| a review of possible mechanisms of action of the antirheumatic drug, alclofenac. | a number and variety of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the primary mechanism of action of the antirheumatic drugs. a critical review is made of the biochemical and pharmacological parameters which, on current evidence, parallel the clinical activity of the drugs. the numerous chemical mediators of the inflammatory response are discussed, as is the possible role of endoenous anti-inflammatory substances. particular attention is paid to the plasma protein-binding effects of antirheumatic ... | 1975 | 241594 |
| chicken (gallus gallus) hemolytic complement: optimal conditions for its titration. | the effect of ph, ionic strength, cation concentration, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt (na3edta), time and temperature were studied to determine the optimal conditions for titrating the hemolytic complement (c) activity in sera of chicken (gallus gallus). swine erythrocytes (e) sensitized with rabbit antibodies were the most sensitive, while chicken serum had a smaller amount of "natural" antibody against them than against red blood cells from other five species tested. the highe ... | 1975 | 241720 |
| eac4 and eac14 production without purified ci. | eac4 and eac14 of high activity were prepared by treating sensitized red cells with human or guinea pig serum in the presence of ttha, a chelating agent whid at low ph to maximize c1 and c4 activity and to minimize c3 contamination. cells prepared with guinea pig complement were contaminated with c2, which could be decayed away at 37 degrees c. cells sensitized with igg antibody were more reactive than those sensitized with whole serum or with igm, and preparations made with ttha-complement were ... | 1975 | 241767 |
| [effect of potato starch on the level of volatile fatty acids and ammonia in sheep's rumen]. | two experiments were performed on adult sheep, which were given intraruminally potato starch in a single dose of 1500 g and in gradually increasing doses. the effect of starch on the level of volatile fatty acids, ammonia and the ph value was studied. in the rumen content, the level of ph slightly decreased and that of volatile fatty acids increased. ammonia level decreased after starch administration. no lactic acid was found in the rumen content. | 1975 | 241977 |
| the effect of feeding whole or pelleted barley to lambs on their rumen bacterial populations and ph. | | 1975 | 242010 |
| the composition and flow of parotid saliva during acute hyperkalaemia in sodium-deficient sheep. | sheep were infused intravenously with 0-43 m-kcl at 2 ml/min for 2 hr while they were either sodium-replete or sodium-deficient after the unilateral loss of parotid saliva for 18 hr or 3 days. salivary flow was depressed during potassium infusion and the flow rates observed at maximum hyperkalaemia were similar in all three states of sodium balance despite the large differences in flow rate before potassium infusion. the fall in salivary na/k ratio during potassium administration was diphasic, t ... | 1975 | 242035 |
| [study of the enzyme activity of serum cystine aminopeptidase in man and animals in relation to the ph of the medium]. | the authors studied the splitting dynamics of the synthetic chromogenic substrate (s-benzyl-l-cysteine-p-nitroanilide) specific of serum cystine aminopeptidase, depending on a wide range of ph (from 2.5 to 8.0) by means of an enzymatic serum system of pregnant women and selected animals (sheep, cows, sewer-rats), compared with non-pregnant controls. examining the form of the enzymatic activity curves of the enzymatic system of women's and animal serum in dependence on ph, the authors revealed a ... | 1975 | 242112 |
| prediction of fertility in rams: factors affecting fertility, and collection, testing, and evaluation of semen. | | 1977 | 242888 |
| atypical rabies in a flock of ewes. | | 1977 | 243337 |
| the mitotic activity of blood monocytes cultured in autologous wound fluid. | wound fluid was obtained from the subcutaneous tissue of sheep by implanting a perforated teflon sampling chamber. a catheter from this chamber was brought to the surface. the types and numbers of cells in this fluid were recorded. cell free fluid was used at either 100% concentration, or 25% concentration in plasma, as a medium for the culture of autologous blood monocytes. its ability to support mitosis was compared with that of 100% autologous plasma. wound fluids taken upon consecutive post- ... | 1977 | 243920 |
| the role of the autonomic nervous system in the depression of parotid salivary secretion during hyperkalaemia in conscious sheep. | the rate of flow and electrolyte concentration of parotid saliva were measured before, during and after intravenous and contralateral intracarotid infusion of kcl (0.5 mol.1(-1)) and nacl (0.5 mol.1(-1)) at 385-625 mumol. min(-1) for 40 min into 5 sheep. in intact conscious sheep contralateral intracarotid infusion of kcl caused marked depression of salivary secretion in all experiments whereas infusion of nacl had no consistent effect on flow. intravenous infusion of kcl into the intact conscio ... | 1977 | 243921 |
| listeriosis in sheep. | | 1977 | 244162 |
| post prandial changes in parotid salivary secretion and plasma osmolality and the effects of intravenous of saline solutions. | | 1978 | 244359 |
| the effects of reducing dietary nitrogen and of increasing sodium chloride intake on urea excretion and reabsorption and on urine osmolality in sheep. | renal responses to reducing dietary nitrogen were studied in four ewes during intravenous infusion of arginine vasopressin. the fall in urea excretion and in plasma urea concentration was accompanied by significant reduction in gfr and in urine osmolality. the fraction of filtered urea reabsorbed increased despite reduction in the urea u/p concentration ratio and this increase was sustained when the urea u/p ratio was further reduced at higher urine flows observed when the drinking water was rep ... | 1978 | 244364 |
| the effects of urea infusion on glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in sheep fed low and high protein diets. | reducing the dietary n intake of sheep resulted in a significant fall in gfr with no change in rpf. intravenous of urea for 19-46 h had no effect on the high protein diet but on the low protein diet gfr and ff were increased to values approaching those observed on the high protein diet. on the low protein diet gfr was unaffected by infusion of urea for 4 h or of saline alone for 30 h. it is suggested that the observed changes in gfr are associated with changes in the quantity of protein passing ... | 1978 | 244365 |
| factors affecting the survival of sheep embryos during-freezing and thawing. | the survival of sheep morulae and early blastocysts after deep freezing has been investigated. with a dimethyl sulphoxide concentration of 1.5 m in a phosphate-buffered saline medium, a freezing rate of 1 degreees c/min down to 120 degees c allowed embryos to survival only if rapid thawing (approximately 360 degrees c/min) was employed, whereas with a freezing rate of 0.3 degrees c/min, survival was obtained with both rapid and slow (10 degrees c or 4 degrees c/min) thawing. with even slower fre ... | 1977 | 244394 |
| frozen storage of embryos of farm animals: progress and implications. | | 1977 | 244396 |
| the electrophoretic mobilities of 5-dimethylaminoaphthalene-1-suphonyl-glycopeptides and their relation molecular weight. | the relationship between the electrophoretic mobility at ph2.1 of dansyl-glycopeptides of known composition and their molecular weight is shown to conform with a model equation previously derived for peptides. a dansyl-glycopeptide prepared from hen's-egg ovotransferrin is degraded sequentially with two glycosidases. the molecular weight of each glycopeptide intermediate formed is determined from its electrophoretic mobility. from successive molecular-weight changes, the number and type of sugar ... | 1975 | 239681 |
| systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic responses to adrenergic and cholinergic agonists during fetal development. | systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic responses to adrenergic and cholinergic agonists were investigated in fetal lambs between 60 days and term gestation. the cardiovascular response to these agents increases with fetal age, and the increase is related to maturation of the effector system rather than the vascular receptors. the fetal pulmonary vascular bed and the ductus arteriosus are the primary components responding to acetylcholine; the systemic response is secondary to the occuring in the lun ... | 1975 | 240447 |
| water transport response of toad bladder to prolactin. | | 1975 | 240570 |
| physical and physiological properties of dry lung surfactant. | | 1978 | 244773 |
| chronic lead poisoning (chronic plumbism) in a ewe. | | 1977 | 245213 |
| progesterone and oestrogen in pregnancy and parturition: comparative aspects and hierarchical control. | the different ways in which the progesterone requirements of pregnancy are met in various species are reviewed here. progesterone production expressed in terms of metabolic body weight lies within about one order of magnitude in several species (but not in the rat), whether the hormone is predominantly ovarian or placental in origin. parturition is usually preceded by a decrease in the plasma concentration of progesterone and the evidence which suggests that a decrease in secretion involves enzy ... | 1977 | 246390 |
| dilatation of the uterine cervix. | dilatation of the cervix at parturition necessitates changes in the physical characteristics of cervical collagen and glycosaminoglycans which are probably hormone-dependent. the infusion of prostaglandin f2alpha (pgf2alpha) into the arterial blood supply to uterus and cervix of sheep pregnant for about 125 days resulted in cervical dilatation after 24 hours but this response was inconsistent; one factor affecting the response appeared to be the progesterone status, low circulating progesterone ... | 1977 | 246393 |
| the fetus and birth. general discussion: ultrastructure of the sheep placenta. | | 1977 | 246397 |
| the influence of parathyroidectomy upon calcium and phosphate homeostasis in adult sheep. | the absorption and secretion of ca and po4 were measured with the use of radioactive isotopes in 4 adult sheep before and after parathyroidectomy. secretion of ca and po4 into the stomach and intestines was measured separately. parathyroidectomy resulted in a negative balance for ca and po4 and an accompanying fall in plasma ca and po4 concentrations. in the case of po4 this response was attributed primarily to a reduced intestinal absorption, but for ca increases in urinary excretion and intest ... | 1978 | 247531 |
| the effects of two analogues of arginine-vasopressin (ornithine-vasopressin and desamino-d-arginine-vasopressin) on kidney function in sheep. | the effects of intravenous infusion of ornithine-vasopressin (ovp) and desamino-d-arginine-vasopressin (ddavp) were studied in normal and hydrated merino sheep. in normal sheep, ovp resulted in a diuresis, increased urinary sodium and potassium excretion, and a fall in the plasma potassium concentration. renal plasma flow remained constant but glomerular filtration rate and filtration fraction rose markedly. ddavp in normal sheep was antidiuretic, but its only significant effect was a small decr ... | 1978 | 247535 |
| acute cold exposure and the metabolism of glucose and some of its precursors in the liver of the fed and fasted sheep. | measurements of total body oxygen consumption, visceral and hepatic blood flow, oxygen consumption, exchanges of amino acids, lactate, pyruvate and glucose were made on sheep fed 3--6 h or 21 h before the experiment and exposed for 3 h to a neutral environment (15 degrees c) or a cold environment (0.5 to 4 degrees c with clipped coat and wind speed 2 m.s-1). recent feeding significantly increasedd the total oxygen consumption and the oxygen consumption of the viscera and liver. no general releas ... | 1978 | 247536 |
| how vascular smooth muscle works. | electrical recordings made from vascular smooth muscle during the last 15 years make it clear that the role of electrical activity in controlling contraction is often important but varies greatly both between different vessels and for different responses of a given vessel. only a few mammalian vessels have widely conducted electrical activity, but others can develop this activity, with consequent rhythmical contraction, when made anoxic and stimulated. action potentials play a part in smooth non ... | 1978 | 248321 |
| transplanting and deep-freezing cows' eggs. | | 1978 | 249498 |
| pituitary stalk-section and some of its effects on endocrine function in the fetal lamb. | a detailed description is given of a method to section the pituitary stalk of the fetal lamb after 105 days gestational age. the approach to the stalk is made through a window in the frontal bone. in order to prevent regeneration of the hypothalamo-pituitary connections a silicone plate is introduced through the probe used to fracture the stalk. the surgical outcome and viability of 11 pituitary stalk sectioned fetuses is described over periods of up to 23 days. the presence of pituitary infarct ... | 1978 | 250110 |
| cysticercus tenuicollis (taenia hydatigena) in the urinary bladder of a sheep. | | 1978 | 250339 |
| the milk--fever syndrome: a practitioner's use of the clinical laboratory as an aid in management. | | 1978 | 251000 |
| the effects of antidiuretic hormone on urine flow and composition in the chronically-cannulated ovine fetus. | the fetuses of nine pregnant ewes were chronically cannulated between 86 and 130 days with cannulae in one carotid artery, one jugular vein, the fetal bladder and the amniotic cavity. the effects of infused avp on fetal urine flow rate and composition were studied. a dose of 35 pmol. h-1 always caused an increase in urine osmolality and a decrease in flow rate and free water clearance without change in blood pressure. higher doses (140 pmol.h-1) were significantly pressor and caused increased ex ... | 1978 | 253374 |
| the effect of intravenous hypertonic saline infusion on renal function and vasopressin excretion in sheep. | conscious merino ewes were given an intravenous hypertonic sodium chloride load of 4 mmol.min-1 for 100 min. this resulted in increases in urine flow, sodium and potassium excretion and plasma sodium concentration and osmolality. urinary vasopressin output and solute-free water reabsorption increased and plasma renin activity declined. renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate (gfr) rose, as did the solute clearance. the change in urinary osmolality was related to the initial urine osmola ... | 1978 | 253375 |
| what happens to lost sheep who go astray. | | 1979 | 254225 |
| pathogenesis and diagnosis of selenium deficiency. | | 1979 | 255011 |
| comparison of metabolic effect of ammonia and adrenaline infusions in sheep. | intravenous infusions of ammonium chloride (62.3 mumol.kg-1.min-1) for 30 min caused a significant increase in blood glucose, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acid (ffa) levels. a similar effect was also observed during infusion of adrenaline. propanolol--a beta-receptor blocking agent--completely prevented the rise of blood pyruvate and lactate after adrenaline when 8.3 microgram.kg-1.min-1 of propranolol were infused, but not after nh4cl administration. lipolytic actions of adrenaline were com ... | 1979 | 256166 |
| effect of hyperammonaemia on blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in sheep. | the effects of continuous intravenous infusions (6 h) of ammonium chloride (5.6; 11.2; and 16.8 mumol.kg-1.min) on plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin (i.r.i.) levels were studied in three adult sheep. infusions of 5.6 and 11.2 mumol.kg-1.min elevated ammonia levels in circulating blood from 100 to 150 and 300 microgram.100 ml-1, respectively, but showed no appreciable effect on plasma glucose and i.r.i. concentrations. infusion of 16.8 mumol.kg-1.min-1 resulted in a blood ammonia concentr ... | 1979 | 256167 |
| evaluation of albendazole as a thysanosomicide in sheep. | | 1979 | 256380 |
| principal substrates of fetal metabolism: fuel and growth requirements of the ovine fetus. | in those fetuses studied, the glucose uptake by the fetus has been a major source of calories, although in all instances it has been insufficient to account for the total fuel requirements of the fetus. the glucose/oxygen quotients in different mammalian fetuses vary from about 0.5 to 0.8. glucose transport across the placenta has been altered by fetal hyperinsulinaemia and by maternal fasting. fetal hypoglycaemia is common to both conditions. however, umbilical glucose uptake increases with fet ... | 1978 | 256546 |
| evidence for fatty acid transfer across the human placenta. | lipid analysis of blood from umbilical artery and vein, experiments on artificially perfused human placentas, measurements of fetal blood triglyceride concentrations and the relative percentage of essential fatty acids in fetal adipose tissue are all consistent with the view that fatty acids cross the human placenta and that the flow to the fetus is influenced by maternal blood concentrations of free fatty acids and triglycerides. | 1978 | 256547 |
| daily changes in the curved crown-rump length of individual sheep fetuses during the last 60 days of pregnancy and effects of different levels of maternal nutrition. | a method is described by which daily changes in the curved crown-rump length (crl) of individual sheep fetuses were observed during the last 50 to 60 days of pregnancy. the mean discrepancy between the derived value for crl and the crl measured directly in eight fetuses aged between 100 and 135 days and in 12 lambs born at 143 to 150 days was 1.5 +/- 0.2 per cent (mean +/- s.e.). in adequately nourished ewes between 100 and 115 days of gestation growth rate showed a between-fetus range of 4.2 to ... | 1979 | 256627 |
| water and electrolyte excretion during the oestrous cycle in sheep. | electrolyte excretion was observed during 24 oestrous cycles in housed sheep, together with mixed salivary na/k ratio during 10 additional cycles. 1. the sharp fall in food and fluid intake at oestrus accompanied a peak of sodium excretion which changed to peak retention 3 days later, both in faeces and urine. 2. potassium excretion declined with food intake at oestrus but subsequently failed to recover to pre-oestrous levels dispite full recovery of dietary intake. 3. curiously, water intake al ... | 1979 | 256630 |
| parotid salivary flow and composition during infusion of acetylcholine and atropine into the carotid artery of conscious sodium-replete sheep. | the rate of salivary flow and the concentrations of the major electrolytes in parotid saliva and arterial plasma of conscious sodium-replete sheep were measured during resting salivary secretion and when salivary flow was either increased by intracarotid infusion of acetylcholine at 10-30 nmol. min-1 for 20 min or reduced by intracarotid infusion of atropine at 14 nmol. min-1 for 50 min. during both treatments salivary phosphate concentration was always negatively correlated with salivary flow a ... | 1979 | 256631 |
| a method for nonsurgical correction of rectal prolapse in lambs. | | 1979 | 256699 |
| sexual differentiation of the brain of the sheep: effects of prenatal implantation of androgen. film: general discussion. | | 1978 | 256831 |
| midwifery with a difference. | | 1979 | 258379 |
| inhibition by angiotensin ii of some vasopressin effects on renal function in sheep. | the effects of intravenous infusions of arginine vasopressin (avp) alone and with angiotensin ii (aii) on renal function were studied in conscious merino ewes. avp at 11.5 pmol.min-1 caused an increase in water and electrolyte output which was associated with a rise in glomerular filtration rate (gfr), solute clearance, solute-free water reabsorption and tubular sodium reabsorption. addition of aii of 100 ng.min-1 generally reversed all of these effects. the filtration fraction, which rose durin ... | 1979 | 258825 |
| sympathetic and beta-adrenergic stimulation of parotid salivary secretion in sheep. | | 1979 | 258827 |
| antiluteolytic effect of the embryo. | in several mammalian species, prostaglandin f2 alpha (pgf2 alpha) released from the uterus causes corpus luteum regression, and thereby regulates the length of the oestrous cycle or pseudopregnancy. if the animal becomes pregnant, luteal regression must be prevented since ovarian progesterone is necessary for pregnancy maintenance during at least the first one-third of pregnancy. evidence is presented that the guinea-pig conceptus produces an antiluteolytic factor which suppresses pgf2 alpha out ... | 1978 | 259041 |
| pressure sores. | | 1979 | 259488 |
| differentiation of pasteurella haemolytica biotypes a and t with growth inhibitors. | differentiation of type a and type t cultures of pasteurella haemolytica was accomplished by paper disks containing 0.3 microgram of penicillin g, which produced zones of inhibition larger than 10 mm with type a but not with type t strains. basic fuchsin (0.2 microgram/ml), brilliant green (0.005 microgram/ml), methylene blue (3.1 micrograms/ml) in brain heart infusion broth permitted the growth of type t but that of type a isolates. | 1979 | 259607 |
| ultrastructural changes in the placenta of the ewe after long-term intravascular infusion of 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (cb154) into mother or fetus. | the fine structural appearance of the placenta of the ewe has been examined following long-term infusion of cb154 into either the fetus or the pregnant ewe. binucleate cells which usually contain aggregations of spherical membrane-bound electron-dense inclusions, are a characteristic component of the chorionic epithelium of the sheep. following cb154 infusion into either the fetus or ewe at 111 to 137 days of gestation, binucleate cells were partially or completely depleted of the droplets which ... | 1979 | 260844 |
| lamb trauma caused by porcupine grass (stipa spartea) seeds. | | 1979 | 261008 |
| anticomplementary activity of cornea, vitreous and chorioretina in rabbits. | we wished to determine if inhibitors of the complement system are present in different rabbit ocular tissues. soluble extracts of cornea, vitreous humor and chorioretina in different dilutions were incubated with normal human serum (as source of complement). the ability of the latter to lyse sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antisheep rabbit hemolysin was assessed. the cornea did not show any inhibition of complement. the vitreous humor exhibited very low inhibitory activity. the extracts of th ... | 1979 | 261667 |
| changes in somatomedin-like activity and concentrations of growth hormone and prolactin in the plasma of castrated growing lambs. | somatomedin-like activity was measured in the plasma of growing lambs using the porcine costal cartilage disk assay. plasma concentrations were found to be high initially at 2 days of age (mean potency 1.02 plus or minus 0.13 (sem) units/ml, n = 4) declined significantly by 8 days of age (mean potency 0.65 plus or minus 0.04 units/ml, n = 5, p less than 0.01, analysis of variance). thereafter somatomedin-like activity declined slowly to reach its lowest concentration at 146 days of age (mean pot ... | 1979 | 261980 |
| progestagen metabolites in fetal sheep plasma: the effect of fetal nephrectomy. | fetal sheep (100-115 days gestation) were surgically implanted with femoral arterial and venous cannulae and then either sham-operated (control) or bilaterally nephrectomized. following a 5-day recovery period, fetal blood samples (10 ml/48 h) were taken and the steroid sulphate fraction analysed as trimethylsilyl esters by gas-liquid chromatography (g. l.c.). three progestagen metabolites were repeatedly detected in plasma samples from control and nephrectomized fetuses and identified by g.l.c. ... | 1979 | 261983 |
| effects of beclomethasone dipropionate on tracheal mucous velocity. | beclomethasone dipropionate (200 micrograms, administered by inhalation to conscious sheep, does not affect tracheal mucous velocity during a 60-min period. | 1977 | 262102 |
| the influence of intercellular clefts on the electrical properties of sheep cardiac purkinje fibers. | a model of a 100 micrometers diameter purkinje fiber with intercellular clefts was studied under voltage clamp conditions to examine the consequences of radial nonuniformity. sodium and potassium conductances were distributed so that the surface and cleft membranes had similar channel density. assuming that the model is appropriate, sodium current (and conductance) measured in the voltage clamp is grossly underestimated because of loss of voltage control of the cleft membrane. under these condit ... | 1979 | 262388 |
| stimulation by a hydroxythiazolobenzimidazole of enhanced formation of antibodies to sheep erythrocytes in vitro and in vivo. | a hydroxythiazolobenzimidazole, a low molecular weight compound, was found to have an immunoenhancing effect on both the in vivo and in vitro antibody response of mouse spleen cells to an optimum immunizing dose of sheep red blood cells. at noncytotoxic concentrations the optimum range of 25 to 50 micrograms per 5 x 19(6) spleen cells was most effective in vitro. concentrations greater than 100 micrograms per culture were toxic in vitro and reduced cell viability as well as antibody responsivene ... | 1979 | 262452 |
| variations in the response of sheep to experimental magnesium deficiency. | hypomagnesaemia was induced in adult sheep by changing their diet from chaff given orally to a milk diet, low in mg, infused via the abomasum. all sheep given the milk diet developed hypomagnesaemia and four out of 19 developed nervous convulsions similar to the natural disease grass tetany. analysis of the sequential changes in plasma ca, p and mg revealed a striking positive correlation between ca and mg and hypocalcaemia thus appeared to be a general response to mg deficiency. many sheep appe ... | 1979 | 262592 |
| the influence of breed on the susceptibility of sheep of haemonchus contortus infection in kenya. | the relative resistance of six breeds of sheep to haemonchus contortus infection was investigated under field conditions on two stations situated in a semi-arid zone in kenya. as judged by faecal egg counts, monitored throughout a two-year period, it was found that there were consistent differences between the breeds. the breeds studied in order of increasing susceptibility were red masai, blackhead persian, merino, dorper, corriedale and hampshire. post mortem findings confirmed that the differ ... | 1979 | 262593 |
| the influence of haemoglobin phenotype on the susceptibility of sheep to haemonchus contortus infection in kenya. | two flocks of merino sheep were set-stocked on pastures known to be endemic for haemonchus contortus. both flocks included sheep with the three common haemoglobin types (hbaa, hbab, hbbb). the results of regular monitoring over a two-year period showed a clear relationship between haemoglobin types and susceptibility to haemonchosis. the hbaa sheep experienced fewer deaths, had consistently lower egg counts and exhibited a more frequency and effective self-cure than the hbab or the hbbb types. p ... | 1979 | 262594 |
| genital lesions in experimental chronic trypanosoma brucei infection in rams. | rams inoculated intravenously with trypanosoma brucei developed scrotal oedema and a nonsuppurative granulomatous periorchitis resulting in testicular degeneration, atrophy, calcification and sclerosis. the tunica vaginalis was the seat of an intense granulomatous inflammation and focal necrosis, which extended to the epididymis and spermatic cord. lesions in the seminal vesicles were suggestive of diminished testosterone production even though leydig cells were discernible in the sclerotic test ... | 1979 | 262595 |
| clinical, virological and serological response of the west african dwarf sheep to experimental infection with different strains of rift valley fever virus. | west african dwarf sheep were inoculated with three different strains of rift valley fever virus (rvfv). using infective mouse serum as the source of virus classical rvfv disease characterised by sudden onset, a sharp but transient febrile response, viraemia, abortions and the development of specific rvfv antibodies in surviving animals was observed. the severity of clinical response was, however, dependent on the strain of virus used, with animals inoculated with smithburn's neuroadapted strain ... | 1979 | 262596 |
| immunological reactions of rift valley fever virus strains from east and west africa. | three strains of rift valley fever virus, namely nigerian (nig), smithburn's neurotropic (snt), and lunyo variant (lun) were compared by complement fixation (cf), neutralisation (n), haemagglutination/haemagglutination-inhibition (ha/hi) and agar gel diffusion (agd) tests. they showed reciprocal cross-reactivity in cf tests. in n tests, using immune sheep sera, there was reciprocal cross-neutralisation between the nig and snt strains, but not with the lun strain, the antiserum of which neutralis ... | 1979 | 262597 |
| structure of the sheep epidermis. | the stratum corneum measured on fresh frozen sections was found to be considerably thicker than previously reported. it was uniformly permeated with sebum, which also formed an intact film over the skin surface and it could readily be divided into two zones. the living epidermis was approximately half as thick as the stratum corneum. | 1979 | 262599 |
| termination of arrested development of the trichostrongyles of sheep in northern nigeria. | monthly worm counts of groups of ewes and lambs that grazed continuously and tracer lambs revealed that under the conditions existing in northern nigeria, most of the haemonchus contortus in sheep between november and march were arrested larvae. during the months of april and may, almost equal proportions of adults, developmental stages and arrested larvae were recovered and, by june, only adults and developmental stages were recovered in high numbers. the proportion of arrested larvae had dimin ... | 1979 | 262601 |
| field observations on the epidemiology of abomasal parasites in young sheep during winter and spring. | a flock of spring born lambs was continuously exposed to natural parasite infection from birth until selected for slaughter in groups of two or three, at monthly intervals throughout winter and spring for abomasal worm counts. meteorological data were recorded and regular estimates of infective pasture larval availability were made. parasite population changes and inhibition patterns for ostertagia spp, haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus axei were recorded. ostertagia spp were found to su ... | 1979 | 262603 |
| serological studies with the virus of peste des petits ruminants in nigeria. | it was possible to distinguish separate serological responses when experimental goats were inoculated with either rinderpest virus or peste des petits ruminants virus. examination of field samples established that peste des petits ruminants occur commonly in nigerian sheep and goats although some villages have escaped recent infection. there was no evidence of infection with rinderpest in these animals. | 1979 | 262608 |
| the effects of implanting jugular catheters on plasma glucose concentrations in wethers fed two extremes of diet. | although de novo glucose synthesis was 47 per cent higher in wethers fed hay plus barley than in wethers fed hay alone, the plasma glucose concentrations were similar. when two chronic jugular vein catheters were implanted, plasma glucose concentrations rose by 17 per cent and 5 per cent after 4 h in those fed hay alone and hay plus barley respectively. levels subsided after 24 to 30 h post catheterisation. | 1979 | 262613 |
| a test for early pregnancy in sheep. | the rosette inhibition test has been used to detect an early pregnancy factor (epf) in the serum of ewes. epf was shown to be to be present within 72 h of mating and was still detectable after one month of gestation and in some cases after four months' gestation. the detection of epf could be of value in the diagnosis of pregnancy in the ewe during the first month of gestation. | 1979 | 262615 |
| [experimental hydrocephalus of the fetus in utero. iv. ventriculo-amniotic mini-uni-shunt: technical note]. | | 1979 | 262637 |
| [salmonella carriers among slaughter animals]. | | 1979 | 262687 |
| gram-negative sepsis in thermally injured sheep. | burn wound sepsis was studied for four days in awake, unanesthetized sheep. each of the animals was given a 40% third-degree burn, and the wound was infected with pseudomonas aeruginosa. according to their cardiopulmonary response, the animals were divided into three groups: hyperdynamic, normodynamic, and hypodynamic. the hyperdynamic group had an increased cardiac index and a decreased total peripheral resistance index. the hypodynamic group was characterized by the following: decreased cardia ... | 1979 | 262801 |
| [tolerability tests of biomasses produced on n-alkanes]. | | 1979 | 262948 |
| pathogenesis of chlamydial polyarthritis in domestic animals: characteristics of causative agent. | | 1979 | 263453 |
| [experimental hydrocephalus in the fetus in the utero. i. preliminary research: fetal endoscopy]. | | 1979 | 263608 |
| [experimental hydrocephalus in the fetus in utero. ii. injection of kaolin into the cisterna magna with an endoscopic method]. | | 1979 | 263609 |
| [experimental hydrocephalus in the fetus in utero. iii. injection of kaolin into the cisterna magna by transuterine puncture]. | | 1979 | 263610 |
| the fetal autonomic nervous system, the fetal heart rate and the beat-to-beat irregularity. | in the exteriorized fetal lamb an experimental study on the influence of the fetal autonomic nervous system upon the heart rate pattern is described by means of blockage of the cholinergic, alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic system. the alpha-adrenergic system proved to have no effect upon heart rate. the beta-adrenergic system had a positive chronotropic effect and the parasympathetic system had a negative chronotropic effect. beat-to-beat irregularity was independent of a functional alpha-ad ... | 1977 | 264064 |
| fetal blood sampling by fetoscopy in pregnant ewes. | successful fetal blood sampling by fetoscopy is reported in 4 out of 6 pregnant ewes. no deleterious effect of the procedure on the course of pregnancy and fetal outcome could be demonstrated. there were two main problems: floating membranes and mobile fetal cotyledon vessels. although the first problem could in part be overcome by infusion of saline, fetal blood sampling in the pregnant ewe is a rather difficult and time-consuming procedure. | 1978 | 264071 |
| mechanisms of late decelerations in the fetal heart rate. a study with autonomic blocking agents in fetal lambs. | fetal heart rate decelerations resembling the late deceleration fhr pattern were produced in fetal sheep by periodic occlusion of the maternal common hypogastric artery for 30-60 sec. transient fetal hypertension also occurred during the occlusions. alpha-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine eliminated or markedly reduced the hypertensive response. fhr decelerations still occurred intermittently with some occlusions; however, their character was greatly altered. after parasympathetic blockade w ... | 1979 | 264102 |
| inhibition of lactation and ovarian function: a possible animal experimental model for humans. | lactating texel ewes are hyperprolactinemic. hyperprolactinemia persists for at least the first 50 h after weaning, when the udder is swollen and tender. oral administration of bromocriptine lowers hyperprolactinemia dramatically within 4 h, correlated with 'shrinking' of the udder. during lowering of hyperprolactinemia there is no immediate increase in lh. | 1978 | 264167 |
| path analysis: application in an epidemiological study of echinococcosis in new zealand. | the method of path analysis is described in detail. application of this analyogical systems is demonstrated using data from an epidemiological study of echinococcosis in new zealand. the results identified the major causal pathways determining echinococcus granulosus prevalence in dogs, based on multiple regression analysis of a linear causal model constructed from prior biological and epidemiological knowledge. only ethnic and sheep husbandry variables had important direct effect on prevalence ... | 1977 | 265339 |
| epidemiological analysis of factors influencing rate of progress in echinococcus granulosus control in new zealand. | the factors influencing the rate of progress in echinococcus granulosus control in new zealand were analysed by hydatid control area using stepwise multiple regression techniques. the results indicated that the rate of progress was related positively to initial e. granulosus prevalence in dogs and the efficiency with which local authorities implemented national control policy, and negatively to the maori proportion in the local population and the number of dogs per owner. problems in analysis of ... | 1977 | 265340 |
| characterization of an erythroid precursor cell of high proliferative capacity in normal human peripheral blood. | we have found that the peripheral blood of normal humans contains a significant number of committed erythroid stem cells of high proliferative capacity. these erythroid stem cells closely resemble the murine erythroid burst-forming unit (bfu-e) with respect to proliferative capacity, colony morphology, and erythropoietin requirement. bfu-e were isolated from the peripheral blood of normal individuals by ficoll-hypaque density gradient centrifugation and cultured in vitro using the plasma culture ... | 1977 | 265556 |
| activation of the alternative complement pathway due to resistance of zymosan-bound. | the surface of zymosan (zy), by affording a protected microenvironment for c3b and the amplification convertase stabilized by properdin, p,c3b,bb, shifts the alternative complement pathway from slow fluid phase turnover to the amplification phase of its expression. this mode of activation is in contradistinction to that of the classical pathway, which follows conversion of a proenzyme, cl, to its active form, c1. under conditions in which the control proteins, c3b inactivator (c3bina) and beta1h ... | 1977 | 266208 |
| inhibition by anti-interferon serum of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus disease in suckling mice. | inoculation of newborn mice with lymphocytic chloriomeningitis (lcm) virus resulted in decreased weight gain, liver cell necrosis, and death. injection of potent sheep immunoglobulin against mouse interferon markedly inhibited these manifestations of lcm virus disease despite the fact that these treated mice had 100-fold more lcm virus in their serum. we conclude that interferon induced by lcm virus is responsible in large part for the syndrome of growth inhibition, liver cell necrosis, and deat ... | 1977 | 266735 |
| paul-bunnell antigen in lymphoma and leukemia spleens. | lymphoid cells obtained from spleens of patients with lymphomas or leukemias were studied for the presence of heterophile (paul-bunnell (p-b)) antigen. a mixed agglutination (ma) test was established utilizing monolayers of cells attached to poly-l-lysine-coated wells of plastic u plates. after incubation of the monolayers with infectious mononeucleosis (im) sera, indicator cells, sheep, or trypsinized bovine erythrocytes were added. the results were assessed according to sedimentation patterns ... | 1977 | 268381 |
| regulation of total and regional spinal cord blood flow. | | 1977 | 268904 |
| initial prognostic factors and lymphoblast-erythrocyte rosette formation in 109 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | bone marrow lymphoblasts from 109 children admitted with untreated acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) were tested for spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes. twenty-six children (24%) had lymphoblasts that formed rosettes (e+). of 13 initial clinical characteristics, 8 were significantly associated with e+ lymphoblasts: mediastinal enlargement (86% of patients e+), leukocyte counts over 100 x 10(9)/liter (65% e+), nodes greater than 2 cm in any diameter (65% e+), age over 5 yr (46 ... | 1977 | 268981 |
| lymphocytes bearing receptors for both sheep erythrocytes and complement in patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. | | 1977 | 269033 |
| conformation of beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin: formation of helical structure in methanol and sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions. | circular dichroic spectra of camel beta-endorphin and ovine beta-lipotropin in water show little, if any, secondary structure. intrinsic viscosities and sedimentation coefficients of the two peptides also suggest that the molecules are not compact and globular. methanol or sodium dodecyl sulfate promotes the formation of helical structure to an extent as much as one-half of either peptide molecule. the conformation of the complex between camel beta-endorphin and dodecyl sulfate may be related to ... | 1977 | 269386 |
| alveolar bone loss in thymectomized golden hamsters. | fifty-six neonatally thymectomized and 41 neonatally sham-operated female golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were divided into 2 groups, one inoculated with actinomyces (n16) and the other not inoculated. all animals were raised and maintained on a high sucrose, soft diet (diet 2000) and water, ad libitum. white blood cell counts, differentials and total lymphocyte counts were determined at 4 to 5 weeks of age. the rejection of albino hamster skin grafts and the hemagglutination response to ... | 1977 | 269944 |
| observations on dystocia in a romney flock. | | 1977 | 270640 |
| erythropoietin: isolation by affinity chromatography with lectin-agarose derivatives. | affinity chromatography using agarose-bound lectins was used to isolate erythropoietin from crude preparations of sheep plasma and human urinary erythropoietin. on the basis of previous estimates of the sugar content of the hormone, six lectins (wheat germ agglutinin, phytohemagglutinin, ricinus communis 120, soybean agglutinin, concanavalin a, and limulin) were chosen for study. only wheat germ agglutinin-agarose and phytohemagglutinin-agarose derivatives had significant affinity for erythropoi ... | 1977 | 270704 |
| isolation and characterization of the opioid peptides from rat pituitary: beta-endorphin. | beta-endorphin was isolated from 200 rat pituitaries by means of high-performance column chromatography, using sensitive fluorometric methods and a radioreceptor assay for opioid activity. the beta-endorphin was characterized as to molecular weight, amino acid composition, and mapping of tryptic peptides by a new microtechnique. it was found that rat beta-endorphin is identical to camel and sheep beta-endorphin. furthermore, alpha-endorphin, met-enkephalin, a nonpeptide morphine-like compound (m ... | 1977 | 270731 |
| hemoglobin switching in sheep and goats: induction of hemoglobin c synthesis in cultures of sheep fetal erythroid cells. | synthesis of hbf (alpha2gamma2) is replaced by synthesis of hb a (alpha2betaa2) shortly before birth in sheep homozygous for the betaa globin chain whereas hb c (alpha2betac2) is produced transiently during the neonatal period. we have obtained a hb f-to-hb c switch by generating erythroid colonies at high erythropoietin concentration in plasma clot cultures of mid-gestation fetal bone marrow or liver. furthermore, high erythropoietin concentration appeared specifically to activate the gene for ... | 1977 | 270742 |