Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| herpesviridae and novel inhibitors. | herpesviridae comprises a large family of double-stranded dna viruses that infect both animals and humans. eight herpesviruses are known to infect humans: herpes simplex virus type-1 and -2, varicella zoster virus, human cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, human herpesvirus 6 type-a and -b, human herpesvirus type-7 and -8 or kaposi's sarcoma virus. despite the fact that the past two decades have been evolutionary in the development of antiviral agents, therapeutic choices are restricted by limi ... | 2009 | 20032535 |
| xylans from scinaia hatei: structural features, sulfation and anti-hsv activity. | natural compounds offer interesting pharmacological perspectives for antiviral drug development with regard to broad-spectrum antiviral properties and novel modes of action. in this study, we have analyzed alkali-extracted xylan of scinaia hatei. alkali extraction of this red alga yielded a xylan shown to have a molecular mass of 120kda and a linear structure of (1-->4)-linked beta-d-xylopyranosyl residues. derivatives (s1, s2, s3 and s4) generated by chemical sulfation from this macromolecule h ... | 2010 | 20026104 |
| discussion and revision of the mathematical modeling tool described in the previously published article "modeling hiv transmission risk among mozambicans prior to their initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy". | mathematical models are increasingly used in social and behavioral studies of hiv transmission; however, model structures must be chosen carefully to best answer the question at hand and conclusions must be interpreted cautiously. in pearson et al. (2007), we presented a simple analytically tractable deterministic model to estimate the number of secondary hiv infections stemming from a population of hiv-positive mozambicans and to evaluate how the estimate would change under different treatment ... | 2009 | 20024742 |
| [relationship between primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and eye infection]. | to study the role of pathogenic microorganisms commonly associated with chronic eye disease, including chlamydia psittaci, chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydia pneumoniae, herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2, and adenovirus type 8 and type 19, in the development of primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphoma in chinese patients. | 2009 | 20021960 |
| female genital tract secretions inhibit herpes simplex virus infection: correlation with soluble mucosal immune mediators and impact of hormonal contraception. | female genital tract secretions inhibit herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection, however, the intra- and inter-subject variability, contribution of specific mediators, and impact of reproductive hormones have not been defined. | 2010 | 20015330 |
| sexually transmitted infections among hiv-1-discordant couples. | more new hiv-1 infections occur within stable hiv-1-discordant couples than in any other group in africa, and sexually transmitted infections (stis) may increase transmission risk among discordant couples, accounting for a large proportion of new hiv-1 infections. understanding correlates of stis among discordant couples will aid in optimizing interventions to prevent hiv-1 transmission in these couples. | 2009 | 20011596 |
| a macaque model to study vaginal hsv-2/immunodeficiency virus co-infection and the impact of hsv-2 on microbicide efficacy. | herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) infection enhances the transmission and acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). this occurs in symptomatic and asymptomatic stages of hsv-2 infection, suggesting that obvious herpetic lesions are not required to increase hiv spread. an animal model to investigate the underlying causes of the synergistic action of the two viruses and where preventative strategies can be tested under such complex physiological conditions is currently unavailable. | 2009 | 20011586 |
| sensitivity of v75i hiv-1 reverse transcriptase mutant selected in vitro by acyclovir to anti-hiv drugs. | trials of acyclovir for herpes simplex virus 2 infection in herpes simplex virus 2/hiv-1 coinfected patients not on antiretroviral therapy demonstrated a decrease in herpes simplex virus 2 and hiv-1 replication. recent studies indicated that acyclovir has direct anti-hiv-1 activity and can select for the hiv-1 v75i reverse transcriptase variant in vitro. we show that the v75i variant has decreased sensitivity to some nucleoside analogs but an increased sensitivity to zidovudine, results that may ... | 2010 | 20009920 |
| association between hsv-2 and hiv serostatus in pregnant women of known hiv serostatus attending mulago hospital antenatal clinic, kampala, uganda. | studies show that stis such as hsv-2 increase the probability of hiv-1 acquisition and enhance transmission by increasing susceptibility and infectiousness respectively. the objective of this study was to compare the proportion of hsv-2 in hiv-positive and hiv-negative pregnant mothers attending the antenatal clinic in mulago teaching hospital in kampala, uganda. | 2009 | 20009284 |
| evaluation of three multiplex flow immunoassays compared to an enzyme immunoassay for the detection and differentiation of igg class antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections is routinely made based on clinical findings and supported by laboratory testing using pcr or viral culture. however, in instances of subclinical or unrecognized hsv infection, serologic testing for igg class antibodies to type-specific hsv glycoprotein g (gg) may be useful. this study evaluated and compared the performances of three multiplex flow immunoassays (athena multi-lyte [zeus scientific], bioplex 2200 [bio-rad laboratories], and pl ... | 2010 | 20007366 |
| viral hepatitis, hiv, human herpes virus and treponema pallidum infection in haemodialysis patients from kosovo, 2005. | the serological status of hepatitis viruses and other infectious diseases in the 66 dialysed patients of one haemodialysis unit in kosovo were studied, comparing the data with a large group of blood donors and out-patients. all dialysed patients were hepatitis a virus (hav) positive. prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hepatitis b surface antibodies (anti-hbs), and hepatitis b core antibodies (anti-hbc) was 14 of 66, 21% (95% confidence interval (ci): 12-33%), 5 of 66, 8% (95%ci: ... | 2009 | 20003903 |
| seroprevalence of hiv, hsv-2, and treponema pallidum in the kosovarian population. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of infection with hiv, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and treponema pallidum (tp) in a kosovarian population. a cross-sectional study was performed in peja, kosovo, from january to march 2005, among 1285 persons recruited at the peja hospital. the seroprevalence of hiv, hsv-2, and tp was evaluated, and the viral correlates for each infection were analysed. no hiv-positive cases were found. the seroprevalence of hsv-2 was 20.2%. ... | 2009 | 20001281 |
| decreasing prevalence of herpes simplex virus-2 antibodies in selected groups of women in sweden. | high estimates of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence have been reported for women who were pregnant in sweden in the 1980s, probably reflecting sexual risk-taking during the 1960s and 1970s. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the hsv-2 seroprevalence in pregnant women and in the female attendees at a clinic for sexually transmitted infections in sweden at the beginning of the 21st century and to compare the results with those of earlier swedish studies. sera were collected d ... | 2009 | 19997695 |
| [association between hsv-2 infection and serum anti-rat brain antibodies in patients with autism]. | some cases of autism could be linked to viral infections able to induce autoimmune mechanisms directed against the encephalon. neurothophic virus infections in animals are associated with clinical signs that are similar to those observed in neurodevelopment disorders. thus, in this study, we determined the co-existence of antibodies against nerve tissue and viruses with neurothophic competence (hsv-1/2, epstein-barr-ebv, cytomegalovirus, measles and rubella) in serum of forty autistic children a ... | 2009 | 19961054 |
| amphipathic dna polymers exhibit antiviral activity against systemic murine cytomegalovirus infection. | phosphorothioated oligonucleotides (ps-ons) have a sequence-independent, broad spectrum antiviral activity as amphipathic polymers (aps) and exhibit potent in vitro antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of herpesviruses: hsv-1, hsv-2, hcmv, vzv, ebv, and hhv-6a/b, and in vivo activity in a murine microbiocide model of genital hsv-2 infection. the activity of these agents against animal cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections in vitro and in vivo was therefore investigated. | 2009 | 19954538 |
| [establishment and clinical application of a new real time pcr assay for simultaneous detection of human herpesvirus-6a and human herpesvirus-6b]. | human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) isolates are classified into two variants, hhv-6a and hhv-6b, based on distinct genetic, antigenic and biological characteristics. hhv-6 has been associated with encephalitis in children recently. this study aimed to establish a real time pcr assay for simultaneous detection of the two subtypes of hhv-6, and apply this new assay to children with suspected encephalitis, then analyze the relationship between the infection with hhv-6 and encephalitis in children. | 2009 | 19951517 |
| fatal herpes virus type i infection in a newborn. | the authors present a case of environmentally acquired fatal herpes virus type i infection in a newborn after cesarean section and a discussion of the clinical presentation, pathogenesis and diagnosis of herpes simplex type i (hsv-1) at autopsy. herpes simplex virus, both type i and type ii, are well described infectious agents in newborns. though herpes simplex type ii (hsv-2) is commonly associated with fatal neonatal infections, it is important to consider hsv-1 to make the correct diagnosis. ... | 2010 | 19949315 |
| analysis of filamentous process induction and nuclear localization properties of the hsv-2 serine/threonine kinase us3. | the us3 serine/threonine kinase encoded by all alphaherpesviruses performs several important functions during virus multiplication. for example, expression of pseudorabies virus (prv) us3 causes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton into filamentous processes (fps) that promote cell-to-cell spread of virus infection. prv us3-induced fp formation requires us3 kinase activity. to determine whether these characteristics were shared by hsv-2 us3, expression plasmids for wild type (wt) and kinase ... | 2010 | 19945726 |
| intranasal immunization with a proteoliposome-derived cochleate containing recombinant gd protein confers protective immunity against genital herpes in mice. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of intranasal (in) immunization with neisseria meningitides b proteoliposome (afpl1) and afpl1-derived cochleate (afco1), containing glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) for induction of protective immunity against genital herpes infection in mice. we could show that in immunization with both afpl1 and afco1 containing gd induced gd-specific igg antibody and lymphoproliferative responses. however, ifn-gamma response ... | 2010 | 19945418 |
| construction and immune response of hsv-2gd-hsp70 dna vaccine. | 2010 | 19942410 | |
| herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific t cells activated in the absence of ifn-gamma express alternative effector functions but are not protective against genital hsv-2 infection. | interferon gamma (ifngamma) is important for immune resistance to herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. to examine the influence of ifngamma on the development of hsv-specific immune responses and test for ifngamma-independent adaptive immune mechanisms of protection, ifngamma-deficient mice (ifngamma(-/-)) were immunized with thymidine kinase-deficient hsv-2 (hsv-2 333tk(-)). hsv-specific cellular and humoral responses were elicited in immunized ifngamma(-/-) mice resulting in increased resista ... | 2010 | 19942296 |
| epidemiology of herpes simplex virus types 2 and 1 amongst men who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics in england and wales: implications for hiv prevention and management. | the objective was to investigate herpes simplex virus (hsv) epidemiology amongst hiv-positive and hiv-negative men who have sex with men (msm) in england and wales. unlinked anonymous sera from 3,968 msm attending 12 sexual health clinics in 2003 were tested for hiv, hsv-2 and hsv-1 antibodies. fifty-five percent of hiv-positive msm were hsv-2-seropositive, compared to 17% of hiv-negative msm (adj rr: 2.14 [ci: 1.92-2.37]). amongst hiv-positive individuals, there was no significant difference in ... | 2009 | 19941804 |
| immunology: a helpers' guide to infection. | 2009 | 19940905 | |
| recent syphilis infection prevalence and risk factors among male low-income populations in coastal peruvian cities. | the objective of this study was to examine the epidemiology of syphilis among high-risk socially marginalized populations in urban, coastal peru, to quantify the prevalence of recent syphilis infection and identify risk factors. | 2010 | 19940809 |
| skin disease among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents in zimbabwe: a strong indicator of underlying hiv infection. | southern africa is witnessing the emergence of an epidemic of long-term survivors of vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection presenting with untreated hiv as adolescents. dermatologic conditions, common in both hiv-infected adults and children, have not been described in this age-group. we investigated the prevalence and spectrum of skin conditions in adolescents admitted to hospitals in zimbabwe. | 2010 | 19940800 |
| medical application of herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are important human pathogens that cause a variety of diseases from mild skin diseases such as herpes labialis and herpes genitalis to life-threatening diseases such as herpes encephalitis and neonatal herpes. a number of studies have elucidated the roles of this virus in viral replication and pathogenicity, the regulation of gene expression, interaction with the host cell and immune evasion from the host system. this research has allowed th ... | 2010 | 19939634 |
| effects of genital ulcer disease and herpes simplex virus type 2 on the efficacy of male circumcision for hiv prevention: analyses from the rakai trials. | randomized trials show that male circumcision (mc) reduces the incidence of hiv and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections, and symptomatic genital ulcer disease (gud). we assessed the role of gud and hsv-2 in the protection against hiv afforded by mc. | 2009 | 19936044 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among female adolescents aged 14 to 19 in the united states. | most young women initiate sexual activity during adolescence; risk for sexually transmitted infections (stis) accompanies this initiation. in this study we estimated the prevalence of the most common stis among a representative sample of female adolescents in the united states. | 2009 | 19933728 |
| herpes simplex virus sepsis and acute liver failure. | acute liver failure is a life threatening disease mostly triggered by drug-induced or toxic liver damage or viral hepatitis. herpes simplex virus (hsv) hepatitis is rare and accounts for only 1% of all acute liver failures. the importance of hsv-induced acute liver failure is based on its extremely severe clinical course with lethality rates of almost 75%. hsv hepatitis is just one of several clinical manifestations of hsv sepsis leading more frequently to encephalitis, pneumonia and esophagitis ... | 2009 | 19930315 |
| relative hiv resistance in kenyan sex workers is not due to an altered prevalence or mucosal immune impact of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | chronic infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) increases hiv susceptibility, perhaps due to hsv-2-associated increases in activated mucosal immune cells. a small number of kenyan female sex workers (fsws) exhibit relative hiv resistance. we examined whether relative hiv resistance was related to differences in the prevalence or mucosal immune impact of hsv-2. participants were recruited from an open cohort of hiv-uninfected fsws in nairobi, kenya. women who had been practicing sex work ... | 2009 | 19925401 |
| genital herpes simplex virus type 1 in women: detection in cervicovaginal specimens from gynecological practices in the united states. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) are significant human pathogens causing clinically indistinguishable facial and genital lesions. recently, the number of reported genital herpes cases caused by type 1 virus has increased. identifying the hsv type is of clinical importance to determine proper treatment, as there is no licensed vaccine or cure. we assessed, by pcr, the frequency of hsv-1 and hsv-2 present in more than 60,000 clinical cervicovaginal specimens derived from samples o ... | 2010 | 19923487 |
| mollaret meningitis may be caused by reactivation of latent cerebral toxoplasmosis. | mollaret meningitis (mm) occurs mainly in females and is characterized by recurrent episodes of headache, transient neurological abnormalities, and the cerebrospinal fluid containing mononuclear cells. hsv-2 was usually identified as the causative agent. recently, we found that recurrent headaches in non-hiv-infected subjects were due to acquired cerebral toxoplasmosis (ct). the aim of the study was therefore to focus on molecular pathomechanisms that may lead to reactivation of latent ct and ma ... | 2009 | 19922380 |
| distribution of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella zoster virus in ganglia of the human head and neck. | the distribution of the neurotropic alphaherpesviruses-herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) and varicella zoster virus (vzv)-was determined in autonomic and sensory ganglia of the head and neck obtained from formalin-fixed human cadavers. hsv-1 and vzv dna were found in 18 of 58 and 16 of 58 trigeminal, 23 of 58 and 11 of 58 pterygopalatine, 25 of 60 and 14 of 60 ciliary, 25 of 48 and 11 of 48 geniculate, 15 of 50 and 8 of 50 otic, 14 of 47 and 4 of 47 submandibular, 18 of 58 a ... | 2009 | 19919304 |
| aging promotes neutrophil-induced mortality by augmenting il-17 production during viral infection. | morbidity and mortality associated with viral infections increase with age, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. here, we investigated whether aging alters inflammatory responses during systemic viral infection and thereby contributes to virus-induced death. we found that infection of aged mice with systemic herpes viruses led to rapid increases in serum il-17, neutrophil activation, and mortality due to hepatocyte necrosis. in contrast, all young mice survived infection, displaying w ... | 2009 | 19917499 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in india: implications for treatment and prevention. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable sexually transmissible infection (sti) worldwide. the present study describes the burden and correlates of t. vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in mysore, india. | 2009 | 19917204 |
| circumcision and risk of sexually transmissible infections in a community-based cohort of hiv-negative homosexual men in sydney, australia. | circumcision status was examined as an independent risk factor for sexually transmissible infections (stis) in the health in men cohort of homosexual men in sydney. | 2009 | 19911990 |
| herpes simplex virus in african american heterosexual males: the roles of age and male circumcision. | background:: male circumcision is protective against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and select other stis. the protective role of male circumcision in genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection and disease, however, remains controversial. methods:: we evaluated data from a sample of heterosexual black men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic to determine if circumcision status influenced hsv-1 and hsv-2 seroprevalence, clinical genital disease, or asymptomatic shedding. consent ... | 2009 | 19910861 |
| childhood kikuchi-fujimoto disease. | to investigate the clinical features of kikuchi-fujimoto disease (kfd) and the relationship between viral infection and this disease in children will be better as kikuchi-fujimoto disease (kfd) is a lymphadenopathy. the aim of study is to investigate the clinical features of kfd and the relationship. the age, gender, clinical features and aetiopathogenesis of 36 chinese children with fkd were reviewed, and the viral antigens were detected. mean age was 10.1 +/- 2.8 yr with a male to female ratio ... | 2009 | 19904514 |
| fsl-1, a bacterial-derived toll-like receptor 2/6 agonist, enhances resistance to experimental hsv-2 infection. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a leading cause of genital ulceration that can predispose individuals to an increased risk of acquiring other sexually transmitted infections. there are no approved hsv-2 vaccines and current suppressive therapies require daily compound administration that does not prevent all recurrences. a promising experimental strategy is the use of toll-like receptor (tlr) agonists to induce an innate immune response that provides resistance to hsv-2 infection. previou ... | 2009 | 19903337 |
| gammadelta t lymphocytes producing ifngamma and il-17 in response to candida albicans or mycobacterial antigens: possible implications for acute and chronic inflammation. | t lymphocytes bearing the gammadelta t cell receptor are known to play an important role in the first-line defense against viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens. two main subsets of gammadelta t cells are known, showing distinct functional behaviour: vdelta2 t lymphocytes, circulating in the peripheral blood, are involved in the response to mycobacterial infections and certain viruses, including coxsakie virus b3 and herpes simplex virus type 2. vdelta1 t cells are resident in the mucosal-associ ... | 2009 | 19903136 |
| the association between lack of circumcision and hiv, hsv-2, and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men. | observational studies evaluating the association of circumcision and hiv infection among men who have sex with men (msm) have yielded mixed results. we examined the relationship between circumcision and hiv, herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2), syphilis, urethral gonorrhea, and urethral chlamydia among msm stratified by anal sexual role. | 2010 | 19901865 |
| etiology and determinants of sexually transmitted infections in karnataka state, south india. | syndromic case management remains the cornerstone for sti (sexually transmitted infection) treatment in many countries. we undertook this study to better understand the etiology of stis in adults in south india and to inform sti management guidelines. | 2010 | 19901864 |
| cd8(+) t lymphocyte mobilization to virus-infected tissue requires cd4(+) t-cell help. | cd4(+) t helper cells are well known for their role in providing critical signals during priming of cytotoxic cd8(+) t lymphocyte (ctl) responses in vivo. t-cell help is required for the generation of primary ctl responses as well as in promoting protective cd8(+) memory t-cell development. however, the role of cd4 help in the control of ctl responses at the effector stage is unknown. here we show that fully helped effector ctls are themselves not self-sufficient for entry into the infected tiss ... | 2009 | 19898495 |
| role of hsv-2 suppressive therapy for hiv prevention. | 2009 | 19895212 | |
| multi-targeted neuroprotection by the hsv-2 gene icp10pk includes robust bystander activity through pi3-k/akt and/or mek/erk-dependent neuronal release of vascular endothelial growth factor and fractalkine. | hippocampal cultures infected with the deltarr vector for the hsv-2 anti-apoptotic gene icp10pk survive cell death triggered by a wide variety of insults. survival includes robust protection of uninfected neurons, but the mechanism of this bystander activity is still unclear. here we report that icp10pk+ neurons release soluble factors that protect uninfected neurons from nmda and mpp+-induced apoptosis. release depends on icp10pk-mediated activation of the ras signaling pathways mek/erk and pi3 ... | 2010 | 19891735 |
| identification of viral micrornas expressed in human sacral ganglia latently infected with herpes simplex virus 2. | deep sequencing of small rnas isolated from human sacral ganglia latently infected with herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) was used to identify hsv-2 micrornas (mirnas) expressed during latent infection. this effort resulted in the identification of five distinct hsv-2 mirna species, two of which, mir-h3/mir-i and mir-h4/mir-ii, have been previously reported. three novel hsv-2 mirnas were also identified, and two of these, mir-h7 and mir-h9, are derived from the latency-associated transcript (lat) a ... | 2010 | 19889786 |
| hsv type 2 infection increases hiv dna detection in vaginal tissue of mice expressing human cd4 and ccr5. | the goal of this study was to develop an in vivo murine model that can be used to study the influence of hsv-2 on hiv infection. mice expressing transgenes for human cd4, ccr5, and cyclin t1 were infected intravaginally with hsv-2 and 3-7 days later infected with hiv. hiv dna was detected by real-time pcr. the frequency of detection of hiv dna was significantly higher (65%) in vaginal tissue of hsv-2-infected mice compared to mock-infected mice (35%) when hiv was given 3 days after hsv-2. hsv-2- ... | 2009 | 19886831 |
| [vitaherpavac is the first russian herpes simplex virus vaccine obtained on the vero b continuous cell line]. | vitaherpavac, a dry inactivated herpes simplex virus (hsv) culture vaccine, has been obtained, by using the vero b continuous cell line as a substrate for accumulation of herpes simplex virus types 1 (us strain) and 2 (vn strain). vitaherpavac and the similar vaccine herpovax made by the research institute of vaccines and sera, saint petersburg (for which preparation a primary trypsinized chick embryo cell culture used as a substrate for accumulation of hsv types 1 and 2), underwent comparative ... | 2009 | 19882901 |
| isolation of acridone alkaloids and n-[(4-monoterpenyloxy)phenylethyl]-substituted sulfur-containing propanamide derivatives from glycosmis parva and their anti-herpes simplex virus activity. | six acridone alkaloids including a new glycosparvarine (1), three limonoids, and four n-[(4-monoterpenyloxy)phenylethyl]-substituted sulfur-containing propanamide derivatives including two new species, (+)-s-deoxydihydroglyparvin (10) and (+)-s-deoxytetrahydroglyparvin (11), were isolated from the branches and the leaves of glycosmis parva craib collected in the east of thailand. antiviral activity evaluation of isolates against herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and 2 disclosed that two acridone ... | 2009 | 19881276 |
| hla-drb1*01 allele and low plasma immunoglobulin g1 concentration may predispose to herpes-associated recurrent lymphocytic meningitis. | recurrent lymphocytic meningitis (rlm) is a rare illness caused mostly by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). predisposing factors are not known. deficiencies in immunoglobulin (ig) g subclasses 1 (igg1) and 3 (igg3) and complement protein c4 are associated with susceptibility to and persistence of bacterial and viral infections. selected hla and mannose-binding lectin (mbl) alleles have previously been associated with recurrent genital herpes or herpetic meningitis. we assessed the frequencies ... | 2010 | 19879913 |
| viral entry mechanisms: cellular and viral mediators of herpes simplex virus entry. | herpes simplex virus type-1 and type-2 are highly prevalent human pathogens causing life-long infections. the process of infection begins when the virions bind heparan sulfate moieties present on host cell surfaces. this initial attachment then triggers a cascade of molecular interactions involving multiple viral and host cell proteins and receptors, leading to penetration of the viral nucleocapsid and tegument proteins into the cytoplasm. the nucleocapsid is then transported to the nuclear memb ... | 2009 | 19878306 |
| concentrated and linked epidemics of both hsv-2 and hiv-1/hiv-2 infections in senegal: public health impacts of the spread of hiv. | the objective of this article is to report seroprevalences on hiv and herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) in female sex workers (fsw) and in two sentinel populations of pregnant women living in senegal. serosurveys of hiv and hsv-2 were conducted in two unselected sentinel populations from dakar, senegal, and its provinces, including in 2003 only pregnant women and 2006 pregnant women and fsw. the population study involved 888 pregnant women and 604 fsw. in pregnant women, hiv and hsv-2 seroprevalenc ... | 2009 | 19875833 |
| polyradiculoneuropathy associated to human herpesvirus 2 in an hiv-1-infected patient (elsberg syndrome): case report and literature review. | peripheral nerve disorders are a common complication in hiv patients, reaching 15% of them. several patterns and aetiologies have been described, being lumbosacral poliradiculoneuropathy one of them. we describe an hiv-1-infected patient who developed lumbosacral poliradiculoneuropathy caused by human herpesvirus 2 and review the literature about this uncommon condition. | 2010 | 19858783 |
| bipolar hypertrophic herpes: an unusual presentation of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex type 2 in a hiv-infected patient. | hypertrophic pseudo tumoral herpetic lesion is an uncommon presentation in immunocompromized hosts that can be refractory to established therapies. we describe bipolar anal and tonsilar herpetic tumoral lesions related to acyclovir-resistant hsv-2 in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient. treatment with valacyclovir, cidofovir, and thalidomide failed and surgical excision was required. | 2010 | 19858782 |
| the adjuvant cldc increases protection of a herpes simplex type 2 glycoprotein d vaccine in guinea pigs. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are common but there is no vaccine available. we evaluated cationic liposome-dna complexes (cldc) as an adjuvant for an hsv gd2 vaccine and compared it to an mpl/alum adjuvant in a guinea pig model of genital herpes. the addition of cldc to the gd2 vaccine significantly decreased acute and recurrent disease and most importantly the number of days with recurrent virus shedding compared to gd2 alone. reductions in these outcomes were also detected when gd2+cld ... | 2010 | 19857450 |
| new concepts in understanding genital herpes. | herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 is a lifelong infection that causes recurrent genital ulcers and, rarely, disseminated and visceral disease. hsv-1 infection is an increasingly important cause of genital ulcers. hsv infections are the most common cause of genital ulcers in adults, but acquisition and chronic infection are more commonly asymptomatic than symptomatic. both the symptomatic and asymptomatic forms of hsv are of clinical consequence for several reasons. hsv-2 infection enhances hiv-1 acqu ... | 2009 | 19857385 |
| performance of hsv-2 type specific serological tests in men in kenya. | this study compared five serological tests with western blot from university of washington to determine the most accurate method for detecting antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in a male population in kisumu, kenya. a random sample of 250 fishermen from 18 beaches along lake victoria underwent serological testing by two generations of the herpeselect hsv-2 elisa ("focus gen 1" and "focus gen 2"), kalon hsv-2 elisa ("kalon"), biokit hsv-2 rapid test ("biokit"), and herpeselect exp ... | 2010 | 19854222 |
| aspects of herpes simplex virus: a clinical review. | 2009 | 19849918 | |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus by polyamines. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) establishes latent infection in humans with periodic reactivation. acyclovir, valacyclovir and foscarnet are in medical use today against hsv type-1 (hsv-1) and type-2 (hsv-2), inhibiting the dna synthesis of the viruses. additional drugs that will affect the growth of these viruses by other mechanisms and also decrease the frequency of appearance of drug-resistant mutants are required. | 2009 | 19843979 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of melaleuca alternifolia essential oil. | to investigate the in vitro antiviral activity of melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (tto) and its main components, terpinen-4-ol, alpha-terpinene, gamma-terpinene, p-cymene, terpinolene and alpha-terpineol. | 2009 | 19843207 |
| the prevalence of sexually transmitted and other lower reproductive tract infections among rural women in sichuan province, china. | to estimate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) and lower reproductive tract infections (rti) and determine risk factors for sti among rural women in sichuan province, china, a cross-sectional, community-based cluster sample of 2,000 rural, married women were interviewed, examined and clinical specimens collected to assess for six sti and two non-sexually transmitted rti. the overall prevalence of any sti was 10.9% (95% ci 9.5-12.3); of any sti or rti was 30.8% (95% ci 28.7-3 ... | 2009 | 19842387 |
| pregnancy, contraceptive use, and hiv acquisition in hptn 039: relevance for hiv prevention trials among african women. | biomedical hiv prevention trials enroll sexually active women at risk of hiv and often discontinue study product during pregnancy. we assessed risk factors for pregnancy and hiv acquisition, and the effect of pregnancy on time off study drug in hiv prevention trials network 039. | 2010 | 19838129 |
| comparison of focus herpesselect and kalon hsv-2 gg2 elisa serological assays to detect herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies in a south african population. | sero-epidemiological studies of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 infection in africa remain difficult to interpret as a result of the high rate of false-positive results observed when using the new recombinant gg2 hsv-2 elisa tests. the performance of two widely used gg2 elisa was compared to derive an appropriate testing algorithm for use in south africa. | 2010 | 19837726 |
| liposomal gd ectodomain (gd1-306) vaccine protects against hsv2 genital or rectal infection of female and male mice. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) is the most common causative agent of genital herpes, with infection rates as high as 1 in 6 adults. the present studies were done to evaluate the efficacy of a liposomal hsv2 gd(1-306) vaccine (l-gd(1-306)-hd) in an acute murine hsv2 infection model of intravaginal (female) or intrarectal (male or female) challenge. two doses of l-gd(1-306)-hd containing 60 microg gd(1-306)-hd and 15 microg monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl) per dose provided protection against hsv2 ... | 2009 | 19835825 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 tegument protein ul56 relocalizes ubiquitin ligase nedd4 and has a role in transport and/or release of virions. | the ubiquitin system functions in a variety of cellular processes including protein turnover, protein sorting and trafficking. many viruses exploit the cellular ubiquitin system to facilitate viral replication. in fact, herpes simplex virus (hsv) encodes a ubiquitin ligase (e3) and a de-ubiquitinating enzyme to modify the host's ubiquitin system. we have previously reported hsv type 2 (hsv-2) tegument protein ul56 as a putative adaptor protein of neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally ... | 2009 | 19835589 |
| herpes folliculosebaceous ulcer in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an ulcerative variant of herpes folliculitis associated with herpesvirus invasion of folliculosebaceous units in immunocompromised hosts. | 2010 | 19832859 | |
| vaccines and microbicides preventing hiv-1, hsv-2, and hpv mucosal transmission. | hiv-1, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and human papillomavirus (hpv), among other sexually transmitted infections, represent a major burden for global health. initial insights into the mucosal transmission of these viral pathogens have raised optimism with regard to the rapid generation of protective vaccines. nevertheless, setbacks for hiv-1 and hsv-2 vaccines have seriously challenged the initial enthusiasm. recently, two new vaccines that efficiently prevented hpv infection have renewed ... | 2010 | 19829304 |
| increased number and function of natural killer cells in human immunodeficiency virus 1-positive subjects co-infected with herpes simplex virus 2. | natural killer (nk) cells bridge the interface between innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in the control of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infection. in subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1), the critical impact of the innate immune response on disease progression has recently come into focus. higher numbers of nk cells are associated with lower hiv-1 plasma viraemia. individuals with the compound genotype of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (kir) 3ds ... | 2010 | 19824915 |
| safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of spl7013 gel (vivagel): a dose ranging, phase i study. | to evaluate safety, tolerability and systemic pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of spl7013 gel in healthy women. | 2010 | 19823111 |
| herpes simplex virus infection and pemphigus. | pemphigus is a group of autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and/or mucous membranes caused by the presence of antibodies against adhesion molecules on the cell surface of keratinocytes. in genetically predisposed patients, several factors, including drugs, physical agents, neoplasms, hormones, and viruses, notably herpes simplex virus (hsv), have been hypothesized to trigger or exacerbate the disorder. to clarify whether hsv infection represents an aetiopathogenetic factor for pemphigus o ... | 2009 | 19822095 |
| obstructive endo-bronchial pseudotumour due to herpes simplex type 2 infection in an hiv-infected man. | we report a 31-year-old man with an obstructive bronchial lesion due to herpes simplex type 2 infection, who responded promptly to endoscopic resection and oral treatment with acyclovir. exophytic lesions of the respiratory tract are rare, potentially life-threatening, but readily treated complication of herpes simplex virus infection in hiv-infected individuals. | 2009 | 19815922 |
| infection and thyroid autoimmunity: a seroepidemiologic study of tpoaab. | infectious agents have been implicated as triggers of autoimmunity. prospective epidemiologic studies of infection with specific pathogens and the subsequent elevation of specific autoantibodies are difficult and costly to conduct. as a result, a solid body of evidence regarding this theoretically intriguing connection remains to be accrued. we studied term sera from 1807 pregnancies in 1591 women for whom igg status for cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes si ... | 2009 | 19811261 |
| implementation of routine access to herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody testing in a public health sexually transmitted disease clinic. | testing for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antibody is not common in clinical practice. client characteristics associated with hsv-2 rapid antibody test uptake and test positivity were analyzed in clients attending an urban sexually transmitted disease clinic. | 2009 | 19809384 |
| screening for hsv-2 infection in std clinics and beyond: a few answers but more questions. | 2009 | 19809383 | |
| excoecarianin, isolated from phyllanthus urinaria linnea, inhibits herpes simplex virus type 2 infection through inactivation of viral particles. | phyllanthus urinaria linnea (euphorbiaceae) is one of the traditional medicinal plants widely used by oriental people to treat various diseases. we have previously demonstrated that the acetone extract of p. urinaria inhibits herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) but not hsv-1 infection. in a continuing effort to clarify the antiviral mechanisms of p. urinaria, we isolated the pure compound excoecarianin from the whole plant of p. urinaria through acetone extraction, and investigated its anti-hsv- ... | 2009 | 19808846 |
| clinical correlates of herpes simplex virus viremia among hospitalized adults. | quantification of herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna in the peripheral blood is often used to evaluate patients suspected of having disseminated hsv infection. few studies have examined the clinical correlates of hsv viremia among adults. | 2009 | 19807272 |
| infection of neurons and encephalitis after intracranial inoculation of herpes simplex virus requires the entry receptor nectin-1. | multiple entry receptors can mediate infection of cells by herpes simplex virus (hsv), permitting alternative pathways for infection and disease. we investigated the roles of two known entry receptors, herpesvirus entry mediator (hvem) and nectin-1, in infection of neurons in the cns and the development of encephalitis. wild-type, hvem ko, nectin-1 ko, and hvem/nectin-1 double ko mice were inoculated with hsv into the hippocampus. the mice were examined for development of encephalitis or were ki ... | 2009 | 19805039 |
| [eczema herpeticum caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. review of the literature about one case]. | eczema herpeticum is an extensive vesicular eruption caused by cutaneous dissemination of herpes simplex virus in patients who have underlying skin conditions or epidermal barrier disruption. herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) is the most common etiology. this is the first report in chile of a case of eczema herpeticum caused by hsv 2 in a patient with darier's disease, we review the literature and emphasize the use of sensitive and specific assays as real time polymerase chain reaction, that a ... | 2009 | 19802405 |
| the hsv-2 mutant deltapk induces melanoma oncolysis through nonredundant death programs and associated with autophagy and pyroptosis proteins. | malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive and drug-resistant cancer. virotherapy is a novel therapeutic strategy based on cancer cell lysis through selective virus replication. however, its clinical efficacy is modest, apparently related to poor virus replication within the tumors. we report that the growth compromised herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) mutant, deltapk, has strong oncolytic activity for melanoma largely caused by a mechanism other than replication-induced cell lysis. the ratio ... | 2010 | 19798049 |
| maternal and neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. | 2009 | 19797284 | |
| high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among young peruvians who have sexual intercourse with foreign travelers in cuzco. | sexual networking in popular tourist destinations is a problem worldwide. in peru, locals sexually interacting with travelers bridge high-risk groups, the general population, and travelers. | 2009 | 19796098 |
| genital herpes: an internet-based risk survey. | genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. we established a web-based survey to determine risk for genital herpes and encourage people to attend for herpes simplex virus testing. a survey was established on the australian herpes management forum (ahmf) website, consisting of 16 demographic and sexual health-related questions. each question carried a numerical risk-weighting based on epidemiological data; the higher the overall score, the greater the risk ... | 2009 | 19793847 |
| evasion of the mucosal innate immune system by herpes simplex virus type 2. | understanding the mechanisms by which herpes simplex virus (hsv) evades host immune defenses is critical to defining new approaches for therapy and prevention. we performed transcriptional analyses and immunocytochemistry on sequential biopsy specimens of lesional tissue from the acute through the posthealing phases of recurrent mucocutaneous hsv-2 infection. histological analysis of these biopsy specimens during the acute stage revealed a massive infiltration of t cells, as well as monocytes/ma ... | 2009 | 19793807 |
| comparative pathobiology of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and related primate rhadinoviruses. | with the emergence of the aids epidemic over the last 2 decades and the more recent identification of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv, human herpesvirus 8), the genera of rhadinoviruses have gained importance as a family of viruses with oncogenic potential. first recognized in new world primates more than 30 y ago, the rhadinoviruses saimiriine herpesvirus 2 and ateline herpesvirus 2 have well-described transforming capabilities. recently several new species-specific rhadinoviruses o ... | 2008 | 19793454 |
| anti-herpetic properties of hydroalcoholic extracts and pressed juice from echinacea pallida. | hydroalcoholic extracts and pressed juice from echinacea pallida were phytochemically characterised by hplc-ms analyses. ferulic and caffeic acid derivatives were identified as major constituents. all tested extracts and pressed juice from echinacea pallida exhibited a low cytotoxic activity on monkey kidney cells in vitro. the inhibitory activity of echinacea against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) was analysed with plaque reduction assays. all hydroalcoholic extracts exhibite ... | 2010 | 19790030 |
| syndromic management and sti control in urban peru. | syndromic management is an inexpensive and effective method for the treatment of symptomatic sexually transmitted infections (stis), but its effectiveness as a method of sti control in at-risk populations is questionable. we sought to determine the potential utility of syndromic management as a public health strategy to control sti transmission in high-risk populations in urban peru. | 2009 | 19779620 |
| divergence and genotyping of human alpha-herpesviruses: an overview. | herpesviruses are large dna viruses that are highly disseminated among animals. of the eight herpesviruses identified in humans, three are classified into the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily: herpes simplex virus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2), which are typically associated with mucocutaneous lesions, and varicella-zoster virus (vzv), which is the cause of chicken pox and herpes zoster. all three viruses establish lifelong infections and may also induce more severe symptoms, such as neurological man ... | 2010 | 19772930 |
| inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides. | a series of 4'-thionucleosides were synthesized and evaluated for activities against orthopoxviruses and herpesviruses. we reported previously that one analog, 5-iodo-4'-thio-2'-deoxyuridine (4'-thioidu), exhibits good activity both in vitro and in vivo against two orthopoxviruses. this compound also has good activity in cell culture against many of the herpesviruses. it inhibited the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, and varicella-zoster virus with 50% effective concent ... | 2009 | 19770274 |
| 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine increases susceptibility to genital herpes simplex virus infection in mice. | abused by >1.2 million americans, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma) (commonly referred to as ecstasy) is popular in the dance club, rave, and circuit party scenes. mdma and other similar drugs are reportedly associated with increased incidence of sexually transmitted infectious diseases, such as aids and genital herpes, and may have immunological effects. in the present study, we demonstrate that mdma causes increased susceptibility to herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice and ear ... | 2009 | 19758099 |
| sexually transmitted infections and prostate cancer among men in the u.s. military. | studies of self-reported sexually transmitted infections (sti) suggesting an association with prostate cancer may reflect underreporting of such infections among nondiseased subjects. to reduce such bias, we studied archived sera in a cohort of u.s. military personnel known to have high rates of both stis and prostate cancer. using a nested case-control design, serum samples from 534 men who served on active duty between september 1, 1993 and september 1, 2003 were examined. controls were indivi ... | 2009 | 19755645 |
| synthesis and in-vitro activity of 4'-modified analogues of dda as potent anti-hiv agents. | this paper reports the synthesis of novel 4'-hydrophobic pocket deoxythreosyl c-nucleosides. the key threose-like intermediates 9 and 14 were constructed from acyclic ketone derivatives, respectively. the antiviral activities of the synthesized compounds against the hiv-1, hsv-1, hsv-2, and hcmv viruses were evaluated. the 9-deaza-adenine derivatives 10 and 20 showed good anti-hiv activity without exhibiting significant cytotoxicity. | 2009 | 19753563 |
| antiviral activity of rhus aromatica (fragrant sumac) extract against two types of herpes simplex viruses in cell culture. | we report on the antiviral potency of an aqueous extract of root/stem bark of rhus aromatica (fragrant sumac extract) against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in cell culture (rc-37 cells) using a plaque reduction assay. the extract exhibited a high level of anti-hsv activity with ic50-values of 0.0005% for hsv-1 and 0.0043% for hsv-2 as well as high selectivity indices (si) of 5400 for hsv-1 and 628 for hsv-2. in order to determine the mode of antiviral action, the fragrant sumac extract ... | 2009 | 19746844 |
| differences in the regulatory and functional effects of the us3 protein kinase activities of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2. | us3 protein kinases encoded by herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) are serine/threonine protein kinases and play critical roles in viral replication and pathogenicity in vivo. in the present study, we investigated differences in the biological properties of hsv-1 and hsv-2 us3 protein kinases and demonstrated that hsv-2 us3 did not have some of the hsv-1 us3 kinase functions, including control of nuclear egress of nucleocapsids, localization of ul31 and ul34, and cell surface expression ... | 2009 | 19740999 |
| protective role of fas-fasl signaling in lethal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) induces acute local infection followed by latent infection in the nervous system and often leads to the development of lethal encephalitis in immunocompromised hosts. the mechanisms of immune protection against lethal hsv-2 infection, however, have not been clarified. in this study, we examined the roles of fas-fas ligand (fasl) signaling in lethal infection with hsv-2 by using mice with mutated fas (lpr) or fasl (gld) in c57bl/6 background. both lpr and gld m ... | 2009 | 19740996 |
| trichomoniasis and other sexually transmitted infections: results from the 2001-2004 national health and nutrition examination surveys. | to estimate the association between trichomonas vaginalis infection (tv) and 6 sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2), syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in a nationally representative sample. | 2009 | 19734826 |
| herpesvirus protein icp27 switches pml isoform by altering mrna splicing. | viruses use alternative splicing to produce a broad series of proteins from small genomes by utilizing the cellular splicing machinery. since viruses use cellular rna binding proteins for viral rna processing, it is presumable that the splicing of cellular pre-mrnas is affected by viral infection. here, we showed that herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) modifies the expression of promyelocytic leukemia (pml) isoforms by altering pre-mrna splicing. using a newly developed virus-sensitive splicing ... | 2009 | 19729513 |
| acyclovir: a new use for an old drug. | epidemiological studies have demonstrated that hiv-1 and herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) are responsible for two epidemics and that, by overlapping in risk populations, they reinforce the spreading of both hiv-1 disease and genital herpes. randomized controlled trials have investigated whether acyclovir (acv), a synthetic drug designed to suppress herpes viruses, might provide an inexpensive and safe way to drastically reduce hiv-1 spreading around the world. the controversial results of these tr ... | 2009 | 19726982 |
| brief counseling for reducing sexual risk and bacterial stis among drug users--results from project respect. | project respect's brief risk reduction counseling (brrc) reduced sexual risk and bacterial stis among at-risk heterosexuals and has been packaged for use with this population. we assessed brrc's efficacy with respect participants who used drugs and examined brrc's applicability to present-day users of heroin, cocaine, speedball, or crack. | 2010 | 19720471 |
| improvement in healing and reduction in hiv shedding with episodic acyclovir therapy as part of syndromic management among men: a randomized, controlled trial. | it is uncertain whether episodic acyclovir will enhance ulcer healing if delivered at primary health care settings, because there is often a delay in treatment initiation. | 2009 | 19715417 |
| alcohol and transactional sex: how risky is the mix? | this study examines alcohol use, transactional sex (ts), and sexually transmitted infection (sti) risk among sugar plantation residents near moshi, tanzania, from 2002 to 2004. we compare popular discourse gathered through ethnographic methods with cross-sectional questionnaire and sti prevalence data to illuminate the close correspondence of alcohol use and ts with sti transmission. people attributed to alcohol varied consequences: some socially desirable (relaxing, reducing worries) and others ... | 2009 | 19713023 |