Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| longitudinal microbiome profiling reveals impermanence of probiotic bacteria in domestic pigeons. | probiotics are bacterial species or assemblages that are applied to animals and plants with the intention of altering the microbiome in a beneficial way. probiotics have been linked to positive health effects such as faster disease recovery times in humans and increased weight gain in poultry. pigeon fanciers often feed their show pigeons probiotics with the intention of increasing flight performance. the objective of our study was to determine the effect of two different probiotics, alone and i ... | 2019 | 31206549 |
| effects of eugenol on haemoproteus columbae in domestic pigeons (columba livia domestica) from riyadh, saudi arabia. | eugenol was investigated for the treatment of haemoproteus columbae (h. columbae) infected squabs (young domestic pigeons, columba domestica). thirty naturally-infected squabs were divided into three groups of 10 each. one group was treated with eugenol, while the positive and negative control groups were administered buparvaquone (butalex®) and distilled water, respectively. the number of infected red blood cells (rbcs) was calculated in all groups before and after treatment at 4-day intervals ... | 2019 | 31028133 |
| first molecular identification and subtype distribution of blastocystis sp. isolated from hooded crows (corvus cornix) and pigeons (columba livia) in tehran province, iran. | blastocystis is a common intestinal parasite among humans and animals such as non-human primates, pigs, cattle, birds, amphibians, and less frequently, rats, reptiles and insects. since blastocystis is a widely transmissible parasite between humans and mammals or birds, it is prominent to determine whether newly secluded non-human isolates are zoonotic. there are no comprehensive studies in iran assessing the prevalence and molecular identification of blastocystis infection in birds, especially ... | 2019 | 30711042 |
| determination of the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of trazodone and its effect on the activity level of domestic pigeons (columba livia). | to determine the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of trazodone and its effect on the activity of domestic pigeons (columba livia). | 2019 | 30605036 |
| identification of a novel clade of group a rotaviruses in fatally diseased domestic pigeons in europe. | rotaviruses are well-known causative agents of enteric disorders in humans and other mammals, but little is known about their virulence and pathogenic role in pigeons and other birds. starting in summer 2017, a series of outbreaks of an acute disease with high mortalities was reported in domestic pigeons in germany, belgium and denmark. the clinical picture was characterized by diarrhoea, vomiting, hepatic necrosis and sudden fatalities. from these severe outbreaks, we discovered several previou ... | 2019 | 30407742 |
| prenatal transfer of gut bacteria in rock pigeon. | vertebrates evolved in concert with bacteria and have developed essential mutualistic relationships. gut bacteria are vital for the postnatal development of most organs and the immune and metabolic systems and may likewise play a role during prenatal development. prenatal transfer of gut bacteria is shown in four mammalian species, including humans. for the 92% of the vertebrates that are oviparous, prenatal transfer is debated, but it has been demonstrated in domestic chicken. we hypothesize th ... | 2019 | 31905837 |
| identification and comparative profiling of gonadal micrornas in the adult pigeon (columba livia). | 1. micrornas are small noncoding rna molecules that play crucial roles in gene expression. however, the comparative profiling of testicular and ovarian micrornas in birds are rarely reported, particularly in pigeon.2. in this study, illumina next-generation sequencing technology was used to sequence mirna libraries of the gonads from six healthy adult utility pigeons. a total of 344 conserved known mirnas and 32 novel putative mirnas candidates were detected. compared with those of ovaries, 130 ... | 2019 | 31343256 |
| draft genome sequence of ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone resistant campylobacter jejuni mm26-781 assigned to novel st isolated from common pigeon in lithuania. | campylobacter jejuni is an important zoonotic pathogen known to be resistant to a wide range of antibiotics worldwide. campylobacter jejuni may be intrinsically resistant to antibiotics or can acquire antibiotic resistance determinants through gene transfer. however, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance among campylobacter isolates from wild birds, especially in lithuania, is limited. whole genome sequencing (wgs) is a tool for better understanding the evolutionary a ... | 2019 | 31523125 |
| targeted disruption of torc1 retards young squab growth by inhibiting the synthesis of crop milk protein in breeding pigeon (columba livia). | this study was conducted to explore the regulatory role of the target of rapamycin complex 1 (torc1) signaling pathway in crop milk synthesis in breeding pigeons (columba livia). three groups of breeding pigeons in the lactation period (n = 30 pairs/group) were respectively injected with rapamycin (rapa, a specific inhibitor of the target of rapamycin complex) at doses of 0 (vehicle, control), 0.6, or 1.2 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day via the wing vein for 7 days. the average daily feed intake (adf ... | 2019 | 31504948 |
| chemical and structural analysis of a photoactive vertebrate cryptochrome from pigeon. | computational and biochemical studies implicate the blue-light sensor cryptochrome (cry) as an endogenous light-dependent magnetosensor enabling migratory birds to navigate using the earth's magnetic field. validation of such a mechanism has been hampered by the absence of structures of vertebrate crys that have functional photochemistry. here we present crystal structures of columba livia (pigeon) cry4 that reveal evolutionarily conserved modifications to a sequence of trp residues (trp-triad) ... | 2019 | 31484780 |
| evidence of non-circadian timing in a low response-cost daily time-place learning task with pigeons columba livia. | previous research has shown that rats require high response cost in order to display circadian timing in daily time-place learning (tpl) tasks. for many possible reasons, no explicit effort to explore the effects of response cost on the performance of other species in these tasks has been made. therefore, the present paper explores the effects of response cost on pigeon's performance on a daily tpl task. head entry responses were reinforced according to a random interval schedule of reinforcemen ... | 2019 | 31470061 |
| ontogenetic changes of geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the avian femur: a comparison between precocial and altricial birds. | the mechanical performance of limb bones is closely associated with an animal's locomotor capability and is thus important to our understanding of animal behaviour. this study combined a geometrical analysis and three-point bending tests to address the question of how the mechanical performance of the femurs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and pigeon (columba livia domestica) respond to changing functional demands during ontogeny. results showed that hatchling quails had stiff bon ... | 2019 | 31355453 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the red and green light responses in columba livia domestica. | in this study, 108 paired white king pigeons, randomly divided into three compartments were exposed to green light, red light, and white light followed by 15 h of light exposure, for a 6-month period. three female birds from each group were selected and ovarian stromal tissue was collected. pigeon reproductive data were also recorded every day. we performed transcriptome assembly on several tissue samples using illumina hiseq 2000 and analyzed differentially expressed genes involving follicle de ... | 2019 | 30622858 |
| aging is associated with larger brain mass and volume in homing pigeons (columba livia). | in mammals, the brain decreases in mass and volume as a function of age. the current study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to investigate age-related changes in brain mass and volume in birds. following perfusion, brains from young and old homing pigeons were weighed on a balance and orthogonal measurements of the telencephalon, cerebellum, and tecta were obtained with a digital caliper. it was found that older pigeons had heavier brains than younger pigeons, a difference that remain ... | 2019 | 30615974 |
| projections of the densocellular part of the hyperpallium in the rostral wulst of pigeons (columba livia). | the wulst in birds shows a four-layered structure: apical part of the hyperpallium (ha), interstitial part of ha (iha), intercalated part of hyperpallium (hi), and densocellular part of hyperpallium (hd). the wulst consists of a small rostral somatosensory region and a larger caudal visual region. the visual hd relays visual information to iha and ha in the wulst and also transfers visual information to the hippocampal formation (atoji et al., j comp neurol 526: 146-165, 2018). however, fiber pa ... | 2019 | 30610876 |
| ectoparasite sharing among native and invasive birds in a metropolitan area. | parasite-mediated competition has been reported to be one of the most harmful, although overlooked, impacts that alien species have on native ecosystems. monk parakeets myiopsitta monachus are successful invaders in europe, where they have been introduced from south america. colonial nests of these parrots may also host other species, e.g. the rock pigeon columba livia forma domestica. in this work, we analysed the ectoparasite composition of monk parakeets in barcelona (spain) and we evaluated ... | 2019 | 30565194 |
| testing analogical rule transfer in pigeons (columba livia). | categorization is an essential cognitive process useful for transferring knowledge from previous experience to novel situations. the mechanisms by which trained categorization behavior extends to novel stimuli, especially in animals, are insufficiently understood. to understand how pigeons learn and transfer category membership, seven pigeons were trained to classify controlled, bi-dimensional stimuli in a two-alternative forced-choice task. following either dimensional, rule-based (rb) or infor ... | 2019 | 30508704 |
| microbial load and antibiotic resistance patterns of escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis isolates from the meat of wild and domestic pigeons. | an expansion in the consumption of pigeon meat has occurred in recent years. however, little is known about microbial load and antibiotic resistance of this foodstuff. the hygiene status and the antibiotic resistance patterns (disc diffusion; clinical and laboratory standards institute, clsi) of escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis isolates from wild and domestic pigeon carcasses were investigated. average microbial loads (log10 cfu/cm2) ranged from 1.40 ± 1.17 (fecal coliforms) to 3.68 ± ... | 2019 | 31683845 |
| experimental characterization of the complete life cycle of haemoproteus columbae, with a description of a natural host-parasite system used to study this infection. | characterization of complete life cycles of haemoparasites requires the maintenance of suitable susceptible vertebrate hosts and vectors for long periods in captivity, in order to follow the complete parasitic cycle in definitive and intermediate hosts. currently, there are few host-parasite models established in avian haemosporidian research, and those have been developed mainly for species of passeriformes and their parasites. this study aimed to develop an experimental methodology to access t ... | 2019 | 31628938 |
| differences between the filling velocities of the left and right heart ventricle in racing pigeons (columba livia f. domestica) and the influence of anesthesia with isoflurane. | the ventricular filling velocities during diastole and the influence of isoflurane anesthesia on these blood flow velocities of the racing pigeon (n = 43) are evaluated by pulsed-wave (pw) doppler sonography. sonographic examination demonstrates an early passive ventricular (e wave) and late active (a wave) ventricular filling. the results indicate differences between the two heart ventricles. especially, the e wave velocity of the right heart is significantly lower than in the left heart, which ... | 2019 | 31601033 |
| feeding ecology of blue rock pigeon (columba livia) in the three districts of punjab, pakistan. | present paper provides information on the feeding regimens of the two genders of the blue-rock pigeon (columba livia linn.) in the sampled habitats of the three districts viz. rawalpindi, faisalabad and bahawalpur of the punjab province, pakistan. this feral pigeon, considered ubiquitous species, inhabits both the grasslands and clumped environments to establish their roosts and nests. the study explored about comparable feeding proportions from three major habitats of the pigeons which were cap ... | 2019 | 31800769 |
| cryptococcus neoformans recovered from olive trees (olea europaea) in turkey reveal allopatry with african and south american lineages. | cryptococcus species are life-threatening human fungal pathogens that cause cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in both immunocompromised and healthy hosts. the natural environmental niches of cryptococcus include pigeon (columba livia) guano, soil, and a variety of tree species such as eucalyptus camaldulensis, ceratonia siliqua, platanus orientalis, and pinus spp. genetic and genomic studies of extensive sample collections have provided insights into the population distribution and composition of ... | 2019 | 31788454 |
| diversity, virulence factors, and antifungal susceptibility patterns of pathogenic and opportunistic yeast species in rock pigeon (columba livia) fecal droppings in western saudi arabia. | bird fecal matter is considered a potential source of pathogenic microbes such as yeast species that contaminate the environment. therefore, it needs to be scrutinized to assess potential environmental health risks. the aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of the yeasts in pigeon fecal droppings, their antifungal susceptibility patterns, and virulence factors. we used culturing techniques to detect the yeasts in pigeon fecal droppings. the isolates were then characterized based on ... | 2019 | 31880893 |
| rotavirus a associated with clinical disease and hepatic necrosis in california pigeons (columba livia domestica). | retrospective analysis of pigeon necropsy submissions to the california animal health and food safety laboratory system from 2000 to 2018 revealed 14 submissions diagnosed with rotavirus a hepatic necrosis or "reoviruslike" viral hepatitis. nine of the 14 submissions (64%) occurred in 2018. submissions were racing pigeons and squab breeders from flocks with increased mortality. juvenile and adult pigeons were submitted with a history of depression, diarrhea, regurgitation, labored breathing, and ... | 2019 | 31865680 |
| a comparative study on anti-inflammatory drug combinations in domestic pigeons with experimentally induced acute arthritis. | the study compares the effect of one-time administration of nonsteroidal and/or steroidal anti-inflammatory combinations by topical or intramuscular (im) routes to pigeons with monosodium urate (msu)-induced arthritis. forty-five adult domestic pigeons were assigned into nine equal groups: nc, negative control; pc, positive control with arthritis; sham, sham control; t1, meloxicam + hydrocortisone; t2, dexamethasone + piroxicam; t3, meloxicam + dexamethasone; t4, hydrocortisone + piroxicam; t5, ... | 2019 | 31842592 |
| high prevalence of cryptococcus neoformans and isolation of other opportunistic fungi from pigeon (columba livia) droppings in northeast iran. | cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes cryptococcosis, a life-threatening infection that usually manifests as meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients. pigeon (columba livia) droppings can spread pathogenic yeasts and mold fungi, such as c neoformans, in the environment. the objective of this study was to isolate c neoformans and other opportunistic fungi from feral pigeon droppings. one hundred twenty samples of feral pigeon droppings were suspended 1:10 ... | 2019 | 31833301 |
| chlamydiaceae in wild, feral and domestic pigeons in switzerland and insight into population dynamics by chlamydia psittaci multilocus sequence typing. | feral pigeons, common wood pigeons and eurasian collared doves are the most common representatives of the columbidae family in switzerland and are mostly present in highly populated, urban areas. pigeons may carry various members of the obligate intracellular chlamydiaceae family, particularly chlamydia (c.) psittaci, a known zoonotic agent, and c. avium. the objective of the study was to identify the infection rates of common free-roaming pigeons for different chlamydia species with the overall ... | 2019 | 31887111 |
| morphology and cytochemical patterns of peripheral blood cells in domestic pigeon (columba livia). | domestic pigeon (columba livia) is one of few domesticated birds with an important economic value. in this study, a comprehensive investigation on the morphology and cytochemical patterns of peripheral blood cells in domestic pigeons were conducted by using wright's and various cytochemical staining techniques including periodic acid-schiff(pas), sudan black b(sbb), peroxidase(pox), alkaline phosphatase(alp), acid phosphatase(acp), chloroacetic acid as-d naphthol esterase(as-d) and α-naphthol ac ... | 2019 | 31383284 |
| when flocking is costly: reduced cluster-flock density over long-duration flight in pigeons. | birds which fly in coordinated cluster-flocks can benefit through the formation of group-level structures and patterns which can deter predators by visual confusion. though unlike v-formation flight, cluster-flocking increases the energetic cost of flight, particularly in denser flocks. cluster formations therefore provide a unique opportunity to investigate trade-offs between increased work rate (e.g. higher flap frequency) and other benefits of flocking. as part of a routine 9-km training flig ... | 2019 | 31309338 |
| renewal of extinguished behavior in pigeons (columba livia) does not require memory consolidation of acquisition or extinction in a free-operant appetitive conditioning paradigm. | extinction learning is a fundamental capacity for adaptive and flexible behavior. as extinguished conditioned responding is prone to relapse under certain conditions, the necessity of memory consolidation for recovery phenomena to occur has been highlighted recently. several studies have demonstrated that both acquisition and extinction training need to be properly consolidated for a relapse of the original acquired memory trace to occur. does this imply that extinguished responses cannot relaps ... | 2019 | 31102600 |
| the influence of anesthesia with isoflurane on the pulmonary and aortic blood flow of racing pigeons (columba livia f. domestica) measured by pulsed wave doppler echocardiography. | doppler echocardiographic examinations are an important technique for evaluating the blood flow also in avian cardiology. the influence of anesthesia on the blood flow in the heart is in detail unknown for the most avian species. the present study investigated the influence of an isoflurane anesthesia on the systolic blood flow of the aorta and the pulmonary artery in the area of the heart valves examined by pulsed wave doppler sonography in racing pigeons (columba livia f. domestica, n = 43). m ... | 2019 | 31086761 |
| prevalence of intestinal helminth parasites of pigeons (columba livia domestica gmelin 1789) in kano state, north-western nigeria. | in nigeria, helminths have over the last decades been established as important parasite of poultry including pigeons. however, the prevalence of these parasites of pigeons in kano state is yet to be established. the prevalence of helminth parasites of domestic pigeon (columba livia domestica) in kano state, nigeria was investigated in this study. the differences in the prevalence of infection between the pigeons examined on the basis of sex of the pigeon and season of the year were analyzed stat ... | 2019 | 31027594 |
| host defense triggers rapid adaptive radiation in experimentally evolving parasites. | adaptive radiation occurs when the members of a single lineage evolve different adaptive forms in response to selection imposed by competitors or predators. iconic examples include darwin's finches, caribbean anoles, and hawaiian silverswords, all of which live on islands. although adaptive radiation is thought to be an important generator of biodiversity, most studies concern groups that have already diversified. here, we take the opposite approach. we experimentally triggered diversification i ... | 2019 | 31007943 |
| pigeon and poultry breeders, friends or enemies of the northern goshawk accipiter gentilis? a long-term study of a population in central poland. | in this study, we focused on a goshawk population in central poland (study area 105 km²,forests 24 km², seven small forest complexes) which was monitored long-term (with high densitiesrecorded in the 1980s of 16.3 pairs/100 km² despite persecution by farmers) to analyse howenvironmental factors (prey availability and changes in the forest structure) influenced populationabundance, breeding parameters, and diet composition. the study was undertaken from 2011-2018,and the results were compared wit ... | 2019 | 30987031 |
| neurophysiology of avian sleep: comparing natural sleep and isoflurane anesthesia. | propagating slow-waves in electroencephalogram (eeg) or local field potential (lfp) recordings occur during non-rapid eye-movement (nrem) sleep in both mammals and birds. moreover, in both, input from the thalamus is thought to contribute to the genesis of nrem sleep slow-waves. interestingly, the general features of slow-waves are also found under isoflurane anesthesia. however, it is unclear to what extent these slow-waves reflect the same processes as those giving rise to nrem sleep slow-wave ... | 2019 | 30983954 |
| effects of in ovo feeding of l-lysine on hatchability, hatching time, and early post-hatch development in domestic pigeons (columba livia)1. | this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of in ovo feeding (iof) of l-lysine (lys) on hatchability and development in pigeon neonates. at day 13 of incubation, fertile eggs were injected with 200 μl of sterilized saline (0.75%, sc group), 1% conc. lys solution (lys group, 2.11 mg lys dissolved in 200 μl of sterilized saline), with controls not injected (nc group). the results showed that iof of lys decreased the hatchability (p < 0.05) compared with other groups, whereas the hatching tim ... | 2019 | 31287887 |
| global dna methylation changes in rock pigeon (columba livia) as a sentinel species due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure in tehran (iran) as a megacity. | global dna methylation, as an epigenetic modifications, can be a promising genomic marker for monitoring the contaminants and predicting their adverse health effects. the study aims to assess the effects of 16 pah concentration on the altered dna methylation levels in the kidney and liver of rock pigeon (columba livia), as a sentinel species, from tehran megacity as well as 40 days benzo(a)pyrene in vitro exposure: (0.1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg kg-1 bw). data indicated that the total lmw-pah (low ... | 2019 | 31280440 |
| expression of mstn gene and its correlation with pectoralis muscle fiber traits in the domestic pigeons (columba livia). | myostatin (mstn) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and plays an important role in muscle development. in this research, we constructed a tissue expression profile of the pigeon mstn gene in eight tissues and a spatio-temporal expression profile in the pectoral muscle using qrt-pcr method. and the pectoralis muscle fiber traits during pigeon post-hatching stages at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d were analyzed through the paraffin sections. then the correlations between the muscle fiber di ... | 2019 | 31265735 |
| comparison of the immune response to vaccination with pigeon circovirus recombinant capsid protein (picv rcp) in pigeons uninfected and subclinically infected with picv. | infections with immunosuppressive pigeon circovirus (picv) pose the most severe health problem to the global pigeon breeding. the vaccination with immunogenic picv recombinant capsid protein (picv rcp) is a potential tool for disease control. because of the high prevalence of picv asymptomatic infections, the subclinically infected pigeons will be vaccinated in practice. the aim of this study was to answer a question if vaccination of asymptomatic, infected with picv pigeons induces a similar im ... | 2019 | 31251772 |
| effect of three different sedatives on electroretinography recordings in domestic pigeons (columba livia). | this study was conducted to compare the effects of 3 different sedative agents on electroretinography (erg) in domestic pigeons (columba livia). six pigeons were sedated with alfaxalone, xylazine, and medetomidine at separate times with a 1-week washout period between sedative administration. after sedation with each agent, pigeons underwent the modified erg protocol adapted from the standardized protocol for dogs. the scotopic mixed rod and cone response was recorded after 20 minutes of dark ad ... | 2019 | 31251498 |
| pigeon foot feathering reveals conserved limb identity networks. | the tetrapod limb is a stunning example of evolutionary diversity, with dramatic variation not only among distantly related species, but also between the serially homologous forelimbs (fls) and hindlimbs (hls) within species. despite this variation, highly conserved genetic and developmental programs underlie limb development and identity in all tetrapods, raising the question of how limb diversification is generated from a conserved toolkit. in some breeds of domestic pigeon, shifts in the expr ... | 2019 | 31247188 |
| isospora coronoideae n. sp. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the australian raven (corvus coronoides) (passeriformes: corvidae) (linnaeus, 1758) in western australia. | a new isospora (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) species is described from an australian raven (corvus coronoides) in western australia. sporulated oocysts (n = 21) are ovoid, 21.2 (18.4-23.9) μm in length and 18.8 (16.9-20.6) μm in width, with a shape index of 1.13. the bi-layered oocyst wall is smooth and colourless, 1.2 μm thick. a polar granule and oocyst residuum is present, but the micropyle is absent. the sporocysts are ovoid-shaped, 16.3 (13.7-18.9) × 10.7 (8.4-12.9) μm, with a shape index (leng ... | 2019 | 31222390 |
| birds invest wingbeats to keep a steady head and reap the ultimate benefits of flying together. | flapping flight is the most energetically demanding form of sustained forwards locomotion that vertebrates perform. flock dynamics therefore have significant implications for energy expenditure. despite this, no studies have quantified the biomechanical consequences of flying in a cluster flock or pair relative to flying solo. here, we compared the flight characteristics of homing pigeons (columba livia) flying solo and in pairs released from a site 7 km from home, using high-precision 5 hz glob ... | 2019 | 31211769 |
| digital dissection of the head of the rock dove (columba livia) using contrast-enhanced computed tomography. | the rock dove (or common pigeon), columba livia, is an important model organism in biological studies, including research focusing on head muscle anatomy, feeding kinematics, and cranial kinesis. however, no integrated computer-based biomechanical model of the pigeon head has yet been attempted. as an initial step towards achieving this goal, we present the first three-dimensional digital dissection of the pigeon head based on a contrast-enhanced computed tomographic dataset achieved using iodin ... | 2019 | 31205748 |
| pigeon circoviruses from feral pigeons in australia demonstrate extensive recombination and genetic admixture with other circoviruses. | like other avian circovirus species, pigeon circovirus (picv) is known to be genetically diverse with a relatively small circular single-stranded dna genome of 2 kb that encodes for a capsid protein (cap) and a replication initiator protein (rep). recent paleoviral evidence hints towards a probable gondwanan origin of avian circoviruses, paralleling the evolution and dispersal of their hosts. limited availability of picv genome sequence data in australia has hindered phylogeographic studies in t ... | 2019 | 31199167 |
| trichomonas infection in a community of free-ranging domestic and wild columbiformes and bonelli's eagle (aquila fasciata). | trichomonas gallinae is a pathogen of conservation relevance, whose main maintenance hosts are columbiformes, but spillover to avian predators has been described. the goal of this study was to characterize the epidemiology of trichomonas spp. in a community of free-ranging domestic and wild columbiformes and an endangered predator, bonelli's eagle aquila fasciata. we surveyed 253 live-captured rock doves, 16 nestling bonelli's eagles and 41 hunted columbiformes. oro-esophageal swabs were incubat ... | 2019 | 31192234 |
| leucine promotes the growth of squabs by increasing crop milk protein synthesis through the tor signaling pathway in the domestic pigeon (columba livia). | leucine (leu) plays a critical regulatory role in protein synthesis, however, the effects and molecular mechanisms of leu on crop milk protein in the domestic pigeons (columba livia) are still unknown. therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary leu supplementation on crop milk protein synthesis and the growth performance of squabs and the possible underlying mechanism. a total of 240 pairs of breeding pigeons (1102.3 ± 9.5 g/pair) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments ... | 2019 | 31172174 |
| seasonal muscle ultrastructure plasticity and resistance of muscle structural changes during temperature increases in resident black-capped chickadees and rock pigeons. | resident birds in temperate zones respond to seasonally fluctuating temperatures by adjusting their physiology, such as changes in basal metabolic rate or peak metabolic rate during cold exposure, or altering their organ sizes, so as to match the thermogenic requirements of their current environment. climate change is predicted to cause increases in the frequency of heat and cold wave events, which could increase the likelihood that birds will face an environmental mismatch. here, we examined se ... | 2019 | 31171604 |
| the racing pigeon (columba livia domestica) industry in victoria, australia, and epidemiology of a novel group a rotavirus outbreak. | a novel group a rotavirus, first identified clinically in racing, feral and fancy pigeons in western australia, had spread throughout australia by march 2017. in december 2016, the putative index case of rotavirus in racing pigeons in the state of victoria was confirmed at a regional bird sale, with rapid spread to peri-urban melbourne, the capital city. a survey sent to approximately 400 victorian pigeon fanciers identified eight (of 85 respondents) with a confirmed rotavirus infection in their ... | 2019 | 31140207 |
| parasitic affections of domesticated pigeons (columba livia) in jammu, india | the parasitic fauna of domesticated pigeons in jammu region were not recorded and so a survey was undertaken amongst a population of approximately 4000 birds in twelve areas around jammu. ectoparasites and haemoprotozoa from live birds, and endoparasites from dead birds were recorded. ova shed in feces were also screened in four different seasons. ectoparasites recovered include columbicola columbae, campanulotes bidentatus, pseudolynchia canariensis, ctenocephalides sp., psoroptes sp. a total o ... | 2019 | 31127877 |
| intraocular pressure measurement by rebound tonometry (tonovet) in normal pigeons (columba livia). | we evaluated the applicability of a rebound tonometer (tonovet) in pigeon eyes and established normal reference intraocular pressure (iop) values in healthy pigeons; 20 eyes of euthanized pigeons were used for calibration of the tonovet and 48 eyes of 24 adult pigeons were used for measurement of reference iop. first, iop of pigeon eyes ex vivo were measured using the 'd' and the 'p' modes of the tonovet and compared to manometric iop values from 5 to 80 mm hg. then, to establish normal referenc ... | 2019 | 31124611 |
| ex vivo biomechanical comparison of titanium locking plate, stainless steel nonlocking plate, and tie-in external fixator applied by a dorsal approach on ostectomized humeri of pigeons (columba livia). | to compare the bending strength of a locking plate (lp), nonlocking plate (nlp), and an external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin (esf-im) tie-in fixation applied by a dorsal approach in an avian humerus fracture model, 5 left humeri obtained from pigeon (columba livia) cadavers were randomly assigned to each repair technique (n = 15). the esf-im group was repaired with a 0.062-inch intramedullary pin tied-in with two 0.035-inch positive profile transfixation pins using acrylic filled plastic ... | 2019 | 31124609 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci genotypes among birds in northeast iran. | we determined the prevalence of chlamydia psittaci genotypes in asymptomatic and symptomatic birds in northeast iran. samples were collected from 11 species of psittaciformes and 1 species of columbiformes from 2015 to 2016. choanal cleft and cloacal swab samples, fresh fecal samples, and/or tissue samples of 70 symptomatic and 130 asymptomatic birds were collected and tested by molecular detection (nested polymerase chain reaction [pcr] testing specific for c psittaci). results showed c psittac ... | 2019 | 31124608 |
| inclusion body herpesvirus hepatitis in captive falcons in the middle east: a review of clinical and pathologic findings. | inclusion body hepatitis in falcons is caused by a herpesvirus designated falconid hv-1. this herpesvirus and other herpesviruses affecting birds of prey have not been assigned to a genus and include inclusion body herpesvirus hepatitis in eagles (accipitrid hv-1) and inclusion body herpesvirus hepatitis in owls (strigid hv-1). herpesvirus infections have been diagnosed in both captive and free-living raptors across europe, north america, and asia in different species of the family falconidae. h ... | 2019 | 31124605 |
| pretectal projections to the oculomotor cerebellum in hummingbirds (calypte anna), zebra finches (taeniopygia guttata), and pigeons (columba livia). | in birds, optic flow is processed by a retinal-recipient nucleus in the pretectum, the nucleus lentiformis mesencephali (lm), which then projects to the cerebellum, a key site for sensorimotor integration. previous studies have shown that the lm is hypertrophied in hummingbirds, and that lm cell response properties differ between hummingbirds and other birds. given these differences in anatomy and physiology, we ask here if there are also species differences in the connectivity of the lm. the lm ... | 2019 | 30950058 |
| work loop dynamics of the pigeon (columba livia) humerotriceps demonstrate potentially diverse roles for active wing morphing. | control of wing shape is believed to be a key feature that allows most birds to produce aerodynamically efficient flight behaviors and high maneuverability. anatomical organization of intrinsic wing muscles suggests specific roles for the different motor elements in wing shape modulation, but testing these hypothesized functions requires challenging measurements of muscle activation and strain patterns, and force dynamics. the wing muscles that have been best characterized during flight are the ... | 2019 | 30890622 |
| poxvirus infection in a colony of laboratory pigeons (columba livia). | pigeons (columba livia) are used in biomedical research for studies of vision, cognition, neuronal pathways, and spatial orientation. because there are few commercial laboratory sources, research pigeons are typically acquired from local fancier breeders or bred onsite. for acquired pigeons, the health and vaccine status is often unknown. a juvenile pigeon, born onsite and living in an enclosed outdoor loft, presented with small, bleeding, wart-like lesions on the medial aspects of digits 1 and ... | 2019 | 30885287 |
| morphological and molecular appraisal of cyclophyllidean cestoda parasite raillietina saudiae sp. nov. infecting the domestic pigeon columba livia domestica and its role as a bio-indicator for environmental quality. | pigeons members of the order columbiformes are a cosmopolitan group of birds with abundant and large populations associated with human activities. therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the parasitic infections within the domestic pigeon columba livia domestica. eighteen pigeons were examined for the presence of gastrointestinal helminths, of which 77.78% were infected with a cyclophyllidean cestoda parasites. the morphology of this parasite based on light and scanning electron ... | 2019 | 30844482 |
| sox10 regulates multiple genes to direct eumelanin versus pheomelanin production in domestic rock pigeon. | the domesticated rock pigeon (columba livia) has been bred for hundreds of years to display an immense variety of ornamental attributes such as feather color and color patterns. color is influenced by multiple loci that impact the type and amount of melanin deposited on the feathers. pigeons homozygous for the "recessive red" mutation, which causes downregulation of sox10, display brilliant red feathers instead of blue/black feathers. sox10 encodes a transcription factor important for melanocyte ... | 2019 | 30838786 |
| differential expression of e- and n- cadherins during gonadal histogenesis in columba livia (aves: columbiformes). | the spatial organization of cells during tissue differentiation is a crucial process in the morphogenesis of vertebrates. this process involves the movement, separation, and connection of cells. it is essential to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes for the understanding of animal morphogenesis. cell-cell adhesion molecules, called cadherins, are involved in the selective adhesion of cells. in the case of birds, the expression of these molecules in various organ system ... | 2019 | 30826091 |
| hepcidin cdna evolution in vertebrates. | hepcidin, belonging to the β-defensin family, was isolated for the first time from plasma and human urine. it is a cationic peptide, rich in cysteine bound with four disulfide bridges, which plays a major role in innate immunity and iron homeostasis. some vertebrate species have multiple hepcidin homolog genes and each contains only one copy that functions as an iron regulator except hepcidin sequences in the pigeon (columba livia). the aim of this chapter is to investigate the molecular evoluti ... | 2019 | 30798806 |
| effects of in ovo injection of l-histidine on hatch performance and post-hatch development in domestic pigeons (columba livia). | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of in ovo injection of histidine on hatch performance and post-hatch development by determining hatchability, hatching time, bw gain, carcass traits, and intestinal morphology in domestic pigeons (columba livia). a completely randomized design (n = 3) with a l-histidine injection treatment (his group, 0.55 mg histidine dissolved in 200 μl 0.75% saline as 1% conc compared to total histidine in the egg), a 0.75% saline injection treatment (sc ... | 2019 | 30753623 |
| shedding of clade 2.3.4.4 h5n8 and h5n2 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in peridomestic wild birds in the u.s. | european starlings (sturnus vulgaris), house sparrows (passer domesticus) and rock pigeons (columba livia) are all wild birds commonly found in large numbers in and around human dwellings and domestic livestock operations. this study evaluated the susceptibility of these species to three strains of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hp aiv) clade 2.3.4.4 isolated in the u.s.. experimental infection of european starlings and rock pigeons did not result in any overt signs attributable to aiv ... | 2019 | 30740920 |
| exploring the "minimal" structure of a functional adamts13 by mutagenesis and small-angle x-ray scattering. | human adamts13 is a multidomain protein with metalloprotease (m), disintegrin-like (d), thrombospondin-1 (t), cys-rich (c), and spacer (s) domains, followed by 7 additional t domains and 2 cub (complement components c1r and c1s, sea urchin protein uegf, and bone morphogenetic protein-1) domains. adamts13 inhibits the growth of von willebrand factor (vwf)-platelet aggregates by cleaving the cryptic tyr1605-met1606 bond in the vwf a2 domain. adamts13 is regulated by substrate-induced allosteric ac ... | 2019 | 30692120 |
| rapid adjustment of pecking trajectory to prism-induced visual shifts in crows as compared with pigeons. | pecking in birds is analogous to reaching and grasping movements in primates. earlier studies on visuomotor control in birds, which were conducted mostly in pigeons, suggested that avian pecking is controlled feedforwardly, and is out of the control of visual guidance during movement. however, recent studies using crows suggested a role of vision in pecking control during movement. to unveil what visuomotor mechanisms underlie the flexibility of pecking in crows, we examined whether pigeons and ... | 2019 | 30683665 |
| the power of nothing: risk preference in pigeons, but not people, is driven primarily by avoidance of zero outcomes. | both human and nonhuman animals regularly need to make choices where the outcomes of their actions are unpredictable or probabilistic in some way. these are often termed "risky" choices. faced with uncertain rewards, people (homo sapiens) and pigeons (columba livia) often show similar choice patterns. when the reward probabilities of risky choices are learned through experience, preferences in both species seem to be disproportionately influenced by the extreme (highest and lowest) outcomes in t ... | 2019 | 31414880 |
| ethnozoological practices in rodrigues island of the mascarene archipelago. | rodrigues, is an autonomous island that forms part of the republic of mauritius. it is a component of the mascarene archipelago alongside mauritius and reunion island. despite their relative geographical proximity, each island has its own unique biodiversity and indigenous knowledge. nonetheless, there is no documentation of the use of animal-based remedies (abr) in rodrigues. this study was therefore designed to gather and compare primary traditional knowledge on the different abr used by rodri ... | 2019 | 31419503 |
| sera/organ lysates of selected animals living in polluted environments exhibit cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. | species of crocodiles and cockroaches can withstand high radiation, reside in unsanitary conditions, thrive on germ-infested feed, and are exposed to heavy metals, yet they are not reported to develop cancer. it has been postulated that such species have mechanisms to defend themselves against developing cancer. here, selected species have been tested for potential cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines. | 2019 | 31660845 |
| collagen fiber orientation pattern, osteon morphology and distribution, and presence of laminar histology do not distinguish torsion from bending in bat and pigeon wing bones. | bone can adapt to its habitual load history at various levels of its hierarchical structural and material organization. however, it is unclear how strongly a bone's structural characteristics (e.g. cross-sectional shape) are linked to microstructural characteristics (e.g. distributions of osteons and their vascular canals) or ultrastructural characteristics [e.g. patterns of predominant collagen fiber orientation (cfo)]. we compared the cross-sectional geometry, microstructure and ultrastructure ... | 2019 | 30924933 |
| like chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), pigeons (columba livia domestica) match and nash equilibrate where humans (homo sapiens) do not. | martin, bhui, bossaerts, matsuzawa, and camerer (2014) found that chimpanzee pairs competing in matching-pennies games achieved the nash equilibrium whereas human pairs did not. they hypothesized this outcome may be due to (a) chimpanzee ecology producing evolutionary changes that give them a cognitive advantage over humans in these games, and (b) humans being disadvantaged because the cognition necessary for optimal game play was traded off in evolution to support language. we provide data rele ... | 2019 | 30372107 |
| ctx-m-producing escherichia coli isolated from urban pigeons (columba livia domestica) in brazil. | worldwide urban pigeons (columba livia domestica) are an important reservoir of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant bacteria (mdr). plasmids are key genetic elements in the dissemination of antimicrobial drug resistance in bacteria, including beta-lactams and quinolones, which are the most important classes of drugs for treatment of enterobacteriaceae infections in human and veterinary medicine. the aim of this study was to determine the presence of escherichia coli (e. coli) harboring plasmids c ... | 2019 | 32087078 |
| association of myod1 gene polymorphisms with meat quality traits in domestic pigeons (columba livia). | myogenic differentiation 1 (myod1) belongs to the myod family and plays a key role in myogenesis and consequently, in determining muscle fiber characteristics. in this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the exons of myod1 were identified in 200 domestic pigeons (columba livia) by direct dna sequencing, and the association between myod1 polymorphisms and meat quality traits was analyzed. we found four novel variations (a2967g, g3044a, a3164c, and c3311g) in exon 3. the snp a2967g is ... | 2019 | 32055192 |
| emerging category representation in the visual forebrain hierarchy of pigeons (columba livia). | recognizing and categorizing visual stimuli are cognitive functions vital for survival, and an important feature of visual systems in primates as well as in birds. visual stimuli are processed along the ventral visual pathway. at every stage in the hierarchy, neurons respond selectively to more complex features, transforming the population representation of the stimuli. it is therefore easier to read-out category information in higher visual areas. while explicit category representations have be ... | 2019 | 29885380 |
| prevalence and distribution pattern of intestinal helminths in chicken and pigeons in aswan, upper egypt. | there is scarce data available on helminth infection of poultry in the region of aswan province, upper egypt. a total of 276 poultry (156 baladi chickens and 120 domestic pigeons) were collected from different villages in aswan province to screen the presence of intestinal helminths during the period from april 2016 to march 2017. the current investigation revealed that the overall prevalence was 55.79% (154/276). additionally, 59.09% baladi chickens had mixed infections with four cestodes and t ... | 2019 | 30467814 |
| intra-"cortical" activity during avian non-rem and rem sleep: variant and invariant traits between birds and mammals. | several mammalian-based theories propose that the varying patterns of neuronal activity occurring in wakefulness and sleep reflect different modes of information processing. neocortical slow-waves, hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, and thalamocortical spindles occurring during mammalian non-rapid eye-movement (nrem) sleep are proposed to play a role in systems-level memory consolidation. birds show similar nrem and rem (rapid eye-movement) sleep stages to mammals; however, it is unclear whether al ... | 2019 | 30462347 |
| physiological, biochemical and histopathological changes associated with heatstroke in the galah (eolophus roseicapilla) and rock dove (columba livia). | the pathophysiology of heat illnesses in birds has not been well characterized. in this study, we describe the changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, blood biochemistry and histopathological findings in galahs and rock doves after heat exposure under standardized conditions designed to induce heatstroke. birds in the heat-exposed group were exposed to environmental heat stress and compared to control birds. both groups of birds were under general anaesthesia throughout the experiment and seria ... | 2019 | 30411638 |
| pigeons simultaneously attend to static and dynamic features of complex displays. | the simultaneous processing and attention to temporally dynamic and static features remains an open and important question in theories of avian visual cognition. here, four pigeons (columba livia) learned to discriminate complex displays involving concurrently available static and dynamic features. these displays consisted of 20 elements built from combinations of two, binary-valued, static visual dimensions: red vs. green element color, large vs. small element size; and two binary-valued dynami ... | 2019 | 30395898 |
| new records of chewing lice (phthiraptera: amblycera, ischnocera) from egyptian pigeons and doves (columbiformes), with description of one new species. | little information is available about the chewing lice of wild birds of egypt, including common groups such as pigeons and doves (columbiformes). through this work, parasitic chewing lice of common columbiformes of egypt were revised including new data. three species of pigeons and doves (streptopelia decaocto frivaldszky 1838, spilopelia senegalensis linnaeus 1766 and columba livia gmelin 1789) were examined for chewing lice at three different localities. a total of 124 specimens of lice were c ... | 2019 | 30385218 |
| object permanence in the pigeon (columba livia): insertion of a delay prior to choice facilitates visible- and invisible-displacement accuracy. | object permanence, often viewed as a measure of human cognitive development, has also been used to assess animals' cognitive abilities. tests of object permanence have distinguished between visible displacement, in which an object may be placed into one of two (or more) containers to be retrieved, and invisible displacement, in which after the object is placed into the container, the container is moved before retrieval is attempted. we tested pigeons' accuracy on both visible and invisible displ ... | 2019 | 30382709 |
| comparative anatomical studies on the glandular stomach of the rock pigeon (columba livia targia) and the egyptian laughing dove (streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca). | the rock pigeon (rp) and the laughing dove (ld) are common and widely distributed species in african countries, including egypt. the present work was carried out to characterize the comparative features of the glandular stomach (proventriculus) in these two birds, which share diets and habitats. in both species, the proventriculus is an elongated spindle obliquely situated in the cranial two-thirds of the body cavity. the length and weight of the proventriculus in the rp were about one and half ... | 2019 | 30370573 |
| dose-related impacts of imidacloprid oral intoxication on brain and liver of rock pigeon (columba livia domestica), residues analysis in different organs. | available data regarding imidacloprid (imi) insecticide hazards to birds are still being scare. our study aimed to investigate toxic impacts of imi oral gavage by different dose levels on the brain and liver of rock pigeon (columba livia domestica). forty mature male birds were divided equally into four groups. a control group (c) was orally dosed mazola corn oil and other three groups; the low dose (ld), the medium dose (md), and the high dose (hd) groups were orally dosed imi in mazola corn oi ... | 2019 | 30296697 |
| first isolation and molecular characterization of cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii in excreta of birds in the urban perimeter of the municipality of popayán, colombia. | cryptococcosis is a systemic opportunistic mycosis, caused by cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus gattii, which affects mainly the central nervous system of immunocompromised patients; no reports have been made on the isolation of the fungus from the environment of popayán, colombia. | 2019 | 30274952 |
| sarcocystis calchasi outbreak in feral rock pigeons ( columba livia) in california. | twenty-two feral rock pigeons ( columba livia) from 10 counties in california with ataxia, torticollis, and difficulty standing and flying were admitted to rehabilitation centers in late winter and spring of 2017 and died or were euthanized. common necropsy findings included thin body condition, generalized deep red discoloration of organs, and hemorrhagic subcutaneous neck tissues. meningoencephalitis was observed microscopically in 16 pigeons, and 3 also had protozoal schizonts in the brain. t ... | 2019 | 30222062 |
| characterization, functional and signaling elucidation of pigeon (columba livia) interferon-α: knockdown p53 negatively modulates antiviral response. | the regulation of interferon-α signaling pathways is essential to protect the host from infection with a broad range of viruses. however, information regarding antiviral response and the specific molecular mechanism of columba livia interferon-α (coifn-α) has not been reported to date. in this study, we cloned a 723bp complete orf of coifn-α gene. the specific antiviral activity of coifn-α in vsv (tcid50 = 10-5.87/100 μl)-infected cefs reached 5.5 × 105 u/mg. moreover, our result indicated that ... | 2019 | 30170033 |
| defining host range: host-parasite compatibility during the non-infective phase of the parasite also matters. | host range and parasite specificity determine key epidemiological, ecological and evolutionary aspects of host-parasite interactions. parasites are usually classified as generalists or specialists based on the number of hosts they feed on. yet, the requirements of the various stages of a parasite may influence the suitability of a given host species. here, we investigate the generalist nature of three common ectoparasites (the dipteran carnus hemapterus and two species of louse flies, pseudolync ... | 2019 | 30066668 |
| gonadal steroid levels in rock pigeon eggs do not represent adequately maternal allocation. | maternal hormones deposited in the egg can provide a powerful model for the study of maternal effects. the differential amount of maternal hormones in the yolk of freshly laid eggs is assumed to represent differential maternal allocation. however, some evidence suggests that these amounts do not reflect maternal allocation that in fact takes place before ovulation. we compared the amounts of a wide array of gonadal steroids and their metabolites in the yolk of pre-ovulatory follicles with those ... | 2018 | 30046065 |
| molecular characterization of two novel sub-sublineages of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 in china. | pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (ppmv-1) infection is enzootic in pigeon flocks and poses a potential risk to the poultry industry in china. to gain insight into the biological characteristics and transmission routes of circulating ppmv-1 in pigeons, 13 ppmv-1 isolates from domestic pigeons isolated during 2011-2015 in guangxi province, china, were characterized using a pathogenicity assessment and phylogenetic analysis. all ppmv-1 isolates were mesogenic or lentogenic strains and had a mean death t ... | 2018 | 30043204 |
| setting the bar. | analyzing the genomes of rock pigeons demonstrates that genetic variation comes in many forms and can have unexpected origins. | 2018 | 30015614 |
| introgression of regulatory alleles and a missense coding mutation drive plumage pattern diversity in the rock pigeon. | birds and other vertebrates display stunning variation in pigmentation patterning, yet the genes controlling this diversity remain largely unknown. rock pigeons (columba livia) are fundamentally one of four color pattern phenotypes, in decreasing order of melanism: t-check, checker, bar (ancestral), or barless. using whole-genome scans, we identified ndp as a candidate gene for this variation. allele-specific expression differences in ndp indicate cis-regulatory divergence between ancestral and ... | 2018 | 30014848 |
| association of adsl gene polymorphisms with meat quality and carcass traits in domestic pigeons (columba livia). | 1. adenylosuccinate lyase (adsl) plays an important role in the synthesis of inosine monophosphate (imp). in this trial, a total of 200 pigeons were sampled and slaughtered. seven meat quality traits and 11 carcass traits were measured. dna sequencing was used to detect nucleotide mutations, and associations between adsl gene polymorphisms and meat quality and carcass traits were analysed. 2. sequencing results showed that 9 nucleotide mutations were found in the exons of the adsl gene. all the ... | 2018 | 29963908 |
| the peregrine falcon's rapid dive: on the adaptedness of the arm skeleton and shoulder girdle. | during a dive, peregrine falcons (falco peregrinus) can reach a velocity of up to 320 km h- 1. our computational fluid dynamics simulations show that the forces that pull on the wings of a diving peregrine can reach up to three times the falcon's body mass at a stoop velocity of 80 m s- 1 (288 km h- 1). since the bones of the wings and the shoulder girdle of a diving peregrine falcon experience large mechanical forces, we investigated these bones. for comparison, we also investigated the corresp ... | 2018 | 29959501 |
| molecular cloning, characterization, and functional analysis of pigeon (columba livia) toll-like receptor 5. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are pattern recognition receptors that are vital for the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. tlr5 is responsible for the recognition of bacterial flagellin to induce the nf-κb activation and innate immune responses. in this study, we cloned and identified the tlr5 gene from the king pigeon (columba livia) designated as pitlr5. full-length pitlr5 cdna (2583 bp) encoded an 860-amino acid protein containing a signal peptide sequence, 10 leucine-rich rep ... | 2018 | 29945253 |
| pigeons (columba livia) learn a four-item list by trial and error. | the aim of the current study was to assess whether pigeons could acquire a four-item list by trial and error. pigeons received either extensive list training prior to being tested on a novel four-item list (i.e., the full-training group) or very limited training (i.e., the limited-training group). specifically, subjects in the full-training group were trained to acquire a large set of two-item lists by trial and error, then a large set of three-item lists, and finally a large set of four-item li ... | 2018 | 29927268 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of trichomonas gallinae from domestic pigeons in beijing, china. | trichomonas gallinae is a globally distributed protozoan parasite, mainly affect the upper avian digestive tract and can bring huge economic losses to pigeon industry. the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of t. gallinae in beijing, china. a total of 569 samples of throat swabs of pigeon were collected from pigeon farms in shunyi district, fangshan district, daxing district and miyun district of beijing. the overall prevalence was 28.30%. the significan ... | 2018 | 30145387 |
| overwintering behavior of drosophila suzukii, and potential springtime diets for egg maturation. | spotted wing drosophila, drosophila suzukii (matsumura) (diptera: drosophilidae), is a serious agricultural pest, which lays eggs in ripe and ripening fruits of several cultivated and wild host plants. here we explore several factors that may be critical to winter survival and improve d. suzukii's ability to successfully overwinter in northern climates and reestablish populations in the spring. cold acclimation improved mobility in low-temperature laboratory mobility assays and improved survivor ... | 2018 | 30124807 |
| early embryonic modification of maternal hormones differs systematically among embryos of different laying order: a study in birds. | vertebrate embryos are exposed to maternal hormones that can profoundly affect their later phenotype. although it is known that the embryo can metabolize these maternal hormones, the metabolic outcomes, their quantitative dynamics and timing are poorly understood. moreover, it is unknown whether embryos can adjust their metabolic activity to, for example, hormones or other maternal signals. we studied the dynamics of maternal steroids in fertilized and unfertilized rock pigeon eggs during early ... | 2018 | 30110617 |
| columbid circoviruses detected in free ranging pigeons from southern brazil: insights on picv evolution. | pigeon circovirus (picv) is taxonomically classified as a member of the circovirus genus, family circoviridae. the virus contains a single stranded dna genome of approximately 2 kb, with minor length variations among different isolates. the occurrence of picv infections in pigeons (columba livia) has been documented worldwide over the past 20 years; however, in brazil there were still no reports on picv detection. this study identifies seven picv genomes recovered from domestic pigeons of south ... | 2018 | 30105520 |
| a comprehensive analysis of the genomic organization, expression and phylogeny of immunoglobulin light chain genes in pigeon (columba livia). | previous studies on immunoglobulin light chain (igl) genes in avian species are limited to galloanseres, and few studies have investigated igl genes in neoaves, which includes most living birds. based on published genome data, we demonstrate that the pigeon (columba livia) igl locus spans approximately 24 kb of dna and contains twenty vλ segments located upstream of a single pair of jλ-cλ. among the identified vλ gene segments, four segments are structurally intact and all four segments are able ... | 2018 | 30096338 |
| persistent pigeons (columba livia) learn how to produce a list. | in the featured article for this issue of the journal of comparative psychology, scarf, johnston, and colombo (2018) showed that pigeons learned to reproduce (by pecking icons presented on a screen) a four-item serially ordered list without specific training on that list, as macaques did (figure 1). in scarf et al.'s (2018) study, all five birds given structured training subsequently mastered multiple sets of two-item, then three-item, and finally four-item lists, with a diminishing training reg ... | 2018 | 30080070 |
| homing pigeons. | dora biro introduces homing domestic pigeons specialized for messaging duties. | 2018 | 30205071 |