| effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters in laying quails. | this study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on laying performance, egg traits and some blood parameters of quails. in the experiment a total of 342 japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged ten weeks were equally divided into six groups of 57 (three replicates of 19 quails each). six levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%) of dried baker's yeast were included in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. the experimental period lasted 14 weeks. at the end of the ... | 2009 | 19052896 |
| chemoprevention of fibroid tumors by [-]-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in quail. | spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), and fibroid tumors in the laying hen are similar to human fibroid tumors with respect to estrogen and progesterone receptors. this makes the quail a good animal model for screening potential agents for that aid in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. we have previously reported a decreased incidence of leiomyomas in the oviduct of japanese quail with antioxidant supplementati ... | 2008 | 19083394 |
| calcium transport in strongly calcifying laying birds: mechanisms and regulation. | birds that lay long clutches (series of eggs laid sequentially before a "pause day"), among them the high-producing, strongly-calcifying gallus gallus domesticus (domestic hen) and coturnix coturnix japonica (japanese quail), transfer about 10% of their total body calcium daily. they appear, therefore, to be the most efficient calcium-transporters among vertebrates. such intensive transport imposes severe demands on ionic calcium (ca2+) homeostasis, and activates at least two extremely effective ... | 2009 | 19118637 |
| vocal control area-related expression of neuropilin-1, plexin-a4, and the ligand semaphorin-3a has implications for the evolution of the avian vocal system. | the avian vocal system is a good model for exploring the molecular basis of neural circuit evolution related to behavioral diversity. previously, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis among two different families of vocal learner, the bengalese finch (lonchura striata var. domestica), a songbird, and the budgerigar (melopsittacus undulatus), a parrot; and a non-learner, the quail (coturnix coturnix), to identify various axon guidance molecules such as cadherin and neuropilin-1 as v ... | 2009 | 19128404 |
| influence of avian reproduction ecotoxicological endpoints in the assessment of plant protection products. | the aim of this paper is to examine the statistical relevance of bird species on the endpoints of avian long-term toxicity studies (eggs laid, eggs set, eggs hatching, embryo survivor, 14-day old survivors and eggshell thickness). data from 561 animals of three different species (colinus virginianus, anas platyrynchos and coturnix coturnix japonica) tested with five different pesticides were analyzed in this study. the substances considered were: thiamethoxam (ez-3-(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmeth ... | 2009 | 19130368 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of slc11a1 cdna in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | slc11a1 is one of the most potent candidate genes conferring host's genetic resistance/susceptibility to various antigenically different intracellular pathogens. in this manuscript, we report the cloning and characterization of the complete coding sequence of slc11a1 cdna in japanese quail. the 1680bp of cloned slc11a1 cdna consisted of an open reading frame of 1665bp which coded for a complete protein of 555 amino acid residues. at nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels, japanese quail slc11 ... | 2009 | 19150134 |
| transmission of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus of subtype h6n2 from chickens to pekin ducks and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | in this experiment we evaluated the transmission characteristics of a chicken-adapted low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (lpaiv) of subtype h6n2, from infected chickens to japanese quail and pekin ducks, which are commonly sold in live bird markets located in southern california. the layout of the cages and bird-handling practices were similar to those found in southern california live bird markets. five out of 20 chickens were inoculated with lpaiv h6n2, and placed in direct contact with f ... | 2009 | 19156581 |
| polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism authentication of raw meats from game birds. | polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), capercaillie (tetrao urogallus), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), woodpigeon (columba palumbus), and song thrush (turdus philomelos). pcr amplification was performed using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of app ... | 2008 | 19202803 |
| identification of raw and heat-processed meats from game bird species by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the mitochondrial d-loop region. | polymerase chain reaction-rflp analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), chukar partridge (alectoris chukar), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), capercaillie (tetrao urogallus), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), and woodpigeon (columba palumbus). polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of approximately 310 bp f ... | 2009 | 19211540 |
| reproductive responses and nitric oxide activity in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, are altered by specific phase relationships of neural (serotonergic and dopaminergic) oscillations and pineal function. | the present study investigates the effects of temporal synergism of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-htp) and l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) and pineal function (pinealectomy and melatonin administration) on gonadal response and nitric oxide (no) activity in japanese quail. three-week-old male quails were divided into 9 groups, as follows: (i) control (treated with normal saline); (ii) 8-h and (iii) 12-h (receiving l-dopa after the administration of 5-htp [5mg/100g body weight] at the interval of 8 and ... | 2009 | 19261427 |
| dynamics of crowing development in the domestic japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | species-specific behaviours gradually emerge, via incomplete patterns, to the final complete adult form. a classical example is birdsong, a learned behaviour ideally suited for studying the neural and molecular substrates of vocal learning. young songbirds gradually transform primitive unstructured vocalizations (subsong, akin to human babbling) into complex, stereotyped sequences of syllables that constitute adult song. in comparison with birdsong, territorial and mating calls of vocal non-lear ... | 2009 | 19324760 |
| serum chemistry reference values in adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) including sex-related differences. | serum chemistry reference values may provide useful information about the physical condition of individuals, making them a useful tool in differentiating normal and healthy animals from abnormal or diseased states. for japanese quail that are used for producing eggs and meat for human consumption and also as laboratory animals, we aimed to extend the available array of reference values and to compare 16-wk-old adult male versus female birds. in the present study, clinical chemistry data (albumin ... | 2009 | 19439629 |
| effects of dietary taurine supplementation on growth performance and immune status in growing japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the effect of dietary taurine was investigated on performance and immune responses in growing (1 to 42 d) japanese quail. one-day-old quails of both sexes (300) were randomly allotted to 12 groups with 25 quails in each group (3 dietary treatments, 4 replicates). they were fed with maize-soybean meal-based diets containing 0, 0.01, or 0.05% taurine for 42 d. dietary 0.01% taurine decreased food intake (p < 0.05) in the starter phase but did not affect bw gain and feed efficiency from d 1 to 42 o ... | 2009 | 19531709 |
| high resistance to lipid peroxidation of bird heart mitochondria and microsomes: effects of mass and maximum lifespan. | the aim of this investigation was to study the connection between body size, fatty acid composition and sensitivity to lipid peroxidation of heart mitochondria and microsomes isolated from different size bird species: manon (lonchura striata), quail (coturnix coturnix var japonica), pigeon (columba livia), duck (cairina moschata) and goose (anser anser), representing a 372-fold range of body mass. fatty acids of total lipids were determined using gas chromatography and lipid peroxidation was eva ... | 2009 | 19651227 |
| mhc class ii diversity and balancing selection in greater prairie-chickens. | the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) of domestic chickens has been characterized as small and relatively simple compared with that of mammals. however, there is growing evidence that the mhc of many bird lineages may be more complex, even within the order galliformes. in this study, we measured genetic variation and balancing selection at mhc loci in another galliform, the greater prairie-chicken. we cloned and sequenced a 239 bp fragment of mhc class ii beta-chain (blb) exon 2 in 14 indiv ... | 2010 | 19851875 |
| allometric scaling of fatty acyl chains in fowl liver, lung and kidney, but not in brain phospholipids. | the phospholipid (pl) fatty acyl chain (fa) composition (mol%) was determined in the kidney, liver, lung and brain of 8 avian species ranging in body mass from 150g (japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica) to 19kg (turkey, meleagris gallopavo). in all organs except the brain, docosahexaenoic acid (c22:6 n3, dha) was found to show a negative allometric scaling (allometric exponent: b=-0.18; -0.20 and -0.24, for kidney, liver and lung, respectively). with minor inter-organ differences, smaller ... | 2010 | 19961949 |
| isolation of thermophilic campylobacter species from japanese quails (coturnix coturnix) in vom, nigeria. | | 2010 | 20118475 |
| genistein suppresses spontaneous oviduct tumorigenesis in quail. | spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and laying hens. this makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. genistein has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells. we investigated the effects of genistein supplementation on the development of fibroid tumors in the oviduct, serum oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (mda), 8-isopro ... | 2009 | 20155619 |
| effect of dietary level of methionine on growth performance and immune response in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | methionine (met) being the first limiting amino acid in maize/soybean-based quail diets, its supplementation provides scope for improvement of protein quality and reduction of dietary protein concentration. the question remains to what extent it can be incorporated in the diet of genetically improved quails. therefore the effect of dietary met level was assessed on growth performance and immune response in growing japanese quails (n = 400) divided equally into 20 groups. five dietary treatments ... | 2010 | 20355070 |
| polymerase chain reaction assay for verifying the labeling of meat and commercial meat products from game birds targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region. | a pcr assay was developed for the identification of meats and commercial meat products from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), partridge (alectoris spp.), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), pigeon (columba spp.), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), and song thrush (turdus philomelos) based on oligonucleotide primers targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region. the primers designed generated specific fragments of 96, 100, 104, 106, 147, 127, and 154 ... | 2010 | 20371856 |
| pathogenicity of a quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)-derived marek's disease virus rescued from the qt35 cell line. | the qt35 cell line was established in 1977 from methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in japanese quail. it was later shown that at least some of the qt35 cell lines were latently infected with marek's disease (md) virus (mdv). an mdv-like herpesvirus, named quail mdv (qmdv), was isolated from qt35 cells in 2000 by yamaguchi et al. to determine the pathogenicity of qmdv, we inoculated 10-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with qmdv jm (virulent), rb-1b (very virulent), or 584a (very virulent pl ... | 2010 | 20408411 |
| meat species identification and halal authentication analysis using mitochondrial dna. | a method utilizing pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) in the mitochondrial genes was developed for beef (bos taurus), pork (sus scrofa), buffalo (bubalus bubali), quail (coturnix coturnix), chicken (gallus gallus), goat (capra hircus), rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) species identification and halal authentication. pcr products of 359-bp were successfully obtained from the cyt b gene of these six meats. alui, bsaji, rsai, msei, and bstui enzymes were identified as potential restr ... | 2009 | 20416658 |
| the effects of selenium supplementation on the spontaneously occurring fibroid tumors of oviduct, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, and heat shock protein 70 response in japanese quail. | oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. spontaneously occurring benign oviduct leiomyomas are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. since dietary intake of selenium has been associated with a reduced risk of a variety of human cancers, we investigated the effects of selenium supplementati ... | 2010 | 20432170 |
| effects of an active immunization on the immune response of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed with or without genetically modified bacillus thuringiensis-maize. | potentially adverse effects of diets containing transgenic plants are a concern for many consumers, particularly in europe. for bacillus thuringiensis-maize, several studies in livestock and poultry showed that the zootechnical data provide no indication for such adverse effects. these studies were all done in homeostatic situations; it remained open whether a deflection of the regulatory physiological systems might yield divergent dynamic responses in b. thuringiensis-maize-fed animals. we ther ... | 2010 | 20460657 |
| effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on egg production and antioxidant status. | resveratrol, a polyphenol derived from red grapes, berries, and peanuts, exerts antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on performance and serum and egg yolk antioxidant status in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a total of 150 five-week-old quails were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 200 or 400 mg of resveratrol/kg ... | 2010 | 20460666 |
| role of marek's disease herpesvirus in the induction of tumours in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by methylcholanthrene. | the qt35 cell line, established from 20-methylcholanthrene (mca)-induced tumours in japanese quail, is positive for marek's disease virus (mdv), and therefore we examined whether mdv is important for the development of mca-induced tumours. japanese quail were inoculated with the jm16 strain of mdv at 1 or 3 days of age or left uninoculated. at 3 weeks of age, quail were injected in the breast muscle with 4 mg mca in corn oil or corn oil alone. quail were observed for tumours three times/week and ... | 2010 | 20544424 |
| can museum egg specimens be used for proteomic analyses? | abstract: | 2010 | 20630081 |
| epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents lipid peroxidation and enhances antioxidant defense system via modulating hepatic nuclear transcription factors in heat-stressed quails. | epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), a polyphenol derived from green tea, exerts antioxidant effects. oxidative stress is one of the consequences of heat stress (hs), which also depresses performance in poultry. this experiment was conducted to elucidate the action mode of egcg in alleviation of oxidative stress in heat-stressed quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a total of 180 five-week-old female japanese quails were reared either at 22°c for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, tn) or 34°c for 8 h/d (hs) fo ... | 2010 | 20852116 |
| quail genomics: a knowledgebase for northern bobwhite. | the quail genomics knowledgebase (http://www.quailgenomics.info) has been initiated to share and develop functional genomic data for northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus). this web-based platform has been designed to allow researchers to perform analysis and curate genomic information for this non-model species that has little supporting information in genbank. | 2010 | 20946596 |
| chronic stress and environmental enrichment as opposite factors affecting the immune response in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | procedures in the commercial production of animals involve stressful situations which lessen the animal's welfare. this study on japanese quail evaluated whether an environmental enrichment manipulation can affect avian immune responses and if combined with a chronic stressor exposure can help to counteract the negative effects of stress on the immune system. potential gender effects were also considered. after hatch, half of the birds were housed in non-enriched boxes and half were housed in en ... | 2010 | 21034299 |
| subchronic lead exposure, immunotoxicology and increased disease resistance in japanese quail (corturnix coturnix japonica). | the present study investigated the effects of lead (pb) on immune responses in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the pathological impact of exposure to an infectious agent (e. coli o2). fifty-four, 4-week-old quail were exposed to lead acetate in drinking water at 5 or 50ppm. all birds were vaccinated with newcastle vaccine (ndv) during the third week of contaminant (pb) exposure. in the fourth week, several arms of the immune response were tested using the t cell based phytohemagglutinin ( ... | 2010 | 21111478 |
| effects of dietary selenium source, storage time, and temperature on the quality of quail eggs. | we report the effects of time of storage, temperature, and supplementation with sodium selenite- and selenium-enriched yeast on the quality of quail eggs. for this study, 90 10-week-old female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) with similar body size were caged individually and randomly divided into five groups of 18 quails each. one group was fed a normal diet and served as control. a second group was supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg sodium selenite (in-se) and three groups supplemented wi ... | 2010 | 21136198 |
| resveratrol protects quail hepatocytes against heat stress: modulation of the nrf2 transcription factor and heat shock proteins. | in the present study, the effects of dietary resveratrol on the induction of heat shock proteins, transcription factors and antioxidative enzyme system in liver of quails under heat stress were investigated. a total of 180 (55-day-old) female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were reared either at 22 °c for 24 h/day (thermoneutral, tn) or 34 °c for 8 h/day (heat stress, hs; 09:00-17:00 hours) for 12 weeks. birds in both environments were randomly fed one of three diets: basal diet and ... | 2011 | 21244525 |
| gene cloning, expression and characterization of avian cathelicidin orthologs, cc-caths, from coturnix coturnix. | cathelicidins comprise a family of antimicrobial peptides sharing a highly conserved cathelin domain, which play a central role in the early innate host defense against infection. in the present study, we report three novel avian cathelicidin orthologs cloned from a constructed spleen cdna library of coturnix coturnix, using a nested-pcr-based cloning strategy. three coding sequences containing orfs of 447, 465 and 456 bp encode three mature antimicrobial peptides (named cc-cath1, 2 and 3) of 26 ... | 2011 | 21375690 |
| immunotoxicity and disease resistance in japanese quail (corturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to malathion. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of malathion on the immune system of wild birds, using japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as a model. quail were exposed to malathion in drinking water at environmentally realistic concentrations (0 ppm, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm). in the fifth week, several arms of the immune response were tested using the t-cell based phytohemagglutinin (pha) skin test, the b-cell mediated antibody response, and the chemiluminescence assay measuring innate ... | 2011 | 21448623 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in wild birds in durango, mexico. | abstract there is a lack of information concerning the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in wild birds in mexico. in the present study serum samples and tissues from 653 birds from durango state, mexico were evaluated for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii (modified agglutination test, mat, titer 1:25 or higher) were found in 17 (2.6%) of the 653 birds including 1 of 2 curve-billed thrashers (toxostoma curvirostre), 2 (1 anas platyrhynchos, 1 anas diazi) of 4 ducks, 1 of 2 eagl ... | 2011 | 21612413 |
| identification of a putatively novel trichomonad species in the intestine of a common quail (coturnix coturnix). | a common quail (coturnix coturnix) from a private keeping died unexpectedly and showed a moderate lymphocytic infiltration of the colonic mucosa associated with numerous protozoa-like objects at the pathological examination. these organisms were further identified using chromogenic in situ hybridization (ish) and gene sequencing. ish was performed on paraffin embedded tissue sections and produced a positive signal using a probe specific for the 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene of the order trichomo ... | 2011 | 21839582 |
| timing of ossification in duck, quail, and zebra finch: lntraspecific variation, heterochronies, and life history evolution. | skeletogenic heterochronies have gained much attention in comparative developmental biology. the temporal appearance of mineralized individual bones in a species - the species ossification sequence - is an excellent marker in this kind of study. several publications describe interspecific variation, but only very few detail intraspecific variation. in this study, we describe and analyze the temporal order of ossification of skeletal elements in the zebra finch, taeniopygia guttata, the japanese ... | 2011 | 21728797 |
| Impact of climate change on risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in livestock in Europe through migratory birds. | Aims: To predict the risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in livestock in Europe introduced through immature Hyalomma marginatum ticks on migratory birds under current conditions and in the decade 2075-2084 under a climate-change scenario. Methods and Results: A spatial risk map of Europe comprising 14 282 grid cells (25 × 25 km) was constructed using three data sources: (i) ranges and abundances of four species of bird which migrate from sub-Saharan Africa to Eu ... | 2011 | 22118269 |
| levels of helminthic infections in the quails coturnix coturnix from kingdom of saudi arabia. | the present study aims to clarify the difference of the intensity of parasitic infection between the domestic quails coturnis coturnis and the migrant ones. a total of 60 domesticated and 60 migratory quails were investigated during the migration season september-november 2009 for intestinal parasites. investigations revealed that both domestic and migrant quails were susceptible to infection with three helminth parasites; a nematode (heterakis gallinarum), and two cestodes (choanotaenia infundi ... | 2011 | 21980778 |
| contribution of blastoderm cells to japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)-peking duck (anas platyrhynchos) chimeras. | the purpose of this study was to produce quail-duck chimeras by transferring stage x blastoderm cells and to detect the distribution of donor cells in heterogeneous embryos using pcr. four experimental groups were made by transferring different amounts of quail blastoderm cells into duck recipients. in early embryonic stages, donor cells labeled with pkh26 fluorescent dye were observed in the head, neural tube and gonads by fluorescent microscopy. a total of 194 duck recipient embryos were injec ... | 2011 | 22111627 |
| Combined exposure of Japanese quails to cyanotoxins, Newcastle virus and lead: oxidative stress responses. | Wild birds are continually exposed to many anthropogenic and natural stressors in their habitats. Over the last decades, mass mortalities of wild birds constitute a serious problem and may possibly have more causations such as natural toxins including cyanotoxins, parasitic diseases, industrial chemicals and other anthropogenic contaminants. This study brings new knowledge on the effects of controlled exposure to multiple stressors in birds. The aim was to test the hypothesis that influence of c ... | 2011 | 21855999 |
| Validation of a disease model in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with the use of Escherichia coli serogroup O2 isolated from a turkey. | This study established a disease model and protocol for bacterial challenge with Escherichia coli serogroup O2 strain EC317 in Japanese quail. Five groups of 10 birds each were injected subcutaneously in the breast with 200 µL of a brain-heart infusion (BHI) culture containing 1 × 10(8), 1 × 10(7), 1 × 10(6), 1 × 10(5), or 1 × 10(4) colony-forming units/mL of the test organism, which had been isolated from a turkey with cellulitis and septicemia. Birds in a 6th group were controls that received ... | 2011 | 22210992 |
| plasma and whole brain cholinesterase activities in three wild bird species in mosul, iraq: in vitro inhibition by insecticides. | plasma and brain cholinesterase activities were determined in three wild bird species to assess their exposure to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides which are used in agriculture and public health. in the present study, we used an electrometric method for measurement of cholinesterase activities in the plasma and whole brain of three indigenous wild birds commonly found in northern iraq. the birds used were apparently healthy adults of both sexes (8 birds/species, comprising 3-5 from eac ... | 2011 | 22058655 |
| gsm 900 mhz microwave radiation affects embryo development of japanese quails. | a wide range of non thermal biological effects of microwave radiation (mw) was revealed during the last decades. a number of reports showed evident hazardous effects of mw on embryo development in chicken. in this study, we aimed at elucidating the effects of mw emitted by a commercial model of gsm 900 mhz cell phone on embryo development in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) during both short and prolonged exposure. for that, fresh fertilized eggs were irradiated during the first 38 h or 14 da ... | 2012 | 22268787 |
| characterization of bacteria of the genus staphylococcus isolated from the eggs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the study attempted to analyse and characterize bacteria of the genus staphylococcus isolated from the surface and contents of quail eggs, taking into account their phenotypic properties, biochemical reactions, antibiotic sensitivity patterns, and pcr to test for the presence of the meca gene, which is responsible for resistance to methicillin. the study included 45 strains of the genus staphylococcus isolated from the whites, yolks and shells of table quail eggs. the results obtained indicate t ... | 2012 | 23390768 |
| [polychromatism of the egg shell in the domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). 6. comparison with polychromatism in related species]. | polychromatism and pigments of five phasianides egg-shells others than japanese quail are studied. polychromatism modalities and pigments repartitions are species specific. | 2002 | 134796 |
| directional selection for growth at two ambient temperatures in coturnix coturnix japonica. | four lines of quail; random-selected, male-selected, female-selected and male- and female-selected lines, were subjected to 37 plus or minus 1-6 degrees c from 3 to 5 weeks of age while another four lines, similarly selected, were reared at room temperature (15 to 27 degrees c). selection for increased growth was practised for two generations using ten females and five males as parents in each line. a significant interaction between time and temperature was observed in the third generation proge ... | 2005 | 1111852 |
| the electrocardiogram of the japanese (coturnix coturnix japonica) and bobwhite (colinus virginianus) quail. | | 2014 | 4212414 |
| the effect of prolactin and cb154 on in vivo lipogenesis and enzyme patterns in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica and of photositmulation on enzyme patterns in the white-throated sparrow, zonotrichia albicollis. | | 1990 | 175996 |
| distribution and daily fluctuation of the available glucocorticoid binding sites in different areas of the quail brain. | the distribution and daily fluctuation of available glucocorticoid binding sites was studied in the brain of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica, under physiological circumstances. a high level of triamcinolone acetonide binding was observed in some limbic structures (hippocampus and archistriatum), in the nucleus medialis and lateralis posterioris hypothalami and in the cerebellar cortex. the daily fluctuation of the available glucocorticoid binding sites in the preoptic area, hippocampus, arc ... | 2013 | 3751612 |
| acute changes in plasma steroids and agonistic behavior in male japanese quail. | a systematic analysis of the acute (minutes to hours) fluctuations of plasma steroids [androstenedione (a), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht), testosterone (t), corticosterone (b)] was investigated in relation to the fighting behavior displayed by experienced male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix) in short-term (2 min) dyadic encounters. plasma levels of hormones measured in competitors either 1 hr before, during, or 3 min to 6 hr following a fight related poorly to either the attacking or nona ... | 2013 | 4054584 |
| [transformation of dehydroepiandrosterone 4-c 14 by embryonal gonads of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) cultivated in vitro]. | | 2014 | 4277957 |
| [polychromatism of the egg shell in the domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). 5. augmentation of the incidence of phenodeviants through consanguinity]. | an observation of interest is that brother-sister inbreeding appears to have increased the size of protoporphyrin spots of wild type egg-shells in japanese quail. phenodeviant theory can explain the modalities of trait segregation. | 2002 | 134795 |
| effect of cyclic sound cues on sexual development in nonphotostimulated japanese quail. | the influence of cyclic ambient sound stimuli on sexual development was studied in nonphotostimulated [6 hr light:18 hr dark (16l:18d)] japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the incidence of accelerated gonadal development was reduced when ambient daily sound stimuli were attenuated by the presence of a white noise mask in the animal quarters. in a second experiment nonphotostimulated (9l:15d) male quail showed a phase-dependent testicular response to a daily 3-hr radio broadcast presente ... | 2014 | 3975196 |
| [polychromatism in eggshell or domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). iv. porphyrin biosynthesis in uteri of phenotypes belonging to the dominant form]. | with the introduction of delta-aminolevulinic acid, uterin extracts, in vitro, can synthesize porphyrins (uroporphyrin, 62%; coproporphyrin, 27%; and protoporphyrin, 11%). at the stage where the uterus contains a white egg, various phenotypes in the dominant form are capable of synthesizing with the introduction of delta-aminolevulinic acid, the same quantity of porphyrins. these results are interpreted, assuming the existence of differences in the activity of the enzymes involved during the lay ... | 2002 | 126744 |
| influence of exogenous prostaglandin e2 and stress on circulating corticosterone concentrations in coturnix. | the effects of exogenous prostaglandin e2 (pge2) injections and stress on circulating corticosterone (b) levels in coturnix were determined. adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were subjected to one of four treatments: 1) injected with vehicle; 2) injected with pge2; 3) immobilized for 10 min, followed by vehicle injection; or, 4) immobilized for 10 min, followed by pge2 injection. injections were given intraperitoneally, and blood samples were collected by cardiac stab at 15-min p ... | 2009 | 2813251 |
| reticulocyte numbers in japanese quail chicks. | erythrocyte parameters in coturnix coturnix japonica were evaluated daily during the first 2 weeks after hatching. nadirs in total circulating erythrocyte numbers, hematocrit percentages, and hemoglobin concentrations were found during the first 5 days posthatch. reticulocytosis from 4 to 9 days posthatch ameliorated these nadirs until 12 days posthatch, when secondary nadirs appeared. erythropoiesis was indicated by reticulocytosis when hemoglobin levels decreased. reticulocyte maturation was i ... | 2010 | 2881700 |
| hematological effects of ethyl methanesulfonate, paraquat and phenylhydrazine in japanese quail. | 1. juvenile coturnix coturnix japonica males were injected intravenously with 2, 20 or 200 mg ethyl methanesulfonate (ems)/kg body wt; 0.2, 2 or 20 mg paraquat (para)/kg body wt; or 0.6, 6 or 60 mg phenylhydrazine (phz)/kg body wt; and hematologic variables were measured at 0 (non-injected), 24 and 72 hr post-injection. 2. ems, para and phz-induced hemolytic anemia began within 24 hr post-injection. 3. recovery from anemia began within 72 hr post-injection of ems or para, but phz injected quail ... | 2000 | 2894271 |
| tanycyte absorption affected by the hypothalamic deafferentation in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica the tanycytes of the median eminence absorbed peroxidase injected into the third ventricle. the number of tanycytes showing peroxidase reaction was greater in the posterior median eminence than in the anterior median eminence. following hypothalamic deafferentation, the tanycyte absorption was augmented both in the posterior and anterior median eminence. these findings suggest that axons of some neurons, which have inhibitory action on the tanycyte a ... | 2005 | 1201586 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 8. a summary of correlated responses. | correlated response data accompanying 19 generations of selection for increased (hw) or decreased (lw) 4-wk bw and increased (hp) or decreased (lp) total plasma p were summarized. similarly, 11 generations of selection of sublines derived from the original lines hw and lp were also analyzed. sublines were maintained through selection of males for increased 4-wk bw and females for the respective high or low plasma p. the randombred control (rbc1) was stable for bw early in egg production, bw chan ... | 2007 | 2235825 |
| agonistic behavior and neurochemistry in grouped japanese quail. | aggressive behavior and whole brain neurochemistry were measured in stable and unstable pairs of male coturnix coturnix japonica. aggressive pecking peaked on day 5 of the daily regrouping regime and returned to a basal level on day 14. aggressive behavior was associated with increased brain norepinephrine (ne), dopamine (da), and acetylcholinesterase (ache) in unstable pairs. habituation (12-15 days) and da response to daily regrouping and inanition were inversely related in unstable and stable ... | 2007 | 2881690 |
| aromatase activity in quail brain: correlation with aggressiveness. | testosterone (t) triggers aggressive behavior in males of many vertebrate species; however, the neural and hormonal basis of individual differences in the frequency or intensity of aggressive behavior is still debated. using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), a species in which individuals exhibit a wide range of aggressiveness in nature and the laboratory, together with a newly devised test procedure for quantifying aggressiveness, we recently demonstrated that aggression is estro ... | 2010 | 2909376 |
| immunocytochemical localization of the pancreatic islet cells in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | | 2010 | 2863411 |
| synaptic organization of the nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami (dla) of birds is the homologue of the mammalian dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. the positions of terminals from the retina and visual wulst upon identified relay neurons in the dla were examined in japanese quail with both light and electron microscopic techniques. injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the visual wulst showed that relay neurons projecting ipsilaterally or contralaterally were located in a rostrolateral subdivision (dlalr) ... | 2013 | 3815098 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 7. influence of genetic changes in body weight and yolk precursor on egg production. | japanese quail lines were started from a randombred control by selecting for high (hw) or low (lw) 4-week body weight and high (hp) or low (lp) total plasma phosphorus (p), a measure of yolk precursor. in the 9th generation, 2 sublines were initiated from line hw based on high (hw-hp) or low (hw-lp) level of p in females while males were continually selected for hw. a subline (lp-hw) was started from line lp in the 9th generation by selecting the males for hw while continuing to select the femal ... | 2013 | 3601848 |
| [origin and ultrastructure of secretory cells of the embryonic ovary of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | | 2016 | 4994406 |
| sexual-discrimination learning in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | we investigated how male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) learn through extensive social and sexual experience to discriminate between male and female conspecifics. opportunity for heterosexual copulation was important for this learning, but even extensive copulatory opportunity was not sufficient to produce a sexual discrimination; subjects also required exposure to other males. exposure to females after copulatory opportunity did not produce a sexual discrimination but facilitated i ... | 2007 | 2598621 |
| leukocyte numbers in hemorrhaged japanese quail after microwave irradiation in ovo. | 1. coturnix coturnix japonica eggs were exposed to 2.45-ghz continuous wave microwave radiation at an incident power density of 5 mw/cm2 (and a specific rate of 4 mw/g) during the first 12 days of embryogeny. after hatching, hematological changes in response to an acute hemorrhage were measured in exposed and nonexposed (control) juveniles of both sexes. 2. exposure did not affect erythroid cell numbers either before or after hemorrhage. 3. exposure affected the recovery of lymphocyte and hetero ... | 2010 | 2887391 |
| growth response to chronic beta agonist feeding and mature carcass characteristics of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for high and low body densities. | a study was conducted to determine the effect of long-term feeding of a beta agonist (cimaterol) on female japanese quail. quail used were from lines selected for high (hd) and low (ld) body density from a randombred population. dietary treatments consisted of 1) the basal feed, 2) the basal feed containing .5 ppm, or 3) 1.0 ppm of the beta agonist. the treatment period for the six experimental groups extended from 14 to 94 days of age. weight gains to 49 days and live weights at 94 days of age ... | 2008 | 2575254 |
| [action of estroprogestative agents in the quail (coturnix-coturnix)]. | | 2015 | 4663047 |
| blockade of photoperiodically induced testicular growth by hypothalamic deafferentation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | | 2015 | 4442691 |
| light- and electron-microscopic studies on the secretory cytology of the adenohypophysis of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | the effects of thyroidectomy, adrenalectomy, and castration on the pars distalis of male japanese quail, and of injection of lh-rh on sexually inactive females, were investigated by light and electron microscopy. correlation between light and electron microscopy was attained by use of alternate thin and thick sections. six types of secretory cells were identified and the ultrastructural characteristics described. putative endocrine functions have been designated on the basis of responses to expe ... | 1996 | 167970 |
| monoamine fluorescence in the median eminence of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, following medial basal hypothalamic deafferentation. | monoamine fluorescence was examined in the ventral hypothalamus of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica after medial basal hypothalamic deafferentation. in sham-operated control birds, numerous yellow-green fluorescent fibers were observed in the median eminence and the nucleus tuberis. in the area of the paraventricular organ, a number of fluorescent fibers and cell bodies were observed. in birds with deafferented hypothalami, fluorescence disappeared both in the median eminence and t ... | 1995 | 173465 |
| gamma and deltacoronaviruses in quail and pheasants from northern italy. | in view of the restricted knowledge on the diversity of coronaviruses in poultry other than chicken, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of coronaviruses in quail, pheasant, and partridge from two regions of northern italy. to this end, pools of tracheal and cloacal swabs from european quail (coturnix coturnix) and intestinal tract from pheasants (phasianus colchicus) and partridge (perdix perdix) flocks, with or without enteric signs, were collected during 2015. avian coronavi ... | 2016 | 27738120 |
| an avian coronavirus in quail with respiratory and reproductive signs. | an avian coronavirus was detected in pools of lungs, tracheas, female reproductive tracts, kidneys, and enteric contents from quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and laying hen flocks, with and without infectious bronchitis (ib)-like signs, cohoused in farms located in two states of southeastern brazil during 2009-2010. although avian metapneumovirus subtype b was found in two layers samples, newcastle disease virus was not found in quail or in hens. based on dna sequences for the 3'-untranslated ... | 2013 | 24689189 |
| cryptosporidium spp. in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) in henan, china: molecular characterization and public health significance. | the prevalence of cryptosporidium spp. was investigated in scale quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) farms in henan province, china between september 2006 and august 2007. one thousand eight hundred and eighteen fecal samples from 47 quail farms in five areas were collected for the examination of cryptosporidium oocysts. the overall prevalence of cryptosporidium was 13.1% (95% ci 13.1±1.6%) (29 of 47 farms), with 72-100-day-old quails having the highest prevalence (23.6%, 95% ci 23.6±2.6%) (χ(2)= ... | 2012 | 22377447 |
| occurrence of giardia and cryptosporidium in wild birds in galicia (northwest spain). | faecal samples were obtained from 433 wild birds being treated in wildlife recovery centres in galicia (northwest spain), between february 2007 and september 2009. the birds belonged to 64 species representing 17 different orders. giardia cysts and cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by an immunofluorescence antibody test and identified at the molecular level by established pcr-sequencing methods. the overall prevalence of giardia was 2·1% and that of cryptosporidium, 8·3%. to our knowledge, t ... | 2015 | 25669618 |
| effects of recombinant lycopene dietary supplement on the egg quality and blood characteristics of laying quails. | this study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplement of bacterial lycopene (bl) produced by escherichia coli on the egg quality and blood characteristics of laying quails. the antioxidant activity measurement showed that bl exhibited 100% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) scavenging capacity at a concentration of 4.65 μg/ml, which was more effective than butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) and commercial lycopene (cl). moreover, seven dietary groups of laying quails consisting of ... | 2015 | 26100321 |
| prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria in common quail (coturnix coturnix). | the study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria (i.e. campylobacter spp., shigatoxin-producing escherichia coli, salmonella spp.) in common quail (coturnix coturnix). to achieve this goal, 70 common quails were collected during the hunting season in the campania region (southern italy). from each bird, cloacal swab samples were collected and subjected to culture methods, polymerase chain reaction and serotyping. the results of the present study showed a prevalence o ... | 2014 | 25245588 |
| distribution patterns of influenza virus receptors and viral attachment patterns in the respiratory and intestinal tracts of seven avian species. | this study assessed the presence of sialic acid α-2,3 and α-2,6 linked glycan receptors in seven avian species. the respiratory and intestinal tracts of the chicken, common quail, red-legged partridge, turkey, golden pheasant, ostrich, and mallard were tested by means of lectin histochemistry, using the lectins maackia amurensis agglutinin ii and sambucus nigra agglutinin, which show affinity for α-2,3 and α-2,6 receptors, respectively. additionally, the pattern of virus attachment (pva) was eva ... | 2012 | 22489675 |
| pathology and tissue distribution of an lpai h5n8 of north american lineage isolated from an outbreak in commercial japanese quail (coturnix c. japonica) in the central valley of california. | this report describes the pathology and tissue distribution of avian influenza (ai) antigens by immunohistochemistry (ihc) in the tissues of commercial layer quail from a natural outbreak of low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) h5n8. lpai virus h5n8 of north american lineage was diagnosed in commercial japanese quail hens ( coturnix coturnix japonica) in california based on serology, reverse-transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction, virus isolation, and sequencing. the sudden increase ... | 2017 | 28301241 |
| diagnosis and control of a lpai h5n8 outbreak in a japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) commercial flock in the central valley of california. | in april 2014 an outbreak of low pathogenic avian influenza h5n8 north american genetic lineage was diagnosed in a commercial quail operation in stanislaus county, california. sudden increase in mortality prompted the submission of 20 japanese quail hens (coturnix c. japonica) to the california animal health and food safety laboratory, turlock branch. oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs tested positive for influenza a virus h5n8 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the virus ... | 2015 | 26473689 |
| human h7n9 avian influenza virus infection: a review and pandemic risk assessment. | china is undergoing a recent outbreak of a novel h7n9 avian influenza virus (nh7n9) infection that has thus far involved 132 human patients, including 37 deaths. the nh7n9 virus is a reassortant virus originating from the h7n3, h7n9 and h9n2 avian influenza viruses. nh7n9 isolated from humans contains features related to adaptation to humans, including a q226l mutation in the hemagglutinin cleavage site and e627k and d701n mutations in the pb2 protein. live poultry markets provide an environment ... | 2013 | 26038484 |
| quails are resistant to infection with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | the aim of this study was to characterize the role of quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) as intermediate hosts for neospora caninum. fifty-eight 20-day old quails were individually identified with numbered rings and kept in cages adequate for the species. the birds were fed commercial feed and distilled water ad libitum. they were weighed daily during the first month and every seven days from then on. the birds were randomly distributed into 3 groups; 40 quails (group a) and 8 quails (group b) ... | 2013 | 24041486 |
| complete genome sequence of a newcastle disease virus from a coturnix coturnix japonica (japanese quail) covey in india. | the genome of a newcastle disease virus isolated from a japanese quail in 2003 is reported here. the genome is 15,192 nucleotides (nt) long, as found in the recent genotypes, and grouped as genotype viib, with a 6-nt insertion. this is the first report on the sequence of a genotype vii newcastle disease virus (ndv) from india. | 2014 | 24831141 |
| phylogenetic analysis and positive-selection site detecting of vascular endothelial growth factor family in vertebrates. | vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), known to play an important role in vascular homeostasis, vascular integrity and angiogenesis, is little known about the evolutionary relationship of its five members especially the role of gene duplication and natural selection in the evolution of the vegf family. in this study, seventy-five full-length cdna sequences from 33 vertebrate species were extracted from the ncbi's genbank, uniprot protein database and the ensembl database. by phylogenetic ana ... | 2014 | 24200960 |
| tissue distribution, gender- and genotype-dependent expression of autophagy-related genes in avian species. | as a result of the genetic selection of broiler (meat-type breeders) chickens for enhanced growth rate and lower feed conversion ratio, it has become necessary to restrict feed intake. when broilers are fed ad libitum, they would become obese and suffer from several health-related problems. a vital adaptation to starvation is autophagy, a self-eating mechanism for recycling cellular constituents. the autophagy pathway has witnessed dramatic growth in the last few years and extensively studied in ... | 2014 | 25386921 |
| effects of the usage of dried brewing yeast in the diets on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters in quails. | this experiment was carried out to determine the effects of the usage of dried brewing yeast in quail diets on laying performance, egg traits and blood parameters. a total of 240 japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 10 weeks were randomly allocated into one control group and three treatment groups. each group was divided into five replicates as subgroups, comprising 12 quails each. dried brewing yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) was used at the levels of 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% in the di ... | 2008 | 22444084 |
| first genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii infection in common quails (coturnix coturnix) intended for human consumption in china. | toxoplasma gondii is widely distributed in humans and other animals including birds throughout the world. however, little is known of the molecular epidemiology and genotypes of t. gondii infecting quails in china. therefore, the present study was conducted to characterize t. gondii genotypes in common quails in china. during december 2014 to october 2015, a total of 390 muscle tissue samples of common quails were collected and the t. gondii b1 gene was amplified using a nested pcr, and the posi ... | 2017 | 28043887 |
| coccidia of gallinaceous meat birds in brazil. | coccidiosis is a disease that limits the production and marketing of gallinaceous birds in north america, especially quails, pheasants and chukar partridges. virtually no research has been conducted in south america on the causative agents of diseases among these birds, including coccidia. the aim of this work was to make first observations on eimeria spp. in the chukar partridge alectoris chukar and the grey quail coturnix coturnix, which are reared for meat in brazil. fecal and tissue samples ... | 2015 | 26154966 |
| effects of acute lead ingestion and diet on antibody and t-cell-mediated immunity in japanese quail. | this study investigated the interacting effects of acute lead exposure and different diets on antibody and t-cell-mediated immunity in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix). nine quail (nine week old males) were assigned randomly to each group in a factorial experiment with four treatments and two diets. the treatments were 1) a positive control group fed 20 micrograms/g corticosterone, 2) a negative control group given no lead or corticosterone, 3) a low-lead group, and 4) a high-lead group. the l ... | 1995 | 7710288 |
| leukocyte numbers during the humoral and cell-mediated immune response of japanese quail after microwave irradiation in ovo. | 1. coturnix coturnix japonica eggs were exposed to 2.45-ghz continuous wave microwave radiation at an incident power density of 5 mw/cm2 (sar = 4 mw/g) during the first 12 days of embryogeny. after hatching, leukocyte differential changes were measured in response to an injection with alectoris graeca chukar red blood cells (crbc) and in response to a phytohemagglutinin (pha) injection in irradiated and nonirradiated (sham) quail of both sexes. 2. microwave irradiation did not affect anti-crbc h ... | 1987 | 2886278 |
| hematological response of immunized and serially bled japanese quail. | sexually mature female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were immunized by an intravenous injection with .5 ml of a 7.5% suspension of chukar partridge (alectoris graeca chukar) red blood cells (crbc). blood samples were collected either serially from one group of quail or a single time from separate groups of quail at 0 (nonimmunized), 3, 6, and 9 days post-immunization. total anti-crbc hemagglutinin titers (ha) were measured by a microhemagglutinin procedure. selected hematological v ... | 1985 | 4048067 |
| [biochemical polymorphism in the red partridge (alectoris rufa)]. | egg white proteins, hemoglobin, serum proteins and enzymes from alectoris rufa have been examined by starch gel electrophoresis. all three genetic parameters, mean proportion of loci polymorphic per population (p), mean numbers of alleles per locus (a), and mean proportion of loci heterozygous per individual (h) are given for alectoris rufa, and comparison were made between the proteins of the related species coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1976 | 64137 |
| thermoregulatory behavior is widespread in the embryos of reptiles and birds. | recent studies have demonstrated that thermoregulatory behavior occurs not only in posthatching turtles but also in turtles prior to hatching. does thermoregulatory behavior also occur in the embryos of other reptile and bird species? our experiments show that such behavior is widespread but not universal in reptile and bird embryos. we recorded repositioning within the egg, in response to thermal gradients, in the embryos of three species of snakes (xenochrophis piscator, elaphe bimaculata, and ... | 2014 | 24561606 |
| effect of onion (allium cepa linn.) and garlic (allium sativum linn.) on plasma triglyceride content in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonicum). | dietary onion and garlic caused an increase in the level of plasma triglyceride which could be due to insulin like activity of dietary alliums and other factors that promote lipogenesisi in growing stages. changes in the plasma triglyceride level in the control group due to change in age and sex were also noted. the triglyceride level was more in female birds when compared to males of similar age group. the plasma trigelyceride level increased with age in both sex except for the level being simi ... | 2003 | 15267143 |
| effect of alliums on total lipid in plasma and tissues of japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) with respect to age and sex. | dietary onion and garlic caused an increase in the level of liver and plasma total lipids in coturnix coturnix japonica. this increase could be due to the effect of an increased feed intake, bile production, digestion and absorption that in turn caused an increased utilisation of dietary fat, increased transfer of dietary lipids to the liver and/or due to increased lipogenesis as such. however, there was no increase in the muscle lipid content. this effect in the muscle could be due to inhibitor ... | 2005 | 15782822 |
| modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality. | in nature, birds are faced with variable food sources that may differ in composition (protein vs. carbohydrates) and quality (highly digestible material vs. indigestible fiber). studies in passerine birds and some commercial poultry demonstrate that the gastrointestinal tract can respond to varying diet composition and quality by changing morphology and/or activities of digestive enzymes. however, studies in additional avian species are warranted to understand generalities of these trends. we fi ... | 2017 | 27695931 |
| chicken cathelicidins as potent intrinsically disordered biocides with antimicrobial activity against infectious pathogens. | this study was performed to identify the expression patterns of the cathelicidin genes in a local chicken breed and to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of the cathelicidin peptides against pathogenic bacteria. this analysis revealed that the coding regions of cath-1, -2, and -3 genes contain 447 bp, 465 bp, and 456 bp, respectively, and encode proteins of 148, 154, 151 amino acids, respectively. the complete amino acid sequences of the cathelicidin peptides are similar to those found in mel ... | 2016 | 27328070 |