Publications

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lead in terrestrial game birds from spain.we analysed exposure to pb and its relationship with lead-based ammunition in seven species of terrestrial game birds-common woodpigeon (columba palumbus), rock dove (columba livia), stock dove (columba oenas), european turtle-dove (streptopelia turtur), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), barbary partridge (alectoris barbara) and common quail (coturnix coturnix)-from rural and urban areas in different parts of spain (valencia, castilla-la mancha, castilla y león, madrid, islas canarias and n ...202031755055
expression of gnrh receptor and 3βhsd during meiosis and foliculogénesis in columba livia (aves: columbiformes): histological and immunohistochemical analysis.during the ovarian ontogeny in birds, five fundamental events can be recognized: migration and colonization of the primordial germ cells, differentiation and proliferation of oogonies, an organization of germinal nests, beginning of the meiotic process and folliculogenesis. the knowledge of these events is fundamental for the interpretation of the processes involved in the differentiation of female gametes. however, there are only references for some model species such as gallus gallus domesticu ...202031348955
transgenesis and web resources in quail.due to its amenability to manipulations, to live observation and its striking similarities to mammals, the chicken embryo has been one of the major animal models in biomedical research. although it is technically possible to genome-edit the chicken, its long generation time (6 months to sexual maturity) makes it an impractical lab model and has prevented it widespread use in research. the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) is an attractive alternative, very similar to the chicken, but w ...202032459172
pasta waste in the feeding of meat quail.this study was undertaken to investigate the performance, carcass characteristics, and economic viability of diets including pasta waste in meal form (pwm) for quail. a total of 450 unsexed meat quail (coturnix coturnix coturnix) were distributed into five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% inclusion of pwm) in a completely randomized design with six replicates, each with 15 birds. the following rearing periods were evaluated: phase 1 - 1 to 21 days; and period of 1 to 42 days. in phase 1, the p ...202033175012
effect of oregano essential oil supplementation on performance, biochemical, hematological parameters and intestinal histomorphometry of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of two levels of dietary oregano essential oil (oeo) on growth performances, biochemical, hematological parameters, and intestinal histomorphology in japanese quail. a total number of 99 quail chicks were divided into three groups (33 quails per group): control, oeo 150 mg kg-1, and oeo 300 mg kg-1 treated groups for 42 days. feed conversion ratio (fcr), feed intake, weight gain, and edible organ weight were recorded. biochemical and hematologica ...202033133458
mitochondrial dna diversity in commercial lines of laying-type japanese quail.the present study aims to investigate the maternal origin and genetic diversity of laying-type japanese quail lines based on partial sequences (453 base pairs) of a mitochondrial dna (mtdna) control region. a total of 478 individuals from 12 lines were sequenced and six different haplotypes with eight variable sites were identified. all haplotypes, two of which were identical to previously reported sequences, were typical for the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) and were distinct from those of ...202033132724
apoptosis of germ cells in the normal testis of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).it has been established that excess germ cells in normal and in pathological conditions are removed from testicular tissue by the mechanism of apoptosis. studies on germ cell apoptosis in avian species are grossly lacking, and there are only a few reports on induced germ cell degenerations in the testis tissue of birds. this study was designed to investigate the process of apoptosis of germ cells in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). germ cell degenerations were investigated in bir ...202033091765
pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and tissue residues of doxycycline in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) after oral administration.this study aimed to determine the bioavailability, tissue residue and withdrawal time of doxycycline after oral administration in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). japanese quails received doxycycline at 20 mg/kg dose following either single intravenous or oral administration, or 5-day oral administration. doxycycline concentrations in plasma, liver, kidney, muscle, and skin + fat were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. the withdrawal time v1.4 softw ...202033066710
reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria of rooftop tank-stored drinking water using silver nanoparticles and acetic acid and its impact on japanese quail growth performances.this study evaluated the microbial diversity of rooftop tank-stored drinking water consumed by japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) using silver nanoparticles (agnps) and acetic acid (ac) and their mixture. japanese quails (2 weeks old) of two different plumage colors, white and brown, were divided into four groups. in group 1 (control), birds received rooftop tank-stored water. in groups 2, 3, and 4, birds received rooftop tank-stored water treated with ac (0.5 ml/l), agnps (0.1 mg/l), o ...202033034010
growth performance, serum biochemistry and meat quality traits of jumbo quails fed with mopane worm (imbrasia belina) meal-containing diets.alternative protein sources such as mopane worm (imbrasia belina) meal (mwm) are essential for sustainable poultry production. to date, no studies have attempted to investigate the effect of replacing soybean products with mwm in jumbo quail diets. thus, this study was designed to investigate the optimum inclusion level of mwm in place of soybean products on feed intake, physiological and meat quality responses of jumbo quails. a total of 384 two-week-old mixed-gender quails (71.2 ± 5.40 g live- ...202032923738
effects of taurine supplementation on productive performance, nutrient digestibility and gene expression of nutrient transporters in quails reared under heat stress.this study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary taurine supplementation on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, and the gene expression of ileal nutrient transporters in laying quails reared under heat stress (hs). one hundred and eighty laying japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed a basal diet or basal diet supplemented with either 2.5 or 5 g of taurine per kg of diet, and reared at either 22 ± 2 °c for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, tn) or 34 ± ...202032888571
restricted feeding could enhance feed conversion ratio and egg quality of laying japanese quail kept under different stocking densities.impacts of different stocking densities and feed restriction on egg production and quality and blood biochemicals of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied. a total number of 360 adult japanese quails were used in an experiment, including two stocking densities (300 and 200 cm2/bird) and four feed restriction levels (ad libitum, 25, 30 and 35 g/day/bird). as a result of this study, feed restriction (30 g/bird/day) enhanced most of egg production traits and improved hatch ...202032844728
data on the de novo transcriptome assembly for the migratory bird, the common quail (coturnix coturnix).the common or european quail (coturnix coturnix) is a galliform bird of ecological importance for research in the field of animal migration. the common quail is also a game bird, thus, of great interest for recreational activities and conservation management. here, we generated a high quality de novo transcriptome for the common quail for which no reference genome is to date publicly available. the transcriptome was obtained from a population of common quail originated from captive founders rais ...202032775561
rate of feed passage in japanese quail.the rate of passage (rop) in the gastrointestinal tract (git) influences the exposure time of food to the digestion and absorption processes. consequently, rop affects the efficiency of nutrient utilization and energy from the diet. this study aimed to determine the physiological parameters that characterize the digestive response, such as first appearance time (fat), rop, mean retention time (mrt) and transit time (tt) in adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), and to evaluate the ef ...202032638680
genetic growth potential characterization in the japanese quail: a meta-analysis.the description of the growth of the japanese quails is necessary to characterize the genetic potential of these birds raised in different countries. thus, the aim of this study was to describe the genetic potential of japanese quails by conducting a meta-analysis considering studies conducted in different countries. only data about the subspecies coturnix coturnix japonica were considered; studies regarding coturnix coturnix coturnix were not examined. the criteria investigated were bw (w), age ...202032624080
water and food restriction decreases immunoreactivity of oestrogen receptor alpha and antioxidant activity in testes of sexually mature coturnix coturnix japonica.food and water are closely associated with reproductive willingness in vertebrates. these are important for animals and their non-availability act as stressors which decrease sex steroid secretion suppressing reproductive behaviour. oestrogen plays a crucial role in reproduction via its receptors alpha (erα) and beta (erβ). this study tested the hypothesis that erα in testes of male japanese quail is regulated during water and food deprivations. the present study reveals that both water and food ...202032483881
lippia gracilis schauer essential oil as a growth promoter for japanese quail.the use of antibiotics as performance enhancers in animal feeding is declining, so lippia gracilis schauer essential oil (lgseo) could be used as a potential substitute for the conventionally used growth promoters. the lgseo contains components such as carvacrol and thymol, which kill and/or control pathogenic bacteria, increase population of beneficial organisms, act against oxidative processes and onto nutrient digestibility and absorption. the aim of this study was to investigate the action a ...202032345382
[rhabdomyolysis: have you considered food poisoning from quails?]rhabdomyolysis (r) is a complex condition involving the rapid dissolution of damaged or injured skeletal muscle. this leads to the direct release of intracellular components, including myoglobin, creatine kinase, aldolase, and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as electrolytes, into the bloodstream and extracellular space. clinically, r shows a triad of symptoms: myalgia, limb weakness, and myoglobinuria without hematuria, while myoglobin has been recognized as playing a part in the development of a ...202032281758
ecological markers to monitor migratory bird populations: integrating citizen science and transboundary management for conservation purposes.countries share responsibility for the management and conservation of migratory bird species. however, a limited understanding of population dynamics hampers the implementation of harvest and transboundary management. age-ratios and population density can be useful indicators to assess population dynamics to improve management and conservation actions. here, the dynamics of an atlantic population of common quail coturnix coturnix, using 32,508 quail samples and 4814 hunter questionnaires over a ...202032063321
the impact of eggshell colour on the quality of table and hatching eggs derived from japanese quail.the aim of the study was to evaluate table and hatching eggs of japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) depending on the eggshell colour. the research was carried out in two stages, in terms of table eggs' quality and their biological value as hatching eggs depending on the eggshell colour. in both stages, 300 japanese quail eggs were used in each (600 in total) divided into two equal groups: with a brown-spotted shell, with a uniform shell in shades of blue. in the 1st stage, quality chara ...202032046087
effect of omega-3 rich diet on the response of japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) infected with newcastle disease virus or avian influenza virus h9n2.this study was performed to evaluate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on growth performance, clinical signs, post-mortem lesions, haemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody titres, gene expression and histopathology in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) infected with newcastle disease virus (ndv) and avian influenza virus (aiv) h9n2. one hundred, 40-day-old male quails were divided into 5 groups: g1, fed a control basal diet; g2a, infected with ndv; g2b, infected with h9n2; g3a, infected ...202031712184
carcass characteristics, physicochemical attributes, and fatty acid and amino acid compositions of meat obtained from different japanese quail strains.the objective of the current study was to assess the carcass traits and meat quality in three different japanese quail strains. a total of 90 1-day-old japanese quail chicks of three different strains; 30 of each of white, black, and brown were used. quails were slaughtered at 10 weeks of age. carcass traits such as carcass weight and carcass yield were recorded. at 24 h postmortem, breast and leg meat samples were detached, vacuum packaged and stored at - 20 °c until meat quality, nutritional c ...202031301038
effect of a diet containing date pits on growth performance, diet digestibility, and economic evaluation of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).this study was performed to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of date pits (dp) to growing japanese quails on growth performance, diet digestibility, blood parameters, carcass traits, and economical value of the farm production. a total of 204 1-day-old quail chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups (three replicates each). dp was chemically analyzed and used as 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% to formulate 4 balanced experimental diets (control, dp-2, dp-4, and dp-6, respectively). the fee ...202031359353
positive roadside edge effects on artificial nest survival in a lowland atlantic forest.road construction is considered to be one of the primary causes of forest fragmentation, and little is known about how roads affect bird reproductive success. the objective of this study was to assess the survival rate of artificial nests along an edge associated with a highway and in the interior of a tabuleiro forest. the study was performed at the sooretama biological reserve, on the margins of federal highway br-101, between september and october 2015. a total of 168 artificial nests with a ...201931346411
histological and immunohistochemical studies of the proximal caecum and caecal tonsils of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).the proximal caecum in quails consists of lymphoid and non-lymphoid structures. the caecal tonsils in the proximal part of the caecum are units of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in poultry. this study aimed to examine the histological characteristics of the proximal caecum, as well as compositions of dendritic cells (dcs) and antigen-presenting cells (apcs) in the caecal tonsil of quails. tissue sections were stained with crossman's triple, periodic acid-schiff, gordon and sweet's silver, congo ...201931305954
paraquat induced impaired reproductive function and modulation of retinal and extra-retinal photoreceptors in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).paraquat (pq) being a potent herbicide, causes toxic effect on growth, development and reproduction of plant as well as in animals. in this study we have mainly focused on the toxic effect of pq on photoperception via different photoreceptors present in retina, pineal and hypothalamus and thereby its effect on hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal (hpg) axis. pq was administered i.p.10 mg/kg body weight daily for 1 week in poultry birds japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). our findings clea ...201931302232
fresh and stored copra meal in meat quail diets.the aim of the current study was to evaluate the addition of fresh and stored copra meal to the diet of meat quails. two hundred eighty-seven-day-old male and female quails were distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments, in a 2 × 2 + 1factorial arrangement. two copra meal types (fresh and stored) at inclusion levels of 12.5% and 25%, respectively, were added to a corn-soybean meal-based diet, with seven replicates, of eight quails each. copra meal acidity index recorded ...201930054773
the ossification of the vertebral column, thorax and sternum in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).the ossification centers onset of the quail vertebrae, ribs, and sternum in embryos and hatchling birds was studied. specimens were cleared, stained with alcian blue and alizarin red s and examined using stereomicroscope. the chondral rudiments of the vertebrae were observed at the 6th day of incubation (e6). the osteogenesis of the vertebrae was accomplished with both perichondral and endochondral ossifications. the cervical vertebrae began to ossify at e9-e10, whereas the thoracic ones began a ...201931183009
morphological characteristics of the developing cecum of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).the current investigation was carried out to record the final stages of the development of both middle and distal parts of quail ceca, coturnix coturnix japonica to understand the role of ceca in digestion, immune system, and absorption. the cellular and subcellular structures, including epithelial cell height, microvillus surface area, the proportion of goblet cells, the thickness of muscle layer, and cecum diameter showed great variations during the development. an undeveloped smooth musculari ...201931169105
effects of bacteriocin and organic acid on growth performance, small intestine histomorphology, and microbiology in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).in this study, 600 1-day-old japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) were used to investigate the effects of bacteriocin and organic acids on performance and intestinal histomorphology and microbiology. chicks were allocated to 6 groups, i.e., control, bac150 (150 mg/kg bacteriocin), bac300 (300 mg/kg bacteriocin), oa (3 g/kg organic acid blend), bac150+oa (150 mg/kg bacteriocin + 3 g/kg organic acid blend), and bac300+oa (300 mg/kg bacteriocin + 3 g/kg organic acid blend) group. the ...201931119514
propolis alleviates the negative effects of heat stress on egg production, egg quality, physiological and immunological aspects of laying japanese quail.the present work was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary propolis supplementation to laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) on egg production, egg quality, physiological and immunological aspects under heat stress conditions. a total of 200, 21-day-old, japanese quail females were distributed equally into standard wired cages in two identical environmentally-controlled rooms (10 cages per room, 10 birds per cage). from 29-70 d of age, the quail birds in the first room r ...201930964896
a stereological study on calculation of volume values regarding lumbosacral segments of quails.in the study, total segment, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segment of spinal cord in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were stereologically examined. regardless of sex, six adult quails were used as material. after the materials were perfused, they were dissected and their spinal cords were uncovered. tissue samples were taken from each lumbosacral segment of spinal cord. after the tissue fixation process, 6-7 sections having a 5-µm thickness were separated in every ...201930835894
productive performance and surface temperatures of japanese quail exposed to different environment conditions at start of lay.the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different environment conditions on productive performance and surface temperatures of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) during the initial stage of laying. in environmental controlled chambers, the birds were subjected to different temperatures and air velocities at the feeder. a total of 216 japanese quails were distributed randomly in 2 galvanized wire cages, with 3 partitions each and 27 birds/cage. the experimental design ...201930815695
pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in the testis of the quail coturnix coturnix: expression, localization, and phylogenetic analysis.to evaluate the involvement of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap)/receptors system in the control of testis activity, we have investigated the expression and localization of pacap and the distribution of its receptors in the testis of mature samples of quail coturnix coturnix, and we have performed a phylogenetic analysis of pacap in birds. using histological, molecular, and bioinformatics tools, we demonstrated that (a) pacap messenger rna shows a high sequence identity ...201930791203
use of natural ingredients in the japanese quail diet and their effect on carcass and meat quality. review.the present paper reviews the findings of different research studies on the effect of natural ingredients in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) diet on carcass characteristics and meat quality. the results show a relationship between the type and concentration of ingredients used in diets and carcass characteristics and meat quality. the inclusion of medicinal herbs (thyme, black seed, and mint), plants (canola), seeds (chickpea), spices (cinnamon and coriander), worms (earthworms), ...201930744324
expression of glucose transporters and morphometry in the intestine of japanese quails after hatch.the intestinal physiology and mechanisms involved in nutrient transport are not well established in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). the present study assessed the growth performance, morphological development, duodenal density and the expression of sglt1 and glut2 of female japanese quails from 1 to 49 days of age. the three small intestine segments were sampled weekly from 1 to 49 days of age to evaluate villus height, crypt depth and villus: crypt ratio, and goblet cell counts. scanning e ...201930413882
development and growth of digestive system organs of european and japanese quail at 14 days post-hatch.the objective of this study was to evaluate the development and growth of the digestive system organs, from the 11th day of incubation until the 14 d post-hatch in european and japanese quail. on days 11, 13 and 15 of incubation at hatch and at 4, 7, 10 and 14 d post-hatch, embryos or chicks of european and japanese quail were analyzed. after 15 d of incubation, samples from stomach and small intestine were analyzed by microscopy. european quail had significantly heavier body weight at 15 d of i ...201930358872
time, geography and weather provide insights into the ecological strategy of a migrant species.farmland and migratory bird populations are in decline. the common quail (coturnix coturnix) provides an exception to this trend and its populations have remained stable over the last two decades. however, some basic facts regarding quail biology and ecology, such as the geographic distribution of age and sex classes during the summer, remain poorly understood. we analyzed 43,194 spanish quail ringing records from 1961 to 2014 to assess the effects of geography and weather conditions on the prob ...201930308881
cellular elements in the developing caecum of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): morphological, morphometrical, immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies.the present study aims to investigate the histological, histochemical and electron microscopic changes of the caecal proximal part of japanese quail during both pre- and post-hatching periods starting from the 2nd embryonic day (ed) until four weeks post-hatching. on the 2nd and 3rd ed, the primordia of caeca appeared as bilateral swelling on the wall of the hindgut. on the 7th ed, the lamina propria/submucosa contained the primordia of glands. on the 8th ed, rodlet cells could be observed among ...201931700017
cellular invasion and matrix degradation, a different type of matrix-degrading cells in the cartilage of catfish (clarias gariepinus) and japanese quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica).we previously studied the phenomena of the mesenchymal cell-dependent mode of cartilage growth in quail and catfish. thus, we selected the two cartilage models in which mesenchymal cells participate in their growth. in such models, cartilage degradation occurred to facilitate cellular invasion. the studies do not explain the nature of the cartilage degrading cells. the current study aims to explore the nature of the cartilage-degrading cells using transmission electron microscopy (tem) and immun ...201931583991
seasonal expression and cellular distribution of star and steroidogenic enzymes in quail testis.the quail coturnix coturnix is a seasonal breeder with a physiological switch on/off of gonadic activity. photoperiod and temperature are the major environmental factors regulating the spermatogenesis. to more thoroughly comprehend the steroidogenic pathways that govern the seasonal reproductive cycle, we have investigated the localization of star protein and steroidogenic enzymes (3β-hsd, 17β-hsd, p450 aromatase, and 5α-red) as well as androgen and estrogen levels, in the testis of reproductive ...201931433565
the effect of avocado seed powder (persea americana mill.) on the liver and kidney functions and meat quality of culled female quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).high temperatures have a detrimental effect on quail performance, even disrupting the immune system and function of the internal organs. this research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of avocado seed powder supplements on meat quality and the liver and kidney functions of culled female quails.201931849423
soil behaviour of the veterinary drugs lincomycin, monensin, and roxarsone and their toxicity on environmental organisms.lincomycin, monensin, and roxarsone are commonly used veterinary drugs. this study investigated their behaviours in different soils and their toxic effects on environmental organisms. sorption and mobility analyses were performed to detect the migration capacity of drugs in soils. toxic effects were evaluated by inhibition or acute toxicity tests on six organism species: algae, plants, daphnia, fish, earthworms and quails. the log kd values (freundlich model) of drugs were: lincomycin in laterit ...201931817501
oxygen supply limits the heat tolerance of avian embryos.physiologists have primarily focused on two potential explanations for heat stress in animals-the classic model of molecular stability and an alternative model of oxygen limitation. although the classic model has widespread support, the oxygen-supply model applies to many aquatic animals and some terrestrial ones. in particular, the embryonic stage of terrestrial animals seems most susceptible to oxygen limitation because embryos acquire oxygen from the atmosphere by diffusion rather than ventil ...201931744411
improves in external and internal egg quality of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by giving lactic acid bacteria as alternative antibiotic growth promoter.an experiment was designed to determine the effect of using lactic acid bacteria as alternative antibiotic growth promoters on external and internal quality of egg's coturnix coturnix japonica.201932148671
natural outbreak of marek's disease in indigenous chicken and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in jos, plateau state, nigeria.carcasses of an indigenous adult chicken and japanese quail from different flocks were presented to a veterinary clinic for postmortem (pm) examination in 2014 in jos, plateau state, nigeria. pm observations revealed cutaneous, hepatic, and splenic tumors in the indigenous chicken. the quail carcass was emaciated with hepatic tumors. histopathology revealed severe focally extensive non-encapsulated circumscribed large nodules with pleomorphic population of cells mainly composed of lymphoplasmacy ...201931360655
production, purification, and evaluation of quail immunoglobulin y against salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis.salmonella species have been the major foodborne problems in food production systems, with salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium (s. typhimurium) and enteritidis (s. enteritidis) being among the more common isolates. the oral administration of chicken egg yolk specific antibodies (igys) has been established as an efficient alternative for treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal pathogens including salmonella. the present study was aimed to investigate the possible production of specific ...201930665061
heterochromatic regions in japanese quail chromosomes: comprehensive molecular-cytogenetic characterization and 3d mapping in interphase nucleus.chromosomes of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica, 2n=78), a galliform domestic species closely related to chicken, possess multiple heterochromatic segments. due to the difficulties in careful analysis of such heterochromatic regions, there is a lack of data on their dna composition, epigenetic status, as well as spatial distribution in interphase nucleus. in the present study, we applied giant lampbrush chromosome (lbc) microdissection for high-resolution analysis of quail centromeric ...201930565005
ontogenetic changes of geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the avian femur: a comparison between precocial and altricial birds.the mechanical performance of limb bones is closely associated with an animal's locomotor capability and is thus important to our understanding of animal behaviour. this study combined a geometrical analysis and three-point bending tests to address the question of how the mechanical performance of the femurs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and pigeon (columba livia domestica) respond to changing functional demands during ontogeny. results showed that hatchling quails had stiff bon ...201931355453
ingestion of tannery effluent as a risk factor to the health of birds: a toxicological study using coturnix coturnix japonica as a model system.tannery industries generate large amounts of tannery effluents (te), which have been considered highly toxic to various groups of animals. however, the identification and characterization of the impact of this mix of pollutants on birds is still highly incipient. so, our goal was to evaluate the possible biological changes of coturnix coturnix japonica, exposed for 45 days, to different dilutions of te (1.4%, 3.1% and 6.5%), using behavioural biomarkers, mutagenics and egg production. when submi ...201931103665
secreting oviduct epithelial cells of coturnix coturnix japonica (qoec) and changes to their proteome after nonviral transfection.the quail oviduct (coturnix c. japonica) is a natural candidate avian bioreactor, while the secretive quail oviduct epithelial cells (qoecs) are potential in vitro producers of recombinant proteins and vaccines. in view of the need for highly performing and transformable cell lines, qoec may potentially act as an alternative bioreactor platform to the existing ones, for example, to the chinese hamster ovary. the aim of this work was to characterize qoecs and their response to nucleofection with ...201930854717
molecular detection of gamma coronaviruses in bird parks of iran.gamma coronaviruses (gcovs) are distributed worldwide, affecting a wide range of bird species, the beluga whale, and bottlenose dolphins. because of the limited proofreading capability in the viral encoded polymerase, they emerge genetically diverse. there has been no molecular surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of gcovs in avian species. the present study was conducted to detect gcovs in tehran birds’ parks, 2015. cloacal swabs (267 samples) from eight different bird speci ...201931939251
banding cytogenetics of chimeric hybrids coturnixcoturnix × coturnixjaponica and comparative analysis with the domestic fowl.the common quail coturnixcoturnix linnaeus, 1758 is a wild migratory bird which is distributed in eurasia and north africa, everywhere with an accelerating decline in population size. this species is protected by the bonn and berne conventions (1979) and by annex ii/1 of the birds directive (2009). in algeria, its breeding took place at the hunting centre in the west of the country. breeding errors caused uncontrolled crosses between the common quail and japanese quail coturnixjaponica temminck ...201830364889
production systems of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in the urban communities of southwestern nigeria.the study was conducted to examine the management practices and constraints associated with quail production in southwestern nigeria. data were collected through a survey of 113 quail bird farmers selected by multi-stage sampling technique from three states of southwestern nigeria. data were analyzed mainly by descriptive statistics with values compared across states using relevant statistics at certain instances. the results show that quail farming is a relatively new enterprise with farmers' a ...201829574552
performance and serum biochemical profile of japanese quail supplemented with silymarin and contaminated with aflatoxin b1.the aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of silymarin in diets contaminated or not with aflatoxin b1 (afb1) on the productive performance and serum biochemical profile of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in the laying phase. a total of 240 12-week-old japanese quail was used in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme (additives x contaminated or not with afb1 - 1,500 μg/kg), totaling 6 treatments and 5 replicates of 8 birds each. the additiv ...201829077959
the need for sex hormone analysis in addition to long-term follow-up of phytosterol supplementationphytosterols in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and prevention of cardiovascular diseasesthe effects of phytosterols on the sexual behavior and reproductive function in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)phytosterol feeding induces alteration in testosterone metabolism in rat tissuesmultigenerational exposure to phytosterols in the mouse. 201830183993
growth performance, haematology, serum biochemistry and meat quality characteristics of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed canola meal-based diets.the present study investigated the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal (glycine max) with canola meal (cm) (brassica napus) on the growth performance, haematology, serum biochemistry and meat quality characteristics of female japanese quails in a 35-day feeding trial. one hundred and forty 6-week-old quails 158.28 ± 11.919 g were randomly allocated to 5 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets: control diet (cm0; with no cm inclusion); cm0 with 2.5% (cm25), 5.0% (cm50), 12.5% ...201830167482
growth performance, serum biochemical profile, oxidative status, and fertility traits in male japanese quail fed on ginger (zingiber officinale, roscoe) essential oil.this study was designed to evaluate the effect of ginger (zingiber officinale, rosc.) essential oil on growth performance, serum biochemical profile, oxidative stress, and histological structure of testes and fertility traits in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). 96 three-week-old male japanese quail weighing between 120 and 130 g were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups in a completely randomized design. each group was divided into 4 replicates of 6 quails. quails in contr ...201830050674
are there facial indicators of positive emotions in birds? a first exploration in japanese quail.the positive aspect of emotions, like pleasure, remains overlooked in birds. our aim was to contribute to the exploration of facial indicators of positive emotions. to observe contrasting emotional expressions, we used two lines of japanese quail divergently selected on their inherent fearfulness: a fearful line (long tonic immobility duration: lti) and a less fearful line (short tonic immobility duration: sti). to induce positive emotions, we gave individual quail the opportunity to perform a r ...201829969647
behavioral changes in japanese quails exposed to predicted environmentally relevant abamectin concentrations.abamectin (aba) toxicity in fish, amphibian and mammals was already proven, but its effect on birds is almost unknown. thus, the aim of our study is to assess the impact of exposure to water with aba for 40 days at predicted environmentally relevant concentrations on the behavior of female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). the three following experimental groups (n = 10 each) were set: "control", quails exposed to drinking water, without aba, "ec1x" and "ec1000x" (0.31 mg a.i./l and ...201829913616
dietary supplemented effects of mannan-oligosaccharides on biochemical parameters of 4 close-bred flocks of japanese quail breeders.the current study was carried out to investigate the consequences of mannan-oligosaccharides (mos), a prebiotic, as feed supplement on biochemical parameters of japanese quail breeders (coturnix coturnix japonica). twelve-week-old, 960 birds, belonging to 4 close-bred flocks (cbf), were randomly selected and divided into 4 treatment groups with 3 replicates according to pattern (4 strains × 4 treatment groups × 3 replicates). birds were fed corn-based basal diet or the same diet supplemented wit ...201829897547
transgenerational epigenetic variance for body weight in meat quails.we aimed to estimate transgenerational epigenetic variance for body weight using genealogical and phenotypic information in meat quails. animals were individually weighted from 1 week after hatching, with weight records at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age (bw7, bw14, bw21, bw28, bw35 and bw42, respectively). single-trait genetic analyses were performed using mixed models with random epigenetic effects. variance components were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method. a grid sea ...201829878492
neurotrophins and trk receptors in the developing and adult ovary of coturnix coturnix japonica.ngf, bdnf, nt-3 and their specific receptors trka, trkb and trkc are known to be involved in the development and maintenance of vertebrates' nervous system. however, these molecules play a role also in non-neuronal tissue, such as in the reproductive system. in this study we investigated the presence and localization of neurotrophins and trk receptors to unravel their potential role in the developing and adult ovary of japanese quail, a model species well suited for reproduction studies. western ...201829842992
rom mapping of ligamentous constraints on avian hip mobility: implications for extinct ornithodirans.studies of soft tissue effects on joint mobility in extant animals can help to constrain hypotheses about joint mobility in extinct animals. however, joint mobility must be considered in three dimensions simultaneously, and applications of mobility data to extinct taxa require both a phylogenetically informed reconstruction of articular morphology and justifications for why specific structures' effects on mobility are inferred to be similar. we manipulated cadaveric hip joints of common quail an ...201829794053
atrazine-xenobiotic nuclear receptor interactions induce cardiac inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in quail (coturnix coturnix coturnix).atrazine (atr) is one of the most extensively used herbicide that eventually leaches into groundwater and surface water from agricultural areas. exposure to atr does harm to the health of human and animals, especially the heart. however, atr exposure caused cardiotoxicity in bird remains unclear. to evaluate atr-exerted potential cardiotoxicity in heart, quail were exposed with 0, 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg bw/day atr by gavage treatment for 45 days. cardiac histopathological alternation was observe ...201829778080
reply to the comment on "synchronizing biological cycles as key to survival under a scenario of global change: the common quail (coturnix coturnix) strategy" by rodriguez-teijeiro et al.two methodological criticisms of our paper "synchronizing biological cycles as key to survival under a scenario of global change: the common quail (coturnix coturnix) strategy" (nadal et al., 2018) were proposed in the comment by rodriguez-teijeiro et al. (2018) regarding: 1) our estimates of the mean date of arrival, duration of stay and departure stages in the different regions studied; and 2) the analyses carried out to correlate the phenology of the species with changes in the climate variab ...201829685687
evaluation of propolis extract as a disinfectant of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) hatching eggs.this study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of an alcoholic propolis extract (15%) as a disinfectant for japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) hatching eggs. a total of 600 eggs were randomly divided into four experimental groups: 1) negative control (nc), without disinfection, 2) control (c), fumigated with formaldehyde gas, 3) (a), sprayed with 96% alcohol, and 4) (p), sprayed with 15% alcoholic propolis extract. the eggs were incubated artificially in a bios hatching appara ...201829672738
erratum to "neurotrophins and specific receptors in the oviduct tracts of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)" [aanat 210c (2017) 112-120]. 201829653601
comment on: "synchronizing biological cycles as key to survival under a scenario of global change: the common quail (coturnix coturnix) strategy" by nadal, j., ponz, c., margalida, a.nadal et al. (2018) recently reported on changes in the phenology of the common quail (coturnix coturnix) in seven cloudy regions of spain in relation to climate change. the authors used a long-term ringing database (1961-2014) and calculated the mean date for three biological stages: arrival at the breeding areas, stay and autumn departure. they observed that some of these phenological variables were associated with the climate variables of temperature and rainfall (figs. 4 and 6 of their artic ...201829625750
a life in science with the avian embryo.my career in research was a second thought. i first (during 8 years) worked as a secondary school teacher and after 4-5 years, during which my two daughters were born, i found a way to escape from what was to be a lifetime job. for two years, my initiation to research was limited to the free time left by my teaching duties. this period of time was a bit "complicated" but not enough to prevent me to realize that research was really what i wanted to do for the rest of my life… and this was when i ...201829616728
age dependent variations in the deep brain photoreceptors (dbps), gnrh-gnih system and testicular steroidogenesis in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.the complex physiology of aging involves a number of molecular and biochemical events, manifested as signs of senescence. japanese quail is a very unique and advantageous model to study the signs and symptoms of senescence in the central and peripheral modules of hpg axis. in the present study, we have investigated the age dependent variations in hypothalamic deep brain photoreceptors (dbps), central gnrh-i/ii-gnih-mel1cr system, testicular gnrh-gnih system, testicular steroidogenic genes and pr ...201829580815
insights into thermal stress in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix): dynamics of immunoendocrine and biochemical responses during and after chronic exposure.avian require comfortable temperatures for optimal development and heat stress is a high concern in warm weather countries. we aimed to assess the dynamics of immunoendocrine and biochemical variables responses of birds exposed to a heat stressor applied during daylight hours, during the chronic stress and the recovery periods. we hypothesize that variables involved in the birds response will be differentially and gradually modified during those periods. female quail (n = 210) were housed in six ...201829478357
effects of phytosterols as food additives on adrenal and reproductive endocrine function during sexual maturation in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).varying amounts of phytosterols (ps) occur naturally in several foods of plant origin. ps, which are structurally and functionally similar to cholesterol, have been shown to reduce plasma total cholesterol (tc) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (ldl-c) levels. moreover, ps disrupts endocrine function in certain animals. in the present study, we investigated the effects of high doses of ps on adrenal and reproductive endocrine function during sexual maturation in japanese male quails. two e ...201832055169
levels of supplementation of inorganic selenium and vitamin e for meat quail aged 0 to 14 and 14 to 35 days.two experiments were carried out to determine the levels of supplementation of inorganic selenium (se) and vitamin e (ve) in diets of quails aged 0-14 and 14-35 days old. a completely randomized design was used in a factorial design (se = 0.1125; 0.2250; 0.3375 and 0.4500 mg kg-1  diet-1  × ve = 10; 23; 36 and 49 iu kg-1  diet-1 ). in experiment 1, quail (n = 2,400) were aged 0-14 days and were divided into 16 treatments, with three replicates of 50 birds. in experiment 2, quail (n = 1,680) were ...201829250876
accumulation of steroid hormones in the eggshells of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).oviparous mother transfer significant amounts of steroid to egg yolk during oviposition and the amounts may vary throughout the embryonic development. eggshell may contain steroid hormones and the amounts could be different during embryonic development inside the egg. this study was designed to quantify the steroid concentrations in the eggshells of japanese quail. we hypothesized that the steroids would be accumulated in the eggshells in a sex-dependent manner. eggshells were obtained from thre ...201829174486
synchronizing biological cycles as key to survival under a scenario of global change: the common quail (coturnix coturnix) strategy.breeding grounds are key areas for sustaining common quail (coturnix coturnix) populations as this species is characterised by short life expectancy that requires high offspring production. annually, breeding quails make up to three breeding attempts in different places. however, the impact of climate warming on quail phenology is unknown. here, we use a long-term study (1961-2014) of quail-ringing in spain and data on variation in rainfall and temperature over the past 86years to evaluate how q ...201828968932
coccidia of japanese quail: from identification, prevalence, infection, and immunization.a systematic study was undertaken to identify the species, characterize the pathogenicity, and assess the immunization of eimeria bateri in japanese quail ( coturnix coturnix japonica). in total, 107 japanese quail farms were examined. the samples were processed and oocyst shape indices of sporulated oocysts were determined. out of 107 examined farms, 34 (31.78%) farms were positive. four eimeria spp. were morphologically identified. for characterization of the pathogenicity, japanese quail were ...201828937852
replacing soybean oil with increasing levels of soybean acid oil in diets of coturnix quails (coturnix coturnix coturnix) and the effects on egg quality.the effects of increasing levels of soybean acid oil in diets of quails on the quality of eggs were evaluated over a period of 56 days. a completely randomized design with five treatment levels of soybean acid oil (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%) as a replacer for soybean oil and eight replicates of two quails each were used. a total of 240 fresh eggs were used for quality analysis, and 400 eggs were stored at 23ºc over a period of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days for analysis of shelf-life. polynomial regression ...201829044324
apoptotic mechanism behind the testicular atrophy in photorefractory and scotosensitive quail: involvement of gnih induced p-53 dependent bax-caspase-3 mediated pathway.in most of the avian species, daylength or photoperiod is the main environmental factor regulating reproduction. during their annual gonadal cycle, birds once sensitive to short or long day effect develop refractoriness to the same daylength and gonad develop or regress accordingly. the present study investigated the effects of photoperiodic alterations on apoptosis mediated testicular responses of photosensitive/photorefractory and scotosensitive/scotorefractory quail, coturnix coturnix japonic ...201728992606
critical developmental windows for morphology and hematology revealed by intermittent and continuous hypoxic incubation in embryos of quail (coturnix coturnix).hypoxia during embryonic growth in embryos is frequently a powerful determinant of development, but at least in avian embryos the effects appear to show considerable intra- and inter-specific variation. we hypothesized that some of this variation may arise from different protocols that may or may not result in exposure during the embryo's critical window for hypoxic effects. to test this hypothesis, quail embryos (coturnix coturnix) in the intact egg were exposed to hypoxia (~15% o2) during "ear ...201728926567
testicular atrophy and reproductive quiescence in photorefractory and scotosensitive quail: involvement of hypothalamic deep brain photoreceptors and gnrh-gnih system.birds time their daily and seasonal activities in synchronization with circadian and annual periodicities in the environment, which is mainly provided by changes in photoperiod/day length conditions. photoperiod appears to act at the level of eye, pineal and encephalic/deep brain photoperception and thus entrain the hypothalamic clock as well as reproductive circuitry in different avian species. in this article our focus of study is to elucidate out the underlying molecular mechanism of modulati ...201728923598
antouka super® induced oxidative stress and reproductive toxicity in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).antouka super® (as), a combination of insecticide (pirimiphos-methyl 16% and permethrin 3%), is one of the most widely used pesticides in agriculture, public health, home and garden, with high potential for human and animal exposure.201729057334
the importance of propolis in alleviating the negative physiological effects of heat stress in quail chicks.heat stress is one of the most detrimental confrontations in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, causing considerable economic losses in poultry production. propolis, a resinous product of worker honeybees, possesses several biological activities that could be used to alleviate the deleterious effects of high environmental temperature on poultry production. the current study was aimed at evaluating the effects of propolis supplementation to japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) ...201729053741
effect of probiotic supplementation on organic feed to alternative antibiotic growth promoter on production performance and economics analysis of quail.the purpose of this study was to know the production performance and economic analysis in quail which use probiotic supplementation to alternate antibiotic growth promoter (agp) to feed consumption, water consumption, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion, and feed efficiency.201729391694
effect of different levels of dietary vitamin e on reproductive and productive performances in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin e on reproductive and productive parameters in japanese quails. a total number of 240 female and 80 male japanese quail were divided into five treatments with four replications in a completely randomized design. experimental diets were zero control, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg kg-1 of vitamin e. fertility and total hatchability were not affected by treatments. but, the lowest hatch of fertile eggs and the highest embryonic death wer ...201729326796
acute heat stress alters the expression of orexin system in quail muscle.accumulating evidences indicate that the hypothalamic neuropeptide orexins or hypocretins are involved in stress-induced responses in mammals. recently, we found that orexin is expressed and secreted from avian muscle cells, however its regulation is still unknown. in this study, we investigated the effect of heat and oxidative stress, the most challenging stressors in poultry production, on the expression of orexin system in quail muscle tissues and myoblast cell lines. four week-old geneticall ...201729311994
feeding of phytosterols reduced testosterone production by modulating gnrh and gnih expression in the brain and testes of male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).phytosterols (ps), or plant sterols used as cholesterol-lowering agents, have been shown to act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals in some laboratory animals. moreover, dietary ps efficiently pass through the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in brain cell membranes. we asked whether the accumulation of ps affects reproduction through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. thirty male quail chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups (control, 80 mg/kg bw, and 800 mg/kg bw), and daily single do ...201729294112
stress induced polarization of immune-neuroendocrine phenotypes in gallus gallus.immune-neuroendocrine phenotypes (inps) stand for population subgroups differing in immune-neuroendocrine interactions. while mammalian inps have been characterized thoroughly in rats and humans, avian inps were only recently described in coturnix coturnix (quail). to assess the scope of this biological phenomenon, herein we characterized inps in gallus gallus (a domestic hen strain submitted to a very long history of strong selective breeding pressure) and evaluated whether a social chronic str ...201728808318
species identification in meat products: a new screening method based on high resolution melting analysis of cyt b gene.meat adulteration by substitution with lower value products and/or mislabeling involves economic, health, quality and socio-religious issues. therefore, identification and traceability of meat species has become an important subject to detect possible fraudulent practices. in the present study the development of a high resolution melt (hrm) screening method for the identification of eight common meat species is reported. samples from bos taurus, ovis aries, sus scrofa domestica, equus caballus, ...201728764056
black soldier fly as dietary protein source for broiler quails: meat proximate composition, fatty acid and amino acid profile, oxidative status and sensory traits.in the perspective of improving the sustainability of meat production, insects have been rapidly emerging as innovative feed ingredient for some livestock species, including poultry. however, at present, there is still limited knowledge regarding the quality and sensory traits of the derived meat. therefore, the present study tested the effect of a partial substitution of soya bean meal and oil with defatted black soldier fly (hermetia illucens) larvae meal (h) in the diet for growing broiler qu ...201728735587
ethnomedicinal and cultural practices of mammals and birds in the vicinity of river chenab, punjab-pakistan.although, use of animal species in disease treatment and culture practices is as ancient as that of plant species; however ethnomedicinal uses and cultural values of animal species have rarely been reported. present study is the first report on the medicinal uses of mammals and bird species in pakistan.201728701165
experimental toxoplasmosis in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).in this study, forming of experimental toxoplasmosis in quails; clinical, pathological, and serological determination of tissue lesions and bioassay techniques, which were aimed to compare them and determine pathogenesis.201728695827
probiotics intake from proximal or distal gastrointestinal tract: the investigation on intestinal morphology and performance of japanese quail.the aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of early single-dose probiotics administered from proximal or distal gastrointestinal tract on quails' performance and small intestinal morphology. a total of 120 japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) 1-d-old chicks were divided into the following experimental groups before being transferred to the raising room: (i) control (no probiotic administered); (ii) oral group (received probiotics via oesophageal gavage); and (iii) vent l ...201728691244
the effects of phytosterols on the sexual behavior and reproductive function in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).phytosterols (ps) are plant origin sterols naturally found in many foods and added as food additives. since 1950, ps have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to lower serum cholesterol and inhibit cardiovascular disease (cvd). however, recent studies have found that ps act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals in laboratory animals. therefore, this study was aimed at finding the mechanism(s) for ps effects on the sexual behaviors and reproductive functions in male japanese quails ( ...201728637324
the positive expression of genotype vii newcastle disease virus (malaysian isolate) in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).genotype vii newcastle disease virus (ndv) is the most predominant ndv strains that circulating in malaysia; thus, this study was aimed to determine the susceptibility of japanese quails toward genotype vii ndv. clinical signs, gross pathological lesions of organs, positive detection of virus in organs and cloacal swabs, as well as the expression of the antibody titer, were used as parameters to assess the susceptibility of japanese quails following infection of genotype vii ndv.201728620260
lighting programs for male and female meat quails (coturnix coturnix) raised in equatorial region.the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for male and female meat quails raised in an equatorial region on performance and carcass traits. a total of 1,500 sexed quails (coturnix coturnix) was distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 2 sexes (male and female) and 3 lighting programs (natural, intermittent, and continuous) with 5 replicates of 50 birds. the lighting programs were applied in the period from 7 to 49 d o ...201728541573
efficiency of early, single-dose probiotic administration methods on performance, small intestinal morphology, blood biochemistry, and immune response of japanese quail.the aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of early probiotics (single dose) administered in different ways, on quails' performance, small intestine morphology, blood biochemistry, and immune response. in total, 192 day-old chicks were used in one of the following experimental groups before being transferred to a raising room: 1) control (no probiotic administered), 2) oral gavage, 3) spray, and 4) vent lip. four replicates of 12 chicks per cage were considered for each treatme ...201728521051
effect of dietary supplementation of fermented fish silage on serum biochemical parameters of broiler japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding fermented fish silage (ffs) on serum biochemical parameters of japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).201728507408
effect of dietary supplementation of hemp seed (cannabis sativa l.) on meat quality and egg fatty acid composition of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).this study was conducted in two separate experiments. experiment i was conducted to investigate the effects of hemp seed (hs) on meat quality traits, and experiment ii was designed to determine egg fatty acid (fa) composition in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). in experiment i and experiment ii treatments, groups were as follows: (i) control (not included hs0), (ii) 5% hs inclusion to diets, (iii) 10% hs inclusion to diets and (iv) 20% hs inclusion to diets. in experiment i, a total ...201728444789
first report of toxoplasma gondii infection in common quails (coturnix coturnix) intended for human consumption in three provinces of northeastern china.common quails are nutritious food and are also used as medicine in some parts of the world. until now, no information on toxoplasma gondii infection in common quails intended for human consumption in china is available. therefore, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of t. gondii infection in common quails in six cities from shandong, liaoning, and jilin provinces, china. out of 620 common quails examined, 59 (9.52%) were seropositive for t. gondii by the modified agglutination ...201728437182
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