Publications

bluetongue virus in pregnant elk and their calves.	two pregnant north american elk (cervus canadensis), in the 3rd and 4th months of gestation, were inoculated with bluetongue (bt) virus (btv) serotype 11. the virus was not isolated from the blood of the cows beyond postinoculation day (pid) 8, but was isolated from bone marrow and spleen samples obtained at necropsy on pid 190. although neither cow had overt clinical signs of bt infection, fluctuations in specific neutralizing btv antibody titers indicated viral replication. however, in 2 attem ...	1982	6280527
characterization of a papilloma virus from the european elk (eepv).		1981	6266142
isolation of bovine virus diarrhoea virus from a scottish red deer.		1980	6266120
histopathological findings in the lungs of scottish red and roe deer.	histopathology on portions of lung collected from 34 red deer (cervus elaphus) and 15 roe deer (capreolus capreolus) between 1977 and 1981 revealed evidence of lungworm infestation in 16 red and 14 roe deer. in the red deer, dictyocaulus species, and the developmental stages of another parasite, believed to be elaphostrongylus cervi, were involved. dictyocaulus also affected the roe deer, but in them the major lesions were associated with protostrongylids. exudative bronchopneumonia, including t ...	1983	6220510
experimental infections with dictyocaulus viviparus in vaccinated and unvaccinated red deer.	four of eight red deer calves which had been artificially reared and were lungworm free were vaccinated with bovine lungworm oral vaccine when eight weeks old; the other four were not vaccinated. three of each category were challenged daily with 500 dictyocaulus viviparus infective stage larvae per kg liveweight for 17 days when six months old while one in each category was left as an unchallenged control. the effects of challenge were monitored and all challenged deer and one control were kille ...	1982	6215759
[seasonal rhythm of the discharge of dictyocaulus viviparus, varestrongylus sagittatus and elaphostrongylus cervi larvae from the red deer (cervus elaphus)].	the discharging of the first larvae of distyocaulus viviparus, varestrongylus sagittatus and elaphostrongylus cervi is regulated by a seasonal rhythm. this rhythm was studied in a deer population of 150 +/- 10 animals over a period of 4 years. the maximum discharges of d. viviparus are in may and june and those of the 2 other species are in the time from february to april. very good results of treatment were achieved with 3 x 7.5 mg and 5 x 3 mg fenbendazole/kg live weight against d. viviparus a ...	1982	6211112
ocular disease in red deer calves associated with a herpesvirus infection.		1983	6194610
morphological and histochemical observations on the duodenal glands of eight wild ungulate species native to north america.	the duodenal glands of the species examined (alces alces, ovis canadensis, cervus canadensis, oreamnos americanus, bison bison, antilocapra americana, odocoileus virginianas, odocoileus heminous) are confined primarily to the submucosa of the small intestine. in one species, the moose, a significant population of secretory tubules also is observed in the mucosa. the ducts of the duodenal glands pierce the overlying muscularis mucosae to empty most often independently into the intestinal lumen. t ...	1981	6171158
monoamine oxide activity in ox, elk and reindeer brains.		1981	6112098
electrophoresis of the serum proteins and transferrins of alces alces (elk), rangifer tarandus (reindeer), and ovis dalli (dall sheep) from north america.		1967	6075156
[hemoglobin content in the fetus and placenta system in the elk].		1966	6011985
activation analysis of ungulate hair.	hair samples from the horse, elk, deer, moose, and antelope; subcutaneous tissue from the moose and antelope; and cast and living skin of the rattlesnake were activated by exposure to a neutron flux. the resulting products were studied by pulse-height analysis. differences in type and proportion of trace elements appear to be consistent within the species studied.	1966	5909779
infections with tick-borne encephalitis virus in the swedish population of the elk (alces a. alces).		1965	5883944
some haematological data for red deer (cervus elaphus) in england.		1965	5840356
the rocky mountain elk as a reservoir host for parasites of domestic animals in western montana.		1969	5817794
vascular and neuro-ophthalmic pathology of elaeophorosis in elk.		1969	5817444
the fringed tapeworm (thysanosoma actinioides) as a parasite of the rocky mountain elk in yellowstone national park.		1969	5816103
locoism in elk. a disease resembling cerebral pseudolipidosis.		1969	5816098
cardiovascular disease in free-living red deer (cervus elephus) on the island of rhum.		1969	5813285
histology and histochemistry of the male accessory glands of the red deer, cervus elaphus l.		1969	5788214
digestion of heather by red deer.		1969	5786600
karyotypes in five species of deer (alces alces l., capreolus capreolus l., cervus elaphus l., cervus nippon nippon temm. and dama dama l.).		1968	5721324
[on the pathogenesis of endemic paresis (lameness of the hip) in red deer].		1968	5693573
molar duplication in red deer and wapiti.		1968	5691426
energy metabolism of the red deer.		1968	5644486
[game biology and comparative animal physiology. ii. microorganisms in the rumen of red deer (cervus elaphus) and roe deer (capreolus capreolus)].		1967	5634228
behavior of elk (cervus canadensis) during the rut.		1967	5627213
[hemoglobin types in growing elk].		1971	5560262
puberty in a seasonally breeding male, the red deer stag (cervus elaphus l.).		1971	5551717
lymph nodes of red deer infected with subcutaneous filariae wehrdikmansia cervipedis (wehr et dikmans, 1935) and onchocerca flexuosa (wedl, 1856).		1970	5530018
digestion and nitrogen metabolism in sheep and red deer given large or small amounts of water and protein.		1970	5470784
etorphine hydrochloride: anesthetic for surgery on an elk (cervus canadensis canadensis).		1970	5465569
the distribution of nerves, monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase in the skin of the red deer (cervus elaphus).		1969	5358408
renal excretion of urea and electrolytes in sheep and red deer.	1. the effects of varying the intake of water and nitrogen on the renal excretion of urea and electrolytes has been studied in sheep and in red deer.2. the concentration of urea in the urine of both sheep and deer decreased as the volume of urine increased and about eight times as much urea was excreted each day when a high-nitrogen diet was fed compared to when a low-nitrogen diet was fed.3. both the concentrations of sodium and potassium in the urine decreased as the urine volume increased but ...	1969	5347722
the social and sexual behaviour of the red deer stag.		1970	5266389
a comparison of digestion in red deer and sheep under controlled conditions.		1971	5209482
renal regulation of acid excretion in the red deer (cervus elephus).		1971	5205171
the reproductive cycle of the female red deer, cervus elaphus l.		1971	5167355
[involution of chamois, red deer and roe deer mammae].		1971	5165645
[electrophoretic study of milk proteins of the northern reindeer and the european elk].		1971	5157494
composition of adipose tissue triglycerides of the elk (cervus canadensis), caribou (rangifer tarandus groenlandicus), moose (alces alces), and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus).		1971	5113546
tuberculosis in a red deer (cervus elaphus) due to an atypical mycobacterium.		1971	5104112
the relationship between thyroidal calcitonin and seasonal and reproductive change in the stag (cervus elaphus l.).		1972	5039237
a telemetry system for studying elk behavior in the rocky mountains.		1972	5029008
biotelemetry applied to elk management.		1972	5029007
[age-dependent changes in canine teeth of the upper jaw in red deer. an aid for the age determination of animals under general anesthesia].		1974	4841535
restoration of libido in castrated red deer stag (cervus elaphus) with oestradiol-17beta.		1974	4824036
a note on parturition and maternal behaviour in captive red deer (cervus elaphus l.).		1974	4816952
the composition and yield of milk from captive red deer (cervus elaphus l.).		1974	4816950
hypersensitivity of an isolated population of red deer (cervus elaphus) to xylazine.		1974	4816774
trypanosomes from elk and horse flies in new mexico.		1974	4810218
metabolism of nucleic acids by sheep and red deer.		1973	4791059
[radioactivity in the red deer antlers and 90sr-uptake in man].		1973	4768619
investigations on the comparative pathology of spontaneous atherosclerosis. v. comparison between the aortic and the coronary lesions in the elk (dama dama) living free in its natural habitat and that in reservations.		1973	4767140
trypanosomes from elk (cervus canadensis) in wyoming.		1973	4760644
[artificial rearing of red-deer calves on various diets].		1973	4756702
[composition of red deer milk. 1. contents of raw constituents (fat, protein, lactose and ash)].		1973	4747492
amino-acid sequences of red-deer and roe-deer pancreatic ribonucleases.		1973	4738402
appearance of antler pedicles in early foetal life in red deer.		1973	4717976
antibody to babesia in scottish red deer (cervus elaphus).		1973	4705761
experimental infection in north american elk with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus.		1973	4701179
[demodicosis in red-deer (cervus elaphus].		1972	4639180
injurious antler anomaly in a rocky mountain elk.		1972	4634522
comparative survival of indicator bacteria and enteric pathogens in well water.	the comparative survival of various fecal indicator bacteria and enteric pathogens was studied in a stable well water supply by using membrane chambers. there was more variation in the 29 coliform cultures and they died more rapidly, as a group, than the 20 enterococcus cultures that were examined. the comparative survival of the organisms tested follows: aeromonas sp. > the shigellae (shigella flexneri, s. sonnei, and s. dysenteriae) > fecal streptococci > coliforms = some salmonellae (salmonel ...	1974	4598219
[occurrence of fasciola hepatica in deer (capreolus capreolus) and red deer (cervus elaphus) and its treatment using rafoxanide].		1973	4594866
[occurrence of fasciola hepatica in deer (capreolus capreolus) and red deer (cervus elaphus) and its control using rafoxanide].		1973	4588751
[occurrence, diagnosis, and therapy of gastrointestinal nematode in estations in roe and red deer].		1972	4571765
[occurrence, diagnosis, and therapy of gastrointestinal nematode infections in roes and red deer].		1972	4565744
the sexual significance of the rut in red deer.		1973	4522394
the reproductive performance of wild scottish red deer, cervus elaphus.		1973	4522380
micro-communication activities red deer college program.		1972	4484035
observations on the electroejaculation in red deer.		1974	4469142
the timing of reproduction in red deer (cervus elaphus) in relation to altitude.		1974	4468891
[an intradermal filaria of the red deer: cutifilaria wenki n.gen., n.sp. (onchocercinae) (author's transl)].		1974	4446068
[the species of onchocerca in the red deer: redescription of o. flexuosa (wedl, 1856) and description of o. tubingensis n.sp. and o. tarsicola n.sp (author's transl)].		1974	4446067
[nuclei of the medulla oblongata and pons in the roe and red deer. ii. nuclei of the anterior portion of the medulla oblongata in the roe and red deer].		1974	4438142
[nuclei of the medulla oblongata and the pons in the roe and red deer. part i. nuclei of the posterior portion of the medulla oblongata in the roe and red deer].		1974	4431728
sweat gland function in the red deer (cervus elaphus).		1972	4403426
effect of school water fluoridation on dental caries: final results in elk lake, pa, after 12 years.		1972	4400471
school fluoridation studies in elk lake, pennsylvania, and pike county, kentucky--results after eight years.		1968	4387263
school fluoridation studies in elk lake, pennsylvania, and pike county, kentucky: interim report.		1965	4378619
a study of reproduction, disease and physiological blood and serum values in idaho elk.		1973	4361504
bluetongue virus in north american elk.		1970	4316480
distribution of elk in bryansk region and damage to forests by it.		1974	4279444
cross-transmission experiments with dictyocaulus viviparus isolates from rocky mountain elk and cattle.		1972	4257465
[age and seasonal dynamics of dictyocauliasis in asiatic red deer].		1966	4230396
blood chemistry of roosevelt elk (cervus canadensis roosevelti).		1972	4144139
cleft palate in a tule elk calf.		1985	4078990
immobilization of free-ranging desert bighorn sheep, tule elk, and wild horses, using carfentanil and xylazine: reversal with naloxone, diprenorphine, and yohimbine.		1985	4077657
lymphocyte blastogenesis, complement fixation, and fecal culture as diagnostic tests for paratuberculosis in north american wild ruminants and domestic sheep.	the efficacy of the lymphocyte blastogenesis and complement-fixation tests and fecal culture for detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection was assessed in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis), elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (o virginianus), bighorn x mouflon (o musimon) hybrid sheep, and domestic sheep. spontaneously infected bighorns were tested at the time of capture; experimentally infected animals were tested monthly for 12 months or p ...	1985	4073642
reversal of the effects of xylazine and xylazine/ketamine in red deer.		1985	4060545
regrowth of amputated velvet antlers with and without innervation.	the influence of removing portions of the growing antler of yearling red deer stags on subsequent regeneration of the antler in the same season was studied. the influence of the innervation of the antler on such regeneration was the subject of a further study. when the top 0.5-1 cm was removed from antlers 9-17 cm long, growth was slightly reduced in that season. when the antler/pedicle length was reduced to 6-10 cm in antlers 16-38 cm long, branched antlers regrew in 11 out of 13 cases provided ...	1985	4056676
native-like folding intermediates of homologous ribonucleases.	the mechanism of the slow refolding reactions of four different pancreatic ribonucleases from ox, sheep, red deer, and roe deer has been investigated. refolding kinetics of these proteins were very similar. in particular, a native-like intermediate, in, was shown to be populated on the slow refolding pathway of all ribonucleases. we conclude that, similar to the stability of the folded proteins, the pathway of slow refolding has been conserved despite the differences in amino acid sequence and t ...	1985	4052370
plasma concentrations of progesterone in female red deer (cervus elaphus) during the breeding season, pregnancy and anoestrus.	concentrations of progesterone in peripheral plasma of red deer hinds were basal (less than 1 ng/ml) during lactation/seasonal anoestrus, but increased abruptly at the onset of the breeding season. lactating hinds (n = 19) started ovarian cycles 10 days later (p less than 0.01) and conceived 16 days later (p less than 0.001) than did 13 weaned hinds. there was no evidence, from plasma progesterone values, of silent oestrus at the start of the season. progestagen/pmsg treatment induced early ovul ...	1985	4045825
transmission of a malignant catarrhal fever-like syndrome to sheep: preliminary experiments.	the transmission of a malignant catarrhal fever-like syndrome to sheep is reported. fetal sheep between 40 and 66 days gestation were inoculated intravenously with viable cells either from a red deer with clinical malignant catarrhal fever or from rabbits with the disease. of the 21 fetuses in the experiment only five were born live and of these four developed clinical signs similar to malignant catarrhal fever in other species and died or were killed 10, 16, 47 and 175 days after birth. the fif ...	1985	4038811
elaphostrongylus cervi cervi in the central nervous system of red deer (cervus elaphus) in scotland.		1985	4013046
pharmacokinetics of oxfendazole in red deer (cervus elaphus).	the pharmacokinetics of oxfendazole (ofz) in red deer (cervus elaphus) was examined. ofz, administered per os at 4.53 mg kg-1, was extracted in ether from plasma and identified and concentrations estimated by high pressure liquid chromatography. irrespective of whether the animals were fed concentrates indoors as pellets or grass while on pasture, ofz was absorbed rapidly. concentrations of ofz in plasma reached maxima within 20 hours (0.83 and 1.005 mg litre-1 respectively) and were undetectabl ...	1985	4001561
serologic prevalence of toxoplasmosis in cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, bison, and elk in montana.	serum samples from 2,539 cattle, 649 sheep, 123 goats, 413 pigs, 93 bison, and 56 elk from montana were examined for antibody to toxoplasma gondii in the sabin-feldman dye test or the modified agglutination test (mat). cattle, bison, and elk serum samples were treated with 0.2 m-mercaptoethanol before examination in mat. in the dye test, 13.2% of sheep, 5.0% of pigs, and 22.7% of goats had antibody at a dilution of greater than or equal to 1:16. in the mat, 3.2% of cattle, 3.1% of bison, and non ...	1985	3997650
a comparative study of the hyoid bone (os hyoides) of 6 ruminant species (ruminantia scopoli, 1777).	the shape, position and measurements of the hyoid bone of 6 small and medium-sized european ruminant species of different feeding types as classified by hofmann (1976), (rose deer, mouflon, sheep, red deer, fallow deer and goat) were fully described. a comparison with other domestic species was carried out, the most characteristic species differences were shown and the results were expressed in 9 figs. and 1 table. the basic structural plan of the hyoid bone is found to be similar in all species ...	1985	3993965
larvae of elaphostrongylus cervi in the deer of scotland.	protostrongylid larvae were recovered from the faeces or lungs of red deer (cervus elaphus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus) and reindeer (rangifer tarandus) in scotland during 1981. typical protostrongylid first-stage larvae were also recovered from possible intermediate hosts, the grey field slug (agriolimax reticulata) and the white-soled slug (arion fasciatus). all these protostrongylid larvae were microscopically identical to those of the nematode elaphostrongylus cervi. despite careful sear ...	1985	3992820