxyuridines. | the 5'-paa and 5'-pfa phosphate esters of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (budr) were synthesized and their antiherpes virus activity was evaluated in vitro. both compounds showed activity of the same order as the parent nucleoside, budr, against hsv-2 but were 4 to 12 times less potent against hsv-1. the 5'-paa phosphate ester of budr (ro 21-9875) was also active against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). the 5'-paa phosphate ester of 5-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was ... | 1986 | 2947889 |
| hsv infected raji-cells specify hsv specific immediate early and/or early dna-binding proteins. | herpes simplex virus specified dna-binding proteins were purified from virus infected vero and raji cells. the expression of the proteins differed depending on the type of the host cell. polypeptides corresponding to hsv-1 specific icp 8 and hsv-2 specific icsp 11/12 were the major products of hsv-infected vero cells. in raji cells polypeptides with a corresponding molecular weight, together with a cellular protein having almost similar mobility on sds gels could be detected. using immuno-blotti ... | 1986 | 3002298 |
| induction of chromosomal aberrations in human cells by a temperature-sensitive mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 and its revertants. | the induction of chromosomal aberrations by a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strain hg52 (ts 13), its revertants 4-8 and 5-8 and by etalon strains hsv-1 17 syn+ and hsv-2 hg52 was studied in human fibroblast and lymphocyte cultures. the effect on chromosomes of the revertants was tested at permissive (31 degrees c) and non-permissive (38 degrees c) temperatures. at 38 degrees c the revertants could not induce dnase activity. the present results contribut ... | 1986 | 2874732 |
| the effect of food dye and other environmental substances on the host defense reaction in mice in relation to virus infection. | environmental substances were examined for their effect on interferon induction and delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) responses in mice. amaranth, safrole, phenacetin and nicotine suppressed the dth response, and suppressed the serum interferon titers induced by virus infection. however, they did not affect the interferon titers which were induced by tilorone, a chemical inducer. the peak of interferon titer was 12 hours after infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). therefore, amar ... | 1986 | 2432279 |
| transcriptional induction of cellular gene expression during lytic infection with herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus type 2 causes a severe repression of host cell biosynthesis at a number of levels. we show that despite this, non-viral cdna clones derived from cellular rna species which accumulate to high levels after infection can be isolated using differential screening techniques. by using nuclear run-off assays, we have shown that this rna accumulation is mediated by transcriptional induction of the corresponding cellular genes. | 1986 | 2883998 |
| an in vitro latency system for herpes simplex virus type 2. | an in vitro latency system for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in cultured cells has been developed. virus replication was suppressed by infection of human foetal lung cells at the supraoptimal temperature of 42 degrees c, and, following transfer of such cell cultures to the normal growth temperature of 37 degrees c, infectious virus was generally undetectable for at least 6 days. hsv-2 was reactivated by intertypic superinfection at 38.5 degrees c with temperature-sensitive mutants of hsv-1 ... | 1986 | 3003243 |
| mothers of children with down syndrome have higher herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antibody levels. | the antibody response to herpes simplex virus (hsv) was studied in 53 mothers of children with down syndrome (ds) and compared with that in 154 controls, using sera sampled during pregnancy or at delivery. conventional analysis of hsv complement fixing antibodies showed the same frequency of positivity for the two groups (70%). when the levels of igg antibodies to an hsv-1 and an hsv-2 antigen preparation were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique, it was found tha ... | 1986 | 3002957 |
| infection of the adrenal gland as a route to the central nervous system after viraemia with herpes simplex virus in the mouse. | intravenous inoculation of 4-week-old female nih (inbred) mice with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strain p2c6 (defective in thymidine kinase) produced bilateral hind limb paralysis in nearly all animals by the 5th day after inoculation; very few mice died. in male mice the incidence and severity of paralysis was considerably lower than in females. the parental strain, cl(101), produced similar paralysis but all mice died by day 7. observations on paralysis and death after intravenous inocu ... | 1986 | 3003239 |
| age-specific prevalence of antibodies to pyrimidine kinase enzymes of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and of varicella zoster virus. | the age-specific prevalence of antibodies to pyrimidine kinase enzymes of herpes simplex virus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) and of varicella zoster virus (vzv) was measured in serum specimens from 360 persons. specific inhibition of viral enzyme activity by the serum was used as an indication of the presence of antibodies to the enzyme. for hsv-1 and hsv-2 together the overall prevalence of positive sera increased with age and reached about 50% in the older age groups, the major part of the pos ... | 1986 | 3003247 |
| hexavalent capsomers of herpes simplex virus type 2: symmetry, shape, dimensions, and oligomeric status. | the structures of the hexavalent capsomers of herpes simplex virus type 2 were analyzed by negative staining electron microscopy of capsomer patches derived from partially disrupted nucleocapsids. optimally computer-averaged images were formed for each of the three classes of capsomer distinguished by their respective positions on the surface of the icosahedral capsid with a triangulation number of 16; in projection, each capsomer exhibited unequivocal sixfold symmetry. according to corresponden ... | 1986 | 3003389 |
| delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol decreases alpha/beta interferon response to herpes simplex virus type 2 in the b6c3f1 mouse. | this study was undertaken to determine the effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-thc) on polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(i):poly(c)]-induced, and on herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-induced, alpha/beta interferon in the b6c3f1 mouse. animals were administered delta 9-thc, or the diluent, intraperitoneally for 4 consecutive days or at various time intervals prior to administration of the interferon inducer. poly(i):poly(c) or hsv-2 was injected intravenously on day 4. animals r ... | 1986 | 3003756 |
| immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2: viral antigen-presenting capacity of epidermal cells and its impairment by ultraviolet irradiation. | ia+ epidermal cells (ec) had accessory cell function for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-induced t cell proliferation of immune lymph node cells (lnc). the ec-mediated virus-induced proliferative response of immune lnc was inhibited by ultraviolet b (uvb) irradiation. when ec were pulsed with viral antigen before uvb irradiation, the response was partially restored by addition of epidermal cell-derived thymocyte-activating factor (etaf). although normal ec secreted prostaglandin e2, the leve ... | 1986 | 3001186 |
| typing of herpes simplex virus with synthetic dna probes. | three single-stranded oligonucleotide probes, 22 bases long, homologous to unique regions of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) and a region common to both were chemically synthesized with use of a modified phosphochloridite protocol. for hybridization experiments each probe was labeled with use of polynucleotide kinase and [gamma-32p] atp to a specific activity of approximately 2 x 10(9) cpm/micrograms. two hundred one clinical isolates of hsv (96 hsv-1 and 105 hsv-2) coll ... | 1986 | 3005436 |
| immunological reactivity of human sera with individual herpes simplex proteins: a comparative study of sera from patients with preinvasive or invasive cervical cancer and from controls. | forty-three human sera collected from patients with preinvasive or invasive cervical carcinoma were analyzed for their repertoire of herpes simplex virus (hsv) specific antibodies reactive with individual viral hsv-1 and hsv-2 proteins. the reactivity was compared to that of sera from 27 control persons. the patients and controls were clinically and histologically characterized in a previous study we carried out, where the analysis of the hla-antigen pattern was compared among the groups [vass-s ... | 1986 | 3005489 |
| characterization of the genes encoding herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 alkaline exonucleases and overlapping proteins. | a detailed sequence analysis of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 dna encoding the alkaline exonuclease mrna clusters has been completed. three partially colinear mrnas (2.3, 1.9, and 0.9 kilobases) are completely encoded within the dna sequence presented. the putative promoter regions of the transcripts were inserted upstream of a plasmid-borne chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) gene and assayed for their ability to induce transcription of the cat gene upon low multiplicit ... | 1986 | 3005609 |
| identification, properties, and gene location of a novel glycoprotein specified by herpes simplex virus 1. | we report the identification of a novel herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein reactive with type specific monoclonal antibody h1379. the monoclonal antibody reacted with two broad bands with apparent mol wt of 60k to 68k and 44k to 48k formed by infected cell lysates subjected to electrophoresis in denaturing polyacrylamide gels and electrically transferred to a nitrocellulose sheet. early in infection the h1379 reactive protein was found in the faster migrating band. the rate of accumulat ... | 1986 | 3006335 |
| comparison of risk factors for cervical cancer in different populations. | the incidence of cervical cancer has been found to vary between populations. risk factors of cervical cancer include early age at first marriage, multiple marriages and antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the interrelatedness of these risk factors was examined by comparing data collected from 428 cancer cases and 947 control women selected from 6 populations having standardized cervical cancer incidence rates varying from 9.3 to 85.1 per 100,000. logistic regression analysis revea ... | 1986 | 3007372 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 dna sequences which direct spread of virus from cornea to central nervous system. | the virulence of a herpes simplex virus (hsv) intertypic recombinant possessing hsv-1 dna sequences from map units 0.31 to 0.44 and hsv-2 sequences from map units 0 to 0.30 and 0.45 to 1.0 were compared with the virulence of the two parental strains. following ocular inoculation, both the intertypic recombinant and the hsv-1 parent replicated at the infection site and spread to the peripheral and central nervous system (cns) to produce fatal encephalitis. the hsv-2 parent also replicated at the ... | 1986 | 3008422 |
| efficacy of 5-methoxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in combination with arabinosyladenine for the treatment of primary herpes simplex genital infection of mice and guinea pigs. | the relative efficacy of 5-methoxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (mmdurd), arabinosyladenine (ara-a) and the combination of mmdurd and ara-a in the treatment of experimental genital herpes (gh) was investigated using mouse and guinea pig models. the infection was initiated by intravaginal inoculation using either hsv-2, strain x-265 or hsv-2, strain ms. treatment was initiated 3 h post virus inoculation. the parameters used to evaluate efficacy were: percent mortality; mean day of death; virus yield fro ... | 1986 | 3008644 |
| intracellular localization and serological identification of a hsv-2 protein in cervical cancer. | exfoliated atypical cells from us and italian patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or invasive cancer stained in indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody to a high mw hsv-2 protein (icp10). the proportion of staining cells increased as a function of the severity of the cervical anaplasia. in the majority of cases with mild or moderate dysplasia staining was restricted to the cytoplasm while atypical cells from 6 of 7 cases with marked dysplasia and 7 of 7 cases with inv ... | 1986 | 3009194 |
| cloning and characterization of oril2, a large palindromic dna replication origin of herpes simplex virus type 2. | an origin of replication within the long unique sequence of herpes simplex virus type 2 designated oril2 has been identified in a position homologous to its type 1 counterpart, oril1, between map coordinates 0.398 and 0.413. the difficulties encountered in previous attempts to clone both oril2 and oril1 in an undeleted form were surmounted by minimizing the growth of the host escherichia coli, using a recbc sbcb e. coli host, and purifying the full-length plasmid from delected forms by using a n ... | 1986 | 3009865 |
| pathogenicity in mice of herpes simplex virus type 2 mutants unable to express glycoprotein c. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) mutants that were unable to express glycoprotein c (gc-2) were isolated. deletions were made in a cloned copy of the gc-2 gene, and recombinant viruses containing these deletions were screened by using an immunoreactive plaque selection protocol. the viruses did not display a syncytial phenotype. intravaginal inoculation of balb/cj mice with one of the hsv-2 gc-2- viruses produced local inflammation followed by a lethal spread of the viral infection into the n ... | 1986 | 3005656 |
| identification by antibody to a synthetic peptide of a protein specified by a diploid gene located in the terminal repeats of the l component of herpes simplex virus genome. | in the course of studies on the a sequences located at the termini of and at the junction between the l and s components of herpes simplex virus 1 dna, j. chou and b. roizman (j. virol. 57:629-637, 1986) noted that the a sequence acted as a gamma 1 promoter when fused to the structural sequence of the thymidine kinase gene, the b inverted repeat sequences located in the l component next to the a sequences contained an open reading frame predicted to encode the protein of 358 amino acids with a m ... | 1986 | 3009891 |
| effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on herpes simplex virus type 2 vaginal infection in the guinea pig. | the present investigation was undertaken to determine whether delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-thc) decreases host resistance to herpes simplex virus type 2 vaginal infection in the guinea pig. the guinea pig was selected as the host since it has been shown to express a spectrum of primary herpes genitalis which is similar to that in humans. animals were administered delta 9-thc or vehicle intraperitoneally on days 1-4, 8-11, and 15-18. herpes simplex virus was introduced intravaginally on ... | 1986 | 3010327 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 2-specified glycoprotein with affinity for n-acetylgalactosamine-specific lectins and its identification as g92k or gg. | extracts from herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-infected cells were subjected to affinity chromatography with gel-bound helix pomatia lectin (hpa). only one hsv-2-specified glycoprotein was isolated by this procedure and the glycoprotein had an apparent molecular weight of 130 000 (130k). the hpa-binding glycoprotein was genetically mapped, using hsv-1 x hsv-2 intertypic recombinants into the short component of the hsv-2 genome. the mapping position, electrophoretic mobility and the antigenic ... | 1986 | 3007660 |
| a filamentous distribution for the herpes simplex virus type 2-encoded major dna-binding protein. | monoclonal antibodies reacting with the herpes simplex virus (hsv)-encoded major dna-binding protein defined an intracellular filamentous network. this network was associated predominantly with the infected cell nucleus and occurred in cells infected with hsv type 2. it did not co-distribute with microfilaments, microtubules or intermediate filaments, and dna synthesis was required for its formation. we suggest explanations for the occurrence and function of this novel filamentous network struct ... | 1986 | 3014046 |
| novel herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins identified by antiserum against a synthetic oligopeptide from the predicted product of gene us4. | gene us4 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has been predicted, from dna sequence analysis, to encode a protein of molecular weight 25237 and its properties suggest it to be a membrane-associated protein. we have investigated this protein by raising antiserum to a synthetic oligopeptide corresponding to a stretch of amino acids from an internal hydrophilic region of the predicted sequence. this antiserum immunoprecipitates three glycoprotein species of apparent mol. wt. 37 000, 48 000 and 56 ... | 1986 | 3007661 |
| antibody response to the herpes simplex virus type 2 ag-4 antigen in guinea pigs with genital herpes infections. | female guinea pigs, inoculated intravaginally with a herpes simplex virus-type 2 (hsv-2) strain m1, developed typical symptoms of a primary and recurrent genital herpes infection. sera from hsv-2 infected guinea pigs taken during the primary or recurrent stages of the genital infection contained complement (c)-fixing antibody which reacted with an apparent type specificity to an early 4 h hsv-2 infected cell extract (ag-4) when compared to a 4 h hsv-1 infected cell extract. this c-fixing anti-ag ... | 1986 | 3008691 |
| recurrent genital herpes and suppressive oral acyclovir therapy. relation between clinical outcome and in-vitro drug sensitivity. | to evaluate the association between in-vitro resistance of herpes simplex virus type 2 to acyclovir and breakthrough recurrences of herpes despite chronic suppressive therapy, we determined the in-vitro sensitivity of herpes simplex virus isolated before, during, and after therapy. one hundred eighty-three virus isolates from 107 patients were tested. before therapy, the median amount of drug required to inhibit 50% of the virus in tissue culture (id50) was 0.91 microgram/ml. the median id50 aft ... | 1986 | 3010782 |
| genital reinfection after recovery from initial genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in guinea pigs. | the natural history of genital reinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) three weeks to one year after initial infection was explored by using a guinea pig model. intravaginal reinoculation with hsv-2 of animals that had recovered from initial genital infection produced by wild-type or thymidine kinase-deficient hsv-2 produced asymptomatic genital reinfection characterized by high-titered replication of hsv-2 in the vaginal vault. reinoculation did not result in acute neural infection ... | 1986 | 3009643 |
| synthesis and antiviral properties of 5-(2-substituted vinyl)-6-aza-2'-deoxyuridines. | the following 5-(2-substituted vinyl)-6-aza-2'-deoxyuridines were synthesized: (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl) (2) (6-aza-bvdu), 5-(2-bromo-2-fluorovinyl) (a mixture of e and z isomers) (3), (e)-5-(2-chlorovinyl) (4), (e)-5-[2-(methylthio)vinyl] (5), 5-(2,2-dibromovinyl) (6), and 5-(3-furyl) (7). the synthesis of 2-6 utilized wittig-type reactions on 5-formyl-1-(2'-deoxy-3', 5'-di-o-p-toluoyl-beta-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-6-azauracil (16). 6-aza-bvdu (and its alpha-anomer) was also synthesized from (e)-5- ... | 1986 | 3009815 |
| molecular cloning of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna. | restriction enzyme hindiii digestion of the whole genome of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 186 yielded 10 dna fragments with molecular weights ranging from approximately 22 x 10(6) to 1.2 x 10(6), which were cloned into the hindiii site of bacterial plasmid pacyc 184. the cloned fragments were identified by hybridization to hsv-2 virus dna and by double digestion with restriction endonucleases. the recombinant plasmids, even if they carried dna sequences with molecular weights of more than 1 ... | 1986 | 3011764 |
| acute genital infection in guinea pigs: effect of recombinant interleukin-2 on herpes simplex virus type 2. | human recombinant interleukin-2 (ril-2) modifies infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in normal guinea pigs. animals were injected sc with ril-2 twice a day, beginning 24 hr before infection and continuing for three subsequent days. guinea pigs were assigned to five different regimens in which ril-2 was administered daily at dosages from 8 x 10(3) u/kg to 8 x 10(5) u/kg. after intravaginal inoculation with hsv-2, 83% of 24 control animals developed apparent genital herpes, and 5% h ... | 1986 | 3011918 |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus-induced dna polymerases and cellular dna polymerase alpha by triphosphates of acyclic guanosine analogs. | the triphosphates of the antiherpes acyclic guanosine analogs (r)- and (s)-enantiomers of 9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine [bcvtp and (s)-dhbgtp], 9-(4-hydroxybutyl)guanine (hbgtp), and 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acvtp) were investigated for their effects on partially purified dna polymerases of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) as well as cellular dna polymerase alpha of calf thymus and vero cells. the triphosphates of the four analogs were all competitive inhibitors ... | 1986 | 3012321 |
| specific inhibition of herpesvirus ribonucleotide reductase by synthetic peptides. | ribonucleotide reductase is an essential enzyme for dna synthesis in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; it catalyses the reductive conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. several herpesviruses including herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, pseudorabies virus (prv), equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) have been found to induce novel ribonucleotide reductase activities. there is evidence that the hsv-1 ribonucleotide reductase activity is virus-e ... | 1986 | 3012359 |
| a rapid detection of herpes simplex virus by elisa in asymptomatic pregnant women and neonates. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the assay system employed rabbit anti-hsv-2-coated microplates to detect hsv in clinical specimens and the same reagent labelled with peroxidase as a conjugate. the hsv type 2 obtained from vero cell culture and normal cell lysate (ncl) were used as positive and negative reference antigens respectively. hsv was detected in 40 (9.93%) of vaginal swabs obtained from 403 pregnant women just before the deliveri ... | 1986 | 3016912 |
| efficacy of the acyclic guanosine analog buciclovir [(r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine] in experimental genital herpes. | the efficacy of the anti-herpesvirus drug buciclovir [(r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine] was investigated in guinea pigs and mice infected intravaginally with herpes simplex virus type 2. topical treatment initiated early after infection was efficacious, in contrast to topical treatment delayed 24 h or more. systemic treatment of infected mice could not prevent the spread of virus to the brain and mortality. systemically administered buciclovir had an effect in guinea pigs, even after delayed on ... | 1986 | 3013082 |
| asymptomatic virus shedding in men with genital herpes infection. | 13 men with a history of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection were followed daily for 4 weeks with samples taken from the urethra for virus isolation. asymptomatic virus shedding occurred in 5 men who had 1 single positive isolation each. four of these urethral isolates were typed as hsv-1 and 1 as hsv-2. | 1986 | 3016883 |
| comparison of susceptibilities of varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex viruses to nucleoside analogs. | the susceptibilities of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) to 17 nucleoside analogs were compared by a plaque reduction assay with human embryonic lung fibroblast cells. the susceptibility of vzv to certain nucleoside analogs was different from that of hsv-1. against vzv the 5-halogenovinyl-arabinosyluracils were the most potent of the compounds tested. | 1986 | 3013088 |
| evaluation of five cell types for the isolation of herpes simplex virus. | five cells were evaluated in a comparative analysis for sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity in detecting the presence of herpes simplex virus hsv-1 and hsv-2. included in this study were human embryonic kidney (hek), rabbit kidney (rk), mrc-5, mink lung (ml), and microtus agrestis (umma). a total of 274 specimens from genital, throat, skin, or other sources that were submitted for hsv isolation were used in the study. the sensitivity of the different cells was assessed by the total number of ... | 1986 | 3013496 |
| antibody response, recurrence patterns and subsequent herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) re-infection following initial hsv-2 infection of guinea-pigs: effects of acyclovir. | the production of antibody to specific herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) polypeptides, the recurrence patterns and the susceptibility to re-infection were studied in the guinea-pig model of genital hsv-2 infection. further, we defined the effects of acyclovir (acv) therapy on these parameters of infection. treatment with acv reduced the clinical severity of the initial disease but did not affect vaginal viral shedding. production of neutralizing antibody as well as antibody to the nucleocapsid ... | 1986 | 3016155 |
| rapid identification of herpesvirus simiae (b virus) dna from clinical isolates in nonhuman primate colonies. | a rapid, simple technique, based on restriction endonuclease analysis of radioactively labeled infected cell dna, is described for identification of herpesvirus simiae (b virus) infection in clinical isolates from nonhuman primates. isolates can be screened within 2-3 days from the time of collection of a specimen from a suspect lesion to final viral identification. isolates were obtained from eight animals with suspected b virus infections. the results indicated the presence of b virus in each ... | 1986 | 3013916 |
| a latent infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32. | human neuroblastoma (imr-32) cells were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of 2 plaque-forming units (pfu)/cell and were cultured at 40 degrees c for 14 days. then neither infectious virus particles nor virus capsids were detected in these cells whereas the presence of virus-specific antigens was observed by immunofluorescent antibody staining technique in 16.9 +/- 3.2 per cent of the infected cell population. when the cultivation temperature w ... | 1986 | 3015082 |
| transformation of dog embryo kidney cells by human herpesviruses. | the infection of dog embryo kidney (dek) cells with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) or human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) led to the development of transformed cell lines. rapidly dividing dek cells with unlimited division potential exhibited growth in 2% serum, contained nuclear virus antigens, and formed small (+/- 0.2 mm) colonies in 0.3% agarose. immortal cell lines showing the same transformation properties were also obtained after transfection with purified hsv-2 or hcmv dna. these results c ... | 1986 | 3015422 |
| suppression and enhancement of humoral antibody formation by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | intraperitoneal infection of mice and rats by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) but not type 1 (hsv-1) resulted in suppression of antibody formation on subsequent challenge with hsv-1 or hsv-2. application of silica considerably enhanced antibody formation after primary hsv-1 infection, but only slightly after primary hsv-2 infection. suppression induced by hsv-2 was, however, reduced significantly by injection of silica 21 days later, on the day of the second injection of hsv-2. suppression c ... | 1986 | 3011967 |
| expression of herpes simplex virus glycoproteins in polarized epithelial cells. | members of the herpesvirus family mature at inner nuclear membranes, although a fraction of the viral glycoproteins is expressed on the cell surface. in this study, we investigated the localization of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) glycoproteins in virus-infected epithelial cells by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against each of the major viral glycoproteins. all of the hsv-2 glycoproteins were localized exclusively on the basolateral membranes of vero c1008, madin-darby bo ... | 1986 | 3009881 |