| development of ferret as a human lung cancer model by injecting 4-(nmethyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk). | development of new animal lung cancer models that are relevant to human lung carcino-genesis is important for lung cancer research. previously we have shown the induction of lung tumor in ferrets (mustela putorius furo) exposed to both tobacco smoke and a tobacco carcinogen (4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, nnk). in the present study, we investigated whether nnk treatment alone induces both preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in the lungs of ferrets. | 2013 | 24396883 |
| initiation of teeth from the dental lamina in the ferret. | mammalian tooth development is characterized by formation of primary teeth that belong to different tooth classes and are later replaced by a single set of permanent teeth. the first primary teeth are initiated from the primary dental lamina, and the replacement teeth from the successional dental lamina at the lingual side of the primary teeth. an interdental lamina connects the primary tooth germs together. most mammalian tooth development research is done on mouse, which does not have teeth in ... | 2014 | 24393477 |
| organization and cellular arrangement of two neurogenic regions in the adult ferret (mustela putorius furo) brain. | in the adult mammalian brain, two neurogenic regions have been characterized, the subventricular zone (svz) of the lateral ventricle (lv) and the subgranular zone (sgz) of the dentate gyrus (dg). despite remarkable knowledge of rodents, the detailed arrangement of neurogenic regions in most mammals is poorly understood. in this study, we used immunohistochemistry and cell type-specific antibodies to investigate the organization of two germinal regions in the adult ferret, which belongs to the or ... | 2014 | 24214369 |
| diagnosis and successful surgical treatment of an unusual inguinal liposarcoma in a pet ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 4 1/2-year-old female spayed ferret (mustela putorius furo) was presented for a rapidly growing mass in the inguinal region. following a complete clinical evaluation, the unusual mass was surgically removed and the histopathological diagnosis was an inguinal liposarcoma. no post-operative complications were observed over a 14-month follow-up period. | 2013 | 24155472 |
| distichiasis in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 4-year-old intact male ferret was presented to the ophthalmology service of the department of clinical sciences of companion animals of utrecht university with chronic blepharospasm, epiphora, and conjunctivitis of the right eye. examination of the eye revealed mild conjunctivitis and three hairs protruding from the openings of meibomian glands in the upper eyelid, providing the clinical diagnosis of distichiasis. the distichia were removed by transconjunctival unipolar electrocautery. recover ... | 2014 | 24118780 |
| the genetic legacy of the 19th-century decline of the british polecat: evidence for extensive introgression from feral ferrets. | in the 19th century, the british polecat suffered a demographic contraction, as a consequence of direct persecution, reaching its lowest population in the years that preceded the first world war. the polecat is now recovering and expanding throughout britain, but introgressive hybridization with feral ferrets has been reported, which could be masking the true range of the polecat and introducing domestic genes into the species. we used a fragment of the mitochondrial dna control region and 11 mi ... | 2013 | 24050727 |
| anesthesia differentially modulates spontaneous network dynamics by cortical area and layer. | anesthesia is widely used in medicine and research to achieve altered states of consciousness and cognition. whereas changes to macroscopic cortical activity patterns by anesthesia measured at the spatial resolution of electroencephalography have been widely studied, modulation of mesoscopic and microscopic network dynamics by anesthesia remain poorly understood. to address this gap in knowledge, we recorded spontaneous mesoscopic (local field potential) and microscopic (multiunit activity) netw ... | 2013 | 24047911 |
| erythema multiforme in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | erythema multiforme, an uncommon skin disease resulting from an aberrant immune response, was diagnosed in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) based on clinical signs and skin biopsies, and this seems to be the first case report of this dermal disease in the ferret. this article discusses treatment and response, and reviews the small animal literature as it relates to disease pathophysiology and treatment. | 2013 | 24018028 |
| use of a gnrh vaccine, gonacon, for prevention and treatment of adrenocortical disease (acd) in domestic ferrets. | adrenocortical disease (acd) is a common problem in surgically sterilized, middle-aged to old ferrets (mustela putorius furo). the adrenal tissues of these ferrets develop hyperplasia, adenomas, or adenocarcinomas, which produce steroid hormones including estradiol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione. major clinical signs attributable to overproduction of these hormones are alopecia (hair loss) in both sexes and a swollen vulva in females. pruritus, muscle atrophy, hind limb weakness, a ... | 2013 | 23906891 |
| transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates large-scale cortical network activity by network resonance. | transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) has emerged as a potentially safe and effective brain stimulation modality that alters cortical excitability by passing a small, constant electric current through the scalp. tdcs creates an electric field that weakly modulates the membrane voltage of a large number of cortical neurons. recent human studies have suggested that sine-wave stimulation waveforms [transcranial alternating current stimulation (tacs)] represent a more targeted stimulation p ... | 2013 | 23825429 |
| mri-based morphometric characterizations of sexual dimorphism of the cerebrum of ferrets (mustela putorius). | the present study aimed to characterize cerebral morphology in young adult ferrets and its sexual dimorphism using high-field mri and mri-based morphometry. ex vivo short tr/te (typical t1-weighted parameter setting for conventional mri) and t2w (long tr/te) mri with high spatial resolution at 7-tesla could visualize major subcortical and archicortical structures, i.e., the caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, amygdala and hippocampus. in particular, laminar organization of the olfactory bulb was ... | 2013 | 23770407 |
| imaging findings in 14 domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with lymphoma. | lymphoma is the most common malignant neoplasia in domestic ferrets, mustela putorius furo. however, imaging findings in ferrets with lymphoma have primarily been described in single case reports. the purpose of this retrospective study was to describe imaging findings in a group of ferrets with confirmed lymphoma. medical records were searched between 2002 and 2012. a total of 14 ferrets were included. radiographs (n = 12), ultrasound (n = 14), computed tomography (ct; n = 1), and magnetic reso ... | 2016 | 23738830 |
| adrenohepatic fusion in domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | we describe two cases of adrenohepatic fusion (ahf) in domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo). this condition is defined as the union of hepatic tissue with the adrenal gland with close fusion of the respective parenchymal cells and lack of a fibrous capsule between the two cell populations. ahf is believed to be a congenital anomaly caused by failure of retroperitoneal mesenchyme to stimulate capsule formation, promoting the fusion of the structures. two male domestic ferrets had a mass adher ... | 2013 | 23651693 |
| epidemiological evaluation of cystine urolithiasis in domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo): 70 cases (1992-2009). | to determine the prevalence of cystine uroliths in domestic ferrets with urolithiasis and determine whether age, breed, sex, reproductive status, anatomic location, and season are risk factors associated with cystine urolith formation. | 2013 | 23547673 |
| evaluation of intraocular pressure in conscious ferrets (mustela putorius furo) by means of rebound tonometry and comparison with applanation tonometry. | to determine normal intraocular pressure (iop) values by means of rebound tonometry in unanaesthetised ferrets, and to compare rebound and applanation tonometry, 55 clinically healthy ferrets were included in an observational, prospective, blinded study. on 52 ferrets, iop was measured by means of rebound and applanation tonometry. on 3 ferrets, rebound tonometry was performed every two hours over a 24-hour period. mean iops of the 104 eyes obtained with the rebound tonometer were 14.07±0.35 (95 ... | 2013 | 23486504 |
| diagnosis of liver disease in domestic ferrets (mustela putorius). | liver disease in ferrets is often subclinical and underdiagnosed. clinical pathology and diagnostic imaging are needed to guide clinicians but definite diagnosis is based on histopathologic lesions. inflammatory digestive conditions can lead to ascending tract infection and hepatobiliary inflammation. ferrets have a specific sensitivity to hepatic lipidosis. incidence of hepatic neoplasia is high in ferrets. after a summary of anatomy and physiology of the ferret liver, hepatic diseases known in ... | 2013 | 23347541 |
| evaluation of portable blood glucose meters for measurement of blood glucose concentration in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | to evaluate agreement of 3 models of portable blood glucose meters (pbgms; 2 designed for use with human samples and 1 designed for veterinary use) with a laboratory analyzer for measurement of blood glucose concentrations in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | 2013 | 23327177 |
| echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in client-owned ferrets: 95 cases (1994-2009). | to characterize echocardiographic and ecg findings in ferrets (mustela putorius furo) evaluated at a clinical practice. | 2012 | 23176241 |
| development of cerebral sulci and gyri in ferrets (mustela putorius). | the present study aimed to clarify sulcation and gyration patterns in the developing cerebrum of ferrets. while the brain weight and fronto-occipital length of the cerebral hemisphere reached a plateau by postnatal day (pd) 42, the cerebral width reached a plateau at the rostral region by pd 21, and subsequently at the caudal region by pd 42. the ferret cerebrum already showed a convoluted surface with indentations of coronal and rostral suprasylvian sulci on pd 4. the presylvian and cruciate su ... | 2012 | 22925218 |
| ventricular septal defect in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a four-year-old, castrated male ferret (mustela putorius furo) was evaluated because of a one-year history of sporadic cough. on physical examination a grade 5 of 6 holosystolic murmur was audible over the right apex of the heart. radiographic findings included the presence of air bronchograms in apical lobes accompanied by pulmonary venous congestion. colour doppler echocardiography revealed a left-to-right shunting compatible with a ventricular septal defect. medical therapy was initiated at t ... | 2012 | 22861049 |
| intramedullary lumbosacral teratoma in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | an 18-month-old, female, spayed domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) was presented for progressive hind limb paresis of 1 week duration. the ferret was mentally appropriate but cachexic and ataxic with neurological deficits, which localized the lesion to the lumbosacral region. a depression in the lumbosacral spine was associated with discomfort on palpation. results of whole body radiographs were consistent with an abnormal angle between vertebrae l6 and s1, which resulted in hyperflexion of ... | 2012 | 22529139 |
| a new orally active, aminothiol radioprotector-free of nausea and hypotension side effects at its highest radioprotective doses. | a new aminothiol, prc-210, was tested for orally conferred radioprotection (rats, mice; 9.0 gy whole-body, which was otherwise lethal to 100% of the animals) and presence of the debilitating side effects (nausea/vomiting, hypotension/fainting) that restrict use of the current aminothiol, amifostine (ethyol, wr-2721). | 2012 | 22330992 |
| endogenous lentiviruses in the ferret genome. | by screening 74 chordate genomes for endogenous lentiviruses using pol sequences of exogenous lentiviruses as a reference, we identified a novel endogenous lentivirus in the genome of the ferret (mustela putorius furo). phylogenetic analysis suggested that the ferret endogenous lentivirus, denoted elvmpf, diverged early in the evolution of the mammalian lentiviruses, although with a lack of resolution at key nodes. these data support the notion that lentiviruses have evolved on timescales of mil ... | 2012 | 22238305 |
| response to fasting in an unnaturally obese carnivore, the captive european polecat mustela putorius. | the european polecat (mustela putorius) is a naturally lean carnivore prone to excessive weight gain in captivity. this study assessed its suitability to investigate the natural history of the obese phenotype displayed in overweight humans, domestic animals, and seasonally obese wild mammals. ten farm-bred polecats were subjected to a 5-day fast with 10 controls. obesity (40% body fat) was associated with an unfavorable plasma lipid profile and high glucose and insulin concentrations. the poleca ... | 2009 | 19657073 |
| kin recognition versus familiarity in a solitary mustelid, the european polecat mustela putorius. | the aim of this experimental study was to investigate kin discrimination in the polecat and to analyse the ontogeny of interactions. juvenile polecats (ten males and nine females) had been raised under four distinct experimental conditions: 1, kin, familiar; 2, kin, unfamiliar; 3, non-kin, familiar; 4, non-kin, unfamiliar. during dyadic encounters between polecats in neutral enclosures, the number of positive (tolerance), negative (aggression), intermediate (intimidation), and neutral interactio ... | 2008 | 18280990 |
| spatial and temporal analysis of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide residues in polecats (mustela putorius) from throughout their range in britain, 1992-1999. | polecats (mustela putorius) in britain are currently expanding their range eastwards from wales to reoccupy central and eastern areas of england. second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (sgars), to which polecats are exposed by eating contaminated prey, are used more extensively in these central and eastern regions, leading to fears of increased exposure, and possible resultant mortality. we measured bromadiolone, difenacoum, flocoumafen and brodifacoum concentrations in the livers of 50 po ... | 2003 | 12531306 |
| helminth fauna of the european polecat (mustela putorius linnaeus, 1758) in belorussian polesie. | | 2002 | 11954912 |
| phytosterols act as endocrine and metabolic disruptors in the european polecat (mustela putorius). | phytosterols or plant sterols (ps) are consumed as natural remedies and margarines by the general population in developed countries to lower elevated serum cholesterol levels. they are also present in high concentrations in pulp mill effluents. the aim of the study was to screen the endocrine and metabolic parameters of the european polecat (mustela putorius) for the effects of ps. the results showed an increase in the plasma estradiol and th levels with no effects on the hypophyseal regulatory ... | 2002 | 11781076 |
| time budget as related to feeding tactics of european polecat mustela putorius. | the time budget of five male and four female european polecats was studied in western france through radiotracking surveys. their activity level averaged 7 h and 31 min without any significant differences between males and females. however two phases, foraging and travelling, were not similarly distributed in both sexes. despite a strong sexual dimorphism, females spent more time foraging than males. travelling, i.e. time devoted to linear movements was more important in males than females. vari ... | 1999 | 24896689 |
| all-trans beta-carotene is absorbed preferentially to 9-cis beta-carotene, but the latter accumulates in the tissues of domestic ferrets (mustela putorius puro). | the algae dunaliella bardawil and dunaliella salina naturally contain large concentrations of all-trans and 9-cis beta-carotene (betac). the purpose of this study was to compare the relative serum and tissue accumulation of all-trans and 9-cis betac in ferrets fed different ratios of all-trans/9-cis betac derived from two commercial sources, d. bardawil or d. salina (betatene). male ferrets (7 wk old) were fed carotene-free, pelleted diets for 27 d. beginning on d 18, groups of ferrets (n = 6 or ... | 1998 | 9808657 |
| [on the significance of a method for correlating structure and its role in defining etiologic factors]. | correlations of 12 skull measurements in two european mammal species-the common polecat (mustela putorius l.) and muskrat (ondatra zibethicus l.) were examined. correlation connections between different skull measurements were plotted on czekanowski's diagrams and the correlation structures of the two species were compared by two methods: terentjev's correlation pleiads and vyhandu's one. considerable differences were found in the correlation structures of the skull. the indicator-characters of ... | 1997 | 9381717 |
| second-generation rodenticides and polecats (mustela putorius) in britain. | in britain, polecats mustela putorius hunt around farm buildings, especially in winter, and, as a result, may be secondarily exposed to rodenticides by eating contaminated prey. this paper reports the first survey of second-generation rodenticides in polecats. twenty-nine adult polecats which had been killed either accidentally on roads (24) and in traps (4), or had died of an unknown cause (1) were collected during 1992-1994. the livers of 24 animals and the stomach walls of the remaining five, ... | 1996 | 15091419 |
| [the characteristics of water metabolism and the resistance to dehydration of representatives of the family of mustelids (carnivora: mustelidae)]. | food consumption, total water intake, urine volume and concentration, and water content in feces were determined under the conditions of free access to drinking water and in its absence in some mustelids that inhabit territories with different water accessibility: mustela putorius, m. eversmanni, m. lutreola, and m. vison. specific features of water metabolism and resistance to dehydration in the studied species corresponded fairly well to differences in their ecology. | 2016 | 7735034 |
| organochlorine residues and heavy metals in kidneys of polecats (mustela putorius) from switzerland. | | 1990 | 2124938 |
| effects of group and sex combination on productive performance of farmed polecats (mustela putorius). | effects of cage size, sex and social status on body growth and fur quality of juvenile, growing polecats (mustela putorius) were studied under farm conditions. no significant differences in growth rate or fur quality parameters between various female groups were found. in males, animals housed by threes within a cage produced lowest final body mass and shortest pelt lengths. the best productive result was found in group where 2 males and 2 females were kept together in large-sized cages. in both ... | 1990 | 2353548 |
| imprinting on prey odours in ferrets (mustela putorius f. furo l. ) and its neural correlates. | the effect of different feeding conditions during ontogeny was investigated in the carnivorous ferret. behavioral tests and cardiac responses towards known and unknown odours as well as food choice tests showed that in this species olfaction plays an important role for prey recognition. yet, the knowledge of the prey odours has to be learned during a sensitive phase which was found to exist between postnatal days 60 and 90. in adult ferrets, searching for prey can be elicited reliably by familia ... | 1986 | 24924694 |
| seasonal changes in energy economy of farmed polecat as evaluated by body weight, food intake and behavioural strategy. | an analysis of seasonal changes in energy budget of the farmed polecat (mustela putorius) was performed in subarctic climate. cyclical variations were found in the body weight of male polecats from maximum values in february (2.1 kg) to minimum values in june-july (1.5 kg). there were only minor seasonal changes in the body weight of females. there was a direct relationship between body weight and voluntary energy intake on one hand (r = 0.89) and an inverse relationship between body weight and ... | 1986 | 3774908 |
| urolithiasis in ferrets (mustela putorius). | urinary calculi was observed frequently in ferrets which were from a group used for influenza research. they were submitted for necropsy with various clinical signs. the calculi were composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate and were found in the pelvis of the kidney, urinary bladder and urethra. crystals of undetermined nature occasionally were observed in the kidneys. | 1979 | 459421 |
| the reproductive cycle in the male polecat putorius putorius in britain. | | 1976 | 1027631 |
| mustelan, the malodorous substance from the anal gland of the mink (mustela vison) and the polecat (mustela putorius). | | 1976 | 822756 |
| variation in basal arteries of the brain in polecat (mustela putorius putorius l.). | observations carried out on 106 polecat brains showed that the system of basilar arteries of the brain is similar to those in other cornivorous species. the observed variation was manifested in a differentiation connections of the vessels, in occurence of some variations and in asymmetry. some cases of such variations were hitherto observed only in some ruminants. | 1976 | 1020814 |
| the effects of oestrous condition and familiarity on the sexual behaviour of polecats (mustela putorius and m. furo x m. purorius hybrids). | | 1974 | 4478805 |
| chromosome studies of mustela putorius in tissue culture. | | 1972 | 4680633 |
| [contribution to the study of neurosecretion and the microscopic anatomy of the hypothalamus in putorius putorius]. | | 1963 | 14115635 |
| [certain functional peculiarities of the visual analysor of putorius putorius]. | | 1953 | 13127749 |
| infection of ferrets with influenza virus elicits a light chain-biased antibody response against hemagglutinin. | the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) is a commonly used animal model for the study of influenza virus infection and vaccination. recently, our group has developed murine mabs with specificity for the κ (igκ) and λ (igλ) l chains of ferret ig. these mabs were used to quantify the abundance of igκ and igλ in serum and to evaluate l chain usage of the ab response against the hemagglutinin (ha) protein elicited by influenza infection. after influenza a infection of immunologically naive ferre ... | 2017 | 29079697 |
| invasive mammalian predators habituate to and generalize avian prey cues: a mechanism for conserving native prey. | invasive mammalian predators can cause the decline and extinction of vulnerable native species. many invasive mammalian predators are dietary generalists that hunt a variety of prey. these predators often rely upon olfaction when foraging, particularly at night. little is understood about how prey odor cues are used to inform foraging decisions. prey cues can vary spatially and temporally in their association with prey and can either reveal the location of prey or lead to unsuccessful foraging. ... | 2020 | 32573866 |
| sars-cov-2 in fruit bats, ferrets, pigs, and chickens: an experimental transmission study. | in december, 2019, a novel zoonotic severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus emerged in china. the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) became pandemic within weeks and the number of human infections and severe cases is increasing. we aimed to investigate the susceptibilty of potential animal hosts and the risk of anthropozoonotic spill-over infections. | 2020 | 32838346 |
| imgt® biocuration and comparative study of the t cell receptor beta locus of veterinary species based on homo sapiens trb. | imgt®, the international immunogenetics information system® is the global reference in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics. by its creation in 1989 by marie-paule lefranc (université de montpellier and cnrs), imgt® marked the advent of immunoinformatics, which emerged at the interface between immunogenetics and bioinformatics. imgt® is specialized in the immunoglobulins (ig) or antibodies, t cell receptors (tr), major histocompatibility (mh), and proteins of the igsf and mhsf superfamilies. t c ... | 2020 | 32431713 |
| reelin immunoreactivity in the adult spinal cord: a comparative study in rodents, carnivores, and non-human primates. | reelin is a large extracellular matrix (ecm) glycoprotein secreted by several neuronal populations in a specific manner in both the developing and the adult central nervous system. the extent of reelin protein distribution and its functional role in the adult neocortex is well documented in different mammal models. however, its role in the adult spinal cord has not been well characterized and its distribution in the rodent spinal cord is fragmentary and has not been investigated in carnivores or ... | 2019 | 31969808 |
| rift valley fever virus infection causes acute encephalitis in the ferret. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a pathogen of both humans and livestock in africa and the middle east. severe human disease is associated with hepatitis and/or encephalitis. current pathogenesis studies rely on rodents and nonhuman primates, which have advantages and disadvantages. we evaluated disease progression in mustela putorius furo (the ferret) following intradermal (i.d.) or intranasal (i.n.) infection. infected ferrets developed hyperpyrexia, weight loss, lymphopenia, and hypoalbumine ... | 2020 | 33115835 |
| putative modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics enhances preference for novelty in a preliminary double-blind placebo-controlled study in ferrets. | increasing evidence suggests a causal relationship between the gut microbiome and psychiatric illnesses. in particular, autism spectrum disorder is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and alterations in the gut microbiome. administration of probiotics is a commonly used strategy by caregivers of people with neurodevelopmental illness. however, evidence for successful improvement in gut microbiome and (behavioral) symptoms has been lacking. | 2020 | 32490353 |
| maternal immune activation alters adult behavior, gut microbiome and juvenile brain oscillations in ferrets. | maternal immune activation (mia) has been identified as a causal factor in psychiatric disorders by epidemiological studies in humans and mechanistic studies in rodent models. addressing this gap in species between mice and human will accelerate the understanding of the role of mia in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. here, we provide the first study of mia in the ferret (mustela putorius furo), an animal model with a rich history of developmental investigations due to the similarities in d ... | 2019 | 30406186 |
| assessment of influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk-specific antibody responses. | animal models are essential to examine the pathogenesis and transmission of influenza viruses and for preclinical evaluation of influenza virus vaccines. among the animal models used in influenza virus research, the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) is the gold standard. as seen in humans, infection with influenza virus or immunization with an influenza virus vaccine induces humoral and cellular immunity in ferrets that provides protection against infection by an antigenically similar infl ... | 2018 | 30151588 |
| aspm knockout ferret reveals an evolutionary mechanism governing cerebral cortical size. | the human cerebral cortex is distinguished by its large size and abundant gyrification, or folding. however, the evolutionary mechanisms that drive cortical size and structure are unknown. although genes that are essential for cortical developmental expansion have been identified from the genetics of human primary microcephaly (a disorder associated with reduced brain size and intellectual disability) 1 , studies of these genes in mice, which have a smooth cortex that is one thousand times small ... | 2018 | 29643508 |
| theta oscillations organize spiking activity in higher-order visual thalamus during sustained attention. | higher-order visual thalamus plays a fundamental but poorly understood role in attention-demanding tasks. to investigate how neuronal dynamics in higher-order visual thalamus are modulated by sustained attention, we performed multichannel electrophysiological recordings in the lateral posterior-pulvinar complex (lp/pulvinar) in the ferret (mustela putorius furo). we recorded single unit activity and local field potential (lfp) during the performance of the five-choice serial reaction time task ( ... | 2019 | 29619407 |
| molecular detection of babesia spp. (apicomplexa: piroplasma) in free-ranging canids and mustelids from southern italy. | babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease caused by apicomplexan parasites with widespread geographical distribution and various wildlife species as reservoir hosts. the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and assess the role of free-ranging canids and mustelids in the maintenance of babesia spp. in southern italy. pcr analysis of splenic samples targeting the 18s rrna gene revealed the presence of babesia spp. in 36 of 82 (43.9%) red foxes (vulpes vulpes) including 29 (58%) ... | 2019 | 31555669 |
| cardiopulmonary nematodes of wild carnivores from denmark: do they serve as reservoir hosts for infections in domestic animals? | the cardiopulmonary nematodes angiostrongylus vasorum, crenosoma vulpis, capillaria aerophila and aelurostrongylus abstrusus, are a cause of concern in the scientific and veterinary community, potentially causing significant disease in domestic animals. to investigate the potential of wild carnivores as reservoir hosts to these parasites, a total of 1041 animals from seven regions of denmark were sampled: 476 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides), 367 red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 123 american mi ... | 2020 | 32884901 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in wild carnivores in north-eastern poland. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate parasitic intracellular bacterium. it is the causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis, with effects on human and animal health. in europe, the pathogen is mainly transmitted among a wide range of vertebrate hosts by blood-sucking arthropods. the aim of this study was to determine the presence of a. phagocytophilum in wild carnivores, viz raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides), badgers (meles meles), foxes (vulpes vulpes), martens (martes sp.) and eur ... | 2019 | 31590678 |
| prevalence of capillaria plica in danish wild carnivores. | capillaria plica is a parasitic nematode belonging to the family capillariidae. the adult parasites reside in the urinary tract of wild and domestic canines. the infection is most often asymptomatic, but can cause a wide range of symptoms including urinary bladder inflammation, pollacisuria, dysuria and hematuria. canines acquire the infection by ingesting the intermediate host, the earthworm (lumbricidae). epidemiological studies on c. plica infection in wildlife are few and only one previous d ... | 2018 | 30302310 |
| causes of mortality and morbidity in free-ranging mustelids in switzerland: necropsy data from over 50 years of general health surveillance. | although mustelids occur worldwide and include a wide range of species, little is known about the diseases affecting them. mustelids have regularly been submitted for post mortem investigation in the framework of the program for general wildlife health surveillance in switzerland, which has been in place for nearly 60 years. we performed a retrospective analysis of the necropsy reports on mustelids submitted to the diagnostic service of the university of bern. the aims of this study were to pres ... | 2018 | 29921290 |
| serological survey of toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia besnoiti in a wildlife conservation area in southern portugal. | toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia besnoiti are closely related apicomplexan protozoa. t. gondii is a zoonotic pathogen which may cause serious disease in man and warm-blooded animals, including wild species. b. besnoiti causes bovine besnoitiosis, an emergent disease in europe, which is linked to important production losses. unlike t. gondii, the life cycle of b. besnoiti remains a mystery, since the definitive host has not yet been identified. the aim of this work was to determine the seroprevale ... | 2016 | 31014504 |
| filarial dermatitis caused by filaria taxideae in domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) from the western united states. | filaria taxideae is a common subcutaneous filarial parasite of american badgers (taxidea taxus) that has also been reported in skunks in the western usa. dermatitis associated with this parasite has been reported in badgers and skunks; however, many individuals have no gross lesions. with the exception of a captive red panda in california, there have been no reports of f. taxidae infection in domestic or exotic/pet animals. in this case series, we document f. taxideae in domestic ferrets from ca ... | 2018 | 31014722 |
| helminths of mustelids with overlapping ecological niches: eurasian otter lutra lutra (linnaeus, 1758), american mink neovison vison schreber, 1777, and european polecat mustela putorius linnaeus, 1758. | this study presents the helminthological data on three mustelid species with overlapping ecological niches in lithuania. in general, 14 helminth species or higher taxa were reported from all mustelids: isthmiophora melis, strigea strigis metacercariae, pseudamphistomum truncatum, alaria alata mesocercariae, phyllodistomum folium, opisthorchis felineus, metametorchis skrjabini, mesocestoides sp., taenia martis, aonchotheca putorii, crenosoma schachmatovae, eucoleus aerophilus, molineus patens, an ... | 2019 | 31662675 |
| trichinella spp. in wild mesocarnivores in an endemic setting. | human trichinellosis and trichinella infection in pigs are both still endemic in the balkans, including serbia. because of the flow between the sylvatic and the domestic cycle of trichinella spp., monitoring wildlife has been recommended for the risk assessment of trichinella spp. infection in swine. we have previously shown the presence of trichinella infection in wild carnivores including the wolf and the golden jackal, and here we report on trichinella infection in several other mesocarnivore ... | 2019 | 30922087 |
| molecular identification of sarcocystis lutrae (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) in muscles of five species of the family mustelidae. | carnivores usually act as definitive hosts of sarcocystis species. however, the number of reports on sarcocyst formation in musculature of predators is on the increase. in the present study, muscle samples of 68 mustelids collected in lithuania were examined for sarcocysts of sarcocystis species. sarcocysts were detected in diaphragm, tongue and limb muscles of ten animals (14.7%) but were not discovered in the heart. based on 18s rdna, 28s rdna, cox1 and its1 sequence analysis, sarcocystis lutr ... | 2018 | 29700640 |
| oral and dental examination findings in european polecats (mustela putorius). | dental and oral diseases in the domestic ferret have been reported, but comparison with their closest wild relative, the european polecat (mustela putorius), is lacking. dental and orofacial pathology was evaluated by means of visual examination and dental radiographical analysis of 234 museum skulls. most of these (70.5%) originated from austria and the remainder came from seven other european countries. linguoverted mandibular second incisor teeth were noted in 77% of the skulls. there were 7, ... | 2020 | 32359635 |
| thelazia callipaeda in mustelids from romania with the european badger, meles meles, as a new host for this parasite. | thelazia callipaeda (spirurida, thelaziidae) is a vector-borne zoonotic eye worm with a broad host spectrum. in europe, it is an emerging threat, having greatly expanded its geographical distribution during the past two decades. in romania, t. callipaeda has been previously reported in domestic and wild canids and felids. the aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of t. callipaeda in mustelids in the country. | 2019 | 31349861 |
| role of mustelids in the life-cycle of ixodid ticks and transmission cycles of four tick-borne pathogens. | elucidating which wildlife species significantly contribute to the maintenance of ixodes ricinus populations and the enzootic cycles of the pathogens they transmit is imperative in understanding the driving forces behind the emergence of tick-borne diseases. here, we aimed to quantify the relative contribution of four mustelid species in the life-cycles of i. ricinus and borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) in forested areas and to investigate their role in the transmission of other tick-borne path ... | 2018 | 30458847 |
| visual corticocortical inputs to ferret area 18. | visual cortical areas in the adult mammalian brain are linked by a network of interareal feedforward and feedback circuits. we investigated the topography of feedback projections to ferret (mustela putorius furo) area 18 from extrastriate areas 19, 21, and ssy. our objective was to characterize the anatomical organization of the extrastriate feedback pool to area 18. we also wished to determine if feedback projections to area 18 share similar features as feedback projections to area 17. we injec ... | 2020 | 33117134 |
| cryopreservation of ferret (mustela putorius furo) sperm collected by rectal massage and electroejaculation: comparison of a decelerating and an accelerating freezing rate protocol. | the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) provides a good model for developing new reproductive technologies for use with threatened related species. such technologies could also be used in the reproductive management of this pet species. the present work reports an improved freezing protocol for ferret sperm. semen was collected by electroejaculation plus rectal massage (in an attempt to reduce the electrical stimulation necessary) from five adult male ferrets, and then subjected to one of tw ... | 2020 | 33040487 |
| the amygdaloid body of two carnivore species: the feliform banded mongoose and the caniform domestic ferret. | the current study provides an analysis of the cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and chemoarchitecture of the amygdaloid body of the banded mongoose (mungos mungo) and domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). using architectural and immunohistochemical stains, we observe that the organization of the nuclear and cortical portions of the amygdaloid complex is very similar in both species. the one major difference is the presence of a cortex-amygdala transition zone observed in the domestic ferre ... | 2020 | 33009661 |
| the diencephalon of two carnivore species: the feliform banded mongoose and the caniform domestic ferret. | this study provides an analysis of the cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and chemoarchitecture of the diencephalon (dorsal thalamus, ventral thalamus, and epithalamus) of the banded mongoose (mungos mungo) and domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). using architectural and immunohistochemical stains, we observe that the nuclear organization of the diencephalon is very similar in the two species, and similar to that reported in other carnivores, such as the domestic cat and dog. the same comp ... | 2020 | 32964417 |
| treatment and follow-up of a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) with clinical leishmaniosis caused by leishmania infantum. | leishmania infantum infection including treatment and follow up in domestic animals other than dogs and cats has not been described at this moment. this article describes the anti-leishmania treatment and follow-up of a ferret (mustela putorius furo) with leishmaniosis. a combined therapeutic protocol established for the patient, not yet approved for ferrets, was a combination of meglumine antimoniate plus allopurinol. a follow-up was established monthly during the first year in order to monitor ... | 2020 | 32862910 |
| seasonal weight changes in laboratory ferrets. | ferrets (mustela putorius furo) are a valuable animal model used in biomedical research. like many animals, ferrets undergo significant variation in body weight seasonally, affected by photoperiod, and these variations complicate the use weight as an indicator of health status. to overcome this requires a better understanding of these seasonal weight changes. we provide a normative weight data set for the female ferret accounting for seasonal changes, and also investigate the effect of fluid reg ... | 2020 | 32764762 |
| visualization of the retina in intact eyes of mice and ferrets using a tissue clearing method. | visualization of specific cells and structures in intact organs would greatly facilitate our knowledge about pathological changes; therefore, a tissue clearing method applicable to the intact eye may be valuable. here we report a novel imaging method for the retina using the hyperhydration-based tissue clearing technique cubic (clear, unobstructed brain/body imaging cocktails and computational analysis). | 2020 | 32704421 |
| gene signatures of sars-cov/sars-cov-2-infected ferret lungs in short- and long-term models. | coronaviruses (covs) consist of six strains, and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov), newly found coronavirus (sars-cov-2) has rapidly spread leading to a global outbreak. the ferret (mustela putorius furo) serves as a useful animal model for studying sars-cov/sars-cov-2 infection and developing therapeutic strategies. a holistic approach for distinguishing differences in gene signatures during disease progression is lacking. the present study discovered gene expression ... | 2020 | 32615317 |
| persistent infection and pancytopenia associated with ferret systemic coronaviral disease in a domestic ferret. | ferret systemic coronaviral disease (fscd) is a well-established cause of mortality in domestic ferrets. we describe herein novel findings in a case of fscd that was diagnosed and medically managed following virus detection by immunohistochemical (ihc) staining of surgical biopsy samples. hematologic changes in this ferret suggested spread of the virus to the bone marrow, which was confirmed by ihc staining of a postmortem sample. genotyping of the virus indicated that the virus grouped with alp ... | 2020 | 32589111 |
| biochemical effects of routine gonadectomy on blood of domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | we studied domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) to evaluate the physiologic effects of routine surgery. standard plasma biochemistry panels and 1h-nmr spectroscopy of heparinized whole blood were performed on samples taken 24 h prior to and immediately after surgery from female and male ferrets undergoing routine gonadectomy. increases in plasma glucose, phosphorus, potassium, and creatine kinase concentrations associated with the duration of surgery were identified on plasma biochemistry pa ... | 2020 | 32586412 |
| sequencing b cell receptors from ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) provides a critical animal model to study human respiratory diseases. however immunological insights are restricted due to a lack of ferret-specific reagents and limited genetic information about ferret b and t cell receptors. here, variable, diversity and joining genes within the ferret kappa, lambda and heavy chain immunoglobulin loci were annotated using available genomic information. a multiplex pcr approach was derived that facilitated the recover ... | 2020 | 32470013 |
| sequencing smart: de novo sequencing and assembly approaches for a non-model mammal. | whilst much sequencing effort has focused on key mammalian model organisms such as mouse and human, little is known about the relationship between genome sequencing techniques for non-model mammals and genome assembly quality. this is especially relevant to non-model mammals, where the samples to be sequenced are often degraded and of low quality. a key aspect when planning a genome project is the choice of sequencing data to generate. this decision is driven by several factors, including the bi ... | 2020 | 32396200 |
| mapping the architecture of ferret brains at single-cell resolution. | mapping the cytoarchitecture of the whole brain can reveal the organizational logic of neural systems. however, this remains a significant challenge, especially for gyrencephalic brains with a large volume. here we propose an integrated pipeline for generating a cytoarchitectonic atlas with single-cell resolution of the whole brain. to analyze a large-volume brain, we used a modified en-bloc nissl staining protocol to achieve uniform staining of large-scale brain specimens from ferret (mustela p ... | 2020 | 32351352 |
| cystine urolithiasis in ferrets. | urolithiasis in captive domestic ferrets has previously been predominantly struvite uroliths, although more recent laboratory submissions show a shift to predominantly cystine uroliths. genetic mutations for cystinuria have been identified in dogs, and it is suspected that underlying genetic mutations are partly responsible for this disease in ferrets. currently, surgery remains the only definitive treatment of cystine urolithiasis in ferrets, since dietary dissolution protocols have not been th ... | 2020 | 32327038 |
| paraplegia in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) secondary to metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma with myxoid differentiation. | neurologic disease is a common presentation of domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with infectious, neoplastic, and traumatic etiologies documented. adrenocortical neoplasia is also well documented in domestic ferrets, with metastatic lesions rarely described. this case report describes an abnormal presentation of adrenocortical adenocarcinoma with myxoid differentiation and subsequent metastasis to the spinal cord and vertebral bodies, resulting in hind limb paraplegia in an adult spayed f ... | 2019 | 32288686 |
| tuberculosis in a pet ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 9-month old pet ferret was presented to a veterinarian with symptoms of weight loss, apathy, and hyporexia. explorative laparotomy identified a firm mass of approximately 2 × 2 × 2 cm in size in the mesentery of the jejunum. because of the poor general condition and the unfavorable prognosis, the ferret was euthanized during surgery. the mass was resected in total and submitted to histological examination which revealed a granulomatous and necrotizing lymphadenitis. acid fast bacteria were det ... | 2020 | 32059253 |
| first draft genome of the sable, martes zibellina. | members of genus martes provide early warning signals about forest ecosystem health and are designated as a management indicator species. as one of the most widespread members in martes, the sable (martes zibellina) is a circumboreal small predator found throughout all taiga zoogeographical zones of eurasia and shows distinct population differentiation and morphological variations. to support further studies on striking local adaptation and population evolution, we present the first sable genome ... | 2020 | 32058545 |
| first report on natural infection with leishmania infantum in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) in spain. | a pet domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) with a papular lesion involving the right pinna was diagnosed with chronic pyogranulomatous dermatitis by histopathologic examination. intralesional, intracytoplasmic oval microorganisms compatible with leishmania spp. or histoplasma spp. were observed in macrophages and multinucleate giant cells. leishmania infantum (l. infantum) infection was diagnosed by pcr, culture in novy-macneal-nicolle medium, and immunohistochemistry. abnormal clinicopatholo ... | 2020 | 32057396 |
| utility of commercially available reagent test strips for estimation of blood urea nitrogen concentration and detection of azotemia in pet rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) and ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | to evaluate the utility of commercially available reagent test strips for estimation of bun concentration and detection of azotemia in pet rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) and ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | 2020 | 31999516 |
| proposed grading scheme for inflammatory bowel disease in ferrets and correlation with clinical signs. | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is an idiopathic, chronic, inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract of companion animals, including ferrets (mustela putorius furo). clinical signs of ibd are nonspecific, and intestinal biopsies are necessary for a definitive diagnosis. a grading scheme has not been established for ferrets. additionally, the association between histologic severity and clinical signs in ferrets is unknown. we evaluated enteric samples from ferrets diagnosed with ibd, co ... | 2020 | 31884894 |
| characterization of the ferret trb locus guided by v, d, j, and c gene expression analysis. | the domestic ferret, mustela putorius furo, is an important mammalian animal model to study human respiratory infection. however, insufficient genomic annotation hampers detailed studies of ferret t cell responses. in this study, we analyzed the published t cell receptor beta (trb) locus and performed high-throughput sequencing (hts) of peripheral blood of four healthy adult ferrets to identify expressed v, d, j, and c genes. the hts data is used as a guide to manually curate the expressed v, d, ... | 2020 | 31797007 |
| blastocystis sp. subtype diversity in wild carnivore species from spain. | the occurrence and molecular diversity of the stramenopile eukaryote blastocystis sp. was investigated by pcr and sequencing (sanger and ngs) methods in 380 faecal specimens of free-living carnivores in spain. blastocystis sp. was confirmed in 1.6% (6/380) of the specimens analysed. two samples from a common genet and a fox were successfully subtyped as st7 by sanger. using ngs, st14 was found in a fox and a european polecat, st7 in a fox, and two additional foxes presented mixed infections of s ... | 2020 | 31691450 |
| distribution of gabaergic neurons and vglut1 and vgat immunoreactive boutons in the ferret (mustela putorius) piriform cortex and endopiriform nucleus. comparison with visual areas 17, 18 and 19. | we studied the cellular organization of the piriform network [comprising the piriform cortex (pc) and endopiriform nucleus (ep)] of the ferret (mustela putorius)-a highly excitable region prone to seizures-and, more specifically, the distribution and morphology of different types of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba)ergic neurons, and the distribution and ratio of glutamatergic and gabaergic boutons, and we compared our findings to those in primary visual area 17, and secondary areas 18 and 19. we a ... | 2019 | 31213994 |
| clinical and serologic remission of acquired myasthenia gravis in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 4.5-year-old neutered male domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) was examined because of clinical signs compatible with neuromuscular disease. | 2019 | 31039095 |
| tick-borne pathogens in the european polecat, mustela putorius and in attached ixodes hexagonus ticks from germany. | the european polecat, mustela putorius, occurs almost throughout europe. however, there is a lack of data on the ectoparasite fauna and the potential role in the circulation of tick-borne pathogens (tbp) of this mustelid species. the aim of this study was to investigate whether m. putorius contributes to the maintenance of tbp in germany. dna samples extracted from spleen tissue of 117 m. putorius, which had been collected mainly in north-western germany from 2012 to 2015, were tested by real-ti ... | 2019 | 30773320 |
| highly efficient transgenesis in ferrets using crispr/cas9-mediated homology-independent insertion at the rosa26 locus. | the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) has proven to be a useful species for modeling human genetic and infectious diseases of the lung and brain. however, biomedical research in ferrets has been hindered by the lack of rapid and cost-effective methods for genome engineering. here, we utilized crispr/cas9-mediated, homology-independent insertion at the rosa26 "safe harbor" locus in ferret zygotes and created transgenic animals expressing a dual-fluorescent cre-reporter system flanked by phi ... | 2019 | 30760763 |
| cortical and thalamic connectivity of posterior parietal visual cortical areas ppc and ppr of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | the present study describes the ipsilateral and contralateral cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic connectivity of the parietal visual areas, posterior parietal caudal cortical area (ppc) and posterior parietal rostral cortical area (ppr), in the ferret using standard anatomical tract-tracing methods. the two divisions of posterior parietal cortex of the ferret are strongly interconnected, however area ppc shows stronger connectivity with the occipital and suprasylvian visual cortex, while area ... | 2019 | 30632607 |
| cortical and thalamic connectivity of temporal visual cortical areas 20a and 20b of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | the present study describes the ipsilateral and contralateral corticocortical and corticothalamic connectivity of the temporal visual areas 20a and 20b in the ferret using standard anatomical tract-tracing methods. the two temporal visual areas are strongly interconnected, but area 20a is primarily connected to the occipital visual areas, whereas area 20b maintains more widespread connections with the occipital, parietal and suprasylvian visual areas and the secondary auditory cortex. the callos ... | 2019 | 30632165 |
| cortical and thalamic connectivity of occipital visual cortical areas 17, 18, 19, and 21 of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | the present study describes the ipsilateral and contralateral corticocortical and corticothalamic connectivity of the occipital visual areas 17, 18, 19, and 21 in the ferret using standard anatomical tract-tracing methods. in line with previous studies of mammalian visual cortex connectivity, substantially more anterograde and retrograde label was present in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the injection site compared to the contralateral hemisphere. ipsilateral reciprocal connectivity was the stro ... | 2019 | 30632160 |
| mycobacterium genavense infection in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | mycobacterium genavense infection was diagnosed in an adult ferret with ptosis of the left eye, a proliferative lesion of the conjunctiva of the nictitating membrane, conjunctival swelling, and tumefaction of the periorbital tissues with a watery ocular discharge and the presence of a retrobulbar mass. the diagnosis was based on characteristic cytology of the retrobulbar mass and left mandibular lymph node that revealed granulomatous inflammation. ziehl-neelsen staining showed the presence of po ... | 2018 | 30502861 |
| identification of mycobacterium genavense natural infection in a domestic ferret. | a 6-y-old neutered male ferret ( mustela putorius furo) was presented because of a 1-mo history of progressive weight loss, chronic cough, and hair loss. on clinical examination, the animal was coughing, slightly depressed, moderately hypothermic, and had bilateral epiphora. thoracic radiography was suggestive of severe multinodular interstitial pneumonia. abdominal ultrasound examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and mesenteric and pancreaticoduodenal lymphadenopathy. fine-needle aspiration o ... | 2019 | 30475677 |