| constitutive expression of cyp3a mrna in bama miniature pig tissues. | the pig, particularly the miniature pig (minipig), is becoming an important animal model due to its physiological and anatomical similarities to humans. bama minipigs (sus scrofa domestica), a chinese natural minipig breed, are a promising animal model. the pig is a useful model for drug metabolism and pharmacological studies due to the similar properties of cytochrome p450 (cyp)3a between pigs and humans. however, a detailed investigation regarding the abundance and expression of cyp3a in porci ... | 2013 | 23618816 |
| spectrophotometric retinal oximetry in pigs. | to assess the validity of spectrophotometric retinal oximetry by comparison to blood gas analysis and intravitreal measurements of partial pressure of oxygen (po(2)). | 2013 | 23532527 |
| are juvenile domestic pigs (sus scrofa domestica) sensitive to the attentive states of humans?--the impact of impulsivity on choice behaviour. | previous studies have shown that apes, dogs and horses seem to be able to attribute attentive states to humans. subjects had to choose between two persons: one who was able to see the animal and one who was not. using a similar paradigm, we tested a species that does not rely strongly on visual cues, the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica). subjects could choose between two unfamiliar persons, with only one showing attention, in three different conditions (body, head away, body turned - head fro ... | 2013 | 23500190 |
| range of blood lactate values in farm pigs prior to experimental surgery. | in biomedical research the pig is widely used as an animal model for experimental surgery. feasible monitoring tools during anaesthesia are pivotal for successful and reliable research outcome. blood lactate values are a monitoring tool and prognostic indicator during surgery both in humans and animals. lactate levels in pigs might be influenced by various parameters including stressful handling, breed and weight differences. to determine blood lactate levels present prior to experimental surger ... | 2013 | 23479774 |
| lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation of bronchi and emphysematous changes of pulmonary parenchyma in miniature pigs (sus scrofa domestica). | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is widely used to induce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) in animal models. rodents are most commonly used to model copd, but their substantial anatomic and physiological differences from humans present a challenge in the research of copd pathogenesis. the authors induced copd in miniature pigs by intratracheal administration of lps solution. they carried out bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and collected the fluid for analyses of white blood cells, cytokines and ... | 2013 | 23423297 |
| orosomucoid expression profiles in liver, adipose tissues and serum of lean and obese domestic pigs, göttingen minipigs and ossabaw minipigs. | the acute phase protein orosomucoid (orm) has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and may play an important role in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in obesity-induced low-grade inflammation. even though the pig is a widely used model for obesity related metabolic symptoms, the expression of orm has not yet been characterized in such pig models. the objective of this study was to investigate the expression of orm1 mrna in liver, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose t ... | 2013 | 23254161 |
| pelvi-caliceal collecting system in swine--authors own anatomical classification. | experiments on humans and their organs produce legal, moral and ethical dilemmas. nowadays, the use of domestic swine as an experimental animal is increasing steadily. thus it is important to know the structure and characteristics of swine organs. | 2014 | 23214296 |
| molecular hybrid positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of cardiac angiotensin ii type 1 receptors. | the goal of this study was to explore the feasibility of targeted imaging of the angiotensin ii type 1 receptor (at1r) in cardiac tissue, using clinical hybrid positron emission tomography/computed tomography (pet/ct). | 2012 | 23158533 |
| endovascular broad-neck aneurysm creation in a porcine model using a vascular plug. | ruptured cerebral arterial aneurysms require prompt treatment by either surgical clipping or endovascular coiling. training for these sophisticated endovascular procedures is essential and ideally performed in animals before their use in humans. simulators and established animal models have shown drawbacks with respect to degree of reality, size of the animal model and aneurysm, or time and effort needed for aneurysm creation. we therefore aimed to establish a realistic and readily available ane ... | 2013 | 22735890 |
| proliferative vitreoretinopathy in the swine-a new model. | to develop a large animal model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (pvr) in the swine to eventually study disease pathophysiology, as well as novel therapies. | 2012 | 22729438 |
| pig bone marrow-derived macrophages resemble human macrophages in their response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (bmdm) grown in m-csf (csf-1) have been used widely in studies of macrophage biology and the response to tlr agonists. we investigated whether similar cells could be derived from the domestic pig using human rcsf-1 and whether porcine macrophages might represent a better model of human macrophage biology. cultivation of pig bone marrow cells for 5-7 d in presence of human rcsf-1 generated a pure population of bmdm that expressed the usual macrophage markers ... | 2012 | 22393154 |
| in vivo dynamic compressive stresses in the disc annulus: a pilot study of bilateral differences due to hemiepiphyseal implant in a quadruped model. | in vivo biomechanical study in quadruped model. | 2012 | 22391442 |
| porcine models for the metabolic syndrome, digestive and bone disorders: a general overview. | the aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the role of pigs as a biomedical model for humans. the usefulness and limitations of porcine models have been discussed in terms of metabolic, cardiovascular, digestive and bone diseases in humans. domestic pigs and minipigs are the main categories of pigs used as biomedical models. one drawback of minipigs is that they are in short supply and expensive compared with domestic pigs, which in contrast cost more to house, feed and medicate ... | 2010 | 22444262 |
| [intramural chronotopography of depolarization of myocardium of heart ventricles of pig (sus scrofa domesticus)]. | sequence of depolarization of myocardium of pig heart ventricles was studied by the method of multichannel synchronous cardioelectrotopography. there is established formation of areas of early depolarization in subendocardium of interventricular septum and in the base of left ventricle papillary muscles; of multiple foci--in the depth of walls; of areas of late depolarization--in subepicardium of the left ventricle dorsolateral side. as compared with other species of ungulate animals (reindeer a ... | 2014 | 25486814 |
| hepatitis e virus infection of slaughtered healthy pigs in brazil. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging pathogen that can be transmitted through contaminated raw or undercooked meat derived from domestic pigs. hev infections have been documented among pig herds, pig products and environmental samples raising concern about the spread of the virus. hev genotypes 3 and 4 are considered zoonotic and have been linked to human cases. hev was detected in 51 of 335 bile samples (15.2%) from healthy pigs in minas gerais, brazil. phylogenetic analysis of partial sequen ... | 2018 | 29441690 |
| the zbed6-igf2 axis has a major effect on growth of skeletal muscle and internal organs in placental mammals. | a single nucleotide substitution in the third intron of insulin-like growth factor 2 (igf2) is associated with increased muscle mass and reduced subcutaneous fat in domestic pigs. this mutation disrupts the binding of the zbed6 transcription factor and leads to a threefold up-regulation ofigf2expression in pig skeletal muscle. here, we investigated the biological significance of zbed6-igf2interaction in the growth of placental mammals using two mouse models, zbed6 knock-out (zbed6-/-) andigf2kno ... | 2018 | 29440408 |
| accurate depth of radiofrequency-induced lesions in renal sympathetic denervation based on a fine histological sectioning approach in a porcine model. | ablation lesion depth caused by radiofrequency-based renal denervation (rdn) was limited to <4 mm in previous animal studies, suggesting that radiofrequency-rdn cannot ablate a substantial percentage of renal sympathetic nerves. we aimed to define the true lesion depth achieved with radiofrequency-rdn using a fine sectioning method and to investigate biophysical parameters that could predict lesion depth. | 2018 | 29440276 |
| the effect of three different surgical techniques for colon anastomosis on regional postoperative microperfusion: laser doppler flowmetry study in pigs. | the optimal surgical approach to reconnecting bowel ends safely after resection is of great importance. | 2018 | 29439318 |
| genomic sequence of a swine pasivirus type 1 strain identified in u.s. swine. | we report for the first time in the united states the identification of a swine pasivirus (spav) strain with a genomic sequence identity of less than 80% to other spavs reported in europe and china, using a next-generation sequencing (ngs) technique in sow tissues collected from an animal study conducted in 2001, suggesting virus circulation in domestic swine. | 2018 | 29439048 |
| identification of two novel foot-and-mouth disease virus cytotoxic t lymphocyte epitopes that can bind six sla-i proteins. | currently available vaccines from inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) only protect animals by inducing neutralizing antibodies. a vaccine that contains cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) epitopes to induce strong ctl responses might protect animals more effectively. herein, we used swine leukocyte antigen class i (slai) proteins derived from six different strains of domestic pigs to screen and identify shared fmdv ctl epitopes. four potential fmdv ctl epitopes (q01, q02, as3, and qa4) wer ... | 2018 | 29432828 |
| aujeszky's disease and hepatitis e viruses transmission between domestic pigs and wild boars in corsica: evaluating the importance of wild/domestic interactions and the efficacy of management measures. | wildlife species as reservoirs of infectious pathogens represent a serious constraint in the implementation of disease management strategies. in the mediterranean island of corsica, the dynamics of hepatitis e virus (hev) and aujeszky's disease virus (adv) are suspected to be influenced by interactions between wild and domestic pigs. to improve our understanding of these influences, we first compared the seroprevalences of both viruses in domestic pig populations from different locations with co ... | 2018 | 29417054 |
| voluntary locomotor activity promotes myogenic growth potential in domestic pigs. | self-determined physical activity is an essential behavioural need and can vary considerably between individuals of a given species. although locomotion is suggested as a prerequisite for adequate function of skeletal muscle, domestic pigs are usually reared under limited space allowance. the aim of our study was to investigate if a different voluntary locomotor activity leads to altered properties in the muscle structure, biochemistry and mrna expression of selected genes involved in myogenesis ... | 2018 | 29416067 |
| genetic variation analysis of pcv1 strains isolated from guangxi province of china in 2015. | porcine circovirus type 1 (pcv1) was discovered in 1974 as a contaminant of a porcine kidney (pk-15) cell line and was generally accepted to be nonpathogenic. but recently it was shown to cause lesions in experimentally infected pig fetuses. serological evidence and genetic studies suggested that pcv1 was widespread in domestic pigs. thus, the molecular epidemiology and genetic variation of pcv1 are still necessary to understand. | 2018 | 29415728 |
| suitability of the porcine aortic model for transcatheter aortic root repair. | to treat aortic valve disease and concomitant root disease with transcatheter techniques, 'composite graft' implants are required. our goal was to assess the suitability of the porcine aortic root for transcatheter root repair tests. | 2018 | 29415164 |
| observational analysis on inflammatory reaction to talc pleurodesis: small and large animal model series review. | talc pleurodesis has been associated with pleuropulmonary damage, particularly long-term damage due to its inert nature. the present model series review aimed to assess the safety of this procedure by examining inflammatory stimulus, biocompatibility and tissue reaction following talc pleurodesis. talc slurry was performed in rabbits: 200 mg/kg checked at postoperative day 14 (five models), 200 mg/kg checked at postoperative day 28 (five models), 40 mg/kg, checked at postoperative day 14 (five m ... | 2018 | 29403549 |
| the development of an interactive computer-based training program for timely and humane on-farm pig euthanasia. | with extensive knowledge and training in the prevention, management, and treatment of disease conditions in animals, veterinarians play a critical role in ensuring good welfare on swine farms by training caretakers on the importance of timely euthanasia. to assist veterinarians and other industry professionals in training new and seasoned caretakers, an interactive computer-based training program was created. it consists of three modules, each containing five case studies, which cover three dist ... | 2018 | 29400634 |
| efficacy and safety of sic-8000 (eleview®) for submucosal injection for endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in an in vivo porcine model. | submucosal injection is generally required for both endoscopic-mucosal resection (emr) and submucosal dissection (esd). sic-8000 (eleview™) is a new fda 510(k) cleared and ce marked liquid composition for submucosal injection, containing a biocompatible polymer as a cushioning agent. | 2017 | 29396133 |
| immunisation of pigs by dna prime and recombinant vaccinia virus boost to identify and rank african swine fever virus immunogenic and protective proteins. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes an acute haemorrhagic fever in domestic pigs with high socio-economic impact. no vaccine is available limiting options for control. although live attenuated asfv can induce up to one hundred percent protection against lethal challenge, little is known of the antigens which induce this protective response. to identify additional asfv immunogenic and potentially protective antigens we cloned 47 viral genes in individual plasmids for gene vaccination and in r ... | 2018 | 29386289 |
| a serologic survey of pathogens in wild boar ( sus scrofa) in sweden. | the wild boar ( sus scrofa) population has increased markedly during the last three decades in sweden and in other parts of europe. this population growth may lead to increased contact between the wild boar and the domestic pig ( sus scrofa scrofa), increasing the risk of transmission of pathogens. the objective of our study was to estimate the seroprevalence of selective pathogens, known to be shared between wild boars and domestic pigs in europe, in three wild boar populations in sweden. in to ... | 2018 | 29377751 |
| viability and biocompatibility of an adhesive system for intrarenal embedding and endoscopic removal of small residual fragments in minimally-invasive stone treatment in an in vivo pig model. | to evaluate the viability and biocompatibility of a novel, patented bioadhesive system for intrarenal embedding and retrieval of residual fragments after endoscopic lithotripsy. complete stone clearance via active removal of residual fragments (rf) after intracorporeal laser lithotripsy may be time-consuming and fail in many cases. therefore, the novel adhesive has been developed and evaluated for the first time in an in vivo pig model in the present work. | 2018 | 29368229 |
| genetic diversity, breed composition and admixture of kenyan domestic pigs. | the genetic diversity of african pigs, whether domestic or wild has not been widely studied and there is very limited published information available. available data suggests that african domestic pigs originate from different domestication centers as opposed to international commercial breeds. we evaluated two domestic pig populations in western kenya, in order to characterize the genetic diversity, breed composition and admixture of the pigs in an area known to be endemic for african swine fev ... | 2018 | 29357367 |
| intrarenal fat deposition does not interfere with the measurement of single-kidney perfusion in obese swine using multi-detector computed tomography. | altered vascular structure or function in several diseases may impair renal perfusion. multi-detector computed tomography (mdct) is a non-invasive tool to assess single-kidney perfusion and function based on dynamic changes in tissue attenuation during contrast media transit. however, changes in basal tissue attenuation might hamper these assessments, despite background subtraction. evaluation of iodine concentration using the dual-energy (dect) mdct mode allows excluding effects of basal values ... | 2018 | 29339048 |
| the retina of the collared peccary (pecari tajacu): structure and function. | to study retinal morphology and function in the collared peccary, an ungulate species distantly related to the domestic pig. | 2018 | 29336116 |
| cardiovascular function of modern pigs does not comply with allometric scaling laws. | growing concerns have been expressed regarding cardiovascular performance in modern farm pigs, which has been proposed as a critical factor contributing to the reduced adaptability of modern pigs to stress. here we tested the hypothesis that cardiac dimensions and pump function in modern heavy farm pigs are disproportionally low for their body weight, and investigated potential underlying mechanisms. the results from the present study indeed demonstrate disproportionally low values for stroke vo ... | 2018 | 29335617 |
| faecal escherichia coli as biological indicator of spatial interaction between domestic pigs and wild boar (sus scrofa) in corsica. | on the mediterranean island of corsica, cohabitation between sympatric domestic pigs and eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) is common and widespread and can facilitate the maintenance and dissemination of several pathogens detrimental for the pig industry or human health. in this study, we monitored a population of free-ranging domestic pigs reared in extensive conditions within a 800-ha property located in central corsica which was frequently visited by a sympatric population of wild boar between ... | 2018 | 29322645 |
| assessing the utility of metabarcoding for diet analyses of the omnivorous wild pig (sus scrofa). | wild pigs (sus scrofa) are an invasive species descended from both domestic swine and eurasian wild boar that was introduced to north america during the early 1500s. wild pigs have since become the most abundant free-ranging exotic ungulate in the united states. large and ever-increasing populations of wild pigs negatively impact agriculture, sport hunting, and native ecosystems with costs estimated to exceed $1.5 billion/year within the united states. wild pigs are recognized as generalist feed ... | 2018 | 29321862 |
| a prototype single-port device for pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy. technical feasibility and local drug distribution. | to evaluate the technical feasibility and homogeneity of drug distribution of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (pipac) based on a novel process of intraperitoneal drug application (multidirectional aerosolization). | 2017 | 29319734 |
| intraoperative cardiovascular response of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery versus laparoscopy: a comparative animal study. | natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (notes) emerged as a new alternative method in minimally invasive techniques. although a very small number of studies have compared the physiologic response in notes to laparoscopy, the results remain controversial. | 2018 | 29319013 |
| genetic and immunogenicity analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 strains isolated in central china. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is an economically important pathogen in domestic pigs and wild boars all around the world. to understand the molecular epidemiology of pcv2 strains circulating in central china and to provide a potential vaccine candidate strain, we analyzed the genetic variations of 46 pcv2 isolates circulating from 2009 to 2016 in henan province (24 detected in the field from 2009-2013 and 22 from 2013-2016) and evaluated the efficacy of an isolate as a vaccine candidate strai ... | 2018 | 29305646 |
| species specific antiviral activity of porcine interferon-α8 (ifnα8). | interferons (ifns) have been known as antiviral genes and they are classified by type 1, type 2, and type 3 ifn. the type 1 ifn consists of ifnα, ifnβ, ifnτ, and ifnω whereas the type 2 ifn consists of only ifnγ, which is a key cytokine driving t helper cell type 1 immunity. ifnλ belongs to the type 3 ifn, which is also known as il-28 and il-29 possessing antiviral activities. type 1 ifn is produced by viral infection whereas type 2 ifn is induced by mitogenic or antigenic t-cell stimuli. the if ... | 2017 | 29302255 |
| host contributes to longitudinal diversity of fecal microbiota in swine selected for lean growth. | in pigs, gut bacteria have been shown to play important roles in nutritional, physiological, and immunological processes in the host. however, the contribution of their metagenomes or part of them, which are normally reflected by fragments of 16s rrna-encoding genes, has yet to be fully investigated. | 2018 | 29301569 |
| magnetic resonance elastography can monitor changes in medullary stiffness in response to treatment in the swine ischemic kidney. | low-energy shockwave (sw) therapy attenuates damage in the stenotic kidney (stk) caused by atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (aras). we hypothesized that magnetic resonance elastography (mre) would detect attenuation of fibrosis following sw in unilateral aras kidneys. | 2017 | 29289980 |
| mitochondrial targeted peptides preserve mitochondrial organization and decrease reversible myocardial changes in early swine metabolic syndrome. | the mechanisms responsible for cardiac damage in the early stages of metabolic syndrome (mets) remain unknown. mitochondria are intimately associated with cellular myofibrils, with the cytoskeleton functioning as a linkage coordinator, and closely associated to the calcium release sites of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr). objective: we hypothesized that early mets is characterized by mitochondria-related myocardial damage, associated with altered cytoskeletal-mitochondria-sr interaction. methods ... | 2017 | 29267873 |
| effects of autologous fat and ascs on swine hypertrophic burn scars: a multimodal quantitative analysis. | hypertrophic scar formation is unpredictable and poorly understood, afflicting both the pediatric and adult populations. treatment methods with conservative and invasive approaches have low rates of compliance and high rates of morbidity. the purpose of this study was to test a reproducible scar model and investigate a new technique of scar modification through the use of adipose- derived progenitor stromal cells (ascs). | 2017 | 29263956 |
| spontaneously arrested transmission of cysticercosis in a highly endemic village with a very low migration rate. | taenia soliumcysticercosis is difficult to eliminate without interventions or societal development. atahualpa is a rural ecuadorian village with documented low migration rate, where domestic pig raising is common and human cysticercosis is endemic. to assess neurocysticercosis (ncc) prevalence, 1,273 villagers aged ≥ 20 years underwent neuroimaging studies, which showed calcified lesions in 121 (9.5%) individuals, but no active disease. likewise, positive reactions, apparently nonspecific, were ... | 2017 | 29260655 |
| the silent spread of porcine bocavirus in croatian pigs: should we be concerned? | a survey was conducted to evaluate the presence and prevalence of porcine bocavirus (pbov) in croatian domestic pigs by means of pcr targeting the ns1 gene fragment of pbov. this study included testing of faecal samples collected from 10 small commercial farms and 11 small backyard holdings in croatia. the presence of pbov was confirmed by pcr in 24 out of 57 composite faecal samples from small commercial farms and in 12 out of 43 composite faecal samples from small backyard holdings. the pcr pr ... | 2017 | 29256289 |
| inferring the evolution of the major histocompatibility complex of wild pigs and peccaries using hybridisation dna capture-based sequencing. | the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a key genomic model region for understanding the evolution of gene families and the co-evolution between host and pathogen. to date, mhc studies have mostly focused on species from major vertebrate lineages. the evolution of mhc classical (ia) and non-classical (ib) genes in pigs has attracted interest because of their antigen presentation roles as part of the adaptive immune system. the pig family suidae comprises over 18 extant species (mostly wild ... | 2017 | 29256177 |
| evaluation of protection induced by immunisation of domestic pigs with deletion mutant african swine fever virus beninδmgf by different doses and routes. | a live attenuated african swine fever virus (asfv) vaccine candidate, produced by deletion of several genes belonging to multi-gene families mgf360 and 505 from virulent benin 97/1 strain (beninδmgf), induces protection in pigs against parental virulent strain. in order to better define the safety and efficacy of this attenuated vaccine candidate and to understand protective mechanisms, we extended previous studies by intramuscular immunisation of pigs with the deletion mutant beninδmfg at diffe ... | 2018 | 29254837 |
| questionnaire-based assessment of wild boar/domestic pig interactions and implications for disease risk management in corsica. | wild boars and domestic pigs belong to the same species (sus scrofa). when sympatric populations of wild boars, feral pigs, and domestic pigs share the same environment, interactions between domestic and wild suids (idws) are suspected to facilitate the spread and maintenance of several pig pathogens which can impact on public health and pig production. however, information on the nature and factors facilitating those idws are rarely described in the literature. in order to understand the occurr ... | 2017 | 29250528 |
| a nationwide serosurvey of hepatitis e virus antibodies in the general population of portugal. | evidence has shown that hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is autochthonous in industrialized countries due to zoonotic transmission through direct contact or consumption of raw or undercooked meat from domestic swine or wild boar. as there is lack of data on seroprevalence of hev in the general portuguese population, a wide survey was conducted as part of the hepecontrol project (60dt2), under eea grants funding. | 2017 | 29237007 |
| comparison of continuous compression with regular ventilations versus 30:2 compressions-ventilations strategy during mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. | a compression-ventilation (c:v) ratio of 30:2 is recommended for adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) by the current american heart association (aha) guidelines. however, continuous chest compression (ccc) is an alternative strategy for cpr that minimizes interruption especially when an advanced airway exists. in this study, we investigated the effects of 30:2 mechanical cpr when compared with ccc in combination with regular ventilation in a porcine model. | 2017 | 29221300 |
| hepatitis e seroprevalence and genotyping in a cohort of wild boars in southern germany and eastern alsace. | in the last few years it has been realized that the hepatitis e virus (hev) is endemic in most industrialized countries and that it is a zoonotic disease. potential reservoirs for hev have been identified to be wild boars and deers, but hev has also been found in domestic pigs and other animals. due to the probable spread of the virus via contaminated food or contact to infected animals, hev antibodies are present in more than 16% of the german adult population and rates are increasing with age. ... | 2017 | 29214558 |
| effects of intramuscularly administered enrofloxacin on the susceptibility of commensal intestinal escherichia coli in pigs (sus scrofa domestica). | in the european union, various fluoroquinolones are authorised for the treatment of food producing animals. each administration poses an increased risk of development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of parenteral administration of enrofloxacin on the prevalence of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin susceptibilities in the commensal intestinal e. coli population. | 2017 | 29202759 |
| behavioural lateralization in domestic pigs (sus scrofa)-variations between motor functions and individuals. | motor lateralization is hypothesized to depend on the complexity of the motor function, but it might at the same time reflect hemispheric dominance within an individual across motor functions. we investigated possible motor lateralization patterns in four motor functions of different complexity (snout use in a manipulative task, foot use in two-stepping tasks and tail curling) in the domestic pig, a tetrapod species relevant as farm animal but also as a model in human neuroscience. a significant ... | 2017 | 29191074 |
| characterization of domestic pig spermatogenesis using spermatogonial stem cell markers in the early months of life. | in pigs, spermatogonial stem cells (sscs), which include gonocytes and undifferentiated spermatogonia, are classically defined as being present till up to 2 months of life. however, knowledge about this transition from gonocytes to undifferentiated spermatogonia in pigs is limited. in this study, we characterized pig sscs in neonatal (n = 6), one-month-old (1-mo-old, n = 6), two-month-old (2-mo-old, n = 6), and adult testes (n = 6) anatomically, histologically, and immunohistologically. anatomic ... | 2018 | 29156418 |
| outbreaks of neuroinvasive astrovirus associated with encephalomyelitis, weakness, and paralysis among weaned pigs, hungary. | a large, highly prolific swine farm in hungary had a 2-year history of neurologic disease among newly weaned (25- to 35-day-old) pigs, with clinical signs of posterior paraplegia and a high mortality rate. affected pigs that were necropsied had encephalomyelitis and neural necrosis. porcine astrovirus type 3 was identified by reverse transcription pcr and in situ hybridization in brain and spinal cord samples in 6 animals from this farm. among tissues tested by quantitative rt-pcr, the highest v ... | 2017 | 29148391 |
| preclinical animal models for temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. | there is a paucity of in vivo studies that investigate the safety and efficacy of temporomandibular joint (tmj) tissue regeneration approaches, in part due to the lack of established animal models. review of disease models for study of tmj is presented herein with an attempt to identify relevant preclinical animal models for tmj tissue engineering, with emphasis on the disc and condyle. although degenerative joint disease models have been mainly performed on mice, rats, and rabbits, preclinical ... | 2018 | 29121815 |
| metabolic syndrome alters expression of insulin signaling-related genes in swine mesenchymal stem cells. | metabolic syndrome (mets) is associated with insulin resistance (ir) and impaired glucose metabolism in muscle, fat, and other cells, and may induce inflammation and vascular remodeling. endogenous reparative systems, including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (msc), are responsible for repair of damaged tissue. msc have also been proposed as an exogenous therapeutic intervention in patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (ckd). the feasibility of using autol ... | 2018 | 29101070 |
| tracing the breeding farm of domesticated pig using feature selection (sus scrofa). | increasing food safety demands in the animal product market have created a need for a system to trace the food distribution process, from the manufacturer to the retailer, and genetic traceability is an effective method to trace the origin of animal products. in this study, we successfully achieved the farm tracing of 6,018 multi-breed pigs, using single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers strictly selected through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) feature selection. | 2017 | 29073733 |
| genome-wide analysis of structural variants reveals genetic differences in chinese pigs. | pigs have experienced long-term selections, resulting in dramatic phenotypic changes. structural variants (svs) are reported to exert extensive impacts on phenotypic changes. we built a high resolution and informative sv map based on high-depth sequencing data from 66 chinese domestic and wild pigs. we inferred the sv formation mechanisms in the pig genome and used svs as materials to perform a population-level analysis. we detected the selection signals on chromosome x for northern chinese dome ... | 2017 | 29065176 |
| production, performance, slaughter characteristics, and meat quality of ziwuling wild crossbred pigs. | wild boars, because of their large size and ability to survive adverse conditions, are usually used to cross with domestic breeds to improve the quality of domesticated pigs. this study aimed to investigate the growth performance, slaughter performance, and meat quality of ziwuling crossbred pigs. crossbred pigs in four groups (n = 8 per group, 4 boars and 4 sows, all aged 100 days), f1[wild × b (bamei)], f1 × b, f1 × y (yorkshire), and f1 × f1, were selected at a commercial pig farm. growth per ... | 2018 | 29064063 |
| reliability of transcardiopulmonary thermodilution cardiac output measurement in experimental aortic valve insufficiency. | monitoring cardiac output (co) is important to optimize hemodynamic function in critically ill patients. the prevalence of aortic valve insufficiency (ai) is rising in the aging population. however, reliability of co monitoring techniques in ai is unknown. the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ai on accuracy, precision, and trending ability of transcardiopulmonary thermodilution-derived cotcptd in comparison with pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution copac. | 2017 | 29049339 |
| population admixture in chinese and european sus scrofa. | relationships between different populations were investigated using porcine 60 k data from 1,135 domestic pigs and wild boars across europe and china. the results indicate that most european breeds have been introgressed with chinese ancestry, but the extent of introgression varies considerably among breeds. moreover, the main source of this introgression is pigs from south china, closely related to bamaxiang and dongshan pigs. contributions from east and central chinese pig breeds are also dete ... | 2017 | 29030577 |
| simultaneous profiles of sulfonated androgens, sulfonated estrogens and sulfonated progestogens in postpubertal boars (sus scrofa domestica) measured by lc-ms/ms. | sulfonated steroids (s-st) have been usually regarded as inactive metabolites but are progressively considered as precursors for the intra-tissue formation of bioactive steroids. moreover, independent effects without preceding removal of the sulfate group have been observed. we use the porcine testicular-epididymal compartment as a model to investigate the still largely unknown s-st physiology as the boar exhibits an intriguingly broad s-st spectrum predominantly originating from the testis. the ... | 2017 | 29030154 |
| biocompatibility and osseointegration of titanium implants with a silver-doped polysiloxane coating: an in vivo pig model. | to test the antimicrobial properties, surface topography, reaction of surrounding tissue (biocompatibility), and osseointegration of ultrathin implant surfaces containing polysiloxane and nanoscaled silver particles. | 2017 | 29028852 |
| why is african swine fever still present in sardinia? | african swine fever (asf) is an infectious disease of swine that has been present in sardinia since 1978. soon after introduction of the disease, several control and eradication programmes were established with limited success. some researchers attributed the persistence of the disease in central and eastern areas to certain socio-economic factors, the existence of some local and traditional farming practices (i.e., unregistered free-ranging pigs known as brado animals) and the high density of w ... | 2017 | 29027378 |
| characterization of the african swine fever virus decapping enzyme during infection. | african swine fever virus (asfv) infection is characterized by a progressive decrease in cellular protein synthesis with a concomitant increase in viral protein synthesis, though the mechanism by which the virus achieves this is still unknown. decrease of cellular mrna is observed during asfv infection, suggesting that inhibition of cellular proteins is due to an active mrna degradation process. asfv carries a gene (ba71v d250r/malawi g5r) that encodes a decapping protein (asfv-dp) that has a nu ... | 2017 | 29021398 |
| a preclinical evaluation comparing the performance of a novel 19-g flexible needle to a commercially available 22-g ebus-tbna sampling needle. | needle samples may not provide sufficient diagnostic material for the assessment of mediastinal lymph nodes. | 2017 | 29020679 |
| signatures of selection and interspecies introgression in the genome of chinese domestic pigs. | chinese domestic pigs have experienced strong artificial selection for thousands of years. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the selection-causing phenotypic changes in chinese domestic pigs are still largely unknown. here we used whole-genome resequencing data of 54 pigs from 9 chinese diverse breeds and 16 wild boars from 7 localities across china to identify genes that show evidence of positive selection in the process of domestication. a total of 14 candidate domestication regions ... | 2017 | 29016799 |
| improved method for the establishment of an in vitro blood-brain barrier model based on porcine brain endothelial cells. | the aim of this protocol presents an optimized procedure for the purification and cultivation of pbecs and to establish in vitro blood-brain barrier (bbb) models based on pbecs in mono-culture (mc), mc with astrocyte-conditioned medium (acm), and non-contact co-culture (ncc) with astrocytes of porcine or rat origin. pbecs were isolated and cultured from fragments of capillaries from the brain cortices of domestic pigs 5-6 months old. these fragments were purified by careful removal of meninges, ... | 2017 | 28994773 |
| ex vivo treatment with inhaled n-acetylcysteine in porcine lung transplantation. | we have shown the beneficial effects of n-acetylcysteine (nac) on posttransplant lung function, when both donor and recipient were pretreated intravenously. however, systemic treatment of multiorgan donors may not be clinically relevant. thus, we hypothesized that ex vivo treatment of donors with nebulized nac would be adequate to prevent from ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation. | 2017 | 28985871 |
| molecular study of porcine circovirus type 2 in wild boars and domestic pigs in uruguay from 2010 to 2014: predominance of recombinant circulating strains. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a worldwide distributed pathogen and one of the most economically relevant swine infections. four genotypes have been recognized and it is well known that pcv2a, pcv2b and pcv2d have a global distribution. however, the information about recombinant strains circulation and their influence in driving pcv2 evolution is a poorly studied area. in uruguay, pcv2 associated symptoms began to be frequently observed in pigs from different farms since 2010. the main purp ... | 2017 | 28964894 |
| complete genome sequences and phylogenetic analysis of encephalomyocarditis virus strains isolated from pigs and rats origin. | in order to evaluate the genetic variability of encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv), the whole genomes of six emcv field isolates originating from pigs and rats origin in different regions of central china, were phylogenetically and comparatively analyzed. phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequences, open reading frame (orf), capsid coding region (ccr) and vp3/vp1 using neighbor-joining analysis revealed that these isolates belonged to lineage 1. nucleotide sequences of six isolates showed mor ... | 2017 | 28964856 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected domestic pigs in northern serbia. | insufficiently cooked pork is considered as an important source of human infection with toxoplasma gondii. the aim of our study was to investigate the presence of t. gondii in pigs intended for human consumption from northern serbia. blood and diaphragm samples were collected from 182 naturally infected market-weight pigs, originating from both commercial farms and smallholdings. sera were examined using modified agglutination test (mat), and diaphragms from seropositive, as well as from some ma ... | 2017 | 28956155 |
| interventional magnetic resonance imaging guided carotid embolectomy using a novel resonant marker catheter: demonstration of preclinical feasibility. | to assess the visualization and efficacy of a wireless resonant circuit (wrc) catheter system for carotid artery occlusion and embolectomy under real-time mri guidance in vivo, and to compare mr imaging modality with x-ray for analysis of qualitative physiological measures of blood flow at baseline and after embolectomy. the wrc catheter system was constructed using a mr compatible peek fiber braided catheter (penumbra, inc, alameda, ca) with a single insulated longitudinal copper loop soldered ... | 2017 | 28948399 |
| peri-conceptional under-nutrition alters transcriptomic profile in the endometrium during the peri-implantation period-the study in domestic pigs. | female under-nutrition during early pregnancy may affect the physiological pattern of the transcriptomic profile in the endometrium. we aimed to determine if restricted diet applied to females during peri-conceptional period, that is, from the onset of the oestrus until day nine of pregnancy, alters transcriptomic profile in the endometrium during the peri-implantation period. the restricted diet gilts were fed forage, in which the dose of proteins and energy had been reduced by 30% compared to ... | 2018 | 28944507 |
| single step genome-wide association studies based on genotyping by sequence data reveals novel loci for the litter traits of domestic pigs. | in this study, data genotyping by sequence (gbs) was used to perform single step gwas (ssgwas) to identify snps associated with the litter traits in domestic pigs and search for candidate genes in the region of significant snps. after quality control, 167,355 high-quality snps from 532 pigs were obtained. phenotypic traits on 2112 gilt litters from 532 pigs were recorded including total number born (tnb), number born alive (nba), and litter weight born alive (lwb). a single-step genomic blup app ... | 2017 | 28943389 |
| multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for the differential detection of porcine circovirus 2 and 3. | a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (mqpcr) assay was developed for the rapid and differential detection of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and pcv3. each of the capsid genes of pcv2 and pcv3 were amplified using specific primers and probe sets, while no other porcine pathogen genes were detected. limit of detection of the assay was below 50 copies of the target genes of pcv2 and pcv3, and was comparable to that of previously described methods the assay showed high repeatabi ... | 2017 | 28941615 |
| genome-wide snp data unveils the globalization of domesticated pigs. | pigs were domesticated independently in eastern and western eurasia early during the agricultural revolution, and have since been transported and traded across the globe. here, we present a worldwide survey on 60k genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) data for 2093 pigs, including 1839 domestic pigs representing 122 local and commercial breeds, 215 wild boars, and 39 out-group suids, from asia, europe, america, oceania and africa. the aim of this study was to infer global patterns in ... | 2017 | 28934946 |
| diagnostic specificity of the african swine fever virus antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in feral and domestic pigs in the united states. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious haemorrhagic disease of pigs that has the potential to cause mortality nearing 100% in naïve animals. while an outbreak of asf in the united states' pig population (domestic and feral) has never been reported, an introduction of the disease has the potential to cause devastation to the pork industry and food security. during the recovery phase of an outbreak, an antibody detection diagnostic assay would be required to prove freedom of disease with ... | 2017 | 28921873 |
| vocal correlates of emotional reactivity within and across contexts in domestic pigs (sus scrofa). | vocalizations have long been recognized to encode information about an individual's emotional state and, as such, have contributed to the study of emotions in animals. however, the potential of vocalizations to also encode information about an individual's emotional reactivity has received much less attention. in this study, we aimed to test whether the vocalizations of domestic pigs contain correlates of emotional reactivity that are consistent between different contexts. we recorded vocalizati ... | 2017 | 28912089 |
| persistence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae sequence types in spite of a control program for enzootic pneumonia in pigs. | enzootic pneumonia (ep) in pigs caused by mycoplasma (m.) hyopneumoniae has successfully been combatted in switzerland. a control program was fully implemented in 2004 which is based on total depopulation strategies of affected fattening farms as well as partial depopulation on breeding farms. thereby, the number of cases has dropped drastically from more than 200 in 2003 to two cases in 2013. currently monitoring is done based on clinical observation and subsequent diagnostic of coughing pigs. ... | 2017 | 28903876 |
| evolution and genome specialization of brucella suis biovar 2 iberian lineages. | swine brucellosis caused by b. suis biovar 2 is an emergent disease in domestic pigs in europe. the emergence of this pathogen has been linked to the increase of extensive pig farms and the high density of infected wild boars (sus scrofa). in portugal and spain, the majority of strains share specific molecular characteristics, which allowed establishing an iberian clonal lineage. however, several strains isolated from wild boars in the north-east region of spain are similar to strains isolated i ... | 2017 | 28899413 |
| immortalization and characterization of porcine macrophages that had been transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding the sv40 large t antigen and porcine telomerase reverse transcriptase. | the domestic pig is an important agricultural animal, and thus, infectious diseases that affect pigs can cause severe economic losses in the global swine industry. various porcine pathogens target macrophages, which are classical innate immune cells. although macrophages basically protect the host from pathogens, they also seem to contribute to infectious processes. therefore, cultured macrophages can be used to developin vitromodels for studying not only genes associated with porcine innate imm ... | 2017 | 28871285 |
| genomic characteristics ofbifidobacterium thermacidophilumpig isolates and wild boar isolates reveal the unique presence of a putative mobile genetic element withtetwfor pig farm isolates. | genomic analysis was performed on seven strains ofbifidobacterium thermacidophilum, asus-associatedbifidobacterium. three strains from the feces of domestic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) and four strains from the rectal feces of free-range japanese wild boars (s. s. scrofa) were compared. the phylogenetic position of these isolates suggested by genomic analyses were not concordant with that suggested by 16s rrna sequence. there was biased distribution of genes for virulence, phage, metabolism of ... | 2017 | 28861055 |
| corrigendum. | sayler ka, bigelow t, koster lg, swenson s, bounds c, hernández f, wisely sm. development of a rapid, simple, and specific real-time pcr assay for detection of pseudorabies viral dna in domestic swine herds. j vet diagn invest 2017;29:522-528. (original doi:10.1177/1040638717706593). in the article titled "development of a rapid, simple, and specific real-time pcr assay for detection of pseudorabies viral dna in domestic swine herds" by katherine a. sayler et al., the acknowledgements section, s ... | 2017 | 28859602 |
| synthesis, radiofluorination, and preliminary evaluation of the potential 5-ht2areceptor agonists [18f]cimbi-92 and [18f]cimbi-150. | an agonist pet tracer is of key interest for the imaging of the 5-ht2areceptor, as exemplified by the previously reported success of [11c]cimbi-36. fluorine-18 holds several advantages over carbon-11, making it the radionuclide of choice for clinical purposes. in this respect, an18f-labelled agonist 5-ht2areceptor (5-ht2ar) tracer is highly sought after. herein, we report a 2-step, 1-pot labelling methodology of 2 tracer candidates. both ligands display high in vitro affinities for the 5-ht2ar. ... | 2017 | 28856700 |
| the impact of alteplase on pulmonary graft function in donation after circulatory death - an experimental study. | lung transplantation is hampered by the lack of organs resulting in deaths on the waiting list. the usage of donation after circulatory death (dcd) lungs would dramatically increase donor availability. the most optimal organ preservation method, and the need for antithrombotic and fibrinolytic treatment to prevent thrombosis in the donor lungs is currently on debate. the present study investigated, in a simulated clinical dcd situation, whether the addition of alteplase in the flush-perfusion so ... | 2017 | 28839932 |
| the epidemiology of african swine fever in "nonendemic" regions of zambia (1989-2015): implications for disease prevention and control. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious and deadly viral hemorrhagic disease of swine. in zambia, asf was first reported in 1912 in eastern province and is currently believed to be endemic in that province only. strict quarantine measures implemented at the luangwa river bridge, the only surface outlet from eastern province, appeared to be successful in restricting the disease. however, in 1989, an outbreak occurred for the first time outside the endemic province. sporadic outbreaks hav ... | 2017 | 28832525 |
| multiple stent delivery system multi-loc, a new technology for spot-stenting of the femoropopliteal artery - proof of concept study in a preclinical large animal model. | a new stent system was studied in a porcine model to evaluate its feasibility for spot-stenting of the femoropopliteal artery. | 2017 | 28825354 |
| convergent and divergent genetic changes in the genome of chinese and european pigs. | since 10,000 bc, continuous human selection has led to intense genetic and phenotypic changes in pig (sus scrofa) domestication. through whole genome analysis of 257 individuals, we demonstrated artificial unidirectional and bidirectional selection as the primary force to shape the convergent and divergent changes between chinese domestic pigs (chd) and european domestic pigs (eud). we identified 31 genes in unidirectional selection regions that might be related to fundamental domestication requ ... | 2017 | 28819228 |
| effect of ha330 resin-directed hemoadsorption on a porcine acute respiratory distress syndrome model. | blood purification is an emerging approach to dampening the cytokine storm. this study aims to assess the efficacy of ha330 resin-directed hemoadsorption (ha) on endotoxin-induced porcine acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) model. | 2017 | 28808944 |
| origin and dispersal of early domestic pigs in northern china. | it is widely accepted that modern pigs were domesticated independently at least twice, and chinese native pigs are deemed as direct descendants of the first domesticated pigs in the corresponding domestication centers. by analyzing mitochondrial dna sequences of an extensive sample set spanning 10,000 years, we find that the earliest pigs from the middle yellow river region already carried the maternal lineages that are dominant in both younger archaeological populations and modern chinese pigs. ... | 2017 | 28798357 |
| quantitative approach for the risk assessment of african swine fever and classical swine fever introduction into the united states through legal imports of pigs and swine products. | the us livestock safety strongly depends on its capacity to prevent the introduction of transboundary animal diseases (tads). therefore, accurate and updated information on the location and origin of those potential tads risks is essential, so preventive measures as market restrictions can be put on place. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the current risk of african swine fever (asf) and classical swine fever (csf) introduction into the us through the legal importations of live ... | 2017 | 28797058 |
| a test for paedomorphism in domestic pig cranial morphology. | domestic animals are often described as paedomorphic, meaning that they retain juvenile characteristics into adulthood. through a three-dimensional landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis of cranial morphology at three growth stages, we demonstrate that wild boar (n= 138) and domestic pigs (n= 106) (sus scrofa) follow distinct ontogenetic trajectories. with the exception of the size ratio between facial and neurocranial regions, paedomorphism does not appear to be the primary pattern desc ... | 2017 | 28794276 |
| preclinical efficacy and safety of kcnh2-g628s gene therapy for postoperative atrial fibrillation. | postoperative atrial fibrillation (poaf) is the most common complication occurring after cardiac surgery. multiple studies have shown significantly increased risks of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death associated with poaf. current prophylaxis strategies are inadequate to eliminate this problem. we examined the preclinical efficacy and safety of kcnh2-g628s gene transfer to prevent poaf. | 2017 | 28676183 |
| immunoregulatory effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells in a porcine ex vivo lung perfusion model. | primary graft dysfunction (pgd) is considered to be the end result of an inflammatory response targeting the new lung allograft after transplant. previous research has indicated that mapc cell therapy might attenuate this injury by its paracrine effects on the pro-/anti-inflammatory balance. this study aims to investigate the immunoregulatory capacities of mapc cells in pgd when administered in the airways. | 2017 | 28676074 |
| a high sucrose and high fat diet induced the development of insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle of bama miniature pigs through the akt/glut4 pathway. | a high sucrose and high fat (hshf) diet induces insulin resistance (ir) and increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized. this study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which the hshf diet impairs insulin sensitivity in bama miniature pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). twelve bama miniature pigs were randomly assigned to the control diet (cd) group (n=6) or the hshf group (n=6) for 6 months. biochemical parameters wer ... | 2017 | 28674285 |
| physiological mechanisms through which heat stress compromises reproduction in pigs. | seasonal variations in environmental temperatures impose added stress on domestic species bred for economically important production traits. these heat-mediated stressors vary on a seasonal, daily, or spatial scale, and negatively impact behavior and reduce feed intake and growth rate, which inevitably lead to reduced herd productivity. the seasonal infertility observed in domestic swine is primarily characterized by depressed reproductive performance, which manifests as delayed puberty onset, r ... | 2017 | 28667793 |
| endoluminal nd:yag laser application in ex vivo biliary porcine tissue. | adequate biliary drainage with endoscopic or percutaneous placement of self-expandable metal stents represents the goal of palliation in patients with inoperable malignant obstruction of the biliary tree. as an adjunct to stenting, various tissue ablation treatments have been proposed with conflicting results. the aim of this study was to test the effect on biliary tissue of a new ablation technique based on nd:yag laser light delivery. the study was conducted on ex vivo specimens of 18 healthy ... | 2017 | 28667507 |