Publications

inheritance of body weight and rate of gain in japanese quail.	the effects of hatch date, location and sex on the body weight and rate of gain in coturnix coturnix japonica were examined. 2. the data conformed to a mixed and adjustments were made for the fixed effects sex, hatch date and location. adjustment improved the precision of the estimates by reducing the error variances significantly. 3. rearing equal numbers of birds from each family at different locations made the interactions negligible. 4. weight gain was greater if illumination intensity up to ...	1976	963569
regulation of intestinal calcium absorption in the laying quail: independent of kidney vitamin d hydroxylation.	two experiments were carried out with laying quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed either cholecalciferol (40 mug/kg) or 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (8 mug/kg). recovery following vitamin d depletion, as indicated by egg production and shell deposition, was faster in quail fed 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol than in those fed cholecalciferol. overall intestinal calcium absorption was higher in the 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol-fed quail due to a higher absorption in the middle parts of the s ...	1976	182938
effect of photoperiod upon age and maintenance of sexual development in female coturnix coturnix japonica.	coturnix kept in a 14l:10d photoperiod from hatch began to lay their first eggs at a mean age of 42.8 days (range 38-55). approximately 2/3 of coturnix held from hatch in photoperiods of 6l:16d light were laying at 165 days of age. mean age at first egg was 112.7 days (range 68-162 days) in 8l:16d and 130.8 days (range 117-158 days) in 6l:18d photoperiod. coturnix transferred from a non-stimulatory (8l:16d) photoperiod to a stimulatory one (14l:10d or 24l) begun laying in 15-20 days if less than ...	1976	951357
auditory stimulation of coturnix embryos coturnix coturnix japonica and its later effect on auditory preferences.		1976	962774
the relative effectiveness of an inanimate stimulus and a live surrogate during imprinting in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.		1976	964445
genetic analysis of tonic immobility in young japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1976	964440
induction of parental behavior in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the japanese quail is a precocial species, and because of its relatively rapid development, sexual maturation in about 40 days after hatching, and prolific breeding capacity, it promises to become an organism well suited for avian research. one stumbling block has been the inability to induce, with any consistency, parental behavior in laboratory stocks. the study reported herein demonstrates a method for establishing a self-perpetuating population under seminaturalistic conditions. in addition, ...	1976	945304
incorporation of tritiated uridine during pachytene and diplotene stages in the oocytes of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	incorporation of 3h-uridine was studied during pachytene and diplotene stages of quail oocytes. no labelling could be detected during early pachytene. during advanced and late pachytene, labelling simultaneously appeared on the macrochromosomes and on certain michromosomes in the zone where they emerge from the chromocentric surface periphery. the latter localization corresponds to the region of ribosomal rna synthesis. at diplotene the same localizations were labelled with a considerably increa ...	1976	942928
produced by selective breeding of japanese quail animal model for experimental atherosclerosis.	the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was bred selectively to produce a strain highly susceptible to experimental atherosclerosis. a population was produced where aortic atherosclerosis is contracted by 99% of the fourth generation males and 83% of the femlaes. forty-three percent of the males exhibited severe atherosclerosis making this line of japanese quail a suitable model for discovering and testing anti-atherosclerosis compounds. this feature is augmented by other features such a ...	1976	1274793
behavioural responses to sex steroids of gonadectomized and sexually regressed quail.	the purpose of these experiments was to compare the behavioural and morphological effects of exogenous sex hormones in gonadectomized quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with those in quail having regressed gonads as a result of exposure to short days. in expt 1, male quail were assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) intact, exposed to 16 h light: 8 h darkness and injected with oil (group 16l); (2) gonadectomized, exposed to 16 h light: 8 h darkness and injected with 2-5 mg testosterone p ...	1976	1255064
the half-life of luteinizing hormone in intact and castrated quail during photoperiodic stimulation.	in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) the plasma concentration of luteinizing hormone (lh) depends on the physiological state of the animal. low levels are found in sexually immature birds on short days (0.8 +/- 0.1 (n = 20) ng/ml) while after exposure to long days, sexually mature birds have a significantly higher lh level (4.4 +/- 0.4 (n = 20) ng/ml). castration of long day males results in an even higher rise in lh concentration to 16.8 +/- 1.8 (n = 16) ng/ml. when the half-life ...	1976	964208
[age-specific learning ability in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica)].	the main question of our investigation is: do there exist age-specific learning abilities in animals? 120 quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) of 12 different age groups (between one day and 20 weeks) were tested in a combination apparatus 0y using two training methods. 60 quails were trained with decreasing (1), 60 other quails with increasing learning assistance (2). in each case the learning period lasted 5 days after which the animals were tested in a two-way choice apparatus and in a simple ...	1976	942637
magnesium deficiency, requirement and toxicity in the young japanese quail.	studies of magnesium deficiency, requirement and toxicity in the young japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were conducted. day-old birds were fed an adequate purified diet containing 35% soy protein to 2 weeks of age. residual magnesium in the diet without any added magnesium salts was 21 p.p.m. magnesium was supplied by graded amounts of mgso4 to a total of 11 levels ranging from 125 to 2,000 p.p.m. deficiency signs included poor growth, and occasionally excitability, gasping and convul ...	1976	934998
effect of dieldrin and calcium on the performance of adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dieldrin and calcium on reproductive performance of quail. at 25% egg production the quail received diets containing 0,10 or 25 p.p.m. of dieldrin for 6, 28-day periods in experiment 1 and 0, 5, or 25 p.p.m. of dieldrin for 4, 28-day periods in experiment 2. pesticide treatments were employed with diets containing 0.5% and 3.0% calcium. the results show that egg shell thickness, cracked eggs, egg production, feed consumption, egg weights ...	1976	934984
[on the histotopochemistry of the uterovaginal region in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) (author's transl)].	the surface epithelium of vagina, uterovaginal region and uterus as well as the uterine and uterovaginal glands of 18 mature female quails were studied with histochemical methods. as in other avian species also in the quail a storage of spermatozoa in the lightly coiled uterovaginal glands takes place. the functional specialization of these glands is underlined by their distinct enzyme pattern. a strong reactivity of enzymes from oxidative pathways and of adenosine triphosphatase between epithel ...	1976	137647
evaluation of 45 chemicals as chemosterilants in adult male quail (coturnix coturnix).		1976	825643
contribution of gular flutter to evaporative cooling in japanese quail.	oxygen consumption, body temperature (tb), and evaporative water loss (mwe) were determined in intact japanese quail (coturnix coturnix), and in quail in which the hyoid musculature responsible for gular flutter had been surgically transected several days prior to study. abolishing gular flutter reduced total mwe by an average of 20% at air temperatures (ta) above 40 degrees c. treated birds developed a significantly greater degree of hyperthermia during acute heat stress than the controls and, ...	1976	931873
effects of dietary dilution with fibre on the food intake and gut dimensions of japanese quail.	japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed on either a conventional diet (low-fibre) or the same diet diluted with 200 g oak sawdust/kg (high-fibre). the lengths of the colo-rectum, small intestine, two caeca combined and empty gizzard weight were measured at 10 and 20 weeks of age. food intake and rate of passage were measured and an approximate measure of digestibility was also made. 2. there were separate effects of dietary fibre, sex and age on gut size. it was larger in birds fed ...	1976	1000323
[biochemical polymorphism in the red partridge (alectoris rufa)].	egg white proteins, hemoglobin, serum proteins and enzymes from alectoris rufa have been examined by starch gel electrophoresis. all three genetic parameters, mean proportion of loci polymorphic per population (p), mean numbers of alleles per locus (a), and mean proportion of loci heterozygous per individual (h) are given for alectoris rufa, and comparison were made between the proteins of the related species coturnix coturnix japonica.	1976	64137
immunohistochemical localization of lh-producing cells in the adenohypophysis of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the cells that produce luteinizing hormone (lh) in the adenohypophysis of the japanese quail were identified immunohistochemically using anti-chicken lh serum and horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit gamma globulin serum. the lh cells are localized in the caudal lobe of the pars distalis. they are elongate in shape shape and are polarized toward the sinusoids, especially in their active states. alterations in size of lh cells are directly related to changes in circulating lh levels as ...	1976	1268921
eimeria tenella: host specificity in gallinaceous birds.	eight species representing 8 genera of gallinaceous birds were used: alectoris graeca; colinus virginianus; coturnix coturnix; gallus gallus; meleagris gallopavo; numidia meleagris; pavo cristatus; phasianus colchicus. three week-old birds were dosed with sporulated oocysts of eimeria tenella beltsville strain. at 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144, and 168 hr after inoculation, 1-3 infected birds and uninoculated controls of each species were killed by cardiac exsanguination. pieces of intestines w ...	1976	1271306
calcium-binding protein and calcium absorption in the laying quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	a vitamin d3-dependent calcium-binding protein (cabp) has been found in the intestinal mucosa of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). this protein is similar, if not identical to that of the chick (gallus domesticus). a similar protein fraction appears also in uterine mucosa of laying quail. both intestinal and uterine cabp levels are higher in laying than in non-laying quails. uterine cabp was higher during egg shell formation than during uterine inactivity. the slight corresponding dif ...	1976	180508
fungus-fermented soybeans benefit the life cycle of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	feeding quail chicks diets containing soybeans fermented with two cultures of aspergilli (a. oryzae n.r.r.l. 451 and a. oryzae n.r.r.l. 506) resulted in significantly superior weight gains (p less than 0.05) through a 4-week growth period and confirmed previous observations made with identical cultures in broiler studies. subsequent hen-day egg production and egg size were changed little by diets containing fermented soybeans. the numerical increases in fertility and hatchability were not signif ...	1976	945574
comparative effects of niridazole on spermatogenesis and reproductive capacity in the mouse, rat and japanese quail.	niridazole is an effective schistosomicidal compound which, at lower dose levels, affects schistosome gonads. its antifertility and possible mutagenic effects after various courses of oral treatment were compared in mice, rats and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). in all three species the meiotic stage of spermatogenesis was particularly affected. in mice the highest dose rate (five daily doses of 100 mg/kg) produced sterility during the 4th week. rats were more susceptible, the compo ...	1976	946818
[quantitative aspects of the colonization of the gonads by germ cells in the quail embryo (coturnix coturnix japonical)].	a quantitative analysis made on quail embryos coming from 13 isolated parent-couples reveals some significative variations of a genetic origin, between some of the offspring studied: the differences observed concern both the quantitative importance of the colonization of gonads by germ cells and the asymmetrical distribution of pggs (primordial germ cells) between the two genital ridges. the chronological study of the colonization in the quail shows, as in both the duck and the chick, two period ...	1976	947997
ontogeny of the avian thymus and bursa of fabricius studied in interspecific chimeras.	differences in the structure of the interphase nucleus between two species of birds, the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the chick (gallus gallus) have been used to distinguish cells from different origins in interspecies combinations. this biological cell marking technique was applied to thymus and bursa of fabricius histogenesis. using various combinations between components of quail and chick thymic and bursic rudiments, the respective contribution of endodermal epithelium, me ...	1976	1008530
correlative cytological and histochemical studies on the avian oogenesis.	a correlative cytological and histochemical study has been made of oogenesis in birds (pigeon, columbia livia; brown dove, streptopelia senegalensis; ring dove, s. dacaocto; domestic fowl. gallus domesticus; and quail, coturnix coturnix). balbiani's vitelline body consisting of large yolk nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies and lipid bodies of variable composition is gradually developed in the juxtanuclear cytoplasm of their young oocytes. histochemical tests indicate that the yolk nucleus consi ...	1976	1020422
[new faunal and biological observations on ticks in abruzzo].	ticks collected during the years 1975-76 in abruzzo (prov. l'aquila and chieti) italy are reported. the following species have been identified: ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, dermacentor marginatus, haemaphysalis sulcata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus sanguineus, hyalomma marginatum. new hosts are: felis catus for ixodes canisuga; scolopax rusticola, motacilla flava, corvus cornix for ixodes frontalis; sciurus vulgaris for haemaphysalis punctata; garrul ...	1976	1032325
the folacin requirements of broiler chicks and quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	six experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary composition on the folacin requirement of broiler chicks and to determine the folacin requirement of growing japanese quail. the folacin requirement of both chicks and quail could not be determined when an isolated soybean protein based diet containing 0.44 mg. folacin per kilogram was used. dietary composition affects folacin requirement of growing broiler chicks. three values for the folacin requirement of growing broiler chic ...	1977	611491
heart rate response to light in the embryo of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix).	the effects of exposure to light were investigated during and shortly after the period of light stimulation. a particular objective was to evaluated any responses to the type of illumination conditions generally used for observation of avian embryos. twenty 16-day japanese quail embryos were illuminated for 15 minutes each during a total recording period of 55 minutes. heart rate, respiration rate and an approximate measure of activity were recorded. mean heart rate was found to be higher during ...	1977	908914
the role of the subfornical organ in drinking induced by angiotension in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	synthetic 5-valine angiotensin ii (aii) induced copious drinking when applied directly to the the subfornical organ (sfo) in the japanese quail. reliable response was obtained with as little as 1 ng of aii. the amount of water intake increased dose-dependently from 5 ng to 1 microgram. a latent period of 73.0 +/- 11.0 seconds at 100 ng was noted. the electrical destruction of the sfo significantly reduced the amount of water intake induced by both intravenous and intracranial aii injections. the ...	1977	597841
diet composition and cholesteremia in japanese quail.	male, japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were given ad libitum access to one of four diets: a corn-soybean meal control, control plus 1% cholesterol, a glucose-soybean meal with 10% fat plus 1% cholesterol (inducer) or inducer minus 1% cholesterol for an initial 12 weeks beginning at 22 weeks of age. serum and liver cholesterol concentrations of quail fed the 1% cholesterol supplemented diets averaged respectively, 5.3 and 10.3 times higher than those from quail fed the corresponding di ...	1977	611506
rapid accumulation of cholesterol in serum, liver and aorta of japanese quail.	five-week-old, male, japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were given ad lib. access to either a glucose-soybean meal diet with 10% fat and 1% cholesterol (inducer) diet, or a corn-soybean meal (control) diet for 10 weeks. at the beginning of the experiment, and at two week intervals thereafter, quail from each treatment were killed, and the cholesterol concentrations of serum, aorta, and liver, as well as the extent of lipid accumulation in the intima of the aortas were determined. the ch ...	1977	611498
suppression of pineal multiunit response to flash after habenular lesion in quail.	habenular nuclei were completely destroyed in male photostimulated and nonphotostimulated quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). lesion of the nuclei habenulae led to a markedly increased pineal multiunit activity (mua) pattern in both long and short daily photoperiods compared to control values. intact, as well as habenular lesioned birds, showed a lower level of pineal mua under long-day rearing than under short-day rearing. the decrease in pineal firing rates found in controls under repetitive f ...	1977	910942
utility of selected line (sea) of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) for the discovery of new anti-atherosclerosis drugs.	a special line of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was developed by selective breeding to screen for new drugs that are effective in either preventing or reversing atherosclerosis. by the fourth or fifth generation, approximately 95% of the males of the selected line developed aortic atherosclerosis in response to a 2% cholesterol atherogenic diet. the arterial cholesterol level was significantly elevated after 1 week on the diet and was 14 times the control level after 14 weeks. ...	1977	592732
[germ cell colonization of gonads in experimental quail twin embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica)].	at the same development stage, two quail twin embryos from right and left halves of a blastoderm contain together as many germ cells as a normal embryol. these are asymmetricaly distributed between the twins as between the right and left genital ridges of control embryos.	1977	410552
binomial assessment of behavioral-phenotypic variations: constancy of choices, trial effects, and social interaction effects in mass-screened color preferences of quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica).	individual variations in repeated approach choices between colors by quail chicks were efficiently and reliably identified by methods of binary mass screening and binomial assessment. choices between a pair of identical white stimuli showed only random variations, which indicated that position habit, systematic alternation, and extraneous stimulus factors did not influence performances. choices between blue and red colors showed significant individual variations, which were free of influences fr ...	1977	893748
the embryonic development of theproctodeal gland of coturnix coturnix japonica (aves).	the embryogenesis of the proctodeal gland and development of the connective tissue of the associated lamina propria in the dorsal wall of the proctodeum of common coturnix (coturnix c. japonica) were studied on embryos collected at 12-hour intervals from day 7 of incubation through hatching. gland development began at 9.5 days from ectodermal-derived epithelial buds developing in the craniolateral region of the dorsal proctodeal epithelium. at 11 days, the epithelial buds had become solid convol ...	1977	900523
the effect of prolactin on reproductive function in female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the anti-gonadal or anti-gonadotropic actions of prolactin in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were re-investigated. treatment of mature regularly laying quail with 16 i.u. of ovine prolactin (nih-p-s11) per day for 7 or 14 days caused significant (p less than .05) decreases in ovarian and oviductal weight and a reduction in egg production by the third day of treatment. the most frequent response to prolactin was complete cessation of ovulation for the duration of the experiment, but ...	1977	605076
[effects of herbicides (gramoxone and defenuron) on the development and protein levels of quail (coturix coturix japonica)].	the herbicides gramoxone (active substance paraquat dichloride) and defenuron (active principle n-phenyl-n'-methylurea) were studied as influencing the development of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the proteins in their blood serum. the aqueous solution of gramoxone (500 ppm), applied to the egg surface, reduces the hatchability percentage and delays hatching. under similar conditions, defenuron has no inhibitory effect on embryonal development. gramoxone in drinking water ( ...	1977	411224
effect of dietary dl-ethionine on egg laying and activities of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial l-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases in liver and kidney of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the effect of dietary dl-ethionine on egg laying and activities of succinate dehydrogenases, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial l-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases, in liver and kidney of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica was investigated. when quail at full laying were fed a diet supplemented with dl-ethionine at 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.30% (w/w), respectively, apparent dl-ethionine concentration dependent inhibitions of egg laying rate, weights of ovary and oviduct, and egg weight were ...	1977	870646
effect of dietary dl-ethionine and/or dl-methionine on egg laying and activities of some cytoplasmic nad linked-dehydrogenases and nadph-producing enzymes in liver of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the effect of dietary dl-ethionine and/or dl-methionine on egg laying, and activities of some nad linked-dehydrogenases and nadph-producing enzymes in liver of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica was investigated. a 0.30% dl-ethionine plus 0.30% dl-methionine supplemented diet reversed partially the egg laying inhibited by the diet with 0.30% dl-ethionine alone. no inhibitory effect on egg laying was observed for the diet supplemented with 0.30% dl-methionine alone. in marked contrast to ...	1977	16100
the gene of golden plumage colour linked with lower fertility in mangurian golden quail.	relation between golden plumage colour and lowered fertility has been found in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). golden colour of plumage is due to the presence of a single gene g, while its recessive alleles gg determine partridge-like colour. homozygotic birds of gg pattern die during incubation.	1977	24317533
[histotopic of glycosidases in the oviduct of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) (author's transl)].	the activities of 6 glycosidases (n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-galactosidase, alpha-fucosidase and alpha-mannosidase) in the oviduct of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied with histochemical methods. alpha-galactosidase and alpha-fucosidase showed a weak to moderate activity in the surface epithelium and in most of the glands of the oviduct. a distinct reactivity of beta-glucuronidase was observed in the surface epithelium of the wh ...	1977	204147
ultrastructure of the parathyroid gland of the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.		1978	750947
the effect of hypophysectomy on the quail's oviduct response to low and high doses of estradiol benzoate.	the response of the quail's (coturnix coturnix japonica) oviduct to different doses of estradiol benzoate (eb) was explored in ovariectomized and ovariectomized-hypophysectomized animals. doses of eb ranged from 10 microgram to 1 mg/animal daily for 6 consecutive days; animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection. controls were injected with olive oil. parameters thought to reflect stimulation of the oviduct were 1) wet and dry weight, 2) dna, 3) rna, 4) soluble proteins, 5) ovalbumin, ...	1978	744154
response to bidirectional and reverse selection for mating behavior in japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica.	reported is a genetic analysis of mating behavior in male japanese quail. data were obtained from replicated experiments involving 12 generations of divergent selection for high and low cumulative number of completed matings (cncm). no trait measured in the randombred control population changed significantly over time. asymmetrical responses between the divergent lines were observed during various phases of selection. reversed selection showed that additive genetic variance remains in the high l ...	1978	736872
parenchymal fine structure of the subfornical organ in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the parenchyma of the subfornical organ (sfo) of the japanese quail was studied by light and electron microscopy. the sfo consists of ependymal, intermediate, and basal (perimeningeal) layers. in the intermediate layer, neurons, glial cells, and their processes are found. axons containing dense core granules approximately 80 nm in diameter are numerous, some of which make synaptic contact with the neuronal perikarya or dendrites. synaptic vesicles in some axons contain a dense dot in the interio ...	1978	688362
surface fine structure of the subfornical organ in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the surface ultrastructure of the subfornical organ (sfo) was investigated in the japanese quail. the sfo consists of a body and a stalk. the body of the sfo can be divided into rostral and caudal parts. on the rostral part, each ependymal cell possesses a short central solitary cilium; clustered cilia are also occasionally seen. microvilli are abundant. on the caudal part, cells with a solitary cilium are fewer in number, and clustered cilia are rarely found. microvilli are not as abundant as o ...	1978	688361
a fine structural study of liver (littoral) cells of methylmercury fed japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	tissues of japanese quails were subjected to electron microscopical study. the birds had received 0-8 ppm methylmercury added to their diets for 6 weeks. the ultrastructural changes in the littoral cells of the liver were swollen mitochondria, with dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum, loss of ribosomes from the rough endoplasmic reticulum and an increase in the number of vesicles in the cytoplasm. the nuclear membrane in some littoral cells became dilated, and the nuclear chromatin was conde ...	1978	696349
the uterovaginal sperm host glands of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): an ultrastructural and ultracytochemical study.	ultrastructural and ultrahistochemical studies were performed on the uterovaginal sperm host glands of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the proximal parts of the glandular necks are lined by a pseudostratified epithelium, consisting of high columnar ciliated cells and small, irregular shaped, basal cells. the true glandular epithelium is composed only of columnar cells with microvilli on their luminal end. a characteristic luminal feature is a large lipid droplet in the perinuclear region ...	1978	688348
dieldrin, ca and p balance, and characteristics of the egg in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	a study was made of the ca and p balance, ca and p content in the femur, physical characteristics of the egg, mineral structure of the shell, and the number of eggs in quails treated with dieldrin (20 mg/kg of diet) for 48 days. the diet contained 3.24% ca and 0.72% p. the ca and p balance, the bone contents of ca and p and the calcemia in the males were not changed by the pesticide. in the females, the pesticide decreased the amount of excreted ca and ca in the egg, for which reason the coeffic ...	1978	674041
effects of drugs that modify brain monoamine concentrations on photoperiodically-induced testicular growth in coturnix quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1978	630021
response of lipogenic enzymes to intensity and duration of overfeeding in the adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1978	629919
endocrine cells in the pyloric region of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the endocrine cells of the pyloric region of the japanese quail have been studied by light and electron microscopy. the quail pyloric region is a narrow circular zone (about 2 mm in width) between the gizzard and the duodenum. the endocrine cells are concentrated in this region, and they are represented by argyrophil cells. at least five types of endocrine cells are identified in this region by electron microscopy. type i cells are characterized by having round and large granules (350--550 nm in ...	1978	736752
ovarian responses and serum lh levels after retraction or removal of the oviduct in japanese quail.	the effects of oviduct removal, oviduct displacement or sham-operation were studied in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). no significant differences were observed between the treatments for body weight, number of follicles larger than or equal to 6 mm diam., or number of ruptured follicles. retraction or removal of the oviduct resulted in similar significant increases (p less than 0.05) in ovarian weight, diameter of the largest follicle, and serum lh levels when compared with the cont ...	1978	621700
ultrastructure of the subfornical organ of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix.		1978	639095
eastern equine encephalomyelitis outbreak in coturnix quail.	eastern equine encephalomyelitis (eee) was the cause of heavy mortality in coturnix quail (coturnix coturnix) reared commercially in south carolina. the birds showed depression, tremor, and partial paralysis that advanced into complete paralysis, torticollis, and death within a few hours. the only consistent lesion on necropsy was a catarrhal enteritis in the duodenal area. the disease spread rapidly to all pens throughout the two houses on the farm in all birds over 2 weeks old, and mortality r ...	1978	697663
isolation of mycoplasma gallisepticum from sinuses of three quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1978	741620
the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as a laboratory animal.	the use of the japanese quail as a laboratory animal was first reported in 1959. since then this species has been increasingly used as an avian model for biomedical research. a quail colony was recently established in the dental research institute to provide adult birds for teratogenicity and toxicity studies. these birds are not widely used for biological research in south africa at present. the housing, husbandry, breeding and nutrition of this species is described, together with the biomethod ...	1978	745199
involvement of cholecalciferol metabolism in birds in the adaptation of calcium absorption to the needs during reproduction.	1. the metabolism of calcium and cholecalciferol in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and chicken (gallus domesticus) during maturation was correlated to gonadal activity and plasma oestrogen levels. 2. birds with undeveloped ovaries (immature), developed ovaries but not laying (mature), and after laying 3-8 eggs (laying), were used in the first series. 3. birds in which egg production had been arrested by nicarbazin, were used in the second series. 4. plasma 17 beta-oestradiol and calcium were ...	1978	233778
comparative chemical studies on the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) egg ovalbumin.	1. three components of quail ovalbumin were fractionated by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. 2. these were a1, a2, and a3, of which the major is a2. they contained phosphorus of 3, 2 and 1 residues, respectively. 3. the amino acid composition were higher in lys, asp, ser, thr and gly, and lower in arg, glu and ile than chicken ovalbumin. 4. the carbohydrate compositions were slightly higher in hexose and lower in hexosamine than chicken ovalbumin. 5. the molecular weight was deter ...	1978	318336
[the effect of proteins from tannery wastes on body proteins in birds].	the effect of 7.0% and 3.5% proportion of lime protein, produced according to the patent csp 133.077, in the diet was studied under laboratory conditions, as exerted on the growth rate of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and on the level of serum proteins and keratins in the feathers of these birds. the second generation of quail fed this diet showed an improvement of growth at the final stage and significant internal changes in the protein spectrum of the blood serum. electrophoresis ...	1978	96565
[ultradian (between 5 and 70 minutes) respiratory (vo2, vco2) rhythms of 4 small vertebrates used in biomedical research].	four laboratory vertebrate species with a predominant activity, either diurnal (coturnix coturnix japonica), nocturnal (rattus norvegicus, mus musculus), or equivocal (cavia porcellus), present, in usual housing conditions (temperature 20 degrees c, hygrometry 60-70%, acoustical background 70 db, ld12:12 lighting l = 150 lx), food and water ad libitum, ultradian respiratory (vo2, vco2) rhythms of short periods. the frequencies of these rhythms are independent of food intake and activity variatio ...	1979	118819
the epididymal region of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the epididymal region of the japanese quail was studied histologically. the organ consists of the extratesticular portion of the rete testis, the ductuli efferentes proximales and distales, the ducti conjugentes and ductus epididymidis. distinct tubuli recti link the seminiferous tubules with the rete testis. the non-ciliated cells of the ductuli efferentes proximales and distales show, between them, certain internal structural differences which were highlighted. in 40% of the birds, the ductus ...	1979	433566
pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in blood plasma of quail, pheasants, and cranes.	rate of appearance, peak concentration, and the biological half-life of gentamicin in the plasma of quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasants (phasianus colchicus), and cranes (grus canadensis tabida) were studied. gentamicin was given im in doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of body weight. peak plasma concentrations occurred earliest in the quail, latest in the cranes. the peak concentrations varied directly with the administered doses in all species. the biological half-life of gentamicin was 42 +/- 12 ...	1979	475144
involvement of catecholaminergic nerve fibers in angiotensin ii-induced drinking in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	monamine distribution in a septohypothalamic area was investigated in the japanese quail using a histochemical fluorescence method. this area includes the subfornical organ (sfo) and the preoptic area (poa) which are inferred dipsogenic receptor sites for angiotensin ii (aii) in the japanese quail. nerve fibers showing yellow-green fluorescence were found between the poa and the sfo. thwy traversed from the poa to the sfo, and some fibers seemed to terminate on the neurons in the sfo. after a lo ...	1979	487128
micro-stereological study of the avian epididymal region.	morphometric studies of the epididymal region of three avian species (gallus domesticus, coturnix coturnix japonica, japanese quail, and numida meleagris, guinea-fowl) were performed using a stereological compensating eyepiece graticule. the proportions of the volume of the region made up of rete testis lacunae, proximal and distal efferent ductules, connecting ducts, ductus epididymidis, blood vessels and connective tissue were determined. the efferent ductules constituted the largest proportio ...	1979	536308
testosterone and sex related physical characteristics during the maturation of the male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1979	572248
abnormal organization of the cerebellar cortex in the mutant japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.		1979	497820
response of lipogenic enzymes and plasma lipids to starvation and refeeding in the adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1979	41568
the metabolism of cholecalciferol in the liver of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with particular reference to the effects of oestrogen.	1. studies were carried out in vitro with the livers of japanese quail that had been fed from hatching on diets supplying their full requirements for vitamin d. 2. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol was the major metabolite when liver homogenates of egg-laying female and oestrogen-treated quail of both sexes were incubated with [3h]cholecalciferol. 3. very little 25-hydroxycholecalciferol was generated from liver homogenates of adult male and immature quail. instead the cholecalciferol was converted into ...	1979	229826
stereospecific analysis of glycerolipids of egg yolk of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and triacylglycerol were isolated from egg yolk of the japanese quail. fatty acid compositions at the two and three positions of glycerol in the glycerolipids were determined by stereospecific analysis employing phospholipase a2. the distribution of the total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid moieties of triacylglycerol was also quantitated by high temperature gas liquid chromatography. the distribution of acyl groups in each of the positions ...	1979	575185
cholinesterase activity in japanese quail dusted with carbaryl.	japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were dusted with 5% carbaryl to determine if this topical treatment would alter plasma and brain cholinesterase activities. within 6 hours after dusting, plasma cholinesterase activity was depressed compared with controls, the depression averaging 20% for females and 27% for males. by 24 hours the cholinesterase activity of females had returned to normal, but the cholinesterase activity of males remained depressed. brain cholinesterase activity was not ...	1979	116071
the influence of the sex-hormone testosterone on body temperature and metabolism of the male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	testosterone causes a significant body temperature decrease in male quails. oxygen consumption/g b. wt remains the same, however.	1979	437037
the ontogeny of crowing and copulatory behavior in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the onset and development of sexual behavior were examined in the male japanese quail. sixteen individuals were observed for crowing, tested for mating, and measured for cloacal gland area at 2-day intervals from day 10 to day 60 posthatch. onset of the behaviors occured in a sequence. crowing began at 32.8 days, mating attempts at 34.3 days and mating (cloacal contacts) at 36.9 days. frequencies of each of these behaviors inceased rapidly from the time of onset. the order in the onset of sexual ...	1979	24896389
cholesteremia in japanese quail: response to a mixture of vitamins c and e and choline chloride.	five-week old, male, japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were given ad libitum access to glucose- soybean meal-10% fat diets containing 0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1% cholesterol, with or without the addition of a vitamin supplement (vitamin c--1 g/kg of diet, vitamin e--30 i.u./kg of diet and choline chloride--5.5 g/kg of diet). after 12 weeks, 9 quail from the 24 quail fed each diet were killed and the total cholesterol concentration of serum, liver, kidney, and aorta was determined. cholesterol ...	1979	539918
blood sampling and intravenous injections in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	the suitability of five different sites (brachial, jugular, caudal tibial vein, external dorsal thoracic vein and the heart) were examined for blood sampling and intravenous injections in japanese quail. in terms of safety, ease of collection, repeated collections or injections, the jugular vein was found to be the most suitable.	1979	439844
experimental study on the nervous connections of some diencephalic and mesencephalic nuclei in coturnix coturnix japonica.	this work is carried out by analysing the retrograde and transneuronal retrograde degenerations appeared following a total or partial unilateral removal of the optical lobe, in coturnix coturnix japonica newborn and adult specimens. by means of this technique we are able to contribute new information on the so far unknown nervous relationships between several mesencephalic (io, sp+ips, tp, pt and spl) and diencephalic (spc, dsod, rt, glv, dlamc and la) nuclei and the optical tectum; we also give ...	1979	536587
reproductive responses of quail to bunker c oil fractions.	bunker c fuel oil was extracted with petroleum ether and the concentrated extract was given to breeding japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a dose of extract equivalent to 300 mg bunker c reduced both egg production and hatchability. fractionation of the extract by absorption on florisil and elution with petroleum ether followed by chloroform yielded fractions that were tested for toxicity. all the fractions had a pronounced effect upon production; however, only the chloroform eluates w ...	1979	485214
effects of light and of testosterone derivatives or antiandrogens on the secretory content of the subcommissural organ of the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	photosensitivity of the quail subcommissural organ (sco) is demonstrated. when the birds are submitted to continuous light the sco cells appear depleted in secretory material and the enzyme activities investigated are of greater intensity. such a diminished secretory content is observed in birds exposed to short daylength when they are injected with testosterone derivatives. besides, injections of antiandrogenic compounds in continuously illuminated quails abolish the decrease of the secretory m ...	1979	458434
the effect of adrenal glands on ovulation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	adrenal involvement in ovulation has been demonstrated for several mammalian species and has recently come under scrutiny in birds. complete adrenalectomy causes severe system imbalances; therefore, it was decided to evaluate the effect of unilateral adrenalectomy on ovulation in coturnix. since no mortality occurred among 59 hens recovering from anesthesia following hemiadrenalectomy, systemic imbalances appeared to be tolerable. hen-day egg production of adrenalectomized hens was significantly ...	1980	7196579
[the effect of the herbicide dinoseb-acetate (aretit) on transaminase (got, gpt) activity in the blood serum and muscles of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)].	an experiment was undertaken to study the effect of the dinoseb-acetate (aretit) herbicide, administered in drinking water at a concentration of 100 and 200 mg x 1(-1) for four days, on the activity of transaminases (got and gpt) in the blood serum and muscle of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). got had higher activity values in the blood serum and muscle of the control and test birds, as compared with gpt. the herbicide increases got activity in the blood serum, whereas the gpt v ...	1980	6777953
changes in plasma concentrations of thyroxine binding prealbumin and retinol binding protein in japanese quail after hatching.	1. male and female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were reared under short daily photo-periods (8 h light-16 h dark) to inhibit sexual development with free access to food and water. blood was sampled at frequent intervals for 13 weeks from hatching in order to monitor the developmental changes in plasma concentrations of the two proteins which are important in the transport of retinol, retinol-binding protein (rbp) and thyroxine-binding prealbumin (tbpa). 2. measurements of body-wei ...	1980	6776983
studies on the amino acid and protein requirements of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	six experiments were conducted to define the amino acid and protein requirements of laying japanese quail. in the initial experiments the diets contained 12% protein from a mixture of casein and soybean meal and were supplemented with essential amino acids and glutamic acid to promote optimum egg production. later studies were conducted with corn-soybean meal diets. results from varying the levels of essential amino acids led to the following estimates of amino acid requirements (as percent of t ...	1980	7433362
participation of the eyes in the photosexual response of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1980	7417677
an analysis of skeletal muscle response to selection for rapid growth in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	a line of japanese quail selected for high body weight at 4 weeks of age (p line) was compared to an unselected control (c) line at 10, 23 and 56 days of age. the increase in the weight of the pectoralis major and supracoracoideus muscles in the p line was paralleled by an increase in total dna, rna and protein content of the muscles when compared to comparable age c line. dna, rna and protein concentrations and rna/dna and protein/dna ratios were similar between lines within age. greater muscle ...	1980	6159255
effect of changing photoperiod on plasma thyroxine-binding prealbumin in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1980	6773850
changes in the pituitary and plasma lh, plasma and follicular progesterone and estradiol, and plasma testosterone and estrone concentrations during the ovulatory cycle of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1980	7419043
somitogenesis in cultured embryos of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.	the ability of unsegmented paraxial mesoderm from japanese quail embryos to form somites was studied by culturing pieces of embryos, containing the segmental plates, on an agar medium. in the first experiments, two explants were prepared from each donor embryo. both explants contained a segmental plate and neural tube, but only one contained notochord. the explants containing notochord formed 11.4 +/- 2.1 somites, while the explants without notochord formed 11.1 +/- 1.3 somites. it was concluded ...	1980	7416048
involvement of catecholaminergic mechanisms in the photoperiodically induced rise in serum luteinizing hormone of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).		1980	7390138
visual information and approach behavior in genetically manipulated quail chicks: preference hierarchies and interactions of flash rate, flash amplitude, luminance, and color.	visual preferences were studied in 18,225 quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) of three genetic populations, in relation to 185 pairs of systematically varied and combined flash rates, flash amplitudes, luminances, and colors. results indicate additive and nonadditive interactions between preference values of stimulus elements embedded in complex stimulus information. flicker preferences changed with changes in overall stimulus liminances, flash amplitudes, and colors. likewise, color prefe ...	1980	7372852
mendelian units of inheritance control color preferences in quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica).	genetic analysis of approach preferences for blue and red colors in 1-day-old, experientially naïve quail, at 12th through 14th generations of bidirectional genetic selection, implicate four to eight segregating units of inheritance. because the quails' initial approach choices are also readily modifiable by experience, these results point the way to studying the mediation of gene effects, environment effects, and gene-environment interactions in visually guided behaviors.	1980	7352267
the neuroendocrine control of gonadotrophin release in the japanese quail. iii. the role of the tuberal and anterior hypothalamus in the control of ovarian development and ovulation.	reproduction in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), as in many other species, is controlled by the length of the daily photoperiod. the present experiments have investigated the neuroendocrine regulation of both the photoperiodically induced 'tonic' gonadotrophin secretion, which causes the development and maintenance of the ovary, and the 'cyclic' surge release of luteinizing hormone (lh), which stimulates ovulation. areas within the anterior and tuberal hypothalamus were destroyed ...	1980	6102391
adult coturnix quail bronchitis.	quail bronchitis was confirmed by recovery of fowl adenovirus serotype 1 from 2 flocks of adult birds (coturnix coturnix japonica) that were reared commercially for their eggs in the republic of singapore. both flocks were reported to have a fall in egg numbers of 10-15%. the main clinical signs were respiratory distress and soft-shelled and white eggs lacking shell pigmentation.	1980	6254496
[repercussions of prolonged ingestion of dieldrin on digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen balance in the quail].	the presence of organochlorated pesticides in foods intended for animal and human consumption is on one hand a real fact and on the other hand, it is known that they could alter some enzymes activities and, consequently, modify, at a larger or lesser extent, the metabolic pathways where they are implicated. according to this, it seemed interesting to study the influence of one of such molecules, dieldrin, on nutrients utilization. the work was carried out on adult quails (coturnix coturnix japon ...	1980	6258465
seasonal changes in plasma retinol-binding holoprotein concentration in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).	1. seasonal changes in retinol-binding holoprotein (holorbp) concentration in plasma of groups of male and female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were examined over 18 months. 2. in expts 1 and 2 the birds were maintained under natural lighting conditions and in expt 3 under artificial-light photoperiods corresponding to the changing daylength at 56 degrees n latitude. all groups were at 18-20 degrees and received superlayers' (rank hovis mcdougall) pellet diet. 3. the mean plasma ho ...	1980	7189666
the ductuli efferentes of the epididymal region of birds.	ultrastructural studies were undertaken on the efferent ductules of the testis of the domestic fowl (gallus domesticus), japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and guinea-fowl (numida meleagris). four cell types were identified and described: ciliated cells which were found in the epithelium of both the proximal and distal segments of the efferent ductules, non-ciliated type i cell which, together with the ciliated cell, formed the epithelium of the proximal efferent ductule and the non-cil ...	1980	7429963
response of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix) to organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity relative to domestic hens (gallus gallus domesticus).		1980	7437555
nematodes of the genus subulura (subuluridae) parasitizing coturnix (galliformes).	two nematode species of the genus subulura, s. skrjabini and s. brumpti, have been recovered from coturnix coturnix (a detailed redescription of the former is attached). the synonymy, geographic distribution and some morphological and metrical characters of these species are discussed. s. noctuae gallinae semenov, 1926 and s. strongylina sensu lópez-neyra (1945) are tentatively regarded as synonyms of s. differens (sonsino, 1890).	1980	6444919