Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of a monoclonal antibody typing system for herpes simplex virus. | this study compared conventional viral isolation (vi) in cell cultures with a commercial product--virgo antigen detection system--for the identification and typing of herpes simplex virus (hsv). the system is designed to identify and type hsv from direct lesion smears (ds) and from cell culture smears (cs) infected with a swab from the patient's lesion by means of an indirect fluorescence assay (ifa) using hsv type-common and hsv-2 type-specific monoclonal antibodies. a total of 71 coded specime ... | 1987 | 2819800 |
| reinfection of guinea pigs with herpes simplex virus type 2: failure to establish a second latent ganglionic infection. | guinea pigs were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2) and at various times thereafter reinfected at a different site with the same or a different strain of hsv 2. viruses were isolated from infected tissues either from the site of primary or secondary infection or from regional ganglia. viral isolates were characterised by dna fingerprinting using restriction endonucleases capable of differentiating between the virus strains used. the second infection resulted in a second site of pe ... | 1987 | 2825951 |
| intertypic recombinants of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 infected-cell polypeptide 4. | the wild-type icp4s (infected-cell polypeptide 4) encoded by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) are functionally interchangeable. in order to test the functional interchangeability of their intramolecular domains, a series of intertypic icp4 genes was constructed and characterized to determine if any of the encoded chimeric proteins were functionally impaired. we generated the recombinants in escherichia coli using cloned icp4 genes and the lambda recombination vectors develope ... | 1987 | 2820127 |
| simultaneous presence of herpes simplex and human papilloma virus sequences in human genital tumors. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human papillomavirus (hpv) sequences were analyzed in tumors of the female lower genital tract, by probing dna from 13 intraepithelial and 30 invasive neoplastic lesions with radiolabelled hpv-16 and hpv-18 dna as well as cloned fragments of hsv-2 dna. careful removal of stromal tissue from the pathological specimens allowed authentic tumor dna to be processed. normal genital tissue obtained from the patients and genital condylomata were included as internal contro ... | 1987 | 2826337 |
| occupational risk of hiv, hbv and hsv-2 infections in health care personnel caring for aids patients. | we have prospectively followed for 9-12 months, 246 female health care workers (hcws): 102 with high exposure (he), 43 with low exposure (le), and 101 with no exposure (ne) to aids (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) patients. no hcws have clinical, serologic, or immunologic evidence of hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. no hcws in the he group seroconverted to cytomegalovirus (cmv). one hcw in the he group seroconverted to hepatitis b virus (hbv), another hcw in the he group serocon ... | 1987 | 2820252 |
| limiting dilution analysis of specific in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus antibody production by human lymphocytes. | an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) system to study specific anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) antibody production in vitro by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) has been developed. hsv specific antibody production was detected in culture supernatants of pbmc from hsv seropositive healthy individuals by stimulating with optimal concentrations of hsv antigen without mitogens. to investigate the specificity of the resulting antibody, a limiting dilution analysis was performed a ... | 1987 | 2820632 |
| effects on infants of a first episode of genital herpes during pregnancy. | although genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections occurring during pregnancy are known to be associated with neonatal and maternal complications, their frequency and contributing risk factors are not well understood. we prospectively followed 29 patients who acquired genital herpes during pregnancy, to evaluate the perinatal effects of the infection. the patients were classified on the basis of clinical or serologic criteria. fifteen patients had a primary first episode of genital hsv type ... | 1987 | 2823137 |
| a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of herpes simplex virus antigens. | a sandwich elisa for the detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigens was developed using sheep anti-hsv f(ab')2 fragments for capture and an indirect antibody system for detection. current detection limits are 0.5 ng protein for hsv1 and 1.5 ng protein for hsv2. this compares to a single hsv1-infected vero-cell in a background of 10(6) non-infected cells or 10 plaque forming units (pfu) of hsv1 in culture supernatants as determined in separate experiments. limiting dilution experiments show ... | 1987 | 2822751 |
| acetylenic nucleosides. 4. 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-ethynylcytosine. improved synthesis and evaluation of biochemical and antiviral properties. | 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (eac) was prepared from 1-(2,3,5-tri-o-acetyl-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine by iodination followed by coupling with (trimethylsilyl)acetylene and deblocking. at 50 microm, eac was found to inhibit the in vitro replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 by greater than 99%. eac also showed activity against a strain of hsv-1 resistant to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine which has an alteration of the virus-induced thymidine kinase (tk). ... | 1987 | 2822932 |
| evidence that neomycin inhibits binding of herpes simplex virus type 1 to the cellular receptor. | the effect of neomycin, a phosphoinositide-binding aminoglycoside, on herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection of bhk cells was studied. we showed earlier that it specifically inhibits hsv-1 production but not hsv-2 production (langeland et al., biochem biophys. res. commun. 141:198-203, 1986). we now show that neomycin had no effect on cellular protein synthesis, as judged by the appearance of 35s-labeled polypeptides separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. virus-induced polypepti ... | 1987 | 2822948 |
| thymidylate synthase is the principal target enzyme for the cytostatic activity of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine against murine mammary carcinoma (fm3a) cells transformed with the herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 thymidine kinase gene. | murine mammary carcinoma fm3a cells, deficient in cytosol thymidine (dthd) kinase (tk) activity and transformed by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) tk gene (designated fm3a tk-/hsv-1 tk+ and fm3a tk-/hsv-2 tk+, respectively) proved extremely sensitive to the cytostatic action of the potent antiherpetic drugs (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) and (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdu). the fact that fm3a tk-/hsv-2 tk+ cells were 5-fold more sensitive to the ... | 1987 | 2823092 |
| improved sensitivity of restriction endonuclease analysis of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna with polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. | polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis was used to resolve fragments of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna, produced by the restriction endonucleases alu i, bam hi, pst i, and sma i, which cleave the hsv-2 dna into more than 30 fragments each. hsv-2 strains isolated from different individual patients could be easily distinguished from each other by the endonucleases bam hi and sma i. successive virus isolates from a single person, analyzed using alu i and sma i, showed variability of f ... | 1987 | 2821049 |
| immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2. suppression of virus-induced immune responses in ultraviolet b-irradiated mice. | ultraviolet b irradiation (280 to 320 nm) of mice at the site of intradermal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 increased the severity of the herpes simplex virus type 2 disease and decreased delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses to viral antigen. decrease in dth resulted from the induction of suppressor t cells, as evidenced by the ability of spleen cells from uv-irradiated mice to inhibit dth and proliferative responses after adoptive transfer. lymph node cells from uv-irradiat ... | 1987 | 2821119 |
| replication characteristics and core size of intranuclear herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) in genital skin lesions: electronmicroscopy studies of a biopsy from a female patient. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 genital infection, leading to ulcerating lesions in a female patient, was studied by electronmicroscopy. infection had probably been recent, through oro-genital contact with a cold sore on the husband's lip. cell-culture typing and serological tests indicated that the patient currently had an hsv-1 secondary infection. aspects studied in a skin biopsy from an ulcerating labium majus were epidermal cell types infected, stages in virus genesis, virus core diameter ... | 1987 | 2821262 |
| activation of latent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in vitro requires a (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-sensitive gene function. | previous studies have shown that herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 (hsv-2) can be maintained in a latent state in a limited number of cells by elevating the incubation temperature after treatment of hsv-infected human fetus lung fibroblast cells with metabolic inhibitors. superinfection with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) of latently infected cells maintained at the elevated temperature reactivated latent virus. in addition, superinfection with temperature-sensitive mutants indicated that reactiva ... | 1987 | 2822602 |
| specific phosphorylation of 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine by herpes simplex virus-infected cells and incorporation into viral dna. | 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (edu) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2), which is currently being pursued for the topical treatment of hsv-1 and hsv-2 infections in humans. using [4-14c]edu as the radiolabeled analogue of edu, it was ascertained that, at antivirally active doses, edu is phosphorylated to a much greater extent by hsv-infected vero cells than by mock-infected cells. within the hsv-1-infected cells, edu was incorpora ... | 1987 | 2822705 |
| [(e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-desoxyuridine--a new nucleoside analog with selective inhibitory action against herpesviruses. studies in cell culture and animal experiments]. | (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (1; brvudr) inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in vitro at concentrations of 0.01 to 0.23 mumol/l, whereas herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is influenced only at 5.5 to 27 mumol/l. in comparison to some classical and newly developed antiherpetics, i. e. 5-iodo-2'-desoxyuridine (2; idoxuridine, idu), 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (4; vidarabine ara-a), 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (5; ... | 1987 | 2823299 |
| critical determinants of antiherpes efficacy of buciclovir and related acyclic guanosine analogs. | buciclovir is an example of an antiherpes, acyclic guanosine analog activated by the viral thymidine kinase and inhibiting viral dna synthesis in infected cells. an investigation of closely related buciclovir-analogs with similar antiherpes activities in cell cultures and similar, or identical, modes of action but with disparate effects in vivo, revealed the following critical determinants of antiherpes efficacy. (1) the accumulation of guanosine analog-triphosphates in infected cells, which is ... | 1987 | 2823702 |
| redistribution of nuclear ribonucleoprotein antigens during herpes simplex virus infection. | infection of human epidermoid carcinoma no. 2 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) leads to a reorganization of antigens associated with both the small and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (snrnp and hnrnp). the hnrnp core protein antigens remain associated with the host chromatin, which appears to collapse into internal aggregates and along the nuclear envelope. more striking is the formation of prominent clusters of snrnp antigens (both general and u1 snrnp specific) ... | 1987 | 2824525 |
| herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gc-1 and gc-2 bind to the third component of complement and provide protection against complement-mediated neutralization of viral infectivity. | cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) form rosettes with c3b-coated erythrocytes, whereas cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) or other herpes viruses do not. it was reported that glycoprotein c of hsv-1 (gc-1) mediates the binding of c3b-coated erythrocytes to infected cells and has regulatory (decay-accelerating) activity for the alternative pathway c3 convertase of human complement. we show here that solubilized gc-1 binds to ic3-sepharose affinity columns ... | 1987 | 2824652 |
| transactivation of human immunodeficiency virus by herpesviruses. | we examined the interaction of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and herpes group viruses. for this purpose, a chimeric plasmid (pltr-cat) was constructed in which the long terminal repeat (ltr) sequences derived from a molecular clone of hiv were fused to a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (cat). transient expression assays in transfected tissue culture cells were used to monitor the activity of the ltr. basal levels of cat activity were measured in hela and human lung fibrobla ... | 1987 | 2830574 |
| [biological effects of coordinated compounds of transitional metals. 7. antiviral activity of 4-methyl-2-aminopyridine palladium chloride against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro and in vivo]. | 4-methyl-2-amino-pyridine-palladium chloride (map) showed an antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in a serum-free medium under in vitro conditions. the replication of these viruses on primary rabbit testes cells was completely suppressed by 10(-5) m/l map. in animal tests using abd2-mice the course of hsv-1 and hsv-2 encephalitis was not influenced by map indicated by mean survival time and lethality. | 1987 | 2830739 |
| differential metabolism of (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdu) by equine herpesvirus type 1- and herpes simplex virus-infected cells. | thymidine kinase (tk) enzymes encoded by herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), and equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) catalyze the phosphorylation of thymidine (dthd) and (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu). the replication of hsv-1 is sensitive to bvdu, but the replication of hsv-2 and ehv-1 is not. to investigate the differential sensitivity of the viruses to halogenated vinyldeoxyuridine drugs, the phosphorylation of 125i-labeled (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdu ... | 1987 | 2825591 |
| ribonucleotide reductase induced by varicella zoster virus. characterization, and potentiation of acyclovir by its inhibition. | an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cdp to 2'-dcdp in the presence of dithiothreitol (dtt) was detected in ammonium sulfate fractionated-extracts of varicella zoster virus (vzv)-infected cells. this ribonucleotide reductase was antigenically distinguishable from the isofunctional eucaryotic enzyme as well as the ribonucleotide reductases induced by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). the vzv-induced enzyme was purified to the extent that most of the contaminating enzymes ... | 1987 | 2825724 |
| monoclonal antibody to hsv2 protein as an immunodiagnostic marker in cervical cancer. | the present study was designed to evaluate the possible use of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) as diagnostic adjuncts to exfoliative cytology and tissue sections in intraepithelial (cin) and invasive cervical cancer. specimens were collected from 42 patients with various degrees of cin, 15 patients with invasive cancer and two patients with condylomatous changes only. mab h17, that recognizes a herpes simplex virus protein (icp) representing a component of the viral ribonucleotide reductase, staine ... | 1987 | 2826000 |
| clinical isolate of herpes simplex virus type 2 that induces a thymidine kinase with altered substrate specificity. | in vitro and in vivo studies were done on a herpes simplex virus type 2 strain recovered from a patient on acyclovir (acv) which was acv resistant but expressed thymidine (dthd) kinase (ec 2.7.1.21) activity. plaque-purified clones derived from the original clinical sample were heterogeneous with respect to plaque size and drug susceptibility. the heterogeneity of this viral mixture was also evident from varied 125i-labeled 5-iodo-2'-deoxycytidine autoradiographic patterns and from varied expres ... | 1987 | 2821890 |
| dna binding of a 38,000-dalton herpes-simplex-virus-2-specific protein. | western transfer and immunoenzymatic staining with affinity-purified monospecific antiserum was used to detect a 38-kd protein that bound to native and denatured dna cellulose. this protein has previously been shown to be a delayed early herpes simplex virus type-2 specific protein. | 1987 | 2826362 |
| the nucleotide sequence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (333) glycoprotein gb2 and analysis of predicted antigenic sites. | the gene coding for glycoprotein b2 (gb2) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strain 333 was mapped and its nucleotide sequence determined. open reading frame analysis deduced a polypeptide consisting of 902 amino acids and having close homology to gb1 of hsv type 1. several predicted features of gb2 are consistent with a membrane-bound glycoprotein, i.e., a signal peptide sequence, a hydrophilic extracellular domain containing possible n-linked glycosylation sites, a hydrophobic membrane spa ... | 1987 | 2446730 |
| conserved antigenic and functional domains on glycoprotein b of herpes simplex virus 1 and bovine herpesvirus 2. brief report. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies to glycoprotein b (gb) of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) reacted in immune precipitation and in immunofluorescence tests with a glycoprotein 130,000 in apparent molecular weight specified by bovine herpesvirus 2 (bhv-2). two cross reactive antibodies neutralized the heterologous virus. these results suggest that the bhv-2 glycoprotein is the homologue of hsv-1 gb and shares structural and functional domains expressed on the gb gene product. | 1987 | 2444195 |
| studies of the major dna binding proteins of two bovine herpes mammillitis virus isolates. | antigenic cross-reaction of the dna-binding protein between herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and two bovine herpes mammillitis virus (bhmv) isolates (bhm-1 and bhmv csiro 290) was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence. southern blot analysis showed a region of homology between hsv-2 bglii o dna (coding for the hsv-2 major dna-binding protein) and bhmv xbai dna fragment n, suggesting a similar gene map unit position on both genomes. | 1987 | 2886026 |
| trifluorothymidine: potential non-invasive diagnosis of herpes simplex infection using 19f nuclear magnetic resonance in a murine hepatitis model. | trifluorothymidine (tft) is known to be concentrated in herpes simplex virus (hsv) infected cells in vitro in the form of phosphorylated derivatives. we studied a murine hepatitis model of hsv infection to determine whether this in vitro observation would also be demonstrable in vivo. following i.v. injection of 100 or 160 mg/kg tft, tft was found in significantly higher concentrations in the livers of hsv-2 infected mice than in the livers of uninfected mice, mice infected with murine hepatitis ... | 1987 | 2832432 |
| high levels of cytomegalovirus antibody in patients requiring vascular surgery for atherosclerosis. | 157 caucasian male patients undergoing vascular surgery for atherosclerosis and a matched control group of patients with high cholesterol levels were screened for antibodies to cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) and type 2 (hsv2), indicative of persistent infection. the prevalence of cmv antibodies was higher in the surgical group than in the control group (90% and 74%, respectively), and a significantly greater percentage (p less than 0.001) of surgical cases than cont ... | 1987 | 2886763 |
| comparative polypeptide analysis of human, murine and strigis herpesviruses with murine cytomegalovirus by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | the polypeptide composition of five purified murine herpesvirus (mhv) strains grown in a stable line of rabbit embryo fibroblasts (ref) was analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and compared with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). about 24 structural polypeptides of molecular mass ranging from 275,000 to 25,000 were identified in mhv and hsv-1. the polypeptide profiles of mhv and hsv-1, showed a close similarity. the polypeptides of mhv were further ... | 1987 | 2883851 |
| complement component c3b binds directly to purified glycoprotein c of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), but not hsv-2, express on their surfaces a receptor for the complement component c3b. receptor activity is markedly enhanced by treatment of the infected cells with neuraminidase. employing a direct binding assay, consisting of purified hsv glycoproteins immobilized on nitrocellulose and iodinated c3b as a probe, we found that c3b binds directly to gc-1, as well as to gc-2, but not to gb or gd from either serotype. c3b binding was enhanced ... | 1987 | 2849025 |
| in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity of 2'-fluorinated arabinosides of 5-(2-haloalkyl)uracil. | 5-(2-fluoroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (fedu), its 2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analog (fefau) and the 2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analog (cefau) of the potent anti-herpesvirus compound 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (cedu) were evaluated for activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in vitro and in vivo. fedu, fefau and cefau proved to be potent and selective anti-herpesvirus agents in vitro. their potency is evident from their low minimum inhibitory concentrations for hsv-1 and h ... | 1987 | 2821896 |
| efficacy of 5-vinyl-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil (varau) against herpes simplex virus type 2 strains in cell cultures and against experimental herpes encephalitis in mice: comparison with acyclovir and foscarnet. | the sensitivity of different herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strains to inhibition by 5-vinyl-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil (varau) was evaluated in comparison to 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acv; acyclovir) and trisodiumphosphonoformate (na3pfa; foscarnet), using a plaque inhibition assay in primary rabbit testes (prt) cells as well as in human embryonic lung fibroblast (helf) cell cultures. the order of decreasing activity found was acv much greater than varau greater than na3pfa in ... | 1987 | 2855541 |
| antiviral activities of human monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus. | hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against herpes simplex virus (hsv) were established by fusing human tonsillar lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. three hybridomas have been stably producing mabs for more than 16 months. all three mabs--h1, h2, and h3--were of the igg1 isotype and recognized the gb glycoprotein of hsv types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). mabs h2 and h3 not only bound to the surface membrane of hsv-infected cells but also neutralized both hsv-1 and hsv-2, whe ... | 1987 | 3025308 |
| purification and structural characterization of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c. | purification of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c (gc) in microgram amounts yielded sufficient material for an analysis of its secondary structure. purification was facilitated by using the mutant virus gc-3, which bears a point mutation that interrupts the putative hydrophobic membrane anchor sequence, causing the secretion of gc-3 protein into the cell culture medium. gc-3 protein was purified by size fractionation of concentrated culture medium from infected cells on a gel filtration column ... | 1987 | 3030409 |
| virus-specific dth prevents contralateral retinitis following intracameral inoculation of hsv-2. | following inoculation of hsv-1 (kos strain) into the anterior chamber of one eye of a balb/c mouse, the virus travels to the uninoculated contralateral eye and contributes to the devastating retinal necrosis which occurs in this eye 10-12 days p.i. in parallel experiments, hsv-2 (ms strain) was inoculated uniocularly via the anterior chamber route; animals were sacrificed at intervals and their eyes removed for histopathology and virus culture. histopathological examination revealed that, in con ... | 1987 | 3030636 |
| nucleosides. 139. synthesis and anticytomegalovirus and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 5'-modified analogues of 2'-fluoroarabinosylpyrimidine nucleosides. | in order to determine if modification of the 5'-position reduces or abolishes the antiviral activity of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-c (fiac), 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-u (fiau), or 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-ara-u (fmau) against human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv), the 5'-deoxy, 5'-mercapto, and 5'-amino analogues of these nucleosides were prepared. 5'-deoxy-fiac and 5'-deoxy-fiau were prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 5'-iodo-fiac and 5'-iodo-fiau to 5'-deoxy-fac and 5'-deoxy-fau, resp ... | 1987 | 3027334 |
| a synthetic peptide induces long-term protection from lethal infection with herpes simplex virus 2. | immunization against viral pathogens is generally directed toward the induction of virus neutralizing antibody (vna) and the maintenance of the potential for a second-set (igg) response. indeed, an elevated level of specific antibody is considered a reliable clinical indicator that a state of immunity exists in the host. however, in the case of herpes simplex virus (hsv), the presence of circulating vna does not necessarily correlate with protection. thus, it has been found that secondary infect ... | 1987 | 3029270 |
| structure and expression of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gb gene. | the gene for glycoprotein gb2 of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 333 was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in mammalian cells. the gb2 protein had an overall nucleotide and amino acid sequence homology of 86% with the cognate gb1 protein. however, of the 125 amino acid substitutions or deletions, only 12.5% were conservative replacements. these differences were clustered within an nh2-terminal region, a central region, and a cooh-terminal region, resulting in domains of near identity broken by ... | 1987 | 3027364 |
| mutants defective in herpes simplex virus type 2 icp4: isolation and preliminary characterization. | vero cells were biochemically transformed with the gene encoding icp4 of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). these cells were used as permissive hosts to isolate and propagate hsv-2 mutants defective in this gene. two mutants, designated hr259 and hr79, were isolated. neither mutant grew in nontransformed vero cells, but both grew to near wild-type levels in hsv-2 icp4-expressing cells. hr259 contains a deletion of about 0.6 kilobases which eliminates the mrna start site of the icp4 gene. hr79 ... | 1987 | 3029403 |
| demonstration of viral thymidine kinase inhibitor and its effect on deoxynucleotide metabolism in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | the thymidine analog 5'-ethynylthymidine was a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (strain kos)-induced thymidine kinase with a ki value of 0.09 microm. 5'-ethynylthymidine was less inhibitory against herpes simplex virus type 2 (strain 333)-induced thymidine kinase with a ki of 0.38 microm and showed no inhibition against human cytosolic thymidine kinase under the conditions tested. the compound was effective against the altered thymidine kinase induced by acyclovir- and bromovinyld ... | 1987 | 3034143 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 2 deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase and mapping of a gene conferring type specificity for the enzyme. | the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-induced deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dutpase) was purified approximately 600 +/- 43-fold using a combination of affinity, hydrophobic, absorption, and ion-exchange chromatography techniques. the only substrate for the dutpase was dutp with a km of 3.6 +/- 1.1 microm. there was no apparent divalent cation requirement, but the hsv-2-induced dutpase was inhibited by edta (0.1 mm) and this inhibition was reversed by either co2+ (0.5 mm) or mg ... | 1987 | 3027979 |
| antigenic cross-reactions among herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, epstein-barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. | polyvalent rabbit antisera against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus (ebv), monospecific antisera against affinity-purified hsv-2 glycoproteins gb and gg, and a panel of monoclonal antibodies against hsv and ebv proteins were used to analyze cross-reactive molecules in cells infected with the four herpesviruses. a combination of immunoprecipitation and western blotting with these reagents was used to determine that all four viruses ... | 1987 | 3029407 |
| failure of intertypic recombinant constructed from hsv-1 x hsv-2 virulent parents to induce ocular pathology. | an intertypic recombinant constructed from hsv-1 x hsv-2 parents was isolated which failed to induce any overt ocular pathology when inoculated onto the sacrificed cornea of four-week-old sjl/j mice. during the 24-48 hour post-infection period there was transient virus replication but by day 3 the infectious titer in the eye had dropped by greater than or equal to 10(4)-fold, and little or no virus could be recovered thereafter. when immunosuppressed (600 r) mice were infected corneally, virus c ... | 1987 | 3030649 |
| three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2: one lacking the genes us10, us11 and us12 and two in which rs has been extended by 6 kb to 0.91 map units with loss of us sequences between 0.94 and the us/trs junction. | in the process of generating restriction endonuclease site deletion mutants, we have isolated and characterized three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), strain hg52, with large genomic deletions in us and trs. the deleted sequences (7.5 kb) extend from 0.94 map coordinates (m.c.) to 0.99 m.c. and are presumed to contain the hsv-2 gene equivalents of us10, 11 and 12, one copy of immediate early (ie) gene 3 and one copy of an origin of replication (oris). one of the mutants (hg52x163x ... | 1987 | 3027237 |
| identification of a novel herpes simplex virus type 1-induced glycoprotein which complexes with ge and binds immunoglobulin. | we detected a glycoprotein on the surface of cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) which, in conjunction with ge, binds immunoglobulin g (igg). the novel glycoprotein, which has an apparent molecular mass of 70 kilodaltons and was provisionally named g70, was first detected in extracts of hsv-1-infected cells labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination and precipitated with rabbit sera or igg and protein a-sepharose. in subsequent experiments, g70 and ge were coprecipitated ... | 1987 | 3035221 |
| a single-base change within the dna polymerase locus of herpes simplex virus type 2 can confer resistance to aphidicolin. | an aphidicolin-resistant (aphr) mutant of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 strain 186 previously has been shown to induce an altered viral dna polymerase that is more resistant to aphidicolin and more sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid (paa) than is wild-type dna polymerase. in this study the mutation responsible for the aphidicolin-resistant phenotype was physically mapped by marker transfer experiments. the physical map limits for the aphr mutation were contained in a 1.1-kilobase pair region ... | 1987 | 3027369 |
| effects of the epipodophyllotoxin vp-16-213 on herpes simplex virus type 2 replication. | it has been recently shown that vp-16-213, a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, inhibits the function of mammalian dna topoisomerase ii. in the present study, we examined the effects of vp-16-213 on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the compound did not inhibit the synthesis of early viral polypeptides at concentrations at which viral dna synthesis was strongly suppressed, but induced double-strand breaks in newly synthesized hsv dna. electron microscopic examina ... | 1987 | 3029314 |
| vaccination with recombinant herpes simplex virus glycoproteins: protection against initial and recurrent genital herpes. | the natural history of initial and subsequent recurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) genital infection was studied in guinea pigs immunized with hsv glycoprotein vaccines before vaginal challenge with hsv-2. the vaccines used included hsv-1 glycoprotein b and hsv-1 glycoprotein d, both prepared by recombinant dna techniques, and mixtures of hsv-1 or hsv-2 glycoproteins, prepared from infected cell monolayers by lectin chromatography. immunizing guinea pigs with subunit hsv glycoprotein vaccines fa ... | 1987 | 3031173 |
| acquisition of concomitant oral and genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | primary oral and genital infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 were diagnosed in an 18-year-old female. a history of sexual practices was critical in determining the anatomic sites of infection. restriction endonuclease analysis of viral dnas helped to identify the male sexual partner from whom the virus had been acquired. he had been infected recently by a previous sexual partner but had not yet developed lesions. clinicians should obtain a history of sexual practices from patients w ... | 1987 | 3031834 |
| 2'-fluorinated arabinonucleosides of 5-(2-haloalkyl)uracil: synthesis and antiviral activity. | the synthesis of 5-(2-fluoroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (fedu, 4b), its 2'-fluoro analogue 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-(2-fluoroethyl)-1h,3h- pyrimidine-2,4-dione (fefau, 4k), and the 2'-fluoro analogue of the potent antiherpes virus compound 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (cedu), 5-(2-chloroethyl)-1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-1h,3h-pyr imidine - 2,4-dione (cefau, 4i), is described. the antiviral activities of these compounds were determined in cell culture again ... | 1987 | 3037079 |
| antiviral antibodies in the sera of homosexual men: correlation with their lifestyle and drug usage. | healthy homosexual men between the ages of 21 and 65 years, from the washington, dc (n = 162), and new york city (n = 89) areas, were studied for antibodies in the serum against cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, and epstein barr virus (ebv) viral capsid antigen (vca). cmv-specific antibodies were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), anti-hsv-1 and -2 antibodies were measured by indirect hemagglutination (iha), and antibodies to ebv vca were measure ... | 1987 | 3029318 |
| immunization of experimental animals with reconstituted glycoprotein mixtures of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2: protection against challenge with virulent virus. | artificial mixtures of the glycoproteins b, c, d, and e of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), purified individually from infected vero cell lysates by immunoaffinity to monoclonal antibodies, were bound to an aluminum hydroxide gel and were used to immunize mice, guinea pigs, and owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) once or twice (mice and guinea pigs) to as many as four times (owl monkeys). in all animals tested, low levels of neutralizing antibodies were detected only after two or more ... | 1987 | 3031174 |
| processing of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gg-2 results in secretion of a 34,000-mr cleavage product. | herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gg-2 undergoes a cleavage event during its synthesis and processing. the focus of this report is on the detection and fate of the small-molecular-weight component of gg-2, designated the 34k component. in cultures containing the inhibitor monensin, a 31k component accumulated within infected cells. in contrast, the intracellular accumulation of this 31k precursor was not detected in cultures grown in the absence of the inhibitor. however, the 34k componen ... | 1987 | 3033302 |
| effect of micromolar concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on herpes simplex virus type 2 replication in vitro. | the effect of micromolar concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-thc) on the in vitro replication and biosynthesis of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) was determined. a 100-fold increase in extracellular virus was recorded for infected vero cells pretreated with 10(-6) m or 10(-5) m drug when compared to infected vehicle-treated controls. however, no significant differences were observed in the production of total infectious virus for any of the vehicle or drug-treated cultures ... | 1987 | 3035199 |
| the pathogenesis of herpetic ocular disease in the guinea pig. | a detailed study of the pathogenesis of herpetic eye disease in the guinea pig was undertaken to further develop this animal model. several well-known hsv-1 strains were tested for their ability to produce disease and cause acute and latent infections of the trigeminal ganglion: mckrae, kos, mcintyre, re, and shealey. two hsv-2 strains failed to cause eye infections. the shealey strain [hsv-1 (sh)] produced the most severe eye infections, characterized by epithelial and stromal disease, corneal ... | 1987 | 3038053 |
| protective effect of passive immunization on herpetic retinitis of newborn rabbits. | we studied the protective effects of passive immunization with virus specific antibody in newborn rabbits inoculated subcutaneously with type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv-2). newborn rabbits given anti-hsv-2 antibody intraperitoneally (ip) on days 0, 2 and 4 post infection had smaller herpetic skin lesions and reduced mortality when compared to controls. in addition, the ip treatment using this schedule reduced virus growth in the skin lesions and virus dissemination, so that it decreased the fre ... | 1987 | 3030640 |
| recurrences after oral and genital herpes simplex virus infection. influence of site of infection and viral type. | we prospectively followed 39 adults with concurrent primary herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection (12 with hsv type 1 and 27 with hsv type 2) of the oropharynx and genitalia, caused by the same virus in each person, to evaluate the influence of viral type (hsv-1 vs. hsv-2) and site of infection (oropharyngeal vs. genital) on the frequency of recurrence. the subsequent recurrence patterns of hsv infection differed markedly according to viral type and anatomical site. oral-labial recurrences develo ... | 1987 | 3033506 |
| antibody response to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d: effects of acyclovir and relation to recurrence. | we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for measuring the antibody response to herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein d (gd). the elisa was specific and more sensitive than immunoblotting techniques. antibody to hsv gd was detected in 10 of 12 sera (geometric mean titer, 36.3) obtained from hsv-2-infected guinea pigs 14 days after intravaginal inoculation, and the titer increased to greater than or equal to 5,120 on day 60. therapy with acyclovir delayed and diminished the ant ... | 1987 | 3039009 |
| nucleotide sequences important in dna replication are responsible for differences in the capacity of two herpes simplex virus strains to spread from cornea to central nervous system. | two herpes simplex virus (hsv) intertypic recombinants were isolated with genomes composed entirely of hsv-2(186) nucleotide sequences except for a 6.0 kb segment of hsv-1(17) dna positioned between 0.40 and 0.44 map units. following corneal infection of mice, hsv-1(17) and the two intertypic recombinants spread from infected eyes into the central nervous system and induced a fatal encephalitis. ocular infection with the hsv-2(186) parent did not lead to detectable amounts of virus in the brain, ... | 1987 | 3030643 |
| inhibition of cell-associated herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoproteins by delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. | this study was conducted to define the effect of micromolar concentrations of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-thc) on the biosynthesis and expression of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2)-specified glycoproteins. dose-related reductions in all species of virus glycoproteins were recorded by one-dimensional sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and autoradiography of [14c]glucosamine-labeled infected vero cells treated with 10(-7) to 10(-5) m delta 9-thc. a drug dose-related dep ... | 1987 | 3033681 |
| the 65,000-mr dna-binding and virion trans-inducing proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the possible identity of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) 65k (65,000-mr) virion protein which stimulates transcription from immediate-early genes with the hsv-1 65k dna-binding protein was investigated. the two proteins were found to be distinct by the three separate criteria of immunological reactivity, tryptic peptide fingerprinting, and mobility in two-dimensional gels. using hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants and a serotype-specific antiserum, we located the gene encoding the 65k dn ... | 1987 | 3037105 |
| regulation by recombinant interleukin-2 of protective immunity against recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 genital infection in guinea pigs. | the goal of our study was to determine whether recombinant interleukin-2 (ril-2) could modify the recurrence pattern of chronic herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) genital infection in guinea pigs. animals that developed symptomatic acute hsv-2 infection were distributed at 14 days after viral inoculation into several treatment groups, which were similar with respect to the severity of acute disease. three ril-2 dosages administered for 4 weeks in daily subcutaneous injections were tested in thi ... | 1987 | 3035213 |
| clinical epidemiology of symptomatic primary herpetic infection in children. a study of 50 cases. | we have studied a series of 50 children with clinical primary herpetic infection during 1975-1985. our data confirm: absence of sex differences and seasonal variations, a peak age of incidence between 6 and 24 months, a prevalence of patients of lower social status, evidence of recurrent herpes labialis as the most frequent source of infection, and frequency of herpes simplex virus 1 gingivostomatitis. the relevant findings of this study were as follows: herpes simplex virus 2 was isolated in 10 ... | 1987 | 3031926 |
| disseminated neonatal herpes simplex virus infection with necrotizing encephalitis--an autopsy case. | an autopsy case of disseminated hsv type 2 infection occurring in a neonate at 32 weeks' gestation, delivered by cesarean section after premature rupture of membrane of 7 days duration, is presented. herpes simplex virus type 2 was isolated from the vesicular skin lesion. the mother and patient had specific antibody to type 2 herpes simplex virus. patient's parents had denied any herpetic orolabial or genital lesion during or before this pregnancy. cultures from the cervical and vaginal swabs of ... | 1987 | 3271053 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein biogenesis: effect of monensin on glycoprotein maturation, intracellular transport and virus infectivity. | the ionophore monensin inhibited the formation of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) particles by about 30% but the yields of infectious particles were reduced to 5% and 1% for cell-associated and extracellular virus, respectively. the presence of monensin did not affect the processing of the two viral glycoproteins gb-2 and gg-2. however, two other glycoproteins, gc-2 and gd-2, were not processed to their fully mature forms in the monensin-treated cells and only the faster moving pgc-2 and pgd ... | 1987 | 3037016 |
| recovery of herpes simplex virus from the corneas of experimentally infected rabbits. | rabbits were inoculated in the left cornea with one of three strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv) i.e. hsv-1 strain 17, hsv-1 strain mckrae, hsv-2 strain hg52, or with and hsv-1 mckrae/hsv-2 hg52 recombinant r40/2. fifty-nine to 67 days after inoculation trigeminal ganglia and corneas were explanted and screened for release of infectious virus. virus was isolated from all left trigeminal ganglia after organ culture irrespective of viral strain. virus was isolated from three of 16 corneas of ani ... | 1987 | 3037020 |
| relationship of smoking to lifestyle factors in women. | the purposes of this research were to examine the relationship of female smoking and lifestyle factors and to assess the applicability of an index of "emancipation" to smoking status in women who live in the province of ontario. the index of "emancipation," developed by eide, was based on distinguishing women who are not following traditional roles as housewives from those who are. while reports in the literature confirm that occupational status, marital status and educational achievement are re ... | 1987 | 3424848 |
| cells expressing herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gc but not gb, gd, or ge are recognized by murine virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | to determine which viral molecule(s) is recognized by herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl), target cells were constructed which express individual hsv glycoproteins. a mouse l cell line, z4/6, which constitutively expressed high levels of hsv type 2 (hsv-2) gd (gd-2) was isolated and characterized previously (d. c. johnson and j. r. smiley, j. virol. 54:682-689, 1985). despite the expression of gd on the surface of z4/6 cells, these cells were not killed by anti-hsv- ... | 1987 | 3037106 |
| sensitivity in vitro of herpes simplex virus isolates to human fibroblast interferon. | sensitivity of herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolates, from patients with recurrent infections, to human fibroblast beta interferon (ifn), was tested in vitro. among 25 hsv strains, 12 were hsv-1, isolated from facial and labial lesions, and 13 were hsv-2 isolated from genital lesions. viral sensitivity to ifn was examined on epithelial mb cell line by yield reduction and plaque reduction and close correspondence between the two methods was observed. most of hsv-1 isolates were in the same range of ... | 1987 | 3037288 |
| antibodies to the herpes simplex virus type-2-induced tumor-associated antigen ag-4 as markers of recurrence in cervical cancer. | this study was designed to evaluate the potential clinical value of ag-4 antibodies in patients with established cervical cancer, in terms of the assessment of prognosis before treatment, and monitoring the course of the cancer process during long-term follow-up. forty-seven patients were investigated during a median follow-up time of 5.4 years (range 3.5-6.2). during this time, 25 developed recurrent disease. serum was obtained from all patients before treatment and at regular intervals during ... | 1987 | 3037680 |
| nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus type 2 and comparison with the type 1 counterpart. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 strain 186 has been determined. the gene included a 3720-bp major open reading frame capable of encoding 1240 amino acids. the predicted primary translation product had an mr of 137,354, which was slightly larger than its hsv-1 counterpart. a comparison of the predicted functional amino acid sequences of the hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna polymerases revealed 95.5% overall amino acid homology, the value of whic ... | 1987 | 3038677 |
| hsv-2 replication sites, monocyte and lymphocytic cell infection and virion phagocytosis by neutrophils, in vesicular lesions on penile skin. electronoptical studies of a biopsy. | from a heterosexual male with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (hsv-2) infection, a fresh intraepidermal vesicle on the penile skin was excised by punch biopsy, fixed and processed for electron microscopy. differing locations and appearances of capsids and virions were studied to elucidate true host or destroyer cells. hsv-2 propagation and virion formation occurred predominantly in multi- or mononucleate spinosum cells situated at the base of the vesicle. however, some of the monocytes, y ... | 1987 | 3038975 |
| genome variations in herpes simplex virus type 2 strains isolated in japan and sweden. | one-hundred and twenty-three epidemiologically unrelated strains of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) isolated in japan and sweden (68 japanese and 55 swedish isolates) were compared by analysis of their genomes using five restriction endonucleases: bamhi, kpni, ecori, hindiii and bg/ii. seven of the 93 restriction sites examined showed statistically significant variation between isolates from the two countries. however, hsv-2 isolates were less variable than the hsv-1 isolates previously anal ... | 1987 | 3039042 |
| an optimized thymidylate kinase assay, based on enzymatically synthesized 5-[125i]iododeoxyuridine monophosphate and its application to an immunological study of herpes simplex virus thymidine-thymidylate kinases. | the biological synthesis and purification of 5-[125i]iododeoxyuridine monophosphate (idump) are described. the specificity of idump as substrate in the thymidylate monophosphate kinase (tmpk) assay is demonstrated, and a 100-fold gain in sensitivity as compared to the conventional tmpk assay is shown. tmpk measurements of isozymes derived from herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, uninfected cells, and tumor biopsies were performed. the results showed a significant difference in dependence ... | 1987 | 3037945 |
| macromolecular synthesis at the early stage of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) latency in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32: repression of late viral polypeptide synthesis and accumulation of cellular heat-shock proteins. | we have shown that a latent infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) can be established in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32 if the infected cells are cultured at 40 degrees c. in the present study, viral polypeptides and cellular heat-shock proteins which were synthesized in hsv-2 infected imr-32 cells cultured at 40 degrees c were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it was found that the synthesis of late viral polypeptide icp 5 was markedly reduced in the infected cel ... | 1987 | 3039946 |
| mechanism of inhibition of herpes simplex virus replication by delta 7-prostaglandin a1 and delta 12-prostaglandin j2. | we studied the effect of prostaglandins (pgs) a1, delta 7-a1, a2, d2, e1, e2, f2 alpha, j2 and delta 12-j2 on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). of nine pgs we tested, delta 7-pga1 was found to have the most potent inhibitory effect; 50% inhibitory dose (id50) was 0.35 microgram/ml in the plaque reduction assays and hsv-2 induced protein synthesis was strongly suppressed at 0.5 microgram/ml whereas at this dose, the protein synthesis of uninfected cells was not inhibited. do ... | 1987 | 3040001 |
| type iv collagenase activity of a primary hsv-2-induced hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo metastases and in vitro clones. | the expression of a basement membrane (bm) collagen-degrading metalloprotease (type iv collagenase) was studied in a herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 transformed hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo derived sublines and in vitro derived clones of varying metastatic potential. the primary parent tumor was shown to release more or less type iv collagenolytic activity compared with its sublines (derived from lung nodules that developed after resection of the primary tumor). normal baby hamster kidney a ... | 1987 | 3040211 |
| transcriptional induction of proto-oncogene fos by hsv-2. | hsv-2 induces the transcription of c-fos gene in both human (diploid) cell strains and mouse (heteroploid) cell lines. hsv-1 is incapable of such induction. the induction of transcription is rapid and transient in both cell types. the product of transcriptional induction of c-fos in mouse cells is mainly a 4.5 kb fos mrna along with lesser amount of a 2.2 kb fos mrna, while in human cells the 4.5 kb mrna is the only detectable product. both the 4.5 kb and 2.2 kb fos mrnas are mature gene product ... | 1987 | 3032180 |
| inhibitory effect of azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one) on herpes simplex viruses. in vivo and in vitro studies. | enhanced activity of antiviral agents, when mixed with a penetration enhancer like azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one) in topical preparations, is well-recognized. these studies were undertaken to investigate whether azone, per se, has any activity against herpes simplex (hsv) type 1 and type 2 viruses. when hsv-1 and hsv-2 were mixed with 5, 10 and 20% azone, there was a 1-4.5 log10 decrease in virus titers. the efficacy of 5 and 10% azone applied topically was evaluated during the treatment ... | 1987 | 3032527 |
| effect of dehydrating agents on dna organization in herpes viruses. | with routine procedures of epon- or gma-embedding and a stain specific for dna, the nucleoid of mature herpes simplex virus-type 1 (hsv-1) assumes the well-known form of a short, compact, hollow cylinder or torus. a new, more complex organization of dna filaments in encapsidated hsv-1 was found in infected cells after aldehyde fixation, methanol dehydration, and lowicryl embedment. we have determined that it is the use of methanol as dehydrating agent that permits visualization of this internal ... | 1987 | 3033063 |
| suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity to herpes simplex virus type 1 following immunization with anti-idiotypic antibody: an example of split tolerance. | intraperitoneal (i.p.) immunization with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or an anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-id c) prepared against a monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein c of hsv-1, tolerizes mice for an hsv-1 delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) response. this tolerization could be adoptively transferred to naive x-irradiated mice by splenic t cells, and was specific for hsv-1 dth. thus, dth-tolerized mice responded to vaccinia virus or hsv-2 challenge, while remaining tolerized fo ... | 1987 | 3033128 |
| virus spread and initial pathological changes in the nervous system in genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice. a correlative immunohistochemical, light and electron microscopic study. | mice were infected by the vaginal route with the ms strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). serial vaginal cultures were used to confirm infection and to select mice for this study. two mice were killed by perfusion on days 2-6 post infection (p.i.) and lumbar and sacral cord with cauda were fixed and embedded for electron microscopy. semithin epon-sections were stained for viral antigen using a rabbit anti-hsv-2 antiserum and the avidin-biotin (abc) method. thin sections from antigen-pos ... | 1987 | 3033978 |
| virus-specific igm and igg antibody production by b cells during herpes simplex virus type 2-induced immunosuppression as analysed by an immunospot assay. | the mechanism of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2-induced immunosuppression was analysed by determination of the number of igm and igg antibody-secreting b cells in female balb/c mice using an immunospot assay. primary hsv-1 or -2 as well as homologous or heterologous booster infections at different times were performed. in accordance with earlier results on humoral antibody generation, in contrast to hsv-1, hsv-2 induced only very low numbers of antibody-producing b cells in dose-response experimen ... | 1987 | 3037017 |
| virulence is not conserved in recombinants between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the virulence of 31 herpes simplex virus type 1 x herpes simplex virus type 2 intertypic recombinants was determined following intraperitoneal inoculation into cba mice. only eight of the recombinants killed any of the mice and of these, only one recombinant was as virulent as its type 2 parent, the other seven recombinants being intermediate between their type 1 and type 2 parental viruses in virulence. these results indicate that most heterotypic combinations are attenuated independently of th ... | 1987 | 3033143 |
| expression of the hsv specified major dna-binding protein in virus infected raji and vero cells. | we studied the expression of the herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) specified major dna-binding protein (icsp 11/12) in virus infected raji and vero cells. immunofluorescence staining by a specific icsp 11/12 antiserum distinguished between different cell-virus interactions. icsp 11/12 synthesized in the hsv-2 infected vero cells showed dense homogenous nuclear staining early in the infection. during virus replication the pattern changed into a less dense, somewhat marginating staining. the cor ... | 1987 | 3034205 |
| rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections in conventional and shell vial cell cultures using monoclonal antibodies. | one hundred specimens for herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolation were tested in parallel by conventional and by centrifugation-enhanced cell culture, followed by identification using monoclonal antibodies to hsv-1 and hsv-2. sensitivity was comparable by the two methods; conventional culture was only marginally slower and was easier to fit into the routine of a busy laboratory. it is, therefore, advocated for hsv detection in clinical specimens. | 1987 | 3034946 |
| photodynamic inactivation of influenza and herpes viruses by hematoporphyrin. | hematoporphyrin (hp), at concentrations as low as 0.5 microgram/ml, was found to inhibit the in vitro replication of influenza a and herpes simplex viruses, but not of several other viruses. the effect required exposure of the viruses or cells to visible light and was demonstrable when hp was administered shortly before virus inoculation or during the infection. in studies on the mechanism of action of hp, we found that in the presence of light, hp caused decomposition of gmp but not of various ... | 1987 | 3026246 |
| dna sequence and genetic content of the hindiii l region in the short unique component of the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome: identification of the gene encoding glycoprotein g, and evolutionary comparisons. | the dna sequence was determined of the hindiii l fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), which is located in the short unique region of the hsv-2 genome. hindiii l was found to comprise 9629 base pairs. comparison with the previously determined corresponding sequence for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), and limited mrna mapping, showed that hindiii l contained six genes (termed us2 to us7) and part of another (us8). the hsv-1 and hsv-2 sequences were found to be generally colinear, ... | 1987 | 3027242 |
| induction of cellular functions in spontaneously immortalized rat-2 cells transfected with cloned herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna. | experiments were done to determine if cloned transforming sequences from herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna confer upon transfected rat-2 cells the capacity to be stimulated in phospholipase and cyclooxygenase activities following 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) treatment. tumor-derived rat-2 cells transformed with sub-fragments (bamhi-e, hindiii/hpai-ed, or psti-c) overlapping the right-hand end of the bglii-c transforming region of hsv-2 dna were stimulated by tpa in both phosp ... | 1987 | 3026679 |
| transmission of infection with herpes simplex virus by renal transplantation. | disseminated infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 was identified in two patients 20 days after they had received kidney transplants from the same organ donor. neither patient had neutralizing antibody to herpes simplex virus before transplantation, and both had herpes simplex virus isolated from surveillance cultures of urine before the onset of clinical symptoms. a clear focus of primary infection was not found in either patient. analysis of the patients' isolates by dna restriction endon ... | 1987 | 3027191 |
| neonatal herpes simplex virus infection occurring in second twin of an asymptomatic mother. failure of a modern protocol. | a case of neonatal herpes that occurred after vaginal delivery in the absence of genital lesions is presented. the mother had a history of drug addiction and genital herpes. asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2 from the cervix was noted in the second trimester of pregnancy. despite being followed with a protocol of close surveillance and serial culturing of the genital tract, the patient gave birth to twins, one of whom developed herpes simplex virus type 2 in the postpartum peri ... | 1987 | 3025467 |
| hemorrhagic cystitis due to herpes simplex virus as a marker of disseminated herpes infection. | herpetic cystitis has rarely been reported. herein are described two immunocompromised female patients with genital or buttock herpetic lesions in whom hemorrhagic cystitis due to herpes simplex virus type 2 developed in the setting of disseminated herpetic infection. both patients had indwelling foley catheters. urinary tract instrumentation may cause local or widespread dissemination of genital herpes in immunocompromised patients. | 1988 | 3348273 |
| induction of fc and c3b receptors on rabbit corneal cells by herpes simplex virus. | the expression of receptors for fc portion (fcr) of immunoglobulin g (igg) and for a c3b component of complement (c3br) by herpes simplex virus (hsv) was studied in primary cultures of rabbit corneal cells. monolayer cultures of epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea were infected with three strains each of type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 hsv (hsv-2). rosette methods were used to detect receptors by means of sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit igg for fcr and c3b-coated s ... | 1988 | 3417420 |
| the association between genital ulcer disease and acquisition of hiv infection in homosexual men. | we analyzed the association of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection and syphilis, the two most common causes of genital ulceration in homosexual men, with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in 200 men enrolled between 1983 and 1986 into a study evaluating the microbial causes of acute proctitis. infection with hiv was independently associated with a history of syphilis, serologic evidence of syphilis, a history of hsv infection, and antibody to hsv-2. antibody to hiv was not associated ... | 1988 | 3404600 |
| cyclopentenylcytosine. a carbocyclic nucleoside with antitumor and antiviral properties. | cyclopentenylcytosine (cpe-c, 2), a pyrimidine analogue of the fermentation derived carbocyclic nucleoside neplanocin a, has been synthesized from the optically active cyclopentenylamine 3b by two synthetic routes. cpe-c demonstrates significant antitumor activity against both the sensitive and ara-c resistant lines of l1210 leukemia in vivo. multiple long term survivors are produced in both tumor models. the compound also gives 100% growth inhibition of the solid human a549 lung and mx-1 mammar ... | 1988 | 3411597 |
| intravenous acyclovir therapy of first episodes of genital herpes: a multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | a collaborative multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous acyclovir treatment of first-episode genital herpes was performed in order to substantiate previous findings on the efficacy and safety of this drug, to evaluate the influence of parenteral therapy on recurrence frequency, and to obtain further data on the natural history of genital herpes. | 1988 | 3046350 |