Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| prevalence and characteristics of escherichia coli and salmonella spp. in the feces of wild urban norway and black rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus) from an inner-city neighborhood of vancouver, canada. | although rat feces are widely suspected to be a source of pathogenic bacteria, few investigators have studied fecal pathogens in rats. we investigated the prevalence and characteristics of escherichia coli and salmonella spp. in norway and black rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus, respectively) from an urban neighborhood of vancouver, canada, collected september 2011-august 2012. colon content was cultured for e. coli and salmonella spp. and screened for the seven most-common enteropathog ... | 2015 | 25932669 |
| is the oriental house rat (rattus tanezumi) a potential reservoir for trypanosoma evansi in thailand? | trypanosoma evansi is a protozoan blood parasite and etiologic agent of "surra," a disease affecting a wide range of domestic and wild mammals, some identified as potential reservoirs. although t. evansi has been detected in several small wild rodent species, their role in the epidemiology of surra is unclear. there is molecular evidence of t. evansi in wild rodents in asia, but it is not known whether they can carry the parasite for sufficient time to significantly contribute to the epidemiolog ... | 2015 | 25932666 |
| rickettsia typhi in rodents and r. felis in fleas in yucatán as a possible causal agent of undefined febrile cases. | rickettsia typhi is the causal agent of murine typhus; a worldwide zoonotic and vector-borne infectious disease, commonly associated with the presence of domestic and wild rodents. human cases of murine typhus in the state of yucatán are frequent. however, there is no evidence of the presence of rickettsia typhi in mammals or vectors in yucatán. the presence of rickettsia in rodents and their ectoparasites was evaluated in a small municipality of yucatán using the conventional polymerase chain r ... | 0 | 25923891 |
| detection of angiostrongylus cantonensis in the blood and peripheral tissues of wild hawaiian rats (rattus rattus) by a quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay. | the nematode angiostrongylus cantonensis is a rat lungworm, a zoonotic pathogen that causes human eosinophilic meningitis and ocular angiostrongyliasis characteristic of rat lungworm (rlw) disease. definitive diagnosis is made by finding and identifying a. cantonensis larvae in the cerebral spinal fluid or by using a custom immunological or molecular test. this study was conducted to determine if genomic dna from a. cantonensis is detectable by qpcr in the blood or tissues of experimentally infe ... | 2015 | 25910229 |
| a survey of zoonotic pathogens carried by non-indigenous rodents at the interface of the wet tropics of north queensland, australia. | in 1964, brucella was isolated from rodents trapped in wooroonooran national park (wnp), in northern queensland, australia. genotyping of bacterial isolates in 2008 determined that they were a novel brucella species. this study attempted to reisolate this species of brucella from rodents living in the boundary area adjacent to wnp and to establish which endo- and ecto-parasites and bacterial agents were being carried by non-indigenous rodents at this interface. seventy non-indigenous rodents wer ... | 2017 | 25906923 |
| identification of phlebotomine sand fly blood meals by real-time pcr. | phlebotomine sand flies are blood-feeding insects of great medical and veterinary significance acting as vectors of leishmania parasites. studying the blood-feeding pattern of these insects may help in the understanding of their interactions with potential reservoir hosts of leishmania parasites. in this study, we developed real time pcr assays for the identification of sand fly blood meal. | 2015 | 25889289 |
| evidence of a target resistance to antivitamin k rodenticides in the roof rat rattus rattus: identification and characterisation of a novel y25f mutation in the vkorc1 gene. | in spite of intensive use of bromadiolone, rodent control was inefficient on a farm infested by rats in zaragoza, spain. while metabolic resistance was previously described in this rodent species, the observation of a target resistance to antivitamin k rodenticides had been poorly documented in rattus rattus. | 2016 | 25847836 |
| physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling of immune, reproductive and carcinogenic effects from contaminant exposure in polar bears (ursus maritimus) across the arctic. | polar bears (ursus maritimus) consume large quantities of seal blubber and other high trophic marine mammals and consequently have some of the highest tissue concentrations of organohalogen contaminants (ohcs) among arctic biota. in the present paper we carried out a risk quotient (rq) evaluation on ohc-exposed polar bears harvested from 1999 to 2008 and from 11 circumpolar subpopulations spanning from alaska to svalbard in order to evaluate the risk of ohc-mediated reproductive effects (embryot ... | 2015 | 25825130 |
| leishmania infantum in wild rodents: reservoirs or just irrelevant incidental hosts? | wild rodents constitute a very large biomass of potential reservoirs for leishmania spp. therefore, an epidemiological study was carried out in a well-known focus of canine leishmaniasis from southern spain, with the objective of detecting and characterizing leishmania infantum infection in wild rodents. blood, liver, spleen, bone marrow, and skin from 37 rodents (24 apodemus sylvaticus, 9 rattus rattus, and 4 mus musculus) were analyzed by optical microscopy, culture, and two different polymera ... | 2015 | 25797596 |
| detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecalis st6-vanb2 and e. faecium st915-vana in faecal samples of wild rattus rattus in spain. | the detection of vancomycin-resistant-enterococci (vre) among wild animals represents a worrisome public health concern. the objectives of the study were to determine the possible presence of vre in faecal samples of wild small mammals in spain, to characterize the vancomycin resistance mechanisms and genetic lineages of recovered isolates and to know the diversity of enterococcal species in these animals. a total of 155 faecal samples from small mammals were inoculated in slanetz-bartley agar s ... | 2015 | 25795517 |
| optimising the application of multiple-capture traps for invasive species management using spatial simulation. | internationally, invasive vertebrate species pose a significant threat to biodiversity, agricultural production and human health. to manage these species a wide range of tools, including traps, are used. in new zealand, brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula), stoats (mustela ermine), and ship rats (rattus rattus) are invasive and there is an ongoing demand for cost-effective non-toxic methods for controlling these pests. recently, traps with multiple-capture capability have been developed whi ... | 2015 | 25782018 |
| prevalence and diversity of small mammal-associated bartonella species in rural and urban kenya. | several rodent-associated bartonella species are human pathogens but little is known about their epidemiology. we trapped rodents and shrews around human habitations at two sites in kenya (rural asembo and urban kibera) to determine the prevalence of bartonella infection. bartonella were detected by culture in five of seven host species. in kibera, 60% of rattus rattus were positive, as compared to 13% in asembo. bartonella were also detected in c. olivieri (7%), lemniscomys striatus (50%), mast ... | 2015 | 25781015 |
| rapid morphological change in black rats (rattus rattus) after an island introduction. | rapid morphological change has been shown in rodent populations on islands, including endemic deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus subspp.) on the california channel islands. surprisingly, most of these changes were towards a smaller size. black rats were introduced to anacapa island in the mid-1800s (probably in 1853) and eradicated in 2001-2002. to assess possible changes in these rats since their introduction, eleven cranial and four standard external measurements were taken from 59 rattus rattu ... | 2015 | 25780765 |
| [fatty acid composition of phospholipids of erythrocytes of lamprey, frog, rat, and absorption spectra of their lipid extracts]. | the work deals with study of content and fatty acid composition of phospholipids as well as of absorption spectra of lipid extracts of blood erythrocytes poikilothermal and homoiothermal animals of different evolutionary levels. objects of study were poikilothermal lamprey (lampetra fluviatilis) consuming oxygen from water and the common frog (rana temporatia) consuming it both from water and from air. homoiothermal animals were white rats (rattus rattus) inhabiting in the air medium. the animal ... | 2015 | 25775862 |
| helminth infections in rattus ratus and rattus norvigicus in tehran, iran. | the aim of this study was to determine intestinal and liver helminth infections in rattus rodents in tehran iran. | 2017 | 25759736 |
| breinlia (breinlia) jittapalapongi n. sp. (nematoda: filarioidea) from the asian house rat rattus tanezumi temminck in lao pdr. | a new species of filarioid nematode of the genus breinlia yorke & maplestone, 1926 (nematoda: filarioidea) is described from rodents in lao pdr and according to its morphology, is placed in the subgenus breinlia. breinlia (breinlia) jittapalapongi n. sp. occurs in the asian house rat (rattus tanezumi temminck) and the sikkim rat (rattus andamanensis blyth) and is reported from two localities (luang prabang and champasak). the new species can be distinguished from all other congeners, which are m ... | 2015 | 25693458 |
| capillaria hepatica infection in black rats (rattus rattus) on diego garcia, british indian ocean territory. | rats (rattus spp.) are among the most damaging invasive species worldwide. the accidental introduction of rats has caused significant detriment to native flora and fauna, crops, structures, and human livelihoods. rats are vectors of disease and carriers of various zoonotic parasites. capillaria hepatica (syn. callodium hepaticum) is a parasitic nematode found primarily in rodents but is known to infect over 140 mammal species, including human beings and several species of domestic animals. in th ... | 2015 | 25691507 |
| a survey on helminthic infection in mice (mus musculus) and rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus) in kermanshah, iran. | parasitic infections of rodents can compromise scientific research as well as the health of the animals and humans. based on previous studies, infection rate of parasitic helminths is different in various regions of iran. the current survey was aimed to determine endoparasitic helminths infection in 138 trapped rodents of kermanshah county, iran. mice and rats were trapped using metal snares from january to october 2011 and euthanized. rodents included 110 mus musculus (79.00%), 23 rattus norveg ... | 2013 | 25653780 |
| rickettsia and bartonella species in fleas from reunion island. | rickettsia felis, rickettsia typhi, and bartonella dna was detected by molecular tools in 12% of rattus rattus fleas (xenopsylla species) collected from reunion island. one-third of the infested commensal rodents captured during 1 year carried at least one infected flea. as clinical signs of these zoonoses are non-specific, they are often misdiagnosed. | 2015 | 25646263 |
| ectoparasites and endoparasites of peridomestic house-rats in ile-ife, nigeria and implication on human health. | there has never been a single case report of any parasitic zoonosis in ile-ife while just a case of human acanthocephalan infection in nigeria is available. | 2014 | 25642271 |
| an investigation of bartonella spp., rickettsia typhi, and seoul hantavirus in rats (rattus spp.) from an inner-city neighborhood of vancouver, canada: is pathogen presence a reflection of global and local rat population structure? | urban norway and black rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus) are reservoirs for variety of zoonotic pathogens. many of these pathogens, including rickettsia typhi, bartonella spp., and seoul hantavirus (seov), are thought to be endemic in rat populations worldwide; however, past field research has found these organisms to be absent in certain rat populations. rats (rattus spp.) from an inner city neighborhood of vancouver, canada, were tested for exposure to and/or infection with seov and r ... | 2015 | 25629777 |
| aboriginal and invasive rats of genus rattus as hosts of infectious agents. | from the perspective of ecology of zoonotic pathogens, the role of the old world rats of the genus rattus is exceptional. the review analyzes specific characteristics of rats that contribute to their important role in hosting pathogens, such as host-pathogen relations and rates of rat-borne infections, taxonomy, ecology, and essential factors. specifically the review addresses recent taxonomic revisions within the genus rattus that resulted from applications of new genetic tools in understanding ... | 2015 | 25629775 |
| clonal diversity of ctx-m-producing, multidrug-resistant escherichia coli from rodents. | this territory-wide study investigated the occurrence of faecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing escherichia coli among wild rodents from the 18 districts in hong kong. individual rectal swabs were obtained from the trapped animals and cultured in plain and selective media. a total of 965 wild rodents [148 chestnut spiny rats (niviventer fulvescens), 326 indo-chinese forest rats (rattus andamanensis), 452 brown rats (rattus norvegicus) and 39 black rats (rattus rattus)] ... | 2015 | 25627207 |
| genotyping and subtyping of giardia and cryptosporidium isolates from commensal rodents in china. | cryptosporidium and giardia are two important zoonotic intestinal parasites responsible for diarrhoea in humans and other animals worldwide. rodents, as reservoirs or carriers of cryptosporidium and giardia, are abundant and globally widespread. in the present study, we collected 232 fecal specimens from commensal rodents captured in animal farms and farm neighbourhoods in china. we collected 33 asian house rats, 168 brown rats and 31 house mice. 6.0% (14/232) and 8.2% (19/232) of these rodents ... | 2015 | 25579244 |
| seasonal fluctuations of small mammal and flea communities in a ugandan plague focus: evidence to implicate arvicanthis niloticus and crocidura spp. as key hosts in yersinia pestis transmission. | the distribution of human plague risk is strongly associated with rainfall in the tropical plague foci of east africa, but little is known about how the plague bacterium is maintained during periods between outbreaks or whether environmental drivers trigger these outbreaks. we collected small mammals and fleas over a two year period in the west nile region of uganda to examine how the ecological community varies seasonally in a region with areas of both high and low risk of human plague cases. | 2015 | 25573253 |
| discovery of a novel coronavirus, china rattus coronavirus hku24, from norway rats supports the murine origin of betacoronavirus 1 and has implications for the ancestor of betacoronavirus lineage a. | we discovered a novel betacoronavirus lineage a coronavirus, china rattus coronavirus (chrcov) hku24, from norway rats in china. chrcov hku24 occupied a deep branch at the root of members of betacoronavirus 1, being distinct from murine coronavirus and human coronavirus hku1. its unique putative cleavage sites between nonstructural proteins 1 and 2 and in the spike (s) protein and low sequence identities to other lineage a betacoronaviruses (βcovs) in conserved replicase domains support chrcov h ... | 2015 | 25552712 |
| pneumonic plague outbreak, northern madagascar, 2011. | yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is endemic to madagascar, particularly to the central highlands. although plague has not been previously reported in northern madagascar, an outbreak of pneumonic plague occurred in this remote area in 2011. over a 27-day period, 17 suspected, 2 presumptive, and 3 confirmed human cases were identified, and all 15 untreated 20 patients died. molecular typing of y. pestis isolated from 2 survivors and 5 rattus rattus rat samples identified the madaga ... | 2015 | 25530466 |
| chagas' disease: an emergent urban zoonosis. the caracas valley (venezuela) as an epidemiological model. | the unprecedented emergence of important public health and veterinary zoonoses is usually a result of exponential population growth and globalization of human activities. i characterized chagas' disease as an emergent zoonosis in the caracas valley (venezuela) due to the following findings: the presence of reservoirs (didelphis marsupialis, rattus rattus) and vectors (panstrongylus geniculatus, panstrongylus rufotuberculatus) infected with trypanosoma cruzi in urbanized or marginalized areas; th ... | 2014 | 25520950 |
| bartonella species in fleas from palestinian territories: prevalence and genetic diversity. | bartonellosis is an infectious bacterial disease. the prevalence and genetic characteristics of bartonella spp. in fleas of wild and domestic animals from palestinian territories are described. flea samples (n=289) were collected from 121 cats, 135 dogs, 26 hyraxes and seven rats from northern (n=165), central (n=113), and southern palestinian territories (n=11). the prevalent flea species were: ctenocephalides felis (n=119/289; 41.2%), ctenocephalides canis (n=159/289; 55%), and xenopsylla sp. ... | 2014 | 25424254 |
| discriminating the drivers of edge effects on nest predation: forest edges reduce capture rates of ship rats (rattus rattus), a globally invasive nest predator, by altering vegetation structure. | forest edges can strongly affect avian nest success by altering nest predation rates, but this relationship is inconsistent and context dependent. there is a need for researchers to improve the predictability of edge effects on nest predation rates by examining the mechanisms driving their occurrence and variability. in this study, we examined how the capture rates of ship rats, an invasive nest predator responsible for avian declines globally, varied with distance from the forest edge within fo ... | 2014 | 25412340 |
| proposal for 'candidatus mycoplasma haemomuris subsp. musculi' in mice, and 'candidatus mycoplasma haemomuris subsp. ratti' in rats. | mycoplasma haemomuris is causative of infectious anaemia or splenomegaly in rodents. we examined the nucleotide sequences of the non-ribosomal genes, rnpb and dnak, in strains of the species m. haemomuris detected in small field mice and black rats. rnpb nucleotide sequences in strains of the species m. haemomuris isolated from small field mice and black rats had only 89 % sequence similarity, suggesting their separation into two distinct subgroups. dnak had a nucleotide sequence similarity of 8 ... | 2015 | 25406232 |
| comparison between quantitative buffy coat (qbc) and giemsa-stained thin film (gtf) technique for blood protozoan infections in wild rats. | the quantitative buffy coat (qbc) technique and conventional giemsa thin blood smear was compared to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the technique in detecting blood parasitic infection of the rodent populations from four urban cities in peninsular malaysia. a total of 432 blood samples from four rat species (rattus norvegicus, rattus rattus diardii, rattus exulans and rattus argentiventer) were screened using both techniques and successfully detected two blood protozoan species (tr ... | 2014 | 25382468 |
| spatial segregation between invasive and native commensal rodents in an urban environment: a case study in niamey, niger. | invasive rodents have been responsible for the diffusion worldwide of many zoonotic agents, thus representing major threats for public health. cities are important hubs for people and goods exchange and are thus expected to play a pivotal role in invasive commensal rodent dissemination. yet, data about urban rodents' ecology, especially invasive vs. native species interactions, are dramatically scarce. here, we provide results of an extensive survey of urban rodents conducted in niamey, niger, d ... | 2014 | 25379785 |
| reproductive toxicity of triptolide in male house rat, rattus rattus. | the aim of study was to investigate the toxic effect of triptolide fed in bait on reproduction of male house rat, rattus rattus. feeding of cereal based bait containing 0.2% triptolide to male r. rattus for 5 days in no-choice feeding test, leading to mean daily ingestion of 20.45 mg/kg bw of triptolide, was found effective in significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reducing sperm motility and viability in cauda epididymal fluid by 80.65 and 75.14%, respectively, from that of untreated rats. pregnancy rates we ... | 2014 | 25374942 |
| functional ultrastructure of the parenchymatic capsules of the cestode thysanotaenia congolensis (cyclophyllidea, anoplocephalidae, inermicapsiferinae). | proglottids from adult thysanotaenia congolensis from naturally infected black rats rattus rattus from santiago island, cape verde, were examined by transmission electron microscopy (tem). the uterus in mature proglottids is composed of an ephemeral transverse tube or sac that breaks down, releasing eggs into the parenchyma where they are sequestered in groups and encapsulated by parenchymatous layers. in gravid proglottids, eggs accumulate in groups of 6-12 at the distal end of sac-like uterine ... | 2015 | 25344207 |
| distinct genetic characteristics of sri lankan rattus and bandicota (murinae, rodentia) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. | we examined genetic variation in black rats (the rattus rattus complex) from kandy district, sri lanka using mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb, 1140 bp) and nuclear melanocortin 1 receptor (mc1r, 954 bp) gene sequences together with database sequences. we confirmed the existence of two divergent mitochondrial lineages in sri lankan black rats, with genetic distance of 2.2% and estimated divergence time of 0.3 million years ago. because one lineage is unique to the island and the other is closely ... | 2014 | 25224973 |
| fleas of small mammals on reunion island: diversity, distribution and epidemiological consequences. | the diversity and geographical distribution of fleas parasitizing small mammals have been poorly investigated on indian ocean islands with the exception of madagascar where endemic plague has stimulated extensive research on these arthropod vectors. in the context of an emerging flea-borne murine typhus outbreak that occurred recently in reunion island, we explored fleas' diversity, distribution and host specificity on reunion island. small mammal hosts belonging to five introduced species were ... | 2014 | 25188026 |
| poultry egg components as cereal bait additives for enhancing rodenticide based control success and trap index of house rat, rattus rattus. | to compare the acceptance and efficacy of cereal bait containing different concentrations of poultry egg components in laboratory and poultry farms to control house rat, rattus rattus (r. rattus). | 2014 | 25183108 |
| ecological, social and biological risk factors for continued trypanosoma cruzi transmission by triatoma dimidiata in guatemala. | chagas disease transmission by triatoma dimidiata persists in guatemala and elsewhere in central america under undefined ecological, biological and social (eco-bio-social) conditions. | 2014 | 25170955 |
| bird-repellent effects on bait efficacy for control of invasive mammal pests. | repellents to reduce crop damage from birds and mammals have been investigated extensively, but their efficacy in reducing risk to non-target birds in aerial poisoning operations for control of mammal pests is less known. we assessed the impact on bait acceptability, palatability and kill efficacy for captive wild rats (rattus rattus l.) and possums (trichosurus vulpecula kerr) of adding bird repellents (anthraquinone and d-pulegone) to baits used for their control in food choice trials. | 2015 | 25143303 |
| epidemiology of blood parasitic infections in the urban rat population in peninsular malaysia. | a total of 719 wild rats were captured from four localities representing the west (kuala lumpur), east (kuantan), north (georgetown) and south (malacca) to determine the diversity of blood protozoan from the urban wild rat population in peninsular malaysia. five rat species were recovered with rattus rattus diardii being the most dominant species, followed by rattus norvegicus, rattus exulans, rattus annandalei and rattus argentiventer. two blood protozoan species were found infecting the rodent ... | 2014 | 25134892 |
| remarkable diversity of tick or mammalian-associated borreliae in the metropolitan san francisco bay area, california. | the diversity of lyme disease (ld) and relapsing fever (rf)-group spirochetes in the metropolitan san francisco bay area in northern california is poorly understood. we tested ixodes pacificus, i. spinipalpis, and small mammals for presence of borreliae in alameda county in the eastern portion of san francisco bay between 2009 and 2012. analyses of 218 borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bb sl) culture or dna isolates recovered from host-seeking i. pacificus ticks revealed that the human pathogen b ... | 2014 | 25129859 |
| rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (ixodidae) in synantropic rodents in rio grande do sul, brazil. | rhipicephalus sanguineus, the brown dog tick, is responsible for maintaining and transmitting various pathogens, both in animals and human beings, and it is of great sanitary importance. this communication reports the first occurrence of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato parasitizing rattus norvegicus in the state of rio grande do sul, brazil, and it is also the first record of this tick species parasitizing rattus rattus in brazil. the rodents were captured from the port area, located in the ... | 2014 | 25054514 |
| leptospirosis in vellore: a clinical and serological study. | leptospirosis is a severe spirochetal zoonosis in the world. it is considered an occupational disease of persons engaged in agriculture, sewage works, forestry, and animal slaughtering. a study was conducted with an objective of assessing the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in and around vellore district, tamil nadu. the study was based on the signs and symptoms of the patients reporting fever in vellore municipal clinic (urban malarial scheme). blood samples were collected from 129 patients. an ... | 2014 | 25050124 |
| comparative hepatic in vitro depletion and metabolite formation of major perfluorooctane sulfonate precursors in arctic polar bear, beluga whale, and ringed seal. | perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) has been reported to be among the most concentrated persistent organic pollutants in arctic marine wildlife. the present study examined the in vitro depletion of major pfos precursors, n-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamide (n-etfosa) and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (fosa), as well as metabolite formation using an assay based on enzymatically viable liver microsomes for three top arctic marine mammalian predators, polar bear (ursus maritimus), beluga whale (delphina ... | 2014 | 25048910 |
| genotyping of toxoplasma gondii from rats (rattus rattus) in riyadh, saudi arabia. | toxoplasma 3 main clonal lineages are designated as type i, ii, and iii; however, atypical and mixed genotypes were also reported. this study was conducted for detection of toxoplasma gondii genotypes in rats (rattus rattus) in riyadh region, saudi arabia. pcr test on t. gondii b1 gene was conducted on elisa igm positive samples for confirmation of the infection. however, genetic analysis of the sag2 locus was performed to determine t. gondii genotypes using pcr-rflp technique. pcr test on t. go ... | 2014 | 25031465 |
| [influence of radiation on survivability, behavior and neurochemical correlates of rats]. | the aim of the work was to study the dependence of individual radiosensitivity of white and black rats on radiation. the rats under study were derived from a cross between black and white rats and called ratus ratus-georgia. comparative radiosensitivity of white (wistar) and black rats was studied at a total exposure with sublethal and lethal doses (5, 7 and 9 gy). cumulative survival functions of rats, a spectrum of changes in some ethological parameters and content of serotonin and catecholami ... | 2014 | 25020178 |
| invasion genetics of a human commensal rodent: the black rat rattus rattus in madagascar. | studies focusing on geographical genetic patterns of commensal species and on human history complement each other and provide proxies to trace common colonization events. on madagascar, the unintentional introduction and spread of the commensal species rattus rattus by people may have left a living clue of human colonization patterns and history. in this study, we addressed this question by characterizing the genetic structure of natural populations of r. rattus using both microsatellites and mi ... | 2014 | 24975563 |
| animal reservoirs and potential vectors of leishmania siamensis in southern thailand. | leishmania siamensis is newly described as the causative pathogen of autochthonous leishmaniasis in thailand. potential vectors and animal reservoirs of l. siamensis are not thoroughly studied. an environmental survey was carried out in the affected area in two provinces in southern thailand: songkhla and nakhon si thammarat. ninety-nine villagers, 378 sandflies, and potential animal reservoirs were examined. leishmania dna amplicon was identified in two species of female sandflies, sergentomyia ... | 2014 | 24964648 |
| attack and defense in laboratory and wild norway and black rats. | intra- and interspecific agonistic encounters in long-evans and field-trapped rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus showed a consistency in the form and character of attack and defensive behaviors. colony alpha males exhibited high levels of lateral attack, on-top, and chasing behaviors which resulted in a high percentage of bites on the intruder's back. bites directed to the back were countered by intruders through the utilization of boxing, on-back, and flight defense. these findings indicate th ... | 1982 | 24897650 |
| chikungunya antibodies detected in non-human primates and rats in three indian ocean islands after the 2006 chikv outbreak. | the role of terrestrial vertebrates in the epidemiology of chikungunya disease is poorly understood. we evaluated their exposure and amplification role during the 2006 chikungunya outbreak in the indian ocean. blood samples were collected from 18 mammalian and reptile species from reunion island, mauritius and mayotte. among the 1051 samples serologically tested for chikungunya virus (chikv), two crab-eating macaques (macaca fascicularis) and two ship rats (rattus rattus) proved to be exposed to ... | 2014 | 24885529 |
| factors associated with the prevalence and pathology of calodium hepaticum and c. splenaecum in periurban micromammals. | calodium hepaticum (syn. capillaria hepatica) and calodium splenaecum (syn. capillaria splenaecum) are nematodes that infect the liver and spleen, respectively, of mammals. while the host range, distribution, pathology and zoonotic potential of c. hepaticum are well known, very little is known about c. splenaecum. the observed prevalence of these two parasites, the factors associated with prevalence, and the lesions resulting in the different host species were studied in 408 micromammals capture ... | 2014 | 24879015 |
| occurrence of ectoparasitic arthropods associated with rodents in hail region northern saudi arabia. | ectoparasitic arthropods are a diverse element of the saudi fauna. due to this, a survey of ectoparasites associated with rodents was conducted as a preliminary study in five districts of hail region of northern saudi arabia for the first time. ectoparasites extracted from 750 rodents were sampled and identified by recording their frequency of appearance. results revealed that 1,287 ectoparasites infested 316 of the captured rodent hosts. these ectoparasites parasitized on four species of rodent ... | 2014 | 24838257 |
| will climate change, genetic and demographic variation or rat predation pose the greatest risk for persistence of an altitudinally distributed island endemic? | species endemic to mountains on oceanic islands are subject to a number of existing threats (in particular, invasive species) along with the impacts of a rapidly changing climate. the lord howe island endemic palm hedyscepe canterburyana is restricted to two mountains above 300 m altitude. predation by the introduced black rat (rattus rattus) is known to significantly reduce seedling recruitment. we examined the variation in hedyscepe in terms of genetic variation, morphology, reproductive outpu ... | 2012 | 24832517 |
| highly diverse morbillivirus-related paramyxoviruses in wild fauna of the southwestern indian ocean islands: evidence of exchange between introduced and endemic small mammals. | the paramyxoviridae form an increasingly diverse viral family, infecting a wide variety of different hosts. in recent years, they have been linked to disease emergence in many different animal populations and in humans. bats and rodents have been identified as major animal populations capable of harboring paramyxoviruses, and host shifting between these animals is likely to be an important driving factor in the underlying evolutionary processes that eventually lead to disease emergence. here, we ... | 2014 | 24829336 |
| a quantitative ethnozoological assessment of traditionally used animal-based therapies in the tropical island of mauritius. | there is currently a dearth of documentation on the use of animal-based therapies (abt) in mauritius. this study was therefore designed to gather primary folk knowledge on the different abt used by mauritians. failure to document such knowledge can results in losses in both the use of such remedies and in the scientific documentation of the cultural traditions of animals used in the treatment and/or management of human diseases. the aim of the study is to collect, analyze, document and dissemina ... | 2014 | 24824877 |
| ecology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in sinai: linking parasites, vectors and hosts. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a neglected clinical form of public health importance that is quite prevalent in the northern and eastern parts of egypt. a comprehensive study over seven years (january 2005-december 2011) was conducted to track cl transmission with respect to both sandfly vectors and animal reservoirs. the study identified six sandfly species collected from different districts in north sinai: phlebotomus papatasi, phlebotomus kazeruni, phlebotomus sergenti, phlebotomus alexandri ... | 2014 | 24821060 |
| capillaria hepatica in wild norway rats (rattus norvegicus) from vancouver, canada. | capillaria hepatica is a parasitic nematode that infects the liver of rats (rattus spp.), and occasionally other mammalian species, including humans. despite its broad geographic distribution and host range, the ecology of this parasite remains poorly understood. we characterized the ecology of c. hepatica in urban norway rats (rattus norvegicus) in vancouver, canada. the overall prevalence of c. hepatica among norway rats was 36% (241/671); however, there was significant variation in prevalence ... | 2014 | 24807174 |
| role of wildlife in the epidemiology of leishmania infantum infection in europe. | although dogs are considered the main reservoir of leishmania infantum infection in endemic areas in europe, the existence of other wild vertebrate reservoirs has been proposed as a possible cause of the lack of success of control measures. evidence of l. infantum infection in european wildlife has been reported in carnivores, lagomorphs, and rodents. the red fox (vulpes vulpes) received most attention, probably due to its taxonomic relationship with the dog and because it is the most abundant w ... | 2014 | 24804923 |
| [cockroaches and co. the role of health pests as allergen source]. | in most of the cases health pests are carriers of pathogens or parasites which have a negative impact on human health or affect the health of other mammals. what is lesser known is that they can also act as allergens. most of the health pests in this sense belong to the arthropods, such as cockroaches (blattaria), mosquitos (culiciformia), lice (pediculus humanus corporis), fleas (siphonaptera) and ticks (argasidae). in the group of vertebrates rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus), house m ... | 2014 | 24781916 |
| [strategies for sustainable management of commensal rodents. definitions of control objectives at communal level]. | the german act on the prevention and control of infectious diseases in man (infektionsschutzgesetz, ifsg) provides a legal framework for activities and responsibilities concerning communal rodent control. however, actual governance of communal rodent control is relatively heterogeneous, as federal states (bundesländer) have different or even no regulations for prevention and management of commensal rodent infestations (e.g. brown rats, roof rats and house mice). control targets and control requi ... | 2014 | 24781906 |
| how important are seabirds in the diet of black rats on islands with a superpredator? | this study assessed the impact of introduced black rats (rattus rattus) on cory's shearwater (calonectris diomedea borealis) in a multi-invaded insular ecosystem where rats are mesopredators. we hypothesized that black rats should have little impact on cory's shearwaters in the presence of cats as superpredators. stomach contents and stable isotope analysis (sia) in tissues of black rats were analyzed to assess the trophic ecology and the importance of cory's shearwater in their diet. we also st ... | 2014 | 24726532 |
| eradications as scientific experiments: progress in simultaneous eradications of two major invasive taxa from a mediterranean island. | black rats, rattus rattus, and mat-forming iceplants, carpobrotus aff. acinaciformis and carpobrotus edulis, are pervasive pests on mediterranean islands. their cumulative impacts on native biotas alter the functioning of island ecosystems and threaten biodiversity. a report is given here of the first attempt to eradicate both taxa from a protected nature reserve in south-eastern france (bagaud island). in order to minimise unwanted hazardous outcomes and produce scientific knowledge, the operat ... | 2015 | 24687625 |
| identification of risk factors for plague in the west nile region of uganda. | plague is an often fatal, primarily flea-borne rodent-associated zoonosis caused by yersinia pestis. we sought to identify risk factors for plague by comparing villages with and without a history of human plague cases within a model-defined plague focus in the west nile region of uganda. although rat (rattus rattus) abundance was similar inside huts within case and control villages, contact rates between rats and humans (as measured by reported rat bites) and host-seeking flea loads were higher ... | 2014 | 24686743 |
| survey of cardiovascular pathology in wild urban rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus. | norway (rattus norvegicus) and black rats (rattus rattus) are common commensal pests, yet little is known about the ecology of wild rats, including their natural diseases. we describe microscopic cardiovascular pathology in a subset of a sample of 725 wild urban rats. changes observed in the pulmonary blood vessels (n = 199) included arteriolar medial hypertrophy (20.1%, n = 40) and blood vessel mineralization (19.1%, n = 38). microscopic changes in the heart (n = 200) included myocarditis (33.5 ... | 2015 | 24686390 |
| the characteristics of wild rat (rattus spp.) populations from an inner-city neighborhood with a focus on factors critical to the understanding of rat-associated zoonoses. | norway and black rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus) are among the most ubiquitous urban wildlife species and are the source of a number of zoonotic diseases responsible for significant human morbidity and mortality in cities around the world. rodent ecology is a primary determinant of the dynamics of zoonotic pathogens in rodent populations and the risk of pathogen transmission to people, yet many studies of rat-associated zoonoses do not account for the ecological characteristics of urb ... | 2014 | 24646877 |
| rat hepatitis e virus derived from wild rats (rattus rattus) propagates efficiently in human hepatoma cell lines. | although rat hepatitis e virus (hev) has been identified in wild rats, no cell culture systems for this virus have been established. a recent report suggesting the presence of antibodies against rat hev in human sera encouraged us to cultivate rat hev in human cells. when liver homogenates obtained from wild rats (rattus rattus) in indonesia were inoculated onto human hepatocarcinoma cells, the rat hev replicated efficiently in plc/prf/5, huh-7 and hepg2 cells, irrespective of its genetic group ... | 2014 | 24631787 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii by pcr and mouse bioassay in rodents of ahvaz district, southwestern iran. | toxoplasma gondii is obligate coccidian zoonotic parasite. felidae family is definitive and wide ranges of warm-blooded vertebrates are intermediate hosts for the parasite. rodents are measured as an important source of t. gondii infection for the definitive host. thus, this study aimed to investigate toxoplasm infection in rodents of ahvaz district, southwest of iran. a total of 100 rodents (73 rattus norvegicus, 21 rattus rattus, and 6 mus musculus) were collected and studied by gra6pcr and mo ... | 2014 | 24605327 |
| camera trapping: a contemporary approach to monitoring invasive rodents in high conservation priority ecosystems. | invasive rodent species have established on 80% of the world's islands causing significant damage to island environments. insular ecosystems support proportionally more biodiversity than comparative mainland areas, highlighting them as critical for global biodiversity conservation. few techniques currently exist to adequately detect, with high confidence, species that are trap-adverse such as the black rat, rattus rattus, in high conservation priority areas where multiple non-target species pers ... | 2014 | 24599307 |
| bartonella species in invasive rats and indigenous rodents from uganda. | the presence of bartonellae in invasive rats (rattus rattus) and indigenous rodents (arvicanthis niloticus and cricetomys gambianus) from two districts in uganda, arua and zombo, was examined by pcr detection and culture. blood from a total of 228 r. rattus, 31 a. niloticus, and 5 c. gambianus was screened using genus-specific primers targeting the 16s-23s intergenic spacer region. furthermore, rodent blood was plated on brain heart infusion blood agar, and isolates were verified as bartonella s ... | 2014 | 24575846 |
| anjozorobe hantavirus, a new genetic variant of thailand virus detected in rodents from madagascar. | until now, there was only serological evidence that hantaviruses were circulating in rodents and infecting humans from madagascar. to assess the presence of a hantavirus on the island, between october, 2008, and march, 2010, we sampled 585 rodents belonging to seven species in the anjozorobe-angavo forest corridor, 70 km north from the capital city antananarivo. a hantavirus was detected from organs of the ubiquist roof rat (rattus rattus) and of the endemic major's tufted-tailed rat (eliurus ma ... | 2014 | 24575755 |
| bacteria isolated from conspecific bite wounds in norway and black rats: implications for rat bite-associated infections in people. | bites associated with wild and domestic norway and black rats (rattus norvegicus and rattus rattus) may have a variety of health consequences in people. bite-related infections are among the most significant of these consequences; however, there is little data on the infectious agents that can be transmitted from rats to people through biting. this is problematic because without an accurate understanding of bite-related infection risks, it is difficult for health professionals to evaluate the ad ... | 2014 | 24528094 |
| potential of eucalyptus oil as repellent against house rat, rattus rattus. | rodent repellents are chemicals which by taste or odour or possibly by both will prevent animal from feeding or gnawing. such substances may be used in protecting an area from rodent infestation or in protecting packaged food, packing materials, electric cables, and other important vulnerable materials. mature and healthy house rat, rattus rattus of both sexes, was exposed to 5, 10, and 20% eucalyptus oil applied as spray in laboratory pens in bichoice tests. each concentration was applied throu ... | 2014 | 24523633 |
| modifying the victor® easy set® rat trap to improve the animal welfare of stoats and ship rats trapped in new zealand. | stoats (mustela erminea) and ship rats (rattus rattus) in new zealand are targeted by trapping to mitigate their predation on native wildlife. internationally recognized guidelines for assessing the effectiveness and welfare performance of kill traps are supported by new zealand legislation under the animal welfare act 1999. the victor® easy set® rat trap was tested and passed a similar standard for killing short-tailed weasels in canada but failed for stoats when tested in new zealand in 2002 ( ... | 2014 | 24505264 |
| positive co-occurrence of flea infestation at a low biological cost in two rodent hosts in the canary archipelago. | non-random assemblages have been described as a common pattern of flea co-occurrence across mainland host species. however, to date, patterns of flea co-occurrence on islands are unknown. the present work investigates, on one hand, whether the decrease in the number of species on islands affects the pattern of flea co-occurrence, and on the other hand, how the cost of higher flea burdens affects host body mass. the study was carried out in the canary islands (spain) using null models to analyse ... | 2014 | 24476922 |
| household characteristics associated with rodent presence and leptospira infection in rural and urban communities from southern chile. | rodents are well-recognized reservoirs of leptospira, contributing to its maintenance in endemic areas and playing a role in the public health risk associated with the infection. this study sought to provide some insights into rodent populations from chile and their leptospira carriage. in total, 393 rodents were trapped in 177 households. higher rodent counts were associated with year 2 of the study, rainfall, and number of rodent signs. there was an inverse correlation with the number of cats. ... | 2014 | 24445209 |
| high prevalence of rickettsia typhi and bartonella species in rats and fleas, kisangani, democratic republic of the congo. | the prevalence and identity of rickettsia and bartonella in urban rat and flea populations were evaluated in kisangani, democratic republic of the congo (drc) by molecular tools. an overall prevalence of 17% bartonella species and 13% rickettsia typhi, the agent of murine typhus, was found in the cosmopolitan rat species, rattus rattus and rattus norvegicus that were infested by a majority of xenopsylla cheopis fleas. bartonella queenslandensis, bartonella elizabethae, and three bartonella genot ... | 2014 | 24445202 |
| effectiveness of rodenticides for managing invasive roof rats and native deer mice in orchards. | roof rats (rattus rattus) and deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are occasional pests of nut and tree fruit orchards throughout california and in many other parts of the usa and beyond. in general, the most practical and cost-effective control method for rodents in many agricultural environments is the use of rodenticides (toxic baits), but little or no information exists on the efficacy of current rodenticides in controlling roof rats and deer mice in orchards. therefore, our goals were to deve ... | 2014 | 24443051 |
| fragmented mitochondrial genomes of the rat lice, polyplax asiatica and polyplax spinulosa: intra-genus variation in fragmentation pattern and a possible link between the extent of fragmentation and the length of life cycle. | blood-sucking lice (suborder anoplura) parasitize eutherian mammals with 67% of the 540 described species found on rodents. the five species of blood-sucking lice that infest humans and pigs have fragmented mitochondrial genomes and differ substantially in the extent of fragmentation. to understand whether, or not, any life-history factors are linked to such variation, we sequenced the mt genomes of polyplax asiatica and polyplax spinulosa, collected from the greater bandicoot rat, bandicota ind ... | 2014 | 24438034 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections in rodents of tarai region of uttarakhand. | the present work was aimed to investigate helminth biodiversity among rodents in order to evaluate the threat for helminth transmission to humans since they act as a potential source of parasitic zoonoses. in this study, faeces of 43 black rats (rattus rattus) and 35 house mice (mus musculus) were collected from various habitats viz. domestic places and agricultural fields of different parts of tarai region of uttarakhand. these faecal samples were examined for the presence of parasitic eggs, ad ... | 2013 | 24431566 |
| competitive naïveté between a highly successful invader and a functionally similar native species. | naïveté can occur within any novel antagonistic interaction, and competitive forces play a fundamental role in shaping community structure, yet competitive naïveté has received very little attention in the literature to date. naïveté towards a novel competitor is unlikely to result in immediate mortality, but could potentially affect access to resources and hence population growth and survival. in cases where only one species (either native or alien) remains naïve to the other, the species that ... | 2014 | 24390480 |
| [liver capillariasis (calodium hepaticum) in rodents from ituri (drc) and dakar (senegal)]. | human hepatic capillariosis due to calodium hepaticum is rarely described in africa, probably because of the lack of diagnosis tools. however, it is known that the animal reservoir is made up of rodents. during a study performed on 24 black rats (rattus rattus) trapped in rethy (congodr) and 20 gambian pouched rats (cricetomys gambianus) in dakar (senegal), macroscopic and histological hepatic lesions of capillariosis were found in 8 of these rodents (3 in rethy and 5 in dakar). these results le ... | 2014 | 24363019 |
| carriage of clostridium difficile by wild urban norway rats (rattus norvegicus) and black rats (rattus rattus). | clostridium difficile is an important cause of enteric infections in humans. recently, concerns have been raised regarding whether animals could be a source of c. difficile spores. although colonization has been identified in a number of domestic species, the ability of commensal pests to serve as a reservoir for c. difficile has not been well investigated. the objective of this study was to determine whether urban rats (rattus spp.) from vancouver, canada, carry c. difficile. clostridium diffic ... | 2014 | 24317079 |
| trypanosoma (megatrypanum) lainsoni n. sp. from mesomys hispidus (rodentia: echimyidae) in brazil: trypomastigotes described from experimentally infected laboratory mice. | we report the detection, isolation and description of trypanosoma (megatrypanum) lainsoni n. sp. from a caviomorph rodent, mesomys hispidus (rodentia: echimyidae), obtained in the rio negro region of the state of amazonas, in northern brazil. laboratory-bred white mice (mus musculus) and rats (rattus rattus) were inoculated with large numbers of culture forms by intraperitoneal route, and trypomastigotes appeared in their blood 3-8 days post-inoculation. one single epimastigote was also found in ... | 2013 | 24309069 |
| epidemiology of leishmania infantum, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum in rattus rattus in absence of domestic reservoir and definitive hosts. | isolated environments are privileged settings to study transmission of infection. montecristo is a small island where no wild or domestic carnivores are present. invasive black rats rattus rattus (n=78) were captured and tested by pcr for leishmania infantum, toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum. we wanted to test, for these parasites, the existence of a sylvatic cycle independent of reservoir or definitive hosts. none of the rats tested positive by pcr for either t. gondii or n. caninum. we r ... | 2014 | 24295953 |
| chemical ecology of canarian laurel forest: toxic diterpenes frompersea indica (lauraceae). | the tree speciesp. indica (lauraceae) is an important endemism in the canary islands laurel forest and can readily be distinguished by its defoliated appearance due to the seasonal action of wild rats (rattus rattus), which eat the plant and become intoxicated. these observations and the phytochemical interest of this plant species led us to study the potentially toxic chemicals responsible for such action. we found that an ethanolic extract ofp. indica and its water fraction were toxic when inj ... | 1990 | 24264325 |
| monthly abundance of rodent and their ectoparasites in newly settled areas, east of lakes, ismailia governorate, egypt. | rodents and their ectoparasites were studied inside and outside houses in the newly settled areas, east of lakes, ismailia governorate, egypt. forty traps per month in each of the two sides were used for collecting rodent during 2009. from 221 rodent were collected from inside houses; mus musculus n=115 (52.04%), rattus rattus. frugivorous n=54 (24.43%), r. r. alexandrinus n=40 (18.10%) and r. norvegicus n=12 (5.43%). from 177 rodent were collected from outside houses; m musculus n=4 (2.3%), r. ... | 2013 | 24260816 |
| understanding the persistence of plague foci in madagascar. | plague, a zoonosis caused by yersinia pestis, is still found in africa, asia, and the americas. madagascar reports almost one third of the cases worldwide. y. pestis can be encountered in three very different types of foci: urban, rural, and sylvatic. flea vector and wild rodent host population dynamics are tightly correlated with modulation of climatic conditions, an association that could be crucial for both the maintenance of foci and human plague epidemics. the black rat rattus rattus, the m ... | 2013 | 24244760 |
| marked genomic heterogeneity of rat hepatitis e virus strains in indonesia demonstrated on a full-length genome analysis. | rat hepatitis e virus (hev) strains have recently been isolated in several areas of germany, vietnam, the united states, indonesia and china. however, genetic information regarding these rat hev strains is limited. a total of 369 wild rats (rattus rattus) captured in central java (solo) and on lombok island, indonesia were tested for the presence of rat hev-specific antibodies and rna. overall, 137 rats (37.1%) tested positive for rat anti-hev antibodies, while 97 (26.3%) had rat hev rna detecta ... | 2014 | 24231359 |
| evolutionary history of rat-borne bartonella: the importance of commensal rats in the dissemination of bacterial infections globally. | emerging pathogens that originate from invasive species have caused numerous significant epidemics. some bacteria of genus bartonella are rodent-borne pathogens that can cause disease in humans and animals alike. we analyzed glta sequences of 191 strains of rat-associated bartonellae from 29 rodent species from 17 countries to test the hypotheses that this bacterial complex evolved and diversified in southeast asia before being disseminated by commensal rats rattus rattus (black rat) and rattus ... | 2013 | 24223261 |
| differential population responses of native and alien rodents to an invasive predator, habitat alteration and plant masting. | invasive species and anthropogenic habitat alteration are major drivers of biodiversity loss. when multiple invasive species occupy different trophic levels, removing an invasive predator might cause unexpected outcomes owing to complex interactions among native and non-native prey. moreover, external factors such as habitat alteration and resource availability can affect such dynamics. we hypothesized that native and non-native prey respond differently to an invasive predator, habitat alteratio ... | 2013 | 24197409 |
| ear mange mites (notoedres muris) in black and norway rats (rattus rattus and rattus norvegicus) from inner-city vancouver, canada. | the ear mange mite, notoedres muris (astigmata: sarcoptidae), is a parasitic burrowing mite of black and norway rats (rattus rattus and rattus norvegicus), which causes a proliferative dermatitis primarily affecting the ears. we characterize the ecology of n. muris in a group of black and norway rats trapped in an inner-city area of vancouver, canada. rats (n = 725) were trapped for 1 yr (september 2011-august 2012) in 43 city blocks (0.82 km(2)) and one property (0.03 km(2)) within an internati ... | 2014 | 24171578 |
| on the biology of spiruroidea parasites of murine rodents on el hierro (canary islands, spain) with molecular characterization of streptopharagus greenbergi wertheim, 1993. | this paper reports the role of darkling beetles pimelia laevigata costipennis and hegeter amaroides (tenebrionidae) as intermediate hosts of spiruroid nematodes parasites of the black rat and house mouse of el hierro (canary islands). larvae of spiruroid species were found in the two tenebrionids (18.1% in p. l. costipennis, 7.8% in h. amaroides), streptopharagus greenbergi being predominant in both (16.1% and 7.1%, respectively), ahead of mastophorus muris and gongylonema type larva. the larval ... | 2013 | 24161241 |
| rats and seabirds: effects of egg size on predation risk and the potential of conditioned taste aversion as a mitigation method. | seabirds nesting on islands are threatened by invasive rodents, such as mice and rats, which may attack eggs, chicks and even adults. the low feasibility of rat eradications on many islands makes the development of alternate control plans necessary. we used a combination of field experiments on a mediterranean island invaded by black rats (rattusrattus) to evaluate (1) the predation risk posed to different-sized seabird eggs and (2), the potential of two deterrent methods (electronic and chemica ... | 2013 | 24058712 |
| a new set of primers directed to 18s rrna gene for molecular identification of cryptosporidium spp. and their performance in the detection and differentiation of oocysts shed by synanthropic rodents. | cryptosporidium spp. are cosmopolitan protozoa that infect fishes, reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals. more than 20 species are recognized within this genus. rodents are a group of abundant and ubiquitous organisms that have been considered reservoirs of cryptosporidium for humans and livestock. the aim of this study was to design specific primers for the gene encoding 18s rrna, potentially capable of amplifying any species or genotype of cryptosporidium spp. and evaluate the diagnostic att ... | 2013 | 24036321 |
| potential of triptolide in reproductive management of the house rat, rattus rattus. | mature and healthy male house rats, rattus rattus (n= 160) were fed on bait (cracked wheat: powdered sugar, 98:2) containing different concentrations of triptolide (0.1, 0.05, 0.025 and 0%) for 7 and 14 days in no-choice and bi-choice feeding tests in the laboratory. the objective of the study was to record the antifertility affects of triptolide after 30 and 60 days of termination of treatment. results revealed no significant effect of triptolide treatment on weights of testis, epididymis, semi ... | 2013 | 24020465 |
| [study of the therapeutic activity of nocodazole on experimental models of larval alveococcosis]. | the therapeutic activity of parenteral nocodazole was studied on four larval alveococcosis models: golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus), djungarian hamsters (phodopus sungorus campbelli thomas), albino rats (rattus rattus albus), and cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) at the late stage of e. multilocularis invasion. the agent (aqueous suspension) was intraperitoneally, intramuscularly, and subcutaneously injected in daily doses of 0.125-0.5 g/kg as 1-8 injections. mebendazole was the drug of comp ... | 2013 | 24003517 |
| infection levels of intestinal helminths in two commensal rodent species from rural households in yucatan, mexico. | the aim of the present study was to calculate the prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminths in the house mouse (mus musculus) and the black rat (rattus rattus) trapped in rural households of yucatan, mexico. sampling was conducted during the rainy season from october to december 2011 and the dry season from january to march 2012. a total of 154 m. musculus and 46 r. rattus were examined, with 84.2% of m. musculus being infected with helminths compared with a significantly lower prevalence ... | 2015 | 24000977 |
| morphometrical and genetic comparison of two nematode species: h. spumosa and h. dahomensis (nematoda, heterakidae). | heterakis is a genus of parasitic nematodes, the majority of which are found in ground-feeding birds and only rarely in mammals. the best-known species is heterakis spumosa, a parasite associated with the cosmopolitan invasive rodent rattus rattus of asiatic origin. heterakis dahomensis was described in 1911 as a parasite of the gambian giant rat (cricetomys gambianus) from benin (africa), subsequently synonymized to h. spumosa by hall (1916). the study of helminths in african rodents is scarce ... | 2013 | 23990438 |
| efficiency of barley bran and oat bran in ameliorating blood lipid profile and the adverse histological changes in hypercholesterolemic male rats. | the efficiency of oat bran and barley bran in lowering the induced hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in blood of male albino rats (rattus rattus) was studied. twenty rats were divided into four groups each consisted of five rats and fed the specified test diets for eight weeks. the first group (g1) is the negative group which was fed basal diet, the second group (g2) was fed 1.0% cholesterol, was the third group (g3) fed 1.0% cholesterol and 10% oats bran, and the fourth group (g4) was fed ... | 2013 | 23984330 |