Publications

correlative cytological and histochemical studies on the avian oogenesis.	a correlative cytological and histochemical study has been made of oogenesis in birds (pigeon, columbia livia; brown dove, streptopelia senegalensis; ring dove, s. dacaocto; domestic fowl. gallus domesticus; and quail, coturnix coturnix). balbiani's vitelline body consisting of large yolk nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies and lipid bodies of variable composition is gradually developed in the juxtanuclear cytoplasm of their young oocytes. histochemical tests indicate that the yolk nucleus consi ...	1976	1020422
influence of dieldrin on the production and characteristics of the egg and utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) [proceedings].		1976	1028072
[new faunal and biological observations on ticks in abruzzo].	ticks collected during the years 1975-76 in abruzzo (prov. l'aquila and chieti) italy are reported. the following species have been identified: ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, dermacentor marginatus, haemaphysalis sulcata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus sanguineus, hyalomma marginatum. new hosts are: felis catus for ixodes canisuga; scolopax rusticola, motacilla flava, corvus cornix for ixodes frontalis; sciurus vulgaris for haemaphysalis punctata; garrul ...	1976	1032325
origin of hemopoietic stem cells in embryonic bursa of fabricius and bone marrow studied through interspecific chimeras.	the histogenesis of the bursa of fabricius and of bone marrow was studied by a biological cell marking technique based on differences in the nuclear structure of two species of birds, japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and chick (gallus gallus). in quail cells the nucleus contains a large amount of heterochromatin associated with the nucleolus. that makes it possible to distinguish them from chick cells after feulgen-rossenbeck staining and by electron microscopy. by grafting bursal rud ...	1975	1101262
directional selection for growth at two ambient temperatures in coturnix coturnix japonica.	four lines of quail; random-selected, male-selected, female-selected and male- and female-selected lines, were subjected to 37 plus or minus 1-6 degrees c from 3 to 5 weeks of age while another four lines, similarly selected, were reared at room temperature (15 to 27 degrees c). selection for increased growth was practised for two generations using ten females and five males as parents in each line. a significant interaction between time and temperature was observed in the third generation proge ...	2005	1111852
the rate of testicular development in japanese quali (coturnix coturnix-japonica) following stimulation of the extra retinal photoreceptor.		1975	1112322
the effects of prenatal and postnatal auditory stimulation on early vocalization and approach behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1975	1122222
studies on combined effects of organophosphates and heavy metals in birds. i. plasma and brain cholinesterase in coturnix quail fed methyl mercury and orally dosed with parathion.	we found that mercury potentiated the toxicity and biochemical effects of parathion. male coturnix quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed a sublethal concentration of morsodren (4 ppm as methyl mercury) for 18 weeks. this resulted in an accumulation of 21.0 ppm of mercury in the liver and 8.4 ppm in the carcass. birds fed clean feed and those fed morsodren-treated feed were orally dosed with 2, 4, 6, 8,and 10 mg/kg parathion, and their 48-h survival times compared. the computed ld50 was 5.8 ...	1975	1125450
studies on differentiation of mûllerian ducts in the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. ii. effects of sex hormones on nucleic acid synthesis in isolated female ducts.	the present investigations were carried out in an effort to determine the mechanisms underlying differentiation in the avian müllerian duct, especially the asymmetrical differentiation of the female ducts. using the isolated female ducts of japanese quail, the incorporations of 3h-uridine and 14c-thymidine were determined in vitro at several embryonic stages. incorporation of 3h-uridine was altered with some synchronous fluctuation during the embryonic period in both the left and right ducts, wh ...	1975	1127406
ontogeny of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in chicken-quail hybrid embryos.	the ontogeny of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) isozymes was examined in avian hybrids and compared with the isozyme patterns of the parental species. hybrids were obtained by crossing female japanese quali (coturnix coturnix japonica) with male domestic chickens (gallus gallus domesticus). by use of starch gel electrophoresis and an enzyme-specific stain, traces of embryonic paternally derived ldh were detected in unincubated hybrid eggs. it was concluded that the embryonic genes coding for the b s ...	1975	1137566
the effects of subacute and chronic exposure to 4-aminopyridine on reproduction in coturnix quail.	when male and female coturnix quail (coturnix coturnix) were given a single subacute oral dose (5.62 mg/kg) of the avian frightening agent 4-aminopyridine (4ap) and paired with untreated mates, there was no effect on the reproductive performance of males; egg production of females was reduced the third week after treatment but recovered during the fourth week. chronic exposure to 31.6, 100, and 316 ppm of 4ap in the diet of mated pairs did not affect reproductive performance during or after the ...	1975	1139060
[biochemical polymorphism of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): comparison of functionally different proteins (author's transl)].	the polymorphism observed among the enzymes involved in the respiratory metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, phosphohexoseisomerase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase fructose 1-6 diphosphate dehydrogenase) is less important than that of the enzymes physiologically less essential, such as the various esterases, the alkaline phosphatase, the alcohol dehydrogenase, and of the non-enzymatic proteins (ovalbumin, ovoglobulins, ...	1975	1140313
genetic variation of body temperature of coturnix coturnix in two ambient temperatures.	coturnix quail were placed in an environmental chamber maintained at 21 degree c. and rectal temperatures taken. the birds were subjected to an abrupt change to 36 degree c. and the temperatures taken hourly for eight hours and at 25, 38 and 72 hours. females had higher temperatures than males. when birds were moved to 36 degrees c. their temperatures rose rapidly and then dropped to a level higher than when birds were in the 21 degrees c. chamber. the genetic and total variation estimated from ...	1975	1153370
binary assessment of early approach-behaviour in the japanese quail.	visually-elicited early approach-behaviour was studied in 1013 japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) by a newly developed, binary assessment procedure. this procedure was shown to be highly effective for identifying approach preferences and related indivisual differences in early approach-behaviour. experimental results show that quail chicks exhibit approach-responses to a flashing light. within various paired intensity-combinations of the tested intensity-range of approximately tw ...	1975	1163852
[interactions of estradiol benzoate and progesterone on the development of the oviduct in quail. ii. (coturnix coturnix japonica). ultrastructural studies of two types of responses obtained by varying doses of estradiol benzoate injected].		1975	1181239
standards of morphological development of the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, embryo.	the morphologic growth of 290 japanese quail embryos was analyzed to enable an assessment of the developmental status of an organism and permit the evaluation of experimental effects on development. the growth of 36- to 228-hr embryos was analyzed according to hamburger and hamilton's (1951) stages of development for the chick; the growth of 240-hr and older embryos was analyzed by correlating age with the length of 5 morphologic structures, toe, leg, beak, wing, and total. a correlation of +.99 ...	1975	1183856
enzymes and electrolytes in the semen of japanese quail.	japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) semen was collected at 10 a.m., 2 p.m., or 6 p.m. for four consecutive days during four consecutive weeks. all but the first day's collections were analyzed for sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, h+ concentration, cell count, volume and total sperm number. a random sample was then collected for the analysis of amylase and another random sample was collected for the analysis of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (got), creatine phosphokinase (cp ...	1975	1187516
effect of prolactin on thyroid function in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1975	1193366
tanycyte absorption affected by the hypothalamic deafferentation in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica the tanycytes of the median eminence absorbed peroxidase injected into the third ventricle. the number of tanycytes showing peroxidase reaction was greater in the posterior median eminence than in the anterior median eminence. following hypothalamic deafferentation, the tanycyte absorption was augmented both in the posterior and anterior median eminence. these findings suggest that axons of some neurons, which have inhibitory action on the tanycyte a ...	2005	1201586
the chronic toxicity of methiocarb to grackles, doves, and quail and reproductive effect in quail.	methiocarb (4-methylthio-3, 5-xylyl n-methyl carbamate, mesurol, bay (3744), a bird repellent, was fed in concentrations of 100 to 1,000 ppm to common grackles (quiscalus quiscula), mourning doves (zenaida macroura), and breeding pairs of coturnix quail (coturnix coturnix) to investigate the possibility of cumulative intoxication. although aversion to treated diets was readily apparent in most of the tests, the 28- to 30-day median lethal concentration (lc50) was determined to be greater than 10 ...	1975	1203576
electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone secretion in japanese quail.	experiments were undertaken to localize those hypothalamic areas in the male quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) where electrical stimulation would increase lh secretion. the posterior basal hypothalamus was stimulated with rectangular pulses (height 500 mua) through a bipolar electrode for 6 min, blood samples being taken for lh assay 20 min before, and 2, 10, 20 and 30 min after stimulation. the highest plasma concentration was observed in the 2 min sample. over the next 30 min the lh level dec ...	1975	1206328
[effect of accelerations, hypergravity and hypokinesia on protein metabolism in japanese quail. i. effect on muscle composition].	the effect of hypokinesia, hypergravity achieved by centrifugation and additional weight load on the content and composition of proteins and nucleic acids in the chest and pelvic muscles of four groups of quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) was studied. the first group was used as controls, the second included hypokinetic birds, the third was made of birds with an additional weight load (the load was a double weight of the animal) and the fourth group included birds exposed to acceleration of 3 ...	2013	1207021
the effect of dietary dilution on the intestinal anatomy of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	there was an increase in the length of the small intestine, caeca and colon when japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)were fed on a diet diluted with fibre. no differences were found in the length of the villi and the thicknesses of the submucosal layers throught the large and most of the small intestine between birds fed on the normal diet compared with those fed on the diluted diet. the birds fed on the normal diet appeared to have more mucous goblet cells and lymph nodes in the caeca th ...	1975	1215679
combining ability in a diallel cross of three lines of coturnix coturnix japonica.	three random-bred lines of japanese quail were crossed in a 3 x 3 diallel to estimate their combining ability for hatchability, growth rate, and age at 25, 50, 75 and 100% lay. the experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with a 3 x 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (3 lines of sire x 3 lines of dam x 2 ambient-temperature stresses x 2 sexes). approximately 1200 eggs in three hatches were set; 496 progeny measured for five week body weight; and 212 hens observed ...	1975	1228714
reproductive response to intermittent light regimens in coturnix coturnix japonica.	the effect of intermittent light regimens of one hour of light interspaced with dark periods of one, two or three hours, repeated three, four, five or six times per day was determined for age to first egg, hen day percent production and egg production for a 126 day experimental period in females, and the age to initial response of the cloacal gland in males. three broad classes of response were noted based on the equivalent light period (elp), which is defined as the interval from the beginning ...	1975	1228720
the species of mallophaga in wild birds in iran.	up to date 2 species of mallophaga have been reported from birds in iran. further studies in tehran area showed that the wild birds harbour more lice. the following species of mallophage are reported for the first time from birds in iran. anaticola crassicornis from anas clypeata, laemobothrion maximum from falco tinnunculus laemobothrion sp. from aquila chrysaetos alcedoecus annulatus from alcedo athis, colpocephalum pectinatum and strigiphilus sp. from streptopelia turtur, amrysidea fulvomacul ...	1975	1243890
behavioural responses to sex steroids of gonadectomized and sexually regressed quail.	the purpose of these experiments was to compare the behavioural and morphological effects of exogenous sex hormones in gonadectomized quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with those in quail having regressed gonads as a result of exposure to short days. in expt 1, male quail were assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) intact, exposed to 16 h light: 8 h darkness and injected with oil (group 16l); (2) gonadectomized, exposed to 16 h light: 8 h darkness and injected with 2-5 mg testosterone p ...	1976	1255064
immunohistochemical localization of lh-producing cells in the adenohypophysis of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the cells that produce luteinizing hormone (lh) in the adenohypophysis of the japanese quail were identified immunohistochemically using anti-chicken lh serum and horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit gamma globulin serum. the lh cells are localized in the caudal lobe of the pars distalis. they are elongate in shape shape and are polarized toward the sinusoids, especially in their active states. alterations in size of lh cells are directly related to changes in circulating lh levels as ...	1976	1268921
eimeria tenella: host specificity in gallinaceous birds.	eight species representing 8 genera of gallinaceous birds were used: alectoris graeca; colinus virginianus; coturnix coturnix; gallus gallus; meleagris gallopavo; numidia meleagris; pavo cristatus; phasianus colchicus. three week-old birds were dosed with sporulated oocysts of eimeria tenella beltsville strain. at 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144, and 168 hr after inoculation, 1-3 infected birds and uninoculated controls of each species were killed by cardiac exsanguination. pieces of intestines w ...	1976	1271306
produced by selective breeding of japanese quail animal model for experimental atherosclerosis.	the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was bred selectively to produce a strain highly susceptible to experimental atherosclerosis. a population was produced where aortic atherosclerosis is contracted by 99% of the fourth generation males and 83% of the femlaes. forty-three percent of the males exhibited severe atherosclerosis making this line of japanese quail a suitable model for discovering and testing anti-atherosclerosis compounds. this feature is augmented by other features such a ...	1976	1274793
outbreaks of egg drop syndrome due to eds-76 virus in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	two outbreaks of the egg drop syndrome were observed in quail flocks maintained on a farm together with chickens. the decrease in egg production ranged from 10.6 per cent to 50.6 per cent, and the number of soft-shelled eggs increased with the decline in egg production. in both the outbreaks haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies to eds-76 virus were detected. fluorescent viral antigen specific to eds-76 virus was also detected in the lining epithelial and glandular cells of the uterus.	1992	1329304
the effect of dehydration on brain temperature regulation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	1. the effect of dehydration and heat exposure on body and brain temperature was studied in quail exposed to increasing ambient temperatures within the range of 25-40 degrees c. 2. the body-to-brain temperature difference was not affected by increasing ambient temperature or hydration state. a mean body-to-brain temperature difference of 0.96 +/- 0.64 degrees c and 0.85 +/- 0.65 degrees c was found in normally hydrated and dehydrated quail, respectively. 3. the slope of the relation between brai ...	1992	1348680
characterization of a paired box- and homeobox-containing quail gene (pax-qnr) expressed in the neuroretina.	the retina is an integral part of the central nervous system, and consists of two layers, the outer pigmented layer and the inner sensory layer or neuroretina (nr). the nr layer contains several strata of cells (glial and neuronal) derived from proliferating neuroectodermal precursors that differentiate after terminal mitosis. in vitro, nr cells can differentiate not only into neuronal and glial types, but also into pigment and lens cells. quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) nr cells (qnr) infect ...	1992	1354346
growth and development of lines of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) divergently selected for body weight at 4 weeks of age.	1. divergent selection for body weight resulted in significant increases and decreases in body weight and the relative weight of the pectoralis major breast muscle in heavy (hw) and light weight (lw) strains of japanese quail compared with a randombred control strain (r1). 2. the relative weights of the abdominal fat pad and total carcass lipid were increased in the hw strain, particularly in the females. 3. sexual maturity was similar in hw and r1 hens but was delayed in the lw hens. hw hens la ...	1992	1354587
gut microflora can modify fatty acid composition in liver and egg yolk lipids of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	1. the influence of the gut microflora on lipid metabolism was investigated in germ-free (gf) and conventional (cv) laying japanese quail. 2. serum and egg yolk cholesterol concentrations showed comparable values in both gf and cv environments. 3. the fatty acid composition of liver lipids was modified by the presence of gut microflora. notably, in the presence of the gut microflora, proportion of oleic acid was reduced and conversely, stearic and linoleic acids were enhanced. 4. in egg yolk lip ...	1992	1358512
the changes in body temperature, oxygen consumption, co2 production and muscle protein turnover rate by selection for body size in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	1. body temperature, oxygen consumption, co2 production and muscle protein degradation rate were measured in the three quail lines selected for body size, a random bred line (rr) and two lines selected for large (ll) or small (ss) body size. 2. the body temperature at 15 weeks of age was highest for small body size line and lowest for large body size line. 3. the body temperature, oxygen consumption and co2 production of females were significantly higher than that of males. 4. the fractional deg ...	1992	1361899
production, hatchability and fertility of eggs from breeding japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diets containing furazolidone.	1. breeding japanese quail were allocated to 8 groups, each group consisting of 20 females and males. the birds were fed one of 4 diets for up to 33 d: a control diet or a diet containing 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg or 1000 mg/kg furazolidone. subsequently, quails were fed a furazolidone-free diet for up to 21 d. egg production, quality, hatchability and fertility of the groups were measured. 2. significant reduction in egg production occurred in birds fed 400 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg furazolidone, the eff ...	1992	1393678
sources of behavioral deviation modeled by early color preferences in quail. i. behavioral synergism and systemic instability.	differences between population-typical norms of individual variability were studied in five genetic lines of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica); two (bl and rl) were bidirectionally selected for early approach preference between blue and red stimuli, two (hi and lo) for high and low imprintabilities to the same stimuli, and the fifth (cl) was an unselected genetic control line. selection resulted in reliably divergent extreme choice performances and imprintabilities and in progressively ...	1992	1417680
sources of behavioral deviation modeled by early color preferences in quail. ii. diathetic genes and the leftover variance "v(e)".	the sources of deviation from population-typical norms of variability were studied in relation to early approach preferences between colors in newly hatched japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica). subjects were drawn from an unselected genetic control line, two genetic lines that were artificially selected for extreme blue and red preferences, their hybrids, and a large set of backcross and assortatively derived generations. large progressive increases were observed with selection in ...	1992	1417681
direct and correlated responses to bidirectional selection for dustbathing activity in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	bidirectional selection was conducted for dustbathing activity in male japanese quail over 17 generations. the response to selection was slightly asymmetrical, due mainly to scale effects and a threshold imposing discontinuity on the visible expression of dustbathing in the low line. correlated responses to selection were found for latency to dustbathe, duration, intensity, and incidence of nonbathers. in general, changes followed linear patterns over time in both lines with the exception of qua ...	1992	1417682
influence of different photoperiods on development of gonad, cloacal gland and circulating thyroid hormones in male japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica.	one day old chicks of japanese quail were exposed to different photoperiods (ld, 8:16, 13.5:10.5, 16:8 and ll) and observations (testes weight, cloacal gland size, body weight and circulating thyroxine and triiodothyronine) were taken at the age of 3, 5, 7, 9 and 16 weeks. results indicate that immediate reproductive development occurred in birds exposed to long photoperiods (greater than 12 hr). growth under ld 8:16, was not apparent till 7th week and by 16 weeks, degree of gonadal development ...	1992	1459646
circadian nature of the photoperiodic clock in japanese quail.	the photoperiodic clock in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) is based upon a rhythm of photoinducibility (phi i) but the extent to which this rhythm is circadian remains unclear. two types of experiment investigated this situation. in the first, gonadectomized quail were adapted to live in periods of darkness by training them on a schedule containing one short day and 3 days of darkness (sd/dd/dd/dd). they were then exposed to a single pulse of 6 or 10 h of light at different times across 3 day ...	1992	1469668
cultivation of eimeria tenella in japanese quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica).	complete development of eimeria tenella in japanese quail embryos was observed. sporozoites were inoculated into the allantoic cavity of 7-day-old japanese quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica), after which the infected embryos were incubated at 41 c. in the chorioallantoic membrane mature first generation schizonts, mature second generation schizonts, and gametes were detected at 48 hr postinoculation of sporozoites (pi), 84 hr pi, and 126 hr pi, respectively. mature gametes and zygotes we ...	1992	1491294
[thr arteries of the male sex organs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and their development after hatching].	a total of 83 male japanese quails of the following age groups were used for this study: 11, 18, 25, 32, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43 days, and 7, 9, 17 weeks after hatching. neoprene-latex, tensol-cement, and the china ink were injected via the aortic arch. in most of male japanese quails, the testes are supplied by the a. testicularis originated from the aorta descendens through a common trunk with the a. renalis cranialis. but in only 3 quails had this artery originated directly from the aorta descende ...	1992	1497141
sexual development and free-running period in quail kept in constant darkness.	in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) sexual development may occur in total darkness (dd). linked to sexual maturation, variations of the rhythm of feeding activity were observed: in dd, the amount of activity increased and the period of the free-running rhythm lengthened. during the first weeks in dd all the quails presented a free-running period less than 24 hr (22.3 +/- 0.5 hr; n = 50). at the end of the experiment, the more a bird was mature, the greater the lengthening of its perio ...	1992	1505719
renewal and proliferation of spermatogonia during spermatogenesis in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	four different types of spermatogonia were identified in the seminiferous tubules of the japanese quail: a dark type a (ad), 2 pale a types (ap1 and ap2), and a type b. a model is proposed describing the process of spermatogonial development in the quail. the ad spermatogonia are considered to be the stem cells. each divides to produce a new ad spermatogonium and a ap1 spermatogonium during stage ix of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. an ap1 spermatogonium produces two ap2 spermatogonia ...	1992	1571970
annual changes in levels of plasma lh and size of cloacal protrusion in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) housed in outdoor cages under natural conditions.	japanese quail of the strain used in our laboratory do not show a complete decrease in levels of circulating luteinizing hormone (lh) concentrations and show no collapse of the testes following their transfer from long to short days under laboratory conditions. thus, merely manipulating photoperiods in the laboratory does not simulate an annual breeding cycle. to see whether an annual breeding cycle does exist in "our" quail under natural conditions, mature male birds were housed in individual c ...	1992	1577244
evidence for genetic etiology of heteroploidy in embryos of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the japanese quail was used as an experimental system to detect the effects of genes that affect chromosome behavior and distribution. from a random-bred population, three inbred generations were produced by full-sib matings in 36 families. the expectation from such a breeding scheme was that embryos bearing aberrations induced by recessive mutant genes would cluster within families and recur in particular lineages. chromosomal aberrations caused by errors during fertilization, cleavage mitosis, ...	1992	1611913
multilocus dna fingerprints in gallinaceous birds: general approach and problems.	multilocus profiles were investigated in five different species of galliformes (ring-necked pheasant phasianus colchicus, indian peafowl pavo cristatus, japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica, domestic chicken gallus gallus, and red grouse lagopus lagopus scoticus) using two human multilocus probes (33.6 and 33.15) in combination with each of four restriction enzymes (alui, ddei, haeiii or hinfi). all the species show a dna fingerprint-like pattern using at least one restriction enzyme in com ...	1992	1612925
effect of feeding palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids to japanese quail hens (coturnix coturnix japonica). 2. maternal diets and stage of incubation on the lipid metabolism of quail embryos.	an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing 3% of either palmitic acid (diet pa), oleic acid (diet oa), or linoleic acid (diet la) and three stages of development (days 11, 13, and 15 of incubation) on 1) weights of yolk plus yolk sac membrane (ty), yolk sac membrane (ysm), yolk, liver, and extrahepatic tissue (et); and 2) the fatty acid composition of phospholipid, triglyceride, and cholesterol ester fractions of ysm and et of quail embryos. embryos from birds fed di ...	1992	1614943
serum esterase inhibition in birds: a nondestructive biomarker to assess organophosphorus and carbamate contamination.	with the aim of proposing a nondestructive biomarker for monitoring the toxicological risk to birds of exposure to the organophosphorus insecticide azamethiphos and the carbamate insecticide methomyl, laboratory studies were performed on serum "b" esterases in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the birds received two single dose treatments of each compound (azamethiphos and methomyl), i.e., 50 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg respectively. in the first treatment, serum butyrylcholinesterase (bche) ...	1992	1637204
stilbestrol as a factor modifying the toxicity of ekatin for the pharaoh quail (coturnix coturnix pharaoh). i. young birds.	1. the noted fall of the erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and haematocrit levels after stilbestrol indicate that this hormone disturbs erythropoiesis, probably by depressing the maturation of erythroid cells in the bone marrow. 2. the reaction of the erythrocyte system of birds intoxicated with ekatin indicates that this pesticide has a haemolytic influence on the morphotic elements of the blood. 3. estrogenisation enhances the action of ekatin on the erythrocyte system by as it seems increasing t ...	1991	1687558
immunoreactive endothelin in plasma of nonmammalian vertebrates.	immunoreactive endothelin (ir-et) was estimated in plasma of nonmammalian vertebrates, using radioimmunoassay (ria) for endothelin-1 (et-1). blood samples were collected from unanesthetized animals. plasma et was determined by ria after extraction. plasma levels of ir-et were 0.7 +/- 0.2 pg/ml (n = 6) in the hagfish eptatretus burgeri, 4.3 +/- 0.9 pg/ml (n = 5) in the banded dogfish triakis scyllia, 3.6 +/- 0.8 pg/ml (n = 3) in the common japanese conger conger myriaster, 9.6 +/- 1.4 pg/ml (n = ...	1991	1725396
dotted white--a plumage color mutant in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	a plumage color mutant, dotted white (dtw), of japanese quail is described in this paper. the adult dtw mutant shows white plumage with a small colored spot on the head and/or back. the pigmented spots invariably appear on the dorsal region and never on the ventral region of the body. some birds lack colored spots and show pure white plumage. the chick of the dtw mutant shows cream yellow plumules similar to those of the white leghorn chick. colored spots also exist as in adults, and its colorat ...	1992	1740163
light- and electron-microscopic observations on the relationship between prelampbrush oocytes and surrounding granulosa cells in the laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	transmission electronmicroscopic (tem) observations demonstrated that the most superficial region of quail oocytes during the prelampbrush stage differs locally from the deeper ooplasm and is an active zone which forms exooplasmic cones, ridges or knob-like protrusions in the direction of/or in the granulosa cells. this exooplasm, in which no mitochondria were seen, is separated from the endooplasm, by a narrow interrupted filamentous layer. using a lipid-preserving method of fixation, morpholog ...	1991	1747204
stumpy limb--an embryonic lethal mutation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	an embryonic lethal mutant was found in japanese quail and named "stumpy limb (sl)". all sl embryos died at pre-hatching stages, showing brachycephaly, a thickened neck, short upper and lower beaks, and short and thick extremities, while their body length was similar to that of the normal embryos. observations on the skeleton revealed a globular skull, unusual curvature of the processus palatinus maxillaris of the upper beak, and shortening and thickening of the appendicular bones. some embryos ...	1991	1748170
effects of long term 2% fish oil supplements on tissue fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and arterial histology in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the effects of 2% olive oil (oo) or fish oil (fo) (super epa500) dietary supplementation (9 months) on japanese "sea" quail was investigated. the animals were examined for tissue biochemical changes and possible blood vessel fatty deposition. the fatty acids of blood and tissue extracts from heart, liver and fat were analyzed by gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry. the ratio of arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acid was markedly decreased in fo treated animals compared to ...	1991	1750803
immunocytochemical distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the central nervous system of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	in the present study we detailed the distribution of gfap-immunopositive structures within the central nervous system of the japanese quail. different fixation and embedding procedures were applied. the best results were obtained on frozen cryostatic sections from freshly dissected brains subsequently fixed by a short immersion in cold acetone. immunopositive structures were observed both with immunofluorescence, and with immunoperoxidase methods. immunoreactive cell bodies and processes were ob ...	1991	1776703
effect of feeding palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids to japanese quail hens (coturnix coturnix japonica). 1. reproductive performance and tissue fatty acids.	a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing 3% of either palmitic acid (diet pa), oleic acid (diet oa), or linoleic acid (diet la) on reproductive performance, fatty acid composition of egg yolk, plasma, and liver, and total plasma phosphorus of japanese quail. each diet was fed to 20 individually caged hens from 5 wk of age. a 24-wk production period started at 8 wk of age. fertile eggs for incubation were obtained by placing at random a male in the cage with the female fo ...	1991	1784570
lipogenesis depending on sexual maturity in female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	1. lipid biosynthesis in the liver as well as transport into the follicles in japanese quail were investigated depending on sexual maturity at 5, 7, 9 and 11 weeks of age. lipogenesis of the liver and incorporation of lipid into the follicles were determined by administering [1-14c]sodium acetate. 2. body weight increased up to 9 weeks of age, whereas the weight of the liver and follicle did not alter after 7 weeks of age. 3. fatty acid synthesis in the liver was at its highest at 7 weeks of age ...	1991	1799977
day and nighttime concentrations of 5-methoxytryptophol and melatonin in the retina and pineal gland from different classes of vertebrates.	5-methoxytryptophol (ml) and melatonin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay in the retinae and pineal glands of frogs (rana esculenta), chickens (gallus domesticus), quails (coturnix coturnix), and european hamsters (cricetus cricetus), killed in the afternoon (1500-1700 hr) and around midnight (2400-0200 hr). ml was only detectable in significant amounts in the frog retina. in the pineal gland ml levels showed the opposite profile to retinal ml, with measurable levels in the chick ...	1991	1808021
discriminating the sex of conspecifics by male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	how male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) discriminate the sex of conspecifics at a distance was investigated by testing subjects with male and female stimulus birds on the other side of a small window after opportunities to copulate with females and again after repeated exposures to males in the absence of copulatory opportunity. time spent near the window, frequency of window approaches, duration of window visits, rate of walking near the window, line crossings outside the window ar ...	1991	1860310
effects of first formant onset properties on voicing judgments result from processes not specific to humans.	both first formant (f1) transition duration and f1 onset frequency have been proposed to be perceptually significant in categorization of voiced and voiceless syllable-initial stops. transition duration per se may not, however, explain the fact that, for longer transitions, longer f1 cutback is required in order to perceive a stop as voiceless. longer transitions result in lower f1 onsets at any duration of cutback greater than zero, and it is possible that the major effect of f1 is determined b ...	1991	1880303
photosensory elements in the pineal gland of the japanese quail, with special reference to the paraboloid.	in 1-day-old japanese quails, coturnix coturnix japonica, photosensory elements of the pineal gland were examined by means of histochemical demonstration of glycogen and transmission electron microscopy. the parenchymal cells of the quail show immature structure, especially, small apical protrusion with a few mitochondria in the pinealocyte and rare appearance of the dense body in the supporting cell. the paraboloid is found in cytoplasmic processes projecting into the follicular lumen and in pe ...	1991	1883075
the effects of busulfan on gonadal differentiation and development in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	to determine the effects on gonadal differentiation and development, two concentrations of busulfan (1,4-butanediol dimethanesulfonate) were injected into the albumen of unincubated japanese quail eggs, and the eggs were then incubated. half of the hatchlings were killed at 3 days of age and the rest at 10 wk of age (4 wk past puberty). hatchability of fertile eggs was lowest in those eggs injected with 420 micrograms of busulfan (19.6%), intermediate in the 210-micrograms group (54.7%), and hig ...	1991	1886873
learning to discriminate the sex of conspecifics in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): tests of "biological constraints".	male japanese quail learn to approach and remain near female, but not male, quail if they are allowed to copulate with female quail and receive noncopulatory exposures to males. the generality of the mechanisms involved in this type of discrimination learning was investigated in the present study. in experiment 1, ss learned to spend more time near initially unfamiliar blonde quail than familiar brown female or male quail as a result of being allowed to copulate with the blonde, but not the brow ...	1991	1890391
renal carbonic anhydrase in the quail coturnix coturnix japonica. ii. changes of enzyme activity in developing and regressing mesonephros.	carbonic anhydrase activity was studied during development and regression of the quail mesonephros by in situ and extra situm investigation. a close correlation was noted between enzyme expression and tissue morphofunctional state. carbonic anhydrase appears in early development; its highest activity is reached when the kidney is actively secreting, followed by a decrease concomitant with tissue involution. the main localization of the reaction product is the distal tubule showing strongly posit ...	1991	1905113
the influence of thiourea on the development of the cultured quail embryo.	although thyroid hormones are known to promote embryonic development, it is still questionable whether the hormones of the thyroid gland exert a stimulatory effect on the early embryo. in attempting to elucidate the thyroid function in this period, we tried to block the synthesis of thyroid hormones by thiourea and followed the embryogenesis under these conditions. the experiments were performed with cultured quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica), which seemed especially suitable for those ...	1991	1905865
thermal and metabolic responsiveness of japanese quail embryos following periodic exposure to 2,450 mhz microwaves.	two studies were performed to determine if repeated exposure of the avian egg to microwaves can alter metabolism, temperature, and growth rate of embryos. another aim was to supplement conventional heating with microwave heating and provide an optimal temperature for growth. japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs were exposed from day 1 through 15 of incubation (8 h/day) to sham or microwave (2,450 mhz) irradiation. microwave exposures were at two power densities, 5 or 20 mw/cm2, and a ...	1991	1930307
localization of neuropeptide y-immunoreactive cells and fibres in the brain of the japanese quail.	in the present study, we have demonstrated, by means of the biotin-avidin method, the widespread distribution of neuropeptide y (npy)-immunoreactive structures throughout the whole brain of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the prosencephalic region contained the highest concentration of both npy-containing fibres and perikarya. immunoreactive fibres were observed throughout, particularly within the paraolfactory lobe, the lateral septum, the nucleus taeniae, the preoptic area, th ...	1991	1934027
the influence of stress treatment on femur cortical bone porosity and medullary bone status in japanese quail selected for high and low blood corticosterone response to stress.	1. femurs taken from japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) genetically selected for either exaggerated (hs; high-stress) or reduced (ls; low-stress) blood corticosterone (b) response to unfamiliar environments were examined to determine their cortical bone porosity (cbp; degree of osteoporosis) and medullary bone (mb) status following treatment with or without stress. 2. femur cbp was elevated in both sexes of stressed, hs-line quail and was attributed directly to the presumably exaggerate ...	1990	1970526
nonmammalian vertebrate models in studies of brain-steroid interactions.	estrogen formation in brain and pituitary mediates certain androgen actions in central targets. goldfish (carassius auratus) and quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) have been advantageous for studying the role of locally formed estrogen in autoregulating aromatization and in controlling estrogen receptor occupancy, androgen receptor levels, and behavioral expression. data from these two experimental models reveal a molecular basis for androgen-estrogen synergism in neuroendocrine tissues and for ...	1990	1974804
aggressive behavior in birds: an experimental model for studies of brain-steroid interactions.	1. although testosterone (t) stimulates aggressiveness in males of many vertebrate species, it is now known that the full expression of t actions in the central nervous system requires aromatization to estradiol (e2) and subsequent binding of formed e2 to its receptor. 2. we have recently confirmed these as rate-limiting steps in the control of sex-related and individual differences in aggressiveness of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). 3. in this review, we describe some of the n ...	1990	1979529
serum chemistries of coturnix coturnix japonica given dietary manganese oxide (mn3o4).	1. plasma creatinine and inorganic phosphorus were increased in manganese oxide (mn3o4)-treated adult male coturnix quail, but bun, bun/creatinine ratio, uric acid, and total calcium were decreased. 2. serum enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase) were elevated in mn3o4-treated adult male coturnix quail, but creatine phosphokinase was not affected. 3. dietary mn3o4 at 5000 ppm did not produce overt signs of toxico ...	1990	1981341
photoperiodic control of the termination of reproduction in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	typically, birds come into breeding in the spring as a response to long days, and end reproduction some weeks later by becoming refractory to those long days. the refractory state is subsequently dissipated by the short days of autumn and winter, so producing once again a bird that can respond to long days. bird species differ in the extent to which refractoriness is developed; the present experiments took advantage of the relative, rather than the absolute, refractoriness in quail to measure qu ...	1990	1983038
the serotoninergic system in the brain of the japanese quail. an immunohistochemical study.	the presence and topographical localization of the serotoninergic system in the brain of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) have been studied by means of peroxidase-anti-peroxidase immunocytochemistry. the perimeter, diameter, area, and shape factor of immunoreactive cells have been recorded and analyzed morphometrically for intra- and interspecies comparison. the data reported here confirm and extend results previously obtained in the brain of other avian species. serotonin-immunor ...	1991	2007251
parallel measurement of brain acetylcholinesterase and the muscarinic cholinergic receptor in the diagnosis of acute, lethal poisoning by anti-cholinesterase pesticides.	the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) and the density of muscarinic cholinergic binding receptors (mcbr) were measured in brains from normal japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and from quail after lethal intoxication with diazinon. these were measured in brains from whole heads held at 25 c for 0 to 8 days after death. the maximum relative loss of activity due to post mortem decomposition alone during 8 days was 13% and 10% for ache and mcbr, respectively. during post mortem decom ...	1991	2023308
genetic and experiential manipulation of fear-related behavior in japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica).	we examined effects of environmental enrichment and regular handling on fear-related responses in chicks of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected over several generations for short or long tonic immobility (sti and lti, respectively). sti chicks froze less, vocalized and walked sooner and more in an open field, emerged sooner from a hole-in-the-wall box, and showed shorter ti reactions than did chicks of the lti line. similarly, environmental enrichment reduced silence and inactiv ...	1991	2032451
divergent selection for duration of tonic immobility and social reinstatement behavior in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks.	japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were selected over 8 generations for long or short duration of tonic immobility (ti) weighted for independence from social reinstatement (sr) behavior (as measured in a treadmill) and for high or low levels of sr behavior weighted for independence from duration of ti. divergent selection for long or short duration of ti and for high or low levels of sr behavior resulted in immediate and significant responses that continued throughout the 8 generations. ...	1991	2032452
relative salience of species maternal calls in neonatal gallinaceous birds: a direct comparison of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and domestic chickens (gallus gallus domesticus).	differential-approach tendencies of individual incubator-hatched chickens and japanese quail were assayed using one exemplar of each of the species maternal calls in a simultaneous-choice paradigm. within 24 hr after hatching, the birds received several short periods of exposure to rotating mounts of an adult female chicken and quail, which emitted the species-appropriate call. all birds were then tested with calls alone over the following 2 to 4 days. the test stimuli were played from speakers ...	1991	2032455
transcription of a quail gene expressed in embryonic retinal cells is shut off sharply at hatching.	the avian neuroretina (nr) is part of the central nervous system and is composed of photoreceptors, neuronal cells, and müller (glial) cells. these cells are derived from proliferating neuroectodermal precursors that differentiate after terminal mitosis and become organized in cell strata. genes that are specifically expressed at the various stages of retinal development are presently unknown. we have isolated a quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) cdna clone, named qr1, encoding a 676-amino acid ...	1991	2034690
hatching of japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) following long, daily cyclical interruptions of their incubation.	the adaptive advantages were studied of long, daily cyclical interruptions of incubation for the hatching of japanese quail. the aim was to mimic in a more pronounced form the natural cyclical variations to which avian embryos may be subjected and still survive. the results indicated that by consecutive daily 8-h interruptions of incubation it was possible to lengthen the embryonic period by one-third without apparent harm and with potential improvement in hatchability. after consecutive daily 1 ...	1990	2084682
purification and characterization of chymotrypsinogen from pancreas of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	1. a chymotrypsinogen from pancreas of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was purified by acid extraction, salt fractionation and chromatographic separation on cm-cellulose and sephadex g-100, and gave a single protein band on sds-page. 2. quail chymotrypsinogen had a mol. wt of 26,100 calculated from amino acid composition data, an isoelectric point of 7.68, a km of 3.1 mm and k0 of 40.7 sec-1 for tyrosine ester substrate. 3. the activated chymotrypsinogen of quail had a maximum activi ...	1990	2085958
characterization of insulin receptors in primary cultures of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) oviduct cells. the level of insulin receptor is regulated by steroid and peptide hormones.	1. we have characterized the insulin receptor in primary cultured quail oviduct cells and examined the hormonal regulation of its level. 2. we have also shown the recycling pathway of insulin receptors in the cultured cells using specific inhibitors (tunicamycin, chloroquine, monensin, and brefeldin a). 3. our data suggest that glucocorticoids play important physiological roles in egg-white protein synthesis through increasing the number of insulin receptors and insulin through enhancing the tra ...	1990	2085960
interaction between eimeria uzura infection and aflatoxicosis in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the clinical signs and gross lesions caused by eimeria uzura (10(5) oocysts) in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exhibited little or no influence in the face of intercurrent dietary aflatoxicosis (1 p.p.m. of aflatoxin b1 from day 0 to 55). similarly, no significant differences in the mucosal morphology of the intestine were evident histologically between the two groups of japanese quail. the nervous signs of ataxia, leg weakness, incoordination of movement, torticollis and terminal o ...	1990	2111599
the influence of supplemental corn oil and free fatty acids on the reproductive performance of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary corn oil (co) and commercial free fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of blood plasma and egg yolk lipids and on the reproductive performance of japanese quail. when quail were fed a semi-purified low-fat basal mix, the substitution of 3% of co for corn starch (cs) improved egg weight (11.2 versus 10.8 g), reduced late embryonic mortality (16.7 versus 28.4%), and improved hatchability (75.7 versus 64.1%). diets in which palmiti ...	1990	2123342
renal carbonic anhydrase in the quail coturnix coturnix japonica: i. activity and distribution in male and female metanephros.	carbonic anhydrase activity was studied in the quail metanephros by means of histochemical, histophotometrical and biochemical methods. male and female samples were examined separately in order to show sex-related differences in enzyme activity and localization. the staining patterns revealed differential distribution of reaction product in the different tubular segments. the initial portion of proximal tubules showed positivity on the brush border in female kidneys only. extra situ investigatio ...	1990	2127415
plasma cholesterol responses to the adrenocorticotropic hormone in japanese quail following eighteen generations of divergent selection.	japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) lines were divergently selected for plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin (acth). data for generations 9 to 18 indicated a greater response in the low (l) line than in the high (h) line, which was contrary to selection responses for the first eight generations. during generations 9 to 18, selection differentials were greater in the h line; however, heritability estimates were greater in the l line. these data suggest caution in the interpr ...	1990	2158649
vasopressor and depressor effects of native angiotensins and inhibition of these effects in the japanese quail.	the amino acid sequence of angiotensin i (ang i) from the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, obtained from incubation of homologous plasma and kidney extract was determined as h-asp-arg-val-tyr-val-his-pro-phe-ser-leu-oh. a bolus, intravenous injection of native ang i or of ang ii induced an immediate vasodepressor response and a subsequent vasopressor response in quail which has been lightly anesthetized with urethane (0.75 g/kg). the values for ed50 for the vasopressor and depressor e ...	1990	2191893
aromatization mediates aggressive behavior in quail.	although testosterone (t) stimulates aggressive and reproductive behaviors in males of many vertebrate species, it is now known that the full expression of t action in the brain requires aromatization to estradiol (e2) and subsequent interaction of locally formed e2 with nuclear estrogen receptors. in experiments reported here, we used a behavioral test which quantifies the response of an individual male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) to the visual stimulus of a conspecific. we have ...	1990	2191894
production of avian antibodies to three potyviruses in coturnix quail.	avian antibodies against three potyviruses were produced in a small bird, coturnix quail (coturnix coturnix japonica temminck et schlegel), with 15-60 micrograms of purified virus preparations. intramuscular injections of immunogen with freund's incomplete or complete adjuvant into the birds did not result in higher titer of antibody compared to that of control birds given intravenous injections. quail egg yolk antibody was as useful as hen antibody for indirect-elisa and allowed virus to be det ...	1990	2196273
muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the songbird and quail brain: a quantitative autoradiographic study.	in order to clarify the neuroanatomical basis for postulated muscarinic cholinergic control of a wide array of physiological processes in birds, the distribution of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the brain of three avian species was investigated by quantitative autoradiography. the species consisted of two passerines (songbirds), the european starling (sturnus vulgaris) and the song sparrow (melospiza melodia), and one galliform, the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). [3h]n-methyl ...	1990	2229474
tissue deposition and passage into eggs of ochratoxin a in japanese quail.	laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were given single oral doses of 0, 1, 5, and 20 mg of ochratoxin a (oa) per kg of the body weight. after 6, 12, and 24 hours and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days an appropriate number of birds was sacrificed and oa in blood, muscles, liver, kidney, abdominal yolks, and collected eggs was measured. the highest concentration of oa was found in kidneys and the lowest in muscles. four days following the application, oa could still be detected in kidney, li ...	2012	2231319
divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 8. a summary of correlated responses.	correlated response data accompanying 19 generations of selection for increased (hw) or decreased (lw) 4-wk bw and increased (hp) or decreased (lp) total plasma p were summarized. similarly, 11 generations of selection of sublines derived from the original lines hw and lp were also analyzed. sublines were maintained through selection of males for increased 4-wk bw and females for the respective high or low plasma p. the randombred control (rbc1) was stable for bw early in egg production, bw chan ...	2007	2235825
behavior of rabbit dental tissues in heterospecific association with embryonic quail ectoderm.	the behavior of dental tissues from the rabbit, oryctolagus cuniculus, in association with epithelium from the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, has been examined. adult and embryo rabbits were employed in this study. dental papillae from teeth at the cap stage from rabbit embryos and dental pulp from adult rabbits were isolated surgically and recombined with skin ectoderm from 72-hour-old quail embryos. the recombined tissues were cultured for 48 hours on semi-solid medium and subsequently rem ...	1990	2250161
spatial arrangement of the stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the spatial arrangement of the stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium of the japanese quail was investigated by preparing three-dimensional reconstructions of a seminiferous tubule from each of 3 quails. it was found that the stages were not distributed at random, but were arranged in a wave which spiralled helically along a seminiferous tubule. adjacent stages in space were always adjacent numbers in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. complete spermatogenetic waves were found ...	1990	2250235
effects of the nonsteroidal inhibitor r76713 on testosterone-induced sexual behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	a new triazole derivative, r76713 (6-[4-chlorophenyl)(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-1-methyl-1h- benzotriazole), was recently shown to inhibit aromatase selectively without affecting other steroid-metabolizing enzymes and without interacting with estrogen, progestin, or androgen receptors. this compound was tested for its capacity to intefere with the induction of copulatory behavior by testosterone (t) in castrated japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). in a first experiment, r76713 inhib ...	1990	2286366
temperature modulation of photoperiodically induced lh secretion and its termination in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	long days induced lh release in photosensitive japanese quail and ambient temperature did not affect this process. temperature also did not affect the levels of circulating lh concentrations at the steady state of lh release on long days. on the other hand, low ambient temperature was required to reduce circulating lh to a nonbreeding level together with the change of the photoperiod from long to short days; the changes of the photoperiod without low ambient temperature induced a decrease of cir ...	1990	2289686
the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and estimation of its duration.	a regular, well defined spermatogenic cycle was found in the japanese quail by examining thin sections of isolated lengths of seminiferous tubules embedded in epoxy resin to resolve the structure of developing spermatids. the stages of the cycle initially were identified in studies using a preparatory method for fixation which separated adjacent cellular associations. the cycle was divided into 10 stages with relative frequencies (%) of stages i to x respectively of: 11.9, 14.8, 24.1, 10.3, 8.2, ...	1990	2325016
anti-atherosclerotic activity of colestipol hydrochloride in sea quail.	young, male, sea (susceptible to experimental atherosclerosis) japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed an atherogenic diet consisting of yellow corn meal and soybean meal supplemented with 2% cholesterol and 1% cholic acid. a control group of ten animals was fed the atherogenic diet for eight weeks, and another group was fed the same diet containing 2% colestipol hydrochloride for the same length of time. at the end of the treatment period serum and arterial total cholesterols were ...	1990	2337384