Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| author correction: ancient dna of guinea pigs (cavia spp.) indicates a probable new center of domestication and pathways of global distribution. | an amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. | 2020 | 32879432 |
| production and characterisation of a candidate hyper-immune serum for the replacement of the bordetella pertussis mouse antiserum biological reference preparation. | for acellular pertussis (ap) vaccines, the current european pharmacopoeia (ph. eur.) monograph pertussis vaccine (acellular, component, adsorbed) (1356) requires an immunogenicity assay in mice or guinea pigs to assess the potency of each lot of vaccine (ph. eur. general method 2.7.16. assay of pertussis vaccine (acellular)). this biological assay, carried out on the final bulk of the vaccine lot, is based on the measurement of the specific antibody response to the 5 antigenic components (pertus ... | 2020 | 32788037 |
| therapeutic potential of antileukotriene drug-camellia sinensis extract co-formulation on histamine induced asthma in guinea pigs. | to study therapeutic potential of antileukotriene drug- camellia sinensis extract co-formulation on histamine induced asthma in guinea pigs. | 2020 | 32787770 |
| trichloroethylene and trichloroethanol induce skin sensitization with focal hepatic necrosis in guinea pigs. | occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (tce) induces trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome (tcehs), which causes hypersensitivity dermatitis and hepatitis. however, whether tce itself or its two metabolites, trichloroethanol (tceoh) and trichloroacetic acid (tca), are involved in tcehs remains unclear. therefore, in this study we explored the allergens causing tcehs and characterized tcehs-related liver injury in guinea pigs. | 2020 | 32799435 |
| blockade of epidermal growth factor and its receptor and axial elongation in experimental myopia. | to examine the influence of epidermal growth factor (egf) and its receptor (egfr) on axial ocular elongation, we intraocularly injected an egf antibody and an egfr antibody into young guinea pigs with lens-induced axial elongation (myopization). mean axial elongation was reduced in the eyes injected with the egf/egfr-antibody compared with the contralateral control eyes injected with pbs (phosphate-buffered solution) (0.43 ± 0.13 mm vs 0.53 ± 0.13 mm; p < .001). the intereye difference in axial ... | 2020 | 32799354 |
| pharmacological evidence for the involvement of ryanodine receptors in halothane-induced liver injury in mice. | drug-induced liver injury (dili) is a major safety concern in drug development. halothane (hal), an inhaled anesthetic, induces severe and idiosyncratic liver injury. ryanodine receptors (ryr) are major intracellular calcium release channels found on the plasma membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (er). it has been reported that disordered hepatic calcium homeostasis is a feature of hal-induced liver injury (hili) in guinea pigs. however, there are no reports on whether ryr could mediate the pa ... | 2020 | 32795494 |
| neonatal parenteral nutrition affects the metabolic flow of glucose in newborn and adult male hartley guinea pigs' liver. | extremely premature birth is associated with a permanent disruption of energy metabolism. the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. the oxidative stress induced by parenteral nutrition (pn) during the first week of life is suspected to reprogram energy metabolism in the liver. full-term male hartley guinea pigs (to isolate pn from prematurity) receiving pn enriched or not with glutathione (to isolate pn effects from pn-induced oxidative stress effects) or an oral nutrition (on) during the ... | 2020 | 32741420 |
| non-recovery animal model of severe facial paralysis induced by freezing the facial canal. | some cases of peripheral facial paralysis are resistant to treatment, thus, a non-recovery model of facial paralysis is needed to develop new treatment strategies for this condition. the purpose of the current study was to develop an animal model of which facial palsy was severe and prolonged. | 2020 | 32739114 |
| adenovirus-vectored capsid proteins of the serotype a foot-and-mouth disease virus protect guinea pigs against challenge. | type a foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) has been detected on china's pig farms since 2015, and all suspected samples have been strain a/gdmm/cha/2013. to overcome the shortcomings of inactive fmdv vaccines, we expressed the capsid protein precursor p1-2a and mutated viral 3c protease of fmdv strain a/gdmm/cha/2013 in a replication-deficient human adenovirus type 5 vector in this study. a significant humoral immune response, t-cell-mediated antiviral response, and mucosa-mediated antiviral res ... | 2020 | 32733405 |
| ginsenoside rd ameliorates auditory cortex injury associated with military aviation noise-induced hearing loss by activating sirt1/pgc-1α signaling pathway. | free radicals and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss (nihl). some ginseng monomers showed certain therapeutic effects in nihl by scavenging free radicals. therefore, we hypothesized that ginsenoside rd (gsrd) may exert neuroprotective effects after noise-induced auditory system damage through a mechanism involving the sirt1/pgc-1α signaling pathway. forty-eight guinea pigs were randomly divided into four equal groups (normal control group, n ... | 2020 | 32792971 |
| guinea pig cytomegalovirus trimer complex gh/gl/go uses pdgfra as universal receptor for cell fusion and entry. | species-specific guinea pig cytomegalovirus (gpcmv) causes congenital cmv and the virus encodes homolog glycoprotein complexes to human cmv, including gh-based trimer (gh/gl/go) and pentamer-complex (pc). platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (gppdgfra), only present on fibroblast cells, was identified via crispr as the putative receptor for pc-independent gpcmv infection. immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated direct interaction of gh/gl/go with gppdgfra but not in absence of go. expre ... | 2020 | 32791352 |
| lens-induced myopization and intraocular pressure in young guinea pigs. | intraocular pressure (iop) is an important physiological measure of the eye and is associated with some ocular disorders. we aimed to assess the influence of topical beta blocker-induced iop reduction on lens-induced axial elongation in young guinea pigs. | 2020 | 32842961 |
| anaphylaxis induced by inhaling guinea pig allergen. | 2020 | 32842010 | |
| convalescent immunity to guinea pig cytomegalovirus induces limited cross strain protection against re-infection but high-level protection against congenital disease. | the guinea pig is the only small animal model for congenital cytomegalovirus (ccmv) but requires guinea pig cytomegalovirus (gpcmv). current gpcmv research utilizes prototype strain 22122, which limits the translational impact of gpcmv as numerous human cmv strains exist and ccmv is possible in the setting of re-infection. a novel strain of gpcmv (tamyc) exhibited differences to 22122 in various glycoproteins with gp74 (go homolog) the most variable (25% difference). antibody elisas for tamyc-co ... | 2020 | 32825429 |
| consecutive treatment with brain-derived neurotrophic factor and electrical stimulation has a protective effect on primary auditory neurons. | degeneration of neurons, such as the inner ear spiral ganglion neurons (sgn), may be decelerated or even stopped by neurotrophic factor treatment, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf), as well as electrical stimulation (es). in a clinical setting, drug treatment of the sgn could start directly during implantation of a cochlear implant, whereas electrical stimulation begins days to weeks later. the present study was conducted to determine the effects of consecutive bdnf and es treatme ... | 2020 | 32824176 |
| optical aberrations of guinea pig eyes. | the guinea pig is widely used in studies of refractive error development and myopia which often involve experimental optical manipulations. the study described here investigated the optical quality of the guinea pig eye, for which there are limited data, despite its fundamental importance to understanding visually guided eye growth. | 2020 | 32821915 |
| an altered composition of fecal microbiota, organic acids, and the effect of probiotics in the guinea pig model of postoperative ileus. | the aim of this study is to investigate the altered composition of fecal microbiota, organic acids, and the effect of probiotics in the guinea pig model of the postoperative ileus (poi). | 2020 | 32815235 |
| shape, size, and quantity of ingested external abrasives influence dental microwear texture formation in guinea pigs. | food processing wears down teeth, thus affecting tooth functionality and evolutionary success. other than intrinsic silica phytoliths, extrinsic mineral dust/grit adhering to plants causes tooth wear in mammalian herbivores. dental microwear texture analysis (dmta) is widely applied to infer diet from microscopic dental wear traces. the relationship between external abrasives and dental microwear texture (dmt) formation remains elusive. feeding experiments with sheep have shown negligible effect ... | 2020 | 32839331 |
| cytomegalovirus infection elicits a conserved chemokine response from human and guinea pig amnion cells. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infects the chorioamnion, but whether these infections cause fetal membrane dysfunction remains poorly understood. we sought to assess whether guinea pig cytomegalovirus (gpcmv) infects amnion-derived cells in vitro, compare the inflammatory response of amnion cells to gpcmv and hcmv, and determine if gpcmv infects the amnion in vivo. we found that gpcmv replicates in primary guinea pig amnion derived cells and hpv16 e6/e7-transduced amniotic epithelial cells (aec[e6 ... | 2020 | 32838950 |
| the dynamics, causes, and impacts of mammalian evolutionary rates revealed by the analyses of capybara draft genome sequences. | capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeri) is the largest species among the extant rodents. the draft genome of capybara was sequenced with the estimated genome size of 2.6 gb. although capybara is about 60 times larger than guinea pig, comparative analyses revealed that the neutral evolutionary rates of the two species were not substantially different. however, analyses of 39 mammalian genomes revealed very heterogeneous evolutionary rates. the highest evolutionary rate, 8.5 times higher than the huma ... | 2020 | 32835375 |
| modulation of peroxynitrite produced via mitochondrial nitric oxide synthesis during ca2+ and succinate-induced oxidative stress in cardiac isolated mitochondria. | we hypothesized that no• is generated in isolated cardiac mitochondria as the source for onoo- production during oxidative stress. we monitored generation of onoo- from guinea pig isolated cardiac mitochondria subjected to excess ca2+ uptake before adding succinate and determined if onoo- production was dependent on a nitric oxide synthase (nos) located in cardiac mitochondria (mtnos). mitochondria were suspended in experimental buffer at ph 7.15, and treated with cacl2 and then the complex ii s ... | 2020 | 32828729 |
| the immunogenicity of the virus-like particles derived from the vp2 protein of porcine parvovirus. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a major cause of the syndrome of sow reproductive failure that can cause economic losses. in this study, we developed a subunit vaccine against porcine parvovirus (ppv), composed of virus-like particles (vlps) derived from a prokaryotic system, and evaluated its potential against ppv infection. the soluble recombinant vp2 protein was expressed in e. coli transetta(de3) cells using a pcold ii prokaryotic expression vector at a low temperature of 15 °c. after expression ... | 2020 | 32827923 |
| in vivo real-time simultaneous examination of drug kinetics at two separate locations using boron-doped diamond microelectrodes. | methylcobalamin, which is used for the clinical treatment of patients with neuropathy, can have an impact on the sensorineural components associated with the cochlea, and it is possible that the auditory threshold in a certain population of patients with deafness may be recovered. nonetheless, it remains uncertain whether the action site of methylcobalamin is localized inside or outside the cochlea and which cellular or tissue element is targeted by the drug. in the present work, we developed a ... | 2020 | 32786440 |
| protection against borreliella burgdorferi infection mediated by a synthetically engineered dna vaccine. | lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in north america. the etiological agent is the spirochete borreliella burgdorferi, transmitted to mammalian hosts by the ixodes tick. in recent years there has been an increase in the number of cases of lyme disease. currently, there is no vaccine on the market for human use. we describe the development of a novel synthetically engineered dna vaccine, pld1 targeting the outer-surface protein a (ospa) of borreliella burgdorferi. immunization of ... | 2020 | 32783701 |
| pathology of diseases of geriatric exotic mammals. | the review covers select disease conditions most frequently described in aging rodents (rats, mice, hamsters, guinea pigs), rabbits, and ferrets. the conditions are categorized by general organ systems, infectious diseases, and neoplasms. two data systems, the veterinary medical teaching hospital and comparative pathology laboratory at the university of california, davis and zoo/exotic pathology service, citrus heights, california were used in the determining disease conditions to describe. | 2020 | 32778232 |
| geriatric care of rabbits, guinea pigs, and chinchillas. | specialized veterinary care needed for geriatric rabbits, guinea pigs, and chinchillas is described along with medical conditions common in this age group. clinical signs of pain, safe analgesics, therapeutics, and alternative modalities are outlined along with guidelines for end-of-life care and decision-making. a handout containing advice for small mammal herbivore clients with geriatric pets is included. | 2020 | 32778231 |
| nitric oxide increases gain in the ventral cochlear nucleus of guinea pigs with tinnitus. | previous work has led to the hypothesis that, during the production of noise-induced tinnitus, higher levels of nitric oxide (no), in the ventral cochlear nucleus (vcn), increase the gain applied to a reduced input from the cochlea. to test this hypothesis, we noise-exposed 26 guinea pigs, identified evidence of tinnitus in 12 of them and then compared the effects of an iontophoretically applied no donor or production inhibitor on vcn single unit activity. we confirmed that the mean driven firin ... | 2020 | 32686192 |
| multilobular tumor of bone on the forehead of a guinea pig. | multilobular tumor of bone (mltb) is an infrequent, slow-growing, bone neoplasm formed predominantly on the head. these tumors can behave as malignant neoplasms clinically and pathologically and can metastasize occasionally. no cases of mltb in rodents have been reported, to our knowledge. we describe a novel case of an mltb in a guinea pig. an adult guinea pig had an exophytic mass fixed on the frontal bone, maxilla, and nasal bone. on radiography, the mass had a spherical contour and variable ... | 2020 | 32684103 |
| pyronaridine tetraphosphate efficacy against ebola virus infection in guinea pig. | the recent outbreaks of the ebola virus (ebov) in africa have brought global visibility to the shortage of available therapeutic options to treat patients infected with this or closely related viruses. we have recently computationally identified three molecules which have all demonstrated statistically significant efficacy in the mouse model of infection with mouse adapted ebola virus (ma-ebov). one of these molecules is the antimalarial pyronaridine tetraphosphate (ic50 range of 0.82-1.30 μm ag ... | 2020 | 32682926 |
| effect of gnrh agonist deslorelin implant on spermatogenesis and testosterone concentration in guinea pigs (cavia aperea porcellus). | guinea pigs are social animals that are often kept in groups regardless of their gender. due to reproduction control and male aggressiveness prevention, surgical castration is commonly required. in the present study, we evaluated the effect of gnrh agonist implant (4.7 mg deslorelinum) on the serum testosterone concentration (t) and spermatogenesis in male guinea pigs. twenty-four animals were divided into two groups. all animals in the first group were neutered (group 1), animals in the second ... | 2020 | 32679355 |
| opposite roles of nt-3 and bdnf in synaptic remodeling of the inner ear induced by electrical stimulation. | with the development of neural prostheses, neural plasticity including synaptic remodeling under electrical stimulation is drawing more and more attention. indeed, intracochlear electrical stimulation used to restore hearing in deaf can induce the loss of residual hearing and synapses of the inner hair cells (ihcs). however, the mechanism under this process is largely unknown. considering that the guinea pig is always a suitable and convenient choice for the animal model of cochlea implant (ci), ... | 2020 | 32770528 |
| fermented platycodon grandiflorum extracts relieve airway inflammation and cough reflex sensitivity in vivo. | platycodon grandiflorum (pg) has been extensively utilized as an herb to relieve phlegm. in this study, the effects of pg root extracts on airway inflammation and cough reflex were investigated, especially using fermented pg extracts (fpe) to increase an active compound, platycodin d by fermentation. fpe significantly reduced the numbers of eosinophils and total cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) obtained from lipopolysaccharide/ovalbumin (lps/ova)-induced asthma mice versus those ... | 2020 | 32758004 |
| toxicological and pharmacological activities of leptohyptis macrostachys (benth.) harley and j.f.b.pastore (lamiaceae) on intestinal smooth muscle. | leptohyptis macrostachys, previously known as hyptis macrostachys benth., is used in folk medicine to relieve the symptoms of asthma, cough, and bronchitis. recently, we showed that the ethanol extract obtained from leptohyptis macrostachys has selective spasmolytic activity on guinea pig ileum. therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the spasmolytic mechanism of this extract, investigated whether it presents toxicological and antidiarrheal activities. therefore, the crude ethanolic ... | 2020 | 32754035 |
| inhibition of the ina/k and the activation of peak ina contribute to the arrhythmogenic effects of aconitine and mesaconitine in guinea pigs. | aconitine (aco), a main active ingredient of aconitum, is well-known for its cardiotoxicity. however, the mechanisms of toxic action of aco remain unclear. in the current study, we investigated the cardiac effects of aco and mesaconitine (maco), a structurally related analog of aco identified in aconitum with undocumented cardiotoxicity in guinea pigs. we showed that intravenous administration of aco or maco (25 μg/kg) to guinea pigs caused various types of arrhythmias in electrocardiogram (ecg) ... | 2020 | 32747718 |
| diterpenoids from leaves of cultivated plectranthus ornatus. | two new diterpenoid derivatives 7α,12β,17-triacetoxy-6β,19-dihydroxy-13β,16-spirocicloabiet-8-ene-11,14-dione (1: ) and 6β-acetoxy-3β,7α,12α-trihydroxy-13β,16-spirocicloabiet-8-ene-11,14-dione (2: ) along with 11 (3: -13: ) miscellaneous compounds were isolated from the leaves of plectranthus ornatus codd. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and gauge independent atomic orbitals 13c nmr calculations. the isolated compounds were screened for their effects on intestinal moti ... | 2020 | 32746472 |
| design of dual-mode stimulus chip with built-in high voltage generator for biomedical applications. | in this work, a dual-mode stimulus chip with a built-in high voltage generator was proposed to offer a broad-range current or voltage stimulus patterns for biomedical applications. with an on-chip and built-in high voltage generator, this stimulus chip could generate the required high voltage supply without additional supply voltage. with a nearly 20 v operating voltage, the overstress and reliability issues of the stimulus circuits were thoroughly considered and carefully addressed in this work ... | 2020 | 32746341 |
| double deletion of pkni/dacb2 leads to attenuation of mycobacterium tuberculosis for growth and virulence. | serine/threonine protein kinases (stpks) phosphorylates target proteins thereby regulates various important cellular signal transduction pathways such as cell division and cell wall synthesis. it has been demonstrated that the stpks regulate peptidoglycan biosynthesis by phosphorylating penicillin binding proteins (pbps). we extensively characterized both pkni (stpk) and dacb2 (pbp) roles individually as well as combining by genetic knockout and phenotypic characterization studies. in the presen ... | 2020 | 32741534 |
| approaches to high-throughput analysis of cardiomyocyte contractility. | the measurement of the contractile behavior of single cardiomyocytes has made a significant contribution to our understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of the myocardium. however, the isolation of cardiomyocytes introduces various technical and statistical issues. traditional video and fluorescence microscopy techniques based around conventional microscopy systems result in low-throughput experimental studies, in which single cells are studied over the course of a pharmacological or ... | 2020 | 32733259 |
| effect of local uv radiation on the morphofunctional state of the skin of guinea pigs in early and remote periods after irradiation. | the aim is to establish the features of morphological and morphometric changes in the skin of guinea pigs in erythemal, early post-erythemal and late post-erythemic periods after local ultraviolet irradiation. | 2020 | 32731701 |
| ultrasound-guided percutaneous antegrade pyelography for suspected ureteral obstruction in 6 pet guinea pigs (cavia porcellus). | to describe the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous antegrade pyelography (us-pap) in pet guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) with suspected ureteral obstruction. | 2020 | 32727315 |
| stimulus intensity-dependent recruitment of nav1 subunits in action potential initiation in nerve terminals of vagal c-fibers innervating the esophagus. | we investigated voltage-gated sodium channel (nav1) subunits that regulate action potential initiation in the nerve terminals of vagal nodose c-fibers innervating the esophagus. extracellular single fiber recordings were made from the nodose c-fibers, with mechanically sensitive nerve terminals in the isolated innervated guinea pig esophagus. nav1 inhibitors were selectively delivered to the tissue-containing nerve terminals. graded esophageal distention was used for mechanical stimulation. the ... | 2020 | 32726130 |
| crosstalk between ep2 and pparα modulates hypoxic signaling and myopia development in guinea pigs. | cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparα) levels mediate extracellular matrix (ecm) changes by altering the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (hif-1α) in various tissues. we aimed to determine, in the sclera of guinea pigs, whether a prostanoid receptor (ep2)-linked camp modulation affects pparα and hif-1α signaling during myopia. | 2020 | 32725213 |
| dietary effects on the development of calliphora dubia and chrysomya rufifacies (diptera: calliphoridae): implications for postmortem interval. | forensic entomology relies on insect development data generated within a laboratory setting in the estimation of minimum postmortem interval (mpmi). the methodologies used to produce these data vary considerably within the field and there is no accepted standard approach to laboratory rearing of forensically relevant species. a wide range of rearing media are used across published studies, including different species of animal and types of tissue (e.g., muscle and liver). differing methodologies ... | 2020 | 32725186 |
| discovery of treatment for nerve agents targeting a new metabolic pathway. | the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase is regarded as the primary toxic mechanism of action for chemical warfare agents. recently, there have been numerous reports suggesting that metabolic processes could significantly contribute to toxicity. as such, we applied a multi-omics pipeline to generate a detailed cascade of molecular events temporally occurring in guinea pigs exposed to vx. proteomic and metabolomic profiling resulted in the identification of several enzymes and metabolic precursors ... | 2020 | 32720192 |
| efficacy of ibrexafungerp (scy-078) against candida auris in an in vivo guinea pig cutaneous infection model. | candida auris has been shown to have a high risk of skin colonization in hospitalized patients, possibly contributing to nosocomial spread. in a guinea pig skin model, animals were evaluated for clinical appearance, tissue fungal burden, histology, and pharmacokinetics. oral dosing with 10 mg/kg ibrexafungerp (ibx) reduced the severity of lesions and significantly reduced the c. auris fungal burden in infected animals compared with untreated controls. this indicates promise for use of ibx in con ... | 2020 | 32718958 |
| discovery of sulfonyl hydrazone derivative as a new selective pde4a and pde4d inhibitor by lead-optimization approach on the prototype lassbio-448: in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. | phosphodiesterase 4 (pde4) inhibitors have emerged as a new strategy to treat asthma and other lung inflammatory diseases. searching for new pde4 inhibitors, we previously reported the discover of lassbio-448, a sulfonamide with potential to prevent and reverse pivotal pathological features of asthma. in this paper, two novel series of sulfonamide (6a-6m) and sulfonyl hydrazone (7a-7j) analogues of lassbio-448 have been synthetized and evaluated for selective inhibitory activity toward camp-spec ... | 2020 | 32717478 |
| use of solid lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of acute acoustic stress-induced cochlea damage. | to study the effects of drug delivery using solid lipid nanoparticles in the treatment of acute noise exposure-induced cochlea damage. the solid lipid nanoparticles (slns) were used as carriers to effectively encapsulate the drug clozapine, improve drug stability in the carrier system, and increase drug bioavailability in vivo. solid lipid nanoparticles carrying clozapine were produced by ultrasonic technology. the clozapine solution or sulphate sln was administered though intratympanic or intra ... | 2020 | 32711608 |
| regulation of retinal melanopsin on lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs. | investigation of the mechanism and the role of melanopsin in lens-induced myopia is necessary to find out potential targets in the prevention of myopia development. | 2020 | 32697555 |
| a new house dust mite-driven and mast cell-activated model of asthma in the guinea pig. | animal models are extensively used to study underlying mechanisms in asthma. guinea pigs share anatomical, pharmacological and physiological features with human airways and may enable the development of a pre-clinical in vivo model that closely resembles asthma. | 2020 | 32691918 |
| relationships between intrascalar tissue, neuron survival, and cochlear implant function. | fibrous tissue and/or new bone are often found surrounding a cochlear implant in the cochlear scalae. this new intrascalar tissue could potentially limit cochlear implant function by increasing impedance and altering signaling pathways between the implant and the auditory nerve. in this study, we investigated the relationship between intrascalar tissue and 5 measures of implant function in guinea pigs. variation in both spiral ganglion neuron (sgn) survival and intrascalar tissue was produced by ... | 2020 | 32691251 |
| leptin induces a contracting effect on guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle via the ob-r receptor mechanism: novel evidence. | the purpose of this study was to explore the potential contracting effect of leptin on isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle (tsm), the possible mechanism, and the impact of epithelium denudation or allergen sensitization, respectively. an in vitro experiment investigated the effect of leptin at a concentration of 250-1000 nmol/l on isolated guinea pig tsm with an intact or denuded epithelium. ovalbumin and ige were used to test the impact of active and passive sensitization. the isolated t ... | 2020 | 32687729 |
| attenuating loss of cardiac conduction during no-flow ischemia through changes in perfusate sodium and calcium. | myocardial ischemia leads to conduction slowing, cell-to-cell uncoupling, and arrhythmias. we previously demonstrated that varying perfusate sodium (na+) and calcium (ca2+) attenuates conduction slowing and arrhythmias during simulated ischemia with continuous perfusion. cardioprotection was selectively associated with widening of the perinexus, a gap junction adjacent nanodomain important to ephaptic coupling. it is unknown whether perfusate composition affects the perinexus or ischemic conduct ... | 2020 | 32678707 |
| hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy-associated troponin t mutations r130c and δk210 oppositely affect length-dependent calcium sensitivity of force generation. | length-dependent activation of calcium-dependent myocardial force generation provides the basis for the frank-starling mechanism. to directly compare the effects of mutations associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy, the native troponin complex in skinned trabecular fibers of guinea pigs was exchanged with recombinant heterotrimeric, human, cardiac troponin complexes containing different human cardiac troponin t subunits (hctnt): hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associat ... | 2020 | 32581830 |
| polyethylene oxide molecular size determines the severity of atypical thrombotic microangiopathy in a guinea pig model of acute intravenous exposure. | in 2017, opana er was voluntarily removed from the u.s. market based on concerns that its risks outweighed its therapeutic benefits. the data that supported this conclusion were based on postmarketing evaluation that demonstrated increased intravenous abuse associated outbreaks of hiv, hepatitis c, and uniquely, a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp)-like syndrome. in 2017, the cause was mechanistically linked to intravenous exposure of the high-molecular weight polyethylene oxide (peo), an ... | 2020 | 32579216 |
| the influence of human interaction on guinea pigs: behavioral and thermographic changes during animal-assisted therapy. | guinea pigs are often involved in animal-assisted therapy (aat) but there is little knowledge about the effects of human contact on guinea pigs involved in aat. the aim of this study was to investigate effects of availability of a retreat, presence of conspecifics, prior experience with aat, and human interaction on indicators of welfare in guinea pigs involved in aat. guinea pigs of both sexes and different ages (n=20) were assigned to a randomized, controlled within-subject trial with repeated ... | 2020 | 32673619 |
| artemisinin loaded mpeg-pcl nanoparticle based photosensitive gelatin methacrylate hydrogels for the treatment of gentamicin induced hearing loss. | artemisinin (art) is a natural anti-malarial sesquiterpene lactone which has the ability to treat and activate the clrn1 pathway to play a pivotal role in hearing loss and hair cell function. to investigate the therapeutic effect of art in hearing loss induced by gentamicin (gm), an art-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) mpeg-pcl nanoparticle-based photosensitive hydrogel was developed and tested in this study. | 2020 | 32612358 |
| ascorbate maintains a low plasma oxygen level. | in human blood, oxygen is mainly transported by red blood cells. accordingly, the dissolved oxygen level in plasma is expected to be limited, although it has not been quantified yet. here, by developing dedicated methods and tools, we determined that human plasma po2 = 8.4 mmhg (1.1% o2). oxygen solubility in plasma was believed to be similar to water. here we reveal that plasma has an additional ascorbate-dependent oxygen-reduction activity. plasma experimental oxygenation oxidizes ascorbate (4 ... | 2020 | 32606354 |
| activity- and ph-dependent adenosine shifts at the end of a focal seizure in the entorhinal cortex. | adenosine (ado) is an endogenous modulator of neuronal excitability, with anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects. it has been proposed that the activity-dependent release of ado promoted by the extracellular acidification occurring during seizures contributes to seizure termination. to verify this hypothesis, we recorded field potentials, ph and ado changes measured with enzymatic biosensors during acute focal seizures in the medial entorhinal cortex (mec) of the isolated guinea-pig brain ma ... | 2020 | 32599416 |
| health effects of trimellitic anhydride occupational exposure: insights from animal models and immunosurveillance programs. | acid anhydrides are used by chemical industries as plasticizers. trimellitic acid (tma) is an acid anhydride widely utilized in factories to produce paints, varnishes, and plastics. in addition to causing direct irritant effects, tma can augment antibody responses in exposed factory workers leading to occupational asthma. therefore, industries producing tma have implemented occupational immunosurveillance programs (oisps) to ensure early diagnosis and medical management, involving exposure reduc ... | 2020 | 32594360 |
| fadolmidine - favourable adverse effects profile for spinal analgesia suggested by in vitro and in vivo models. | fadolmidine is an α2-adrenoceptor full agonist developed for spinal analgesia with a local mode of action. the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the safety of fadolmidine on known α2-adrenoceptor-related effects: kidney function, urodynamics and cardiovascular variables. furthermore, the binding affinity of fadolmidine for the 5-ht3 receptor prompted functional studies on 5-ht3. according to the binding affinity data, fadolmidine demonstrated partial agonism on the 5-ht3 receptor in trans ... | 2020 | 32592769 |
| improving glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex delays the aging of auditory function of guinea pig. | the glucose homeostasis is essential for brain function, and energy deficiency is a key feature of brain aging. we investigated whether improving glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex can delay the aging of auditory function of guinea pigs with age-related hearing loss (arhl) by d-galactose. auditory function was assessed by auditory brainstem response (abr), glucose metabolism was detected by micro pet/ct, and the proteome were identified in auditory cortex by two-dimensional electrophoresi ... | 2020 | 32592712 |
| endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates scleral remodeling in a guinea pig model of form-deprivation myopia. | this study aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress in scleral remodeling in a guinea pig model of form-deprivation myopia (fdm). | 2020 | 32587758 |
| relationship between redox potential of glutathione and dna methylation level in liver of newborn guinea pigs. | the metabolism of dna methylation is reported to be sensitive to oxidant molecules or oxidative stress. hypothesis: early-life oxidative stress characterized by the redox potential of glutathione influences the dna methylation level. the in vivo study aimed at the impact of modulating redox potential of glutathione on dna methylation. newborn guinea pigs received different nutritive modalities for 4 days: oral nutrition, parenteral nutrition including lipid emulsion intralipid (pn-il) or smoflip ... | 2020 | 32594836 |
| safety and efficacy of blue light laser treatment in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. | hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (hht) is a hereditary condition that is associated with arteriovenous malformations. a common site for these malformations is the nasal mucosa, which is associated with severe epistaxis and debilitation for affected patients. we evaluated the efficacy and safety of blue light laser technology in treating these endonasal manifestations in a retrospective chart analysis. additionally, we compared blue light laser technology to bipolar coagulation in an animal ... | 2020 | 32573010 |
| the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the organization and structure of collagen fibers of dermis. | the aim is to study the features of the influence of local ultraviolet radiation on the organization and structure of collagen fibers in the radiation area. the studies were performed on 30 albino guinea pigs weighing 400-500 g, exposed to local ultraviolet radiation. animals were removed from the experiment after 2 hours, 4 hours, 3 days, 8 days after irradiation. the control group was intact guinea pigs. to assess the structure and location of collagen fibers, skin sections in the irradiated a ... | 2020 | 32672695 |
| macromolecular substances as a dangerous factor in traditional chinese medicine injections were determined by size-exclusive chromatography. | macromolecular substances in traditional chinese medicine injections (tcmis) are expected to be a main dangerous factor causing anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reaction. the main aim of the study was to verify the macromolecular substances' anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reaction in guinea pigs and establish a size-exclusive chromatographic method to detect them. the macromolecular substances from six tcmis (danshen injection, dengzhanxixin injection, honghua injection, qingkailing injection, shuan ... | 2020 | 32670563 |
| band-limited chirp-evoked compound action potential in guinea pig: comprehensive neural measure for cochlear implantation monitoring. | patients with severely impaired high-frequency hearing and sufficient residual low-frequency hearing can be provided with a cochlear implant (ci), thereby facilitating ipsilateral electric and acoustic stimulation with established advantages over electric stimulation alone. however, partial or complete hearing loss often occurred after implantation due to, inter alia, acute mechanical trauma to cochlear structures during electrode insertion. possibilities of intraoperative monitoring using elect ... | 2020 | 32665481 |
| activation of guinea pig irregular semicircular canal afferents by 100 hz vibration: clinical implications for vibration-induced nystagmus and vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials. | bone-conducted vibration (bcv) at 100 hz causes endolymph displacement at hair cell stereocilia in semicircular canal (scc) ducts of the intact bony labyrinth resulting in activation of irregularly discharging afferent neurons. | 2020 | 32658114 |
| water-filtered infrared a and visible light (wira/vis) treatment reduces chlamydia caviae-induced ocular inflammation and infectious load in a guinea pig model of inclusion conjunctivitis. | trachoma is a devastating neglected tropical disease caused by chlamydia trachomatis and the leading global cause of infectious blindness. although antibiotic treatment against trachoma is efficient (safe strategy), additional affordable therapeutic strategies are of high interest. water-filtered infrared a and visible light (wira/vis) irradiation has proven to reduce chlamydial infectivity in vitro and ex vivo. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether wira/vis can reduce chlamydial infecti ... | 2020 | 32653859 |
| learning and memory retention deficits in prepubertal guinea pigs prenatally exposed to low levels of the organophosphorus insecticide malathion. | high doses of malathion, an organophosphorus (op) insecticide ubiquitously used in agriculture, residential settings, and public health programs worldwide, induce a well-defined toxidrome that results from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (ache). however, prenatal exposures to malathion levels that are below the threshold for ache inhibition have been associated with increased risks of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder with intellectual disability comorbidity ... | 2020 | 32652103 |
| retinal photoreceptor damage produced in guinea pigs by tunicamycin. | corynetoxins, members of the tunicamycin group of antibiotics, produce a severe and frequently fatal neurological disorder in ruminant livestock, and guinea pigs are a useful model to study the pathology and pathogenesis of this disease. the aim of this study was to determine whether tunicamycin produced ocular damage in this species, which could have pharmacotherapeutic and diagnostic value. four 8-week-old guinea pigs were treated with tunicamycin, and two control animals were given the drug v ... | 2020 | 32643145 |
| sex differences and the effects of intrauterine hypoxia on growth and in vivo heart function of fetal guinea pigs. | we hypothesized that the physiological adaptations of the fetus in response to chronic intrauterine hypoxia depend on its sex and the gestational age of exposure. pregnant guinea pigs were exposed to room air (normoxia, nmx) or 10.5% o2 (hypoxia, hpx) at either 25 days (early onset) or 50 days (late onset) of gestation until term (~65 days). we evaluated the effects of hpx on hemodynamic and cardiac function indices using doppler ultrasound and determined sex-related differences in near-term fet ... | 2020 | 32639864 |
| adversarial convolutional network for esophageal tissue segmentation on oct images. | automatic segmentation is important for esophageal oct image processing, which is able to provide tissue characteristics such as shape and thickness for disease diagnosis. existing automatical segmentation methods based on deep convolutional networks may not generate accurate segmentation results due to limited training set and various layer shapes. this study proposed a novel adversarial convolutional network (acn) to segment esophageal oct images using a convolutional network trained by advers ... | 2020 | 32637244 |
| systemic iron overload exacerbates osteoarthritis in the strain 13 guinea pig. | iron is emerging as a key player in aging-associated diseases due to its propensity for driving free radical formation. studies examining the role of iron in the pathogenesis of primary osteoarthritis (oa) are limited. our objective was to establish a direct relationship between excess iron and oa by administering iron dextran to a guinea pig strain with decreased propensity for developing this disease. | 2020 | 32629162 |
| effect of sex on carcass yield and meat quality of guinea pig. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sex on carcass yield and meat quality of guinea pig (cavia porcellus). twenty animals (10 males and 10 females) criollos, with initial body weight of 286 ± 4.26 g and 2 months of age were distributed in a completely randomized design. the guinea pigs fed a diet based on vegetables and concentrate in a roughage:concentrate ratio of 80:20. after 60 days, animals were slaughtered and their carcasses and meat were evaluated. males had higher slaugh ... | 2020 | 32624605 |
| dilated cardiomyopathy mutations in thin-filament regulatory proteins reduce contractility, suppress systolic ca2+, and activate nfat and akt signaling. | dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) is clinically characterized by dilated ventricular cavities and reduced ejection fraction, leading to heart failure and increased thromboembolic risk. mutations in thin-filament regulatory proteins can cause dcm and have been shown in vitro to reduce contractility and myofilament ca2+-affinity. in this work we have studied the functional consequences of mutations in cardiac troponin t (r131w), cardiac troponin i (k36q) and α-tropomyosin (e40k) using adenovirally tran ... | 2020 | 32618513 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a novel liquid fiducial marker for image-guided radiotherapy. | the true extent of a tumor is difficult to visualize, during radiotherapy, using current modalities. in the present study, the safety and feasibility of a mixture of n-butyl cyanoacrylate and lipiodol (nbca/lip) was evaluated in order to investigate the optimal combination for application as a fiducial marker for radiotherapy. four combinations of nbca/lip injection (1:1-0.1, 1:1-0.15, 1:3-0.1 and 1:3-0.15 ml) were injected into the subcutaneous tissue of balb/c mice. the changes in gross histop ... | 2020 | 32565982 |
| design, optimization and evaluation of co-surfactant free microemulsion-based hydrogel with low surfactant for enhanced transdermal delivery of lidocaine. | microemulsion is the preferred vehicle for local anesthetics; however, the toxicity and irritation associated with a quantity use of surfactants (s) and co-surfactants (cs), i.e., medium- or short-chain alcohols, restrict its commercial application. in this study, efforts have been made to enlarge the cs-free microemulsion area by mixing olive oil (ol) with α-linolenic acid (ala) and linoleic acid (la), and by using vitamin e succinate (ves) as an auxiliary oil. through box-behnken design and th ... | 2020 | 32599129 |
| [comparative characteristics of enzymatic hydrolysis methods for isolating toxic substances from blood and hair]. | the aim of study was to develop methods for the hydrolysis with hyaluronidases for the isolation of drugs (phenobarbital, diphenhydramine hydrochloride and phenibut) from biological objects (blood, hair) and to compare their effectivenes with previously developed methods of enzymatic hydrolysis. the studies were carried out using model «blood - model drug substance (mds)», a natural and artificially colored wool (hair) of laboratory animals - guinea pigs of white, red and black natural colors, w ... | 2020 | 32597607 |
| a dose-effect study of cisplatin ototoxicity in albino guinea pigs. | cisplatin is one of the most commonly used antineoplastic drugs; nonetheless, its ototoxic dose-limiting side effects have remained a significant challenge in clinical practice. the recognition of the exact template of hearing loss induced by multiple low doses of cisplatin could be of great help in managing the treatment process. the present study aimed to investigate the effects of multiple doses of this drug on the auditory system. | 2020 | 32596174 |
| chlorella vulgaris α-l-arabino-α-l-rhamno-α,β-d-galactan structure and mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory and anti-remodelling effects. | microalgal exopolysaccharides (epss) are given great attention due to their potential biotechnology applications. purified c. vulgaris eps was subjected to compositional and sugar linkage analyses, and partial acid hydrolysis. hydrolysate separation by gel chromatography afforded oligosaccharide fractions. both, eps and oligomers were studied by nmr spectroscopy. data suggest very complex highly branched α-l-arabino-α-l-rhamno-α,β-d-galactan structure. backbone repeating unit is formed by →2)-α- ... | 2020 | 32565301 |
| impairment in neurocognitive function following experimental neonatal guinea pig cytomegalovirus infection. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a leading infectious cause of neurologic deficits, both in the settings of congenital and perinatal infection, but few animal models exist to study neurodevelopmental outcomes. this study examined the impact of neonatal guinea pig cmv (gpcmv) infection on spatial learning and memory in a morris water maze (mwm) model. | 2020 | 32555536 |
| postnatal guinea pig brain development, as revealed by magnetic resonance and diffusion kurtosis imaging. | this study used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (mri) to identify age dependent brain structural characteristics in dunkin hartley guinea pigs. anatomical t2-weighted images, diffusion kurtosis (dki) imaging, and t2 relaxometry measures were acquired from a cohort of male guinea pigs from postnatal day (pnd) 18-25 (juvenile) to pnd 46-51 (adolescent) and pnd 118-123 (young adult). whole-brain diffusion measures revealed the distinct effects of maturation on the microstructural complexity of t ... | 2020 | 32545593 |
| a revised surgical approach to induce endolymphatic hydrops in the guinea pig. | endolymphatic hydrops is an enlargement of scala media that is most often associated with meniere's disease, though the pathophysiologic mechanism(s) remain unclear. in order to adequately study the attributes of endolymphatic hydrops, such as the origins of low-frequency hearing loss, a reliable model is needed. the guinea pig is a good model because it hears in the low-frequency regions that are putatively affected by endolymphatic hydrops. previous research has demonstrated that endolymphatic ... | 2020 | 32568243 |
| cdc42 drives rhoa activity and actin polymerization during capacitation. | mammalian sperm cells acquire fertilizing capacity as a result of a process termed capacitation. actin polymerization is important for capacitation; inhibiting actin polymerization prevents the adhesion and fusion of the sperm with the ovule. the main function of rho proteins cdc42 and rhoa is to direct actin polymerization. although these two rho proteins are present in mammalian sperm, little is known about their role in capacitation, the acrosome reaction, and the way in which they direct act ... | 2020 | 32567555 |
| steady augmentation of anti-osteoarthritic actions of rapamycin by liposome-encapsulation in collaboration with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. | rapamycin has been considered as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (oa). drug carriers fabricated from liposomes can prolong the effects of drugs and reduce side effects of drugs. low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (lipus) has been found to possess anti-oa effects. | 2020 | 32547027 |
| effect of cholesterol on in vitro cultured interstitial cajal-like cells isolated from guinea pig gallbladders. | loss and/or dysfunction of interstitial cajal-like cells (iclcs) in the gallbladder may promote cholesterol gallstone formation by decreasing gallbladder motility. | 2020 | 32551028 |
| effect of roflumilast in airways disorders via dual inhibition of phosphodiesterase and ca2+-channel. | the bronchodilator effects of roflumilast "a selective phosphodiesterase type-4 (pde4)" inhibitor studied in this experimental protocol. the spiral strips of isolated guinea-pig tracheal chains mounted in organ bath and maintained in krebs solution ventilated with carbogen at 32 °c and in ca++ restricted krebs solution. pde inhibitory activity was evaluated by recording dose response curves using inhibitory effect of isoprenaline on cch induced contractions. for confirmation of pde inhibition th ... | 2020 | 32550801 |
| drug delivery device for the inner ear: ultra-sharp fully metallic microneedles. | drug delivery into the inner ear is a significant challenge due to its inaccessibility as a fluid-filled cavity within the temporal bone of the skull. the round window membrane (rwm) is the only delivery portal from the middle ear to the inner ear that does not require perforation of bone. recent advances in microneedle fabrication enable the rwm to be perforated safely with polymeric microneedles as a means to enhance the rate of drug delivery from the middle ear to the inner ear. however, the ... | 2020 | 32488817 |
| use of the guinea pig model of genital herpes to evaluate vaccines and antivirals: review. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are common throughout the world. infections are lifelong and may produce both acute and recurrent vesiculoulcerative disease as well as more severe diseases. despite disappointing results from recent hsv vaccine trials new vaccines and more potent antiviral therapies continue to be developed. these newer approaches require initial evaluations in animal models. in this review i have briefly described some of the models availa ... | 2020 | 32544409 |
| kyasanur forest disease virus non-mouse animal models: a pilot study. | mouse models have delivered variable recapitulation of kyasanur forest disease (kfd) pathology and consistently demonstrated neurological involvement which may be a limited feature of human disease. with the purpose of more accurately modelling human disease progression we infected several small-mammalian models: guinea pigs, hamsters and ferrets with a titered infectious dose of kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv). clinical indicators of disease severity were observed for seventeen days, on da ... | 2020 | 32539799 |
| vapbc22 toxin-antitoxin system from mycobacterium tuberculosis is required for pathogenesis and modulation of host immune response. | virulence-associated protein b and c toxin-antitoxin (ta) systems are widespread in prokaryotes, but their precise role in physiology is poorly understood. we have functionally characterized the vapbc22 ta system from mycobacterium tuberculosis. transcriptome analysis revealed that overexpression of vapc22 toxin in m. tuberculosis results in reduced levels of metabolic enzymes and increased levels of ribosomal proteins. proteomics studies showed reduced expression of virulence-associated protein ... | 2020 | 32537511 |
| atrase b, a novel metalloprotease with anti-complement and anti-coagulant activity, significantly delays discordant cardiac xenograft rejection. | both the complement and the coagulation systems play important roles in the development of hyperacute or acute antibody-mediated xenograft rejection. atrase b is a novel metalloproteinase isolated from the venom of naja atra. in this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of atrase b on complement activation and coagulation, as well as the effect on xenograft survival in a discordant xenotransplantation model. | 2020 | 32529740 |
| adaptive reshaping of the hormonal phenotype after social niche transition in adulthood. | phenotypic plasticity allows individuals to adjust traits to the environment. whether long-term adjustments of the phenotype occur during later life stages is largely unknown. to address this question, we examined whether hormonal phenotypes that are shaped by the environment during adolescence can still be reshaped in full adulthood. for this, guinea pig males were either housed in mixed-sex colonies or in heterosexual pairs. in adulthood, males were individually transferred to pair housing wit ... | 2020 | 32517608 |
| the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the recovery of facial nerve function in a guinea pig model of facial palsy. | the efficacy of insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) in the treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy was investigated using an animal model. the facial nerve within the temporal bone was exposed and compressed by clamping. the animals were treated with either igf-1 or saline which was topically administered by a gelatin-based sustained-release hydrogel via an intratemporal route. the recovery from facial nerve palsy was evaluated at 8 weeks postoperatively based on eyelid closure, complete rec ... | 2020 | 32513097 |
| thymus vulgaris l. essential oil solid formulation: chemical profile and spasmolytic and antimicrobial effects. | a new thymus vulgaris l. solid essential oil (seo) formulation composed of liquid eo linked to solid excipients has been chemically analysed and evaluated for its intestinal spasmolytic and antispastic effects in ex vivo ileum and colon of guinea pig and compared with liquid eo and excipients. liquid eo and solid linked eo were analysed by original capillary electrochromatography coupled to diode array detection (cec-dad) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) methodologie ... | 2020 | 32512899 |
| the amplitude-normalized area of a bipolar electrogram as a measure of local conduction delay in the heart. | re-entrant ventricular tachycardia may be non-inducible or haemodynamically compromising, requiring assessment of the electrophysiological properties of the myocardium during sinus rhythm (i.e., substrate mapping). areas of heart tissue with slow conduction can act as a critical isthmus for re-entrant electrical excitation and are a potential target for ablation therapy. | 2020 | 32508676 |
| inhibition of kca2 channels decreased the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in the guinea pig heart during induced hypokalemia. | hypokalemia reduces the cardiac repolarization reserve. this prolongs the qt-interval and increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia; a risk that is exacerbated by administration of classical class 3 anti-arrhythmic agents.small conductance ca2+-activated k+-channels (kca2) are a promising new atrial selective target for treatment of atrial fibrillation. under physiological conditions kca2 plays a minor role in ventricular repolarization. however, this might change under hypokalemia because of ... | 2020 | 32508659 |
| sinigrin enhanced antiasthmatic effects of beta adrenergic receptors agonists by regulating camp-mediated pathways. | millions of patients suffer from asthma worldwide. however, the first-line drugs used to treat asthma, namely, the beta-adrenergic receptors agonists (β-agonists), are not recommended for use as monotherapy because of their severe dose-related side effects. this limitation has prompted the search for new therapies, which can be used in conjunction with β--agonists so that lower doses can be administered. sinigrin is a major compound found in many antiasthmatic medicinal plants. in this study, we ... | 2020 | 32508648 |
| comparison of camel, dog and the laboratory animals' sera with the fetal calf serum (fcs) for cultivation of leishmania major. | the best-known serum for leishmania spp. cultivation is the fetal calf serum (fcs), which is very expensive with ethical concerns. this study was conducted to compare various laboratory (balb/c mice, rat, rabbit, hamster and guinea pig) and non-laboratory (dog and camel) animals' sera as a substitute for fcs in l. major culture. l. major, mrho/ir/75/er strain, was cultivated in rpmi-1640 medium enriched with different percentages of mentioned animal's sera. parasite growth was checked constantly ... | 2020 | 32508404 |