Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [microsporum audouini-infection in a hooded gibbon (hylobates lar)]. | 1962 | 13869524 | |
| plasmodium youngi n. sp., a malaria parasite of the malayan gibbon, hylobates lar lar. | 1964 | 14125875 | |
| [on the isolation of an atypical strain of microsporum canis from a whitehanded gibbon (hylobates lar)]. | 1964 | 14230191 | |
| plasmodium eylesi sp. nov., a tertian malaria parasite from the white-handed gibbon, hylobates lar. | 1965 | 4379372 | |
| susceptibility of the gibbon hylobates lar to falciparum malaria. | the splenectomnized juvenile gibbon, hylobates lar, is susceptible to infection with trophozoites of plasmodium falciparum. all subjects in a group of six animals that were injected with freshly collected blood from four infected humans in saraburi province, thailand, developed parasitemia 2 to 20 days later; infections were transmitted from one of these subjects to three clean gibbons. | 1965 | 5325608 |
| the development of erythrocytic stages of plasmodium falciparum in the gibbon, hylobates lar. | 1966 | 4957843 | |
| plasmodium jefferyi sp. n. from hylobates lar in malaya. | 1966 | 5910463 | |
| falciparum malaria: transmission to the gibbon by anopheles balabacensis. | the splenectomized gibbon (hylobates lar) is susceptible to sporozoite-induced infection by sporozoites of plasmodium falciparum. two gibbons inoculated with sporozoites of p. falciparum from anopheles balabacensis fed on humans with falciparum malaria developed parasitemia 48 and 46 days after infection. | 1966 | 5917770 |
| comparative studies on the pathology and host physiology of malarias. 3. plasma free fatty acids in normal and malarious gibbons (hylobates lar). | 1967 | 5634128 | |
| burkitt's lymphoma in a white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar). | 1967 | 6067459 | |
| [birth and early development of 2 gibbons (hylobates lar l.)]. | 1967 | 6030827 | |
| breeding gibbons (hylobates lar entelloides) in the laboratory. | 1969 | 4244897 | |
| plasmodium falciparum in the white-handed gibbon: protection afforded by previous infection with homologous and heterologous strains obtained in thailand. | 1969 | 4987031 | |
| the gibbon (hylobates lar); a new primate host for herpesvirus hominia. i. a natural epizootic in a laboratory colony. | 1969 | 4309804 | |
| natural herpesvirus hominis infection of a gibbon (hylobates lar). | 1970 | 4321446 | |
| sequential dengue virus infections in the white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar). | 1970 | 5416293 | |
| establishment of continuous lymphoblast cultures from leukocytes of gibbons (hylobates lar). | 1972 | 4358039 | |
| experimental infection of the gibbon (hylobates lar) with dirofilaria immitis. | 1972 | 4561690 | |
| hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in a gibbon (hylobates lar). | 1972 | 4648354 | |
| lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma in two white-handed gibbons, hylobates lar. | 1972 | 4627751 | |
| electrically elicited vocalizations in the gibbon hylobates lar (hylobatidae), and their behavioral significance. | 1972 | 5048149 | |
| electrically elicited vocalizations in the gibbon, hylobates lar (hylobatidae). | 1972 | 4559354 | |
| lymphosarcomas in two gibbons (hylobates lar) with associated c-type virus. | 1973 | 4352755 | |
| evaluation of the gibbon (hylobates lar lar) as a laboratory primate-use of gibbons. | 1973 | 4214470 | |
| cerebral cysticercosis in a white-handed gibbon. | 1974 | 4426870 | |
| localization of rdna and giemsa-banded chromosome complement of white-handed gibbon, hylobates lar. | a karyotype based on banding pattern and chromosome length is presented for the white-handed gibbon, hylobates lar. little homology with the banding patterns of the chromosomes of the other hominoidea can be seen, confirming the early evolutionary separation of hylobatidae and the other apes. hybridization in situ with ribosomal rna shows that the secondary constriction of a submetacentric chromosome (15) is the only site of the nucleolar organizer, as in the cercopithecoidea. the correlation of ... | 1975 | 49260 |
| anatrichosoma infection in two white-handed gibbons. | multiple nodular lesions of the nematode anatrichosoma were observed on the ears, lips, nares, and eyelids of 2 adult gibbons (hylobates lar). the lesions were 4 to 7 mm in diameter, gray to pink, and firm on palpation. microscopically, the nodules consisted of thickened epidermis having intraepidermal cysts containing the nematode and eggs. live female nematodes were recovered from fresh biopsy specimens. because male specimens were not obtained, the species could not be identified. | 1975 | 1176358 |
| long-term observations of siamang behaviour. | long-term observations are presented on the behaviour of the siamang ape, symphalangus syndactylus, in the lowland forest of central malaya. the data were collected during two dry and three fruiting seasons between 1969 and 1973 inclusive on two groups with adjacent ranges; comparisons are made within and between sample periods, and between groups. the influence of weather on daily activities is considered. food intake is analysed in terms of number of food trees, number of visits to these trees ... | 1975 | 1140747 |
| calcification of the bladder and papillary tumours of the bladder and ureters in gibbons (hylobates lar) infected with schistosoma haematobium (iran). | many species of nonhuman primates have been employed to find parasite-definitive host combinations which would allow for investigations on different aspects of schistosomiasis haematobia. gibbons (hylobates lar), exposed to moderate numbers of schistosoma haematobium cercariae, have demonstrated some of the basic features of schistosomiasis haematobia in man. calcification in schistosomiasis haematobia is variable. radiologically evident calcification of the bladder was noted in one gibbon. radi ... | 1975 | 820019 |
| karyotype of the gibbons hylobates lar and h. moloch inversion in chromosome 7. | a karyotype of the gibbon, hylobates, has been prepared based on the chromosome banding patterns produced by quinacrine, trypsin-giemsa, and centromeric heterochromatin stains. the banding patterns of h. lar and h. moloch are virtually identical. no brilliant quinacrine-fluorescent areas are present. the banding pattern of most of the gibbon chromosomes show less resemblance to those of the human, chimpanzee, gorilla, or orangutan than the chromosomes of the higher primates do to each other, sug ... | 1975 | 1183241 |
| [karyotype analysis of 2 species of gibbons (hylobates lar and h. concolor) with different banding species]. | the mitotic chromosomes of two species of gibbons (hylobates lar and h. concolor) are examined and compared, using various banding techniques. these two species have very different karyotypes. at the most, seven pairs of chromosomes have a similar banding pattern. the other elements generally differ by complex structrual rearrangements. thus, it is difficult to propose a scheme for chromosomal evolution at this stage. comparison with the karyotypes of man and anthropoid apes also shows very impo ... | 1975 | 1183240 |
| anti-dnp response in gibbons (hylobates lar). | 1976 | 955673 | |
| successful breeding of the laboratory-housed gibbon (hylobates lar). | a cage was developed which included a squeeze wall for easy handling of the gibbon (hylobates lar) and which provided gibbon breeding pairs with privacy from others of the same species. females living in this environment displayed menstrual and vaginal eversion cycles averaging 30 days (range 22-44). twelve compatible pairs produced eight live infants from 15 conceptions in a 33-month period. two full term stillbirths, two abortions, and three current pregnancies accounted for the other seven co ... | 1977 | 853709 |
| sperm/egg interaction: the specificity of human spermatozoa. | human spermatozoa display unusually limited affinities in their interaction with oocytes of other species. they adhered to and, when capacitated, penetrated the vestments of the oocyte of an ape--the gibbon, hylobates lar--both in vivo and in vitro. on the other hand, human spermatozoa would not even attach to the zona surface of sub-hominoid primate (baboon, rhesus monkey, squirrel monkey), nor to the non-primate eutherian oocytes tested. among the apes the gibbon stands furthest from man. thus ... | 1977 | 409311 |
| experimental lepromatous leprosy in the white-handed gibbon (hylobatus lar): successful inoculation with leprosy bacilli of human origin. | leprosy bacilli of human origin were inoculated into a white-handed gibbon by the i.v. and i.p. routes, and also locally into ears, testis and around an ulnar nerve. the animal was observed closely during a period of nearly 15 years and did not exhibit any clinical evidence of cutaneous or neurological disease. at death, a wide range of tissues was taken for bacterial counts and histological examination, and a disseminated and progressive infection was demonstrated. acid-fast bacilli were found ... | 1978 | 371653 |
| oncornavirus lytic activity in the serum of gibbon apes. | fresh blood serum from normal gibbon apes (hylobates lar) contained heat-sensitive lytic activity for various mammalian oncornaviruses. lytic activity quantitatively similar to that in gibbon serum was demonstrated in serum from three other primate species, including man; it was demonstrated to be low or absent in lower mammalian species with the exception of domestic cats, which had intermediate levels of serum lytic activity. gibbons that acquired infectious gibbon ape leukemia virus, either n ... | 1978 | 203712 |
| experimental infection with schistosoma intercalatum (fisher, 1934) in the chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) and the gibbon (hylobates lar). | two young chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) and two adult gibbons (hylobates lar), each exposed to 1,000 cercariae of schistosoma intercalatum (cameroon), were examined at 79 and 82 wk and 61 and 69 wk, respectively, post-infection. based upon worn returns and tissue egg deposits, these primates can be employed as hosts for experimental schistosomiasis intercalata. however, no histopathology was detected in the urogenital system. | 1978 | 677377 |
| isolation and tissue distribution of type-c virus and viral components from a gibbon ape (hylobates lar) with lymphocytic leukemia. | 1978 | 74897 | |
| fatal strongyloidiasis in gibbons (hylobates lar). | a 6-year retrospective study of necropsy material from a colony of 200 gibbons showed strongyloidiasis to be the most frequent cause of death (24 cases). clinical signs included diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, paralytic ileus and dyspnea. lesions were most frequent in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. in the gut there were erosive and ulcerative enteritis associated with adult female parasites and rhabditiform larvae and acute and granulomatous enterocolitis associated with invading fil ... | 1978 | 625867 |
| habitat quality and populations of two sympatric gibbons (hylobatidae) on a mountain in malaya. | sympatric gibbon species hylobates lar and h. syndactylus were censused on a mountain in malaya (west malaysia). habitat quality was assessed between 380- and 1,525-m altitudes. h. syndactylus was found to occur up to altitudes higher than does h. lar, and this is discussed with reference to the two species' divergent foraging strategies indicated by previous research. it is suggested that gibbons are restricted in their altitudinal range by an increasingly unfavourable ratio of food consumed to ... | 1980 | 7419138 |
| telemetered electromyography of forelimb muscle chains in gibbons (hylobates lar). | electromyographic studies of brachiation in the gibbon controvert deductions, based on dissection, about the purported functions of muscle chains in the hylobatid forelimb. neither force conduction distally along the components of the chains nor simultaneity of muscular contraction occurs in brachiation. rather, the unique structure of the forelimb is probably the result of evolved changes in the short head of biceps brachii to enhance its role as a forearm flexor. | 1980 | 7367886 |
| normal erythrocytic delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in ten nonhuman primate species. | normal data on erythrocytic delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (alad) activity were obtained from ten species of nonhuman primates: tupaia glis, galago crassicaudatus, saimiri sciureus, papio spp., theropithecus gelada, macaca mulatta, macaca fascicularis, macaca nigra, hylobates lar entelloides and pan troglodytes. significant differences between species were observed with m. mulatta having the lowest activity and g. crassicaudatus the highest. pan troglodytes and papio spp. have levels of e ... | 1980 | 7441716 |
| antistreptococcal antibodies, rheumatoid factors and haptoglobin in apes and monkeys. | sera of 157 baboons (papio hamadryas and p. anubis) 21 chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) five orang utans (pongo pygmaeus) three mountain gorillas (gorilla gorilla beringei) and three gibbons (hylobates lar lar) were examined for the content of antistreptolysin o, antidesoxyribonuclease b, for the presence of rheumatoid factors as well as for the level and type of haptoglobin. the mean antistreptolysin o titer (ast) in baboons was 106 asu +/- 18 in dextransulfate absorbed sera ("real" ast) and 182 a ... | 1980 | 6775442 |
| unilateral hypoplasia of the palate and associated structures in a white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar). | a hole in the palate was detected in a ten-day-old white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar). the clinical observations demonstrated a unilateral hypoplasia of the palate, of the maxilla, of a tooth, and of the adjacent facial musculature and skin. | 1981 | 7343673 |
| fatal herpesvirus hominis encephalitis in a white-handed gibbon. | 1982 | 6294039 | |
| [comparative karyotyping of our gibbon species or subspecies (author's transl)]. | the karyotypes of several hylobatidae hylobates (hylobates) lar pileatus, h. (nomascus) concolor leucogenys, h. (n.) concolor ssp, hybrid h. (n.) concolor leucogenys x h. (n.) concolor gabriellae, h (symphalangus) syndactylus are compared both each others and also to those of other primates. many rearrangements of their chromosomes have occurred during their evolution, and some polymorphism still exists in the living species. this high rate of chromosome rearrangements is in contrast with their ... | 1982 | 6979300 |
| one-armed brachiation in gibbons (hylobates lar). | the locomotor and postural behavior of hylobates lar was studied in a seminaturalistic environment at the new york zoological park. a particular locomotor pattern, one-armed brachiation, was observed and filmed. analysis indicated that the occurrence of one-armed brachiation as a preferred locomotor pattern was rare and was limited to the carrying of food. the limb and joint movements of one-armed brachiation closely resembled those of two-armed brachiation with differences occurring in the angu ... | 1982 | 31991983 |
| epizootic of parainfluenza-3 virus infection in gibbons. | a laboratory-housed breeding colony of white-handed gibbons (hylobates lar) experienced an epizootic of upper respiratory tract disease characterized by lethargy, anorexia, coughing, and serous rhinorrhea. signs were more severe in adults than in offspring, and all animals recovered without complications. base-line, acute, and convalescent sera from the most severely affected gibbons were tested for antibodies against a wide spectrum of infectious agents. for personnel known to have had contact ... | 1983 | 6315655 |
| septic abortion caused by salmonella heidelberg in a white-handed gibbon. | 1983 | 6643263 | |
| inheritance of stereotyped gibbon calls. | little is known about how vocal patterns develop in non-human primates, mainly because suitable controlled experiments are difficult to carry out on these animals. results of isolation experiments and observations of interspecific hybrids suggest no greater role for vocal learning than exists in many other vertebrates, and less than has been found in birds. we have now studied vocal patterns of hybrids between white-handed gibbons (hylobates lar) and pileated gibbons (hylobates pileatus) in natu ... | 1984 | 6542175 |
| individual and evolutionary variation of primate ribosomal dna transcription initiation regions. | a 16-kilobase region surrounding the transcription initiation site for ribosomal dna and including the entire ribosomal dna transcription unit has been characterized in man and compared in higher primates. restriction analysis of ribosomal dna from the pygmy chimpanzee (pan paniscus), the common chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), the gorilla (gorilla gorilla), the orangutan (pongo pygmaeus), the gibbon (hylobates lar), and the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) allows a primate phylogeny to be constructe ... | 1984 | 6599965 |
| [kinesiologic studies of brachiation in white-hand gibbons (hylobates lar)]. | 1984 | 6485502 | |
| differential detectability of primates between primary and selectively logged habitats and implications for population surveys. | much information has been published concerning the accurary of various techniques commonly used for censusing primates. the sources of bias may vary according to the technique used. accuracy may depend on population density as well as on differential visibility and hence detectability between areas. this paper provides evidence that primates may alter their behavior between areas of primary and selectively logged habitat, which in turn could affect census results. adoption of cryptic behavior, c ... | 1985 | 31986823 |
| songs of hybrid gibbons (hylobates lar × h. muelleri). | two hybrid offspring, one male and one female, were produced by a hylobates muelleri female mated to a hylobates lar male at micke grove zoo, lodi, california. songs of the hybrids were studied at adulthood and compared to the parental-type songs. the hybrid female song is uniquely different from either parental type. the hybrid male song resembles the male song of h. lar, but contains an element that may be unique to h. muelleri. the study demonstrates the utility of sound-spectographic analysi ... | 1985 | 31986810 |
| auditory brainstem and middle latency responses in non-human primates. | auditory brainstem (abr) and middle latency responses (mlr) were obtained from each ear in 8 crab-eating macaques, 4 white-handed gibbons, 4 siamangs and 2 orangutans. macaques ranged in age from 5 days to 15 years with the 6 older animals in age-matched, male-female pairs. from each animal, latency-intensity functions were obtained and multiple mlr recordings were measured at 60 and 70 db. latency-intensity functions, interwave intervals, thresholds and percent detectability were calculated for ... | 1985 | 4019328 |
| evolution of four human y chromosomal unique sequences. | four cloned unique sequences from the human y chromosome, two of which are found only on the y chromosome and two of which are on both the x and y chromosomes, were hybridized to restriction enzyme-treated dna samples of a male and a female chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), gorilla (gorilla gorilla), and pig-tailed macaque (macaca nemestrina); and a male orangutan (pongo pygmaeus) and gibbon (hylobates lar). one of the human y-specific probes hybridized only to male dna among the humans and great ap ... | 1987 | 2822940 |
| rabies vaccination of captive white-handed gibbons potentially exposed to wild rabies virus. | 1987 | 3695407 | |
| evolution of immunoglobulin allotypes and phylogeny of apes. | serum samples from 72 pan troglodytes, 5 pan paniscus, 22 gorilla gorilla, 23 pongo pygmaeus abelii, 5 pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus, 2 hybrids p.p. abelii x p.p. pygmaeus and 13 hylobates lar were tested for gm(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 28), km(1) and bm(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) immunoglobulin allotypes by the classical hemagglutination inhibition method. the distribution of the various alleles and phenotypes makes it possible to distinguish each species or subspecies. common ... | 1987 | 3504421 |
| do line-transect surveys systematically underestimate primate densities in logged forests? | the rate at which social groups of primates are encountered in disturbed rain forest may be biased relative to undisturbed rain forest. a recently reported case study revealed a 25% reduction in postlogging raw encounter rates even though the true density of primates remained at the prelogging level. if biased raw encounter rates are typical of disturbed forests, and if they translate into equally biased line-transect density estimates, results of many comparative surveys might prove misleading ... | 1987 | 31973482 |
| cell-mediated immune response toward viral envelope and core antigens in gibbon apes (hylobates lar) chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1. | the specific cellular immune response toward envelope and core proteins of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) was investigated in gibbon apes chronically infected with the htlv-iiib isolate. after in vitro stimulation of pbmc from infected and control animals with hiv-1 ag, dna synthesis, il-2r expression and il-2 release were assayed. cells from infected gibbon apes demonstrated a group-specific response toward whole virus preparations from three divergent hiv-1 isolates (htlv-iiib, htlv-ii ... | 1988 | 3262661 |
| back muscle function during bipedal walking in chimpanzee and gibbon: implications for the evolution of human locomotion. | the evolution of erect posture and locomotion continues to be a major focus of interest among paleoanthropologists and functional morphologists. to date, virtually all of our knowledge about the functional role of the back muscles in the evolution of bipedalism is based on human experimental data. in order to broaden our evolutionary perspective on the vertebral region, we have undertaken an electromyographic (emg) analysis of three deep back muscles (multifidus, longissimus thoracis, iliocostal ... | 1988 | 3207169 |
| functional analysis of the biceps femoris muscle during locomotor behavior in some primates. | in order to investigate a correlation between morphological variations of the biceps femoris muscle and its homologues in four primate species (japanese macaque, spider monkey, white-handed gibbon, and chimpanzee) and each type of species-specific locomotor behavior, i carried out both morphological and functional analyses of these muscles. the description of the level of insertion reveals interspecific variation is in the level of crural attachment, especially in species with a bicipital biceps ... | 1989 | 2504047 |
| molecular history of gene conversions in the primate fetal gamma-globin genes. nucleotide sequences from the common gibbon, hylobates lar. | comparative and phylogenetic analyses of homologous sequences from closely related species reveal genetic events which have happened in the past and thus provide considerable insight into molecular genetic processes. one such process which has been especially important in the evolution of multigene families is gene conversion. the fetal gamma 1 and gamma 2-globin genes of catarrhine primates (humans, apes, and old world monkeys) underwent numerous gene conversion events after they arose from a g ... | 1990 | 2295619 |
| eosinophilic meningoencephalitis due to angiostrongylus cantonensis as the cause of death in captive non-human primates. | fatal eosinophilic meningoencephalitis due to angiostrongylus cantonensis is reported in captive non-human primates. a howler monkey (alouatta caraya) at the audubon park and zoological gardens, new orleans, la, died 21 days after initial clinical symptoms. a white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar) died at the ardastra gardens and zoo, nassau, bahamas, 17 days after onset of symptoms. both had access to free-ranging gastropods within the zoos. these are the first reported cases of natural infection ... | 1990 | 2301708 |
| the involucrin gene of the gibbon: the middle region shared by the hominoids. | the evolution of the anthropoid involucrin gene has resulted largely from a process of vectorial addition of short tandem repeats. the coding region of the involucrin gene of the gibbon (hylobates lar), including the segment of repeats, has been cloned and sequenced, and its repeat structure can now be compared with that of the other hominoids. in the gibbon, as in the others, repeat additions in the past can be assigned to early, middle, and late regions of the present-day segment of repeats. a ... | 1990 | 2359362 |
| hand preferences in captive gorillas, orang-utans and gibbons. | hand preference was assessed in 12 gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla), 13 orang-utans (pongo pygmaeus abelii), and 9 gibbons (hylobates lar) by using a floor retrieval task and a mesh retrieval task. hand preference was also assessed in 8 gorillas and 8 orang-utans by using a task involving the unfastening of a hasp. a bipedal requirement during testing (mesh retrieval task) facilitated detection of hand preferences. a significant left-hand preference was found for the gibbons with 6 of 6 gibbon ... | 1990 | 31963993 |
| reassessment of age of sexual maturity in gibbons (hylobates spp.). | from studies of both wild and captive animals, gibbons are thought to reach sexual maturity at about 6 to 8 years of age, and the siamang (hylobates syndactylus) at about 8 to 9 years. however, a review of the literature reveals that in most cases the exact age of the maturing animals was not known and had to be estimated. this study presents seven case reports on captive gibbons of known age. captive males of the white-cheeked crested gibbon (h. leucogenys leucogenys) and of the siamang (h. syn ... | 1991 | 31952414 |
| molecular evolution of the psi eta-globin gene locus: gibbon phylogeny and the hominoid slowdown. | an 8.4-kb genomic region spanning both the psi eta-globin gene locus and flanking dna was sequenced from the common gibbon (hylobates lar). in addition, sequencing of the entire orthologous region from galago (galago crassicaudatus) was completed. the gibbon and galago sequences, along with published orthologous sequences from 10 other species, were aligned. these noncoding nucleotide sequences represented four human alleles, four apes (chimpanzee, gorilla, organgutan, and gibbon), an old world ... | 1991 | 2046542 |
| reconstruction of genomic rearrangements in great apes and gibbons by chromosome painting. | the homology between hylobatid chromosomes and other primates has long remained elusive. we used chromosomal in situ suppression hybridization of all human chromosome-specific dna libraries to "paint" the chromosomes of primates and establish homologies between the human, great ape (chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan), and gibbon karyotypes (hylobates lar species group, 2n = 44). the hybridization patterns unequivocally demonstrate the high degree of chromosomal homology and synteny of great ape ... | 1992 | 1528869 |
| tandemly duplicated alpha globin genes of gibbon. | the alpha globin gene locus of the common gibbon (hylobates lar) was isolated, and it contains two closely linked alpha globin genes that share the same arrangement as that found for the homologous genes of other catarrhine primates. the nucleotide sequences of the gibbon alpha globin genes were determined and compared with the alpha globin gene sequences from other primate species (human, chimpanzee, orangutan, baboon, and rhesus); the prosimian primate, galago, alpha a and alpha b globin genes ... | 1992 | 1526980 |
| interactions between lar gibbons and pig-tailed macaques at fruit sources. | interactions are reported between white-handed gibbons (hylobates lar) and pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) in khao yai national park, thailand, in which gibbons selected ripe fruit from sources before macaques arrived on 4 occasions during june and july of 1989. the macaques foraged near gibbons or from shared fruit sources during 13% of gibbon observation time. gibbons made their presence known in fruit trees when macaques approached on 3 occasions and macaques did not enter fruit trees ... | 1992 | 31948171 |
| the external genitalia of female gibbons, hylobates (h.) lar. | the external genitalia of one perimenarcheal and five adult female white handed-gibbons (hylobates (h.) lar) were examined to clarify their gross anatomy. it was found that the vulval structures were complex and exhibited inter-individual variation in arrangement. this complexity appears to result from an ontogenetic process by which the tissues of the vaginal rim (the labia minora) bud-off and extrude extensions toward the vagina immediately prior and subsequent to menarche. two of these lobula ... | 1992 | 1554106 |
| lethal territorial aggression in a white-handed gibbon. | during an intergroup conflict an adult male white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar) from one group was attacked and wounded by the adult male of a neighboring group. the wounded male's calling behavior, general activity level, feeding, and participation in territorial defense declined dramatically in the days following the injury as he instead spent long periods resting and tending the wound. the normal and healthy appearance of this male prior to injury, the circumstances of the fight that caused t ... | 1993 | 31936991 |
| [correlations between feet posture and muscle fiber size in mammals--comparison of the anterior tibial muscle fiber among plantigrade type, digitigrade type and unguligrade type]. | the size (micron2) of red muscle fibers (type 1), white muscle fibers (type 2) and intermediate muscle fibers (type 3) was quantitatively determined in cross-sectional areas of the venter of the anterior tibial muscle in the plantigrade type, digitigrade type and unguligrade type using 122 individuals of 15 species in 5 orders, and correlations between the type of locomotion and muscle fiber size were analyzed from a comparative anatomical viewpoint. regardless of species, red muscle fibers with ... | 1993 | 8160529 |
| primate phylogeny studied by comparative determinant analysis. a preliminary report. | in this preliminary report the divergence times for the major primate groups are given, calculated from a study by comparative determinant analysis of 69 proteins (equaling 0.1% of the whole genetic information). with an origin of the primate order set at 80 million years before present, the ages of the last common ancestors (lcas) of man and the major primate groups obtained this way are as follows: pan troglodytes 5.2; gorilla gorilla 7.4; pongo pygmaeus 19.2; hylobates lar 20.3; old world mon ... | 1993 | 8398202 |
| evolution of pro-protamine p2 genes in primates. | protamines p1 and p2 form a family of small basic peptides that represent the major sperm proteins in placental mammals. in human and mouse protamine p2 is one of the most abundant sperm proteins. the protamine p2 gene codes for a p2 precursor, pro-p2 which is later processed by proteolytic cleavages in its n-terminal region to form the mature p2 protamines. we have used polymerase chain amplification to directly sequence the pro-p2 genes of the five major primate families: red howler (alouatta ... | 1993 | 8513810 |
| unique pres sequence in a gibbon-derived hepatitis b virus variant. | a unique hepatitis b virus (hbv) variant has been identified in a gibbon (hylobates lar) which could be passed to a chimpanzee by experimental inoculation. this hbv variant had been shown to have no reactivity to a monoclonal anti-pres2 antibody (pres2 mab 116-34) differentiating it from all human hbv specimens tested. this gibbon sera also was not recognized by an anti-pres1 mab which binds the pres1 hepatocyte receptor region, amino acids 27-35. in this paper, we report the dna sequence of the ... | 1993 | 8363598 |
| comparative high-resolution mapping of human and primate chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | a molecular cytogenetic approach that facilitates high-resolution comparative mapping of defined human genes in different primate species is presented. fluorescence in situ hybridization and digital imaging microscopy were used to visualize human dna probes on simultaneously banded or "painted" metaphase chromosomes of great apes (pan troglodytes, gorilla gorilla, pongo pygmaeus), hylobatids (hylobates lar and hylobates syndactylus), and old world monkeys (macaca fuscata and cercopithecus aethio ... | 1993 | 8288242 |
| coraco-clavicular joint: normal variant in humans. a radiographic demonstration in the human and non-human primate. | the coraco-clavicular joint is a true synovial joint that may become painful in some patients after trauma. among the descriptions of this entity is the assertion that the coraco-clavicular joint is routinely seen in gorillas and gibbons. we undertook to assess the incidence of this variant among gorillas, gibbons, and other non-human primates. all available radiographs of large primates performed at the international wildlife conservation park/bronx zoo (iwcp) over the past 10 years were review ... | 1994 | 8191295 |
| incisor microwear of sumatran anthropoid primates. | several studies have suggested that incisor microwear reflects diet and feeding adaptations of anthropoids. however, such studies have been largely qualitative, and interpretations have relied on anecdotal references to diet and tooth use reported in the socioecology literature. the current study relates incisor microwear in four anthropoid primates to specific ingestive behaviors and food types. central incisor casts of wild-shot museum specimens of hylobates lar, macaca fascicularis, pongo pyg ... | 1994 | 7943190 |
| phylogenetic relationships among homo sapiens and related species based on restriction site variations in rdna spacers. | a rapid method, using 12 restriction enzymes, was employed to analyze variations in ribosomal dna (rdna) spacers in a study of phylogenetic relationships between homo sapiens and related species. we mapped restriction sites in the external and internal spacer regions and compared the arrangements of sites. the estimated sequence divergence between homo sapiens and pan troglodytes, pan paniscus, gorilla gorilla, pongo pygmaeus, hylobates lar, h. agilis, and macaca fuscata was 2.7, 2.3, 3.8, 7.3, ... | 1994 | 7826313 |
| [interspecific outbreaks of dermatomycoses +caused by microsporum canis and microsporum gypseum]. | dermatomycosis in domestic animals are important zoonosis in view of the fact that they maintain close contact with human beings. seven ringworm outbreaks are here described, one of m. gypseum involving a cat and a women and the remainder of m. canis involving 20 human beings (adults, young people and children), 5 dogs, 16 cats and a gibbon-monkey (hylobates lar). | 1994 | 7660034 |
| patterns of ingestive behavior and anterior tooth use differences in sympatric anthropoid primates. | little research has been directed towards the examination of ingestive behaviors in wild primates. this paper describes a naturalistic study of anterior tooth use in four sympatric anthropoid species: hylobates lar, macaca fascicularis, pongo pygmaeus, and presbytis thomasi. instantaneous group scan data were collected during nearly 1,800 hours of observation between august 1990 and july 1991 at the ketambe research station in the gunung leuser national park, sumatra, indonesia. ingestive behavi ... | 1994 | 7802096 |
| immunohistochemical and morphologic features of a cecal adenocarcinoma in a white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar). | 1995 | 7536983 | |
| neonatal weight in gibbons (hylobates spp.). | neonatal and birth weights of gibbons have mostly been reported for single individuals, and larger samples (n = 2-8) have apparently been published for only two species of gibbons (hylobates lar and h. syndactylus). in addition, a critical examination of the few published neonatal weights of gibbons shows that several of them should not be used. neonatal weights are here defined as weights taken on infants up to seven days old, whereas birth weights include only those taken on the day of birth. ... | 1995 | 31936947 |
| ontogeny and the evolution of adult body size dimorphism in apes. | this analysis investigates the ontogeny of body size dimorphism in apes. the processes that lead to adult body size dimorphism are illustrated and described. potential covariation between ontogenetic processes and socioecological variables is evaluated. mixed-longitudinal growth data from 395 captive individuals (representing hylobates lar [gibbon], hylobates syndactylus [siamang], pongo pygmaeus [orangutan], gorilla gorilla [gorilla], pan paniscus [pygmy chimpanzee], and pan troglodytes ["commo ... | 1995 | 31924084 |
| comparative mapping of the immunoglobulin c epsilon 1 gene (ighe) in five species of nonhuman primates by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | the orthologous immunoglobulin c epsilon 1 gene (ighe) of the common chimpanzee, pygmy chimpanzee, orangutan, white-handed gibbon, and japanese macaque was assigned to the human chromosome 14 homologue in each species and regionally mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization to ptr15q32 (common chimpanzee), ppa15q32 (pygmy chimpanzee), ppy15q32 (orangutan), hla17qter (white-handed gibbon), and mfu7q29 (japanese macaque). the gene localized to the terminal region of the chromosome in each speci ... | 1995 | 7789180 |
| chromosomal painting shows that "marked chromosomes" in lesser apes and old world monkeys are not homologous and evolved by convergence. | cytogeneticists have long held that the single pair of metacentric, nor-bearing "marked chromosomes" in lesser apes (hylobatidae) and old world monkeys (cercopithecidae) are homologous. hylobatids have sometimes been excluded from hominoidea (great apes and humans) and phylogenetically allied with the lower primates, primarily on the basis of this shared "trait." however, in situ hybridization of human chromosome-specific dna probes to chromosomes of hylobates lar, h. syndactylus, h. concolor, c ... | 1995 | 7956365 |
| comparative fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of primate chromosomes with alu polymerase chain reaction generated probes from human/rodent somatic cell hybrids. | we have used alu polymerase chain reaction generated probes from rearranged human/rodent somatic cell hybrids for fluorescence in situ hybridization and comparative mapping of some intrachromosomal changes in the karyotypes of great apes (pan troglodytes, p. paniscus, gorilla gorilla, pongo pygmaeus), a gibbon (hylobates lar), and an old world monkey (macaca fuscata). probes containing chromosomes 2 and 18 fragments confirmed inversions already suggested by the banding pattern of great ape homol ... | 1996 | 8653267 |
| interspecific variation at the y-linked rps4y locus in hominoids: implications for phylogeny. | within- and between-species variation in restriction endonuclease recognition sites was examined at the y-linked rps4y locus of six hominoid species: human (homo sapiens), gorilla (gorilla gorilla), chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), bonobo (pan paniscus), orangutan (pongo pygmaeus), and gibbon (hylobates lar). rps4y is an expressed gene that maps to the non-recombining region of the y chromosome. an approximately 1,490 base pair fragment of the rps4y gene, including all of intron 3, was amplified by ... | 1996 | 8922180 |
| molecular features of the tspy gene of gibbons and old world monkeys. | restriction pattern, chromosome localization and the sequence of the testis-specific gene, tspy, were investigated in the white-handed gibbon, agile gibbon, siamang, hamadryas baboon and japanese monkey. southern blot analysis showed the tspy gene to be male specific in the primates used and disclosed variability of restriction pattern in gibbons. fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated that the probe pptspy2372, biotinylated using polymerase chain reaction, is located as a slight signal ... | 1996 | 8939361 |
| molecular anatomy of human chromosome 9: comparative mapping of the immunoglobulin processed pseudogene c epsilon 3 (ighep2) in primates. | karyotypic homology in relation to human chromosome 9 (hsa 9) was studied through comparative mapping of the immunoglobulin-processed pseudogene c epsilon 3 (ighep2) in primates. ighep2, which has been mapped to 9p24.2 --> p24.1 in the human genome, was assigned to ptr 11q34 (common chimpanzee), ppa 11q34 (pygmy chimpanzee), ppy 13q16 (orangutan), hla 8qter (white-handed gibbon), hag 8qter (agile gibbon), and mfu 14q22 (japanese macaque) by fluorescence in situ hybridization. to verify the break ... | 1996 | 8646893 |
| relationship of incisor size to diet and anterior tooth use in sympatric sumatran anthropoids. | researchers often relate anthropoid incisor size to diet and ingestive behaviors. it is suggested that primates that frequently consume large, tough foods (i.e., fruits) require large incisors to process these items. this idea has been difficult to test because of a lack of data on anterior tooth use in wild primates, and a lack of understanding concerning the relationships between food properties and ingestive behaviors. the first field study of primate ingestive behaviors has recently been com ... | 1996 | 31918473 |
| a dynamic force and moment analysis system for brachiation. | we describe a transducer system and analysis strategy that allows the determination of dynamic forces and moments applied by an arm-swinging animal during locomotion. we have employed readily available technology and analysis procedures to produce a low-cost but effective system. the solutions to several problems in the design of the system are provided, and the functional characteristics of the system are demonstrated using both an inert pendulum and an actively brachiating gibbon (hylobates la ... | 1997 | 9359890 |
| inter- and intraspecific variation in the diets of sympatric siamang (hylobates syndactylus) and lar gibbons (hylobates lar). | studies of the siamang (hylobates syndactylus continentis) and the lar gibbon (hylobates lar lar) where they co-occur in mainland asia have demonstrated interspecific dietary segregation based on body size and have suggested that observed levels of frugivory represent metabolically based maxima for these species. i studied sympatric groups of siamang (h. s. syndactylus) and lar gibbons (h. l. vestitus) at ketambe in northern sumatra (indonesia) in order to assess the magnitude of within- and bet ... | 1997 | 9375367 |
| phylogenetic analysis of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in mammalian species argues for the development of a rabbit model for cystic fibrosis. | the species-specific pattern of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) expression was investigated in order to identify species closely related to man which can be used as potential cystic fibrosis (cf) animal models. to this purpose, the nucleotide sequences of the cftr promoter region of eight mammalian species representing four different orders (primates, artiodactyla, lagomorpha and rodentia) were analyzed. distance matrices and unrooted trees of the cftr promoter region ... | 1997 | 9100367 |
| molecular origin of the mosaic sequence arrangements of higher primate alpha-globin duplication units. | the human adult alpha-globin locus consists of three pairs of homology blocks (x, y, and z) interspersed with three nonhomology blocks (i, ii, and iii), and three alu family repeats, alu1, alu2, and alu3. it has been suggested that an ancient primate alpha-globin-containing unit was ancestral to the x, y, and z and the alu1/alu2 repeats. however, the evolutionary origin of the three nonhomologous blocks has remained obscure. we have now analyzed the sequence organization of the entire adult alph ... | 1997 | 9144211 |
| survey of maximum ctg/cag repeat lengths in humans and non-human primates: total genome scan in populations using the repeat expansion detection method. | repeat expansion detection (red) is an efficient and simple method for detecting repeat expansions in the human genome, including expansion mutations resulting in disease. here we report the first population survey of ctg/cag repeat lengths in humans using the red method; we have determined maximum ctg/cag repeat length in 244 individuals from six human populations: danes, chinese, japanese, rondonian surui, maya and mbuti/biaka pygmies. we have also sampled a number of non-human primates includ ... | 1997 | 9147643 |
| sleeping sites, sleeping places, and presleep behavior of gibbons (hylobates lar). | the sleeping habits of wild white-handed gibbons (hylobates lar) were investigated to assess the risk of predation and predation-avoidance behavior. sleeping sites were distributed throughout home ranges, including areas where they overlapped with neighbors, and appeared to be selected independently of habitat characteristics. individuals did not build night nests or otherwise manipulate the vegetation around the sleeping place but slept on open branches. group members usually slept in separate ... | 1998 | 9730212 |
| cerebrospinal nematodiasis in a white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar) due to baylisascaris sp. | an adult white-handed gibbon (hylobates lar) at a zoo in eastern kansas was euthanized after developing a head tremor, generalized motor incoordination, and partial paresis of the right arm that persisted over 2 yr. magnetic resonance imaging early in the course of the disease demonstrated a localized left frontal lobe cerebritis. larvae morphologically consistent with a baylisascaris species were seen in tissue sections of the cerebrum and cerebellum. epizootiologic investigation, which include ... | 1998 | 9732041 |