Publications

neuronal activity of the locus ceruleus in awake macaca arctoides.	neuronal activity in the locus ceruleus of awake, behaving stump-tailed monkeys increased consistently and vigorously after presentation of mildly aversive and threatening stimuli. these preliminary data increase the range of stimuli reported to elicit locus ceruleus activity in awake monkeys to include nonpainful threat signals and suggest that more studies are needed to be able to categorize locus ceruleus function from its unit activity responses.	1984	6723890
simian varicella infection in the african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops).	a severe and highly fatal disease occurred in african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). the disease was marked by an extensive maculo-vesicular rash. in fatal cases, multifocal necrosis and hemorrhage were found characteristically in many organs and tissues. new cases of the disease occurred over a 39-day period. nine of 49 exposed african green monkeys were affected and five of the nine died. four cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) and 31 stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides) which were ex ...	1984	6748606
an inverse relationship between plasma carnitine and triglycerides in selected macaca arctoides and macaca nemistrina fed a low-fat chow diet.	plasma carnitine and triglycerides were measured in five male macaca arctoides and one female macaca nemistrina during the course of feeding a low-fat (5.2% w/w), high carbohydrate diet and a high-fat (15.9% w/w), low carbohydrate diet. for each individual monkey, an inverse relationship was observed between plasma carnitine and triglyceride levels when the low-fat diet was fed but not when the high-fat diet was fed. the mechanism of the different responses to diet was not investigated but may b ...	1984	6467897
isolation and characterization of a papovavirus from cynomolgus macaque kidney cells.	a papovavirus was isolated from uninoculated kidney cell cultures of the cynomolgus macaque (macaca fascicularis), in which it produced extensive cytopathologic changes after prolonged periods of culturing. on basis of virion morphology, genome size, and restriction endonuclease data, this virus was identified as a new isolate of the stump-tailed macaque virus (stmv) and subsequently named ck-strain (cynomolgus kidney) of stmv. without inducing c.p.e. the virus replicated also in bsc-1, vero, hu ...	1984	6324474
characterisation of a polyomavirus in two foetal rhesus monkey kidney cell lines used for the growth of hepatitis a virus.	electron microscopy and prolonged incubation of cell cultures have revealed the presence of a papovavirus in two foetal rhesus monkey kidney cell lines, frhk-4 and frhk-6, which are used to grow hepatitis a virus. the papovavirus, designated frkv, was present in culture fluids from both cell lines and in thin sections of frhk-4 cells. the size of the virus, 47 nm, places frkv within the polyomavirus genus. frkv has been grown in primary human embryo kidney and calf kidney cell cultures. haemaggl ...	1984	6326710
the distribution of serum high density lipoprotein subfractions in non-human primates.	the ultracentrifugal flotation patterns in 1.2 g/ml solvent and ultracentrifugal gradient distribution of high density lipoproteins (hdl) from the primates--human, apes and monkeys--were determined, with emphasis on the gorilla species of apes and rhesus monkeys. diets for non-human primates were commercial chow, which is low in cholesterol. molecular weights and protein, cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride compositions of various density fractions were determined on human, gorilla and rh ...	1984	6438429
ocular blood flow in phakic and aphakic monkey eyes.	alterations in regional ocular blood flow produced by topical epinephrine were studied in phakic and aphakic eyes of macaca arctoides using the radioactive microsphere technique. three isotopes were used to make sequential blood flow measurements just prior to topical epinephrine administration, 1 hr later and 3 hr later. significant reductions of flow were found in the iris, ciliary body, and optic nerve head of both phakic and aphakic groups. choroidal and posterior optic nerve flow decreased ...	1984	6479247
a primate model of human postmenopausal hot flushes.	the hot flush is the only symptom specifically attributable to the menopause. hot flushes appear to represent an episodic derangement of thermoregulation as a result of estrogen deficiency but the underlying physiological mechanisms are unknown. we have developed an animal model for the study of hot flushes. two female monkeys (macaca arctoides) were trained to accept monitoring of scalp cutaneous temperatures. after baseline temperature recordings were obtained both monkeys were ovariectomized. ...	1984	6490799
contrasting effects of d-amphetamine on affiliation and aggression in monkeys.	amphetamine has been observed to alter conditioned or learned behavior in individually housed animals, as well as naturally-occurring behavior characteristic of animals living in groups. this study is concerned with the effects of d-amphetamine on affiliative and aggressive behavior in adult male stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) living in a large, heterogeneous social group. using standardized observational techniques, the affiliative and aggressive behaviors initiated by five adult male mo ...	1984	6538973
effect of treatment for 1 year with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist on ovarian, thyroidal, and adrenal function and menstruation in the stumptailed monkey (macaca arctoides).		1983	6401177
evidence for a bovine origin of the polyomavirus detected in foetal rhesus monkey kidney cells, frhk-4 and -6.	rabbit antisera to the stump-tailed macaque polyomavirus (stmv) which had been shown by immunoelectron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence to react with the polyomavirus found in frhk-4 cells (frkv), also gave precipitin lines in counter-immunoelectrophoresis (cie) and double diffusion in gel (gd) when reacted with frkv. the reactions in gd showed identity with that of a rabbit antiserum to frkv. naturally occurring antibody to frkv (anti-frkv) was found by cie in 48 per cent of 353 cattl ...	1983	6318690
[etiological aspects of leukemias in primates including man].	attempts have been made to induce viral leukemia in monkeys (papio hamadryas and macaca arctoides) by inoculating them with blood from humans with different types of leukemias. in hamadryas baboons, the disease spread horizontally. by today 218 p. hamadryas and 5 m. arctoides monkeys had died of malignant lymphoma. the following viruses have been isolated from sick monkeys: lymphotropic baboon herpes virus (hvp), endogenous baboon c type viruses--xenotropic (biln), and ecotropic (evpg). c type o ...	1983	6318850
hyperkalemia in cardioplegic solutions causing increased cholesterol accumulation in vein grafts.	hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions are frequently infused through vein grafts during aorta-coronary bypass operations. although some reports have suggested the potential for physical damage to grafts by such exposure, the effects of these solutions on graft atherogenesis have not been studied. we evaluated the influence of potassium and colloid content of cardioplegic solutions on graft cholesterol accumulation in our established animal model of graft atherogenesis. fourteen cephalic vein graft ...	1983	6601215
labeled choline and phosphorylcholine: body distribution and brain autoradiography: concise communication.	following intravenous injection of labeled choline or phosphorylcholine in rats and mice, the brain uptake as percent injected dose was less than 0.2% with 6-12% going to kidney and 3-6% to liver. a study of [14c]choline autoradiography in a stump-tailed macaque demonstrated a five- to sixfold greater uptake in gray matter than in white matter. dynamic positron imaging of [11c]choline in a rhesus monkey demonstrated rapid brain uptake followed by rapid washout, with heavy late uptake in muscle. ...	1983	6604143
ascaris-induced bronchoconstriction in primates experimentally infected with ascaris suum ova.	bronchial provocation with ascaris allergen evoked bronchoconstriction in home-bred macaca arctoides monkeys sensitized by experimental infection with embryonated ascaris suum ova. inhalation of ascaris allergen by aerosol prior to infection produced no changes in lung function. in infected animals total lung resistance (rl) increased and dynamic lung compliance (cdyn) decreased following ascaris inhalation. the changes in lung function reached a peak, 2-5 min after allergen inhalation, lasted f ...	1983	6652969
cellular fatty acid and soluble protein profiles of oral fusobacteria.	we compared the cellular fatty acid and protein content of 43 strains of oral fusobacteria isolated from patients with chronic gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and juvenile and adult periodontitis, as well as from the stump-tailed macaque, to that of eight reference strains of oral and non-oral fusobacterium species. a gas-liquid chromatographic examination of trimethylsilyl derivatives of the fatty acid methyl esters revealed n14:0, 3-oh-14:0, n16:0, 16:1, 3-oh-16:0, n18:0, ...	1983	6581193
protection of normal tissues with 2-aminoethylisothiouronium during local pelvic radiation in monkeys.	intestinal and bladder injury are the main limiting factors to radiation therapy in patients with pelvic neoplasms. 2-amino-ethylisothiouronium (aet) is a radiation-protective agent when given systemically but absorbs poorly from the intestines. accordingly, it was explored for the local protection of the bowel and bladder during radiation to the pelvis. radiation localized to the pelvis in various high fractionated doses and various schedules was applied to pairs of stumptailed monkeys (macaca ...	1983	6850597
submitral atheromatous lesions in monkey and man.	posterior submitral recess (psmr) calcification is a common autopsy finding in elderly people, but its pathogenesis is undetermined. in this communication we show that, in part at least, the psmr changes at autopsy are atheroma-like with lipid around the sclerosis and calcific deposits. these changes in the psmr showed a statistically significant correlation with the presence of hypertension and with an autopsy finding of severe coronary atherosclerosis. we showed, for the first time, that simil ...	1983	6851271
plasma and liver carnitine (free and esterified) levels and their interrelationships in moderately hypercholesterolemic monkeys (macaca arctoides).	the level of carnitine and its esters was measured in plasma and liver in 20 male stump-tailed monkeys (macaca arctoides) that were fed a moderately hypercholesterolemic diet. plasma total carnitine was 60 +/- 3 nmol/ml (30% esterified) and liver total carnitine was 254 +/- 15 nmol/g wet weight (16% esterified) or 1.28 +/- 0.07 nmol/mg noncollagen protein. the plasma concentration of total carnitine was positively correlated with the total carnitine concentration of the livers (r = 0.71, p less ...	1983	6883165
efficient isolation of endogenous rhesus retrovirus from trophoblast.	an examination of various rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) organs has shown a preference for type c viral antigen expression in the placenta. separate cocultivations of isolated trophoblasts from 10 rhesus monkey placentas with cell lines from heterologous mammalian species led to rapid isolation of type c rhesus retrovirus in 4 of 10 cases. these four retrovirus isolates have been designated mmc-2 through mmc-5. five of the remaining six sets of cocultivations grew simian foamy virus and were dis ...	1983	6310872
comparative cytogenetic studies in macaca arctoides with other species of macaca and man.	chromosome studies of 5 males and 5 females of the species macaca arctoides from thailand were performed and the g, c and nor banding patterns obtained for comparison with other species of the genus macaca and with the human karyotype. the cytogenetic analysis showed a complement of 42 chromosomes. of the 20 autosomal pairs, 15 are submetacentric and 5 almost metacentric. pair number 9 presents a large secondary constriction, which corresponds to the only nucleolar organizer region of the whole ...	1982	7187236
failure of chronic cigarette smoke exposure to alter plasma lipoproteins of stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).	twenty-one 8-14 kg adult male stumptailed macaques, macaca arctoides, were fed a standard laboratory diet and divided into 3 groups. the high-dose group and low-dose group were exposed to cigarette smoke at the human equivalent of 3 packs and 1 pack per day, respectively, 7 days per week, for 3-5 years. eight animals served as cage an sham controls. peak blood carboxyhemoglobin (cohb) levels measured immediately after smoking showed levels of 0.5+/- 0.1%, 3.6+/-1.0%, and 5.7+/-2.8% for sham cont ...	1982	6951581
characterization of a pentasaccharide in salivary mucin from the stumptail monkey, macaca arctoides.	oligosaccharides were prepared by alkaline cleavage and sodium borotritide reduction. following gel filtration on sephadex g-25, [3h]-oligosaccharides were further fractionated by anion-exchange and preparative paper chromatography. the principal neutral oligosaccharide contained galnacol: glcnac: gal: fuc (1:1:2:1). using a combination of exoglycosidase digestion, periodate oxidation and methylation analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, it structure was determined to be: gal beta 1 ...	1982	6953947
prevention of lipid accumulation in experimental vein bypass grafts by antiplatelet therapy.	the ameliorative effect of antiplatelet therapy on atherogenesis of vein grafts was assessed in autologous cephalic veins grafted into femoral arteries of 16 normolipemic and 11 hyperlipemic stump-tailed macaque monkeys. before grafting, one half of each vein was distended at high pressure (700 mm hg) and the other half at low pressure (350 mm hg). eight normolipemic monkeys were treated with aspirin, 80 mg/day, and dipyridamole, 50 mg/day, and eight were controls. when grafts were harvested at ...	1982	6980060
eye movements of monkeys during discrimination learning: role of visual scanning.	four experiments were conducted on stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides) to determine whether the high levels of visual scanning (shifts in fixation from one discriminative stimulus to the other) seen during discrimination learning play a necessary role in this learning. in experiments 1 and 2, the monkeys were given a series of two-choice, dot-pattern discrimination reversal problems. normal visual scanning before a choice response was allowed during all but the reversal trials of half of the ...	1982	7057143
carnitine metabolism in macaca arctoides: the effects of dietary change and fasting on serum triglycerides, unesterified carnitine, esterified (acyl) carnitine, and beta-hydroxybutyrate.	serum triglycerides and serum total, esterified, and free (unesterified) carnitine were measured in 21 male macaca arctoides that were switched from a low fat (5.2% w/w), high carbohydrate diet to a high fat (15.9% w/w), low carbohydrate diet for 90 days and then returned to the original low fat diet for a subsequent 76-day period. serum triglycerides and total carnitine levels fell significantly (p less than 0.05) during the initial 2 wk of feeding the high fat diet and the ratio of esterified/ ...	1982	7091021
reinnervation of hair follicle end organs and meissner corpuscles in skin grafts of macaques.	plugs of occipital hairy scalp and pieces of digital pads were transplanted to the frontal scalp of stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides). both types of grafts grew well and retained their original appearance for several years. we traced the regrowth and reinnervation of hair follicles and meissner corpuscles in sequential biopsy specimens of these grafts. two weeks after transplantation, hair follicles in the grafts appeared to have lost all integrity but began to regrow after 4 weeks. the n ...	1982	7035577
monoamine distribution in primate brain-iv. indoleamine-containing perikarya in the brain stem of macaca arctoides.	the histochemical fluorescence technique for the demonstration of monoamines in the central nervous system was employed to assess the distribution of serotonin-containing neurons within the brain stem of the immature and adult stump-tailed macaque (macaca arctoides). microspectrofluorometric analysis was performed in order to verify the existence of serotonin within perikarya which contained yellow histofluorescence. serotonin-containing perikarya were found with raphe nuclei including nucleus r ...	1982	7078733
vaginal spermicidal activity of gossypol in the macaca arctoides.		1982	7060775
hypersensitivity pneumonitis in nonhuman primates. i. studies on the relationship of immunoregulation and disease activity.	we investigated the relationship of immunoregulation to disease activity in a nonhuman primate model of pigeon breeder's disease. two macaca arctoides monkeys developed classical symptoms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis after sensitization and prolonged bronchial challenge, whereas 2 other monkeys remained asymptomatic after in vivo challenge. there were no differences in the percentages of t cells, b cells, monocytes, or fc gamma-bearing t cells between symptomatic and asymptomatic animals. non ...	1982	6172473
studies on platelet aggregation inhibitors in vivo. x. relationship to thrombolysis.	human labeled fibrin clots were inserted into femoral veins of stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides). thrombolysis was slightly increased by treatment with the platelet aggregation inhibitor pentoxifylline. this agent significantly potentiated the thrombolytic effect of urokinase activated human plasminogen. pentoxifylline was also found to release plasminogen activator activity into the circulation.	1982	6221055
hydroxylation of hexobarbital and benzo[a]pyrene by hepatic microsomes isolated from the fetal stumptailed monkey (macaca arctoides). a developmental study.		1982	7082369
a statistical analysis of the social behavior of the male stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides).	the social behavior of male stumptail macaques was analyzed in terms of behavioral sequences recorded during paired encounters in a large test cage. recurrent patterns of behavioral sequences were sought and used to hypothesize the structure of motivational systems of social behavior as has been done previously for other species. in addition to traditional statistical analyses to determine which dyadic behavioral sequences were nonrandom, there were several methodological innovations. instead of ...	1982	32192238
venipuncture and vaginal swabbing in an enclosure occupied by a mixed-sex group of stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).	procedures are described for vaginal swabbing and venipuncture in a gang-caged, mixed-sex group of stumptailed macaques. the design of the gang cages facilitated venipuncture and swabbing which were done without undue disturbance of the vivarium routine, without seriously stressing colony members, and without interfering with the monkeys' established social relationships.	1982	31995904
the effectiveness of sampling methods in detecting copulatory behavior in macaca arctoides.	the copulatory behavior of a social group of 18 stumptail macaques was observed for 171 hours over a period of 5 months. the occurrence of copulation and several quantitative measures of copulation were compared using sampling periods of 2 hours daily and continuous dawn-to-dusk observation. in this environment copulation was found to occur in brief bouts of relatively short duration. copulation was detected on 34% of the days observed with 2 hr sampling and 100% of the days with dtd sampling. t ...	1981	31995908
sertoli-leydig cell communication via an lhrh-like factor.	the primary function of the testosterone secreted by leydig cells is the maintenance of spermatogenesis and hence fertility. this action of testosterone is mediated by the sertoli cells which nourish and support the developing spermatozoa. as normal sertoli cell function is so critically dependent on normal leydig cell function, a regulatory influence of the sertoli cells on the leydig cells has been suggested. indeed, follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh), which acts only on sertoli cells, can als ...	1981	6261155
catechol estrogen formation in placental and fetal tissues of humans, macaques, rats and rabbits.	placental and fetal tissues obtained from humans, monkeys, rats and rabbits contained monooxygenases capable of catalyzing the formation of catechol estrogens. treatments of pregnant rats with phenobarbital, aroclor 1254, or 3-methylcholanthrene each increased measured rates of catechol estrogen formation in placentas, fetal brains and fetal livers, while other rat tissues exhibited either increased or decreased activity. treatment of pregnant rabbits with arocolor 1254 produced an increase in c ...	1981	6265171
structural homology of the major internal proteins of endogeneous type c viruses of two distantly related species of old world monkeys: macaca arctoides and colobus polykomos.		1981	6274085
acute gastric dilation and rupture in macaca arctoides associated with clostridium perfringens.	a clinical case of gastric dilation and rupture is described in an adult male macaca arctoides. clostridium perfringens was isolated from the heart blood and liver. data collected from our macaque colony for 13 years indicated a mortality rate of 3.5% due to acute dilation.	1981	6283084
direct measurement of loads at the temporomandibular joint in macaca arctoides.	this paper describes a novel technique of directly measuring loads at the condyle in macaca arctoides and provides recordings on one animal while measuring loads at the tmj. this study is the first to actually measure loads directly at the articulating surfaces of the condyle. the data collected in this study confirm hylander's data that the tmj is a stress-bearing joint. with this pilot study, observations which can be made are: 1) the loads at the condyle are minimal during posterior chewing o ...	1981	6944346
chemical castration with cyproterone acetate (androcur) and sexual behavior in the laboratory-housed male stumptailed macaque (macaca arctoides).		1981	6459586
psorergatic mange (acari:psorergatidae) of the stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides).	psorergates (psorobia) sp were recovered from dermal cysts on the face, chest, and abdomen of three stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) in a breeding colony of research animals. the lesions were multiple and appeared as white, crusted structures measuring 2 to 10 mm in diameter. these lesions were not associated with pruritus or other clinical symptoms. the mites were embedded in the epidermis and associated with mild hyperkeratosis. a few mononuclear leukocytes were present in the dermal and ...	1981	7253556
ultrastructure of differentiating preameloblasts from tooth germs of the permanent dentition of macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides.	cytodifferentiation of inner enamel epithelium and the adjacent connective tissue from the tip of the cervical loop to the initiation of enamel elaboration in two macaca species was examined. ten- to twelve-month-old specimens were fixed by perfusion and the permanent tooth buds were prepared for transmission electron microscopy. at the cervical loop proper, inner enamel epithelium cells have lobed nuclei, a paucity of cytoplasm, and wide extracellular spaces; the basal lamina facing the dental ...	1981	6799172
effect of oestrogen on gonadotrophin release in stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides) treated chronically with an agonist analogue of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.	nine adult female stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides) treated chronically with daily s.c. injections of d-ser(but)6,des-gly10,proethylamide9, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lh-rh agonist) to inhibit ovulation, were tested for their ability to respond to an oestrogen provocation test (positive feedback). on two occasions during treatment with the lh-rh agonist (first test between 10 and 35 weeks after treatment had started; second test between 30 and 60 weeks after) the animals were gi ...	1981	6799604
characterization of sulphated monosaccharides from stumptail monkey (macaca arctoides) salivary mucin.		1981	6946739
determinants of sexual behavior of macaca arctoides in a laboratory colony.	copulatory behavior of wild-born individually caged laboratory stumptail monkeys (macaca arctoides) was investigated. the monkeys were paired daily for 20 min, and altogether 536 pairings were observed. the influence of the female's menstrual cycle and social factors of male sexual activity was determined. the reactions of the other monkeys during a pairing, and masturbation behavior of the males were observed and described. it was found that when a male and female were paired daily their sexual ...	1981	7195697
early detection of pregnancy in rhesus and stump-tailed macaques (macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides). evaluation of two radioimmunoassays and a hemagglutination inhibition test.	chorionic gonadotropin (mcg) in serum and urine of monkeys was determined by a radioimmunoassay and hemagglutination inhibition (hai subhuman primate tube test for pregnancy). hai-positive pregnancy tests coincided fully with the mcg excretion patterns as determined by ria (olh beta system). the least reliable system was the hcg-beta ria. the hai test allowed accurate prediction of the parturition date.	1981	7343666
characterization of a simian foamy virus isolated from a spontaneous primate lymphoma.	examination of tissues from a stump-tailed monkey (macaca arctoides) with a spontaneous lymphoid malignancy by light and electron microscopy confirmed the presence of a diffuse lymphoma of intermediate cell type. membranes showed positivity with anti-ia-like antisera and negativity with all other markers. in vitro cocultivation of affected tissues resulted in the isolation of an agent found to have properties idenitical to those described for simian foamy virus type 1. there was no evidence for ...	1981	7345142
immune response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin and oral actinomyces viscosus antigens in macaca arctoides.	the humoral and cell-mediated immune response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin and antigens from a monkey oral strain of actinomyces viscosus were investigated in macaca arctoides. prior to immunization no responses were detected. immunization resulted in the production of antibodies to both antigen preparations, the development of a positive skin test and significant stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes using the in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis technique. furthermore, these responses were ...	1981	6939831
establishment of a breeding colony of stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides).		1981	7197315
primary structure of the active tryptic fragments of human and monkey salivary anionic proline-rich proteins.	the primary structures of the four human salivary anionic proline-rich proteins and an analogous protein from the saliva of a monkey (macaca arctoides) have been further investigated. these proteins possess the unusual property of inhibiting crystal growth of calcium phosphate salts, and it has been proposed that they play an important role in the mouth, by preventing precipitation of calcium phosphate salts from the supersaturated saliva. the tryptic fragments responsible for this activity have ...	1981	7228490
postcoital, vaginal, spermicidal potency of formulations: the macaca arctoides (stumptailed macaque) as animal model.	the macaca arctoides (stumptailed macaque) was found to be a good animal model for determining the postcoital spermicidal activity of vaginal preparations. the stumptailed macaque is easy to handle, so formulations can be inserted correctly into the vagina just before coitus. the male mates rapidly, and the entire test can be completed within 5 to 10 minutes, minimizing all extraneous factors other than those inherent to the reproductive tract and the coital act. data from postcoital breeding ex ...	1981	7250395
cervical mucus penetration test for in vitro assay of vaginal contraceptive agents.	an in vitro penetration test employing bovine cervical mucosa to evaluate vaginal contraceptives is presented. its usefulness for the evaluation of the potency of a formulation in preventing sperm penetration was assessed by comparison of five commercially available preparations, with the use of both human and primate spermatozoa. the results were compared with those obtained with a spermicidal test (sander-cramer method) and in vivo with the use of the primate macaca arctoides. analysis of the ...	1981	7286275
annual plasma testosterone cycle and ejaculatory ability in the laboratory-housed crab-eating macaque (macaca fascicularis).	six fertile and healthy adult macaca fascicularis males were studied. radioimmunological assay of the plasma testosterone, sampled without anesthesia in the afternoon at the beginning of each month, showed an annual hormone cycle with a maximum (16.7 +/- 1.1 ng/ml) in the fall and a minimum (9.5 +/- 0.9 ng/ml) in the spring (fig. 1). using the ratio: number of ejaculations/number of trials, the ejaculatory ability of these animals (fig. 2) was estimated for 10 min in the presence of females betw ...	1981	7349524
activity patterns in a stumptail macaque group (macaca arctoides).	activity profiles from a group of stumptail monkeys differed significantly from the profiles previously reported for pigtail monkeys, mangabeys and geladas scored under nearly identical conditions. variables such as sex, weather and time of day, however, often had similar influences on the activity profiles of several or all of the groups. data obtained on the stumptail monkeys in this study were more similar to data collected on other groups of stumptails, living under very different conditions ...	1980	7191389
decreased pituitary responsiveness and inhibition of the luteinizing hormone surge and ovulation in the stumptailed monkey (macaca arctoides) by chronic treatment with an agonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.		1980	6766380
pathogenicity testing of macaca arctoides subgingival plaque following chlorhexidine treatment.	potential infectivity of subgingival plaque of macaca arctoides in guinea pig leg muscle was examined before, during, and after chlorhexidine treatment. the regime of chlorhexidine administration did not appear to alter the monkey subgingival microflora markedly and had no demonstrable effects on the pathogenicity of the subgingival plaque. these data confirm previous suggestions that chlorhexidine essentially does not penetrate into the deeper part of periodontal pockets following a supragingiv ...	1980	6767837
periovulatory endocrine events in the stumptailed monkey (macaca arctoides).	blood samples were obtained frequently from stumptailed monkeys (macaca arctoides) at midcycle and assayed for fsh, lh, 17 beta-estradiol, and progesterone. periovulatory endocrine events were generally similar to those which have been described in rhesus monkeys and women. although the midcycle patterns of estradiol in individual monkeys appeared quite varied, careful evaluation indicated the following general characteristics: 1) a plateau or transient decline in estradiol 30-44 h before the lh ...	1980	6769663
naloxone-induced electrographic seizures in the primate.	electrographic seizure activity was recorded shortly following naxolone injections in artificially ventilated, methadone-treated stump-tailed macaques. plasma-methadone concentrations prior to seizure activity were many times higher than those that have produced respiratory depression and death in nonventilated monkeys. the duration of seizure activity was clearly related to the dose of naloxone. naloxone was without epileptogenic properties in animals that had not been pretreated with methadone ...	1980	6770398
protein-losing enteropathy in six macaques.	using intravenous administration of radioactive labeled chromic chloride, which binds to plasma proteins, protein-losing enteropathy was documented in 6 macaques (macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides) with progressive weight loss and hypoalbuminemia. four clinically normal macaques lost 0.5% +/- 0.1% of the label in feces over 4 days, compared with the diseased macaques, which lost from 1.0%--14.2% of the dose during the same period. lesions in the small intestine (lymphangiectasia, amyloidosis o ...	1980	7451327
sociopharmacology of d-amphetamine in macaca arctoides.	this study was designed to assess the effects of acute d-amphetamine pretreatment on the social behavior of a heterosexual group of adult m. arctoides. the dominance status had been previously determined by use of daily group food competition tests. prior to some sessions amphetamine was administered to a single group member; whereas on other occasions all subjects were drug treated. the effects of both the individual and concurrent pretreatments were compared to those produced by saline. furthe ...	1980	7191115
characteristics of the menstrual cycle in nonhuman primates. iii. timed mating in macaca arctoides.	analysis of five years of reproductive data from macaca arctoides showed the mean menstrual cycle length was 29.9 +/- 4.4 days. using timed mating, a conception rate of 16.3% was observed. the highest conception rate occurred after matings on day 11 of the cycle. eight pregnancies went to term and the mean gestation length was 172.4 days. the sex ratio was 137.8 males per 100 females in fetuses obtained on day 100 post-conception.	1980	7420409
behavioral and physiological evidence of sexual climax in the female stump-tailed macaque (macaca arctoides).	intense tonic/clonic uterine contractions and sudden increases in heart rate coincided with the behavioral homolog of a male ejaculatory response (minus seminal emission) in a normal female stump-tailed macaque engaged in homosexual mounting episodes. the behavioral patterns were also observed in four of ten females during 5 to 40 percent of heterosexual copulations. these observations demonstrate the existence of an orgasmic response in a nonhuman primate.	1980	7384791
lactose intolerance in the stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides): case report.	a female stumptail macaque had signs of intermittant diarrhea and chronic weight loss over a 2-year period during which she was fed a commercial laboratory maintenance diet. intolerance of this individual to lactose, a ubiquitous constituent of most commercial primate diets, was diagnosed on the basis of lactose tolerance tests and favorable clinical response to dietary carbohydrate substitution with glucose. oral administration of varying doses of glucose to this animal consistently produced el ...	1980	6772876
breeding and pregnancy control of stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).		1979	108869
lens extraction with anterior chamber lens implantation in the macaque.	three macaques (macaca arctoides) had anterior chamber implantations with the choyce mark viii lenses in 5 eyes. the eyes were monitored clinically and histologically for approximately 2 years. histologic sections verified that these lenses were well tolerated in the eyes of the macaques.	1979	111587
characteristics of the menstrual cycle in nonhuman primates. ii. ovulation and optimal mating times in macaques.	an analysis of the results of 1,259 limited-duration matings was conducted on colonies of macaca arctoides and m. fascicularis. maximum conception occurred at a day of breeding/cycle length (db/cl) ratio of 0.40--0.41 with a range of db/cl ratios for successful matings from 0.39 to 0.44. these values are compared with published values for various endocrine parameters equated to cycle length.	1979	113545
characteristics of the menstrual cycle in nonhuman primates. i. similarities and dissimilarities between macaca fascicularis and macaca arctoides.	comparative studies of reproductive characteristics were carried out on a colony of macaca fascicularis and m. arctoides. seasonal differences were not significant between species, and conceptions occurred throughout the year. the occurrence of short cycles ('luteal phase defect') was found in 2.9% of all m. fascicularis cycles and 1.5% of all m. arctoides cycles. long cycles (40-50 days) were found in 4.0% of all m. fascicularis cycles and 3.5% of all m. arctoides cycles. gestation lengths aver ...	1979	113537
the effects of opiate agonist and antagonist on serum prolactin in primates: possible role for endorphins in prolactin regulation.	intravenous administration of the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone produced a significant reduction in basal serum prl concentrations in four male macaca arctoides. significant decreases from basal levels were found 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min after the iv injection of 0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg naloxone. the iv administration of 0.4 mg/kg morphine produced rapid and significant increases in prl levels, while 0.04 mg/kg morphine or saline produced no change. both the dopamine receptor- ...	1979	221205
preliminary observations on the effects of 19-hydroxy prostaglandin e-1 on the activity of the human myometrium in vitro.	the principal prostaglandin of human semen, 19 hydroxy pge-1, inhibited spontaneous contractile activity of myometrium from non-pregnant women in vitro. this inhibition was similar to that caused by pge-1. the inhibitory effects of natural 19 hydroxy pge-1, prepared from semen of macaca arctoides, were similar to those of synthetic 19 hydroxy pge-1.	1979	469855
the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in macaca arctoides.	the amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio (l/s ratio) of stumptail macaque monkeys (macaca arctoides) was investigated by means of serial amniocenteses during the second half of pregnancy. ten dated pregnancies were studied in 9 individual monkeys. the mean number of successful amniocenteses per pregnancy was 4. a rapid increase in the l/s ratio suggesting maturation of lung surfactant synthesis occurred as early as 130--140 days of pregnancy in some animals, and as late as 150--160 days i ...	1979	118898
immunofluorescent and immunoelectron microscopic demonstration of primate heart muscle antigens cross-reactive with streptococcus pyogenes.	the presence of antigens in heart muscles cross-reactive with antibodies against streptococcus pyogenes were examined in heart samples of seven primate species (chimpanzee, rhesus macaque, stump-tailed macaque, hamadryas baboon, capuchin monkey, green monkey and patas monkey). cross-reactive antigens were localized by means of the indirect immunofluorescent technique in nearly all samples tested. the fluorescence pattern was the same as found in the heart muscle of other mammals. using the indir ...	1979	116866
drug metabolism by the fetal stump-tailed monkey (macaca arctoides). hepatic microsomal n-demethylation and glucuronidation as measured by radiometric assays.	sensitive radiometric assays were adapted to study the development and kinetics of meperidine and methadone n-demethylation and morphine glucuronidation by microsomes isolated from livers of fetal stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides). times in development selected for study were midterm, three-quarter term, near term and newborn (0.5 h and 14 days). with appropriate attention to keeping blanks low, hepatic drug metabolism was demonstrable as early as midterm. vmax for the n-demethylation rea ...	1979	113790
microbial composition of monkey dental plaque (macaca arctoides and macaca fascicularis).	the supragingival and subgingival dental plaque flora of macaca arctoides and macaca fascicularis monkeys were examined using mylar strip impressions, direct smears, and culture techniques. in smears, samples generally contained 40--50% cocci, 20--30% rods 8--20% fusiform bacteria, and 4--5% each of filaments, vibrios and spirochetes. differences in the ratios of the various bacterial groups related to age and sex were found. several monkey bacterial species were similar to those in human dental ...	1979	106462
identification of the primate papovavirus hd as the stump-tailed macaque virus.	the recently isolated primate papovavirus hd is shown to be indistinguishable from the stump-tailed macaque virus by immunofluorescent reactivity, by restriction endonuclease analysis, and by nucleic acid hybridization assay.	1979	90163
visual evoked potentials in monkeys.	visual evoked potentials (veps) were recorded from 2 cortical sites in stump-tailed macaques. veps recorded from striate cortex were basically consistent between animals (especially at low light intensity), remained remarkably stable over time, and compared favorably to veps reported by other investigators. we concluded that the vep recorded from the striate cortex of day-active monkeys consists of 5 major peaks within the first 250 msec. the potentials recorded from post-central gyrus were simp ...	1979	89947
isolation and characterization of an endogenous type c virus of rhesus monkeys.	a type c retrovirus was isolated from a continuous cell line established from a spontaneous esophageal carcinoma of a rhesus monkey (macaca mulata) by prolonged cocultivation with canine cells. a dna transcript of the viral rna hybridized to a high level and kinetic analysis indicated the presence of multiple copies of the viral genome in rhesus monkey dna, showing that the virus is endogenous in this species. the rhesus monkey virus closely resembles, in several respects, an endogenous type c v ...	1979	87013
longitudinal study of experimentally induced periodontal disease in macaca arctoides: relationship between microflora and alveolar bone loss.	macaca arctoides monkeys develop periodontal disease, and they harbor a periodontopathic indigenous flora largely similar to that of humans. this study showed that various haemophilus isolates and h2o2-splitting asaccharolytic bacteroides melaninogenicus strains constituted major segments of the monkey periodontal microflora. these organisms have not been previously identified among human isolates. furthermore, the present data revealed that asaccharolytic b. melaninogenicus strains increased in ...	1979	33902
weights and heights of stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides) living in colony groups.	weights and heights of adults, week-old infants, and animals of intermediate ages were obtained from colony groups of stump-tailed macaques and are compared with similar measurements of rhesus, japanese macaques, and other stump-tailed monkeys.	1979	120444
ontogeny of the visual evoked response in the stump-tailed macaque.	visual evoked responses (ver's) of stump-tailed macaques were studied from birth to 80 weeks in an attempt to establish the utility of this species as a model of human neurophysiological development. although human subjects and monkeys share a unique complexity of the ver at birth, the postnatal development of their ver's does not appear to follow a parallel sequence. the relatively dynamic nature of the ver during the 1st few weeks in a monkey's life may limit the usefulness of this species as ...	1979	110637
purification and characterization of monkey salivary mucin.	highly purified mucin was prepared from monkey (macaca arctoides) extraparotid saliva by sequential chromatography on sephadex g-200 (followed by reduction and alkylation of void volume materials), sepharose cl-2b with 6 m urea, and cm52 cellulose with 6 m urea. purity was critically ascertained by anion exchange chromatography, ultracentrifugal analysis, isoelectric focusing, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. use of crossed immunoelectroph ...	1979	105008
experimental design for the surgical relocation of the ovary into the vaginal fornix.	after translocation into the vaginal vault while attached to a pedicle consisting of the infundibulo-pelvic ligament, the ovary was found to maintain its function in laboratory primates. in the majority of the baboons the ovulatory pattern returned within a few weeks after the surgical procedure. the only significant complication was a transitory, and self-limited, infection which was evident on inspection and on the biopsy specimens, but caused no clinical symptoms. by comparing the surgical ou ...	1979	45099
experimental congenital infection of toxoplasma gondii in macaca arctoides.	congenital toxoplasmosis was studied in macaca arctoides as a model for primates. time-mated female monkeys were assigned to 5 experimental groups and inoculated with 4 different strains of toxoplasma gondii before pregnancy and during various stages of gestation. all monkeys showed a rise in indirect hemagglutination antibody (iha) titers following infection, and some had demonstrable parasitemia. of the 23 progeny, 2 were stillbirths and 2 died soon after birth, but only the one neonate born o ...	1979	120735
evolutionary relationships of the primate papovaviruses: base sequence homology among the genomes of simian virus 40, stump-tailed macaque virus, and sa12 virus.	physical maps of the genomes of the two newly discovered primate papovaviruses, sa12 and stump-tailed macaque virus (stmv), were generated by restriction endonuclease analysis. the base sequence homologies among the genomes of sa12, stump-tailed macaque virus, and simian virus 40 (sv40) were studied by heteroduplex analysis. heteroduplexes between sa12 and sv40 dnas and stump-tailed macaque virus and sv40 dnas were constructed and mounted for electron microscopy in various amounts of formamide t ...	1979	224219
vaginal transposition of the ovary in primates (papio cynocephalus and macaca arctoides).	experimental data indicate that the time and mechanism of ovulation play a significant role in some cases of infertility and in a broad range of reproductive abnormalities. in order to establish a new experimental model for the study of these phenomena in primates, transposition of the ovary from the pelvis into the vaginal fornix was attempted in 2 species of monkeys: (a) macaca arctoides and (b) papio cynocephalus. particularly in the latter species, ovarian relocation into the anterior and th ...	1978	278593
biochemical and immunological comparison of monkey (macaca arctoides) and human salivary secretions.	1. salivary secretions of the stumptail monkey (macaca arctoides) were compared biochemically and immunologically with human salivas. 2. similarities in biochemical composition and antigenic profiles as seen by immunoelectrophoresis indicate that monkey salivas can provide an excellent model system to study the role of saliva in the oral ecology of man.	1978	318352
blood groups of macaques:a comparative study.	distribution of the human-type and of the simian-type blood groups in rhesus, crab-eating, bonnet, pig-tailed and stump-tailed macaques revealed significant similarities and differences among these species. human-type a--b-o blood groups cut across taxonomic lines and seem less value for taxonomic purposes than the simian-type blood groups detected by cross-reacting isoimmune rhesus monkey sera.	1978	101667
sustained ingestion of methadone and the sleep of monkeys.	methadone hcl was administered daily to four stump-tailed macaques. the animals' sleep was periodically examined throughtout a year of methadone maintenance and, in two animals, during eight months of withdrawal. rem sleep was substantially decreased by methadone treatment and gradually returned to predrug values over a 6- to 8-month period of maintenance. measures of non-rem sleep and awakenings showed similar disruption with no return to predrug values. these changes were not correlated with a ...	1978	216046
ultrastructural organization of thrombocytes in normal monkeys (macaca arctoides) and in those with experimental viral malignant lymphoma.	data on platelet ultrastructure of 6 m. arctoides monkeys investigated before and during experimental viral malignant lymphoma are presented. it has been established that the inner structure of thrombocytes in healthy monkeys was almost similar to that of man. in experimental malignant lymphoma, irrespective of the clinical period of the disease, a decrease of alpha-, beta- and sigma-granules, a decrease of the functional activity of thrombocytes and an increase of delta-granules and glycogen gr ...	1978	217710
diet-induced atherosclerosis and experimental hypertension in stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). effects of antihypertensive drugs and a non-atherogenic diet in the evolution of lesions.	this study was carried out to determine the evolution of atherosclerotic lesions during a therapeutic period during which regression might be appreciated. we produced aortic and coronary atherosclerosis in 27 young adult stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) by feeding a diet supplemented with 2% cholesterol and 25% fat. hypertension was produced by bilateral or unilateral narrowing of the renal artery. after six months of this regimen, four monkeys were killed (group 1) and 23 monkeys were divi ...	1978	96844
sawtooth waves: concomitants of rapid eye movement sleep in monkeys.	sawtooth waves, 2--3 c/sec activity of at least 40 micro v, occurred primarily during clusters of rems in stump-tailed macaques. on the average the activity began well after the onset of rems but occasionally occurred soon before or immediately after a cluster of rems. the activity was clearly defined but occupied less than 0.6% of an 8-h sleep record. a sawtooth burst was, on the average, 7.5 sec in duration.	1978	78813
mac-1, a new genetically transmitted type c virus of primates: "low frequency" activation from stumptail monkey cell cultures.	a new class of endogenous primate type c virus has been isolated from a continuous tissue culture line of macaca arctoides cells by co-cultivation with a human cell line. the virus, designated mac-1, can be transmitted to human and feline cells in tissue culture, and is unrelated, by immunological and nucleic acid hybridization criteria, to previously characterized retroviral isolates of primates. in particular, mac-1 shows no detectable homology to the baboon type c viruses, even though viral g ...	1978	207440
an intracortical microstimulation study of output organization in precentral cortex of awake primates.	we investigated the output organization of the forelimb control area in primate precentral cortex by using low-current (less than 30 microamperemeter) intracortical microstimulation (icms). movement about a joint was selected as the index of response. penetrations perpendicular to the cortical surface and deep into the rostral bank of the central sulcus were made in two awake unanesthetized monkeys (macaca arctoides). cortical areas were designated by the joint about which movements occurred. 1. ...	1978	102772
some effects of living conditions upon the pattern of growth in the stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides).	somatometric and weight measurements of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) bred in various environmental conditions are presented. environmental parameters may influence the pattern of growth in slowing down the 'growth rate' of monkeys bred in restricted laboratory environment as compared with monkeys bred in 'optimal' captive conditions: their subadult and adult linear dimensions are smaller.	1978	102573
construction of hemibladders and cutaneous vesicostomies for bilateral renal function studies. a new technique in macaca arctoides.	a surgical technique for the construction of hemibladders and permanent cutaneous vesicostomies in macaca arctoides is described. serial studies of renal function were performed in sedated monkeys before and 1 or more months after division of the bladder. the results of the studies confirm our previous observation that renal function in monkeys is comparable to that in man and show that (i) the surgical procedure is successful in the majority of instances; (ii) simultaneous determinations of ren ...	1978	101480
diphenylhydantoin gingival hyperplasia in macaca arctoides: prevention by inhibition of dental plaque deposition.		1978	100589
blood groups of pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina).	the human-type a-b-o blood groups of 57 pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) were determined and the calculated gene frequencies, o = 0.8908, a = 0.0825 and b = 0.0267, gave excellent fit with the hypothesis of inheritance by triple allelic genes. in tests for simian-type blood groups with rhesus, baboon and crab-eating macaque immune antisera, it was shown that the red cells of pig-tailed macaques are polymorphic for several simian-type specificities defined by those cross-reacting sera. pig ...	1978	416724
a study of the social relationships in a free-ranging troop of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).		1978	352367
ultrastructure of the right ventricle after monocrotaline-induced cor pulmonale in the nonhuman primate (macaca arctoides).		1978	413738
heterosexual interactions in laboratory-housed stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides): observations during the menstrual cycle and after ovariectomy.		1978	99358