Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
use of meat juice from racoons (procyon lotor) collected from central europe for immunological detection of trichinella spp.the raccoon (procyon lotor) is a species native to north america, but which is now spreading throughout europe. raccoons have been found to host various trichinella species. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using immunological testing of meat juice for determining the occurrence of trichinella in raccoons. the studies were carried out on 139 animals from three european countries: the czech republic, germany and poland. seven meat juice samples were found to be po ...202032143976
campylobacter jejuni strain dynamics in a raccoon (procyon lotor) population in southern ontario, canada: high prevalence and rapid subtype turnover.free-ranging wildlife are increasingly recognized as potential reservoirs of disease-causing campylobacter species such as c. jejuni and c. coli. raccoons (procyon lotor), which live at the interface of rural, urban, and more natural environments, are ideal subjects for exploring the potential role that wildlife play in the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis. we studied the prevalence and genetic diversity of campylobacter from live-captured raccoons on five swine farms and five conservation are ...202032118057
subgaleal hemorrhage secondary to child physical abuse in a 4-year-old boy.subgaleal hemorrhage is commonly described in the neonatal population but is a rare injury in young children and adolescents. though infrequently seen, it can follow blunt head trauma or hair pulling. this case report details a 4-year-old african american boy with massive subgaleal hemorrhage and bilateral periorbital swelling and ecchymosis as a result of hair pulling in the setting of child physical abuse. the patient was evaluated in the emergency department for swelling of his scalp several ...202032106153
examining multiple paternity in the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) in japan using microsatellite analysis.we analyzed the genotypes of three pregnant females and their litters to investigate the phenomenon of multiple paternity in wild raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) using 17 microsatellite markers. if a female has mated with only one male during estrus, then the maximum number of paternal alleles will not exceed two among littermates with the same father. the results revealed two out of three litters had three or four paternal alleles at one or five microsatellite loci. therefore, the femal ...202032101823
responsiveness of various reservoir species to oral rabies vaccination correlates with differences in vaccine uptake of mucosa associated lymphoid tissues.oral rabies vaccination (orv) is highly effective in foxes and raccoon dogs, whereas for unknown reasons the efficacy of orv in other reservoir species is less pronounced. to investigate possible variations in species-specific cell tropism and local replication of vaccine virus, different reservoir species including foxes, raccoon dogs, raccoons, mongooses, dogs and skunks were orally immunised with a highly attenuated, high-titred gfp-expressing rabies virus (rabv). immunofluorescence and rt-qp ...202032076025
ecology and infection dynamics of multi-host amdoparvoviral and protoparvoviral carnivore pathogens.amdoparvovirus and protoparvovirus are monophyletic viral genera that infect carnivores. we performed surveillance for and sequence analyses of parvoviruses in mustelids in insular british columbia to investigate parvoviral maintenance and cross-species transmission among wildlife. overall, 19.1% (49/256) of the tested animals were parvovirus-positive. aleutian mink disease virus (amdv) was more prevalent in mink (41.6%, 32/77) than martens (3.1%, 4/130), feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) was mor ...202032075256
molecular survey of bartonella rochalimae in japanese raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus).wild carnivores serve as reservoirs of several zoonotic bartonella species such as bartonella henselae, bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, and bartonella rochalimae. the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) is the most common native carnivore in japan, but epidemiologic studies of bartonella infections have not been performed in this animal species yet. here, we report a molecular survey of b. rochalimae prevalence in 619 wild raccoon dogs captured from 2009 to 2017 in western j ...202032065761
identification of factors affecting predation risk for juvenile turtles using 3d printed models.although it is widely accepted that juvenile turtles experience high levels of predation, such events are rarely observed, providing limited evidence regarding predator identities and how juvenile habitat selection and availability of sensory cues to predators affects predation risk. we placed three-dimensional printed models resembling juvenile box turtles (terrapenecarolina) across habitats commonly utilized by the species at three sites within their geographical range and monitored models wit ...202032054027
astrocyte infection during rabies encephalitis depends on the virus strain and infection route as demonstrated by novel quantitative 3d analysis of cell tropism.although conventional immunohistochemistry for neurotropic rabies virus (rabv) usually shows high preference for neurons, non-neuronal cells are also potential targets, and abortive astrocyte infection is considered a main trigger of innate immunity in the cns. while in vitro studies indicated differences between field and less virulent lab-adapted rabvs, a systematic, quantitative comparison of astrocyte tropism in vivo is lacking. here, solvent-based tissue clearing was used to measure rabv ce ...202032053954
brainstem auditory evoked potentials in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procynoides).raccoon dogs (nyctereutesprocynoides) are canids indigenous to eastern asia being one of the most invasive non-native animals in europe and potential vectors for several hazardous parasitic and viral diseases. to present, there is a lack of studies regarding objective techniques used to appreciate the integrity and functionality of the nervous system in this species. brainstem auditory evoked potentials (baer) is a cost-effective, quick and noninvasive technique to assess the functionality of ne ...202032024272
variation in host home range size decreases rabies vaccination effectiveness by increasing the spatial spread of rabies virus.animal movement influences the spatial spread of directly transmitted wildlife disease through host-host contact structure. wildlife disease hosts vary in home range-associated foraging and social behaviours, which may increase the spread and intensity of disease outbreaks. the consequences of variation in host home range movement and space use on wildlife disease dynamics are poorly understood, but could help to predict disease spread and determine more effective disease management strategies. ...202031957005
a model for the prediction of antimicrobial resistance in escherichia coli based on a comparative evaluation of fatty acid profiles.antimicrobial resistance is a threat to agricultural production and public health. in this proof-of-concept study, we investigated predicting antimicrobial sensitive/resistant (s/r) phenotypes and host sources of escherichia coli (n = 128) based on differential fatty acid abundance. myristic (14:0), pentadecanoic acid (15:0), palmitic (16:0), elaidic (18:19) and steric acid (18:0) were significantly different (α = 0.05) using a two-way anova for predicting nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, aztreona ...202031948696
neuropathology and diagnostic features of rabies in a litter of piglets, with a brief review of the literature.porcine rabies is exceedingly rare worldwide. we describe herein the neuropathology and the diagnostic features of an outbreak of rabies in a litter of piglets attacked by a skunk in georgia, united states. rabies viral infection was confirmed in 2 of 3 piglets submitted for testing. inflammatory and degenerative changes were more prominent in the brainstem and consisted of lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis with glial nodules, neuronal necrosis, and neuronophagia. no viral inclusions (negri ...202031916501
public veterinary medicine: public health: rabies surveillance in the united states during 2018.to describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2018 in the united states.202031910075
fatal canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2) infection in a rescued free-ranging taiwanese pangolin (manis pentadactyla pentadactyla).carnivore protoparvovirus 1 includes feline parvovirus (fpv), variants of canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2), mink enteritis virus, and raccoon parvovirus, important pathogens affecting both wild and domestic carnivores. in this report, we described a fatal cpv-2 infection in a rescued taiwanese pangolin, which provides the first evidence of cpv-2 infection in a non-carnivore. post-rescue, the taiwanese pangolin died from complications resulting from a severe panleucocytopenia and bloody diarrhoea. a f ...202031886933
genetic characteristics of canine distemper viruses circulating in wildlife in the united states.canine distemper virus (cdv) is a highly contagious disease of wild and domestic mammals. maintenance of cdv among wildlife plays an important role in the disease epidemiology. wild animals, including raccoons (procyon lotor) and gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus), serve as reservoirs of cdv and hamper the control of the disease. recently, we discovered that at least three different cdv lineages (america-3 [edomex], america-4, and america-5] that are genetically different from the available v ...202031926508
epidemiology of rabies and current us vaccine guidelines.rabies is an acute encephalitis that is caused by rabies virus (rabv) infection, which belongs to the rhabdoviridae family of viruses. it causes about 59,000 human deaths per year (although this number may be under-reported) and is generally fatal, once signs and symptoms begin to appear. rabies is still very prevalent and under- reported, particularly in low to middle-income countries such as asia and africa, where there is lack of access to healthcare and domestic dogs are not widely vaccinate ...202032752569
characterization and comparison of slam/cd150 in free-ranging coyotes, raccoons, and skunks in illinois for elucidation of canine distemper virus disease.canine distemper virus (cdv) is a cause of significant disease in canids and increasingly recognized as a multi-host pathogen, particularly of non-canid families within carnivora. cdv outbreaks in sympatric mesocarnivores are routinely diagnosed in the forest preserve district of cook county, illinois. cdv is diagnosed more commonly and the disease more severe in raccoons and striped skunks than in coyotes. research in other species suggests host cell receptors may play a role in variable diseas ...202032599844
serosurvey of coyotes (canis latrans), foxes (vulpes vulpes, urocyon cinereoargenteus), and raccoons (procyon lotor) for exposure to influenza a viruses in the usa.we tested coyote (canis latrans), fox (urocyon cinereoargenteus, vulpes vulpes), and raccoon (procyon lotor) sera for influenza a virus exposure. we found 2/139 samples (1 coyote, 1 raccoon) had iav antibodies and hemagglutination inhibition assays revealed the antibodies to the 2009/2010 h1n1 human pandemic virus or to the 2007 human seasonal h1n1 virus.202032320339
invasive wild pigs as primary nest predators for wild turkeys.depredation of wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) nests is a leading cause of reduced recruitment for the recovering and iconic game species. invasive wild pigs (sus scrofa) are known to depredate nests, and have been expanding throughout the distributed range of wild turkeys in north america. we sought to gain better insight on the magnitude of wild pigs depredating wild turkey nests. we constructed simulated wild turkey nests throughout the home ranges of 20 gps-collared wild pigs to evaluate n ...202032060348
cardiopulmonary nematodes of wild carnivores from denmark: do they serve as reservoir hosts for infections in domestic animals?the cardiopulmonary nematodes angiostrongylus vasorum, crenosoma vulpis, capillaria aerophila and aelurostrongylus abstrusus, are a cause of concern in the scientific and veterinary community, potentially causing significant disease in domestic animals. to investigate the potential of wild carnivores as reservoir hosts to these parasites, a total of 1041 animals from seven regions of denmark were sampled: 476 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides), 367 red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 123 american mi ...202032884901
reproduction success in european badgers, red foxes and raccoon dogs in relation to sett cohabitation.the setts of the european badger meles meles can be cohabited during reproductive season by the red fox vulpes vulpes and raccoon dog nyctereutes procyonoides. there is no information on the possible impact of both species on the size of badgers' litter. the aim of the study was to show the influence of cohabitation of the same setts by badger, raccoon dog and fox on the litter size. the research was conducted in 2012-2014 and 2018 in the lowland forests of western poland. we conducted the surve ...202032797065
under the skin: ixodes ticks in the subcutaneous tissue of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from germany.ixodes spp. are vectors of zoonotic pathogens. all three active life stages (larvae, nymphs, adults) need to feed on a host in order to develop. usually ticks parasitize attached to the external surface of their hosts' skin. interestingly, in some cases ticks can also be found in the subcutaneous tissue in a variety of hosts, such as red foxes (vulpes vulpes), raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) and dogs.202032312296
isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of nontuberculous mycobacteria from wildlife in japan.nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals and are transmitted among the environment, wildlife, livestock, and humans. the aim of this study was to investigate the rate of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of ntm in wildlife. in total, 178 samples of feces (n=131) and tissues (n=47) were collected from 11 wildlife species in gifu prefecture and mie prefecture, japan, between june 2016 and october 2018. we isolated ntm from 15.3% (20/131) of fecal ...202032402237
spatio-temporal clustering of baylisascaris procyonis, a zoonotic parasite, in raccoons across different landscapes in southern ontario.baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, is a parasite found throughout north america and parts of europe. more than 150 species of mammals and birds including humans can develop neurological disease following infection with the larval stage of this parasite. to investigate whether b. procyonis infections in raccoons cluster in space, time, or space-time, we used data from 1353 ontario raccoons submitted to the canadian wildlife health cooperative between 2013 and 2016. we identified a si ...202033138952
cross-sectional evaluation of multiple epidemiological cycles of leptospira species in peri-urban wildlife in california.to perform a cross-sectional survey to estimate prevalence of and potential risk factors for leptospira spp infection and exposure in peri-urban wildlife throughout california.202033021456
molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in minks (neovison vison), blue foxes (vulpes lagopus), and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in farms from xinjiang, northwest china.the objective of this study was to determine the infection rate and genetic diversity of cryptosporidium spp. in minks, foxes, and raccoon dogs, farmed in the xinjiang uygur autonomous region, northwest china. fresh fecal specimens were collected from individual cages of farmed minks (n = 214), blue foxes (n = 35), and raccoon dogs (n = 39) and examined using nested pcr based on the cryptosporidium spp. small subunit rrna gene. cryptosporidium spp. was detected in 35 cages (12.2%, 35/288), with ...202033009948
could mustelids spur covid-19 into a panzootic?the ongoing pandemic caused by sars-cov-2 has spilled over into humans from an animal reservoir. notably, the virus is now spilling back into a variety of animal species. it appears striking that american (neovison vison) and european (mustela vison) minks are the first intensively farmed animal to experience outbreaks. neither of these have occurred in asia or africa but rather in europe - namely spain, denmark, netherlands and in the us, at a mink farm in utah. current evidence indicates that ...202032909703
first molecular detection of pneumocystis spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpeslinnaeus, 1758) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoidesgray, 1834).fungal organisms of the genus pneumocystis may cause pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp) in humans, but also domestic and wild mammals. almost every animal species hosts its own genetically distinct pneumocystis species, however information is sparse. in this study, 62 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 37 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) were collected in north-east germany. the lung tissues of the animals were analysed by a new designed specific pan-pneumocystis mtlsu rrna gene pcr and sequencing. ...202032871298
raccoon roundworm prevalence (baylisascaris procyonis) at the north carolina zoo, usa.baylisascaris procyonis is an important zoonotic nematode of raccoons (procyon lotor). infection with this parasite has important health implications for humans, zoo animals, and free-ranging wildlife. as a large, natural habitat zoo, the north carolina zoo (nc zoo) coexists with native wildlife. raccoons are abundant at the nc zoo and the prevalence of b. procyonis is unknown. raccoon latrines were located through employee reporting and systematic searching throughout the zoo and sampled for b. ...202032742774
investigation of causes of death in wildlife using veterinary molecular and wound analysis methods.investigating the cause of animal death is helpful to understand the reasons behind the interactions and conflicts between humans and animals. to further develop the cause of death investigation, we report a case of a chinese spot-billed duck (anas zonorhyncha) which hatched from a rescued duck and died 10 days after release. we inspected the duck's cause of death using an interview of concerned people, external body examination, necropsy, and genetic examinations. based on the fractures, the ma ...202032727967
molecular characterization and identification of blastocystis and its subtypes from raccoon (procyon lotor) in north of iran.blastocystis is a zoonotic protozoan parasite frequently identified in the intestinal tract of humans and a vast variety of animals, worldwide. here, we assessed the prevalence of blastocystis and its subtypes in stool samples of raccoons. stool samples from 30 raccoons were collected. total dna was extracted, and the barcoding region of the small subunit ribosomal rrna (ssu rrna) gene was amplified and sequenced. specific fragment for blastocystis was successfully amplified in five samples (16. ...202032577820
cryptosporidium sp. skunk genotype in wild raccoons (procyon lotor) naturally infected with baylisascaris procyonis from central germany.cryptosporidium spp. are apicomplexan parasites of public health concern. they are one of the main causes of intestinal diseases in humans and animals. contaminated water is among the main sources of infection for humans and mammals. raccoons are an introduced species in germany. they are anthropogenic adapters with a natural affinity for water bodies. we collected samples from wild raccoons in the federal states of saxony and thuringia, central germany. through molecular genotyping, we found cr ...202032574726
detection of dna from the zoonotic raccoon roundworm baylisascaris procyonis in a french wolf.baylisascaris procyonis is a zoonotic nematode whose main definitive host is the raccoon, an invasive carnivore in europe introduced from the united states. b. procyonis causes larva migrans with poor prognosis in humans. this parasite was unexpectedly detected in france for the first time upon molecular screening of wolf faecal samples. because no patent infection was found, the wolf cannot be considered as a definitive host. this discovery of b. procyonis in france nonetheless raises questions ...202032512048
phylogenetic relationships of strongyloides species in carnivore hosts.strongyloides stercoralis is a parasitic nematode and a major pathogen responsible for human strongyloidiasis. the presence of this species in the dog population has led to an interest in studying the phylogenetic relationships among strongyloides spp. in carnivore hosts. in the present study, strongyloides spp. from various carnivore hosts (raccoon, japanese badger, siberian weasel, raccoon dog, masked palm civet, and domestic cat) were sought. except for civets, strongyloides spp. were identif ...202032502520
detection of cryptosporidium spp. infection in wild raccoons (procyon lotor) from luxembourg using an elisa approach.cryptosporidium spp. are protozoan parasites that cause enteric infection in a wide range of mammals, including humans. the raccoon (procyon lotor) is an invasive species in many parts of the world and studies have shown that they can be infected with cryptosporidium spp. both outside and in their original distribution area. the aim of the present study was to determine the presence of cryptosporidium spp. antigens in the faeces of raccoons in luxembourg.202032494952
prevalence of baylisascaris procyonis in raccoon latrines in southern ontario, canada.raccoon latrines represent sites of potential infection by the zoonotic parasite baylisascaris procyonis for wildlife and humans. our objective was to determine the prevalence of b. procyonis at raccoon latrine sites in southern ontario. thirty raccoon latrines were sampled between june - july 2018; multiple scats were collected and homogenized to form a representative sample of each latrine. to determine the presence or absence of b. procyonis eggs in each sample, we used the cornell-wisconsin ...202032448536
spillover of sars-cov-2 into novel wild hosts in north america: a conceptual model for perpetuation of the pathogen.there is evidence that the current outbreak of the novel coronavirus sars-cov-2, which causes covid-19, is of animal origin. as with a number of zoonotic pathogens, there is a risk of spillover into novel hosts. here, we propose a hypothesized conceptual model that illustrates the mechanism whereby the sars-cov-2 could spillover from infected humans to naive wildlife hosts in north america. this proposed model is premised on transmission of sars-cov-2 from human feces through municipal waste wat ...202032416535
american dog ticks (dermacentor variabilis) as biological indicators of an association between the enteric bacterium moellerella wisconsensis and striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) in southwestern manitoba, canada.total genomic (g) dna from 100 american dog ticks (dermacentor variabilis) collected from humans, dogs, raccoons, and skunks near minnedosa (manitoba, canada) in 2005 was tested for the presence of moellerella wisconsensis (gammaproteobacteria: enterobacteriales) using pcr. although two gdna samples derived from ticks attached to two striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) contained m. wisconsensis dna, it is unlikely that d. variabilis is a vector of this bacterium. genomic dna prepared from the was ...202032402233
prevalence and genotype distribution of enterocytozoon bieneusi in farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in shandong province, eastern china.enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common microsporidian species, which can infect humans and various species of animals. however, little is known about e. bieneusi prevalence and genotypes in farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in shandong province, china. in this study, a total of 356 fecal samples were collected from farmed raccoon dogs in weihai, weifang, and yantai cities in shandong province, china. a total of 23 (6.5%) samples were e. bieneusi-positive by nested pcr amplification of ...202032377907
molecular identification of sarcocystis lutrae (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) from the raccoon dog, nyctereutes procyonoides, and the common raccoon, procyon lotor, in the czech republic.apicomplexan parasites of the genus sarcocystis have an obligate two-host life-cycle and comprise about 200 species, which infect different cold- and warm-blooded hosts, including humans. recently, morphological and molecular studies of sarcocysts in broadly spread carnivore hosts have been on the rise. the description of muscular tissues infection by sarcocystis in the raccoon dog and the common raccoon from the czech republic is herein presented.202032375886
geographic distribution of raccoon roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, germany and luxembourg.infestation with baylisascaris procyonis, a gastrointestinal nematode of the raccoon, can cause fatal disease in humans. we found that the parasite is widespread in central germany and can pose a public health risk. the spread of b. procyonis roundworms into nematode-free raccoon populations needs to be monitored.202032187005
vertebrate scavenger guild composition and utilization of carrion in an east asian temperate forest.scavenging is a common feeding behavior by many species that plays an important role in ecosystem stability and function while also providing ecosystem services. despite its importance, facultative scavenging on large animal carcasses has generally been overlooked in asian temperate forest ecosystems. the aim of this study was to determine the composition and feeding behavior of the facultative scavenger guild as it relates to sika deer (cervus nippon) carcasses in japanese forests. there are no ...202032076509
raccoons (procyon lotor) and striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) as potential reservoirs of leptospira spp. in california.leptospirosis is a globally important, fatal disease of humans, and over 160 species of animals are associated with more than 250 bacterial serovars in 64 species, but its ecology varies regionally and has changed over time with expansion of human development on previously agricultural and wild land. sporadic human cases and clusters of canine leptospirosis, primarily attributable to leptospira interrogans serogroup pomona, have been detected in northern california. small mesocarnivores such as ...202032017860
rabies encephalitis and extra-neural manifestations in a patient bitten by a domestic cat.rabies encephalitis is a fatal zoonotic viral disease transmitted to humans either by domestic animals like dogs and cats or by wild animals like bats, skunks and raccoons. we present the case of a 25-year-old woman admitted due to behavioral disorders, generalized paresthesiasand acute respiratory deterioration compatible with a respiratory distress syndrome (ards) requiring orotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation and empirical initiation of antibiotic and antiviral therapy. chest tomogr ...202031967209
the first report and molecular analysis of enterocytozoon bieneusi from raccoon (procyon lotor) in north of iran.microsporidia are known opportunistic microorganisms and usually transmitted via the fecal-oral route. however, there is no information about human-infecting microsporidia in wildlife in iran. this study aimed to investigate and analyze human-infecting microsporidia isolated from raccoons in north of iran. totally, 30 fecal samples were collected; then, dna extraction was performed and specific fragments of the ssu rrna gene of enterocytozoon bieneusi and encephalitozoon species were amplified. ...202031943500
increased detection of rabies virus in bats in ceará state (northeast brazil) after implementation of a passive surveillance programme.the intensification of dog, cat and livestock vaccination campaigns significantly reduced rabies cases in humans and domestic animals in ceará state, brazil. however, sylvatic animals-bats (order chiroptera), wild canids, raccoons and non-human primates- remain as reservoirs for the virus. our hypothesis is that surveillance and monitoring of rabies virus in bats, especially passive surveillance, is of fundamental importance, besides the implementation of health education and strengthening of su ...202031797575
demographic and environmental factors associated with baylisascaris procyonis infection of raccoons (procyon lotor) in ontario, canada.the raccoon (procyon lotor) roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, is an emerging wildlife zoonosis of public health significance in north america. although the adult stage typically causes no disease in raccoons, the larval stage can cause significant disease in a variety of species, including humans. raccoons often use human environments, which may increase the risk of b. procyonis exposure in people, particularly in urban settings. because of this, our objectives were to identify host and enviro ...202031658429
prevalence of baylisascaris procyonis in raccoons trapped in new orleans, louisiana, 2014-2017.baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, is considered an emerging zoonotic disease in the united states after being identified in raccoons captured in different us regions and metropolitan areas. humans can become infected with b. procyonis after ingesting mature roundworm eggs, sometimes resulting in fatal disease or severe sequelae in these patients. the first reported human baylisascaris case in new orleans raised concerns that very little was known about this zoonotic disease in the ...202031414972
prevalence and genotyping of toxoplasma gondii infection in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in northern china.toxoplasma gondii is one of protozoan parasites resulting in zoonosis, which can infect nearly all of warm-blooded hosts, including humans and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). however, related reports on prevalence and genetic characterization of t. gondii strains in raccoon dogs were few in china. the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and genetic characterization of t. gondii strains in domestic raccoon dogs from jilin, liaoning, and hebei provinces, northern china. during ...202031589566
pathology and discrete typing unit associations of trypanosoma cruzi infection in coyotes (canis latrans) and raccoons (procyon lotor) of texas, usa.trypanosoma cruzi is a vector-borne, protozoal parasite of mammals. infected humans, dogs (canis lupus familiaris), and nonhuman primates may remain asymptomatic or may develop chagas disease, most commonly characterized by lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis with myocardial degeneration and fibrosis, ultimately resulting in heart failure. although wildlife species have important roles as sylvatic reservoirs, investigations into the pathology of t. cruzi in wildlife are limited to a few studies docume ...202031567037
landscape-scale differences among cities alter common species' responses to urbanization.understanding how biodiversity responds to urbanization is challenging, due in part to the single-city focus of most urban ecological research. here, we delineate continent-scale patterns in urban species assemblages by leveraging data from a multi-city camera trap survey and quantify how differences in greenspace availability and average housing density among ten north american cities relate to the distribution of eight widespread north american mammals. to do so, we deployed camera traps at 56 ...202033141996
association of the invasive haemaphysalis longicornis tick with vertebrate hosts, other native tick vectors, and tick-borne pathogens in new york city, usa.haemaphysalis longicornis, the asian longhorned tick, is an invasive ixodid tick that has rapidly spread across the northeastern and southeastern regions of the united states since first reported in 2017. the emergence of h. longicornis presents a potential threat for livestock, wildlife, and human health as the host associations and vector potential of this invasive pest in the united states are poorly understood. previous field data from the united states has shown that h. longicornis was not ...202033130214
dracunculus species in meso-mammals from georgia, united states, and implications for the guinea worm eradication program in chad, africa.the prevalence and diversity of parasitic nematodes in wildlife have been well studied for certain species, yet for others considerable gaps in knowledge exist. the parasitic nematode dracunculus insignis infects north american wildlife, and past research on this species has led to an increased understanding of the potential host diversity and transmission of the closely related human guinea worm, dracunculus medinensis (which is currently the focus of a global eradication program). many definit ...202033009554
surveys for ticks on wildlife hosts and in the environment at asian longhorned tick (haemaphysalis longicornis)-positive sites in virginia and new jersey, 2018.haemaphysalis longicornis, the asian longhorned tick (alt), is native to eastern asia, but it has become invasive in several countries, including australia, new zealand and recently in the eastern united states (us). to identify wild mammal and avian host species in the us, we conducted active wildlife surveillance in two states with known alt infestations (virginia and new jersey). in addition, we conducted environmental surveys in both states. these surveillance efforts resulted in detection o ...202032639639
comparative metal analysis in a species assemblage of mammals from the southeastern united states.metal pollution commonly occurs in many terrestrial environments and may pose a threat for the animals inhabiting such areas. here, we present concentrations of six metals (cadmium [cd], copper [cu], nickel [ni], lead [pb], selenium [se], and zinc [zn]) in the liver tissues of seven species of mammals obtained from a study that examined the impact of mesopredator removal on northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus) populations. a total of 1326 samples were collected from 2003 to 2006 at four sites ...202032323028
characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in enterobacteriaceae carried by suburban mesocarnivores and locally owned and stray dogs.the role of wildlife in the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes (args) in the environment is of increasing concern. we investigated the occurrence, richness and transmissibility potential of args detected in the faeces of three mesocarnivore species: the coyote (canis latrans), raccoon (procyon lotor) and virginia opossum (didelphis virginiana), and of stray and owned dogs in suburban chicago, il, usa. rectal swabs were collected from live-capture ...202032034890
evidence of leptospira serovars in wildlife and leptospiral dna in water sources in a natural area in east-central illinois, usa.we identified seven leptospira serovars in wildlife and the presence of leptospiral dna in water sources at a natural area within a fragmented habitat in illinois, us. these serovars have been implicated in domestic animal and human leptospirosis, a reemerging zoonotic disease, whose reservoirs include wildlife and domestic animals. we live trapped medium-sized mammals (n=351) near building (h-sites) or forest sites (f-sites). using serology, we evaluated exposure to leptospira (l. interrogans s ...202031622185
preference among 7 bait flavors delivered to domestic dogs in arizona: implications for oral rabies vaccination on the navajo nation.less than 20% of the domestic dogs on tribal lands in the united states are vaccinated against rabies. one method to increase vaccination rates may be the distribution of oral rabies vaccines (orvs). onrab® (artemis technologies, inc., ontario, canada) is the primary orv used in canada to vaccinate striped skunks and raccoons. to investigate the potential use of onrab® orv baits to vaccinate feral domestic dogs against rabies on tribal lands and beyond, we performed a flavor preference study. a ...202032288687
multi-species elisa for the detection of antibodies against sars-cov-2 in animals.severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has caused a pandemic with millions of infected humans and hundreds of thousands of fatalities. as the novel disease - referred to as covid-19 - unfolded, occasional anthropozoonotic infections of animals by owners or caretakers were reported in dogs, felid species and farmed mink. further species were shown to be susceptible under experimental conditions. the extent of natural infections of animals, however, is still largely unknown. ...202033191578
analysis and clinical importance of skull base fractures in adult patients with traumatic brain injury.basal skull fracture (bsf) is rare in head injury (hi) patients and occasionally goes unnoticed which may lead to cerebrospinal fluid (csf) fistula. with changing trends in hi, there is a need to reassess incidence and pattern of bsf pattern, csf leak, meningitis, and management protocol, especially in this part of the world where detailed literature is lacking.202030069094
phylodynamic analysis of two amino acid substitutions in the hemagglutinin protein of canine distemper virus strains detected in fur-bearing animals in china.canine distemper virus (cdv) causes a highly contagious disease in a wide range of carnivores. the hemagglutinin (h) protein of viruses shows the highest variability and plays an important role in modulation of viral antigenicity, virulence, and receptor recognition. since 2012, canine distemper (cd) outbreaks in fur-bearing animals (minks, foxes, raccoon dogs) caused by cdv variants with i542n and y549h substitutions in the h protein have been frequently reported in china. to characterize the m ...202031802380
a baby with raccoon eyes. 202031864469
acholeplasma equirhinis sp. nov. isolated from respiratory tract of horse (equus caballus) and mycoplasma procyoni sp. nov. isolated from oral cavity of raccoon (procyon lotor).we describe two novel species of acholeplasma sp. strain n93 and mycoplasma sp. strain lr5794 which were isolated from the nasopharynx of a horse from the united kingdom and from the oral cavity of a north american raccoon from canada, respectively. these strains were phenotypically and genetically characterized and compared to other established mycoplasma and acholeplasma species. both strains are facultative anaerobes, resistant to penicillin, and produce acid from glucose but do not hydrolyze ...202031828363
lungworm (crenosoma goblei) infection in unweaned free-ranging raccoons (procyon lotor) in washington state, usa.larval parasites morphologically identified as crenosoma goblei were found in orphaned raccoons (procyon lotor) admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation center in washington state, us. partial 18s rrna and cytochrome oxidase i gene sequences were most similar to other crenosoma spp. although commonly reported in free-ranging raccoons throughout much of the central and eastern us, this finding extends the range of c. goblei into the pacific northwest of north america. fecal samples taken within 48 h ...202031596677
comparative analysis of the gut microbiota of the blue fox (alopex lagopus) and raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides).the goal of this study is to compare the gut microbiota of domestic blue fox (alopex lagopus) and raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) to provide better understanding of their intestinal gut microbiota. we analyzed the structure of fecal microbes in 40 blue foxes and 40 raccoon dogs that were raised under same conditions, using high-throughput illumina sequencing targeting the v3-v4 region of the 16s rrna gene. in total, 295,146 sequence reads were obtained. the average number of operational t ...202031535158
raccoon eyes in cutaneous neonatal lupus syndrome. 202031782723
a baylisascaris outbreak in fox squirrels (sciurus niger) and subsequent detection of francisella tularensis in kansas, usa.thorough epidemiologic investigations of wildlife mortality events are often challenging, in part because of the dynamic variables involved. in may 2011, six fox squirrels (sciurus niger) in clinton state park, kansas, us were euthanized after exhibiting clinical signs of neurologic disease. postmortem examination of two squirrels revealed that these individuals died of baylisascaris larva migrans, which resulted in meningoencephalitis and variable pneumonia and myocarditis. fecal flotation of r ...202031750777
selenium and mercury in the hair of raccoons (procyon lotor) and european wildcats (felis s. silvestris) from germany and luxembourg.this study examined the concentration of total mercury (thg) and selenium (se), as well as the molar ratio of se:thg in hair samples of terrestrial animals. thg and se concentrations were measured from the hair of raccoons (procyon lotor) and european wildcats (felis s. silvestris) from germany and luxembourg. median thg concentrations in hair from raccoons and wildcats were 0.369 and 0.273 mg kg-1 dry weight (dw), respectively. se concentrations were higher in the hair of raccoons than of wildc ...202031734834
assessment of the invasion process of the common raccoon procyon lotor (carnivora: procyonidae) on a mediterranean island a decade after its introduction.the common raccoon, procyon lotor was introduced at the balearic islands (spain) in 2006. since then, a colonization process has been carried out, with captures of specimens in 24.30% of the surface of the whole mallorca island. for the first time, information has been provided on the invasive process of p. lotor in an insular ecosystem. 257 specimens of p. lotor were captured during the period 2007-2018, of them 104 were analysed to estimate population parameters. demographic data showed that t ...202031678879
molecular characteristics of h9n2 influenza viruses isolated from farmed raccoon dogs and arctic foxes in china.in this study, eight h9n2 iavs were isolated from infected diseased, farmed raccoon dogs and arctic foxes. eight genes shared 98.6%-100% identity among the isolates possessing a psrssr/gl motif at the ha cleavage site, which is same as the motif of g1 and y280 lineages of h9n2 iavs. the phylogenetic analysis showed that the ha genes of the eight isolates clustered with y280-like viruses, whereas the na genes belonged to f/98-like sublineage. interestingly, the ns, np, pb2 and pa genes of the iso ...202033223121
mink slam v-region v74i substitutions contribute to the formation of syncytia induced by canine distemper virus.the signal lymphatic activation molecule (slam, also known as cd150) as the cellular receptor of canine distemper virus (cdv) plays an important role in the virus-host interaction. however, it is still unknown whether amino acid differences in the slam variable (v) region affect the formation of syncytia. here, using raccoon dog slam (rslam) and mink slam (mslam), we performed slam-v homologous modeling, site-directed mutagenesis, and surface expression analysis, as well as a cell fusion assay, ...202133585591
sylvatic canine morbillivirus in captive panthera highlights viral promiscuity and the need for better prevention strategies.canine distemper virus (cdv) is a multi-host morbillivirus that infects virtually all carnivora and a few non-human primates. here we describe a cdv outbreak in an exotic felid rescue center that led to the death of eight felids in the genus panthera. similar to domestic dogs and in contrast to previously described cdv cases in panthera, severe pneumonia was the primary lesion and no viral antigens or cdv-like lesions were detected in the central nervous system. four tigers succumbed to opportun ...202133946447
comparison of two surveillance components for investigating the epidemiology of canine distemper virus in raccoons (procyon lotor).canine distemper virus (cdv) has a broad mammalian host range. in ontario, canada, cdv is frequently encountered in wild carnivores and is the most common infectious cause of death for raccoons (procyon lotor). the isolation of wild-type cdv strains genetically distinct from vaccine strains in north america has renewed interest in the epidemiological patterns of this virus. however, wildlife surveillance is challenging and often utilizes a combination of surveillance methods with aggregation of ...202133635985
aptamer-targeting of aleutian mink disease virus (amdv) can be an effective strategy to inhibit virus replication.aleutian mink disease (amd), which is caused by aleutian mink disease virus (amdv), is an important contagious disease for which no effective vaccine is yet available. amd causes major economic losses for mink farmers globally and threatens some carnivores such as skunks, genets, foxes and raccoons. aptamers have exciting potential for the diagnosis and/or treatment of infectious viral diseases, including amd. using a magnetic beads-based systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment ( ...202133633317
updates on rabies virus disease: is evolution toward zombie virus a tangible threat?human rabies disease is caused by rabies lyssavirus, a virus belonging to rhabdoviridae family. the more frequent means of contagion is through bites of infected mammals (especially dogs, but also bats, skunks, foxes, raccoons and wolves) which, lacerating the skin, directly inoculate virus-laden saliva into the underlying tissues. immediately after inoculation, the rabies virus enters neural axons and migrates along peripheral nerves towards the central nervous system, where it preferentially l ...202133682816
lesions associated with bartonella taylorii-like bacterium infection in a free-ranging, young-of-the-year raccoon from prince edward island, canada.a young-of-the year, female raccoon was presented with clinical signs of weakness and tremors. the raccoon was euthanized, and autopsy findings included poor body condition, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and pale, firm kidneys with petechial hemorrhages throughout the renal cortex. histologic lesions included systemic fibrinoid vascular necrosis and severe renal lesions, including lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis and fibrinosuppurative glomerulonephritis. inflammatory vascular lesions were al ...202133463406
peridomestic mammal susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.wild animals have been implicated as the origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), but it is largely unknown how the virus affects most wildlife species and if wildlife could ultimately serve as a reservoir for maintaining the virus outside the human population. we show that several common peridomestic species, including deer mice, bushy-tailed woodrats, and striped skunks, are susceptible to infection and can shed the virus in respiratory secretions. in contrast, w ...202134286685
sars-cov-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications.severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2, previously 2019-ncov) is suspected of having originated in 2019 in china from a coronavirus infected bat of the genus rhinolophus. following the initial emergence, possibly facilitated by a mammalian bridge host, sars-cov-2 is currently transmitted across the globe via efficient human-to-human transmission. results obtained from experimental studies indicate that animal species such as cats, ferrets, raccoon dogs, cynomolgus macaques, ...202133892621
monitoring of sars-cov-2 infection in mustelids.american mink and ferret are highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), but no information is available for other mustelid species. sars-cov-2 spreads very efficiently within mink farms once introduced, by direct and indirect contact, high within-farm animal density increases the chance for transmission. between-farm spread is likely to occur once sars-cov-2 is introduced, short distance between sars-cov-2 positive farms is a risk factor. as of 29 january ...202133717355
viral metagenomics reveals diverse viruses in the feces samples of raccoon dogs.raccoon dogs as an ancient species of canidae are the host of many viruses, including rabies virus, canine distemper virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and so on. with the development of raccoon dog breeding in recent years, some viruses which infected poultry or pigs were also detected from raccoon dogs. at present, the fecal virome of raccoon dogs has been rarely studied. using an unbiased viral metagenomic approach, we investigated the fecal virome in raccoon dogs collected ...202134322538
covid-19 pandemic: what about the safety of anti-coronavirus nanoparticles?every day, new information is presented with respect to how to best combat the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). this manuscript sheds light on such recent findings, including new co-factors (i.e., neuropilin-1) and routes (i.e., olfactory transmucosal) allowing cell entry of sars-cov-2 and induction of neurological symptoms, as well as the new sars-cov-2 variants. we highlight the sars-cov-2 human-animal interfaces and elaborate containment strategies using the same ...202133808934
which species does the virus like most: binding modes study between sars-cov-2 s protein and ace2 receptor.the emergence of a novel coronavirus (sars-cov-2) has been spreading worldwide in 2020. coronaviruses could mainly cause respiratory tract infections in humans and multiple system infections in many animals. the coronavirus enters the host cell through the binding of surface spike glycoprotein (s protein) with host angiotensin-converting enzyme-ⅱ (ace2) protein.202133740562
covid-19 and the animal world, from a still mysterious origin towards an always unpredictable future.although the emergence of covid-19 in china has not been clearly elucidated, the hypothesis of an animal origin remains the most likely. it is supported by the presence of the horseshoe bat suspected to be the progenitor of sars-cov-2 and by the scarcity of pork, due to african swine fever, diverting consumers to exotic animals of breeding sold in the markets. during this pandemic, several animal species were affected by sars-cov-2. sporadic cases were first reported in pets (dogs and cats) infe ...202134305142
survival of sars-cov-2 on clothing materials.in order to plan and execute proper preventative measures against covid-19, we need to understand how sars-cov-2 is transmitted. it has been shown to remain infectious on surfaces from hours to days depending on surface type and environmental factors. the possibility of transmission through fur animals and contaminated pelts, along with the safety of those working with them, is a major concern. sars-cov-2 can infect minks and raccoon dogs and has spread to mink farms in numerous countries. here, ...202133927762
Refresh
firstprev
...212223
nextlast
Displaying items 2201 - 2285 of 2285