Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| changes in saliva biomarkers of stress and immunity in domestic pigs exposed to a psychosocial stressor. | a combination of salivary biomarkers measured at the same time, reflecting the different systems that are involved in the stress mechanism, could be the best tool for its evaluation. in this study, changes in a panel of salivary biomarkers of stress and immunity including chromogranin a (cga), iga, cortisol, testosterone, haptoglobin (hp) and c-reactive protein (crp), were evaluated. a total of 14 (7 control and 7 test) crossbred duroc × (landrace × large white) males of 190 days of age were use ... | 2015 | 26412517 |
| the importance of the canonical wnt signaling pathway in the porcine endometrial stromal stem/progenitor cells: implications for regeneration. | the regenerative ability of the endometrium is strongly associated with the presence of adult stem/progenitor cells. purposes of the present study were (1) to establish the presence of stem/progenitor cells in porcine endometrial stroma using a clonogenic assay and (2) to investigate whether the canonical wnt pathway affects the potential of stem/progenitor cells to undergo self-renewal or differentiation. the utility of endometrial stromal clones as a model for stem/progenitor studies was evalu ... | 2015 | 26414529 |
| percutaneous renal access: surgical factors involved in the acute reduction of renal function. | studies in patients and experimental animals have shown that percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) can acutely impair glomerular filtration and renal perfusion, but the factors contributing to this decline in renal function are unknown. the present study assessed the contribution of needle puncture of the kidney vs dilation of the needle tract to the acute decline in renal hemodynamic and tubular transport function associated with pcnl surgery. | 2016 | 26415144 |
| osteochondrosis, but not lameness, is more frequent among free-range pigs than confined herd-mates. | organic pig production is expanding and amongst the objectives of organic farming are enhancing animal health and welfare. however, some studies have reported a higher prevalence of lameness and joint condemnation at slaughter in free-range/organic pigs than in conventionally raised pigs. organic slaughter pigs have free-range housing in which indoor and outdoor access is compulsory, while in conventional farming the pigs are commonly confined to indoor pens. the present study evaluated the effe ... | 2015 | 26416598 |
| perirenal fat promotes renal arterial endothelial dysfunction in obese swine through tumor necrosis factor-α. | perirenal fat is associated with poor blood pressure control and chronic kidney disease but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. we tested the hypothesis that perirenal fat impairs renal arterial endothelial function in pigs with obesity-metabolic derangements. | 2016 | 26417644 |
| approaches to characterize extended spectrum beta-lactamase/beta-lactamase producing escherichia coli in healthy organized vis-a-vis backyard farmed pigs in india. | the study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence and to characterize the esbl/beta-lactamase producing-escherichia coli in healthy pigs of organized and backyard farms in west bengal, india. total 200 rectal swabs were collected randomly from healthy pigs maintained in four organized farms and 10 backyard farms (n=100 each) and 76 isolates were identified as e. coli from organized (48/100, 48%) and backyard pigs (28/100, 28%). twelve e. coli isolates (6%) in the present study were detected ... | 2015 | 26423671 |
| comparison of heart rate and blood pressure with toe pinch and bispectral index for monitoring the depth of anesthesia in piglets. | determining depth of anesthesia (doa) is a clinical challenge in veterinary medicine, yet it is critical for the appropriate oversight of animals involved in potentially painful experimental procedures. here, we investigated various parameters used to monitor conscious awareness during surgical procedures and refined the application of noxious stimuli to anesthetized animals. specifically we used a common stimulus, a compressive toe pinch (tp), to determine physiologic changes that accompanied a ... | 0 | 26424252 |
| pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur crystalline free acid in male rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) after subcutaneous administration. | trauma is a common sequela to agonistic social encounters in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta), and veterinarians often prescribe antibiotics as part of a balanced treatment plan. long-acting, single-dose, injectable antibiotics for use in rhesus macaques are unavailable currently. ceftiofur crystalline free acid (ccfa) is a long-acting, single-dose, injectable third-generation cephalosporin that provides at least 7 d of ceftiofur therapeutic plasma concentrations in swine (sus scrofa domesticus) ... | 0 | 26424255 |
| detection of genetic diversity and selection at the coding region of the melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) gene in tibetan pigs and landrace pigs. | domestication and subsequent selective pressures have produced a large variety of pig coat colors in different regions and breeds. the melanocortin 1 receptor (mc1r) gene plays a crucial role in determining coat color of mammals. here, we investigated genetic diversity and selection at the coding region of the porcine melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) in tibetan pigs and landrace pigs. by contrast, genetic variability was much lower in landrace pigs than in tibetan pigs. meanwhile, haplotype analys ... | 2016 | 26431999 |
| experimental transmission of african swine fever (asf) low virulent isolate nh/p68 by surviving pigs. | african swine fever (asf) has persisted in eastern europe since 2007, and two endemic zones have been identified in the central and southern parts of the russian federation. moderate- to low-virulent asf virus isolates are known to circulate in endemic asf-affected regions. to improve our knowledge of virus transmission in animals recovered from asf virus infection, an experimental in vivo study was carried out. four domestic pigs were inoculated with the nh/p68 asf virus, previously characteriz ... | 2015 | 26432068 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus rna in raw sausages and liver sausages from retail in germany using an optimized method. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a pathogen of increasing importance, which can be zoonotically transmitted from domestic pigs, wild boar, and deer to humans. foodborne transmission by consumption of raw and undercooked liver, meat, or sausages prepared from infected animals has been documented. the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of hev in different types of sausages sold in germany. as no standardized methods for hev detection in food exist, several techniques of sample homogen ... | 2015 | 26433460 |
| morphological aspects and physical properties of enamel and dentine of sus domesticus: a tooth model in laboratory research. | this study aims to describe and analyze morphological and physical properties of deciduous teeth of sus domesticus. ultrastructural analysis, mineral composition and microhardness of enamel and dentine tissues were performed on 10 skulls of s. domesticus. external anatomic characteristics and the internal anatomy of the teeth were also described. data regarding microhardness and ultrastructural analysis were subjected to statistical tests. for ultrastructural analysis, we used the analysis of va ... | 2015 | 26434756 |
| a lentiviral vector expressing japanese encephalitis virus-like particles elicits broad neutralizing antibody response in pigs. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is the major cause of viral encephalitis in southeast asia. vaccination of domestic pigs has been suggested as a "one health" strategy to reduce viral disease transmission to humans. the efficiency of two lentiviral trip/jev vectors expressing the jev envelope prm and e glycoproteins at eliciting protective humoral response was assessed in a mouse model and piglets. | 2015 | 26437302 |
| epidemiological overview of african swine fever in uganda (2001-2012). | african swine fever (asf) is a contagious viral disease, which can cause up to 100% mortality among domestic pigs. in uganda there is paucity of information on the epidemiology of the disease, hence a study was carried out to elucidate the patterns of asf outbreaks. spatial and temporal analyses were performed with data collected monthly by the district veterinary officers (dvos) and sent to the central administration at maaif from 2001 to 2012. additionally, risk factors and the associated char ... | 2013 | 26464916 |
| miniature swine as a clinically relevant model of graft-versus-host disease. | miniature swine provide a preclinical model of hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct) for studies of graft-versus-host disease. hct between mhc-matched or -mismatched pigs can be performed to mimic clinical scenarios with outcomes that closely resemble those observed in human hct recipients. with myeloablative conditioning, hct across mhc barriers is typically fatal, with pigs developing severe (grade iii or iv) gvhd involving the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. unlike rodent models, ... | 0 | 26473348 |
| pulse oximetry: a non-invasive, novel marker for the quality of chest compressions in porcine models of cardiac arrest. | pulse oximetry, which noninvasively detects the blood flow of peripheral tissue, has achieved widespread clinical use. we have noticed that the better the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr), the better the appearance of pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform (pop). we investigated whether the area under the curve (auc) and/or the amplitude (amp) of pop could be used to monitor the quality of cpr. | 2015 | 26485651 |
| dynamics of necrophagous insect and tissue bacteria for postmortem interval estimation during the warm season in romania. | the estimation of postmortem interval (pmi) is affected by several factors including the cause of death, the place where the body lay after death, and the weather conditions during decomposition. given the climatic differences among biogeographic locations, the understanding of necrophagous insect species biology and ecology is required when estimating pmi. the current experimental model was developed in romania during the warm season in an outdoor location. the aim of the study was to identify ... | 2016 | 26487246 |
| effects of hydrogen sulfide (h2s) on mesenteric perfusion in experimental induced intestinal ischemia in a porcine model. | insufficient mesenteric perfusion is a dramatic complication in critically ill patients. hydrogen sulfide, a newly recognized endogenous gaseous mediator, acts as an intestinal vasoactive agent and seems to protect against mesenteric ischemic damage. we investigated whether sodium hydrogen sulfide, a hydrogen sulfide donor, can improve mesenteric perfusion in an experimental model of pigs, both in physiological and ischemic conditions. | 2015 | 26495269 |
| intraindividual comparison of image quality using retrospective and prospective respiratory gating for the acquisition of thin sliced four dimensional multidetector ct of the thorax in a porcine model. | to intraindividually compare image quality and anatomical depiction of the lung and mediastinum using retrospective and prospective respiratory gating techniques for the acquisition of 4d-multidetector computed tomography (mdct) of the chest in a porcine model. | 2015 | 26495957 |
| lungs exposed to 1 hour warm ischemia without heparin before harvesting might be suitable candidates for transplantation. | the limiting factor for lung transplantation is the lack of donor organs. the usage of lungs from donation after cardiac death (dcd) would dramatically increase donor availability. in the present paper we wanted to investigate lungs exposed to 1 h of warm ischemia without heparin followed by flush-perfusion and cold storage compared to lungs harvested from heart beating donors (hbd) using standard harvesting technique. | 2015 | 26500001 |
| transgastric endoscopic gastrojejunostomy using holing followed by interrupted suture technique in a porcine model. | to demonstrate the feasibility and reproducibility of a pure natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (notes) gastrojejunostomy using holing followed by interrupted suture technique using a single endoloop matched with a pair of clips in a non-survival porcine model. | 2015 | 26504508 |
| emergence of a pseudorabies virus variant with increased virulence to piglets. | pseudorabies virus (prv) causes pseudorabies (pr), an economically important disease in domestic swine. pr outbreaks on pig farms caused by prv variant strains in bartha-k61-vaccinated pigs have resulted in considerable economic losses in china since 2011. in this study, the pathogenicity of the prv variant js-2012 strain to pigs was investigated by experimentally inoculating piglets of different ages in comparison with a classic virulent prv sc strain. the js-2012 strain caused an earlier onset ... | 2015 | 26507829 |
| belgian wildlife as potential zoonotic reservoir of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e is an acute human liver disease in healthy individuals but may become chronic in immunocompromised patients. it is caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev) and can have a zoonotic origin, particularly in high-income countries. in this study, 383 sera from wild boars were selected for serology; for virological analyses, 69 sera and 61 livers from young wild boars were used. a total of 189 and 235 sera of, respectively, red deer and roe deer were collected for serological analysis. for vi ... | 2015 | 26518619 |
| intraluminal measurement of papillary duct urine ph, in vivo: a pilot study in the swine kidney. | we describe the in vivo use of an optic-chemo microsensor to measure intraluminal papillary duct urine ph in a large mammal. fiber-optic ph microsensors have a tip diameter of 140-µm that allows insertion into papillary bellini ducts to measure tubule urine proton concentration. anesthetized adult pigs underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy to access the lower pole of the urinary collecting system. a flexible nephroscope was advanced towards an upper pole papilla with the fiber-optic microsensor ... | 2016 | 26526044 |
| serologic and molecular survey of hepatitis e virus in german deer populations. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a human pathogen that is primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route and causes a usually self-limiting acute viral hepatitis. the virus is endemic in developing countries of africa, asia, and latin america and is responsible for sporadic cases in industrialized countries. in western europe, an increasing number of autochthonous cases have been associated with zoonotic transmissions of hev from domestic and wild animals. in germany, animal reservoirs for hev have bee ... | 2016 | 26528571 |
| [uterine neoplasia in two geriatric miniature pet pigs - diagnostics and therapy. two case reports]. | miniature pet pigs are becoming ever more common among the patients of small animal practices. due to an advanced age attained in these animals in comparison with conventional pigs in pork production, miniature pet pigs develop age-related diseases that are infrequently observed in farm pigs, including neoplastic alterations of the uterus. we describe two cases of a uterine adenocarcinoma and a leiomyoma, respectively, in two miniature pet pig sows. options and limits of diagnostic measures (uns ... | 2015 | 26530159 |
| experimental study of kinematic activity of left ventricular myocardium. | a method of invasive and non-invasive examination of epicardial motion was tested on domestic pigs (n=15). the invasive study employed a contact kinematic sensor of the epicardial wall motion, which determined the amplitude, velocity, and angular parameters of examined epicardial region. a non-invasive assessment of the epicardial kinematics based on echocardiographic 2d velocity vector imaging and ecg recoding used to determine the heart electrical axis. the 4-chamber views were uses to analyze ... | 2015 | 26531214 |
| developing a kinematic understanding of chest compressions: the impact of depth and release time on blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a critical component of the pre-hospital treatment of cardiac arrest victims. mechanical chest compression (mcc) devices enable the delivery of mcc waveforms that could not be delivered effectively by hand. while chest compression generated blood flow has been studied for more than 50 years, the relation between sternum kinematics (depth over time) and the resulting blood flow have not been well described. using a five parameter mcc model, we studied th ... | 2015 | 26537881 |
| evolution of coronary flow in an experimental slow flow model in swines: angiographic and pathological insights. | pathomechanism of coronary slow flow phenomenon remains largely unclear now. present study observed the pathological and angiographic evolution in a pig model of coronary slow flow. | 2015 | 26539516 |
| species differences in the geometry of the anterior segment differentially affect anterior chamber cell scoring systems in laboratory animals. | to determine the impact of anterior segment geometry on ocular scoring systems quantifying anterior chamber (ac) cells in humans and 7 common laboratory species. | 2015 | 26539819 |
| the biarzo case in northern italy: is the temporal dynamic of swine mitochondrial dna lineages in europe related to domestication? | genetically-based reconstructions of the history of pig domestication in europe are based on two major pillars: 1) the temporal changes of mitochondrial dna lineages are related to domestication; 2) near eastern haplotypes which appeared and then disappeared in some sites across europe are genetic markers of the first near eastern domestic pigs. we typed a small but informative fragment of the mitochondrial dna in 23 sus scrofa samples from a site in north eastern italy (biarzo shelter) which pr ... | 2015 | 26549464 |
| serological and molecular investigation of swine hepatitis e virus in pigs raised in southern italy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a common acute hepatitis transmitted by the fecal-oral route. in developed countries, the virus has a zoonotic potential, and domestic pigs and wild boars are considered main reservoirs. to assess the prevalence of hev-positive animals in the calabria region (southern italy) on a serological and molecular level, a total of 216 autochthonous healthy pigs (apulo-calabrese breed) were sampled. both sera and feces were collected. pigs were grouped based on age: 1 ... | 2015 | 26555536 |
| controlling of csfv in european wild boar using oral vaccination: a review. | classical swine fever (csf) is among the most detrimental diseases for the swine industry worldwide. infected wild boar populations can play a crucial role in csf epidemiology and controlling wild reservoirs is of utmost importance for preventing domestic outbreaks. oral mass vaccination (omv) has been implemented to control csf in wild boars and limit the spill over to domestic pigs. this retrospective overview of vaccination experiences illustrates the potential for that option. the c-strain l ... | 2015 | 26557109 |
| fractional radiofrequency combined with sonophoresis to facilitate skin penetration of 5-aminolevulinic acid. | ablative fractional technology has been used to improve transdermal drug delivery. however, there have been few previous in vivo investigations of the relative potency and methodology of fractional radiofrequency (rf) combined with sonophoresis. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fractional rf combined with sonophoresis on 5-aminolevulinic acid (ala) penetration of the skin. three male domestic swine were used. the skin of the pigs was exposed to fractional rf and/or son ... | 2016 | 26563955 |
| susceptibility of a north american culex quinquefasciatus to japanese encephalitis virus. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is a flavivirus that is transmitted by culex (cx.) tritaeniorhynchus in tropical and subtropical regions of asia. the endemic transmission cycle involves domestic pigs and avian species that serve as amplification hosts; humans are incidental hosts that cannot develop a high-titer viremia sufficient for mosquito infection. although vaccination can be an effective strategy for disease prevention and is used extensively in multiple asian countries, unvaccinated im ... | 2015 | 26565775 |
| simulating the distribution of individual livestock farms and their populations in the united states: an example using domestic swine (sus scrofa domesticus) farms. | livestock distribution in the united states (u.s.) can only be mapped at a county-level or worse resolution. we developed a spatial microsimulation model called the farm location and agricultural production simulator (flaps) that simulated the distribution and populations of individual livestock farms throughout the conterminous u.s. using domestic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) as an example species, we customized iterative proportional-fitting algorithms for the hierarchical structure of the u.s ... | 2015 | 26571497 |
| articular cartilage repair with recombinant human type ii collagen/polylactide scaffold in a preliminary porcine study. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of a novel recombinant human type ii collagen/polylactide scaffold (rhco-pla) in the repair of full-thickness cartilage lesions with autologous chondrocyte implantation technique (aci). the forming repair tissue was compared to spontaneous healing (spontaneous) and repair with a commercial porcine type i/iii collagen membrane (pco). domestic pigs (4-month-old, n = 20) were randomized into three study groups and a circular full-thickness ... | 2016 | 26573959 |
| assessment of chlamydia suis infection in pig farmers. | chlamydia suis infections are endemic in domestic pigs in europe and can lead to conjunctivitis, pneumonia, enteritis and reproductive failure. currently, the knowledge on the zoonotic potential of c. suis is limited. moreover, the last decades, porcine tetracycline resistant c. suis strains have been isolated, which interfere with treatment of chlamydial infections. in this study, the presence of c. suis was examined on nine belgian pig farms, using chlamydia culture and a c. suis specific real ... | 2015 | 26576707 |
| no evidence of gouléako and herbert virus infections in pigs, côte d'ivoire and ghana. | a recent report suggested that 2 novel bunyaviruses discovered in insects in côte d'ivoire caused lethal disease in swine in south korea. we conducted cell culture studies and tested serum from pigs exposed to mosquitoes in côte d'ivoire and ghana and found no evidence for infection in pigs. | 0 | 26583956 |
| monoclonal antibodies to human butyrylcholinesterase reactive with butyrylcholinesterase in animal plasma. | five mouse anti-human butyrylcholinesterase (bche) monoclonal antibodies bind tightly to native human bche with nanomolar dissociation constants. pairing analysis in the octet system identified the monoclonal antibodies that bind to overlapping and independent epitopes on human bche. the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 4 monoclonal antibodies are deposited in genbank. our goal was to determine which of the 5 monoclonal antibodies recognize bche in the plasma of animals. binding of monoclo ... | 2015 | 26585590 |
| pervasive environmental contamination with human feces results in high prevalence of zoonotic sarcocystis infection in pigs in the punjab, india. | three species of sarcocystis-s. miescheriana, s. suihominis, and s. porcifelis-have been recorded from pigs ( sus scrofa ). among these 3 species, the zoonotic species s. suihominis is of paramount importance and an important food safety issue. previous studies indicate prevalence of porcine sarcocystis species in india, but molecular evidence, among other evidence, is required for proper species differentiation. myocardium from 250 stray and farm pigs destined for slaughter for human consumptio ... | 2016 | 26588086 |
| effect of elevated reperfusion pressure on "no reflow" area and infarct size in a porcine model of ischemia-reperfusion. | the "no reflow" phenomenon (microvascular obstruction despite restoration of epicardial blood flow) develops postreperfusion in acute myocardial infarction and is associated with poor prognosis. we hypothesized that increased reperfusion pressure may attenuate the no reflow phenomenon, as it could provide adequate flow to overcome the high resistance of the microvasculature within the no reflow zone. thus, we investigated the effect of modestly elevated blood pressure during reperfusion on the e ... | 2016 | 26589289 |
| age- and strain-dependent differences in the outcome of experimental infections of domestic pigs with wild boar pseudorabies virus isolates. | although pseudorabies virus (prv) has been eradicated in domestic swine in many countries, its presence in wild boars remains a threat for a reintroduction into the currently unprotected swine population. to assess the possible impact of such a reintroduction in a naive herd, an in vivo infection study using two genetically characterized wild boar prv isolates (bel24043 and bel20075) representative for wild boar strains circulating in south-western and central europe and the virulent nia3 refere ... | 2016 | 26589961 |
| pseudorabies virus isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars show no apparent in vitro differences in replication kinetics and sensitivity to interferon-induced antiviral status. | pseudorabies virus is the causative agent of aujeszky's disease. domestic pigs and wild boars are its natural hosts, and strains circulating within both populations differ in their capacity to induce clinical disease. cell biological and molecular explanations for the observed differences in virulence are, however, lacking. different virulence determinants that can be assessed in vitro were determined for five domestic swine strains, four wild boar strains and the nia3 reference strain. replicat ... | 2016 | 26590089 |
| the control of classical swine fever in wild boar. | classical swine fever (csf) is a viral disease with severe economic consequences for domestic pigs. natural hosts for the csf virus (csfv) are members of the family suidae, i.e., eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) are also susceptible. csf in wild boar poses a serious threat to domestic pigs. csfv is an enveloped rna virus belonging to the pestivirus genus of the flaviviridae family. transmission of the infection is usually by direct contact or by feeding of contaminated meat products. in recent de ... | 2015 | 26594202 |
| a novel hemostatic patch that stops bleeding in cardiovascular and peripheral vascular procedures. | achieving hemostasis during surgery is a common challenge across surgical specialties and procedures, including cardiovascular and peripheral vascular procedures. although several hemostatic agents are available, they all become less effective as bleeding becomes more vigorous. veriset™ hemostatic patch is a topical hemostatic agent that has been approved for use on solid organs and in soft tissue. the primary aim of these studies was to assess the safety of veriset hemostatic patch during cardi ... | 2016 | 26597233 |
| use of fish scale-derived biocornea to seal full-thickness corneal perforations in pig models. | the aim of this study was to test the use of biocornea, a fish scale-derived collagen matrix for sealing full-thickness corneal perforations in mini-pigs. two series of experiments were carried out in 8 lan-yu and 3 göttingen mini-pigs, respectively. a 2mm central full thickness corneal perforation was made with surgical scissors and 2mm trephines. the perforations were sealed immediately by suturing biocornea to the wounded cornea. the conditions of each patched cornea were followed-up daily fo ... | 2015 | 26599018 |
| new insights into the role of ticks in african swine fever epidemiology. | african swine fever (asf), one of the most important diseases of swine, is present in many african countries, as well as in eastern europe, russia and sardinia. it is caused by a complex virus, asf virus (asfv), for which neither vaccine nor treatment is available. asfv affects swine of all breeds and ages, and also replicates in soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros, facilitating asfv persistence and reocurrence of disease. depending on the involvement of these ticks, and the presence or not of ... | 2015 | 26601452 |
| serosurvey of smooth brucella, leptospira spp. and toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging jaguars (panthera onca) and domestic animals from brazil. | this study investigated the exposure of jaguar populations and domestic animals to smooth brucella, leptospira spp. and toxoplasma gondii in the cerrado, pantanal and amazon biomes of brazil. between february 2000 and january 2010, serum samples from 31 jaguars (panthera onca), 1,245 cattle (bos taurus), 168 domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris) and 29 domestic cats (felis catus) were collected and analysed by rose bengal test for smooth brucella, microscopic agglutination test for leptospira s ... | 2015 | 26605787 |
| combined inhibition of complement and cd14 improved outcome in porcine polymicrobial sepsis. | sepsis is an exaggerated and dysfunctional immune response to infection. activation of innate immunity recognition systems including complement and the toll-like receptor family initiate this disproportionate inflammatory response. the aim of this study was to explore the effect of combined inhibition of the complement component c5 and the toll-like receptor co-factor cd14 on survival, hemodynamic parameters and systemic inflammation including complement activation in a clinically relevant porci ... | 2015 | 26612199 |
| establishment of a new pull-out strength testing method to quantify early osseointegration-an experimental pilot study. | the animal study aims to evaluate a new experimental model for measuring sole the influence of the surface characteristics independent from implant macro-design on the level of osseointegration by registering the pull-out strength needed for removal of experimental devices with different surfaces from artificial defects. | 2015 | 26616405 |
| a breath of fresh air: a quality-improvement study comparing an air-circulating technique versus conventional technique to prevent nasogastric tube dysfunction. | nasogastric tubes are an important component of care in patients with gastrointestinal obstructions. however, they are prone to malfunction despite conventional flushing techniques, with potentially severe consequences. there is no widely accepted, gold-standard way to ensure that a nasogastric tube succeeds in maintaining an empty stomach following flushing. | 2015 | 26617465 |
| an implantable sensor device measuring suture tension dynamics: results of developmental and experimental work. | knowledge about suture tension dynamics after laparotomy closure is limited due to the lack of adequate measurement tools. as a consequence, a miniaturized implantable sensor and data logger were developed and applied experimentally in a porcine model to measure suture tension dynamics after laparotomy closure. | 2016 | 26621138 |
| sexually antagonistic selection during parental care is not generated by a testosterone-related intralocus sexual conflict-insights from full-sib comparisons. | the evolution of shared male and female traits can be hampered if selection favours sex-specific optima. however, such genomic conflicts can be resolved when independent male and female mechanisms evolve. the existence, extent and consequences of conflict and/or conflict resolution are currently debated. endocrinological traits like plasma testosterone (t) are suitable test cases, given their important role in mediating correlated traits, plus their opposing sex-specific fitness effects. we comp ... | 2015 | 26625951 |
| surgical implantation and functional assessment of an invasive telemetric system to measure autonomic responses in domestic pigs. | the first aim of this study was to establish a surgical procedure to implant a new telemetric device for the continuous recording of electrocardiogram (ecg) and blood pressure (bp) in freely moving pigs. a second aim was the functional assessment of cardiovascular parameters, including heart rate variability (hrv) and blood pressure variability (bpv), so that these data could be used as the basis for the objective evaluation of autonomic activity and balance in different behavioural contexts. el ... | 2016 | 26626089 |
| incidence of ascaris suum-specific antibodies in austrian patients with suspected larva migrans visceralis (vlm) syndrome. | the pig roundworm, ascaris suum, is commonly found in domestic pigs all over the world. the transmission to humans takes place by ingestion of infective a. suum eggs present in soil because pig manure is widely used as fertilizer. the possible role of a. suum in the human visceral larva migrans (vlm) syndrome has been discussed controversially during past decades, even though various case reports, particularly from japan document pulmonal, hepatic and even cerebral symptoms caused by migrating a ... | 2016 | 26637313 |
| a comparative study of the morphology of mammalian chordae tendineae of the mitral and tricuspid valves. | it is assumed that the human heart is almost identical to domestic mammalian species, but with limited literature to support this. one such area that has been underinvestigated is that of the subvalvular apparatus level. the authors set out to examine the morphology of the subvalvular apparatus of the mammalian atrioventricular valves through gross dissection and microscopic analysis in a small-scale pilot study. the authors examined the chordae tendineae of the mitral and tricuspid valves in sh ... | 2015 | 26644912 |
| molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus isolates from kerala, india. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important disease of pigs caused by csf virus (csfv) belonging to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. the disease is endemic in many countries including india. a comprehensive study was carried out to assess the type of csfv circulating in the south indian state of kerala. during the period 2013-2014, clinical samples were collected from 19 suspected csf outbreaks of domestic pigs in different districts of kerala. the samples were t ... | 2015 | 26645036 |
| assessing the accuracy of cone-beam computerized tomography in measuring thinning oral and buccal bone. | the aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computerized tomography (cbct) in measuring thinning bone surrounding dental implants. three implants were inserted into the mandible of a domestic pig at 6 different bone thicknesses on the vestibular and the lingual sides, and measurements were recorded using cbct. the results were obtained, analyzed, and compared with areas without implants. our results indicated that the bone thickness and the neighboring implants ... | 2016 | 26645480 |
| cumulative stress in research animals: telomere attrition as a biomarker in a welfare context? | progress in improving animal welfare is currently limited by the lack of objective methods for assessing lifetime experience. i propose that telomere attrition, a cellular biomarker of biological age, provides a molecular measure of cumulative experience that could be used to assess the welfare impact of husbandry regimes and/or experimental procedures on non-human animals. i review evidence from humans that telomere attrition is accelerated by negative experiences in a cumulative and dose-depen ... | 2015 | 26645576 |
| large-scale screening and characterization of enteroviruses and kobuviruses infecting pigs in vietnam. | a recent survey of pigs in dong thap province, vietnam identified a high frequency of enterovirus species g (ev-g) infection (144/198; 72.7%). amongst these was a plethora of ev-g types (ev-g1, ev-g6 and four new types ev-g8-ev-g11). to better characterize the genetic diversity of ev-g and investigate the possible existence of further circulating types, we performed a larger-scale study on 484 pig and 45 farm-bred boar faecal samples collected in 2012 and 2014, respectively. all samples from the ... | 2016 | 26653281 |
| an initial investigation into the ecology of culturable aerobic postmortem bacteria. | postmortem microorganisms are increasingly recognized for their potential to serve as physical evidence. yet, we still understand little about the ecology of postmortem microbes, particularly those associated with the skin and larval masses. we conducted an experiment to characterize microbiological and chemical properties of decomposing swine (sus scrofa domesticus) carcasses on the island of oahu, hawaii, usa, during june 2013. bacteria were collected from the head, limb, and larval mass durin ... | 2015 | 26654073 |
| shifts in soil biodiversity-a forensic comparison between sus scrofa domesticus and vegetation decomposition. | in a forensic context, microbial-mediated cadaver decomposition and nutrient recycling cannot be overlooked. as a result, forensic ecogenomics research has intensified to gain a better understanding of cadaver/soil ecology interactions as a powerful potential tool for forensic practitioners. for this study, domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) (4g) and grass (agrostis/festuca spp) cuttings (4g) were buried (july 2013 to july 2014) in sandy clay loam (80 g) triplicates in sealed microcosms (127 m ... | 2015 | 26654074 |
| deletion of the thymidine kinase gene induces complete attenuation of the georgia isolate of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal viral disease of domestic pigs. there are no vaccines to control africa swine fever (asf). experimental vaccines have been developed using genetically modified live attenuated asfvs obtained by specifically deleting virus genes involved in virulence, including the thymidine kinase (tk) gene. tk has been shown to be involved in the virulence of several viruses, including asfv. here we report the constructio ... | 2016 | 26656424 |
| the genetics of deafness in domestic animals. | although deafness can be acquired throughout an animal's life from a variety of causes, hereditary deafness, especially congenital hereditary deafness, is a significant problem in several species. extensive reviews exist of the genetics of deafness in humans and mice, but not for deafness in domestic animals. hereditary deafness in many species and breeds is associated with loci for white pigmentation, where the cochlear pathology is cochleo-saccular. in other cases, there is no pigmentation ass ... | 2015 | 26664958 |
| interchangeability of electrocardiography and blood pressure measurement for determining heart rate and heart rate variability in free-moving domestic pigs in various behavioral contexts. | this study assessed the interchangeability between heart rate (hr) and heart rate variability (hrv) measures derived from a series of interbeat intervals (ibis) recorded via electrocardiogram (ecg) and intra-arterial blood pressure (bp) in various behavioral contexts. five minutes of simultaneously recorded ibis from ecg and bp signals in 11 female domestic pigs during resting, feeding, and active behavior were analyzed. comparisons were made for measures of hr, the standard deviation of ibis, a ... | 2015 | 26664979 |
| bovine tuberculosis in domestic pigs: genotyping and distribution of isolates in argentina. | bovine tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium bovis and affects primarily cattle, among many other mammal species. in this study, 250 isolates of m. bovis collected from pigs slaughtered in argentina were typed by spoligotyping. over half of the isolates (66%) grouped into two spoligotypes. moreover, sb0140 was the most frequent spoligotype detected in the three performed samplings. in addition, 195 isolates were typed through variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) by selecting 7 loci (miru 1 ... | 2015 | 26679794 |
| analysis of polymorphisms in the fut1 and tap1 genes and their influence on immune performance in pudong white pigs. | fut1 and tap1 have been identified as candidate genes that offer resistance against escherichia coli f18 infection, with the aa genotype in fut1 and the gg genotype in tap1 conferring resistance. in order to confirm polymorphisms at fut1 m307 and tap1 g729, and evaluate their influence on immunity performance in pudong white pigs, we performed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, measured immune indices, and compared the results with those observed in larg ... | 2015 | 26681213 |
| evolution and molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever virus during a multi-annual outbreak amongst european wild boar. | classical swine fever is a viral disease of pigs that carries tremendous socio-economic impact. in outbreak situations, genetic typing is carried out for the purpose of molecular epidemiology in both domestic pigs and wild boar. these analyses are usually based on harmonized partial sequences. however, for high-resolution analyses towards the understanding of genetic variability and virus evolution, full-genome sequences are more appropriate. in this study, a unique set of representative virus s ... | 2016 | 26684209 |
| implantation of a tissue-engineered neo-bile duct in domestic pigs. | extrahepatic bile duct injuries remain severe complications during cholecystectomies and often require reconstruction by bilioenteric anastomosis (i.e., hepaticojejunostomy), which comes with further long-term complications (e.g., recurring ascending cholangitis, secondary biliary cirrhosis). in the case of inherent extrahepatic biliary atresia or during liver transplant, artificial or engineered bile ducts could allow novel surgical strategies without the need for hepaticojejunostomy. | 2016 | 26684913 |
| filarial infections in semi-wild cattle of northeast india: first record of setaria digitata (von linstow 1906) in bos frontalis (lambert 1804). | the occurrence of adult setaria digitata, a filarial nematode of bovine host is reported for the first time from mithun (bos frontalis) of arunachal pradesh, india. during december 2011 to march 2012, a thorough survey was undertaken to evaluate the incidence and intensity of helminth infections among semi-wild cattle in northeast india. during the course of investigation, the relatively uncommon species of setaria was encountered among two out of eleven mithun examined. through light and scanni ... | 2013 | 26688636 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and discovery of a recombinant swine enteric coronavirus, italy. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has been detected sporadically in italy since the 1990s. we report the phylogenetic relationship of swine enteric coronaviruses collected in italy during 2007-2014 and identify a drastic shift in pedv strain variability and a new swine enteric coronavirus generated by recombination of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and pedv. | 2016 | 26689738 |
| closed-loop glycaemic control using an implantable artificial pancreas in diabetic domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus). | the performance of a completely implantable peritoneal artificial pancreas (ap) has been demonstrated in principle in a live diabetic domestic pig. the device consists of a smart glucose-sensitive gel that forms a gateway to an insulin reservoir and is designed to both sense glucose and deliver insulin in the peritoneal cavity. it can be refilled with insulin via subcutaneous ports and surgery was developed to insert the ap. diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (stz), the device filled with ... | 2016 | 26691655 |
| the pig peptideatlas: a resource for systems biology in animal production and biomedicine. | biological research of sus scrofa, the domestic pig, is of immediate relevance for food production sciences, and for developing pig as a model organism for human biomedical research. publicly available data repositories play a fundamental role for all biological sciences, and protein data repositories are in particular essential for the successful development of new proteomic methods. cumulative proteome data repositories, including the peptideatlas, provide the means for targeted proteomics, sy ... | 0 | 26699206 |
| evidence for adaptation of porcine toll-like receptors. | naturally endemic infectious diseases provide selective pressures for pig populations. toll-like receptors (tlrs) represent the first line of immune defense against pathogens and are likely to play a crucial adaptive role for pig populations. this study was done to determine whether wild and domestic pig populations representing diverse global environments demonstrate local tlr adaptation. the genomic sequence encoding the ectodomain, responsible for interacting with pathogen ligands of bacteria ... | 2015 | 26701185 |
| evaluating the risk of pathogen transmission from wild animals to domestic pigs in australia. | wild animals contribute to endemic infection in livestock as well as the introduction, reintroduction and maintenance of pathogens. the source of introduction of endemic diseases to a piggery is often unknown and the extent of wildlife contribution to such local spread is largely unexplored. the aim of the current study was to quantitatively assess the probability of domestic pigs being exposed to different pathogens from wild animals commonly found around commercial piggeries in australia. spec ... | 2016 | 26711303 |
| identification of specialists and abundance-occupancy relationships among intestinal bacteria of aves, mammalia, and actinopterygii. | the coalescence of next-generation dna sequencing methods, ecological perspectives, and bioinformatics analysis tools is rapidly advancing our understanding of the evolution and function of vertebrate-associated bacterial communities. delineation of host-microbe associations has applied benefits ranging from clinical treatments to protecting our natural waters. microbial communities follow some broad-scale patterns observed for macroorganisms, but it remains unclear how the specialization of int ... | 2015 | 26712546 |
| volume infusion cooling increases end-tidal carbon dioxide and results in faster and deeper cooling during intra-cardiopulmonary resuscitation hypothermia induction. | intra-arrest hypothermia induction may provide more benefit than inducing hypothermia after return of spontaneous circulation. however, little is understood about the interaction between patient physiology and hypothermia induction technology choice during ongoing chest compressions. | 2015 | 26715581 |
| a novel colonoscope with panoramic visualization detected more simulated polyps than conventional colonoscopy in a live swine model. | the aer-o-scope™ colonoscope system (aos) combines panoramic 360° view with standard forward view. we assessed the aos's ability to identify lesions implanted in live swine, compared to conventional colonoscopy (cc). | 2015 | 26716128 |
| pharmacokinetics of 1-methyl-l-tryptophan after single and repeated subcutaneous application in a porcine model. | increased activity of the tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) is associated with immunological and neurological disorders, and inhibition of its enzyme activity could be a therapeutic approach for treatment of these disorders. the aim of the present study was to establish a large animal model to study the accumulation of the potential ido inhibitor 1-methyltryptophan (1-mt) in blood and different organs of domestic pigs (sus scrofa domestica). because 1-mt has not be ... | 2015 | 26725587 |
| african swine fever virus transmission cycles in central europe: evaluation of wild boar-soft tick contacts through detection of antibodies against ornithodoros erraticus saliva antigen. | african swine fever (asf) is one of the most complex viral diseases affecting both domestic and wild pigs. it is caused by asf virus (asfv), the only dna virus which can be efficiently transmitted by an arthropod vector, soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. these ticks can be part of asfv-transmission cycles, and in europe, o. erraticus was shown to be responsible for long-term maintenance of asfv in spain and portugal. in 2014, the disease has been reintroduced into the european union, affecti ... | 2016 | 26728767 |
| characterization of a pathogenic full-length cdna clone and transmission model for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain pc22a. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly pathogenic alphacoronavirus. in the united states, highly virulent pedv strains cause between 80 and 100% mortality in suckling piglets and are rapidly transmitted between animals and farms. to study the genetic factors that regulate pathogenesis and transmission, we developed a molecular clone of pedv strain pc22a. the infectious-clone-derived pedv (icpedv) replicated as efficiently as the parental virus in cell culture and in pigs, resulting i ... | 2016 | 26733065 |
| detection and genetic characterization of a novel parvovirus distantly related to human bufavirus in domestic pigs. | in this study, a novel parvovirus (strain swine/zsana3/2013/hun, kt965075) was detected in domestic pigs and genetically characterized by viral metagenomics and pcr methods. the novel parvovirus was distantly related to the human bufaviruses and was detected in 19 (90.5 %) of the 21 and five (33.3 %) of the 15 faecal samples collected from animals with and without cases of posterior paraplegia of unknown etiology from five affected farms and one control farm in hungary, respectively. swine/zsana ... | 2016 | 26733298 |
| improved experimental model to evaluate submucosal injection solutions for endoscopic submucosal dissection. | endoscopic submucosal dissection carries an increased risk of bleeding and perforation. the creation of a long lasting submucosal cushion is essential for the safe and complete removal of the lesion. there is not a suitable experimental model for evaluation of the durability of the cushioning effect of different solutions. | 2016 | 26734797 |
| the swine plasma metabolome chronicles "many days" biological timing and functions linked to growth. | the paradigm of chronobiology is based almost wholly upon the daily biological clock, or circadian rhythm, which has been the focus of intense molecular, cellular, pharmacological, and behavioral, research. however, the circadian rhythm does not explain biological timings related to fundamental aspects of life history such as rates of tissue/organ/body size development and control of the timing of life stages such as gestation length, age at maturity, and lifespan. this suggests that another bio ... | 2016 | 26735517 |
| molecular detection of porcine astrovirus in sichuan province, china. | porcine astrovirus (poastv) is widely distributed worldwide, and is highly prevalent among piglets with or without diarrhea, existing as at least five distinct lineages (poastv1-poastv5) within the genus mamastrovirus. however, our knowledge of the diversity and epidemiology of poastv in china is limited. | 2016 | 26739067 |
| hypercholesterolemia impairs nonstenotic kidney outcomes after reversal of experimental renovascular hypertension. | revascularization of a stenotic renal artery improves kidney function only in select patients with renovascular hypertension (ht) secondary to atherosclerosis. however, the effects of reversal of renovascular ht (rrht) on the nonstenotic kidney are unclear. we hypothesized that concurrent hypercholesterolemia (hc) attenuates nonstenotic kidney recovery. | 2016 | 26739189 |
| low-level laser therapy to the bone marrow reduces scarring and improves heart function post-acute myocardial infarction in the pig. | cell therapy for myocardial repair is one of the most intensely investigated strategies for treating acute myocardial infarction (mi). the aim of the present study was to determine whether low-level laser therapy (lllt) application to stem cells in the bone marrow (bm) could affect the infarcted porcine heart and reduce scarring following mi. | 2016 | 26741110 |
| first detection of sarcoptic mange in free-ranging wild boar (sus scrofa) in switzerland. | in switzerland sarcoptic mange is frequent in free-ranging wild carnivores but until recent years no cases had been recorded in wild ungulates. since 2010, cases have been observed in wild boar in the cantons of solothurn, tessin and thurgau. here, we report the detection of mange-like skin lesions in wild boars by photo-trapping and the post-mortem findings in 6 culled animals presenting different stages of the disease. potential sources of infection include mangy red foxes, outdoor domestic pi ... | 2015 | 26753342 |
| effect of gaseous ozone exposure on the bacteria counts and oxidative properties of ground hanwoo beef at refrigeration temperature. | this study was designed to elucidate the effect of ozone exposure on the bacteria counts and oxidative properties of ground hanwoo beef contaminated with escherichia coli o157:h7 at refrigeration temperature. ground beef was inoculated with 7 log cfu/g of e. coli o157:h7 isolated from domestic pigs and was then subjected to ozone exposure (10×10(-6) kg o3 h(-1)) at 4℃ for 3 d. e. coli o157:h7, total aerobic and anaerobic bacterial growth and oxidative properties including instrumental color chan ... | 2014 | 26761291 |
| meat species identification using loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay targeting species-specific mitochondrial dna. | meat source fraud and adulteration scandals have led to consumer demands for accurate meat identification methods. nucleotide amplification assays have been proposed as an alternative method to protein-based assays for meat identification. in this study, we designed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays targeting species-specific mitochondrial dna to identify and discriminate eight meat species; cattle, pig, horse, goat, sheep, chicken, duck, and turkey. the lamp primer sets were ... | 2014 | 26761677 |
| aortic hemostasis and resuscitation: preliminary experiments using selective aortic arch perfusion with oxygenated blood and intra-aortic calcium coadministration in a model of hemorrhage-induced traumatic cardiac arrest. | selective aortic arch perfusion (saap) uses a thoracic aortic balloon occlusion catheter for heart and brain perfusion in cardiac arrest to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (rosc). saap with oxygenated stored blood was studied in a model of hemorrhage-induced cardiac arrest. the study hypothesis was that intra-aortic calcium coadministration would be required to maintain normal aortic arch blood ionized calcium during saap and to achieve rosc. | 2016 | 26766760 |
| comparison of complement activation-related pseudoallergy in miniature and domestic pigs: foundation of a validatable immune toxicity model. | complement activation-related pseudoallergy (carpa) is an acute adverse immune reaction caused by many nanomedicines. there is a regulatory need for a sensitive and standardizable in vivo predictive assay. while domestic pigs are a sensitive animal model, miniature pigs are favored in toxicological studies yet their utility as a carpa model has not yet been explored. herein, we used liposomal doxorubicin and amphotericin b (doxil/caelyx and ambisome), cremophor el and zymosan as carpa triggers t ... | 2016 | 26767512 |
| intradermal vaccination with un-adjuvanted sub-unit vaccines triggers skin innate immunity and confers protective respiratory immunity in domestic swine. | intradermal (id) vaccination constitutes a promising approach to induce anti-infectious immunity. this route of immunization has mostly been studied with influenza split-virion vaccines. however, the efficacy of id vaccination for sub-unit vaccines in relation to underlying skin innate immunity remains to be explored for wider application in humans. relevant animal models that more closely mimic human skin immunity than the widely used mouse models are therefore necessary. here, we show in domes ... | 2016 | 26768129 |
| heart rate variability in porcine progressive peritonitis-induced sepsis. | accumulating evidence suggests that heart rate variability (hrv) alterations could serve as an indicator of sepsis progression and outcome, however, the relationships of hrv and major pathophysiological processes of sepsis remain unclear. therefore, in this experimental study hrv was investigated in a clinically relevant long-term porcine model of severe sepsis/septic shock. hrv was analyzed by several methods and the parameters were correlated with pathophysiological processes of sepsis. in 16 ... | 2015 | 26779039 |
| persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in domestic and wild small ruminants and camelids including the mountain goat (oreamnos americanus). | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus best known for causing a variety of disease syndromes in cattle, including gastrointestinal disease, reproductive insufficiency, immunosuppression, mucosal disease, and hemorrhagic syndrome. the virus can be spread by transiently infected individuals and by persistently infected animals that may be asymptomatic while shedding large amounts of virus throughout their lifetime. bvdv has been reported in over 40 domestic and free-ranging species, an ... | 2016 | 26779126 |
| aortic root haemodynamics following david procedure: numerical analysis of 3-dimensional haemodynamics. | the aim was to determine 3-dimensional (3d) geometrical deformation of the aortic root (aor) following the david procedure in order to evaluate local haemodynamical conditions of individual aor elements. | 2016 | 26792930 |
| latent porcine circovirus type 2-infected domestic pigs: a potential infection model for the effective development of vaccines against latent or chronic virus induced diseases. | until recently, knowledge of the pathogenicity of circoviridae and anelloviridae family members was limited. our previous discoveries provided clues toward resolving this issue based on studies of the latent nature of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) genotype group members. we developed a conventional pig infection model that indicated that weaners already harbored latent pcv2 infection in the thymus, which enabled the viruses to specifically modulate the maturation of t-helper cells. this findi ... | 2016 | 26795369 |
| electrical impedance tomography (eit) for quantification of pulmonary edema in acute lung injury. | assessment of pulmonary edema is a key factor in monitoring and guidance of therapy in critically ill patients. to date, methods available at the bedside for estimating the physiologic correlate of pulmonary edema, extravascular lung water, often are unreliable or require invasive measurements. the aim of the present study was to develop a novel approach to reliably assess extravascular lung water by making use of the functional imaging capabilities of electrical impedance tomography. | 2016 | 26796635 |
| whipworms in humans and pigs: origins and demography. | trichuris suis and t. trichiura are two different whipworm species that infect pigs and humans, respectively. t. suis is found in pigs worldwide while t. trichiura is responsible for nearly 460 million infections in people, mainly in areas of poor sanitation in tropical and subtropical areas. the evolutionary relationship and the historical factors responsible for this worldwide distribution are poorly understood. in this study, we aimed to reconstruct the demographic history of trichuris in hum ... | 2016 | 26800683 |