| a post-mortem study of respiratory disease in small mustelids in south-west england. | stoat (mustela erminea) and weasel (mustela nivalis) populations in south-west england are declining whilst polecats (mustela putorius), absent for over a century, are increasing. little is known about the health status of these species nationally. this study aimed at investigating respiratory disease in specimens found dead in south-west england. | 2016 | 27052849 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans in ferrets. | | 2014 | 24377676 |
| first findings and prevalence of adult heartworms (dirofilaria immitis) in wild carnivores from serbia. | heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) is a parasitic roundworm that causes a zoonotic disease known as dirofilariosis. little is known about the role of wild carnivores serving as reservoirs in nature. therefore, we examined 738 hearts and lungs of free ranging wild carnivores from serbia to determine the presence of adult heartworms. during the period 2009-2013, the prevalence in golden jackals (canis aureus) was 7.32%, in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) 1.55%, in wolves (canis lupus) 1.43%, and in wild ca ... | 2014 | 24951168 |
| possible role of fish and frogs as paratenic hosts of dracunculus medinensis, chad. | copepods infected with dracunculus medinensis larvae collected from infected dogs in chad were fed to 2 species of fish and tadpoles. although they readily ingested copepods, neither species of fish, nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) nor fathead minnow (pimephalis promelas), were found to harbor dracunculus larvae when examined 2-3 weeks later. tadpoles ingested copepods much more slowly; however, upon examination at the same time interval, tadpoles of green frogs (lithobates [rana] clamitans ... | 2016 | 27434418 |
| the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) as a lethal infection model for 3 species of ebolavirus. | small-animal models have been developed for several filoviridae species; however, serial adaptation was required to produce lethal infection. these adapted viruses have sequence changes in several genes, including those that modulate the host immune response. nonhuman primate models do not require adaptation of filoviruses. here, we describe lethal models of disease for bundibugyo, sudan, and zaire species of ebolavirus in the domestic ferret, using wild-type nonadapted viruses. pathologic featu ... | 2016 | 27354371 |
| endogenous lentiviral elements in the weasel family (mustelidae). | endogenous retroviruses provide molecular fossils for studying the ancient evolutionary history of retroviruses. here, we report our independent discovery and analysis of endogenous lentiviral insertions (mustelidae endogenous lentivirus [melv]) within the genomes of weasel family (mustelidae). genome-scale screening identified melv elements in the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) genome (melvmpf). melvmpf exhibits a typical lentiviral genomic organization. phylogenetic analyses position ... | 2012 | 22522310 |
| occurrence and molecular genotyping of giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in wild mesocarnivores in spain. | there is a surprisingly scarce amount of epidemiological and molecular data on the prevalence, frequency, and diversity of the intestinal protozoan parasites giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in wildlife in general and mesocarnivore species in particular. consequently, the extent of the cyst/oocyst environmental contamination attributable to these wild host species and their potential implications for public veterinary health remain largely unknown. in this molecular epidemiological su ... | 2017 | 28215875 |
| natural a(h1n1)pdm09 influenza virus infection case in a pet ferret in taiwan. | ferrets have demonstrated high susceptibility to the influenza virus. this study discusses a natural 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) (a(h1n1)pdm09) virus infection in a pet ferret (mustela putorius furo) identified in taiwan in 2013. the ferret was in close contact with family members who had recently experienced an influenza-like illness (ili). the ferret nasal swab showed positive results for influenza a virus using one-step rt-pcr. the virus was isolated and the phylogenetic analysis indicat ... | 2014 | 25597188 |
| genetic and physicochemical analyses of a novel ferret hepatitis e virus, and clinical signs of infection after birth. | a novel cluster of five ferret hepatitis e virus (hev) strains was detected from nine laboratory ferrets (mustela putorius furo) imported from a ferret farm in the u.s. our detection of ferret hev rna and anti-hev antibodies, and alanine aminotransferase (alt) value assessment indicated that all of the 9 ferrets were infected with ferret hev, and that the infection exhibited three patterns: sub-clinical infection (n=2), acute hepatitis (n=6) and persistent infection (n=1). next-generation sequen ... | 2017 | 28347753 |
| ferrets as a novel animal model for studying human respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is an important cause of severe respiratory tract disease in immunocompromised patients. animal models are indispensable for evaluating novel intervention strategies in this complex patient population. to complement existing models in rodents and non-human primates, we have evaluated the potential benefits of an hrsv infection model in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). nine- to 12-month-old hrsv-seronegative immunocompetent or immunocompromised ferrets wer ... | 2016 | 27314379 |
| evidence of disseminated infection by mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis in a pet ferret (mustela putorius furo). | the infection caused by the zoonotic opportunistic pathogen mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (mah) was reported for the first time in a pet ferret. both owners were hiv-positive. euthanasia of the pet was recommended due to medical reasons and as a preventive action. disseminated and open tuberculosis lesions were observed in the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems of the ferret. ecographic and radiographic surveys showed a severe generalized lymphadenopathy, strong thickening of the ... | 2016 | 27892873 |
| twenty years of immunocontraceptive research: lessons learned. | the national wildlife research center (nwrc) began immunocontraception vaccine research by testing porcine zona pellucida (pzp) on white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). early pzp research demonstrated that pzp induced infertility; however, increased length of the rut was observed in pzp-treated deer. an alternative vaccine using a keyhole limpet hemocyanin-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (klh-gnrh) conjugate formulated with modified freund's adjuvant was developed at nwrc. suppression of gn ... | 2013 | 24437088 |
| detection of neospora caninum in wild carnivorans in great britain. | samples of brain and other tissues were collected from 99 ferrets (mustela furo), 83 red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 70 european polecats (mustela putorius), 65 american mink (neovison vison), 64 eurasian badgers (meles meles) and 9 stoats (mustela erminea), from around great britain. dna was extracted from approximately 1g of tissue and tested by specific nested its1 pcr for neospora caninum. the results from the pcr demonstrated that neospora specific dna was detected in all species of wild carnivo ... | 2013 | 23102760 |
| investigating the role of wild carnivores in the epidemiology of bovine neosporosis. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite, primarily associated with bovine abortion. the only definitive hosts discovered to date are carnivores. this study aimed to identify the role of mammalian carnivores in the epidemiology of bovine neosporosis. a sample bank of serum, fecal and brain samples was established: american mink (mustela vison), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), pine martens (martes martes), badgers (meles meles), stoats (mustela erminea), otters (lutra lutra) and feral ferrets (mustela ... | 2013 | 23068142 |
| multidrug-resistant proteus mirabilis isolated from newly weaned infant rhesus monkeys and ferrets. | proteus mirabilis is an important uropathogen that causes complicated urinary tract infection (uti) and induces diarrhea in infants. | 2015 | 26301055 |
| gall bladder rupture associated with cholecystitis in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius). | a six-year-old neutered female albino ferret was presented with an acute episode of lethargy and anorexia. clinical examination revealed marked cranial abdominal pain. a severe neutrophilic leukocytosis was present. abdominal ultrasound was consistent with a diffuse peritonitis and severe bile duct inflammation. cytology of the abdominal effusion revealed bile peritonitis. an exploratory laparotomy was performed and the gall bladder appeared inflamed with multiple perforations. a cholecystectomy ... | 2014 | 25168742 |
| pyogranulomatous panniculitis in ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with intralesional demonstration of pseudomonas luteola. | one ferret (mustela putorius furo) from finland and two ferrets from austria, aged 1-4.5 years and of both genders, were presented with pyogranulomatous subcutaneous inflammation affecting the inguinal, preputial and femoral regions, respectively. histologically, microorganisms were detected within the lesions. the organisms had a capsule that stained positively by the periodic acid-schiff reaction. pseudomonas spp. were cultured from the lesions in two cases. in the third case, electron microsc ... | 2015 | 25728813 |
| ferrets as sentinels of the presence of pathogenic cryptococcus species in the mediterranean environment. | cryptococcus gattii is a pathogenic environmental yeast that is considered to be emerging in different areas of the world including the mediterranean basin. exposure to infection might be more likely in animals than in human beings, given their closer relationship with the natural habitat of the yeast, vegetation and soil. thus, animals, and especially pets, can act as indicators of the presence of this yeast in a determined area. domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) have become common pets ... | 2014 | 24962111 |
| neuroglobin of seals and whales: evidence for a divergent role in the diving brain. | although many physiological adaptations of diving mammals have been reported, little is known about how their brains sustain the high demands for metabolic energy and thus o(2) when submerged. a recent study revealed in the deep-diving hooded seal (cystophora cristata) a unique shift of the oxidative energy metabolism and neuroglobin, a respiratory protein that is involved in neuronal hypoxia tolerance, from neurons to astrocytes. here we have investigated neuroglobin in another pinniped species ... | 2012 | 22864183 |
| auditory nerve fibre responses in the ferret. | the ferret (mustela putorius) is a medium-sized, carnivorous mammal with good low-frequency hearing; it is relatively easy to train, and there is therefore a good body of behavioural data detailing its detection thresholds and localization abilities. however, despite extensive studies of the physiology of the central nervous system of the ferret, even extending to the prefrontal cortex, little is known of the functioning of the auditory periphery. here, we provide an insight into this peripheral ... | 2012 | 22694786 |
| detection, prevalence and phylogenetic relationships of demodex spp and further skin prostigmata mites (acari, arachnida) in wild and domestic mammals. | this study was conceived to detect skin mites in social mammals through real-time qpcr, and to estimate taxonomic demodex and further prostigmata mite relationships in different host species by comparing sequences from two genes: mitochondrial 16s rrna and nuclear 18s rrna. we determined the mite prevalence in the hair follicles of marmots (13%) and bats (17%). the high prevalence found in marmots and bats by sampling only one site on the body may indicate that mites are common inhabitants of th ... | 2016 | 27802314 |
| an atypical distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in the hooded seal (cystophora cristata) brain may reflect a biochemical adaptation to diving. | the brains of some diving mammals can withstand periods of severe hypoxia without signs of deleterious effects. this may in part be due to an enhanced cerebral capacity for anaerobic energy production. here, we have tested this hypothesis by comparing various parameters of the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) in the brain of the hooded seal (cystophora cristata) with those in the brains of the ferret (mustela putorius furo) and mouse (mus musculus). we found that mrna and protein expression of lactat ... | 2016 | 26820264 |
| comparison of the digestive efficiency of extruded diets fed to ferrets (mustela putorius furo), dogs (canis familiaris) and cats (felis catus). | the digestive tract of ferrets is anatomically simple, with no caecum, ileocolic valve or external differentiation between the transition of ileum and colon. the species has a short large intestine that provides minor contributions to the digestive process. aiming to better understand the digestibility efficiency of ferrets, the present study compared the digestibility of extruded diets with different amounts of macronutrients fed to dogs, cats and ferrets. three formulations for cat maintenance ... | 2014 | 26101601 |
| viral metagenomic analysis of feces of wild small carnivores. | recent studies have clearly demonstrated the enormous virus diversity that exists among wild animals. this exemplifies the required expansion of our knowledge of the virus diversity present in wildlife, as well as the potential transmission of these viruses to domestic animals or humans. | 2014 | 24886057 |
| diagnosis and management of pyothorax in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | to describe the diagnosis, management, and outcome of pyothorax in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | 2017 | 28485830 |
| presence of skrjabingylus petrowi (nematoda) in central europe. | examination of the nasolacrimal sinuses of pine marten (martes martes), stone marten (m. foina) and polecat (mustela putorius) from 27 localities in the czech republic were carried out. in 1 of the 23 stone martens, 6 nematodes (2 males, 4 females) were found and classified as skrjabingylus petrowi bageanov (in petrov 1941). this is the first finding of s. petrowi in central europe. the morphometry of the specimens in the present study was in agreement with that of the original description. the ... | 2004 | 15372229 |
| nasal infection of enterovirus d68 leading to lower respiratory tract pathogenesis in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | data from ev-d68-infected patients demonstrate that pathological changes in the lower respiratory tract are principally characterized by severe respiratory illness in children and acute flaccid myelitis. however, lack of a suitable animal model for ev-d68 infection has limited the study on the pathogenesis of this critical pathogen, and the development of a vaccine. ferrets have been widely used to evaluate respiratory virus infections. in the current study, we used ev-d68-infected ferrets as a ... | 2017 | 28489053 |
| transmission of mycobacterium xenopi to a pet albino ferret (mustela putorius furo) from a domestic aquarium. | a three-year-old ferret presented with a three-month history of rapid clinical deterioration necessitating euthanasia shortly after initial veterinary assessment. postmortem pcr testing confirmed mycobacterium xenopi which is most commonly identified in amphibians, reptiles and aquatic life. infection of a captive-bred domestic ferret is highly unusual. a collaborative effort involving medical doctors, clinical veterinarians and veterinary pathologists investigated the potential sources of human ... | 2017 | 28774941 |
| viraemia of polecats (putorius putorius) after infection with tick-borne encephalitis (te) virus by ticks. | | 1969 | 4389047 |
| pulse of inflammatory proteins in the pregnant uterus of european polecats (mustela putorius) leading to the time of implantation. | uterine secretory proteins protect the uterus and conceptuses against infection, facilitate implantation, control cellular damage resulting from implantation, and supply pre-implantation embryos with nutrients. unlike in humans, the early conceptus of the european polecat (mustela putorius; ferret) grows and develops free in the uterus until implanting at about 12 days after mating. we found that the proteins appearing in polecat uteri changed dramatically with time leading to implantation. seve ... | 2017 | 28405395 |
| brains of native and alien mesocarnivores in biomonitoring of toxic metals in europe. | mercury (hg), lead (pb) and cadmium (cd) are involved in mammalian brain damage. however, little is known about pb and cd brain levels in wildlife that reflect the geochemical background. the aims of the study include the estimation of hg, pb and cd concentrations, and the determination of relationships between these elements in the brains of 94 mesocarnivores. road-killed or hunted animals were obtained from north-western poland near the polish-german border. the investigation covered the nativ ... | 2016 | 27513467 |
| mercury in various tissues of three mustelid species and other trace metals in liver of european otter from eastern finland. | mercury concentrations were monitored in european otter (lutra lutra), european polecat (mustela putorius) and european pine marten (martes martes) collected in eastern finland during the period 1972-2008. otters mainly eat fish, which is an important reason to monitor the bioaccumulation of mercury in this predator. in this species, the highest concentrations were found in fur followed by liver and kidney, and the mercury concentrations increased with increasing age and body weight. males showe ... | 2014 | 23974535 |
| detection of aleutian disease antibodies in feral american mink in southern england. | fourteen of 27 american mink (mustela vison) trapped in the upper thames region were positive for anti-aleutian disease antibodies. this demonstration of the occurrence of this viral disease in a feral american mink population suggests that it could threaten populations of at least two protected mustelids, the otter (lutra lutra) and the polecat (mustela putorius), and may also play a role in the apparent decline of local mink populations in britain. | 2001 | 11700927 |
| exposure of stone marten (martes foina) and polecat (mustela putorius) to anticoagulant rodenticides: effects of regulatory restrictions of rodenticide use. | when anticoagulant rodenticides (ars) are used to control rodent populations there is also a widespread secondary exposure of non-target predators to ars. to reduce secondary exposure, regulatory restrictions in ar usage were tightened in denmark in 2011. the restrictions included the cessation of ar use for plant protection and any use away from buildings, as well as limitations in private consumers' access to ars. to quantify and evaluate the efficiency of the regulatory measures to reduce sec ... | 2017 | 28898942 |
| [population aspects of sexual dimorphism in guild of the mustelidae: mustela lutreola, neovison vison, mustela putorius, martes martes as an example]. | size sexual dimorphism was investigated on 695 skulls of four mustelidae species. by extent of increasing of differences between sexes the species are placed in following order: european pine marten (martes martes), european mink (mustela lutreola), american mink (neovison vison), and european polecat (mustela putorius). extent of the dimorphism characterizes ecological plasticity of the species and is population characteristic. it is shown that m. martes takes specific and relatively narrow eco ... | 2016 | 23662464 |
| mitochondrial phylogeography and population history of pine martens martes martes compared with polecats mustela putorius. | the flora and fauna of europe are linked by a common biogeographic history, most recently the pleistocene glaciations that restricted the range of most species to southern refugial populations. changes in population size and migration, as well as selection, have all left a signature on the genetic differentiation. thus, three paradigms of postglacial recolonization have been described, inferred from the patterns of dna differentiation. yet some species, especially wide-ranging carnivores, exhibi ... | 2001 | 11742548 |
| reproduction in the european mink, mustela lutreola: oestrous cyclicity and early pregnancy. | despite efforts undertaken to conserve the endangered european mink, its reproduction is still poorly studied. the aim was to study its reproductive cyclicity, faecal progesterone concentration and ovarian changes during early pregnancy, with the emphasis on the pre-implantation period and implantation. during the 2004 breeding season, oestrous cycle was monitored in 39 females as well as ovarian changes during early pregnancy in 22 females. during the 2007 breeding season, faecal progesterone c ... | 2009 | 18992118 |
| [water and energy metabolism in representatives of the genus martes and mustela (mammalia: mustelidae)]. | the quantities of consumed food and water, quantity and moisture content of faeces, as well as quantity and concentration of excreted urine were determined in representatives of martes--marten (m. martes) and sable (m. zibellina)--as well as in polecat (mustela putorius). under the same cage conditions and free access to food, all three species had similar energy value of the daily diet. however, the level of drinking water consumption and the ratio between the quantities of arriving water and e ... | 2016 | 12942756 |
| regional distribution of cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic and orexinergic neurons in the brain of two carnivore species: the feliform banded mongoose (mungos mungo) and the caniform domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | the nuclear organization of the cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic and orexinergic neurons in the brains of two species of carnivore, the banded mongoose (mungos mungo) and domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo), is presented. the banded mongoose belongs to the feliform suborder and the domestic ferret to the caniform suborder, having last shared a common ancestor approximately 53 million years ago; however, they have a very similar overall morphology and life history, presenting an i ... | 2017 | 28416460 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the mustela altaica (carnivora: mustelidae) based on complete mitochondrial genome. | the mountain weasel (mustela altaica) belongs to family mustelidae, which is the near threatened species in the iucn red list. in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of m. altaica was sequenced and characterized. the genome is 16,521 bases in length (genbank accession no. kc815122). the nucleotide sequence data of 12 heavy-strand protein-coding genes of m. altaica and other 20 mustelidae species were used for phylogenetic analyses. trees constructed by using bayesian inference, maximum ... | 2014 | 23795845 |
| phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among mustelids (mammalia: carnivora) based on nucleotide sequences of the nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein and mitochondrial cytochrome b genes. | phylogenetic relationships among 20 species-group taxa of mustelidae, representing mustelinae (mustela, martes, gulo), lutrinae (enhydra), and melinae (meles), were examined using nucleotide sequences of the nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (irbp) and mitochondrial cytochrome b genes. neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic analyses on these genes separately and combined were conducted. while irbp performed better than cytochrome b in recovering more-inclusive clad ... | 2003 | 12655187 |
| filaroides infections in wild ferrets (mustela putorius) and stoats (mustela erminea). | | 1996 | 16031937 |
| anal gland secretions of the stoat (mustela erminea) and the ferret (mustela putorius formafuro) : some additional thietane components. | two new thietanes,cis- andtrans-2-ethyl-3-methylthietane, have been identified in the anal gland secretion of the stoat, and 2-isopropyl thietane has been characterized from the anal gland secretion of the ferret. conflicting published data are reevaluated. | 1985 | 24310328 |
| embryo development and embryo transfer in the european mink (mustela lutreola), an endangered mustelid species. | the european mink is an endangered mustelidae species and thus requires effective conservation measures, although little is known about reproduction in this species. in particular, preimplantation development has not been studied and, therefore, embryonic development and the growth of embryos was documented in the present study for european mink using light and fluorescent microscopy. embryos develop in the oviducts and then migrate into the uterus on day 6 post coitum (p.c.) at the morula stage ... | 2006 | 16737639 |
| transfer of european mink (mustela lutreola) embryos into hybrid recipients. | the european mink is considered as a highly endangered mustelidae species. the objective of this study was to explore the intriguing possibility of embryo transfer from european mink to closely related mustelidae recipient females. to overcome interspecies pregnancy failure, embryos of european mink (mustela lutreola) were transferred into hybrid females obtained after mating of european polecat (mustela putorius) males and european mink (m. lutreola) females and vice versa. a total of 32 blasto ... | 2004 | 15226002 |
| surgical recovery and successful surgical transfer of conventionally frozen-thawed embryos in the farmed european polecat (mustela putorius). | surgical transfer of in vivo produced conventionally frozen-thawed embryos of farmed european polecat (mustela putorius) was investigated as a part of an ex-situ preservation program which has the long-term aim of developing a genome resource bank for the endangered european mink (mustela lutreola). eighteen oestrous yearling european polecat donors were mated once daily on two consecutive days using 13 fertile males. the donors were surgically flushed for embryos 8-9 days after the first mating ... | 2003 | 14519472 |
| early embryonic development and in vitro culture of in vivo produced embryos in the farmed european polecat (mustela putorius). | early embryonic development and in vitro culture of in vivo produced embryos in the farmed european polecat (mustela putorius) was investigated as a part of an ex situ conservation program of the endangered european mink (mustela lutreola), using the european polecat as a model species. the oestrus cycles of 34 yearling polecat females were monitored by visual examination of the vulval swelling and, to induce ovulation, the females were mated once daily on two consecutive days. sixteen yearling ... | 2003 | 12935873 |
| immobilization of free-ranging european mink (mustela lutreola) an polecat (mustela putorius) with medetomidine-ketamine and reversal by atipamezole. | from march 1996 to august 1999, 24 free-ranging european mink (mustela lutreola) and 25 free-ranging polecats (mustela putorius) were immobilized for clinical procedures and to place radio transmitters. data were recorded during 14 and 12 trials, respectively. animals received intramuscularly 10 mg/kg ketamine (ket) combined with 0.20 mg/kg medetomidine (med), antagonized by 1.00 mg/kg atipamezole (ati). anesthesia times were similar between species. induction was smooth and rapid (0.7-3.9 min); ... | 2003 | 12910767 |
| surgical transfer of in vivo produced farmed european polecat (mustela putorius) embryos. | surgical embryo transfer of farmed european polecat (mustela putorius) was investigated as part of an ex situ preservation project. the long-term objective of the project is to develop effective technology for ex situ conservation of the european mink (mustela lutreola), which is a highly endangered aboriginal european species. twenty european polecat females, which served as a model species for the european mink, were humanely killed 4-9 days after first mating and embryos were recovered from o ... | 2002 | 12141567 |
| hodgkin's-like lymphoma in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 7-year-old castrated male ferret developed unilateral cervical lymphadenomegaly over a 1-month period. histological examination revealed proliferation of tumor cells in a diffuse and partially nodular pattern. the tumor cells were predominantly hodgkin cells and binucleated reed-sternberg cells, characterized by abundant, clear, vacuolated cytoplasm, pleomorphic, ovoid nuclei with thick nuclear membranes and distinct nucleoli. multinucleated cells, resembling lymphocytic and histiocytic (l&h) ... | 2017 | 28804091 |
| diagnosis and treatment of esophageal foreign body or stricture in three ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | case description 3 ferrets (mustela putorius furo), aged 1 to 2 years, were referred for evaluation of a 4-day to 2-week history of gastrointestinal signs, including anorexia, regurgitation, and vomiting. clinical findings all 3 ferrets had clinical signs suggestive of dysphagia or esophagitis on initial examination. esophagoscopy, barium-contrast esophagography, or both revealed foreign bodies with mucosal inflammation in 1 patient and an esophageal foreign body with stricture in 2 patients. on ... | 2017 | 28763273 |
| molecular investigations of development and diseases of the brain of higher mammals using the ferret. | the brains of higher mammals such as primates and carnivores contain well-developed unique brain structures. uncovering the physiological functions, developmental mechanisms and evolution of these brain structures would greatly facilitate our understanding of the human brain and its diseases. although the anatomical and electrophysiological features of these brain structures have been intensively investigated, our knowledge about their molecular bases is still limited. to overcome this limitatio ... | 2017 | 28496051 |
| delineating morbillivirus entry, dissemination and airborne transmission by studying in vivo competition of multicolor canine distemper viruses in ferrets. | identification of cellular receptors and characterization of viral tropism in animal models have vastly improved our understanding of morbillivirus pathogenesis. however, specific aspects of viral entry, dissemination and transmission remain difficult to recapitulate in animal models. here, we used three virologically identical but phenotypically distinct recombinant (r) canine distemper viruses (cdv) expressing different fluorescent reporter proteins for in vivo competition and airborne transmi ... | 2017 | 28481926 |
| pneumatosis coli in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 4-year-old spayed female ferret was presented with acute diarrhea and partial anorexia. pneumatosis coli and segmental enteropathy were identified by ultrasonography and radiography. fecal culture did not identify any pathogenic bacteria. medical management of concurrent diseases and antibiotic therapy resulted in resolution of clinical signs and pneumatosis coli. | 2017 | 28373731 |
| diagnosis and management of polycythemia vera in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 5-y-old female ferret (mustela putorius furo) was evaluated for diarrhea, anorexia, and lethargy for 1 wk. only mild dehydration was detected on physical examination. cbc analysis revealed marked erythrocytosis with an unremarkable plasma biochemistry panel; follow-up cbc analyses revealed a consistent primary erythrocytosis. whole-body radiographs and abdominal ultrasonography were unremarkable except for a small nephrolith in the right kidney and a small cyst in the left kidney. the plasma e ... | 2016 | 28304249 |
| generation of monoclonal antibodies against immunoglobulin proteins of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) serves as an animal model for the study of several viruses that cause human disease, most notably influenza. despite the importance of this animal model, characterization of the immune response by flow cytometry (fcm) is severely hampered due to the limited number of commercially available reagents. to begin to address this unmet need and to facilitate more in-depth study of ferret b cells including the identification of antibody-secreting cells, eight ... | 2017 | 28286781 |
| cold exposure down-regulates immune response pathways in ferret aortic perivascular adipose tissue. | perivascular adipose tissue (pvat) surrounds blood vessels and releases paracrine factors, such as cytokines, which regulate local inflammation. the inflammatory state of pvat has an important role in vascular disease; a pro-inflammatory state has been related with atherosclerosis development, whereas an anti-inflammatory one is protective. cold exposure beneficially affects immune responses and, could thus impact the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. in this study, we investigated the ef ... | 2017 | 28251235 |
| invasive histiocytic sarcoma of the lumbar spine in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | this report describes the history, clinical examination and histopathology of a histiocytic sarcoma in a domestic ferret. clinical signs were acute paraplegia and dysuria. physical examination revealed a firm, smooth, touch-sensitive mass in and around the lumbar vertebral column. neurologic examination was consistent with a lesion between spinal cord segments t3 and l3. magnetic resonance images revealed bone lesions of l2 and l3 combined with compression of the spinal cord due to a homogenous, ... | 2017 | 28160308 |
| neoplastic diseases in the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) in italy: classification and tissue distribution of 856 cases (2000-2010). | the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and tissue distribution of neoplasms in italian ferrets, compared to the epidemiological data previously reported in usa and japan. | 2016 | 27919252 |
| ferret oncology: diseases, diagnostics, and therapeutics. | neoplastic disease is common in ferrets. approximately half of all tumors diagnosed in ferrets are located in the endocrine or hemolymphatic system. many factors may influence the choice of treatment. medical management of adrenal tumors has a greater disease-free period compared to adrenalectomy. in ferrets with an insulinoma, no difference is seen in the mean survival time of medically and surgically treated patients. aside from medical and surgical treatment modalities, chemotherapy and radia ... | 2017 | 27890288 |
| oral and dental diseases in a population of domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | domestic ferrets have been used for many purposes, but recently their popularity as companion animals has increased greatly. however, data on their oral and dental diseases are rare. the objective of this study was therefore to describe oral and dental diseases in a population of client-owned domestic ferrets. | 2016 | 27604062 |
| clinical, cytological, histological and immunohistochemical features of cutaneous mast cell tumours in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | cutaneous mast cell tumours (cmcts) are one of the most common cutaneous tumours in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). however, limited information is available regarding cytological and histological features of these tumours and studies evaluating kit expression are lacking in this species. the aims of this prospective study were to describe the most common clinical, cytological and histological features of cmcts in ferrets and to compare the usefulness of different staining techniques in the dia ... | 2016 | 27578524 |
| imaging diagnosis-radiography and ultrasonography of bilateral congenital ureterovesical junction stenosis causing hydronephrosis and hydroureter in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | an 8-month-old neutered male ferret was presented for vaccination and preventive treatment for adrenal gland disease. abdominal ultrasound revealed severe bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter. excretory urography and negative contrast cystography showed bilateral ureterovesical junction stenosis. positive retrograde cystography demonstrated right ureteral reflux. a subcutaneous ureteral bypass was placed in the left kidney; however, it had to be removed 3 months later due to an obstruction a ... | 2017 | 27490371 |
| lachrymal gland basal cell adenocarcinoma in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 1 cm diameter mass was detected in the caudal superotemporal area of the left eye of a 6-year-old neutered male ferret (mustela putorius furo). the mass and the left eye were removed surgically. microscopical examination revealed a tumour of the adnexal gland of the eye that had invaded the surrounding ocular muscle. the tumour was composed of basal-type epithelial cells arranged in a solid, or occasionally tubular, pattern. immunohistochemically, the tumour cells expressed cytokeratin and p63 ... | 2017 | 27388784 |
| comparison of digital rectal and microchip transponder thermometry in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | body temperature is a common physiologic parameter measured in both clinical and research settings, with rectal thermometry being implied as the 'gold standard.' however, rectal thermometry usually requires physical or chemical restraint, potentially causing falsely elevated readings due to animal stress. a less stressful method may eliminate this confounding variable. the current study compared 2 types of digital rectal thermometers-a calibrated digital thermometer and a common digital thermome ... | 2016 | 27177569 |
| polyostotic lymphoma in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | an 8.5-year-old, neutered female ferret (mustela putorius furo) was presented with tachypnoea, polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia and depression. radiographs revealed multiple osteolytic lesions of the bone, characterized cytologically by the infiltration of medium- to large-sized lymphocytes. the animal was humanely destroyed and post-mortem examination revealed multifocal masses obliterating the bone marrow of the mandible, right and left humeri and femur, and consisting of an infiltrative populat ... | 2016 | 27147110 |
| collateral circulation in ferrets (mustela putorius) during temporary occlusion of the caudal vena cava. | objective to determine whether extent of collateral circulation would change during temporary occlusion of the caudal vena cava (cvc) in ferrets (mustela putorius), a pressure change would occur caudal to the occlusion, and differences would exist between the sexes with respect to those changes. animals 8 adult ferrets (4 castrated males and 4 spayed females). procedures ferrets were anesthetized. a balloon occlusion catheter was introduced through a jugular vein, passed into the cvc by use of f ... | 2016 | 27111022 |
| histology and immunohistochemistry of severe inflammatory bowel disease versus lymphoma in the ferret (mustela putorius furo). | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a common disorder of ferrets (mustela putorius furo) that may progress to lymphoma. although routine histology is used to distinguish between these diseases, misclassifications may occur. immunohistochemistry (ihc) is commonly used to distinguish between ibd and lymphoma in small animals. the objective of our study was to determine the agreement in the diagnosis reached solely using hematoxylin and eosin (he)-stained, full-thickness sections versus using a com ... | 2016 | 27026106 |
| histological and immunohistochemical features of histiocytic sarcoma in four domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | four cases of histiocytic sarcoma in domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) are described in the present study. tumor samples obtained from the abdominal viscera, including the spleen, were submitted for histologic examination. microscopically, poorly demarcated masses contained numerous round- to pleomorphic-shaped cells with coarsely vacuolated and eosinophilic cytoplasm. bizarre, binucleated tumor cells and multinucleated giant tumor cells with low phagocytic activity were commonly observed ... | 2016 | 26965237 |
| oral malignant melanoma in a ferret ( mustela putorius furo). | oral malignant melanomas are one of the most common oral malignant neoplasms in dogs but are rare in other domesticated species. this case report describes the clinical manifestations and histological appearance of oral melanoma in a ferret ( mustela putorius furo). to the authors' knowledge, this is the first published description of a clinical case and histopathological findings of oral melanoma in this species. | 2016 | 28326981 |
| systemic coronaviral disease in 5 ferrets. | the prevalence of reported systemic coronaviral disease in ferrets (mustela putorius furo), which resembles the dry form of feline infectious peritonitis, has been increasing in the literature since its initial diagnosis and characterization approximately 10 y ago. here we describe the clinical signs, pathologic findings, and diagnosis by immunohistochemistry using an fipv3-70 monoclonal antibody of systemic coronaviral disease in 5 ferrets, 2 of which were strictly laboratory-housed; the remain ... | 2015 | 26678368 |
| increasing spontaneous retinal activity before eye opening accelerates the development of geniculate receptive fields. | visually evoked activity is necessary for the normal development of the visual system. however, little is known about the capacity for patterned spontaneous activity to drive the maturation of receptive fields before visual experience. retinal waves provide instructive retinotopic information for the anatomical organization of the visual thalamus. to determine whether retinal waves also drive the maturation of functional responses, we increased the frequency of retinal waves pharmacologically in ... | 2015 | 26511250 |
| structural and functional connectivity between the lateral posterior-pulvinar complex and primary visual cortex in the ferret. | the role of higher-order thalamic structures in sensory processing remains poorly understood. here, we used the ferret (mustela putorius furo) as a novel model species for the study of the lateral posterior (lp)-pulvinar complex and its structural and functional connectivity with area 17 [primary visual cortex (v1)]. we found reciprocal anatomical connections between the lateral part of the lp nucleus of the lp-pulvinar complex (lpl) and v1. in order to investigate the role of this feedback loop ... | 2016 | 26505737 |
| flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | gastrointestinal disease is a common complaint in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). their relatively simple and short gastrointestinal tract makes them good candidates for flexible endoscopy. however, apart from a few references in biomedical research articles, there is little information on the use of flexible endoscopy in ferrets. this review describes patient preparation, equipment, and select gastrointestinal endoscopy techniques in ferrets, including esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, duodenoscopy, ... | 2015 | 26335999 |
| cervical chordoma in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) with pulmonary metastasis. | a 4-year-old, male neutered domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) was evaluated for a mass in the left cervical region. the owner elected humane euthanasia, and an autopsy was performed, revealing a neoplasm with infiltration into the left cranial articular fovea of the atlas and cervical vertebrae, with regional compression of the spinal cord. histologic evaluation was consistent with cervical chordoma. at autopsy, a left cranial lung lobe nodule was observed. additional sectioning and histol ... | 2015 | 26330397 |
| first case of systemic coronavirus infection in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) in peru. | a domestic ferret from lima, peru, died after ten days of non-specific clinical signs. based on pathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis, ferret systemic coronavirus (frscv)-associated disease was diagnosed for the first time in south america. this report highlights the potential spread of pathogens by the international pet trade. | 2015 | 26301572 |
| hematology of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | pet ferrets are presented to veterinary clinics for routine care and treatment of clinical diseases and female reproductive problems. in addition to obtaining clinical history, additional diagnostic testing may be required, including hematological assessments. this article describes common blood collection methods, including venipuncture sites, volume of blood that can be safely collected, and handling of the blood. hematological parameters for normal ferrets are provided along with a descriptio ... | 2015 | 26297407 |
| transient diabetes mellitus in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 3.5-year-old spayed female ferret, fed a diet high in refined sugar, was referred for lethargy, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed. treatment included insulin therapy and a low carbohydrate diet. diabetes mellitus resolved 54 d later, and insulin therapy was discontinued. there has been no recurrence of the diabetes mellitus. | 2015 | 26130836 |
| is the ferret a suitable species for studying perinatal brain injury? | complications of prematurity often disrupt normal brain development and/or cause direct damage to the developing brain, resulting in poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. physiologically relevant animal models of perinatal brain injury can advance our understanding of these influences and thereby provide opportunities to develop therapies and improve long-term outcomes. while there are advantages to currently available small animal models, there are also significant drawbacks that have limited trans ... | 2015 | 26102988 |
| male prevalent enhancement of leftward asymmetric development of the cerebellar cortex in ferrets (mustela putorius). | the present study was conducted in mri-based volumetry to characterize the sexual dimorphism of the cerebellum in young adult ferrets. high spatial resolution 3d anatomical mri at 7-tesla were acquired ex vivo from fixed cerebella of 90-day-old male and female ferrets. the 3d morphology and topology of cerebellar structures were reproduced well by volume-rendered images obtained from mri. volume of the whole cerebellum was significantly larger in males than in females. the cerebellar cortex was ... | 2015 | 26102223 |
| crossmodal integration improves sensory detection thresholds in the ferret. | during the last two decades ferrets (mustela putorius) have been established as a highly efficient animal model in different fields in neuroscience. here we asked whether ferrets integrate sensory information according to the same principles established for other species. since only few methods and protocols are available for behaving ferrets we developed a head-free, body-restrained approach allowing a standardized stimulation position and the utilization of the ferret's natural response behavi ... | 2015 | 25970327 |
| s-phase duration is the main target of cell cycle regulation in neural progenitors of developing ferret neocortex. | the evolutionary expansion of the neocortex primarily reflects increases in abundance and proliferative capacity of cortical progenitors and in the length of the neurogenic period during development. cell cycle parameters of neocortical progenitors are an important determinant of cortical development. the ferret (mustela putorius furo), a gyrencephalic mammal, has gained increasing importance as a model for studying corticogenesis. here, we have studied the abundance, proliferation, and cell cyc ... | 2016 | 25963823 |
| pyogranulomatous panophthalmitis with systemic coronavirus disease in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 15-month-old spayed female ferret (mustela putorius furo) presented for lethargy and weight loss of 2 weeks duration. upon physical examination, a 2-mm-diameter focal area of opacity was noted in the left cornea. in addition, the ferret was quiet, in poor body condition, and dehydrated. a complete blood count and plasma biochemistry revealed a severe nonregenerative anemia, azotemia, hyperproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and mild hyperphosphatemia and hyperchloremia. urinalysis revealed hyposthen ... | 2016 | 25918975 |
| [the first report of a disseminated idiopathic myofasciitis in a ferret (mustela putorius furo) from germany]. | a 1.5 year old neutered male pet ferret (mustela putorius furo) was presented with a sudden onset of severe weakness. the ferret was kept with three healthy mates, was vaccinated against distemper regularly and was never ill before presentation. clinically, the ferret was depressed, had a hyperthermia of 40.3 degrees c, tachypnea and ocular as well as nasal discharge. blood work revealed a mild neutropenia, blood chemistry a hyperglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hy ... | 2015 | 25876287 |
| cortico-cortical connectivity within ferret auditory cortex. | despite numerous studies of auditory cortical processing in the ferret (mustela putorius), very little is known about the connections between the different regions of the auditory cortex that have been characterized cytoarchitectonically and physiologically. we examined the distribution of retrograde and anterograde labeling after injecting tracers into one or more regions of ferret auditory cortex. injections of different tracers at frequency-matched locations in the core areas, the primary aud ... | 2015 | 25845831 |
| awake vs. anesthetized: layer-specific sensory processing in visual cortex and functional connectivity between cortical areas. | during general anesthesia, global brain activity and behavioral state are profoundly altered. yet it remains mostly unknown how anesthetics alter sensory processing across cortical layers and modulate functional cortico-cortical connectivity. to address this gap in knowledge of the micro- and mesoscale effects of anesthetics on sensory processing in the cortical microcircuit, we recorded multiunit activity and local field potential in awake and anesthetized ferrets (mustela putoris furo) during ... | 2015 | 25833839 |
| constant rate infusion of glucagon as an emergency treatment for hypoglycemia in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 3-year-old female domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) with an insulinoma was treated because of a hypoglycemic crisis prior to scheduled pancreatectomy with concurrent nodulectomy. | 2015 | 25632820 |
| testicular leiomyosarcoma and marked alopecia in a cryptorchid ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 3.5-year-old male ferret, bought as male castrated, was presented to the veterinarian with marked alopecia of back, neck, abdomen and tail, a pronounced sexual behaviour and weight loss. an inguinal mass of about 2.5 cm in diameter was diagnosed as potentially tumorous inguinal testicle by ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration. adrenal glands and prostate were ultrasonographically unremarkable. the surgically removed cryptorchid testicle contained a greyish tumour that was histologically compo ... | 2014 | 25423575 |
| hematology of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | pet ferrets are presented to veterinary clinics for routine care and treatment of clinical diseases and female reproductive problems. in addition to obtaining clinical history, additional diagnostic testing may be required, including hematological assessments. this article describes common blood collection methods, including venipuncture sites, volume of blood that can be safely collected, and handling of the blood. hematological parameters for normal ferrets are provided along with a descriptio ... | 2015 | 25421021 |
| the draft genome sequence of the ferret (mustela putorius furo) facilitates study of human respiratory disease. | the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) is an important animal model for multiple human respiratory diseases. it is considered the 'gold standard' for modeling human influenza virus infection and transmission. here we describe the 2.41 gb draft genome assembly of the domestic ferret, constituting 2.28 gb of sequence plus gaps. we annotated 19,910 protein-coding genes on this assembly using rna-seq data from 21 ferret tissues. we characterized the ferret host response to two influenza virus i ... | 2014 | 25402615 |
| comparison of a human portable glucometer and an automated chemistry analyzer for measurement of blood glucose concentration in pet ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | this study compared blood glucose concentrations measured with a portable blood glucometer and a validated laboratory analyzer in venous blood samples of 20 pet ferrets (mustela putorius furo). correlation and agreement were evaluated with a bland-altman plot method and lin's concordance correlation coefficient. blood glucose concentrations measured with the laboratory analyzer and the glucometer ranged from 1.9 to 8.6 mmol/l and from 0.9 to 9.2 mmol/l, respectively. the glucometer had a poor ag ... | 2014 | 25183894 |
| ferret nutrition. | the domestic ferret (mustela putorious furo) is a strict carnivore, also referred to as an obligate carnivore. its dentition and gastrointestinal tract are adapted to a carnivorous diet. its ancestor, the european polecat (mustela putorius), feeds on birds and other small vertebrates. domesticated ferrets have been fed mink feeds, cat foods, and now mostly subsist on commercial ferret diets formulated specifically to meet their needs. | 2014 | 25155665 |
| suspected primary hypoparathyroidism in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 4-year-old castrated male domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) was examined because of a 3-week history of intermittent seizures, signs of depression, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia. | 2014 | 25075826 |
| molecular investigations of the brain of higher mammals using gyrencephalic carnivore ferrets. | the brains of mammals such as carnivores and primates contain developed structures not found in the brains of mice. uncovering the physiological importance, developmental mechanisms and evolution of these structures using carnivores and primates would greatly contribute to our understanding of the human brain and its diseases. although the anatomical and physiological properties of the brains of carnivores and primates have been intensively examined, molecular investigations are still limited. r ... | 2014 | 24983876 |
| focal thoracolumbar spinal cord lymphosarcoma in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 6-year-old, castrated male domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo) was euthanized following progressive hind limb paresis and atonia of the bladder of 1-year duration. neurological evaluation localized the lesion to the thoracolumbar spinal region, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a focal intramedullary spinal cord lesion. histopathology revealed an extensive, unencapsulated, poorly demarcated mass within the thoracolumbar spinal cord, diagnosed as lymphosarcoma. | 2014 | 24982519 |
| anaesthetic effects in the ferret of alfaxalone alone and in combination with medetomidine or tramadol: a pilot study. | alfaxalone is a neurosteroid with anaesthetic effects and it has been used successfully in several animal species. however, there are no data, to our knowledge, about its efficacy and safety in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). we evaluated a variety of anaesthetic regimens in ferrets, namely, alfaxalone at 20, 10 and 5 mg/kg (n = 1, 10 and 9, respectively; intravenously); medetomidine at 20 µg/kg (n = 3; intramuscularly); medetomidine (20 µg/kg, intramuscularly) plus alfaxalone (2.5 mg/kg, intra ... | 2014 | 24939905 |
| tetralogy of fallot in a 6-year-old albino ferret (mustela putorius furo). | tetralogy of fallot associated with bidirectional shunting across a large ventricular septal defect, was found in a 6-year-old ferret. the prognosis associated with tetralogy of fallot is usually poor. this case is interesting given the advanced age of the ferret. the bidirectional shunting, responsible for an acyanotic disease, may explain the unexpected prolonged survival in this ferret. | 2014 | 24790231 |
| fecal microbiota and antibiotic resistance in ferrets (mustela putorius furo) from two captive breeding facilities in italy. | the microbiota of the intestinal tract plays important roles in the overall health, productivity and well-being of the animals. we have characterized the intestinal microbiota of the ferret because its human cohabitation may increase the possibility of new zoonosis. the presence of anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria has been evaluated in fresh fecal specimens of 40 ferrets in apparently good health. the bacteria most frequently isolated were clostridium acetobutylicum (25/40 samples, 62.5%; ... | 2014 | 24709054 |
| rapid spectrotemporal plasticity in primary auditory cortex during behavior. | complex natural and environmental sounds, such as speech and music, convey information along both spectral and temporal dimensions. the cortical representation of such stimuli rapidly adapts when animals become actively engaged in discriminating them. in this study, we examine the nature of these changes using simplified spectrotemporal versions (upward vs downward shifting tone sequences) with domestic ferrets (mustela putorius). cortical processing rapidly adapted to enhance the contrast betwe ... | 2014 | 24647959 |
| mycobacteriosis in a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 4-year-old spayed female ferret presented with a 2-month history of anorexia, vomiting and occasional diarrhea. abdominal ultrasonography revealed thickening of the gastric wall and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes. biopsy samples from the thickened gastric wall, enlarged abdominal lymph nodes and liver were taken during an exploratory laparotomy. based on the histopathological examination, mycobacterium infection was diagnosed. the bacterial species could not be identified by additional diagnos ... | 2014 | 24419874 |