| differentiation of the roles of histamine h1- and h2-receptors in the mediation of the effects of histamine in the isolated working heart of the guinea-pig. | 1 differentiation of the roles of histamine h1- and h2-receptors in the mediation of the effects of histamine on the isolated working heart of the guinea-pig was achieved through the use of histamine and selective histamine receptor agonists and antagonists. 2 histamine over the dose range 10(-9) mol to 10(-6) mol produced dose-related increases in sinus rate, left intraventricular pressure (lvp)max, lvdp/dtmax, coronary flow, aortic flow, total cardiac output and external pressure-volume work. ... | 1979 | 32943 |
| lack of release of prostaglandins from isolated perfused lungs during pulmonary hypertension and oedema. | 1 the effects on pulmonary prostaglandin synthesis of pulmonary hypertension and oedema have been studied. 2 seventeen isolated lungs of rabbit, cat and guinea-pig were perfused with plasma, whole blood or krebs ringer solution in a recirculating system. 3 the venous effluent from the lungs superfused (10 ml/min) a series of smooth muscle tissues sensitive to prostaglandins and thromboxane a2; these were: rat stomach strip, rat colon, chick rectum and rabbit aorta. 4 left atrial pressure was inc ... | 1979 | 32945 |
| calcium-dependent discharge of secretory proteins in guinea pig pancreatic lobules. | | 1978 | 30382 |
| characterization of cholesterol ester hydrolase activities in rabbit and guinea pig aortas. | cholesterol ester hydrolase activity was determined in preparations of rabbit and guinea pig aorta utilizing micellar and glycerol-dispersed cholesterol oleate substrates. both substrate preparations demonstrated an acid ph optimum of 4--5 for the soluble and particulate rabbit media cholesterol ester hydrolase, suggesting a lysosomal origin for this activity. approximately one-fifth of the total recovered activity was particulate. particulate media preparations from guinea pig aorta also demons ... | 1978 | 30461 |
| possible differences in alpha-adrenoceptors in rat, guinea-pig and rabbit spleen. | | 1979 | 33240 |
| substance p causes direct depolarisation of neurones of guinea pig interpeduncular nucleus in vitro. | | 1979 | 33338 |
| kinetic studies in isolated organs: tools to design analgesic peptides and to analyze their receptor effects. | the opioid activities of peptide and non-peptide narcotics were studied in longitudinal muscle strip of guinea pig ileum (gpi) and in mouse vas deferens (mvd). the comparison of agonist activities of peptides found in gpi and mvd offered the opportunity to predict the presence but not the magnitude of potential analgesic activity. the kinetics of the antagonism between naltrexone and different types of agonists were also determined in these systems. using c-6 epimers of naltrexone, it was found ... | 1979 | 33396 |
| [the reaction of lung mast cells to acute barbiturate and bromureide poisoning (author's transl)]. | guinea pigs were poisoned by large oral doses of hypnotics in order to study the effect of bromureides on the mast cell contents of the lungs in comparison to the influence of barbiturate intoxication. the dose of the hypnotics chosen was thus, that all animals died within the first three hours after the beginning of feeding. then the degranulation of mast cells with decrease of the mast cell number in the lung tissue was merely small in the barbiturate poisoned animals, but very extensive in th ... | 1978 | 33510 |
| the influence of aging on the myosin type of the rabbit soleus and longissimus dorsi muscles. | the influence of aging on the myosin type, and on the fibre composition of both the slowly contracting ("red") m. soleus and the fast ("white") m. longissimus dorsi was examined in the rabbit. for myosin characterization isolated myofibrils were electrophoresed on sds-polyacrylamide gels, and the fibre pattern within the respective muscles was analyzed with an immunocytochemical method. antisera against either fast or slow rabbit myosin were collected from guinea pigs after longterm immunization ... | 1978 | 33562 |
| the effect of pge1 on peristalsis and on perivascular nerve inhibition of peristaltic activity in guinea-pig isolated ileum. | the effect of pge1 on peristalsis of guinea-pig isolated ileum was examined using a modified trendelenburg method to evoke and record peristaltic activity. pge1 (14 nm, 0.11 microm and 0.56 microm) increased peristaltic activity of both longitudinal and circular muscle, mainly by increasing the amplitude of contraction. preparations of ileum subjected to a 'minimal' peristaltic stimulus were more sensitive to the effects of pge1 than were preparations subjected to a 'just-maximal' peristaltic st ... | 1978 | 32240 |
| occurrence of h1- and h2-histamine receptors in the guinea-pig gall bladder in situ. | 1 histamine has a dual action on the in situ gall bladder of the guinea-pig: a spasmogenic and a relaxant effect mediated through h1- and h2-receptor stimulation respectively. 2 the contracturant action, mimicked by 2-(2-aminoethyl) thiazole (a specific h1-receptor agonist), is blocked by mepyramine and the relaxation, mimicked by dimaprit (a specific h2-receptor agonist), is inhibited by cimetidine. | 1978 | 30504 |
| effects of the antiemetic drug domperidone on guinea-pig isolated gastrointestinal tissue [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 32289 |
| [alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions of labetalol and effects on the myocardial function, coronary circulation and myocardial energy metabolism thereof (author's transl)]. | in the isolated atria, trachea and aorta of the guinea pig and in the heart-lung preparation (hlp) of the dog, labetalol was 3.6 approximately 5.9 times less potent than phentolamine in blocking alpha-adrenoceptors, 1.4 approximately 3.6 times less potent as beta 1-blocker and 6 times less potent as beta 2-blocker than propranolol. beta 1 and beta 2-blocking actions were 12 approximately 28 and 7 times more potent than alpha-blocking action, respectively. as regards beta 1-blockade, attenuation ... | 1978 | 33880 |
| further characterization of mycobacterium ulcerans toxin. | mycobacterium ulcerans produces an exotoxin in culture which, when inoculated into guinea pig skin, causes inflammation, necrosis, edema, and other histopathological changes resembling those in infections of humans. the toxin was resistant to heat and to alkalies and was moderately acid labile. toxic activity was destroyed by pronase, phospholipase, lipase, amylase, and glucosidase but not by trypsin, collagenase, cellulase, lysozyme, hyaluronidase, or neuraminidase. toxic activity was resistant ... | 1978 | 30694 |
| uptake of amphetamine by guinea-pig lung in vitro [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 32312 |
| the effect of muscarine on cholinoceptive neurones subserving the peristaltic reflex of guinea-pig isolated ileum. | | 1978 | 34117 |
| absence of tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine beta-hydroxylase immunoreactivity in intrinsic nerves of the guinea-pig ileum. | | 1979 | 34125 |
| the influence of neuroleptics on amphetamine metabolism in the rat and guinea-pig. | | 1978 | 31438 |
| effects of 5-hydroxykynurenamine, a metabolite of 5-hydroxytryptamine, on guinea-pig isolated trachea. | | 1979 | 32367 |
| adrenergic and 'non-adrenergic' components in the contractile response of the vas deferens to a single indirect stimulus. | 1. the mechanical response of the longitudinal smooth muscle of the rat vas deferens to stimulation of its motor nerves by a single pulse has been examined. the motor nerves were stimulated in vivo via the spinal outflows in the pithed rat or in vitro by field stimulation. 2. the contraction in the whole vas consisted of two components, an initial, rapid, brief contraction reaching a maximum at 300 msec and a second, slower and more prolonged contraction reaching its maximum at 600 msec. when th ... | 1978 | 31466 |
| physico-chemical properties of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv-2) grown on dbt cell culture. | some properties of a strain of mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-2, grown on dbt cells were determined using a plaque assay on the cells. viral growth was not inhibited by the presence of actinomycin d or 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine. mhv-2 was completely inactivated by ether, chloroform, sodium deoxycholate or beta-propiolactone, but showed a moderate resistance to trypsin. heating at 56 c for 30 min did not completely abolish the virus infectivity. the virus was stable after heating at 50 c for 15 min in 1m ... | 1978 | 30881 |
| effects of 2-mercaptoethanol and aging in vitro on 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase of guinea pig liver microsomes. | when microsomes were prepared in 2-mercaptoethanol vmax for 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (17beta-hsd) was greater, the km for nad+ was greater and the km for testosterone lower than in its absence. during storage at 4 degrees vmax increased in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol and decreased in its absence; km values for testosterone and nad+ increased during storage in both cases. the presence or absence of 2-mercaptoethanol did not affect the extent or time-course of inactivation of 17b ... | 1978 | 31019 |
| synthesis and beta-adrenoceptor activity of the erythro and threo isomers of substituted alpha-hydroxytrimetoquinol. | the synthesis and pharmacological activity of erythro and threo isomers of 1-(3',4',5'-trimethoxy-alpha-hydroxy-benzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, 2 and 3, are reported. the structural assignments of 2 and 3 are based upon nmr spectra of the 6,7-dibenzyl precursors, 6 and 10, and of the synthetic derivatives of 13alpha- and 13beta-hydroxy-2,3-(dibenzyloxy)-9,10,11-trimethoxytetrahydroprotoberberine, 8 and 12, respectively. the erythro isomer 2 was a more potent beta-adrenocept ... | 1978 | 31479 |
| [the influence of hypnotics on the development of morphological and biochemical wound reaction (author's transl)]. | the influence of hypnotics (barbital and carbromal) on the development of the early wound reactions in mechanically injured skin of guinea pigs was investigated: 1) the cellular reactions in incised wounds were retarded after moderate intoxication by hypnotics (300 mg/kg barbital; 3 g/kg carbromal). the histomorphological changes in wounds were inhibited by carbromal twice as much as by barbital. the hitherto published investigations had not shown any retardation of the early cellular inflammati ... | 1979 | 34946 |
| effects of beta-adrenoceptor agonists on airway smooth muscle and on slow-contracting skeletal muscle: in vitro and in vivo results compared. | ten beta-adrenoceptor agonists were examined with respect to a) relaxation of pilocarpine-contracted trachea and depression of contractions of the soleus muscle of the guinea-pig in vitro and b) counteraction of histamine-induced bronchospasm and depression of contractions of the soleus muscle of the cat in vivo. there was a close correlation between the results obtained in vitro and results obtained on the corresponding tissues in vivo in spite of the different species used. a close correlation ... | 1979 | 34976 |
| blockade by n-methylhydroxylamine of activation of guanylate cyclase and elevations of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels in nervous tissues. | hydroxylamine and n-methylhydroxylamine prevented the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase by the endogenous activator as well as by nitroso compounds such as n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine or nitroprusside, while other derivaties of hydroxylamine were ineffective. hydroxylamine and n-methylhydroxylamine did not alter the basal guanylate cyclase activity of purified enzyme preparations. kinetics analysis indicated that n-methylhydroxylamine competes with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguani ... | 1978 | 31192 |
| evidence for the existence of another type of histamine h2-receptor in guinea-pig ileum. | | 1979 | 32369 |
| irreversible beta-adrenoceptor blockade of atrial rate and tension responses. | the competitive reversible beta-adrenoceptor antagonist activity of ro 03-5255 [1-(5-acetylaminobenzfuran-2-yl)-2-isopropylaminoethanol] upon isoprenaline-induced increases of the rate and tension of guinea-pig isolated atria is described. the chlorinated derivative [ro 03-7894; 1-[5-chloracetylaminobenzfuran-2-yl)-2-isopropyl-aminoethanol] in contrast exhibited concentration-dependent non-competitive irreversible blocking activity as measured by depression of the maximum responses which were no ... | 1978 | 32050 |
| the effect of beta-adrenoceptor and ca2+ antagonist drugs on the hypoxia-induced increased in resting tension. | using isolated, langendorff-perfused, electrically-paced guinea-pig hearts, we have investigated the rise in resting tension that occurs when mammalian heart muscle becomes hypoxic. substrate-depletion, tachycardia, hyperthyroidism, and inotropic interventions (ouabain, isoprenaline, and beta-receptor antagonists at concentrations which increase inotropic state) enhanced the rate of development of this increase in resting tension. 3.86 mumol.litre-1 propranolol, 0.22 to 2.20 mumol.litre-1 verapa ... | 1978 | 35282 |
| stimulation of arachidonic acid metabolism by human slow-reacting substances. | human slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (srs-a) and calcium ionophore-induced human srs released prostaglandin-like substances and rabbit aorta contracting substance (rcs) from guinea-pig lungs. this effect was abolished by incubation of srs-a and srs with arylsulphatase or pretreatment of the lungs with indomethacin. human srs-a and srs therefore resembled guinea-pig srs-a in stimulating arachidonic acid metabolism. these results provide further evidence for a similar (or identical) nature ... | 1978 | 31288 |
| cow red blood cells. ii. stimulation of bovine red cell glycolysis by plasma. | cow red cell glycolysis, which can be stimulated by a variety of purines and pyrimidines, was also found to be elevated by its own plasma. dialyzed or charcoal-treated plasma could no longer stimulate glycolysis, suggesting that the stimulating factors may be purines or pyrimidines. determination of purines or pyrimidines in plasma revealed the presence of xanthine (0.31 mum), hypoxanthine (0.60 mum), and adenosine (0.05 mum), as well as unknown compounds. a physiologic level of hypoxanthine, wi ... | 1979 | 35980 |
| blockade by wb 4101 of alpha-adrenoceptors in the rat vas deferens and guinea-pig taenia caeci. | the effectiveness of wb 4101, a recently described alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, in blocking an excitatory and two inhibitory responses to alpha-receptor activation was studied. one of the inhibitory responses was the reduction by the selective alpha-agonist amidephrine of carbachol contractures of isolated guinea-pig taenia caeci. wb 4101 antagonised this inhibition with a schild plot slope of 0.99 and a pa2 of 8.9. the same pa2 value was obtained for blockade of the contractile effect of amid ... | 1978 | 32052 |
| dopamine antagonistic effects of a series of analogues of oxiperomide and spiroxatrine measured behaviourally in the rodent. | the activity spectra of oxiperomide, spiroxatrine and analogues were determined in two experimental models of abnormal peri-oral movements (induced by intrastriatal dopamine and subcutaneously administered 2-(nn-dipropyl)amino-5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (nn-dipr-5,6-diohatn) in the guinea-pig), and in a stereotypy test (induced by subcutaneous apomorphine in the guinea-pig); the ability of the test compounds to induce catalepsy or catatonia in the rat was also determined. the pa ... | 1978 | 31432 |
| luminal alkalinization by guinea-pig cecum in vitro, an electro-neutral process. | guinea-pig cecum was found to alkalinize its mucosal media in vitro at a chemical equivalents rate greater than the short circuit current (isc). alkalinization was inhibited by conditions which did not affect isc and by low mucosal na suggesting an electro--neutral process, dependent on na. | 1979 | 36288 |
| effects of adrenergic and cholinergic agonists on adenylate and guanylate cyclase activity of isolated guinea-pig seminal vesicle epithelium. | isolated seminal vesicle epithelium of the guinea-pig contained increased amounts of camp and cgmp after treatment with pge1 and carbachol, respectively. adrenergic agents had no influence. possible physiological implications of these results are discussed. | 1979 | 36292 |
| a difference in effects of physiological ca2+ concentrations on activity of guanylate cyclase preparations obtained from the taenia caecum of guinea pig and from the longitudinal muscle of rat duodenum. | a cholinergic stimulant, butyltrimethylammonium bromide and serotonin increased the tissue levels of cyclic gmp in the taenia caecum of guinea pig but not those in the longitudinal muscle of rat duodenum. on the other hand, physiological ca2+ concentrations enhanced the activity of a guanylate cyclase preparation obtained from the taenia caecum of guinea pig, while guanylate cyclase in the longitudinal muscle of rat duodenum was not influenced by ca2+. the difference in the effects of the smooth ... | 1978 | 32054 |
| antagonism of central histamine h1 receptors by antipsychotic drugs. | the activity of 8 widely antipsychotic drugs as antagonists of central histamine h1 receptors was determined from the inhibition of the binding of 3h-mepyramine to a membrane fraction from guinea-pig brain. the phenothiazines examined, clorpromazine, fluphenazine, thioridazine and trifluoperazine, were all potent h1 antagonists. both alpha- and beta-flupenthixol were potent inhibitors, but butaclamol, although less potent, showed stereospecificity. haloperidol and spiperone were markedly weaker ... | 1978 | 32056 |
| the effects of a hydroxyl group on some chemical and biological properties of n-pentyl ammonium salts. | the effects of a hydroxyl group on the activity and affinity of compounds related to n-pentyltrimethylammonoum have been studied on the guinea-pig ileum, frog rectus, acetylcholinesterase and on partitioning (rm) and size (phiov, vm). the hydroxyl group lowered affinity in all tests, confirming the importance of hydrophobic forces in binding to receptors. activity on the ileum was lowered appreciably but on the rectus only slightly. the effects on rm did not indicate any interactions between hyd ... | 1978 | 31434 |
| [effect of benemycin and sodium succinate on metabolism of protons in mitochondria of guinea pig lung and liver tissues]. | the data of studies on proton metabolism in mitochondria of the guinea pig lungs and liver with application of benemycin and sodium succinate show that benemycin does not affect the metabolism of protons in the lungs and liver mitochondria. sodium succinate activates the release of protons from the lungs and liver mitochondria in state 4 according to chance. when using sodium succinate for reducing the effect of benemycin on theorganism it is found that sodium succinate inhibits the utilization ... | 1979 | 36703 |
| metoclopramide reverses inhibitions of electrically-induced contractions of guinea-pig isolated ileum by anti-inflammatory drugs. | | 1979 | 32372 |
| subcellular localization of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in guinea pig liver. effect of phenobarbital on the enzyme activity levels. | the localization of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in guinea pig liver was studied after subcellular fractionation. the enzyme activity was essentially connected with plasma membranes whereas only low activity was found in the endoplasmic reticulum. a similar activity distribution was demonstrated for 5'-nucleotidase. highest specific activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase was found in plasma membranes enriched in bile canaliculi. in this fraction the specific activity was 35 times greater th ... | 1979 | 37006 |
| histamine receptors on guinea-pig alveolar macrophages: chemical specificity and the effects of h1- and h2-receptor agonists and antagonists. | | 1979 | 37009 |
| effects of catecholamine treatment as well as cold exposure on mitochondrial enzyme activities of the adipose tissue in a guinea-pig (cavia porcellus). | | 1979 | 37034 |
| ionic interactions between bovine chymotrypsinogen a and chondroitin sulfate a.b.c.. a possible model for molecular aggregation in zymogen granules. | the formation of large aggregates by ionic interactions between acidic glucosaminoglycans and cationic secretory proteins has been proposed as one of the critical steps in the concentration process in the condensing vacuoles of secretory cells. in this paper, this hypothesis was tested by studies on the interactions between bovine chymotrypsinogen a and chondroitin sulfate as a simplified model. small amounts of chondroitin sulfate were found able to induce chymotrypsinogen precipitation. like z ... | 1978 | 29905 |
| stereochemical aspects of amine substrate attachment to acyl intermediates of transglutaminases. human blood plasma enzyme (activated coagulation factor xiii) and guinea pig liver enzyme. | | 1979 | 33172 |
| [mechanism of action of 8-n-phenethyl-1-oxa-2-oxo-3,8-diaza-(4,5)-spirodecane hydrochloride, a bronchodilator agent, on the isolated trachea of the guinea pig]. | | 1978 | 33684 |
| a study of carbachol-atropine interaction on intestinal smooth muscle vesicles, using a fluorescent probe. | plasma membrane vesicles were prepared from guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle. the vesicles were characterized by electron microscopy and analysis of lipid and protein content. they were shown to be free of gross contamination from actomyosin, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulphonic acid (ans) binding characteristics were similar to those found in other membranes. both carbachol and atropine increased the fluorescence of ans bound to this membrane, the maxi ... | 1978 | 33755 |
| isolated lung strips of guinea pigs: responses to beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists. | isolated lung strips of guinea pigs were examined as an in vitro model for assessing the direct effect of beta-adrenergic drugs at the level of peripheral airways. changes in intrinsic tone of thin strips of lung parenchyma were measured with an isometric force transducer. isoproterenol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic agonist, and several beta-adrenergic agonists, soterenol, salbutamol, metaproterenol and ritodrine elicited a dose-related relaxation of lung strip. responses to isoproterenol were ... | 1979 | 33813 |
| 31p nuclear magnetic resonance measurement of cardiac ph in perfused guinea-pig hearts. | | 1979 | 37345 |
| synthesis and preliminary biological studies of 4- and 5-[2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy]benzimidazoles: selective beta2 adrenergic blocking agents. | benzimidazoles carrying the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy side chain at either the c-4 or c-5 ring positions were synthesized and investigated for beta-adrenergic blocking activity. both compounds demonstrated beta2 selectivity when evaluated in guinea pig atrial and tracheal preparations. the c-4 isomer was 17 times more selective toward tracheal tissue, and its overall potency was roughly comparable to that of propranolol. beta2 selectivity of the c-5 isomer was minimal, with a potency a ... | 1979 | 34040 |
| [antihistaminic activity of tiemonium methylsulfate on isolated guinea pig ileum and trachea]. | | 1978 | 37856 |
| oxidative metabolism of chicken polymorphonuclear leucocytes during phagocytosis. | the oxidative response to phagocytosis by chicken polymorphonuclear leucocytes was investigated as compared to guinea pig polymorphonuclear leucocytes. the polymorphs from both species respond to phagocytosis with an increased oxygen consumption, an increased generation of o2 and h2o2, and an increased oxidation of glucose through the hexose monophosphate shunt. the rate of oxygen consumption, and generation of o2- and h2o2 by phagocytosing chicken polymorphonuclear leucocytes is considerably lo ... | 1978 | 34093 |
| cardiac muscarinic blocking and atropinic blocking effects of a tetramine disulfide and alpha-adrenoceptor blocking activity. | since many alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drugs were known to have muscarinic blocking activity, bhc, a newly synthesized tetramine disulfide with alpha-adrenoceptor blocking activity, and two of its analogs were tested for muscarinic blocking activity in the isolated guinea pig atrium and ileum. bhc had muscarinic blocking activity. its potency was higher in the atrium than in the ileum. the cardiac muscarinic blocking potency of the analog that contained carbon atoms instead of sulfur atoms was s ... | 1979 | 34474 |
| [pharmacological activity of n-basic substituted derivatives of 1,3-dimethylxanthine]. | the authors carried out studies on cats, guinea pigs, rats and mice, using isolated smooth muscle organs (bronchi, ileum of guinea pig), and examined bronchodilatating, diuretic, antihistaminic action and acute toxiticy of three n-basic substituted derivatives of 1,3-dimethiylxanthine (theophyline) namely: 7-bis-(2-hydroximethyl)-amino-ethyl theophyline under the form of a base (compound g111, tartarate (g112) and nicotinate (g113). the studies were performed in comparison with theophyline. it w ... | 1979 | 38099 |
| thermal responsiveness of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-a reductase and acetyl-coenzyme-a carboxylase in neoplastic guinea pig lymphocytes (l2c). | | 1979 | 38110 |
| adenylate cyclase of guinea pig skeletal muscle sarcolemma: comparison of the properties of the enzyme with mg2+ and mn2+ as divalent cation cofactors. | | 1979 | 34539 |
| insulin receptors in cultured mouse retinal cells. | the binding of 125i-insulin to uncloned and cloned cultures of mouse retinal cells has been investigated. at 15 degrees c, binding of the hormone reached a steady state by 60 min, while at 37 degrees c equilibrium was reached earlier but at a lower level than at 15 degrees c. porcine insulin, porcine proinsulin and guinea pig insulin displaced labelled insulin in proportion to their known biological potency. a sharp ph dependence of the hormone binding was observed with an optimum at ph 7.8. the ... | 1979 | 34549 |
| percutaneous absorption: in vivo experiments. | the percutaneous absorption of esters of nicotinic acid has been studied in vivo in man. the time for erythema to be produced has been measured both when the ester is applied continuously and in 'pulse' experiments when the ester is removed before the erythema develops. the results show that the erythema is produced long before steady state diffusion across the epidermis is established and the penetration of methyl nicotinate is characterized by d/l2 = 2.3 x 10(-4)s-1 where d is the diffusion co ... | 1979 | 34686 |
| pentobarbitone and skeletal muscle contractions: on the interaction with the effect elicited by the beta-adrenoceptor agonist, terbutaline. | the soleus, a slow-contracting muscle, and the extensor digitorum longus (edl), a fast-contracting muscle from guinea-pig were prepared for isometric recording in vitro. subtetanic contractions were evoked by transmural field-stimulation. pentobarbitone increased the force of contraction in both muscles. in the soleus it shifted the stimulation frequency-response curve to the left. terbutaline caused a decrease in the force of subtetanic contractions of the soleus, an effect which was dependent ... | 1979 | 34691 |
| microsomal metabolism of arylamides by the rat and guinea pig--ii. oxidation of 3-fluorenylacetamide at carbon atom 9. formation of 3-acetamido-9-fluorenone. | | 1979 | 38792 |
| the inhibitory effects of sex steroid hormones on electrically-induced contractions of the guinea-pig isolated ileum. | | 1979 | 34699 |
| intrabiliary pressure changes produced by narcotic drugs and inhalation anesthetics in guinea pigs. | the effects of narcotic agents and two inhalation anesthetics on intrabiliary pressure (ibp) were measured before and after morphine (0.2 mg/kg), meperidine (2 mg/kg), fentanyl (0.002 mg/kg), or pentazocine (1 mg/kg) given intramuscularly to guinea pigs, and after halothane (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mac) or enflurane (same range of mac) administered by inhalation. all narcotics except pentazocine significantly increase ibp, the increases ranging from 85.7% for meperidine to 143.4% for fentanyl. pen ... | 1979 | 35040 |
| effects of volatile anesthetics on directly and indirectly stimulated skeletal muscle. | isolated guinea pig nerve-lumbrical muscle preparations were exposed to halothane, methoxyflurane, isoflurane, enflurane, fluroxene, and diethyl ether. the temporal courses of the effects on indirectly and directly elicited twitch responses were determined over a range of concentrations for each agent. when the anesthetics were compared at concentrations equivalent in terms of minimum alveolar concentration (mac), a spectrum was observed in which halothane, methoxyflurane and isoflurane depresse ... | 1979 | 35042 |
| specificity of guinea pig liver transglutaminase for amine substrates. | the amine specificity of guinea pig liver transglutaminase, a model enzyme for endo-gamma-glutamine:epsilon-lysin transferases, was explored with the aid of synthetic substrates of high apparent affinities. as exemplified by dansyl- (5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl), (2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl)-, and (2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl)-cadaverines--each of which showed affinities of approximately 4 x 10(7) m-1--the best amine substrates carried a large hydrophobic substituent attached to ... | 1979 | 35225 |
| detection of "alpha-type" inhibitors in the presence of low levels of specific influenza antibodies. | in native, heated or otherwise treated egg white and in sera of men and guinea pigs, haemagglutination inhibition titres were determined against three inhibitor-sensitive (is) strains and one inhibitor-resistant (ir) variant on influenza a virus. a few human sera with no detectable antibody revealed high inhibition titres even against the ir variant. human sera after treatment with trypsin and periodate revealed mostly a reduction or no change, and exceptionally an increase of their inhibition t ... | 1979 | 39434 |
| maturational changes in adrenal xenobiotic metabolism in male and female guinea pigs. | in young (25-day-old) guinea pigs, adrenal and hepatic benzo[a]pyrene (bp) hydroxylase activities were similar but the rates of ethylmorphine (em) demethylation were greater in adrenals than liver. between 25 and 50 days of age no sex differences in adrenal or hepatic enzyme activities were demonstrable. the rates of adrenal bp and em metabolism increased with age in guinea pigs of both sexes; activities reached significantly higher levels in males than females. in contrast, hepatic metabolism o ... | 1979 | 35328 |
| aminoglycoside antibiotics and sympathetic ganglionic transmission. | the effects of streptomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin on transmission in sympathetic ganglia have been studied using the guinea pig isolated hypogastric nerve-vas deferens preparation. these aminoglycoside antibiotics produce dose-related sympathetic blockade at concentrations greater than the common therapeutically effective antibiotic concentrations. | 1979 | 39462 |
| [on the narco-hypnotic of o-chloro 2-phenyl ethyl allophanate (s. c. s. 100) in animal (author's transl)]. | oral administration of o-chloro 2-phenyl éthyl allophanate (s. c. s. 100) to male and pregnant, or not, female mice, to male and female rats, to male guinea-pigs and rabbits induces, according to tested doses and animal species, a reduction of motoricity, a state of sleepiness giving way to exterior solicitations, a loss of balance, a diminution of muscular tonus or a temporary loss of righting reflex going with narcosis and a reversible suppression of sensibility. the narco-hynoticaction of s. ... | 1979 | 39471 |
| humoral regulation of vascular resistance after 30 days of pulmonary artery constriction. | in an earlier study of guinea pigs with constriction of the pulmonary artery (pa) for 30 days, hindquarters' vascular resistance was maintained primarily by humoral mechanisms. in the present study, we investigated the contribution of circulating catecholamines, angiotensin ii, and other constrictor stimuli to hindquarters' vascular resistance by observing vasodilator responses to specific competitive antagonists. pressure-flow curves indicated vascular resistances in isolated, perfused, sympath ... | 1979 | 35987 |
| beta-adrenergic blocking action of halonitrophenethanolamines. | a series of phenethanolamines with n-isopropyl and n-tertbutyl substituents and ring-substituted with nitro- and halogen groups has been prepared. using guinea-pig isolated atrial and tracheal preparations, the influence of the nitro-group on the beta 1- and beta 2-antagonist actions of the mono-halogen compounds was determined, and the antagonist and partial agonist effects of the halo-nitro-compounds on beta-adrenoceptors in these tissues measured to help elucidate structure-activity relations ... | 1979 | 39529 |
| a fluorimetric assay for angiotensin-i converting enzyme in human serum. | a fluorimetric method is described for a simple, sensitive and reproducible assay for angiotensin-i converting enzyme in human and guinea pig sera. the very weak fluorescent substrate o-aminobenzoylglycyl-p-nitro-l-phenylalanyl-l-proline is enzymatically hydrolyzed, producing the highly fluorescent o-aminobenzoylglycine that is quantitatively determined by spectrofluorimetry. dependence of activity on substrate concentration, amount of serum, time of incubation and ph were investigated. the km v ... | 1979 | 36243 |
| characterization of receptors on postganglionic cholinergic neurons in the guinea-pig isolated ileum. | dopamine, apomorphine, noradrenaline and isoprenaline reduced the response of the isolated guinea-pig ileum to exogenous acetylcholine by a maximum of 40%. propranolol reversed this inhibition whilst phentolamine and pimozide were ineffective, suggesting that the drugs were acting on a post-synaptic beta-adrenoceptor. the same agonists were more effective as inhibitors of the response to transmural electrical stimulation of the ileum, lower doses producing almost complete inhibition. this inhibi ... | 1979 | 36459 |
| comparison of the beta-adrenoceptor effects of soterenol and its 3-hydroxy, 4-sulphonamido isomer (mj6987-1) in isolated tissues from the guninea-pig. | 1. soterenol and its 3-hydroxy, 4-methanesulphonamido isomer (mj6987-1) were compared with isoprenaline for beta-adrenoceptor mediated effects in guinea-pig atrial, tracheal, uterine and ileal preparations. in addition, mj6987-1 was tested for its effects in the atria of cats, rabbits and rats. 2. soterenol had a lower intrinsic activity and was approximately two to six times less active than isoprenaline in all preparations. 3. mj6987-1 was a full agonist, being some 30--200 times less active t ... | 1979 | 39696 |
| effect of naloxone on the sensitivity of the vas deferens to various agonists. | the effect of naloxone in vitro, on noradrenaline (na)-induced responses in guinea-pig isolated vas deferens was studied. the responses of na were potentiated by naloxone (3 microm). it potentiated the responses to methoxamine which has least affinity for uptake sites. responses induced by acetylcholine and potassium chloride were also potentiated by naloxone. low calcium (0.8 mm) in the medium antagonized the potentiating action of naloxone. it is suggested that naloxone produces non-specific p ... | 1979 | 36460 |
| the influence of cyclic gmp on contractions of guinea-pig bronchial muscle. | | 1979 | 36475 |
| placental clearance of lactate and bicarbonate in sheep. | to determine the placental clearance of lactate and bicarbonate in sheep, the fetal side of an isolated cotyledon and the umbilical circulation of the total placenta were artificially perfused. the release and uptake of lactate and bicarbonate by the perfusion fluid and the fetomaternal concentration differences of these substances were measured. from these data, the clearance of lactate and bicarbonate was determined to be 0.9 (se = 0.2) ml/h/g of placental tissue. the production of lactate by ... | 1979 | 39880 |
| production of heat-stable, methanol-soluble enterotoxin by yersinia enterocolitica. | seven isolates of yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:8, recovered during an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness, were examined for enterotoxin production. all seven strains were enterotoxigenic in the suckling mouse model, and three of five isolates tested produced keratoconjunctivitis in the guinea pig eye model (sereny test). enterotoxin was detected in broth supernatant fluid after 12 h of incubation at 25 degrees c. the toxin was not inactivated by exposure to 121 degrees c for 30 min or by ... | 1979 | 39891 |
| effects of low electrolyte media on salt loss and hemolysis of mammalian red blood cells. | cation loss and hemolysis of various mammalian red cells suspended in isotonic non-electrolyte media were investigated. sucrose buffered with 10 mm tris-hepes, ph 7.4 was used as the non-permeable non-electrolyte. mammals from which the red cells were derived include the human, guinea pig, rat, rabbit, newborn calf, newborn piglet and pig, all of which contain k as the predominant cation species (hk type) and the dog, cat, sheep and cow, all of which possess na as the predominant cation species ... | 1979 | 39943 |
| [stimulating effects of alanine and glycine on guinea-pig taenia coli (author's transl)]. | effects of alanine and glycine on the mechanical and electrical activities of guinea-pig taenia coli were investigated. alanine (0.1--10 mm) and glycine (0.5--10 mm) produced a dose dependent contraction of guinea-pig taenia coli. the stimulating effects of alanine and glycine were not inhibited in the presence of atropine (5 mum), tetrodotoxin (0.1 micrograms/ml), diphenhydramine (4 mum), methysergide (3 mum), strychnine (10 mum), and were not influenced by treatment with indomethacin (3 mum). ... | 1979 | 40057 |
| pharmacological properties of histamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase from guinea pig cardiac ventricular muscle. | | 1979 | 40106 |
| stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors by dobutamine in the guinea-pig atrium and tracheal chain. | | 1979 | 40138 |
| [biochemical changes in guinea pigs after the application of high doses of ascorbic acid]. | the effect of high doses of ascorbic acid (aa) (200 mg/kg body weight, s. c.) on the values of some biochemical parameters has been studied in guinea pigs (glucose, lactic acid, sh substances and gsh in blood, proteins and urea, and the ldh, mdh, asat, alat, and gamma-gt activities in the serum, the acid phosphatase activity in the liver, the gamma-gt activities in the liver and the kidney, and on the levels of sh substances and gsh in various organs). ascorbic acid was administered to the anima ... | 1978 | 36729 |
| subcellular distribution and properties of intestinal histamine-metabolizing enzymes from rats, guinea pigs and rhesus monkeys. | | 1979 | 37037 |
| the sites of action of 5-hydroxytryptamine in nerve-muscle preparations from the guinea-pig small intestine and colon. | 1 the sites of action of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) were examined in isolated segments of guinea-pig intestine. mechanical records were taken from the longitudinal muscle of the ileum and proximal colon and from the circular muscle of the ileum and distal colon.2 in order to examine direct actions of 5-ht, nerve-mediated responses were blocked with tetrodotoxin (0.2 mug/ml). there was a gradient in the responsiveness of the longitudinal muscle of the ileum; in the proximal ileum it was usually u ... | 1979 | 32947 |
| uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine in blood platelets and its inhibition by drugs: role of plasma membrane and granular storage. | the initial uptake of 3h-5-hydroxytryptamine (3h-5-ht) showed linearity for short time intervals in normal and reserpinized blood platelets of guinea-pigs, but was lower in reserpinized platelets. teh km values for the 3h-5-ht uptake were virtually identical in normal and reserpinized platelets, whereas vmax was lower in the latter. imipramine and chlorpromazine caused the same percentage inhibition of 3h-5-ht uptake in normal and reserpinized platelets; the reserpine-like compound ro 4-1284 inh ... | 1979 | 37296 |
| [effect of vitamin d and vitamin e on the erythrocyte membrane. i. effect on in vitro osmolar resistance and lysis]. | as in the case of retinol, low doses of cholecalcipherol and alpha-tocopherol "in vitro" increase the osmotic resistance of red blood cells, while high doses have a lytic effect on the erythrocytes of various animal species (e.g.: man, sheep, rabbit, guinea-pig, mouse, rat) with the exception of the chicken. the haemolytic effect of cholecalcipherol is less intense than that of retinol; alpha-tochopherol, while causing even less haemolysis than cholecalcipherol, involves a remarkable loss of k+ ... | 1978 | 40412 |
| [effect of antihistaminics on bradykinin action]. | on isolated ileum of the guinea pig the antihistamine drugs dimedrol, diprazin (pipolphen), tavegil and suprastin diminished spasmogenic effects of bradykinin and an enhancement of microvascular permeability induced by this polypeptid. the antihistamine drugs display a nonspecific antibradykinin activity. no relationship between the chemical structure and pronounced antibradykinin action of the antihistamines studied was revealed. | 1979 | 40631 |
| comparative studies on immunologically and non-immunologically produced slow-reacting substances from man, guinea-pig and rat. | 1 slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (srs-a) was produced by antigen challenge of passively sensitized human lung and actively sensitized guinea-pig lung. 2 a slow-reacting substance (srs) was prepared from the peritoneal fluid of rats treated with calcium ionophore a23187. 3 these substances were extensively purified by charcoal adsorption, sephadex g-15 gel filtration, ether extraction and reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. 4 the three substances are pharmacologically, chem ... | 1979 | 40646 |
| the reversal by pyridostigmine of neuromuscular block produced by soman. | the effect of pyridostigmine on neuromuscular block produced by soman was studied in the isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation. in the rat, soman produced an irreversible reduction in tetanic tension and functional acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity. pretreatment with pyridostigmine before exposure of the diaphragm to soman, followed by removal of the anticholinesterase from the organ bath, produced a return of tetanic tension and an increase of 5% in functional ache activity. similar r ... | 1979 | 37297 |
| comparative metabolism of codeine in man, rat, dog, guinea-pig and rabbit: identification of four new metabolites. | the metabolism and excretion of codeine and its metabolites in untreated urine of man, rat, dog, guinea-pig and rabbit have been examined. metabolites were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry operated in the chemical ionization mode (methane). concentrations of codeine and metabolites were measured by selected ion monitoring. both codeine and norcodeine were detected in the urine of all species but a new metabolite, hydrocodone, was found only in the urine from man, guinea-pig and ... | 1979 | 37301 |
| histamine receptors mediating cyclic amp accumulation in slices from guinea-pig hippocampus: characterization and localization [proceedings]. | | 1979 | 37727 |
| the inhibitory effects of presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor agonists on contractions of guinea-pig ileum and mouse vas deferens in the morphine-dependent and withdrawn states produced in vitro. | 1 isolated ilea from guinea-pigs implanted with morphine pellets were stimulated coaxially, either with or without morphine present in the bath fluid, and the longitudinal contractions recorded. 2 in the absence of morphine the inhibitory effects of the presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor agonists, clonidine and oxymetazoline were much reduced and the dose-response curve was flat. this state of 'withdrawal' was readily reversed by morphine and levorphanol but not its inactive (+)-isomer, dextrophan. ... | 1979 | 37965 |
| pa2 values of selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on isolated atria demonstrate a species difference in the beta-adrenoceptor populations mediating chronotropic responses in cat and guinea-pig. | pa2 values for atenolol (beta 1-selective) and alpha-methylpropranolol (beta 2-selective) have been determined on isolated atria of cat and guinea-pig using noradrenaline (beta 1-selective) and fenoterol (beta 2-selective) as agonists. on guinea-pig atria, the pa2 values did not vary with the agonist used. on cat atria the pa2 for atenolol was greater with noradrenaline than with fenoterol and the pa2 for alpha-methylpropranolol was greater with fenoterol than with noradrenaline. fenoterol was 2 ... | 1979 | 41041 |
| responses of guinea-pig lung parenchymal strips to prostaglandins and some selected autacoids. | | 1979 | 41051 |
| cardiovascular studies with impromidine (sk&f 92676), a new very potent and specific histamine h2-receptor agonist. | impromidine (sk & f 92676) has recently been identified as a potent and specific histamine h2-receptor agonist. the present paper describes some cardiovascular studies with the drug. impromidine lowers blood pressure in cats and rats by interaction with h2-receptors. during continuous intravenous infusions of impromidine, the fall in blood pressure is due to a reduction in total peripheral resistance; cardiac output increases during hypotension. the responses to impromidine are similar to respon ... | 1979 | 41056 |
| non-competitive-non-equilibrium alpha-adrenoceptor blocking properties of n-benzyl iodoacetamide, betsamide. | n-benzyl iodoacetamide, betsamide, at 10 mg kg-1 i.v. blocked the hypertensive and contractile responses of the nictitating membrane of the cat to adrenaline. the blockade had a lag period before full development. pretreatment of cats with betsamide for 7 or 18 h showed a non-equilibrium type of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. the responses of the nictitating membrane to adrenaline were markedly depressed and did not recover after high doses of adrenaline. in the same cats, adrenaline caused a prof ... | 1979 | 41059 |
| chemical synthesis and biological occurrence of carboxylic acid metabolites of delta1(6)-tetrahydrocannabinol. | potential metabolites of (-)-3,4-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) with a carboxylic acid function in the side chain were synthesized as their methyl esters in the delta1(6)-series. the chromatographic and mass-spectrometric properties of the five side-chain homologues were examined and utilized to facilitate the isolation and the identification of the corresponding monocarboxylic acid metabolites of delta1(6)-thc in the mouse, guinea pig, and rabbit formed after ip administration. the metabolite ... | 1979 | 38086 |
| action of putative neurotransmitters in the guinea pig cochlea. | scala tympani of the guinea pig was perfused with artificial perilymph containing putative transmitter substances. single auditory nerve fibre activity was recorded during these perfusions and the responses of these fibres were studied using computer-controlled routine. acetylcholine significantly inhibited tone-induced responses of a large proportion of the fibres tested. glutamate appeared to be a potent depolarising agent when applied in concentrations between 2 and 10 mm. noradrenaline did n ... | 1979 | 38131 |
| alpha- and beta-adrenergic mechanisms in the aorta of newborn rabbits and guinea-pigs. | | 1979 | 38184 |
| specific fluorescent labeling of chicken myofibril z-line proteins catalyzed by guinea pig liver transglutaminase. | guinea pig liver transglutaminase has been found to catalyze the covalent incorporation of dansylcadaverine into chicken skeletal muscle myofibril proteins. epifluorescence microscopy reveals that the incorporated dansylcadaverine is specifically localized at or near the myofibril z line. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) indicates that actin constitutes a major fraction of the labeled material; the z-line proteins alpha-actinin and desmin also show significant labeling, as well ... | 1979 | 38257 |