Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| effects of racecadotril on weight loss and diarrhea due to human rotavirus in neonatal gnotobiotic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death in children younger than 5 y, and the most common cause of acute watery diarrhea in young children worldwide is rotaviral infection. medicines to specifically reduce diarrhea would be a desirable adjunctive treatment to supportive fluid therapy to decrease the mortality rate of diarrheal diseases. in this study, we evaluated the efficacy of an antisecretory drug, racecadotril, in treating human rotavirus (hrv)-induced diarrhea in a neonatal ... | 2017 | 28381316 |
| dna-binding properties of the african swine fever virus pa104r, a histone-like protein involved in viral replication and transcription. | african swine fever virus (asfv) codes for a putative histone-like protein (pa104r) with extensive sequence homology to bacterial proteins that are implicated in genome replication and packaging. functional characterization of purified recombinant pa104r revealed that it binds to ssdna and dsdna over a wide range of temperatures, ph values, salt concentrations and in an atp-independent manner, with an estimated binding site size of about 14-16 nucleotides. using site-directed mutagenesis, the ar ... | 2017 | 28381576 |
| different patterns of cartilage mineralization analyzed by comparison of human, porcine, and bovine laryngeal cartilages. | laryngeal cartilages undergo a slow ossification process during aging, making them an excellent model for studying cartilage mineralization and ossification processes. pig laryngeal cartilages are similar to their human counterparts in shape and size, also undergo mineralization, facilitating the study of cartilage mineralization. we investigated the processes of cartilage mineralization and ossification and compared these with the known processes in growth plates. thyroid cartilages from glutar ... | 2017 | 28388264 |
| performance of hepatitis e virus (hev)-antibody tests: a comparative analysis based on samples from individuals with direct contact to domestic pigs or wild boar in germany. | in europe, hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 causes most human infections, and domestic pigs and wild boar represent the main reservoirs. contact to these animals represents one source of human infection. however, interpretation of studies is challenged in the absence of a serological gold standard. hence, this study compared results of different hev immunoassays. plasma samples from 139 individuals who had professional contact to pigs (veterinarians, meat inspectors, slaughterhouse workers; n ... | 2017 | 28397024 |
| potential roles of pigs, small ruminants, rodents, and their flea vectors in plague epidemiology in sinda district, eastern zambia. | a cross-sectional study was conducted in the eastern part of zambia that previously reported a plague outbreak. the aim of the study was to evaluate the potential role of pigs, goats, and sheep as sero-surveillance hosts for monitoring plague, and to investigate the flea vectors and potential reservoir hosts to establish the current status of plague endemicity in the district. serum samples were collected from 96 rodents, 10 shrews, 245 domestic pigs, 232 goats, and 31 sheep, whereas 106 organs ... | 2017 | 28399281 |
| african swine fever: a global view of the current challenge. | african swine fever (asf) is an important contagious haemorrhagic viral disease affecting swine whose notification is mandatory due to its high mortality rates and the great sanitary and socioeconomic impact it has on international trade in animal and swine products. this disease only affects porcine species, both wild and domestic, and produces a variety of clinical signs such as fever and functional disorders of the digestive and respiratory systems. lesions are mainly characterized by congest ... | 2015 | 28405426 |
| a simple method of placing a coronary sinus catheter through the femoral vein in miniature swine. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of placing a coronary sinus (cs) catheter through the femoral veins of miniature swine. a total of 16 male domestic pigs (3-4 months old, 25±2 kg) were used. firstly, the anatomic structure of the cs ostium of swine heart was observed at different angles under x-ray. the guide wire and cobara catheter were subsequently advanced into the right atrium through the femoral vein. subsequently, the guide wire was retracted behind the fix cur ... | 2017 | 28413516 |
| proteomic analysis of the endometrium during early pregnancy in the domestic pig. | reproductive processes in domestic pigs have been studied extensively. pigs are one of the main sources of meat for human consumption and are an established model for investigations into mammalian, including human, reproductive physiology. studies of the uterus during early pregnancy will lead to a better understanding of mechanisms governing pregnancy. proteomics provides the possibility to explore endometrial functions in an unbiased way. the aim of the study was to compare endometrium harvest ... | 2017 | 28416050 |
| noninvasive neuromodulation and thalamic mapping with low-intensity focused ultrasound. | objective ultrasound can be precisely focused through the intact human skull to target deep regions of the brain for stereotactic ablations. acoustic energy at much lower intensities is capable of both exciting and inhibiting neural tissues without causing tissue heating or damage. the objective of this study was to demonstrate the effects of low-intensity focused ultrasound (lifu) for neuromodulation and selective mapping in the thalamus of a large-brain animal. methods ten yorkshire swine ( su ... | 2017 | 28430035 |
| classical swine fever-an updated review. | classical swine fever (csf) remains one of the most important transboundary viral diseases of swine worldwide. the causative agent is csf virus, a small, enveloped rna virus of the genus pestivirus. based on partial sequences, three genotypes can be distinguished that do not, however, directly correlate with virulence. depending on both virus and host factors, a wide range of clinical syndromes can be observed and thus, laboratory confirmation is mandatory. to this means, both direct and indirec ... | 2017 | 28430168 |
| development of a fluorescent asfv strain that retains the ability to cause disease in swine. | african swine fever is a contagious and often lethal disease for domestic pigs with a significant economic impact for the swine industry. the etiological agent, african swine fever virus (asfv), is a highly structurally complex double stranded dna virus. no effective vaccines or antiviral treatment are currently commercially available. we present here the development of a strain of asfv that has been shown to retain its ability to cause disease in swine, efficiently replicate in swine macrophage ... | 2017 | 28436458 |
| heart-rate variability depression in porcine peritonitis-induced sepsis without organ failure. | depression of heart-rate variability (hrv) in conditions of systemic inflammation has been shown in both patients and experimental animal models and hrv has been suggested as an early indicator of sepsis. the sensitivity of hrv-derived parameters to the severity of sepsis, however, remains unclear. in this study we modified the clinically relevant porcine model of peritonitis-induced sepsis in order to avoid the development of organ failure and to test the sensitivity of hrv to such non-severe c ... | 2017 | 28440737 |
| magnetic resonance imaging as a noninvasive method for longitudinal monitoring of infusion site reactions following administration of a novel apomorphine formulation. | infusion site reactions are common following subcutaneous infusion of drugs. such reactions can lead to discontinuation of the treatment. therefore, assessment of such reactions is essential during preclinical safety studies, and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can assist in evaluation. here, in vivo and ex vivo mri evaluations were used in addition to classical histopathology to assess the infusion site reaction to nd0701, a novel formulation of apomorphine base developed for the treatment of ... | 2017 | 28443458 |
| titanium implant functionalization with phosphate-containing polymers may favour in vivo osseointegration. | osseointegration of titanium implants is predictable, but can be improved via surface functionalization. | 2017 | 28453878 |
| insular east asia pig dispersal and vicariance inferred from asian wild boar genetic evidence. | the formosan wild boar () is an endemic subspecies in taiwan. understanding the origins and spread of the formosan wild boar could help clarify east asian wild boar dispersion. although in situ domestication of the wild boar occurred at a number of domestication centers across east asia, corroborating archaeological and genetic evidence of pig domestication on taiwan is lacking, leading to domestication being described as cryptic. this characterization applies to the lanyu pig-a domestic pig bre ... | 2017 | 28464072 |
| comparison of branch and distally focused main renal artery denervation using two different radio-frequency systems in a porcine model. | anatomic placement of lesions may impact efficacy of radio-frequency (rf) catheter renal denervation (rdn). however, it is unclear if it is necessary to perform treatments post bifurcation with systems that may provide deeper penetration to achieve successful rdn. | 2017 | 28465113 |
| development of a rapid, simple, and specific real-time pcr assay for detection of pseudorabies viral dna in domestic swine herds. | despite successful eradication of pseudorabies virus (prv) from the commercial pig industry in the united states in 2004, large populations of feral swine in certain regions act as wildlife reservoirs for the virus. given the threat of reintroduction of the virus into domestic herds, a rapid, reliable, easily implemented assay is needed for detection of prv. although a real-time pcr (rtpcr) assay exists, improvements in rtpcr technology and a greater understanding of the diversity of prv strains ... | 2017 | 28467177 |
| a porcineex vivolung perfusion model with maximal argon exposure to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. | argon (ar) is a noble gas with known organoprotective effects in rodents andin vitromodels. in a previous study we failed to find a postconditioning effect of ar duringex vivolung perfusion (evlp) on warm-ischemic injury in a porcine model. in this study, we further investigated a prolonged exposure to ar to decrease cold ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation in a porcine model with evlp assessment. domestic pigs (n= 6/group) were pre-conditioned for 6 hours with 21% o2and 79% n ... | 2017 | 28480029 |
| sero-prevalence of specific leptospira serovars in fattening pigs from 5 provinces in vietnam. | leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease with a worldwide distribution. in vietnam, leptospirosis is considered endemic. in pigs, leptospirosis can result in reproductive problems (such as abortion and infertility) which lead to economic loss. in addition, transmission to people presents a public health risk. in vietnam, few national studies have been conducted on sero-prevalence of leptospirosis in pigs. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the sero-prevalence and incidence of ... | 2017 | 28482843 |
| african swine fever virus: a review. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious viral disease of swine which causes high mortality, approaching 100%, in domestic pigs. asf is caused by a large, double stranded dna virus, asf virus (asfv), which replicates predominantly in the cytoplasm of macrophages and is the only member of the asfarviridae family, genus asfivirus. the natural hosts of this virus include wild suids and arthropod vectors of the ornithodoros genus. the infection of asfv in its reservoir hosts is usually asymp ... | 2017 | 28489063 |
| metformin prevents ischaemic ventricular fibrillation in metabolically normal pigs. | metformin is the drug most often used to treat type 2 diabetes. evidence suggests that metformin may reduce mortality of individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism of such an effect is unknown and outcomes of metformin treatment in people without diabetes have not been determined. if metformin favourably affected mortality of non-diabetic individuals, it might have even broader therapeutic utility. we evaluated the effect of metformin on myocardial energetics and ischaemic ventricular f ... | 2017 | 28497164 |
| a pathway-centered analysis of pig domestication and breeding in eurasia. | ascertaining the molecular and physiological basis of domestication and breeding is an active area of research. due to the current wide distribution of its wild ancestor, the wild boar, the pig (sus scrofa) is an excellent model to study these processes, which occurred independently in east asia and europe ca. 9000 yr ago. analyzing genome variability patterns in terms of metabolic pathways is attractive since it considers the impact of interrelated functions of genes, in contrast to genome-wide ... | 2017 | 28500056 |
| identification of tick species collected from wild boars and habitats of wild boars and domestic pigs in the republic of korea. | tick is one of the most important arthropods in the transmission of vector-borne diseases. in this study, we investigated the abundance and species of ticks associated with swine and their habitats to assess the risk of spread of tick-borne diseases in host species, such as wild boars. ticks were collected from 24 grazing or traditionally reared domestic pig farms and 8 habitats of wild boars in 8 provinces and 1 city in the republic of korea, by using the dragging and flagging methods. ticks we ... | 2017 | 28506041 |
| differential expression of genes related to glucose metabolism in domesticated pigs and wild boar. | glucose metabolism is a basic biological process that shows substantial variation within and between species. using pig as a model organism, we investigated differences in glucose metabolic genes in seven tissues from domesticated pigs (rongchang pig and tibetan pig, meanwhile, the tibetan pig just as a special case of the domesticated pig under plateau condition) and wild boar. we found large differences in the expression of genes involved in multiple aspects of glucose metabolism, including ge ... | 2017 | 28508704 |
| detection and evaluation of renal injury in burst wave lithotripsy using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. | burst wave lithotripsy (bwl) is a transcutaneous technique with potential to safely and effectively fragment renal stones. preclinical investigations of bwl require the assessment of potential renal injury. this study evaluates the capabilities of real-time ultrasound and mri to detect and evaluate bwl injury that was induced in porcine kidneys. | 2017 | 28521550 |
| plasma concentrations of transdermal fentanyl and buprenorphine in pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | to determine the absorption characteristics of fentanyl and buprenorphine administered transdermally in swine. | 2017 | 28526486 |
| the relationship between surface area and volume of common blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) oviposition sites and carrion body mass. | female blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) demonstrate site preferences when ovipositing on carrion. preference for oviposition sites is believed to reflect the suitability of the site such that the most preferred locations provide offspring with the greatest chance of survival. a number of factors might influence female choice, including area available for oviposition. for species known to aggregate during oviposition, the surface area of oviposition sites may be a key factor in the decision-ma ... | 2017 | 28535281 |
| the in vivo performance of a novel thermal accelerant agent used for augmentation of microwave energy delivery within biologic tissues during image-guided thermal ablation: a porcine study. | to investigate the effects of a novel caesium-based thermal accelerant (ta) agent on ablation zone volumes following in vivo microwave ablation of porcine liver and skeletal muscle, and to correlate the effects of ta with target organ perfusion. | 2018 | 28540805 |
| insights into reston virus spillovers and adaption from virus whole genome sequences. | reston virus (family filoviridae) is unique among the viruses of the ebolavirus genus in that it is considered non-pathogenic in humans, in contrast to the other members which are highly virulent. the virus has however, been associated with several outbreaks of highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in non-human primates (nhps), specifically cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) originating in the philippines. in addition, reston virus has been isolated from domestic pigs in the philippines. to bett ... | 2017 | 28542463 |
| from the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus (hev) within the swine reservoir to public health risk mitigation strategies: a comprehensive review. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the causative agent of hepatitis e in humans, an emerging zoonosis mainly transmitted via food in developed countries and for which domestic pigs are recognised as the main reservoir. it therefore appears important to understand the features and drivers of hev infection dynamics on pig farms in order to implement hev surveillance programmes and to assess and manage public health risks. the authors have reviewed the international scientific literature on the epidemiolog ... | 2017 | 28545558 |
| atrial myofibroblast activation and connective tissue formation in a porcine model of atrial fibrillation and reduced left ventricular function. | atrial fibrillation (af) is associated with fibrosis that slows electrical conduction and causes perpetuation of the arrhythmia. the molecular characterization of af pathophysiology may provide novel therapeutic options. this study was designed to elucidate profibrotic signaling and myofibroblast activation in a porcine model of atrial tachypacing-induced af and reduced left ventricular function. | 2017 | 28546006 |
| the yucatan minipig temporomandibular joint disc structure-function relationships support its suitability for human comparative studies. | frequent involvement of the disc in temporomandibular joint (tmj) disorders warrants attempts to tissue engineer tmj disc replacements. physiologically, a great degree of similarity is seen between humans and farm pigs (fps), but the pig's rapid growth confers a significant challenge for in vivo experiments. minipigs have a slower growth rate and are smaller than fps, but minipig tmj discs have yet to be fully characterized. the objective of this study was to determine the suitability of the min ... | 2017 | 28548559 |
| glucocorticoid receptor number and affinity differ between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and granulocytes in domestic pigs. | the aim of the present study was to characterize the number and affinity of glucocorticoid receptors (gr) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and granulocytes of domestic pigs because glucocorticoid signaling is considered important for animal health and welfare. to investigate gr binding characteristics in intact porcine immune cells, blood samples of 6 castrated male pigs were collected via indwelling vein catheters. porcine pbmc and granulocytes were isolated using two-layer density ... | 2017 | 28554109 |
| assessing immune competence in pigs by immunization with tetanus toxoid. | immune competence can be tested by challenging organisms with a set of infectious agents. however, disease control requirements impose restrictions on the infliction of infections upon domestic pigs. alternatively, vaccinations induce detectable immune responses that reflect immune competence. here, we tested this approach with tetanus toxoid (tt) in young domestic pigs. to optimize the vaccination protocol, we immunized the pigs with a commercial tt vaccine at the age of 21 or 35 days. booster ... | 2018 | 28554336 |
| preclinical pilot study monitoring topical drug penetration and dermal bioavailability of a peptidase inhibitor from different galenic formulations into pig dermis, using cutaneous microdialysis. | cutaneous microdialysis (cm) is an ex vivo technique that allows study of tissue chemistry, including bioavailability of actual tissue concentration of unbound drug in the interstitial fluid of the body. | 2017 | 28556026 |
| role of stro-1 sorting of porcine dental germ stem cells in dental stem cell-mediated bone tissue engineering. | stem cells of dental origin emerged as a new source for the regeneration of tissues with advantages mainly including non-invasive collection procedures and lack of ethical contraversies with their harvest or use. in this study, porcine tgscs (ptgscs) were isolated from mandibular third molar tooth germs of 6-month-old domestic pigs. this is the first study that reports the isolation and characterization of tgscs from porcine third molars and their differentiation depending on stro-1 expression. ... | 2017 | 28562085 |
| renal adiposity confounds quantitative assessment of markers of renal diffusion with mri: a proposed correction method. | recent studies have indicated that excessive fat may confound assessment of diffusion in organs with high fat content, such as the liver and breast. however, the extent of this effect in the kidney, which is not considered a major fat deposition site, remains unclear. this study tested the hypothesis that renal fat may impact diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) parameters, and proposes a 3-compartment model (tcm) to circumvent this effect. | 2017 | 28562413 |
| mastering lymphatic microsurgery: a new training model in living tissue. | advanced microsurgical techniques have emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of lymphedema, but achieving international standards is limited by a scarcity of adequate training models. the purpose of this report is to describe our in vivo porcine training model for microsurgery. | 2017 | 28570444 |
| a bivalent dendrimeric peptide bearing a t-cell epitope from foot-and-mouth disease virus protein 3a improves humoral response against classical swine fever virus. | three dendrimeric peptides were synthesized in order to evaluate their immunogenicity and their potential protection against classical swine fever virus (csfv) in domestic pigs. construct 1, an optimized version of a previously used dendrimer, had four copies of a b-cell epitope derived from csfv e2 glycoprotein connected to an also csfv-derived t-cell epitope through maleimide instead of thioether linkages. construct 2 was similarly built but included only two copies of the b-cell epitope, and ... | 2017 | 28571760 |
| normal developmental and estrous cycle-dependent histological features of the female reproductive organs in microminipigs. | the microminipig has become an increasingly attractive animal model for various experimental practices because of its manageable size; however, studies of the histological features of the female reproductive organs in microminipigs are limited. the present study investigates the sexual development of the reproductive organs and the cyclical changes during the estrous cycle in female microminipigs. the ovaries, oviducts, uteri, and vaginal tissues from 33 animals aged 0 to 26 months were utilized ... | 2017 | 28580886 |
| impact of direct epispinal stimulation on bladder and bowel functions in pigs: a feasibility study. | this study assesses the potential of epispinal (subdural) stimulation application in the treatment of urinary and bowel neurological disorders. acute experiments were performed on a large animal model - the domestic pig - to develop a new methodology facilitating future results and technology transfers to human. | 2018 | 28605134 |
| periosteal elevation induces supracortical peri-implant bone formation. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of supracortical peri-implant bone formation after periosteal elevation. | 2017 | 28606438 |
| repeated subretinal surgery and removal of subretinal decalin is well tolerated - evidence from a porcine model. | subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (pfcl) is a serious complication that can occur after retinal detachment repair. it is possible to remove the pfcl surgically, but retinal damage related to the procedure is unknown. also, increasing interest in subretinal treatment makes it relevant to examine the functional and morphological consequences of repeated subretinal manipulation. we hypothesized that pfcl in a porcine model can be injected in the subretinal space and removed with minimal effect on r ... | 2017 | 28608271 |
| genome-wide dynamics of nascent noncoding rna transcription in porcine heart after myocardial infarction. | microarrays and rna sequencing are widely used to profile transcriptome remodeling during myocardial ischemia. however, the steady-state rna analysis lacks in sensitivity to detect all noncoding rna species and does not provide separation between transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations. here, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of nascent rna profiles of mrnas, primary micro-rnas, long noncoding rnas, and enhancer rnas in a large animal model of acute infarction. | 2017 | 28611032 |
| coping style modifies general and affective autonomic reactions of domestic pigs in different behavioral contexts. | based on individual adaptive strategies (coping), animals may react differently to environmental challenges in terms of behavior and physiology according to their emotional perception. emotional valence as well as arousal may be derived by measuring vagal and sympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system (ans). we investigated the situation-dependent autonomic response of 16 domestic pigs with either a reactive or a proactive coping style, previously selected according to the backtest which i ... | 2017 | 28611608 |
| epidemiological studies on trichinellosis in pigs (sus scofa) in india. | the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic pigs (sus scrofa)in india. a total of 319 tissue and 279 serum samples were collected from 279 slaughter pigs. the samples were collected from small slaughter shops located in assam, chandigarh (union territory), punjab and uttarakhand states of the country. the presence oftrichinellaspp. antibodies in serum was determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kit and tiss ... | 2017 | 28615865 |
| adrenergic regulation of cytoplasmic structures related to secretory processes in pig pinealocytes-an ultrastructural, quantitative study. | two structures, considered as secretory in nature, are present in the pinealocytes in of the domestic pig show the presence of two structures, which are considered as secretory in nature - the dense core vesicles (dcv) and the membrane bounded (dense) bodies (mbb). the latter are extremely numerous in pig pinealocytes (they occupy 6-20% of the cytoplasm), and the number of mbb changes under different physiological and experimental conditions. norepinephrine is the main neurotransmitter that regu ... | 2017 | 28622599 |
| survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (sus scrofa) from guam, marianna islands, usa. | pigs (sus scrofa) were introduced to guam in the 1600's and are now present in high densities throughout the island. wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and leptospira interrogans has been documented in domestic swine but data from wild pigs are lacking. the close proximity of humans, domestic animals, and wild pigs, combined with the liberal hunting of wild pigs, results in frequent oppo ... | 2017 | 28622856 |
| protein requirements of collared peccary (pecari tajacu). | a nitrogen (n) balance digestion trial was conducted to determine the protein requirement of collared peccaries (pecari tajacu). in a 4 × 4 latin square design, four captive adult male peccaries were fed four isoenergy diets containing four different levels of n (11.7, 16.3, 22.8, and 26.7 g n/kg of dry matter-dm). after 15 days of adaptation, a total collection of feces and urine was carried out for five consecutive days. regression analyses between n intake and n in feces and urine allowed to ... | 2017 | 28623602 |
| annotation of the domestic pig genome by quantitative proteogenomics. | the pig is one of the earliest domesticated animals in the history of human civilization and represents one of the most important livestock animals. the recent sequencing of the sus scrofa genome was a major step toward the comprehensive understanding of porcine biology, evolution, and its utility as a promising large animal model for biomedical and xenotransplantation research. however, the functional and structural annotation of the sus scrofa genome is far from complete. here, we present mass ... | 2017 | 28625053 |
| novel pestivirus species in pigs, austria, 2015. | a novel pestivirus species was discovered in a piglet-producing farm in austria during virologic examinations of congenital tremor cases. the emergence of this novel pestivirus species, provisionally termed linda virus, in domestic pigs may have implications for classical swine fever virus surveillance and porcine health management. | 2017 | 28628456 |
| safety and efficacy of new biodegradable polymer-based sirolimus-eluting stents in a preclinical model. | new drug-eluting stents (des) designed to overcome the limitations of existing devices should initially be tested in preclinical studies. our objective was to analyze the safety and efficacy of new biodegradable polymer-based des compared with bare-metal stents (bms) and commercially available des in a model of normal porcine coronary arteries. | 2017 | 28647315 |
| leptospira diversity in animals and humans in tahiti, french polynesia. | leptospirosis is a highly endemic bacterial zoonosis in french polynesia (fp). nevertheless, data on the epidemiology of leptospirosis in fp are scarce. we conducted molecular studies on leptospira isolated from humans and the potential main animal reservoirs in order to identify the most likely sources for human infection. | 2017 | 28658269 |
| randomized controlled trial comparing submucosal endoscopy with mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in the esophagus and stomach: animal study. | in western countries, endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) has not prevailed as a result of training problems and a target patient population. we have previously reported a hybrid esd technique, submucosal endoscopy with mucosal resection (semr), in which the submucosal dissection is carried out chiefly by blunt balloon dissection. we have also reported successful application in the porcine colon. in the present study, we compared the safety and efficacy of semr with esd in the porcine esophag ... | 2018 | 28664661 |
| endoluminal nd:yag laser application in ex vivo biliary porcine tissue. | adequate biliary drainage with endoscopic or percutaneous placement of self-expandable metal stents represents the goal of palliation in patients with inoperable malignant obstruction of the biliary tree. as an adjunct to stenting, various tissue ablation treatments have been proposed with conflicting results. the aim of this study was to test the effect on biliary tissue of a new ablation technique based on nd:yag laser light delivery. the study was conducted on ex vivo specimens of 18 healthy ... | 2017 | 28667507 |
| physiological mechanisms through which heat stress compromises reproduction in pigs. | seasonal variations in environmental temperatures impose added stress on domestic species bred for economically important production traits. these heat-mediated stressors vary on a seasonal, daily, or spatial scale, and negatively impact behavior and reduce feed intake and growth rate, which inevitably lead to reduced herd productivity. the seasonal infertility observed in domestic swine is primarily characterized by depressed reproductive performance, which manifests as delayed puberty onset, r ... | 2017 | 28667793 |
| a high sucrose and high fat diet induced the development of insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle of bama miniature pigs through the akt/glut4 pathway. | a high sucrose and high fat (hshf) diet induces insulin resistance (ir) and increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized. this study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which the hshf diet impairs insulin sensitivity in bama miniature pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). twelve bama miniature pigs were randomly assigned to the control diet (cd) group (n=6) or the hshf group (n=6) for 6 months. biochemical parameters wer ... | 2017 | 28674285 |
| immunoregulatory effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells in a porcine ex vivo lung perfusion model. | primary graft dysfunction (pgd) is considered to be the end result of an inflammatory response targeting the new lung allograft after transplant. previous research has indicated that mapc cell therapy might attenuate this injury by its paracrine effects on the pro-/anti-inflammatory balance. this study aims to investigate the immunoregulatory capacities of mapc cells in pgd when administered in the airways. | 2017 | 28676074 |
| preclinical efficacy and safety of kcnh2-g628s gene therapy for postoperative atrial fibrillation. | postoperative atrial fibrillation (poaf) is the most common complication occurring after cardiac surgery. multiple studies have shown significantly increased risks of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death associated with poaf. current prophylaxis strategies are inadequate to eliminate this problem. we examined the preclinical efficacy and safety of kcnh2-g628s gene transfer to prevent poaf. | 2017 | 28676183 |
| an immuno-chromatographic lateral flow assay (lfa) for rapid on-the-farm detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv). | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious and potentially fatal disease of domestic pigs. classical swine fever is routinely diagnosed by clinical signs, serology, detection of csf virus (csfv) nucleic acid by pcr and virus isolation. most of the current csf diagnostic methods are expensive and have an extended turnaround time. in the majority of the csf endemic countries, lack of easy access to diagnostic facilities is a major problem for swine producers trying to obtain early diagnosi ... | 2017 | 28685287 |
| genetically modified pigs as organ donors for xenotransplantation. | the growing shortage of available organs is a major problem in transplantology. thus, new and alternative sources of organs need to be found. one promising solution could be xenotransplantation, i.e., the use of animal cells, tissues and organs. the domestic pig is the optimum donor for such transplants. however, xenogeneic transplantation from pigs to humans involves high immune incompatibility and a complex rejection process. the rapid development of genetic engineering techniques enables geno ... | 2017 | 28698981 |
| experimental transmission of the chronic wasting disease agent to swine after oral or intracranial inoculation. | chronic wasting disease (cwd) is a naturally occurring, fatal neurodegenerative disease of cervids. the potential for swine to serve as a host for the agent of chronic wasting disease is unknown. the purpose of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of swine to the cwd agent following experimental oral or intracranial inoculation. crossbred piglets were assigned to one of three groups: intracranially inoculated (n=20), orally inoculated (n=19), or non-inoculated (n=9). at approximately ... | 2017 | 28701407 |
| detection of african swine fever virus in the tissues of asymptomatic pigs in smallholder farming systems along the kenya-uganda border: implications for transmission in endemic areas and asf surveillance in east africa. | the persistence of african swine fever virus (asfv) in endemic areas, with small-scale but regular outbreaks in domestic pigs, is not well understood. asfv has not been detected using conventional diagnosis in these pigs or adjacent populations of resistant african wild pigs, that could act as potential carriers during the outbreaks. however, such data are crucial for the design of evidence-based control strategies. we conducted cross-sectional (1107 pigs) and longitudinal (100 pigs) monitoring ... | 2017 | 28721858 |
| us feral swine were exposed to both avian and swine influenza a viruses. | influenza a viruses (iavs) in swine can cause sporadic infections and pandemic outbreaks among humans, but how avian iav emerges in swine is still unclear. unlike domestic swine, feral swine are free ranging and have many opportunities for iav exposure through contacts with various habitats and animals, including migratory waterfowl, a natural reservoir for iavs. during 2010--2013, 8,239 serum samples were collected from feral swine across 35 us states and tested against 45 contemporary antigeni ... | 2017 | 28733290 |
| evaluation of blowfly larvae (diptera: calliphoridae) as possible reservoirs and mechanical vectors of african swine fever virus. | in 2014, highly virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) was introduced into the baltic states and poland, with new cases being reported almost every week from wild boar and also from domestic pigs. contrary to initial predictions that the disease would either die out due to the high virulence of the virus strain or spread rapidly in westerly direction, the infection became endemic and spread slowly. the unexpected disease epidemiology led to the hypothesis that hitherto unconsidered factors mi ... | 2017 | 28762629 |
| species identification in meat products: a new screening method based on high resolution melting analysis of cyt b gene. | meat adulteration by substitution with lower value products and/or mislabeling involves economic, health, quality and socio-religious issues. therefore, identification and traceability of meat species has become an important subject to detect possible fraudulent practices. in the present study the development of a high resolution melt (hrm) screening method for the identification of eight common meat species is reported. samples from bos taurus, ovis aries, sus scrofa domestica, equus caballus, ... | 2017 | 28764056 |
| brucellosis in mammals of costa rica: an epidemiological survey. | brucellosis has been an endemic disease of cattle and humans in costa rica since the beginning of xx century. however, brucellosis in sheep, goats, pigs, water buffaloes, horses and cetaceans, has not been reported in the country. we have performed a brucellosis survey in these host mammal species, from 1999-2016. in addition, we have documented the number of human brucellosis reported cases, from 2003-2016. the brucellosis seroprevalence in goat and sheep herds was 0.98% and 0.7% respectively, ... | 2017 | 28793352 |
| a test for paedomorphism in domestic pig cranial morphology. | domestic animals are often described as paedomorphic, meaning that they retain juvenile characteristics into adulthood. through a three-dimensional landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis of cranial morphology at three growth stages, we demonstrate that wild boar (n= 138) and domestic pigs (n= 106) (sus scrofa) follow distinct ontogenetic trajectories. with the exception of the size ratio between facial and neurocranial regions, paedomorphism does not appear to be the primary pattern desc ... | 2017 | 28794276 |
| quantitative approach for the risk assessment of african swine fever and classical swine fever introduction into the united states through legal imports of pigs and swine products. | the us livestock safety strongly depends on its capacity to prevent the introduction of transboundary animal diseases (tads). therefore, accurate and updated information on the location and origin of those potential tads risks is essential, so preventive measures as market restrictions can be put on place. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the current risk of african swine fever (asf) and classical swine fever (csf) introduction into the us through the legal importations of live ... | 2017 | 28797058 |
| cross-species transmission potential between wild pigs, livestock, poultry, wildlife, and humans: implications for disease risk management in north america. | cross-species disease transmission between wildlife, domestic animals and humans is an increasing threat to public and veterinary health. wild pigs are increasingly a potential veterinary and public health threat. here we investigate 84 pathogens and the host species most at risk for transmission with wild pigs using a network approach. we assess the risk to agricultural and human health by evaluating the status of these pathogens and the co-occurrence of wild pigs, agriculture and humans. we id ... | 2017 | 28798293 |
| origin and dispersal of early domestic pigs in northern china. | it is widely accepted that modern pigs were domesticated independently at least twice, and chinese native pigs are deemed as direct descendants of the first domesticated pigs in the corresponding domestication centers. by analyzing mitochondrial dna sequences of an extensive sample set spanning 10,000 years, we find that the earliest pigs from the middle yellow river region already carried the maternal lineages that are dominant in both younger archaeological populations and modern chinese pigs. ... | 2017 | 28798357 |
| effect of ha330 resin-directed hemoadsorption on a porcine acute respiratory distress syndrome model. | blood purification is an emerging approach to dampening the cytokine storm. this study aims to assess the efficacy of ha330 resin-directed hemoadsorption (ha) on endotoxin-induced porcine acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) model. | 2017 | 28808944 |
| convergent and divergent genetic changes in the genome of chinese and european pigs. | since 10,000 bc, continuous human selection has led to intense genetic and phenotypic changes in pig (sus scrofa) domestication. through whole genome analysis of 257 individuals, we demonstrated artificial unidirectional and bidirectional selection as the primary force to shape the convergent and divergent changes between chinese domestic pigs (chd) and european domestic pigs (eud). we identified 31 genes in unidirectional selection regions that might be related to fundamental domestication requ ... | 2017 | 28819228 |
| full-length genome of a novel genotype 3 hepatitis e virus strain obtained from domestic pigs in japan. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes acute or chronic hepatitis in humans and can be transmitted via the fecal-oral route. pigs are one of the main reservoirs for this infection. sixty pigs, 4-5 months of age, on a swine herd in japan had detectable anti-hev igg antibodies, and five (8.3%) of them had ongoing infection of genotype 3 hev. five hev strains obtained from the viremic pigs shared 98.8-100% nucleotide identity, and one representative strain (swhe1606845), whose entire genomic sequence was d ... | 2017 | 28822700 |
| multiple stent delivery system multi-loc, a new technology for spot-stenting of the femoropopliteal artery - proof of concept study in a preclinical large animal model. | a new stent system was studied in a porcine model to evaluate its feasibility for spot-stenting of the femoropopliteal artery. | 2017 | 28825354 |
| genetics of body fat mass and related traits in a pig population selected for leanness. | obesity is characterized as the excessive accumulation of body fat and has a complex genetic foundation in humans including monogenic high-risk mutations and polygenic contributions. domestic pigs represent a valuable model on an obesity-promoting high-caloric diet while constantly evaluated for body characteristics. as such, we investigated the genetics of obesity-related traits, comprising subcutaneous fat thickness, lean mass percentage, and growth rate, in a pig population. we conducted geno ... | 2017 | 28831160 |
| the epidemiology of african swine fever in "nonendemic" regions of zambia (1989-2015): implications for disease prevention and control. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious and deadly viral hemorrhagic disease of swine. in zambia, asf was first reported in 1912 in eastern province and is currently believed to be endemic in that province only. strict quarantine measures implemented at the luangwa river bridge, the only surface outlet from eastern province, appeared to be successful in restricting the disease. however, in 1989, an outbreak occurred for the first time outside the endemic province. sporadic outbreaks hav ... | 2017 | 28832525 |
| the impact of alteplase on pulmonary graft function in donation after circulatory death - an experimental study. | lung transplantation is hampered by the lack of organs resulting in deaths on the waiting list. the usage of donation after circulatory death (dcd) lungs would dramatically increase donor availability. the most optimal organ preservation method, and the need for antithrombotic and fibrinolytic treatment to prevent thrombosis in the donor lungs is currently on debate. the present study investigated, in a simulated clinical dcd situation, whether the addition of alteplase in the flush-perfusion so ... | 2017 | 28839932 |
| investigations of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors affecting african swine fever virus replication and pathogenesis. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large dna virus that replicates predominantly in the cell cytoplasm and is the only member of the asfarviridae family. the virus causes an acute haemorrhagic fever, african swine fever (asf), in domestic pigs and wild boar resulting in the death of most infected animals. apoptosis is induced at an early stage during virus entry or uncoating. however, asfv encodes anti-apoptotic proteins which facilitate production of progeny virions. these anti-apoptotic pro ... | 2017 | 28841179 |
| n(pro) his49 and e(rns) lys412 mutations in pig bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 synergistically enhance the cellular antiviral response. | type i interferons are major components of the innate immune response of hosts, and accordingly, many viruses have evolved mechanisms to modulate the host response during infection. bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) nonstructural protein n(pro) and structural protein e(rns) play important roles in inhibiting type i interferon. the aim of this study was to explore the epistatic effects of amino acid mutations in n(pro) and e(rns) in porcine st cells to characterize the immune response induced by ... | 2017 | 28852929 |
| synthesis, radiofluorination, and preliminary evaluation of the potential 5-ht2areceptor agonists [18f]cimbi-92 and [18f]cimbi-150. | an agonist pet tracer is of key interest for the imaging of the 5-ht2areceptor, as exemplified by the previously reported success of [11c]cimbi-36. fluorine-18 holds several advantages over carbon-11, making it the radionuclide of choice for clinical purposes. in this respect, an18f-labelled agonist 5-ht2areceptor (5-ht2ar) tracer is highly sought after. herein, we report a 2-step, 1-pot labelling methodology of 2 tracer candidates. both ligands display high in vitro affinities for the 5-ht2ar. ... | 2017 | 28856700 |
| corrigendum. | sayler ka, bigelow t, koster lg, swenson s, bounds c, hernández f, wisely sm. development of a rapid, simple, and specific real-time pcr assay for detection of pseudorabies viral dna in domestic swine herds. j vet diagn invest 2017;29:522-528. (original doi:10.1177/1040638717706593). in the article titled "development of a rapid, simple, and specific real-time pcr assay for detection of pseudorabies viral dna in domestic swine herds" by katherine a. sayler et al., the acknowledgements section, s ... | 2017 | 28859602 |
| genomic characteristics ofbifidobacterium thermacidophilumpig isolates and wild boar isolates reveal the unique presence of a putative mobile genetic element withtetwfor pig farm isolates. | genomic analysis was performed on seven strains ofbifidobacterium thermacidophilum, asus-associatedbifidobacterium. three strains from the feces of domestic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) and four strains from the rectal feces of free-range japanese wild boars (s. s. scrofa) were compared. the phylogenetic position of these isolates suggested by genomic analyses were not concordant with that suggested by 16s rrna sequence. there was biased distribution of genes for virulence, phage, metabolism of ... | 2017 | 28861055 |
| a novel culture method reveals unique neural stem/progenitors in mature porcine iris tissues that differentiate into neuronal and rod photoreceptor-like cells. | iris neural stem/progenitor cells from mature porcine eyes were investigated using a new protocol for tissue culture, which consists of dispase treatment and matrigel embedding. we used a number of culture conditions and found an intense differentiation of neuronal cells from both the iris pigmented epithelial (ipe) cells and the stroma tissue cells. rod photoreceptor-like cells were also observed but mostly in a later stage of culture. neuronal differentiation does not require any additives suc ... | 2017 | 28866055 |
| immortalization and characterization of porcine macrophages that had been transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding the sv40 large t antigen and porcine telomerase reverse transcriptase. | the domestic pig is an important agricultural animal, and thus, infectious diseases that affect pigs can cause severe economic losses in the global swine industry. various porcine pathogens target macrophages, which are classical innate immune cells. although macrophages basically protect the host from pathogens, they also seem to contribute to infectious processes. therefore, cultured macrophages can be used to developin vitromodels for studying not only genes associated with porcine innate imm ... | 2017 | 28871285 |
| reduced virulence of a pseudorabies virus isolate from wild boar origin in domestic pigs correlates with hampered visceral spread and age-dependent reduced neuroinvasive capacity. | morbidity and mortality associated with pseudorabies virus (prv) infection are dependent on the age of the pig and the virulence of the strain. prv strains circulating in wild boar are considered to be low virulent, but no mechanistic explanation for their reduced virulence is available. here infection of 2- and 15-week-old domestic pigs with the prv wild boar strain bel24043 did not induce clinical symptoms in 15-week-old pigs, but resulted in important neurological and respiratory disease in 2 ... | 2017 | 28873002 |
| evidence for a primate origin of zoonotic helicobacter suis colonizing domesticated pigs. | helicobacter suis is the second most prevalent helicobacter species in the stomach of humans suffering from gastric disease. this bacterium mainly inhabits the stomach of domesticated pigs, in which it causes gastric disease, but it appears to be absent in wild boars. interestingly, it also colonizes the stomach of asymptomatic rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. the origin of modern human-, pig- or non-human primate-associated h. suis strains in these respective host populations was hitherto unknown ... | 2017 | 28885626 |
| evolution and genome specialization of brucella suis biovar 2 iberian lineages. | swine brucellosis caused by b. suis biovar 2 is an emergent disease in domestic pigs in europe. the emergence of this pathogen has been linked to the increase of extensive pig farms and the high density of infected wild boars (sus scrofa). in portugal and spain, the majority of strains share specific molecular characteristics, which allowed establishing an iberian clonal lineage. however, several strains isolated from wild boars in the north-east region of spain are similar to strains isolated i ... | 2017 | 28899413 |
| persistence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae sequence types in spite of a control program for enzootic pneumonia in pigs. | enzootic pneumonia (ep) in pigs caused by mycoplasma (m.) hyopneumoniae has successfully been combatted in switzerland. a control program was fully implemented in 2004 which is based on total depopulation strategies of affected fattening farms as well as partial depopulation on breeding farms. thereby, the number of cases has dropped drastically from more than 200 in 2003 to two cases in 2013. currently monitoring is done based on clinical observation and subsequent diagnostic of coughing pigs. ... | 2017 | 28903876 |
| vocal correlates of emotional reactivity within and across contexts in domestic pigs (sus scrofa). | vocalizations have long been recognized to encode information about an individual's emotional state and, as such, have contributed to the study of emotions in animals. however, the potential of vocalizations to also encode information about an individual's emotional reactivity has received much less attention. in this study, we aimed to test whether the vocalizations of domestic pigs contain correlates of emotional reactivity that are consistent between different contexts. we recorded vocalizati ... | 2017 | 28912089 |
| diagnostic specificity of the african swine fever virus antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in feral and domestic pigs in the united states. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious haemorrhagic disease of pigs that has the potential to cause mortality nearing 100% in naïve animals. while an outbreak of asf in the united states' pig population (domestic and feral) has never been reported, an introduction of the disease has the potential to cause devastation to the pork industry and food security. during the recovery phase of an outbreak, an antibody detection diagnostic assay would be required to prove freedom of disease with ... | 2017 | 28921873 |
| genetic characterization of african swine fever virus isolates from soft ticks at the wildlife/domestic interface in mozambique and identification of a novel genotype. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is one of the most threatening infectious diseases of pigs. there are not sufficient data to indicate the importance of the sylvatic cycle in the spread and maintenance of the disease locally and potentially, globally. to assess the capacity to maintain asf in the environment, we investigated the presence of soft tickreservoirs of asfv in gorongosa national park (gnp) and its surrounding villages. a total of 1,658 soft ticks were recovered from warthog burrows an ... | 2017 | 28921895 |
| genome-wide snp data unveils the globalization of domesticated pigs. | pigs were domesticated independently in eastern and western eurasia early during the agricultural revolution, and have since been transported and traded across the globe. here, we present a worldwide survey on 60k genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) data for 2093 pigs, including 1839 domestic pigs representing 122 local and commercial breeds, 215 wild boars, and 39 out-group suids, from asia, europe, america, oceania and africa. the aim of this study was to infer global patterns in ... | 2017 | 28934946 |
| seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus antibodies in domestic pigs in mexico. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is one of the most common causes of acute liver diseases in humans worldwide. in developing countries, hev is commonly associated with waterborne outbreaks. conversely, in industrialized countries, hev infection is often associated with travel to endemic regions or ingestion of contaminated animal products. limited information on both, human and animal hev infection in mexico is available. as a consequence, the distribution of the virus in the country is largely ... | 2017 | 28934965 |
| multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for the differential detection of porcine circovirus 2 and 3. | a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (mqpcr) assay was developed for the rapid and differential detection of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and pcv3. each of the capsid genes of pcv2 and pcv3 were amplified using specific primers and probe sets, while no other porcine pathogen genes were detected. limit of detection of the assay was below 50 copies of the target genes of pcv2 and pcv3, and was comparable to that of previously described methods the assay showed high repeatabi ... | 2017 | 28941615 |
| single step genome-wide association studies based on genotyping by sequence data reveals novel loci for the litter traits of domestic pigs. | in this study, data genotyping by sequence (gbs) was used to perform single step gwas (ssgwas) to identify snps associated with the litter traits in domestic pigs and search for candidate genes in the region of significant snps. after quality control, 167,355 high-quality snps from 532 pigs were obtained. phenotypic traits on 2112 gilt litters from 532 pigs were recorded including total number born (tnb), number born alive (nba), and litter weight born alive (lwb). a single-step genomic blup app ... | 2017 | 28943389 |
| peri-conceptional under-nutrition alters transcriptomic profile in the endometrium during the peri-implantation period-the study in domestic pigs. | female under-nutrition during early pregnancy may affect the physiological pattern of the transcriptomic profile in the endometrium. we aimed to determine if restricted diet applied to females during peri-conceptional period, that is, from the onset of the oestrus until day nine of pregnancy, alters transcriptomic profile in the endometrium during the peri-implantation period. the restricted diet gilts were fed forage, in which the dose of proteins and energy had been reduced by 30% compared to ... | 2018 | 28944507 |
| hepatitis e virus and related viruses in wild, domestic and zoo animals: a review. | hepatitis e is a human disease mainly characterized by acute liver illness, which is caused by infection with the hepatitis e virus (hev). large hepatitis e outbreaks have been described in developing countries; however, the disease is also increasingly recognized in industrialized countries. mortality rates up to 25% have been described for pregnant women during outbreaks in developing countries. in addition, chronic disease courses could be observed in immunocompromised transplant patients. wh ... | 2018 | 28944602 |
| interventional magnetic resonance imaging guided carotid embolectomy using a novel resonant marker catheter: demonstration of preclinical feasibility. | to assess the visualization and efficacy of a wireless resonant circuit (wrc) catheter system for carotid artery occlusion and embolectomy under real-time mri guidance in vivo, and to compare mr imaging modality with x-ray for analysis of qualitative physiological measures of blood flow at baseline and after embolectomy. the wrc catheter system was constructed using a mr compatible peek fiber braided catheter (penumbra, inc, alameda, ca) with a single insulated longitudinal copper loop soldered ... | 2017 | 28948399 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected domestic pigs in northern serbia. | insufficiently cooked pork is considered as an important source of human infection with toxoplasma gondii. the aim of our study was to investigate the presence of t. gondii in pigs intended for human consumption from northern serbia. blood and diaphragm samples were collected from 182 naturally infected market-weight pigs, originating from both commercial farms and smallholdings. sera were examined using modified agglutination test (mat), and diaphragms from seropositive, as well as from some ma ... | 2017 | 28956155 |