Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [use of an immunoperoxidase method in situ for detecting recombinant clones of vaccinia virus containing an expressed gene of influenza viral hemagglutinins]. | the vaccine l-ivp strain of vaccinia virus (vv) was used to construct the recombinant viral clones containing the influenza a hemagglutinin gene. the recombinant t plasmid was obtained with ha gene inserted in the vector pgs-20 (b. moss) under the 7.5 k promoter of vv. a homologous recombination technique was used to insert the gene with the flanking tk sequences into vaccinia virus genome. the recombinant clones were selected by dot-hybridization with [32p]-labeled ha-probe. these recombinants ... | 1989 | 2692303 |
| characterization of cap structures. | 1989 | 2693907 | |
| vaccinia virus expression vectors. | 1989 | 2698098 | |
| transcription in vaccinia virus. | transcription of poxvirus genes is temporally regulated and takes place in the cytoplasm of the infected cell. virus-encoded enzymes produce capped, methylated and polyadenylated mrna. the virus transcriptional apparatus recognises promoter sequences within the virus genome which bear little resemblance to either eukaryotic or prokaryotic promoter regions. mrna's produced late in infection possess 5'poly (a) sequences which are not encoded in the genome. the process of transcription in poxviruse ... | 1989 | 2698178 |
| [the immunogenic capacity of soluble "vaccinia" antigen (fractionated smallpox vaccine) administered simultaneously with inactivated typhoid vaccine and with purified and concentrated tetanus anatoxin]. | in this study we have investigated the immune humoral response in the associated vaccination with smallpox, tetanus and typhoid fractionated vaccine (trivaccine) administered in two series at 1 month interval, by dermojet, in a group of young people of 18-20 years old. the results were comparatively estimated with those obtained in two groups of young people of the same age (control group), separately immunized with two components of the tri-vaccine: fractionated smallpox vaccine and tetanus tox ... | 1989 | 2699409 |
| reactivity and tolerance of virus-specific t cells. | 1989 | 2701218 | |
| cyclophosphamide potentiates the antitumor activity of v-p97ny. | previous work has demonstrated that a recombinant live vaccinia virus-based tumor vaccine, v-p97ny, induces an immune response in mice which can lead to the rejection of transfected lines of mouse melanoma cells expressing the human melanoma antigen p97 (s.-l. hu et al., j. virol. 62, 176, 1988; c. d. estin et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 85, 1052, 1988). we now show that the ability of v-p97ny to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity to p97 improved if the vaccinated mice were given cyclophos ... | 1989 | 2702696 |
| intramolecular homologous recombination in cells infected with temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus. | i have used a plasmid containing two copies of the saccharmyces cerevisiae his3 gene to study intramolecular homologous recombination in vaccina virus-infected cells. recombination of the plasmid was monitored by restriction enzyme digestion and southern blot hybridization in cells infected with representatives from each of 32 complementation groups of temperature-sensitive mutants ts42 and ts17 did not replicate nor detectably recombine the input plasmid. all except one of the mutants that synt ... | 1989 | 2704074 |
| monoclonal antibody defining tax protein of human t-cell leukemia virus type-i. | we prepared a monoclonal antibody (mab), lt-4, which recognizes a tax protein expressed in htlv-i-infected cells. indirect immunofluorescence staining showed that the antigen recognized by lt-4 mab located mainly in the nuclei of htlv-i-infected t cell lines such as hut102, tcl-as2, mt-1 and mt-2, and also weakly in the cytoplasm of mt-2 cell line. lt-4 mab did not react with two htlv-i-uninfected t cell lines tested and fresh and pha-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of several norma ... | 1989 | 2711372 |
| hiv-1 core proteins expressed from recombinant vaccinia viruses. | the sequences encoding the core proteins p55, p25, and p18 of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) have been inserted into the vaccinia virus genome. infection of cultured cells with the live recombinant viruses led to the expression of proteins that were recognized by sera from hiv-seropositive individuals. immunization of mice with the recombinant virus expressing the hiv p25 protein and the p55 precursor yielded high levels of antibodies directed against the corresponding hiv antigens. th ... | 1989 | 2713165 |
| large-scale production and purification of a vaccinia recombinant-derived hiv-1 gp160 and analysis of its immunogenicity. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) envelope gene was expressed in large-scale microcarrier cultures of vero cells using a system involving coinfection with two recombinant vaccinia viruses. one recombinant contained the bacteriophage t7 rna polymerase gene under control of a vaccinia virus promoter. the second contained the hiv-1 gp160 gene flanked by t7 promoter and termination sequences. the protein was expressed on the surface of infected cells, and it was shown to have a molecular weig ... | 1989 | 2713166 |
| cdna-directed expression of rat testosterone 7 alpha-hydroxylase using the modified vaccinia virus, t7-rna-polymerase system and evidence for 6 alpha-hydroxylation and delta 6-testosterone formation. | the modified vaccinia virus, t7-rna-polymerase cdna-expression system was used to express rat cytochrome p-450a. various parameters such as host-cell type and density, and duration of infection were tested to optimize the level of expression of cytochrome p-450a enzyme activity. cytochrome p-450a expressed from the cdna sequence was exclusively incorporated into the membrane-containing portions of the cell lysates, as expected from its normal association in the liver endoplasmic reticulum. the e ... | 1989 | 2714287 |
| immunization with a vaccinia recombinant expressing the f protein protects rabbits from challenge with a lethal dose of rinderpest virus. | a cdna clone containing the complete coding sequence of the rinderpest fusion protein (f) gene was inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus (wr strain) under the control of the 7.5k early/late vaccinia virus promoter. all forms of the f protein, i.e., the glycosylated f0 precursor, the unglycosylated f1 protein, and the glycosylated f2 protein, were detected in cells infected with the recombinant virus. vaccination of rabbits with the recombinant virus induced antibodies which r ... | 1989 | 2718375 |
| rifampicin prevents virosome localization of l65, an essential vaccinia virus polypeptide. | in contrast to its irreversible effect on the escherichia colirna polymerase beta-subunit, the antibiotic rifampicin reversibly inhibits vaccinia virus morphogenesis at a step during the formation of immature viral particles. the protein affected by the presence of rifampicin is l65, a major late vaccinia polypeptide to which mutations that confer rifampicin resistance have been mapped. we now provide evidence using a monospecific anti-l65 serum in concert with immunofluorescence and sucrose gra ... | 1989 | 2718382 |
| sialic acid is cleaved from glycoconjugates at the cell surface when influenza virus neuraminidases are expressed from recombinant vaccinia viruses. | three different influenza virus neuraminidase (na) genes have been subcloned into the vector psc11 and expressed from the recombinant vaccinia viruses. these genes are from influenza viruses a/tokyo/3/67 (n2); a/tern/australia/g70c/75 (n9); and b/hong kong (hg)(na of b/lee/40). cells infected with recombinants containing the na gene express enzymatically active na on the cell surface. the expressed protein results in the infected cells beings stripped of sialic acid, the receptor for influenza v ... | 1989 | 2718386 |
| improved recombinant lc16m0 or lc16m8 vaccinia virus successfully expressing hepatitis b surface antigen. | an attempt was made to develop a safe, efficacious live recombinant vaccine using low neurovirulent strains of vaccinia virus: lc16m0 (m0) or lc16m8 (m8). recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) was constructed by inserting the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) gene fused to a 7.5 kda protein promoter (7.5 kda promoter) within the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase (tk) gene using the m0 or m8 strain as vectors. these rvvs expressed significant amounts of hbsag (1.1 microgram/2 x 10(5) cells) consisting ... | 1989 | 2718607 |
| efficacy of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of adenine in experimental herpes simplex virus and vaccinia virus infections in vivo. | the phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine [(s)-hpmpa], 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (pmea), and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine (pmedap) were evaluated for their in vivo efficacies in several animal model infections, i.e., mice infected intravenously with vaccinia virus and mice infected intracutaneously, intraperitoneally, or intracerebrally with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) or thymidine kinase-defici ... | 1989 | 2719463 |
| partial deletion of the human host range gene in the attenuated vaccinia virus mva. | the genome of a strongly attenuated vaccinia virus strain, mva, was investigated by southern blot and sequence analyses. three major deletions, relative to the wr strain, were localized in mva dna. the deletions occurred near both ends of the viral genome and one of them affected a 55 k as well as the 32 k human host range gene. although more than two thirds of the host range gene were eliminated from the mva, the virus could still multiply in certain human cells. | 1989 | 2719552 |
| vaccinia specific kinase inhibitory factor prevents translational inhibition by double-stranded rna in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. | mouse l-cells infected with vaccinia virus produce a specific kinase inhibitory factor (skif) which inhibits the activation of the interferon-induced, double-stranded (ds)rna-dependent, eukaryotic initiation factor (eif)-2 alpha-specific protein kinase in l-cell extracts (whitaker-dowling, p., and younger, j. s., (1984) virology 137, 171). the effects of a partially purified preparation of skif have been examined in cell-free extracts of rabbit reticulocytes. both the phosphorylation state of ei ... | 1989 | 2722870 |
| identification of temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus that are defective in conversion of concatemeric replicative intermediates to the mature linear dna genome. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to screen temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus for the ability to convert replicated viral dna into mature linear 185-kilobase hairpin-terminated genomes. of 30 mutually noncomplementing mutants tested, 5 displayed a temperature-sensitive defect in the resolution of the telomere fusion configuration within concatemeric replicative intermediates, resulting in a failure to convert such intermediates to the linear monomeric genome. adjacent genom ... | 1989 | 2724409 |
| mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing dengue 4 virus structural proteins with or without nonstructural protein ns1 are protected against fatal dengue virus encephalitis. | we have constructed vaccinia virus recombinants expressing dengue virus proteins from cloned dna for use in experimental immunoprophylaxis. a recombinant virus containing a 4.0-kilobase dna sequence that codes for three structural proteins, capsid (c), premembrane (pre-m), and envelope (e), and for nonstructural proteins ns1 and ns2a produced authentic pre-m, e, and ns1 in infected cv-1 cells. mice immunized with this recombinant were protected against an intracerebral injection of 100 50% letha ... | 1989 | 2724416 |
| characterization of vaccinia virus deletion mutants isolated from persistently infected friend erythroleukemia cells. | persistent viral infections in vitro are useful to study the evolution of virus populations in the absence of immunological pressure. several deletion mutants have been isolated in this laboratory from friend erythroleukemia cells persistently infected with vaccinia virus strain ihd-w, designated sqavac. two of the mutants, which remain stable after serial passage in l cells, have been characterized. the deletion which range between 20 to 22 kb, has been localized at the left terminus comprising ... | 1989 | 2728616 |
| cytochrome p-450 hpcn3, a novel cytochrome p-450 iiia gene product that is differentially expressed in adult human liver. cdna and deduced amino acid sequence and distinct specificities of cdna-expressed hpcn1 and hpcn3 for the metabolism of steroid hormones and cyclosporine. | immunoblotting analysis of human liver microsome preparations revealed that human cytochrome p-450 pcn1 (hpcn1, mr approximately 52,000) was expressed in each of 40 individual specimens examined. in about 10-20% of the livers, an immunologically related protein having a lower electrophoretic mobility (mr approximately 52,500) was also detected. a single liver was found that expressed only the lower mobility protein, designated hpcn3, and rna isolated from this liver was used to construct a lambd ... | 1989 | 2732228 |
| the nucleotide sequence around the capripoxvirus thymidine kinase gene reveals a gene shared specifically with leporipoxvirus. | we have extended previous comparisons of genetic organization between poxvirus genera by sequencing a 2.5k genomic fragment from isolate ks-1 (kenya sheep-1) of the genus capripoxvirus. the fragment is located in the central region of the capripoxvirus genome and contains three complete and two incomplete open reading frames (orfs). one of the complete orfs is a gene for thymidine kinase (tk). this gene, with one of the other two complete orfs and both the incomplete orfs, are homologous to four ... | 1989 | 2732700 |
| mechanism of immunity to influenza: maternal and passive neonatal protection following immunization of adult ferrets with a live vaccinia-influenza virus haemagglutinin recombinant but not with recombinants containing other influenza virus proteins. | neonatal ferrets are protected against infection with influenza virus by milk-derived anti-influenza virus igg after suckling on an immune mother. live vaccines protect better than killed vaccines despite their stimulation of lower maternal haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody levels. this suggests that antibody to virus proteins other than the haemagglutinin may also be involved. to investigate this, adult ferrets were immunized intradermally with live vaccinia-influenza virus recombinants eac ... | 1989 | 2732721 |
| cross-protection against microvariants of influenza virus type b by vaccinia viruses expressing haemagglutinins from egg- or mdck cell-derived subpopulations of influenza virus type b/england/222/82. | b/singapore/222/79-like influenza viruses isolated from three patients during the winter of 1981 to 1982 and cultured in either embryonated hens' eggs or mdck cells were studied. sequence analysis indicated that the haemagglutinin (ha) genes of the six virus preparations contained at least four distinct ha1 sequences which differed by up to six amino acids. only one pair of viruses had amino acid differences between the egg- and mdck cell-derived viral subpopulations and this change did not affe ... | 1989 | 2732722 |
| interaction between rabies infection and oral administration of vaccinia-rabies recombinant virus to foxes (vulpes vulpes). | we have investigated the influence of anti-rabies vaccination on the onset of the disease as well as the delay of death in foxes previously infected with rabies virus. a live vaccinia recombinant virus expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (vvtggrab) was used as vaccine. foxes were divided into six experimental groups of four animals. on day 0, each fox was experimentally infected with a rabies virus suspension. vvtggrab was administered by the oral route to each animal of three groups on day ... | 1989 | 2732723 |
| effects of neurotropin on regional brain noradrenaline metabolism in rats. | by measuring levels of noradrenaline (na) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (mhpg-so4), in various rat brain regions, we investigated the effects of an extract isolated from vaccinia virus-inoculated and inflamed skin or tissue of rabbits (neurotropin, nsp), administered acutely or chronically, on regional na metabolism in stressed and nonstressed rats. an acute administration of nsp at 50 mg/kg significantly elevated mhpg-so4 levels in the amygdala and ce ... | 1989 | 2733258 |
| experimental vaccinia virus infection of horses. | 1989 | 2735900 | |
| attenuated deletion mutants of vaccinia virus lacking the vaccinia growth factor are defective in replication in vivo. | understanding the molecular basis of virulence in poxvirus is of great importance for the development of recombinant vaccines using vaccinia virus as a vector. we have previously described mutants of vaccinia virus with deletions ranging from 20 to 21 kb at the left terminus and with attenuated phenotype. the virulence of these mutants was studied, using different routes of inoculation, for protection from wild-type challenge in mice and for replication in vivo. regardless of the route of inocul ... | 1989 | 2739561 |
| south carolina blocks test of rabies vaccine. | 1989 | 2740896 | |
| protection of guinea pigs from lassa fever by vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the nucleoprotein or the envelope glycoproteins of lassa virus. | a recombinant vaccinia virus that expresses the nucleoprotein gene of lassa virus (josiah strain) under the control of the p7.5 promoter was constructed using the lacz coexpression transfer vector psc11. southern blot analysis demonstrated that recombination of the sequences inserted within the thymidine kinase gene of the transfer vector into the hindiii j fragment of vaccina virus genomic dna occurred properly. a 63-kda protein identical in electrophoretic mobility to authentic lassa nucleopro ... | 1989 | 2741340 |
| expression vector pt7:tkii for the synthesis of authentic biologically active rna encoding vaccinia virus thymidine kinase. | a transcription vector, pt7: tkii, was constructed by a novel application of the polymerase chain reaction. chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides were used to direct the synthesis of a dna fragment which consisted of a truncated bacteriophage t7 promoter element fused to the vaccinia virus (vv) thymidine kinase gene (tk). this fragment was cloned into a puc118 plasmid and sequenced to ensure no mutations had occurred during its synthesis. when linearized at the 3' end of the vv tk gene at the bamhi sit ... | 1989 | 2744489 |
| [testing the immunity to orthopoxviruses in the white mouse with vaccinia virus]. | an infection model was developed, which allows the study of humoral and cellular immune response mechanisms induced by orthopox viruses in mice. the optimal infection route for neurovirulent vaccinia virus strains was investigated and resulted in well-defined clinical symptoms in non-immunized susceptible mice. signs of disease were taken as a basis for comparison. challenge infections by intracutaneous (i.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) application of vaccinia strain munich 1 (m1) appeared to be ... | 1989 | 2750360 |
| [safety and efficacy of an antirabies vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia-rabies virus administered orally to the fox, dog and cat]. | one of the most promising ways to control rabies in wildlife seems to be the distribution of bait containing an anti-rabies vaccine. so far, the most widely used vaccines were modified live viruses (sad strain or derivatives). nevertheless, these strains retain some pathogenicity for non-target species. a novel vaccine was proposed consisting of genetically modified vaccinia virus (strain copenhagen, thermosensitive ts 26) expressing the foreign glycoprotein g for the rabies virus (strain era). ... | 1989 | 2751231 |
| [the use of the gene responsible for formation of hemorrhage as a phenotypic marker in creating hybrid variations of vaccinia virus]. | 1989 | 2752898 | |
| cdna-directed expression of human thyroid peroxidase. | a human thyroid peroxidase cdna, htpo-1 [(1987) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 84, 5555-5559], was expressed in human hep g2 cells using a vaccinia virus cdna-expression system. when examined by immunoblot analysis, the level of htpo-1 protein expression reached a maximum approx. 24 h after infection and remained at a similar level up to 72 h post-infection. the expressed protein was enzymatically active as measured by guaiacol oxidation. monoclonal antibody-assisted immunoaffinity column chromatogr ... | 1989 | 2753139 |
| vaccinia virus hemagglutinin. a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. | striking similarities between vaccinia virus hemagglutinin (vvha) and proteins belonging to the ig superfamily clearly indicate that vvha, a 315-amino acid glycoprotein expressed on the surface of the infected cells, is a novel viral protein that can be added to the expanding list of the ig superfamily. its deduced amino acid sequence contains one ig-like domain at the nh2 terminus, followed by two tandem repeating units and a hydrophobic region, suggestive of membrane spanning. the results offe ... | 1989 | 2754392 |
| immune response and protection of cattle and pigs generated by a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the f protein of rinderpest virus. | the immune response of cattle and pigs to a vaccinia recombinant virus containing the fusion (f) protein gene of rinderpest virus was examined. half the cattle and all the pigs gave humoral response to primary vaccination and all the cattle gave an anamnestic response to a second vaccination 28 days after the primary vaccination. all the cattle after a single or secondary vaccination were completely protected clinically after exposure to a lethal dose of the saudi 1/81 strain of virus. prior vac ... | 1989 | 2763430 |
| mechanism of synthesis of turnip yellow mosaic virus coat protein subgenomic rna in vivo. | turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) possesses a monopartite single-stranded (+) sense rna genome in which the coat protein (cp) gene is 3' proximal and is expressed in vivo via a subgenomic rna. evidence is presented here that this subgenomic rna is synthesized in vivo by internal initiation of replication on (-) rna strands of genomic length. the double-stranded rnas (dsrnas) from tymv-infected plants have been isolated, purified, and characterized. under native conditions, no dsrnas (replicative ... | 1989 | 2763458 |
| mapping and insertional mutagenesis of a vaccinia virus gene encoding a 13,800-da secreted protein. | the objective of this study was to identify and characterize the gene encoding a protein of approximately 12 kda that is secreted from cells infected with the vaccinia virus. the absence of this protein from the medium of cells infected with a spontaneous deletion mutant (6/2) suggested that the open reading frame (orf) was located within a 12,800-base pair segment near the left end of the genome (g. kotwal and b. moss, nature (london) 335, 176-178, 1988). antibody to the 12-kda protein immunopr ... | 1989 | 2763467 |
| relationship between intracellular concentration of s-adenosylhomocysteine and inhibition of vaccinia virus replication and inhibition of murine l-929 cell growth. | 9-(trans-2',trans-3'-dihydroxycyclopent-4'-enyl)-adenine (compound 1) and -3-deazaadenine (compound 2), which are specific inhibitors of s-adenosylhomocysteine (adohcy) hydrolase, were reported earlier by our laboratory (m. hasobe, j. g. mckee, d. r. borcherding, and r. t. borchardt, antimicrob. agents chemother. 31:1849-1851, 1987) to have anti-vaccinia virus activity with reduced murine l-929 cell toxicity compared with the prototype compound neplanocin a. in this study, we showed that the ant ... | 1989 | 2764532 |
| multiple tachykinins are produced and secreted upon post-translational processing of the three substance p precursor proteins, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-preprotachykinin. expression of the preprotachykinins in att-20 cells infected with vaccinia virus recombinants. | the rat preprotachykinin i gene mrna is alternatively spliced to yield three different mrna species differing in their protein coding regions. we have produced recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing alpha-, beta-, and gamma-preprotachykinin to examine the tachykinin-related peptides produced upon post-translational processing of each individual precursor. infection of bsc-40 or att-20 cell lines with a beta-preprotachykinin-encoding vaccinia virus recombinant results in the expression of the pr ... | 1989 | 2768279 |
| inhibition of an inflammatory response is mediated by a 38-kda protein of cowpox virus. | the brighton red (br) strain of cowpox virus induces a flat, bright red pock on the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) of the 12-day-old chick embryo. in contrast, mutants with a deleted 38k gene (which is located 31 to 32 kb from the right-hand end of the virus genome) induced a raised, white, and opaque pock. during the first 24-hr p.i., both cpv-br and the 38k deletion mutants replicated similarly in the cam of the chick embryo, as indicated by immunocytochemical detection of similar amounts of v ... | 1989 | 2773318 |
| vaccinia virus encodes a family of genes with homology to serine proteinase inhibitors. | nucleotide sequencing of a region of the vaccinia virus genome proximal to the right inverted terminal repeat (itr) identified two open reading frames (orfs) encoding proteins of 39k and 40k with amino acid homology to each other, to another vaccinia virus gene near the opposite end of the virus genome and to the superfamily of serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins). serpins have now been found in poxviruses from the genera orthopox (cowpox and vaccinia viruses), leporipox (myxoma virus) and avi ... | 1989 | 2778436 |
| fatty acid acylation of vaccinia virus proteins. | labeling of vaccinia virus-infected cells with [3h]myristic acid resulted in the incorporation of label into two viral proteins with apparent molecular weights of 35,000 and 25,000 (designated m35 and m25, respectively). m35 and m25 were expressed in infected cells after the onset of viral dna replication, and both proteins were present in purified intracellular virus particles. virion localization experiments determined m25 to be a constituent of the virion envelope, while m35 appeared to be pe ... | 1989 | 2778876 |
| nucleotide sequence required for resolution of the concatemer junction of vaccinia virus dna. | the mature form of the vaccinia virus genome consists of a linear, 185,000-base-pair (bp) dna molecule with a 10,000-bp inverted terminal repetition and incompletely base-paired 104-nucleotide hairpin loops connecting the two strands at each end. in concatemeric forms of intracellular vaccinia virus dna, the inverted terminal repetitions of adjacent genomes form an imperfect palindrome. the apex of this palindrome corresponds in sequence to the double-stranded form of the hairpin loop. circular ... | 1989 | 2778879 |
| elucidation of the mechanism by which homocysteine potentiates the anti-vaccinia virus effects of the s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitor 9-(trans-2',trans-3'-dihydroxycyclopent-4'-enyl)-adenine. | 9-(trans-2',trans-3'-dihydroxycyclopent-4'-enyl)-adenine (dhc), a specific inhibitor of s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (adohcy) hydrolase, has been used in this study to elucidate the mechanism by which dl-homocysteine (hcy) potentiates the antiviral effects of adohcy hydrolase inhibitors as reported by de clercq [biochem. pharmacol. 36:2567-2575 (1987)]. the potentiating effects of hcy on the antiviral effects of dhca were determined using murine l929 cells infected with vaccinia virus. when virus-i ... | 1989 | 2779528 |
| protection of cattle from infection with vaccinia virus by bovine interferon alpha c. | the efficacy of bovine interferon alpha c as an antiviral compound was evaluated in calves infected with vaccinia virus. calves treated with the interferon did not develop characteristic vaccinia lesions, demonstrating a clear protective effect of treatment. the only side effect observed was hyperthermia. after intramuscular injection, interferon appeared quickly in the blood and was cleared within 24 hours. the in vivo antiviral activity of bovine interferon alpha c was confirmed by its ability ... | 1989 | 2781688 |
| vaccinia virus encodes two proteins that are structurally related to members of the plasma serine protease inhibitor superfamily. | nucleotide sequencing adjacent to the right inverted terminal repetition of the vaccinia virus genome revealed two genes encoding polypeptides that are structurally related to members of the plasma serine protease inhibitor superfamily (spi). inclusion in the superfamily is based on extensive amino acid sequence similarities as well as a consensus sequence adjacent to the active-site region near the carboxyl ends of the proteins. the genes designated spi-1 and spi-2 are located 10,000 and 17,000 ... | 1989 | 2783466 |
| highly attenuated vaccinia virus mutants for the generation of safe recombinant viruses. | an attenuated vaccinia virus mutant with specific genetic lesions has been used to develop a vehicle for safer live recombinant virus vaccines. the mutant virus 48-7 has an 8-mda deletion starting 2.2 mda from the left end of the viral genome and point mutations in the gene encoding the 14-kda fusion protein that determines the plaque-size phenotype of the virus. using the highly sensitive reporter gene luciferase, we have shown that this mutant can generate recombinant viruses that infect cultu ... | 1989 | 2784004 |
| selective infection of human cd4+ cells by simian immunodeficiency virus: productive infection associated with envelope glycoprotein-induced fusion. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) and human immunodeficiency virus share the property of tropism for cd4-bearing cells. infection is initiated by a high-affinity interaction between cd4 and conserved domains on the viral envelope glycoprotein. in this report, we demonstrated that siv had a restricted host range among human cd4+ cells when compared with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 or type 2. this restricted tropism was associated with the inability of the siv envelope glycoprotein to in ... | 1989 | 2784571 |
| identification of protein intermediates in the processing of the p55 hiv-1 gag precursor in cells infected with recombinant vaccinia virus. | we have used a recombinant vaccinia virus (vv) which expresses high levels of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) gag proteins to analyze the processing pathway of the gag p55 precursor. hiv-1 gag proteins were isolated from [3h]leucine-labeled vv:gag-infected h9 t lymphocytes by immunoprecipitation with either anti-p24, anti-p17, or anti-p6 antibodies. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that processing of the p55 precursor involves three major interme ... | 1989 | 2785991 |
| recombinant vaccinia viruses and the development of immunization strategies using influenza virus. | 1989 | 2786041 | |
| activated b cells can deliver help for the in vitro generation of antiviral cytotoxic t cells. | the experiments described in this paper show that activated b cells can deliver help for antiviral cytotoxic t (tc) cell responses in vitro. this conclusion is based on four observations. (i) influenza viruses induced secondary tc cell responses in vitro in the absence of cd4+ t cells. this capacity correlated with the b-cell mitogenicity of these viruses. (ii) depletion of both cd4+ t cells and b cells prevented the generation of anti-influenza tc cell responses, whereas depletion of either cd4 ... | 1989 | 2786634 |
| rabies virus-specific t cell hybridomas: identification of class ii mhc-restricted t-cell epitopes using synthetic peptides. | rabies virus-specific t-cell hybridomas were produced from immune mice by somatic cell fusion. cloned t-cell hybridomas were studied for antigen specificity using purified virus, a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing rabies glycoprotein and synthetic peptides containing amino acid sequences of rabies viral antigens. two closely situated t-cell epitopes of rabies glycoprotein, and one of rabies nucleoprotein were identified using synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acid sequences of these ... | 1989 | 2787273 |
| a single amino acid interchange yields reciprocal ctl specificities for hiv-1 gp160. | for the iiib isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1), the immunodominant determinant of the envelope protein gp160 for cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) of h-2d mice is in a region of high sequence variability among hiv-1 isolates. the general requirements for ctl recognition of peptide antigens and the relation of recognition requirements to the natural variation in sequence of the hiv were investigated. for this purpose, a ctl line specific for the homologous segment of the envelop ... | 1989 | 2789433 |
| mutagen activation by cdna-expressed p(1)450, p(3)450, and p450a. | cdnas for rodent p(1)450, p(3)450, and p450a were expressed in the modified vaccinia virus-t7 rna polymerase system. each p450 exhibited its appropriate molecular weight and characteristic enzyme activity. aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was catalyzed by p(1)450, acetanilide hydroxylase by p(3)450, and testosterone 7 alpha-hydroxylase by p450a. ethoxycoumarin deethylase was exhibited by both p(1)450 and p(3)450. each expressed p450 was also analyzed for its ability to activate 19 carcinoge ... | 1989 | 2789689 |
| [isolation of a recombinant strain of vaccinia virus containing the pre s2 region of the viral hepatis b surface antigen in its virion]. | 1989 | 2791867 | |
| glucocorticoid receptor binds cooperatively to adjacent recognition sites. | in order to define the mechanism of synergistic induction mediated by multiple glucocorticoid response elements (gre), the affinity of the glucocorticoid receptor to a single or duplicated gre was analyzed by gel retardation, nitrocellulose filter binding and by footprinting experiments. direct measurement of the relative affinity and indirect determination by competition showed greater than 10-fold higher affinity of the glucocorticoid receptor to a duplicated gre when compared to a single elem ... | 1989 | 2792086 |
| recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein c protects mice against herpes simplex virus challenge. | the gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein c (gc) was isolated and cloned into a vaccinia virus insertion vector, and the resulting vaccinia-gc vector was used to construct a recombinant vaccinia virus that expressed gc (vvgc5). infection of cells with vvgc5 resulted in cell surface expression of authentic hsv-1 gc. hsv-1 gc-specific neutralizing antibodies were produced in vvgc5-immunized mice, and lymphocytes exhibited an hsv-1-specific proliferation response in vit ... | 1989 | 2794972 |
| a single point mutation of ala-25 to asp in the 14,000-mr envelope protein of vaccinia virus induces a size change that leads to the small plaque size phenotype of the virus. | the molecular defect responsible for a structural and functional abnormality of the 14,000-molecular-weight (14k) envelope protein of vaccinia virus has been identified. through dna sequence analysis of the entire 14k gene from wild-type vaccinia virus and three vaccinia virus mutants, a single base change of c to a was found that resulted in the substitution of asp for ala-25. this mutation is responsible for protein size abnormality, as documented by cell-free translation in a rabbit reticuloc ... | 1989 | 2795709 |
| transcription of a poxvirus early gene is regulated both by a short promoter element and by a transcriptional termination signal controlling transcriptional interference. | the promoter region of an early gene (38k gene) of cowpox virus has been characterized by deletion and linker scanning mutational analyses. modified versions of this promoter region were placed into the genome of vaccinia virus, and their transcriptional efficiencies were assessed by quantifying rnas transcribed from these sequences. these analyses showed that the sequences in the region between 33 and 4 base pairs upstream of the transcriptional start site affect the efficiency of transcription ... | 1989 | 2795715 |
| a comparison of the genome organization of capripoxvirus with that of the orthopoxviruses. | comprehensive comparisons of genome organizations for poxviruses of different genera have not previously been reported. here we have made such a comparison by cross-hybridizing genome fragments from capripoxvirus ks-1 and vaccinia virus wr (vv). this showed that a 100- to 115-kilobase (kb) centrally placed section is essentially colinear in organization in the two viruses and that a small region has translocated between the ends of one or other of the genomes during their divergence. no cross-hy ... | 1989 | 2795717 |
| antiviral effect of lymphokine-activated killer cells: chemotaxis and homing to sites of virus infection. | lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells generated from c57bl/6 mouse spleen cells cultured with interleukin-2 are effective prophylactically against virus infection when inoculated at the site of virus injection. to predict the therapeutic efficacy of lak cells, we determined whether lak cells would home to sites of virus infection. in vitro, lak cells responded chemotactically to cell-free peritoneal exudate fluids collected from virus-infected mice and to preparations of purified beta interfer ... | 1989 | 2795722 |
| human cdna-expressed cytochrome p450 ia2: mutagen activation and substrate specificity. | the vaccinia virus cdna expression system was used to produce human cytochrome p450 ia2 in a hepatoma cell line that is devoid of significant basal levels of p450. the expressed enzyme yielded a reduced carbon monoxide-bound difference spectrum with a lambda max of 449 nm. catalytic activities and mutagen activation ability of the human enzyme were assessed and directly compared with results obtained with the orthologous mouse ia2, which was also expressed using vaccinia virus. both the human an ... | 1989 | 2803520 |
| immunomodulatory effects of neurotropin through the recovery of interleukin-2 production in autoimmune-prone (nzb/nzw) f1 mice. | the immunomodulatory effects of neurotropin, a substance extracted from inflammatory skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus, were assessed in autoimmune-prone (nzb/nzw) f1 (b/w f1) mice. the concanavalin a (con a)-induced proliferative response of spleen cells was markedly decreased in aged b/w f1 mice as compared with young b/w f1 mice. neurotropin, when administered i.p. to aged b/w f1 mice, significantly increased the con a-induced proliferative response. in aged b/w f1 mice, interleu ... | 1989 | 2807638 |
| transforming growth factor-beta inhibits the generation of cytotoxic t cells in virus-infected mice. | the immunoregulatory effects of human recombinant transforming growth factor (rtgf) beta 1 and human recombinant glioblastoma-derived t cell suppressor factor (rg-tsf)/tgf beta 2 was investigated in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) or vaccinia virus. starting on the day of infection, i.p. injections of 1 microgram/day or rtgf-beta 1 or rg-tsf/tgf-beta 2 suppressed the generation of virus specific ctl. the effect of tgf-beta on ctl (day 8) was less pronounced when tgf- ... | 1989 | 2809199 |
| establishment of an elisa for the detection of orthopox viruses based on neutralizing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. | various combinations of polyclonal and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) of distinct specificity were evaluated as capture or detecting antibodies in an orthopox virus antigen elisa. acceptable results were achieved in an assay based on polyclonal antibodies. a 10 times higher sensitivity, however, was obtained using a combination of one monoclonal catching antibody reactive with viral envelope epitopes and polyclonal detection antibodies. this configuration proved to be superior in sens ... | 1989 | 2816178 |
| development of heat-stable recombinant rinderpest vaccine. | recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) containing the full-length cdna of rinderpest virus (rv)-haemagglutinin (h) gene was constructed. the h gene was inserted into the attenuated vaccine strain of vaccinia virus (vv), le 16 m0, with two different promoters, namely cowpox virus a-type inclusion body (ati) promoter or vv 7.5 kilodalton (p7.5) promoter. these rvvs produced the same sized fully glycosylated rv-h protein in rk 13 cells as that of the authentic rv-h. their heat stability in the lyophylize ... | 1989 | 2818208 |
| langerhans cells in vaccinia virus infection in mouse skin. | langerhans cells function as potent antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis. they were shown to play an essential role in the mechanisms of defense of the skin against viral infections. in the present study, the response of langerhans cells to infection of the skin with vaccinia virus was investigated. decrease in langerhans cell density in the skin was accompanied by an increase in the pathogenicity of the wr and noguchi but not of the lister strain of vaccinia virus. langerhans cell density ... | 1989 | 2818209 |
| identification by a random sequencing strategy of the fowlpoxvirus dna polymerase gene, its nucleotide sequence and comparison with other viral dna polymerases. | the nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of the avipoxvirus fowlpox is presented and the predicted amino acid sequence compared with that of the orthopoxvirus vaccinia. the results have brought to light an error in the vaccinia sequence which has resulted in the ommission of 44 amino acids from the carboxy-terminus of the vaccinia dna polymerase. there has been extensive conservation of amino acids throughout the enzymes, and regions identified as being present in dna polymerases from ... | 1987 | 2819823 |
| genetic map of the vaccinia virus hindiii d fragment. | seventeen ts mutants of vaccinia virus known to map to the viral hindiii d fragment (r. c. condit and a. motyczka, 1981, virology 113, 224-241; r. c. condit, a. motyczka, and g. spizz, 1983, virology 128, 429-443; m. j. ensinger and m. rovinsky, 1983, j. virol. 48, 419-428) have been sorted into seven complementation groups. the precise location of each mutant on the hindiii d dna fragment has been identified by either one-step or two-step marker rescue. by a comparison of this genetic map and t ... | 1987 | 2820124 |
| tumorigenic poxviruses: genomic organization and dna sequence of the telomeric region of the shope fibroma virus genome. | shope fibroma virus (sfv), a tumorigenic poxvirus, has a 160-kb linear double-stranded dna genome and possesses terminal inverted repeats (tirs) of 12.4 kb. the dna sequence of the terminal 5.5 kb of the viral genome is presented and together with previously published sequences completes the entire sequence of the sfv tir. the terminal 400-bp region contains no major open reading frames (orfs) but does possess five related imperfect palindromes. the remaining 5.1 kb of the sequence contains seve ... | 1987 | 2820128 |
| similar genetic organization between a region of fowlpox virus dna and the vaccinia virus hindiii j fragment despite divergent location of the thymidine kinase gene. | dna from fowlpox virus, a member of the avipoxvirus genus, has been found to hybridize to dna from vaccinia virus, a member of the orthopoxvirus genus. the greatest homology detected was around the region containing the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase locus. a 3.1-kbp fowlpox virus fragment that hybridizes to the vaccinia virus hindiii j fragment has been cloned and its sequence determined. comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence to the cross hybridizing vaccinia fragment re ... | 1987 | 2820129 |
| expression of the infectious bronchitis virus spike protein by recombinant vaccinia virus and induction of neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated mice. | a cdna clone of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike protein gene has been recombined into vaccinia virus. cells infected with the recombinant virus synthesized ibv spike antigen which was recognized by antibody raised against purified spike protein. immunofluorescence showed that the ibv spike antigen was transported to the infected cell surface membrane and immunoprecipitation showed the presence of the glycosylated 180k mol. wt. polypeptide precursor of the two spike subunits s1 and s2 ... | 1987 | 2821170 |
| effect of in vitro mutations in a vaccinia virus early promoter region monitored by herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase expression in recombinant vaccinia virus. | the location of a promoter (pf) in the hindiii f region of the vaccinia virus genome was mapped by introducing deletions into this region of the dna. modified promoters were fused to the herpes simplex virus (hsv) thymidine kinase (tk) gene in plasmids facilitating the construction of recombinant vaccinia viruses, and promoter function was monitored by the ability of such plasmids to rescue tk+ vaccinia viruses from cells infected with tk- virus. deletions from the 3' end of the promoter region ... | 1987 | 2821171 |
| puv i: a new vaccinia virus insertion and expression vector. | 1987 | 2821498 | |
| fowlpox virus polypeptides: sequential appearance and virion associated polypeptides. | the polypeptides associated with fowlpox virus (fpv) infection of chicken embryo skin (ces) cells were examined by metabolic labelling with [35s]-methionine and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). polypeptide synthesis was followed over the first 48 hours post infection, as this was shown to be the period of viable virus production in ces cells. in contrast to infection with vaccinia virus (vv), which leads to a rapid total inhibition of host polypeptide synthes ... | 1987 | 2821960 |
| expression and characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein g (gg) by recombinant vaccinia virus: neutralization of hsv-1 infectivity with anti-gg antibody. | a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein g (gg) has been constructed. cells infected with this recombinant virus (gg-vac) synthesized glycosylated proteins of 48k, 57k and 61k mol. wt. that were recognized by anti-hsv-1 sera. rabbits and mice vaccinated with the live recombinant virus produced antibodies that recognized 48k, 57k and 61k mol. wt. proteins in hsv-1-infected cells. the gg polypeptides were present on cytoplasmic and nuclear membranes ... | 1987 | 2822841 |
| expression of the f and hn glycoproteins of human parainfluenza virus type 3 by recombinant vaccinia viruses: contributions of the individual proteins to host immunity. | cdna clones containing the complete coding sequences for the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein genes were inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus (wr strain) under the control of the p7.5 early-late vaccinia virus promotor. the recombinant vaccinia viruses, designated vaccinia-f and vaccinia-hn, expressed glycoproteins in cell culture that appeared to be authentic with respect to glycosylation, disulfide linkage ... | 1987 | 2822951 |
| mapping and nucleotide sequence of the vaccinia virus gene that encodes a 14-kilodalton fusion protein. | a library of rabbit poxvirus dna fragments contained in the expression cloning vector lambda gt11 was screened with monoclonal antibodies that react specifically against a 14-kilodalton envelope protein of vaccinia virus and rabbit poxvirus. the 14-kilodalton protein appears to play an important role in virus penetration at the level of cell fusion; it also elicits neutralizing antibodies, and it forms covalently linked trimers on the surface of virions and in infected cells (rodriguez et al., j ... | 1987 | 2822962 |
| different h-2 subregions influence immunization against retrovirus and immunosuppression. | friend murine leukaemia virus complex (fv) causes an immunosuppressive retrovirus-induced disease. in certain mouse strains, fv shows striking similarities to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in man in that infected mice have severe t-cell immunosuppression but also develop virus-neutralizing antibodies incapable of eliminating infected cells. previously we noted the influence of mouse major histocompatibility complex (h-2) genes on both fv-induced immunosuppression and on ability to ... | 1987 | 2823142 |
| identification of a vaccinia virus gene encoding a type i dna topoisomerase. | vaccinia virus encapsidates a type i dna topoisomerase (ec 5.99.1.2). the enzyme was purified from virus cores to apparent homogeneity, yielding a protein of mr 32,000. the amino-terminal sequence of the isolated mr 32,000 polypeptide was determined and used to map the putative structural gene for the vaccinia topoisomerase to the h7r open reading frame of the vaccinia genome. this gene encodes a 314-amino acid polypeptide containing a region homologous to a region of the type i topoisomerase fr ... | 1987 | 2823264 |
| tandemly repeated sequences are present at the ends of the dna of raccoonpox virus. | the dna of raccoonpox virus (rcn) has been characterized by restriction enzyme analysis. dna hybridization studies showed that all hindiii fragments of the 215-kbp rcn dna share some nucleotide sequence similarity with fragments of the dna of cowpox virus (cpv). this information was used to construct a hindiii restriction map of the rcn dna. the nucleotide sequence of the 2.2-kbp sal 1 end fragment of the rcn dna has been determined from a cloned copy of the hindiii o fragment. of this 2.2-kb re ... | 1987 | 2823468 |
| [effective method of introducing plasmid dna into eukaryotic cells by using liposomes for producing vaccinia virus recombinants]. | the method of transfection of eukaryotic cells by plasmid dna and production of recombinant vaccinia virus is described. the method is based on dna encapsulation into reverse evaporation vesicles containing gangliosides, with a subsequent incubation of liposomes with vaccinia-infected cells in the presence of uv-inactivated sendai virus. the recombinant dna of vaccinia virus containing part of env gene of htlv-3/lav virus was obtained. | 1987 | 2823928 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of reovirus l2 gene and deduced amino acid sequence of viral mrna guanylyltransferase. | reovirus mrnas synthesized by the virion-associated rna polymerase contain a 5'-terminal cap that is added to nascent transcripts by polypeptide lambda 2, a structural component of virions encoded by double-stranded rna genome segment l2. the complete, 3916-nucleotide sequence of a full-length reovirus type 3 l2 dna clone was determined by the dideoxy chain terminator method. the sequence has a single long open reading frame extending from the second a-t-g at nucleotide 14 to a termination codon ... | 1987 | 2824487 |
| evaluation of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gp50 as a vaccine for aujeszky's disease in mice and swine: expression by vaccinia virus and chinese hamster ovary cells. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is an alphaherpesvirus which causes an economically important disease of swine. one of the prv glycoproteins, gp50, was previously identified as the sequence homolog of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gd (e.a. petrovskis, j.g. timmins, m.a. armentrout, c.c. marchioli, r.j. yancey, jr., and l.e. post, j. virol. 59:216-223, 1986). gp50 was evaluated as a prv subunit vaccine candidate. gp50 protected mice from prv-induced mortality either when delivered via infection with ... | 1987 | 2824827 |
| selective inhibition of protein synthesis by synthetic and vaccinia virus-core synthesized poly(riboadenylic acids). | studies were undertaken to compare the effect of poly(a)s from various sources on selective inhibition of protein synthesis in the reticulocyte lysate system programmed with viral and cellular mrnas. rna synthesized in vitro by vaccinia virus cores in the presence of only atp inhibited overall hela cell polypeptide synthesis by over 80% with a minimal effect on translation of vaccinia virus mrnas. hybridization of the [alpha-32p]amp-labeled rna made in vitro by vaccinia virus cores in the presen ... | 1987 | 2825410 |
| recognition of noninfectious influenza virus by class i-restricted murine cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | we have recently shown that murine target cells can be sensitized for lysis by class i-restricted influenza virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) using noninfectious influenza virus. sensitization is dependent on inactivation of viral neuraminidase activity (which can be achieved by heating virus); and requires fusion of viral and cellular membranes. in the present study, we have examined recognition of antigens derived from heat-treated virus by cloned ctl lines induced by immunization w ... | 1988 | 2826596 |
| cloning and characterization of the gene encoding the major protein of the a-type inclusion body of cowpox virus. | we have mapped and determined the nucleotide sequence of the cowpox virus (cpv) gene coding for the protein of a-type inclusion bodies (ati). the ati gene was mapped to the central part of the largest hindiii restriction fragment of the cpv genome. vaccinia virus (vv) also contained a similar sequence at the equivalent position in its genome, which even under stringent conditions hybridized with the cpv ati gene. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the upstream region of the coding frame ... | 1988 | 2826668 |
| high levels of genetic recombination among cotransfected plasmid dnas in poxvirus-infected mammalian cells. | the frequency of recombination between transfected plasmid dnas was measured by using cultured cells infected with a variety of poxviruses. plasmid derivatives of pbr322 containing xhoi linker insertion mutations in the tetracycline gene were used to assess recombination frequencies in rabbit cells infected with the leporipoxviruses shope fibroma virus and myxoma virus and the orthopoxvirus vaccinia virus. recombination frequencies were calculated by southern blotting, which detects novel plasmi ... | 1988 | 2826801 |
| vaccinia virus-encoded ribonucleotide reductase: sequence conservation of the gene for the small subunit and its amplification in hydroxyurea-resistant mutants. | the vaccinia virus gene that encodes the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase was localized to the hindiii f fragment by using degenerate oligonucleotide probes. dna sequencing revealed a leftward-reading open reading frame that predicted a protein of 37 kilodaltons whose amino acid sequence was much more homologous to the mouse and clam m2 sequences (approximately 80%) than to the corresponding herpesvirus (approximately 27%) or procaryotic (approximately 19%) gene products. vaccinia virus ... | 1988 | 2826813 |
| effect of vaccination on the clinical response, pathogenesis and transmission of mousepox. | the effects of vaccination with the ihd-t strain of vaccinia virus on the course and severity of ectromelia virus infection was investigated in balb/c mice. protection from lethal mousepox occurred when mice were vaccinated and challenged on the same day and protection persisted for at least 9 months. vaccinated mice were not protected from infection or from lesions, but necrotic lesions in vaccinated mice were usually mild and were accompanied by inflammation, whereas necrosis in unvaccinated m ... | 1987 | 2826878 |
| betalactam antibiotics interfere with eukaryotic dna-replication by inhibiting dna polymerase alpha. | betalactam antibiotics (bla) are the most widely used antibacterial drugs in practical medicine. recent experiments suggested that bla, especially after "aging" in aqueous solutions, have an inhibitory effect on the growth of a variety of cultured human cells by interfering with dna synthesis (neftel et al. cell biol. toxicol. 2, 513-521, 1986). our initial observation that the replicative dna polymerase alpha might be the target of the action of betalactam compounds (hübscher et al. cell biol t ... | 1987 | 2827125 |
| in vitro synthesis of vaccinia virus late mrna containing a 5' poly(a) leader sequence. | we have shown that an extract made from hela cells harvested 6 hr after infection with vaccinia virus can transcribe a duplex dna template containing a late viral gene. s1 nuclease analyses using genomic and synthetic probes indicated that the 5' ends of rna synthesized in vitro are similar to those of rna made in vivo and contain 5' poly(a) sequences contiguous with the translation initiation codon. kinetic analysis of rna synthesized in vitro demonstrated that a correctly initiated and 5' poly ... | 1987 | 2827158 |
| [changes in the morphogenesis of viruses in a mixed infection with trichophyton rubrum]. | 1987 | 2827399 | |
| antiviral activity and inhibition of topoisomerase by ofloxacin, a new quinolone derivative. | the antiviral activity of ofloxacin, a new quinolone derivative, against vaccinia virus (vv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and influenza virus (infv) was evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. as a result, ofloxacin showed inhibitory activity against vv in cultured mammalian cells, and prevented formation of pox tail lesions in vv-infected mice. however, it was less effective against hsv and infv than vv. the antiviral activity of ofloxacin assessed by vv tail-lesion test was stronges ... | 1987 | 2827566 |
| effect of the recombinant vaccinia viruses that express htlv-i envelope gene on htlv-i infection. | the human t-lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) is etiologically linked to adult t-cell leukemia (atl). to develop a vaccine against atl, we constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses containing the envelope gene of htlv-i in the vaccinia virus hemagglutinin (ha) gene, a new site where foreign genes can be inserted. a single inoculation of the recombinant virus induced antibodies to the env proteins of htlv-i in rabbits and had a protective effect against htlv-i infection. | 1987 | 2828027 |
| messenger rnas of a strongly-expressed late gene of cowpox virus contain 5'-terminal poly(a) sequences. | we have identified and characterized one of the most strongly-expressed genes of cowpox virus (cpv). this is the gene encoding the major protein component of the a-type inclusion bodies produced by this virus. this gene (designated the 160k gene) is transcribed late during the infection. analyses of its mrnas showed that these late rnas, unlike all other characterized late mrnas of poxviruses, are uniform in length. however, the most remarkable feature of the mrnas of the 160k gene is the struct ... | 1987 | 2828037 |