| karyotype of canine soft tissue sarcomas: a multi-colour, multi-species approach to canine chromosome painting. | many canine tumour types represent useful models for tumours also found in humans. studies of chromosomal abnormalities in canine tumours have been impeded by the complexity of the canine karyotype (2n = 78), which has made accurate identification of rearranged chromosomes difficult and laborious. to overcome this difficulty we have developed a seven-colour paint system for canine chromosomes, with six sets of chromosome paints covering all chromosomes except y. several pairs of canine autosomes ... | 2004 | 15702421 |
| severe and fatal central nervous system disease in humans caused by baylisascaris procyonis, the common roundworm of raccoons: a review of current literature. | baylisascaris procyonis, a parasitic infection of raccoons, causes severe neurologic disease in humans when infective eggs from raccoon feces are ingested. definitive diagnosis is challenging, but can be made by isolation of larvae in brain biopsy or exclusion of other potential causes of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. prevention efforts are critical due to the lack of effective treatment. | 2005 | 15715975 |
| predictive spatial dynamics and strategic planning for raccoon rabies emergence in ohio. | rabies is an important public health concern in north america because of recent epidemics of a rabies virus variant associated with raccoons. the costs associated with surveillance, diagnostic testing, and post-exposure treatment of humans exposed to rabies have fostered coordinated efforts to control rabies spread by distributing an oral rabies vaccine to wild raccoons. authorities have tried to contain westward expansion of the epidemic front of raccoon-associated rabies via a vaccine corridor ... | 2005 | 15737065 |
| oral vaccination of wildlife against rabies: opportunities and challenges in prevention and control. | rabies is an acute, progressive, fatal encephalitis caused by viruses in the family rhabdoviridae, genus lyssavirus. rabies virus is the representative member of the group. warm-blooded vertebrates are susceptible to experimental infection, but major primary hosts for disease perpetuation encompass bats and mammalian carnivores. the dog is the global reservoir, and important wild carnivores include foxes, raccoons, skunks, and mongoose, among others. traditionally, reliance upon long-term, wides ... | 2004 | 15742629 |
| archival study of a finnish isolate from the 1988/89 rabies outbreak. | an archival brain sample from an infected dog taken during the 1988/89 rabies outbreak in finland was investigated to confirm that it was infected with classical rabies virus (genotype 1). the first 400 base pairs of the virus nucleoprotein gene were then sequenced and used to undertake a phylogenetic comparison between this isolate and a panel of rabies virus sequences from the baltic region. the finnish dog isolate was identical to a virus isolated from a raccoon-dog also recorded during the 1 ... | 2005 | 15789260 |
| persistence of elevated rabies prevention costs following post-epizootic declines in rates of rabies among raccoons (procyon lotor). | determining the benefits to cost relationships among different approaches to rabies control and prevention has been hindered by the inherent temporal variability in the dynamics of disease among wildlife reservoir hosts and a tangible and objective measure of the cost of rabies prevention. a major and unavoidable component of rabies prevention programs involves diagnostic testing of animals and the subsequent initiation of appropriate public health responses. the unit cost per negative and posit ... | 2005 | 15820116 |
| epizootiologic investigations of parvovirus infections in free-ranging carnivores from germany. | to assess if wild carnivores in germany play a role in the epizootiology of canine parvovirus (cpv) infection, seroprevalences against cpv in free-ranging carnivores (n=1,496) from selected urban and rural areas were compared. antibodies against cpv were found in sera from red foxes (vulpes vulpes; 136 of 1,442; 9%), raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonides; two of 33; 6%), stone martens (martes foina; four of 13; 31%), and pine martens (martes martes; one of two) using the hemagglutination-inhibit ... | 2005 | 15827228 |
| survey of raccoons on key largo, florida, usa, for baylisascaris procyonis. | numbers of the endangered key largo woodrat (klwr; neotoma floridana smalli) have been declining for at least 25 yr. the raccoon (procyon lotor) roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, has been found to have an adverse effect on the survival of alleghany woodrats (n. magister). high densities of raccoons can exacerbate this problem by increasing the amount of feces containing viable eggs of b. procyonis available to woodrats. in 2002, 64 fecal samples were collected and examined for eggs of b. procy ... | 2005 | 15827232 |
| genetic characterization of rabies virus isolates in korea. | in investigation of the genetic characteristics of rabies viruses in korea, the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (n) gene were determined in four korean rabies virus strains obtained from dogs and raccoons, and were compared with published sequences for non-korean rabies viruses. three korean rabies virus isolates had identical nucleotide sequences, and the fourth differed at only one nucleotide position. the korean virus isolates had 84.5-92.0% nucleotide sequenc ... | 2005 | 15830152 |
| the development of a spatially explicit model to estimate radiocaesium body burdens in raccoons (procyon lotor) for ecological risk assessment. | a spatially explicit model of raccoon (procyon lotor) distribution for the u.s. department of energy's (doe) savannah river site (srs) in west-central south carolina was developed using data from a raccoon radio-telemetry study and visualized within a geographic information system (gis). an inductive approach was employed to develop three sub-models using the ecological requirements of raccoons studied in the following habitats: (1) man-made reservoirs, (2) bottomland hardwood/riverine systems, ... | 2005 | 15833238 |
| the proto-oncogene c-kit maps to canid b-chromosomes. | plant and animal karyotypes sometimes contain variable elements, that are referred to as additional or b-chromosomes. it is generally believed that b-chromosomes lack major genes and represent parasitic and selfish elements of a genome. here we report, for the first time, the localization of a gene to b-chromosomes of mammals: red fox (vulpes vulpes) and two subspecies of raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). identification of the proto-oncogene c-kit on b-chromosomes of two canidae species th ... | 2005 | 15861301 |
| serologic evidence of exposure of wild mammals to flaviviruses in the central and eastern united states. | serosurveys were conducted to obtain flavivirus and west nile virus (wnv) seroprevalence data from mammals. sera from 513 small- and medium-sized mammals collected during late summer and fall 2003 from colorado, louisiana, new york, ohio, and pennsylvania were screened for flavivirus-specific antibodies. sera samples containing antibody to flaviviruses were screened for wnv-specific antibodies by epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and confirmed with plaque reduction neutralizati ... | 2005 | 15891139 |
| molecular epizootiology of rabies associated with terrestrial carnivores in mexico. | epizootiological patterns of rabies are described, using antigenic and genetic analysis of samples obtained from infected domestic and wild mammals in 20 mexican states during 1976-2002. two independent origins are suggested for rabies in mexican carnivores. one group shares ancestry with canine rabies, while the other group appears to share a common origin with bat rabies in north america. more than 12 sublineages were found in rabid dog populations, suggesting at least six major spatio-tempora ... | 2005 | 15896399 |
| status of oral rabies vaccination in wild carnivores in the united states. | persistence of multiple variants of rabies virus in wild chiroptera and carnivora presents a continuing challenge to medical, veterinary and wildlife management professionals. oral rabies vaccination (orv) targeting specific carnivora species has emerged as an integral adjunct to conventional rabies control strategies to protect humans and domestic animals. orv has been applied with progress toward eliminating rabies in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in western europe and southern ontario, canada. mo ... | 2005 | 15896404 |
| seasonal changes in serum leptin of the feral raccoon (procyon lotor) determined by canine-leptin-specific elisa. | several reports have been published on blood leptin concentrations in feral animals, including members of the carnivora, using a commercially available multi-species radioimmunoassay (ria) kit with anti-human leptin antibody. however, we observed weak immunoreactivity between recombinant canine leptin and anti-human leptin antibody, suggesting a limitation in the applicability of the ria kit for leptin assays in carnivora species. we tested the applicability of ria and sandwich enzyme-linked imm ... | 2005 | 15945076 |
| isolation and cloning of the raccoon (procyon lotor) papillomavirus type 1 by using degenerate papillomavirus-specific primers. | partial sequences of a novel papillomavirus were amplified from a cutaneous lesion biopsy of a raccoon (procyon lotor), by using pcr with degenerate papillomavirus-specific primers. the procyon lotor papillomavirus type 1 (plpv-1) dna was amplified with long template pcr in two overlapping fragments, together encompassing the entire genome, and the complete plpv-1 genomic sequence was determined. the plpv-1 genome consists of 8170 bp, and contains the typical papillomaviral open reading frames, ... | 2005 | 15958682 |
| sarcoptic mange in free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in japan. | sarcoptes scabiei infestation was diagnosed in three freshly dead free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in kanagawa prefecture, japan. the dogs presented with an alopecic pruritic skin disease, with signs of alopecia on the ears, muzzle, around the eyes, elbow, thigh and the neck, and hyperpigmented and crusted skin lesions, which had a severe malodour. skin scrapings revealed the presence of the mite sarcoptes scabiei. histopathology of lesions demonstrated marked acanthosis, hyp ... | 2005 | 15960631 |
| evidence to support horses as natural intermediate hosts for sarcocystis neurona. | opossums (didelphis spp.) are the definitive host for the protozoan parasite sarcocystis neurona, the causative agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (epm). opossums shed sporocysts in feces that can be ingested by true intermediate hosts (cats, raccoons, skunks, armadillos and sea otters). horses acquire the parasite by ingestion of feed or water contaminated by opossum feces. however, horses have been classified as aberrant intermediate hosts because the terminal asexual sarcocyst stage ... | 2005 | 15970386 |
| prevalence of antibodies to trypanosoma cruzi in raccoons (procyon lotor) from an urban area of northern virginia. | raccoons (procyon lotor) are reservoir hosts for trypanosoma cruzi. a 3-yr-long serological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibodies to this zoonotic parasite in raccoons collected from fairfax county, virginia, a suburban/urban area outside washington, d.c. serum samples from 464 raccoons were examined for t. cruzi antibodies at a 1:40 dilution with an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and brazil strain t. cruzi amastigotes and trypomastigotes as antigen. a positiv ... | 2005 | 15986630 |
| trematodes in snails near raccoon latrines suggest a final host role for this mammal in california salt marshes. | of the 18 trematode species that use the horn snail, cerithidea californica, as a first intermediate host, 6 have the potential to use raccoons as a final host. the presence of raccoon latrines in carpinteria salt marsh, california, allowed us to investigate associations between raccoons and trematodes in snails. two trematode species, probolocoryphe uca and stictodora hancocki, occurred at higher prevalences in snails near raccoon latrines than in snails away from latrines, suggesting that racc ... | 2005 | 15986632 |
| [two genotypes of canine coronavirus simultaneously detected in the fecal samples of healthy foxes and raccoon dogs]. | 61 fecal samples from healthy foxes and 24 from healthy raccoon dogs were examined by rt-nested pcr assays for the presence and genotypic identification of canine coronaviruses (ccvs). 77.0% fox samples were recognized as ccv positive, 43 of which belonged to type ii and 29 to type i, as well as both genotypes were simultaneously detected in 25 samples. out of the total 24 fecal samples from raccoon dogs, 22 were ccv positive for type ii and 16 for type i. m gene fragments of 8 samples were sequ ... | 2005 | 15989282 |
| microvasculature of the retina, ciliary processes and choroid in the north american raccoon (procyon lotor) eye: a scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts. | we have studied the vasculature of the retina, ciliary processes and choroid in the north american raccoon (procyon lotor), a nocturnal mammal, using light and scanning electron microscopic examination of corrosion casts. we carried out an identical study in the crab-eating macaque (macaca fascicularis), which forages only during the daytime, in order to compare the ocular vasculature with that of nocturnal mammals. our observations in raccoons demonstrated a photoreceptor layer associated with ... | 2005 | 15997180 |
| male pseudohermaphroditism in a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procynoides). | a wild raccoon dog (nyctereutes procynoides) which died due to a traffic accident on 18 october 2001, and was determined to be 4.5 years old, was examined. visual appearance of the external genitalia in this animal showed to be female with a large penis-like clitoris protruding from the vulvar juncture. visual examination of the internal genitalia revealed that the animal possessed both testes and uterus. histological appearance of the removed gonads showed only sertoli cells but no spermatogene ... | 2005 | 15997188 |
| differentiating dracunculus medinensis from d. insignis, by the sequence analysis of the 18s rrna gene. | this study, undertaken as a component of the global dracunculiasis eradication program (dep), was designed to provide molecular tools to distinguish dracunculus medinensis, the nematode causing human dracunculiasis, from other tissue-dwelling nematodes, including other dracunculus species that infect humans and other animals. dna was extracted from d. medinensis and from a closely related species that infects north american carnivores, d. insignis, so that the genes coding for the small-subunit ... | 2005 | 16004710 |
| epidemiological characteristics of rabies in south korea from 1993 to 2001. | in the nine years from 1993 to 2001, 210 cases of rabies were recorded in domestic animals in south korea; 115 cattle, 94 dogs and one farmed deer were affected. the annual incidence of rabies cases increased to a peak of 64 in 1998, and then decreased to about 30 cases per year. the cases were confined to the northern part of kyounggi and kangwon provinces. one hundred and forty-six cases (69.5 per cent) occurred in kyounggi and 64 cases (30.5 per cent) in kangwon province, and about 82 per cen ... | 2005 | 16006642 |
| detection of ehrlichia spp. in raccoons (procyon lotor) from georgia. | raccoons (procyonis lotor) and opossums (didelphis virginianus) acquired from six contiguous counties in the piedmont physiographic region of georgia were investigated for their potential role in the epidemiology of ehrlichial and anaplasmal species. serum was tested by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) assay for the presence of antibodies reactive to ehrlichia chaffeensis, e. canis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum (hga agent). nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was used to test whole ... | 2005 | 16011433 |
| molecular epidemiology of rabies virus isolates from south korea. | a molecular epidemiological study was performed on 13 korean virus isolates, which were collected from wild and domestic animals diagnosed as rabid between 1998 and 2004. seven samples were from domestic animals such as dogs and cattle infected by rabid raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis), and the rest of the six samples were from raccoon dogs in the wild. the study was carried out based on the comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of nucleoprotein (n) and glycoprotein ... | 2005 | 16051390 |
| ticks (acari: ixodida) on wild carnivores in brazil. | the present study reports field data of ticks infesting wild carnivores captured from july 1998 to september 2004 in brazil. additional data were obtained from one tick collection and from previous published data of ticks on carnivores in brazil. during field work, a total of 3437 ticks were collected from 89 cerdocyon thous (crab-eating fox), 58 chrysocyon brachyurus (maned wolf), 30 puma concolor (puma), 26 panthera onca (jaguar), 12 procyon cancrivorus (crab-eating raccoon), 4 speothos venati ... | 2005 | 16082932 |
| thermoregulatory adaptations of the overwintering captive raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) in boreal climate. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is a nocturnal canid thought to utilise passive wintering strategy in the boreal climate. to record the deep body temperature (t(b)), 12 farmed raccoon dogs were implanted with intra-abdominal t(b) loggers on november 26, 2003. between december 3, 2003 and january 27, 2004 half of the animals were fasted for 8 weeks. the amplitude of the diurnal t(b) oscillations increased due to fasting. however, the mean diurnal t(b) was lower in the fasted animals on ... | 2005 | 16106408 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in raccoons (procyon lotor) from an urban area of northern virginia. | raccoons (procyon lotor) are intermediate hosts for toxoplasma gondii, and clinical toxoplasmosis in raccoons has been reported. a 2-yr serological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii in raccoons collected from fairfax county, virginia, a suburban/urban area outside washington, d.c. serum samples from 256 raccoons were examined for t. gondii antibodies at a 1:50 dilution using the modified direct agglutination test. results indicated that 216 (84.4%) of th ... | 2005 | 16108570 |
| fatal baylisascaris larva migrans in a colony of japanese macaques kept by a safari-style zoo in japan. | a colony of japanese macaques (macaca fuscata fuscata) kept by a safari-style zoo in japan experienced 9 sporadic cases of fatal neurological diseases, such as epilepsy and posterior paralysis, during the 12 yr from 1989 to 2001. this macaque colony consisted of approximately 30 animals, on average, during this period, and the macaques shared their living space with ii american black bears (ursus americanus) harboring zoonotic roundworms (baylisascaris transfuga). close to this enclosure, a cote ... | 2005 | 16108577 |
| a canine x chromosome painting probe applied to four canid species: close relationship of a heterochromatic-like sequence between the dog and the blue fox. | microdissection of chromosomes is an invaluable tool to physically isolate single chromosomes, chromosome-arms or chromosome-bands and, subsequently generate painting probes with which numerical or structural aberrations of chromosomes can be studied. in addition, such painting probes can be used to compare karyotypic relationships among mammalian species. for the present study a canine whole x chromosome painting probe was prepared by means of conventional microdissection and degenerate-oligonu ... | 2005 | 16130457 |
| molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms. | massive numbers of palm civets were culled to remove sources for the reemergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in guangdong province, china, in january 2004, following sars coronavirus detection in market animals. the virus was identified in all 91 palm civets and 15 raccoon dogs of animal market origin sampled prior to culling, but not in 1,107 palm civets later sampled at 25 farms, spread over 12 provinces, which were claimed to be the source of traded animals. twenty-seven novel ... | 2005 | 16140765 |
| babesia microti-like parasites detected in feral raccoons (procyon lotor) captured in hokkaido, japan. | raccoons (procyon lotor), which have recently become feral in japan, were examined for the presence of babesia microti-like parasites. out of 372 raccoons captured in the west-central part of hokkaido, 24 animals with splenomegaly were selected and tested by nested pcr targeting the babesial 18s rrna gene. b. microti-like parasites were detected in two of the 24 individuals, and their dna sequences were identical to that of the b. microti-like parasite reported from raccoons in the united states ... | 2005 | 16141672 |
| assessing the role of long-distance translocation and spatial heterogeneity in the raccoon rabies epidemic in connecticut. | spatial heterogeneity and long-distance translocation (ldt) play important roles in the spatio-temporal dynamics and management of emerging infectious diseases and invasive species. we assessed the influence of ldt events on the invasive spread of raccoon rabies through connecticut. we identified several putative ldt events, and developed a network-model to evaluate whether they became new foci for epidemic spread. ldt was fairly common, but many of the ldts were isolated events that did not spr ... | 2005 | 16153724 |
| pcdds, pcdfs, and coplanar pcbs in wild terrestrial mammals from japan: congener specific accumulation and hepatic sequestration. | the present study determined the contamination levels and congener-specific accumulation features of dioxins and related compounds (drcs) in wild terrestrial mammals such as large japanese field mice (ljfm), lesser japanese moles (ljms), and raccoon dogs (rds) collected from kanto region in japan during 2001. the toxic equivalent quantity (teq) levels in the carcasses or adipose tissues were in the order of rds > or = ljms > ljfm. comparison of drc congener profiles in the three species and prin ... | 2006 | 16159690 |
| adaptations of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) to wintering--effects of restricted feeding or periodic fasting on lipids, sex steroids and reproduction. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is an omnivorous canid with autumnal hyperphagia and fattening followed by mid-winter passivity and fasting in boreal latitudes with seasonal snow cover. the effects of two different feeding levels (400 or 200 kcal/animal/d) or fasting (5-week fasting+1-week feeding+3-week fasting) on plasma lipids, sex steroids and reproductive success of farm-bred raccoon dogs (n=60 females and 24 males) were studied in winter. the body masses, body mass indices (bmis ... | 2005 | 16161013 |
| the epidemiology of animal trichinellosis in china. | the epidemiology of animal trichinellosis in china based mainly upon original chinese literature published between 1937 and 2004 is reviewed. the seroprevalence of trichinella infection in herbivores was 0.7% (2/300) in cattle and 0.8% (4/500) in sheep. the prevalence of trichinellosis in naturally infected cattle was 1.2% (2/163). trichinella larvae were detected in 1.4% (3/215) of sheep and in 2.1% (1/47) of beef cattle sold at markets. canine trichinellosis was recorded in 13 provinces, auton ... | 2007 | 16162414 |
| biology and epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii in man and animals. | toxoplasma gondii is a coccidian parasite which utilizes felids as definitive hosts, and which has an unusually wide intermediate host range. the parasite was initially described by nicolle and manceaux in 1908 from the rodent, ctenodactylus gundi. infection with t. gondii is one of the most common parasitic infections of man and other warm-blooded animals. it has been found worldwide from alaska to australia. nearly one-third of humanity has been exposed to this parasite; serologic surveys indi ... | 2005 | 16164008 |
| serologic evidence of west nile virus infection in free-ranging mammals, slidell, louisiana, 2002. | after an outbreak of west nile virus (wnv) infections in slidell, louisiana, in 2002, we detected neutralizing antibodies to wnv in 13 of 120 mammals, representing five of six species sampled. seroprevalence was measured in opossum, didelphis virginiana (75%, n = 8), raccoons, procyon lotor (60%, n = 5), black rats, rattus rattus (6%, n = 36), hispid cotton rats, sigmodon hispidus (4%, n = 24), and eastern gray squirrels, sciurus carolinensis (2%, n = 43). | 2005 | 16187899 |
| rabies virus infection in a pet guinea pig and seven pet rabbits. | raccoon-variant rabies was confirmed in 7 pet rabbits and 1 pet guinea pig in new york state, and postexposure treatment was required in several adults and children. to prevent rabies virus infection, domestic rabbits and pet rodents should be protected from contact with wild animals, including double-cage housing when housed outside. pet rabbits or rodents with any possible contact with a wild animal, particularly if the rabbit or rodent had wounds of unknown origin, should be quarantined for 6 ... | 2005 | 16190592 |
| molecular epidemiological study of arctic rabies virus isolates from greenland and comparison with isolates from throughout the arctic and baltic regions. | we report a molecular epidemiological study of rabies in arctic countries by comparing a panel of novel greenland isolates to a larger cohort of viral sequences from both arctic and baltic regions. rabies virus isolates originating from wildlife (arctic/red foxes, raccoon-dogs and reindeer), from domestic animals (dogs/cats) and from two human cases were investigated. the resulting 400 bp n-gene sequences were compared with isolates representing neighbouring arctic or baltic countries from north ... | 2006 | 16198016 |
| reproductive potential of echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes, dogs, raccoon dogs and cats. | a total of 15 red foxes, 15 raccoon dogs, 15 domestic dogs and 15 domestic cats were each infected with 20,000 protoscolices of echinococcus multilocularis. at 35, 63, and 90 days post inoculation (dpi), five animals from each group were necropsied and the worm burdens determined. the highest worm burdens in foxes (mean of 16,792) and raccoon dogs (mean of 7930) were found at 35 dpi. these declined to a mean of just 331 worms in foxes and 3213 worms in raccoon dogs by day 63 with a further decli ... | 2006 | 16199043 |
| a molecular epidemiological analysis of the incursion of the raccoon strain of rabies virus into canada. | three physically separate incursions of the raccoon strain of rabies have entered canada, two into eastern ontario in 1999 and one into new brunswick in 2000. the course of these epizootics is described. phylogenetic analysis of the index cases from these two provinces with raccoon rabies viruses representative of this strain in the united states supported the independence of these incursions into canada via cross-border transmission from the united states. genetic characterization of 190 isolat ... | 2006 | 16207385 |
| a molecular phylogeny of the canidae based on six nuclear loci. | we have reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of 23 species in the dog family, canidae, using dna sequence data from six nuclear loci. individual gene trees were generated with maximum parsimony (mp) and maximum likelihood (ml) analysis. in general, these individual gene trees were not well resolved, but several identical groupings were supported by more than one locus. phylogenetic analysis with a data set combining the six nuclear loci using mp, ml, and bayesian approaches produced a mo ... | 2005 | 16213754 |
| baylisascariasis. | the raccoon roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, is the most common and widespread cause of clinical larva migrans in animals. in addition, it is increasingly recognized as a cause of devastating or fatal neural larva migrans in infants and young children and ocular larva migrans in adults. humans become infected by accidentally ingesting infective b. procyonis eggs from raccoon latrines or articles contaminated with their feces. two features distinguish b. procyonis from other helminthes that ca ... | 2005 | 16223954 |
| [detection of sars-coronavirus in both human and animals by rt-pcr]. | to find the most suitable rt-pcr detection method for sars-coronavirus (sars-cov) detection in both human and animals, and to study the source of sars virus by investigating the condition of virus carried by wild, domestic animals and animals sold in market. | 2005 | 16229261 |
| a serological and fecal parasitologic survey of the critically endangered pygmy raccoon (procyon pygmaeus). | the pygmy raccoon (procyon pygmaeus) of cozumel island, mexico, is among the most endangered carnivores in the world, and causes of its decline are unclear. during 2002 and 2003, we sampled approximately 10% of the remaining population to survey exposure to viral and parasitic pathogens that may have contributed to population decline. we found evidence of exposure to infectious canine hepatitis, canine distemper, feline panleukopenia virus, and toxoplasma gondii. the latter is suggestive of spil ... | 2005 | 16244074 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) from feral cats on a dairy farm with map-infected cattle. | paratuberculosis is an economically important disease of dairy cattle caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). the role of nonruminant, nondomestic animals in the epidemiology of paratuberculosis in cattle is unclear. to examine nonruminant, nondomestic animals for the presence of map, 25 feral cats, nine mice (species unknown), eight rabbits (sylvilagus floridanus), six raccoons (procyon lotor), and three opossums (didelphis virginiana) were collected from a mid-western dair ... | 2005 | 16244077 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from free-ranging birds and mammals on livestock premises. | surveys for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in free-ranging mammals and birds were conducted on nine dairy and beef cattle farms in wisconsin and georgia. specimens were collected from 774 animals representing 25 mammalian and 22 avian species. specimens of ileum, liver, intestinal lymph nodes, and feces were harvested from the larger mammals; a liver specimen and the gastrointestinal tract were harvested from birds and small mammals. cultures were performed by using radiom ... | 2005 | 16269731 |
| second passage of sheep scrapie and transmissible mink encephalopathy (tme) agents in raccoons (procyon lotor). | to determine the transmissibility and pathogenicity of sheep scrapie and transmissible mink encephalopathy (tme) agents derived from raccoons (first passage), raccoon kits were inoculated intracerebrally with either tme (one source) or scrapie (two sources-each in separate groups of raccoons). two uninoculated raccoon kits served as controls. all animals in the tme-inoculated group developed clinical signs of neurologic dysfunction and were euthanatized between postinoculation month (pim) 6 and ... | 2005 | 16301585 |
| identification and characterization of tandem repeats in exon iii of dopamine receptor d4 (drd4) genes from different mammalian species. | in this study we have identified and characterized dopamine receptor d4 (drd4) exon iii tandem repeats in 33 public available nucleotide sequences from different mammalian species. we found that the tandem repeat in canids could be described in a novel and simple way, namely, as a structure composed of 15- and 12- bp modules. tandem repeats composed of 18-bp modules were found in sequences from the horse, zebra, onager, and donkey, asiatic bear, polar bear, common raccoon, dolphin, harbor porpoi ... | 2005 | 16332176 |
| [epidemiology of rabies virus and other lyssaviruses]. | rabies is a zoonosis that infects domestic and wild animals through close contacts with saliva from infected animals. the annual number of deaths worldwide caused by rabies is estimated approximately 55,000 by world health organization (who). there has been no indigenous rabies case in japan since 1957; however, there was only one imported case, a traveler who was bitten by a stray dog in nepal and died in 1970. dogs in asia and africa remain the main reservoir and transmitter of rabies to human ... | 2005 | 16363690 |
| rabies surveillance in the united states during 2004. | during 2004, 49 states and puerto rico reported 6,836 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 8 cases in human beings to the cdc, representing a 4.6% decrease from the 7,170 cases in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings reported in 2003. approximately 92% of the cases were in wildlife, and 8% were in domestic animals (compared with 91% and 9%, respectively, in 2003). relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 2,564 raccoons (37.5%), 1,856 skunks (27.1%), 1,361 bat ... | 2005 | 16379626 |
| recovery of the everted cystacanth of seven acanthocephalan species of birds from feral raccoons (procyon lotor) in japan. | acanthocephalan everted cystacanths were detected in the intestines of 61 out of 555 feral raccoons (procyon lotor) trapped between may 2003 and april 2005 in the western region of mainland japan (honshu). all collected specimens were identified as the species of birds including 3 centrorhynchus species (c. bazaleticus, c. elongatus, and c. teres), sphaerirostris lanceoides, plagiorhynchus ogatai, porrorchis oti, and southwelina hispida. three species, c. bazaleticus, c. teres, and s. lanceoides ... | 2005 | 16397377 |
| liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for direct identification and quantification of iophenoxic acid in serum. | a liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric technique was developed for direct quantitation of iophenoxic acid (ia) in serum. ia was spiked into canine, feline, bovine, equine, and porcine sera, extracted, and quantified using negative ion monitoring following chromatographic separation on a luna c18(2) 3 microm (100 mm x 2.1mm) reversed-phase column. the limit of detection was 25 ng/ml and the limit of quantification was 50 ng/ml. inter- and intra-assay accuracy (86-113% ... | 2006 | 16412709 |
| a new species of gnathostoma (nematoda: gnathostomatidae) in procyon lotor hernandezii from mexico. | gnathostoma lamothei n. sp., inhabiting the stomach of procyon lotor hernandezii wagler, 1831, in tlacotalpan, veracruz state, and rio sapo, oaxaca, mexico, is described. this new species differs from all other congeners by having the posterior half of the body surface covered by rows of tiny round bosses instead of spines, or lacking ornamentations. sequences of the its2 of the ribosomal dna of g. lamothei n. sp. are compared with sequences of other species of the genus recorded in mexico; they ... | 2005 | 16419762 |
| comparative development of echinococcus multilocularis in its definitive hosts. | the comparative development of echinococcus multilocularis was studied in its definitive hosts, the fox, dog, cat and raccoon dog, beyond the pre-patent period to 90 days post-infection. all host species, apart from cats were susceptible to infection and capable of supporting substantial worm burdens. although worms in cats matured and produced thick-shelled eggs, their overall development was retarded compared to that in other species in which the parasite matured rapidly producing large popula ... | 2006 | 16420728 |
| detection of canine coronaviruses genotype i and ii in raised canidae animals in china. | an rt-npcr assay was used for testing fecal samples of dogs, foxes, raccoon dogs and minks for the presence of canine coronavirus (ccv). the animals were raised in homes, dog schools or farms. seventy out of 81 healthy dog feces from three cities and 21 out of 48 diarrhea feces from pet dogs were positive for type ii ccv. from a total of 61 healthy fox feces, 43 were positive for type ii and 29 for type i ccv, out of which 25 were simultaneously positive for the two different genotypes. among 24 ... | 2006 | 16450706 |
| serologic survey of select infectious diseases in coyotes and raccoons in nebraska. | to obtain data about select zoonotic and other infectious diseases in free-ranging predators in five ecoregions in nebraska, sera were collected from 67 coyotes (canis latrans) and 63 raccoons (procyon lotor) from november 2002 through january 2003. for coyotes, antibodies were detected against canine distemper virus (cdv, 61%), francisella tularensis (32%), rickettsia rickettsi (13%), and flaviviruses (48%). none of the coyote sera had antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi, brucella canis, or six ... | 2005 | 16456169 |
| clinical sarcocystis neurona, sarcocystis canis, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum infections in dogs. | sarcocystis neurona, sarcocystis canis, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum are related apicomplexans that can cause systemic illness in many species of animals, including dogs. we investigated one breeder's 25 basset hounds for these infections. in addition, tissues from dogs and other non-canine hosts previously reported as s. canis infections were studied retrospectively. schizonts resembling those of s. neurona, and recognized by polyclonal rabbit anti-s. neurona antibodies, were found i ... | 2006 | 16458431 |
| use of natural and provided shade by free-ranging rhesus monkeys on raccoon key, florida: management considerations. | | 1993 | 16468691 |
| rabies postexposure prophylaxis, new york, 1995-2000. | the epidemiology of human rabies postexposure prophylaxis (pep) in 4 upstate new york counties was described from data obtained from 2,216 incidences of pep recorded by local health departments from 1995 to 2000. overall annual incidence for the study period was 27 cases per 100,000 persons. mean annual pep incidence rates were highest in rural counties and during the summer months. pep incidence was highest among patients 5-9 and 30-34 years of age. bites accounted for most pep (51%) and were p ... | 2005 | 16485480 |
| the prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in some ontario mammals. | a survey of serum samples from mammals trapped in central ontario showed that many contained antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. the prevalence of infection as reflected by positive reactions in the sabin-feldman dye test appeared to be related to the type of diet of each species examined, and specifically, to the proportion of rodents in the diet. of the fox blood samples tested, 84% were positive. the percentage of positive samples diminished through, coyote, mink, bear, fisher skunk, raccoon, ma ... | 1976 | 16498870 |
| epizootiology of an outbreak of cerebrospinal nematodiasis in cottontail rabbits and woodchucks. | an epizootic of cerebrospinal nematodiasis in cottontail rabbits (sylvilagus floridanus) and woodchucks (marmota monax) caused by baylisascaris procyonis larvae followed the establishment of an ascarid-infected raccoon (procyon lotor) population in a woodlot. five of seven raccoons examined from the woodlot harbored ascarids, with one heavily infected animal shedding approximately 27,500 eggs per gram of feces. a laboratory-reared cottontail rabbit developed neurologic disease due to larval migr ... | 1976 | 16498877 |
| prevalence of bordetella bronchiseptica in certain central iowa. | bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from 6 of 13 short-tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) and 1 of 47 house sparrows (passer domesticus) trapped in the vicinity of a swine bordetella rhinitis experimental area. the organism was found in four of 50 foxes (vulpes fulva), 2 of 36 opossums (didelphis marsupialis) and 1 of 37 raccoons (procyon lotor) trapped in the ames, iowa area. this bacterium was not culturally isolated from 14 deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), 64 house mice (mus musculus), ... | 1976 | 16502690 |
| detection and ecology of leptospirosis in iowa wildlife. | to gain additional information on the extent of leptospirosis in wildlife following a human outbreak in iowa, wild mammals and lower forms of life were collected. isolation, darkfield microscopic, serologic and pathologic procedures were used to identify past or present evidence of leptospiral infection. leptospires were isolated from 7 of 75 (9%) mammals. serotype grippotyphosa was isolated from three raccoons (procyon lotor) and one western harvest mouse (reithrodontomys megalotis). serotype b ... | 1970 | 16512128 |
| the susceptibility of five species of wild animals to experimental infection with leptospira grippotyphosa. | five species of wild animals including opossums, didelphis marsupialis, striped skunks, mephitis mephitis, red, vulpes vulpes, and gray foxes, urocyon cinereoargenteus and raccoons, procyon lotor, were inoculated intraperitoneally with varying numbers of leptospira grippotyphosa, organisms. clinical signs were not detected, however, leptospiremia, leptospiruria and antibodies for the homologous organism, were demonstrated. lesions attributed to leptospirosis were observed in liver and kidney tis ... | 1970 | 16512129 |
| the raccoon an emerging rabies host. | the geographic distribution of enzootic rabies in raccoons is currently limited to florida and georgia. the enzootic area has steadily expanded northward into georgia during the 1960's. an epizootic in a population of raccoons closely associated with the human residents of a small, off-shore island was investigated. forty-seven raccoons from the island were confirmed rabies positive by the state laboratory from january 22 to may 20, 1969. about 10 percent of the raccoons trapped during the peak ... | 1970 | 16512166 |
| epidemiological investigations on trichinella infections in farmed fur animals of estonia. | farming of fur animals represents an important income in estonia. even though trichinella worms does not induce a symptomatic disease in carnivores, the carcasses of skinned animals can increase the biomass of the parasite in the environment, if they are not properly destroyed. the aim of the present survey was to study the prevalence of trichinella worms in farmed fur animals of estonia. of 281 muscle samples from blue foxes (alopex lagopus), silver foxes (vulpes vulpes fulva), minks (mustela v ... | 2006 | 16564631 |
| subgenotype analysis of cryptosporidium parvum isolates from humans and animals in japan using the 60-kda glycoprotein gene sequences. | cryptosporidium parvum is a well-known intestinal parasite which is associated with severe acute diarrhea in humans and animals. this parasite is composed of morphologically identical but genetically different multiple genotypes. in humans, cryptosporidiosis is mainly caused by two c. parvum genotypes, human genotype (previously known as genotype 1 and recently proposed as new species c. hominis) and cattle genotype (previously known as genotype 2). however, recent molecular studies indicate the ... | 2006 | 16565816 |
| morphological integration in the carnivoran skull. | the correlated evolution of traits may be a principal factor in morphological evolution, but it is typically studied in genetic or developmental systems. most studies examining phenotypic trait correlations, through analysis of morphological integration, consider only few taxa, with limited ability to test hypotheses of the influence of trait integration on morphological variation and diversity. the few comparative studies in less inclusive groups have yielded varying relationships of integratio ... | 2006 | 16568641 |
| safety and efficacy of the oral rabies vaccine sag2 in raccoon dogs. | oral vaccination programmes in several rabies-infected countries from northern and eastern europe should not be restricted to foxes but should target raccoon dogs as well. the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of rabigen sag2 bait was evaluated in raccoon dogs. safety of sag2 was demonstrated after direct instillation (n = 5) or ingestion of a bait (n = 5) using a quantity of virus at least 10 times superior to the field dose. all animals seroconverted and remained healthy. raccoon dogs were v ... | 2006 | 16603277 |
| identification and characterization of the threadworm, strongyloides procyonis, from feral raccoons (procyon lotor) in japan. | strongyloides procyonis little, 1966 was detected about 45 years ago in raccoons (procyon lotor) of southern louisiana, u.s.a., and was demonstrated experimentally to cause creeping eruption and a short-lived intestinal infection in a healthy human volunteer. after its description and demonstration of its pathogenicity in humans, s. procyonis has not been found in raccoons in north america despite repeated surveys. during a survey on feral raccoons in japan, s. procyonis parasitic females were i ... | 2006 | 16629317 |
| rabies, an emerging disease in korea. | since the first rabies case was reported in a dog in 1907, the disease was enzootic up to 1975 in korea. after a steady decrease in the number of rabies cases from 1976 to 1984, no case was reported for 8 years from 1985 to 1992. then, a resurgence of the disease was noted in 1993, and a continuous increase of rabies cases was observed during the following years. this report provides information on rabies in south korea during the reemerging period 1993-2003. a total of 364 rabies cases in five ... | 2006 | 16629721 |
| gastrointestinal helminths of feral raccoons (procyon lotor) in wakayama prefecture, japan. | the population and distribution of feral raccoons (procyon lotor) are expanding in japan after escape or release from animal-owners. wakayama prefecture is one of the most typically devastated areas by this exotic carnivore, particularly in the last five years after a latent distribution for more than ten years. official control measures of feral raccoons commenced in the summer of 2002 by several municipalities, and 531 animals collected in 12 municipalities between may 2003 and april 2005 were ... | 2006 | 16679720 |
| raccoon roundworm. | | 2006 | 16682706 |
| seasonal changes in immunolocalization of inhibin/activin subunits and testicular activity in wild male raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). | thirty-four pairs of testes from wild adult raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) were obtained between september 2000 and may 2003. the cellular localization of the inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin (betaa and betab) subunits in wild raccoon dog testes was investigated. the testicular weight and size and seminiferous tubule diameters were measured. there were marked seasonal variations in testicular weight and size and seminiferous tubule diameters, with values relatively low in september and ... | 2006 | 16702758 |
| raccoons and skunks as sentinels for enzootic tularemia. | we analyzed sera from diverse mammals of martha's vineyard, massachusetts, for evidence of francisella tularensis exposure. skunks and raccoons were frequently seroreactive, whereas white-footed mice, cottontail rabbits, deer, rats, and dogs were not. tularemia surveillance may be facilitated by focusing on skunks and raccoons. | 2006 | 16707067 |
| endemic infections of parastrongylus (=angiostrongylus) costaricensis in two species of nonhuman primates, raccoons, and an opossum from miami, florida. | parastrongylus (=angiostrongylus) costaricensis was first reported in the united states from cotton rats, sigmodon hispidus, in texas in 1979. here, we report the findings of p. costaricensis in a siamang (hylobates syndactylus) from the miami metrozoo, in 2 ma's night monkeys (aotus nancymaae) from the dumond conservancy located at monkey jungle in miami, in 4 raccoons (procyon lotor) trapped near the metrozoo, and in an opossum (didelphis virginiana) trapped at the metrozoo. these records are ... | 2006 | 16729706 |
| a comparative lm and sem study of the structure of the mucosal glands of the gallbladder in two species of canids: the dog and the chinese raccoon dog. | the studies were performed on the mucosa of the body of the gallbladder in the dog and chinese raccoon dog, species belonging to the canidae family. the mucosal glands in both species mostly have the form of alveolar or short tubular secretory units without excretory ducts and are situated in the middle part at the bottom of the crypts surrounded by folds of the mucosa. sporadically we observed the mucous intraepithelial glands. the results of the light and scanning electron microscopic observat ... | 2006 | 16773596 |
| central nervous system and eye manifestations of infection with baylisascaris procyonis. | baylisascaris procyonis, a parasitic infection of raccoons, causes severe neurologic and ocular disease in humans when infectious eggs from raccoon feces are ingested. in the absence of a serologic test, definitive diagnosis is challenging but can be made by isolation of larvae in brain biopsy, direct visualization of the worm in the eye, or exclusion of other potential causes of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. currently, no effective treatment has been identified, making preventive efforts cr ... | 2006 | 16822375 |
| persistent organochlorines in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) from japan: hepatic sequestration of oxychlordane. | the present study determined the accumulation features of persistent organochlorines (ocs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (ddts), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (hchs), hexachlorobenzene (hcb), and chlordane compounds (chls) in wild raccoon dogs (rds; nyctereutes procyonoides) collected from kanagawa prefecture in japan during 2001. in livers of rds, chls were remarkably dominant (20 times higher than pcbs) followed by pcbs>ddts>hchs> ... | 2007 | 16839592 |
| molecular characterization of a babesia species identified in a north american raccoon. | piroplasmosis was first described in raccoons (procyon lotor) in 1926, and the official description of a small piroplasm as babesia lotori was done in 1981. babesia microti-like gene sequences have been characterized in raccoons in both north american and japan. it is well documented that the microscopic appearance of piroplasms does not always accurately predict the genotype and phylogenetic classification. discrepancies using phenotype to predict genotype have been reported most frequently whe ... | 2006 | 16870860 |
| rabies in europe--trends and developments. | rabies continues to be a major public health concern both in europe and worldwide. in the greater part of the european continent the disease has been eradicated, or its incidence drastically reduced, by oral vaccination of wildlife reservoirs. yet, 'hot spots' still remain in north-eastern and south-eastern europe with a high temporal variation of disease distribution in the previous decade. rabies is predominantly transmitted by the red fox; but in recent years, especially in eastern european c ... | 2006 | 16878461 |
| the diversity of rabies virus in russia demonstrated by anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibody application and limited gene sequencing. | a comparative analysis of anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibody (n-mab) reaction profiles and dna sequences was performed on 97 selected rabies virus (rabv) isolates from russia and neighbouring states. a panel of 73 n-mab from the wistar institute (philadelphia, pa, usa), veterinary laboratories agency (weybridge, uk) and p-41 (tübingen, germany) was used. the sequence of a 400 bp fragment of the n gene was generated for all available isolates and a phylogenetic analysis of the fragment was car ... | 2006 | 16878463 |
| first oral vaccination of wildlife against rabies in estonia. | estonia is a small country, with many islands, that covers a total area of 45,000 km2 in the baltic region. rabies is widely distributed all over the country, even on some islands. the disease is maintained by two species: red foxes and raccoon dogs. in 2003, 813 cases of rabies were recorded with 315 cases in foxes and 362 cases in raccoon dogs; since 2002 the latter species has had the highest level of rabies infection among all animal species in estonia. the measure used to control rabies is ... | 2006 | 16878472 |
| cross reactive antigenicity in orally vaccinated foxes and raccoon dogs against european bat lyssavirus type 1 and 2. | for the first time, the effectiveness of oral rabies vaccines against european bat lyssaviruses type 1 (eblv-1) and type 2 (eblv-2) by means of cross-neutralization assays was investigated. sera from orally vaccinated red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) with the street alabama dufferin (sad) b19 and sad p5/88 live-modified vaccine viruses were used to study the cross reactive antigenicity against cvs-11 (genotype 1), eblv-1 (genotype 5) and eblv-2 (genotype 6). ... | 2006 | 16878477 |
| ecology and epidemiology of echinococcus multilocularis in europe. | human alveolar echinococcosis (ae), caused by the larval stage of echinococcus multilocularis has a high mortality rate in untreated patients. the life-cycle of e. multilocularis in europe predominantly involves foxes as definitive hosts. however, experimental studies demonstrated a comparable biotic potential of e. multilocularis in dogs and raccoon dogs but an insignificant potential in cats. ae occurs in central and eastern europe at low incidence rates. recent studies in foxes have shown tha ... | 2006 | 16881392 |
| raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides)--the new host of echinococcus multilocularis in poland. | the alimentary canals of 9 species of domesticated or wild animals were examined for the presence of e. multilocularis. the tapeworm was found in 9 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) out of 155 examined (5.8%) and in 2 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) of 25 examined (8.0%). our studies proved that in poland the raccoon dog can also be infected with e. multilocularis. | 2002 | 16883704 |
| prevalence of agglutinating antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in striped skunks (mephitis mephitis), opossums (didelphis virginiana), and raccoons (procyon lotor) from connecticut. | the prevalence of agglutinating antibodies to toxoplasma gondii was examined in striped skunks (mephitis mephitis), opossums (didelphis virginiana), and raccoons (procyon lotor) from 8 cities in connecticut. ten (42%) of the 24 striped skunks, 2 of 7 (29%) opossums, and 12 of 12 (100%) raccoons were positive at dilutions of 1:50 or greater. these results suggest that t. gondii is prevalent in the environment, or prey items, or both, of these omnivores in connecticut. | 2006 | 16884022 |
| paragonimus westermani and some rare intestinal trematodes recovered from raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) introduced recently on yakushima island, japan. | helminth parasites were collected from 9 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) and 2 japanese weasels (mustela itatsi sho) on yakushima island, japan. the former carnivore was introduced to this world natural heritage area presumably within the last two decades, expanding its population thence, although detailed process(es) of the introduction is unknown. the collected trematodes from raccoon dogs included the triploid form of paragonimus westermani, brachylaima tokudai, maritrema e ... | 2006 | 16891780 |
| juvenile bird acanthocephalans recovered incidentally from raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) on yakushima island, japan. | helminth parasites were collected from 14 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) and 2 japanese weasels (mustela itatsi sho) on yakushima island, kagoshima prefecture (kyushu), japan. in addition to trematodes and nematodes reported separately, everted cystacanths of 3 bird acanthocephalans (mediorhynchus robustus in 5 animals, porrorchis leibyi in 2 animals, and sphaerirostris lanceoides in 1 animal) were collected from the raccoon dogs introduced recently on this world natural heri ... | 2006 | 16891781 |
| nematodes from raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) introduced recently on yakushima island, japan. | nematodes were collected from 14 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) on yakushima island, kagoshima prefecture (kyushu), japan, that were the progeny of recently introduced animals to this world natural heritage area, probably within the last 2 decades. seven nematode species (toxocara tanuki, ancylostoma kusimaense, arthrostoma miyazakiense, strongyloides planiceps, trichuris vulpis, gongylonema sp., and dirofilaria immitis) were collected from the raccoon dogs. two nematode spec ... | 2006 | 16891782 |
| patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility in michigan wildlife and bovine isolates of mycobacterium bovis. | the state of michigan has recognized the presence of mycobacterium bovis in its free-ranging white-tailed deer population since 1994. this endemic infection is primarily located in a 12-county area in the northeastern lower peninsula of michigan. a statewide surveillance and eradication program of the disease has been in effect since 1994. worldwide, mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms have a known predilection toward development of antimicrobial resistance. the objective of this study ... | 2006 | 16921884 |
| morphological and morphometrical characterization of gametocytes of hepatozoon procyonis richards, 1961 (protista, apicomplexa) from a brazilian wild procionid nasua nasua and procyon cancrivorus (carnivora, procyonidae). | the species hepatozoon procyonis richards, 1961 was described in procyon lotor in the usa and then in other reports in the usa, while in panama h. procyonis has been described in procyon cancrivorus. the objective of this paper is to report the occurrence of this species in the brazilian procionids p. cancrivorus and nasua nausa and to describe the morphology and morphometrics of the gametocytes. the analysis was based on blood smears, stained with giemsa, which were examined under a photonic mi ... | 2007 | 16941187 |
| fish mapping of 10 canine bac clones harbouring genes and microsatellites in the arctic fox and the chinese raccoon dog genomes. | cytogenetic mapping of the arctic fox and the chinese raccoon dog were performed using a set of canine probes derived from the bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library. altogether, 10 bac clones containing sequences of selected genes (pax3, hbb, atp2a2, tecta, pit1, abca4, esr2, tph1, htr2a, maoa) and microsatellites were mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) experiments to chromosomes of the canids studied. at present, the cytogenetic map on the arctic fox and chinese raccoon ... | 2006 | 16965407 |
| molecular epidemiology of trichinella spp. in three baltic countries: lithuania, latvia, and estonia. | meat of domestic pigs and wild boars has been the significant source of emerged human trichinellosis in lithuania, latvia, and estonia over the past two decades. however, there is very little known on the occurrence of trichinella spp. in main wildlife reservoirs and its transmission in domestic and sylvatic cycles in these countries. the present study demonstrated considerably higher endemicity of trichinella spp. in main sylvatic reservoirs (28.9-42% in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs ( ... | 2007 | 17013647 |
| immunolocalization of steroidogenic enzymes p450scc, 3betahsd, and p450c17 in the ovaries of wild raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). | we investigated the distribution of 3 types of steroidogenic enzymes, p450scc, 3betahsd, and p450c17, in wild raccoon dog ovaries by immunohistochemistry. six pairs of ovaries were obtained from wild raccoon dogs between 2001 and 2003, with 3 of the 6 pairs of ovaries containing corpora lutea. p450scc, 3betahsd, and p450c17 were localized in the granulosa and theca cells of these raccoon dogs. furthermore, lutein cells were stained positively for p450scc and 3betahsd in the pregnant and non-preg ... | 2006 | 17019074 |
| [a molecular phylogeny of shennongjia white bear based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence]. | the phylogenetic relationship of shennongjia white bear has been an open question. total dna was extracted and sequenced from hair and feces of shennongjia white bear. based on the partial cyt b gene sequence obtained from the samples, the authors aligned them using the clustal w software program. the mega software was used to analyze the divergences and base substitutions of the partial cyt b gene among the 11 species: shennongjia white bear, selenarctos thibetanus, euarctos americanus, helarct ... | 2006 | 17035181 |