Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| body color development and genetic analysis of hybrid transparent crucian carp (carassius auratus). | the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic mechanism of the transparent trait in transparent crucian carp. we observed body color development in transparent crucian carp larvae and analyzed heredity of color in hybrids produced with red crucian carp, ornamental carp, and red purse carp. the results showed that the body color of the newly hatched larvae matured into the adult pattern at approximately 54 days post-hatching. two inter-species reciprocal crosses between transparent crucian ... | 2015 | 25966213 |
| comparative analysis of adaptive immune response after vaccine trials using live attenuated and formalin-killed cells of edwardsiella tarda in ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii). | edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. although vaccine trials with formalin-killed cells (fkc) have been reported, the vaccinations failed in protect against e. tarda infection. on the other hand, a live attenuated vaccine strategy is effective against edwardsiellosis; however, the mechanism underlying its effectiveness in fish is unclear. in the present study, we compared the adaptive immune responses in fish vaccinated with fkcs and live attenuate ... | 2015 | 25959574 |
| behavioral and biochemical responses in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to sertraline. | sertraline is one of the most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and is frequently detected in the aquatic environment. however, knowledge regarding relationships among molecular or biochemical endpoints involved in modes of action (moas) of sertraline and ecologically important behavioral responses of fish is insufficient. the present study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration and possible adverse outcomes pathways (aops) in crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed ... | 2015 | 25950408 |
| fish lice (argulus japonicus) in goldfish (carassius auratus). | fish lice (argulus spp; family argulidae) are branchiuran crustaceans that parasitize both marine and freshwater fishes. argulus spp can be a major threat to fish health, because heavy infestations can cause significant morbidity and mortality. in addition, fish lice are known to be the vehicle for other fish diseases. during rounds at our facility, argulus japonicus was collected from the caudal and anal fins of 3 goldfish (carassius auratus). these goldfish were asymptomatic, and no additional ... | 2015 | 25926394 |
| establishment of a novel and highly permissive cell line for the efficient replication of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2). | haematopoietic necrosis of gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) and has caused huge economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. currently the isolation and propagation of cyhv-2 in vitro is very difficult due to the lack of permissive cell lines. studies on the pathogenesis of cyhv-2 have been hampered because the virus has not been extensively characterized. in this study, a novel cell line from the brain of gibel carp, denoted gicb, has been establi ... | 2015 | 25912023 |
| molecular characterisation and prevalence of a new genotype of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in mainland china. | cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2, species cyprinid herpesvirus 2) has been confirmed as a causative agent of the acute haematopoietic necrosis disease outbreak in farmed goldfish (carassius auratus l.) and gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch). in this study, we present the genomic characteristics of a variant cyhv-2 strain (sy-c1) isolated from farmed gibel carp in mainland china and its comparative genomics analysis with the cyhv-2 reference strain st-j1. overall, the full-length genome o ... | 2015 | 25900131 |
| the first report of dactylogyrus formosus kulwiec, 1927 (monogenea: dactylogyridae) from goldfish (carassius auratus) in central china. | dactylogyrus formosus kulwiec, 1927 (monogenea: dactylogyridae), widely distributed across eurasia, is considered as one of the most frequently encountered ectoparasites of goldfish (carassius auratus). in the present study, d. formosus on gills of cultured goldfish was reported in central china for the first time, using the methods of morphological characters and molecular markers. it was characterized by "anchoratoid-wegeneri" type anchor with elongate inner and unobvious outer root. the morph ... | 2015 | 25899326 |
| isolation and characterization of flavobacterium columnare from freshwater ornamental goldfish carassius auratus. | filamentous bacteria overlaying ulcerated area on the body surface were observed in the wet-mout preparation from a moribund goldfish with saddle back appearance. the causative agent was identified as flavobacterium columnrae, on the basis of biochemical test, species-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing of 16s rdna gene with the universal bacterial primers. furthermore, the strain (ing-1) attributed to genomovar ii in 16s rdna pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr ... | 2015 | 25895267 |
| organization and variation analysis of 5s rdna in gynogenetic offspring of carassius auratus red var. (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (♂). | the offspring with 100 chromosomes (abbreviated as grcc) have been obtained in the first generation of carassius auratus red var. (abbreviated as rcc, 2n = 100) (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (abbreviated as bsb, 2n = 48) (♂), in which the females and unexpected males both are found. chromosomal and karyotypic analysis has been reported in grcc which gynogenesis origin has been suggested, but lack genetic evidence. | 2015 | 25879826 |
| development of a lipovitellin-based goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenin elisa for detection of environmental estrogens. | the susceptibility of vitellogenin (vtg) to degradation is a major problem affecting the robustness of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for goldfish (carassius auratus) vtg. in this study, a phospholipoglycoprotein with molecular mass of ∼420kda was purified from goldfish egg extracts and it produced a single band corresponding to ∼112kda in sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). additionally, the amino acid composition of the purified protein was comparable to that of lipov ... | 2015 | 25855009 |
| di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate disrupts pituitary and testicular hormonal functions to reduce sperm quality in mature goldfish. | di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) interferes with male reproductive endocrine system in mammals, however its effects on fish reproduction are largely unknown. we evaluated sperm quality and investigated reproductive endocrine system in mature goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to nominal 1, 10, and 100μg/l dehp. to examine dehp estrogenic activity, one group of goldfish was exposed to 17β-estradiol (5μg/l e2) for comparison. following 30d of exposure, sperm production was decreased and suppre ... | 2015 | 25827748 |
| antagonistic joint toxicity assessment of two current-use phthalates with waterborne copper in liver of carassius auratus using biochemical biomarkers. | di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (dehp) are two kinds of widely-used phthalates, whereas cu (ii) is a common valence state of copper. they have been ubiquitously detected in the aquatic environment, but information on their joint toxicity on aquatic organisms is scarce. in this study, we evaluated the combined effects of copper and these two phthalates to the goldfish (carassius auratus) by detecting the antioxidant responses in liver after exposure for 7 and 21 days. the ... | 2015 | 25791665 |
| variations in temperature acclimation effects on glycogen storage, hypoxia tolerance and swimming performance with seasonal acclimatization in juvenile chinese crucian carp. | the aim of this study was to test whether temperature acclimation (10 vs 20 °c) effects on tissue glycogen content, hypoxia tolerance, and swimming performance of chinese crucian carp (carassius auratus) varied with seasonal acclimatization (winter vs spring) and potential combined interactions. both the routine metabolic rate (mo(2rout)) and critical oxygen tension (p(crit)) of the mo(2rout) increased significantly with temperature, whereas the seasonal acclimatization showed no significant eff ... | 2015 | 25776929 |
| neurotoxic effect of triazophos on goldfish (carassius auratus) and tissue specific antioxidant responses. | due to the high chemical and photochemical stability, an organophosphorus pesticide triazophos might enter aquatic ecosystems and impose negative effect on aquatic organisms. in order to investigate short-term toxicity of triazophos on goldfish (carassius auratus), antioxidant response in brain, spleen, kidney and liver was tested in this study. as a confirmation, the impact of triazophos on acetyl cholinesterase (ache) activity was found a reduction in all studied tissues, especially in brain. ... | 2015 | 25768424 |
| distribution and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the food web of nansi lake, china. | the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were analyzed in water, sediment, and biota (aquatic plant, shrimp, and fish) of nansi lake by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the concentrations of total pahs were 27.54-55.04 ng l(-1) in water, 80.31-639.23 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) in sediments, 20.92-192.78 ng g(-1) dw in aquatic plants, and 67.3-533.9 ng g(-1) dw in fish and shrimp muscles. the ratios of phenanthrene to anthracene (ph/an), fluoranthene to pyrene (flu ... | 2015 | 25762425 |
| evaluation of the potential for trophic transfer of roxithromycin along an experimental food chain. | pharmaceuticals have been recognized as a new class of environmental pollutants in recent years. but data about their potential for transfer and biomagnification in aquatic food chains are still lacking. in this study, bioaccumulation of the macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (rox) was determined in an experimental aquatic food chain involving the green algae scenedesmus obliquus, the water flea daphnia magna and the crucian carp carassius auratus. after 48 h of exposure, s. obliquus accumulated ... | 2015 | 25739841 |
| spatial learning associated with stimulus response in goldfish carassius auratus: relationship to activation of creb signalling. | earlier, we reported spatial learning ability in goldfish (carassius auratus) by using spatial paradigm with food reward. therefore, we hypothesized that goldfish may use associated cue to integrate "where" and "what" for spatial memory. to test our hypothesis, we first trained goldfish to learn to cross the gate1, which is associated with spatial task. subsequently, they were trained to learn to enter the task chamber and to identify the food reward chamber associated with visual cue (red/green ... | 2015 | 25739351 |
| time-dependent bidirectional effects of chronic caffeine on functional recovery of the dorsal light reflex after hemilabyrinthectomy in the goldfish carassius auratus. | caffeine works through a variety of complex mechanisms to exert an often bidirectional set of functional and structural neurological changes in vertebrates. we investigated the effects of chronic caffeine exposure on functional recovery of the dorsal light reflex (dlr) in hemilabyrinthectomized common goldfish, carassius auratus. in this lesion model, the unilateral removal of the vestibular organs results in a temporary loss of gravitationally modulated postural control which is quantifiable vi ... | 2015 | 25727640 |
| evaluation of single and joint toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and copper to carassius auratus using oxidative stress biomarkers. | perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and copper have been recently regarded as ubiquitous environmental contaminants in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. however, data on their possible combined toxic effects on aquatic organisms are still lacking. in this study, a systematic experimental approach was used to assess the impacts of these chemicals and their mixtures on hepatic antioxidant status of carassius auratus after 4 days. oxidative stress was apparently observed for joint exposu ... | 2015 | 25697679 |
| [differences in the infestation rate of young cyprinid fishes (cypriniformes) by metacercaria of posthodiplostomum cuticola (digenea, diplostomatidae) in river and lake systems of the lake chany basin (western siberia)]. | a total of 12 fish species were studied for the invasion of p. cuticola (nordmann, 1832) metacercariae in the chany lake estuaries, river and lake systems during different periods of water level. all infected individuals were represented by juveniles of the family cyprinidae, except for adults of the dace leuciscus leuciscus. (l.). under an average water level (2010) the highest rate of fish invasion was revealed in the estuary zone, where the prevalence of infection (pi) constituted 37.5%, 13.4 ... | 2015 | 25693328 |
| rapid genomic dna changes in allotetraploid fish hybrids. | rapid genomic change has been demonstrated in several allopolyploid plant systems; however, few studies focused on animals. we addressed this issue using an allotetraploid lineage (4nat) of freshwater fish originally derived from the interspecific hybridization of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., ♀, 2n=100) × common carp (cyprinus carpio l., ♂, 2n=100). we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library from allotetraploid hybrids in the 20th generation (f20) and sequenc ... | 2015 | 25669608 |
| induction of dna base damage and strand breaks in peripheral erythrocytes and the underlying mechanism in goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to monocrotophos. | using goldfish (carassius auratus) as the model animal, the present study revealed the types of the dna damage induced by monocrotophos, a highly toxic organophosphorus pesticide, and explored the mechanism underlying the dna-damaging effect of this pesticide. results of the alkaline comet assay showed that global dna damage (including single- and double-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites) in peripheral erythrocytes of goldfish, measured as olive tail moment, was significantly increased by ex ... | 2015 | 25666866 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of selenoprotein w gene and its mrna expression patterns in response to metabolic status and cadmium exposure in goldfish, carassius auratus. | selenoprotein w (selw) is a low molecular weight and selenocysteine containing protein with redox activity involved in the antioxidant response. in the present study, the full-length cdna of goldfish (carassius auratus) selenoprotein w (gfselw) was successfully cloned from the liver tissue by rapid amplification of cdna ends technique. the obtained gfselw cdna was 730 bp long with a 79 bp 5'-untranslated region (utr), a 390 bp 3'-utr containing the consensus polyadenylation signal aataaa and a 2 ... | 2015 | 25659929 |
| myxobolus oralis sp. n. (myxosporea: bivalvulida) infecting the palate in the mouth of gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio (cypriniformes: cyprinidae). | during a survey on the myxosporean fauna of gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio (bloch) in china, a species of myxobolus bütschli, 1882 that did not conform to any known species was found. the species is characterised by the presence of round to ellipsoidal plasmodia of 2.6-4.0 mm in diameter in the palate of host. mature spores are obovate in frontal view and lemon-shaped in lateral view, with the following range, mean and standard deviation of dimensions: 10.8-12.8 μm (11.7 ± 0.4 μm) long, 8. ... | 2014 | 25651691 |
| mitochondrial genetic variations of an introduced freshwater fish, goldfish carassius auratus at the frontier between europe and asia (western anatolia, turkey): proximity to europe rather than east asia? | carassius auratus is one of the most significant ornamental and food fishes of the world that is globally distributed and well known. although it is known to have existed at least for six decades and expanding its distribution range in turkish waters, there is a dearth of information on genetic structure and variations of goldfish in turkey. in this study, four mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase ii, 12s ribosomal rna, and 16s ribosomal rna) were used to infer the genetic varia ... | 2016 | 25648924 |
| heavy metal bioaccumulation and health hazard assessment for three fish species from nansi lake, china. | metal accumulation in fish is a global public health concern, because the consumption of contaminated fish accounts for the primary exposure of humans to toxic metals. in this study, the concentrations of arsenic (as), cadmium (cd), lead (pb), and mercury (hg) in crucian carp (carassius auratus),yellow catfish (pelteobagrus fulvidraco), and bighead carp (hypophthalmichthys nobilis) from nansi lake of china were evaluated, and compared with the corresponding historical values in 2001 when the gov ... | 2015 | 25636438 |
| detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in peripheral blood cells of silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio (bloch), suggests its potential in viral diagnosis. | epidemics caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) in domestic cyprinid species have been reported in both european and asian countries. although the mechanisms remain unknown, acute cyhv-2 infections generally result in high mortality, and the surviving carps become chronic carriers displaying no external clinical signs. in this study, in situ hybridization analysis showed that cyhv-2 tended to infect peripheral blood cells during either acute or chronic infections in silver crucian carp, cara ... | 2016 | 25630360 |
| hepatic oxidative stress and catalyst metals accumulation in goldfish exposed to carbon nanotubes under different ph levels. | experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of three different carbon nanotubes [single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts), hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (oh-mwcnts), and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cooh-mwcnts)] on antioxidant parameters and metals accumulation in the liver of carassius auratus. a semi-static test system was used to expose c. auratus to either a freshwater control, 0.1, or 0.5mg/l cnts at three ph levels (5.0, 7.25, and 9.0) for 3 and 12 days ... | 2015 | 25625523 |
| identification, tissue distribution and characterization of two heat shock factors (hsfs) in goldfish (carassius auratus). | heat shock proteins (hsps) are synthesized rapidly in response to a variety of physiological or environmental stressors, whereas the transcriptional activation of hsps is regulated by a family of heat shock factors (hsfs). in vertebrates, multiple hsfs (hsf1-4) have been reported to have different roles in response to a range of stresses. this paper reports the cdna cloning of two goldfish (carassius auratus) hsf gene families, hsf1 and three isoforms of hsf2. both hsf1 and hsf2s showed high hom ... | 2015 | 25592877 |
| reversible brain swelling in crucian carp (carassius carassius) and goldfish (carassius auratus) in response to high external ammonia and anoxia. | increased internal ammonia (hyperammonemia) and ischemic/anoxic insults are known to result in a cascade of deleterious events that can culminate in potentially fatal brain swelling in mammals. it is less clear, however, if the brains of fishes respond to ammonia in a similar manner. the present study demonstrated that the crucian carp (carassius carassius) was not only able to endure high environmental ammonia exposure (hea; 2 to 22 mmol l(-1)) but that they experienced 30% increases in brain w ... | 2015 | 25582543 |
| (1)h nmr based metabolomics approach to study the toxic effects of herbicide butachlor on goldfish (carassius auratus). | butachlor, one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture, has been reported with high ecotoxicity to aquatic plants and animals. in this study, a (1)h nmr based metabolomics approach combined with histopathological examination and biochemical assays was applied to comprehensively investigate the toxic effects of butachlor on four important organs (gill, brain, liver and kidney) of goldfish (carassius auratus) for the first time. after 10 days' butachlor exposure at two dosages of 3.2 and ... | 2015 | 25528421 |
| [prevalence of metacercariae of clonorchis sinensis in wild freshwater fishes from nenjiang river around qiqihaer city]. | from may to november 2013, a total of 1175 wild freshwater fishes were collected from the rivers of chuoer, yalu, wuyuer, alun, and yin in nenjiang river basin qiqihaer city, and examined for metacercariae by direct compression method. the metacercariae were collected by artificial digestion method. forty kunming mice were infected with 30-40 metacercariae of clonorchis sinensis. the mice were sacrificed 36 days after infection, and the adult worms were collected from bile duct, and observed und ... | 2014 | 25518594 |
| comparative pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of quinocetone in crucian carp (carassius auratus), common carp (cyprinus carpio l.), and grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella) following the same experimental conditions. | the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of quinocetone (qct) in crucian carp (carassius auratus), common carp (cyprinus carpio l.), and grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella) were compared after oral administration of qct (50 mg/kg body weight) at water temperature of 24 ± 1 °c. similar qct plasma concentration-time profiles were found in the three species of cyprinid fish at the same dosage regimen and water temperature, which were all fitted two-compartment open pharmacokinetic model. howev ... | 2015 | 25515188 |
| [effect of rate of water temperature increase on sensitivity of fish digestive glycosidases to action of copper and zinc]. | an increase in sensitivity of glycosidases of intestinal mucosa has been established in fry of goldfish carassius auratus, carp cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus, and common perch perca fluviatilis to action in vitro of heavy metal ions (copper and zinc at concentrations of 0.1-25 mg/l) at heating of water at the summer period. the inhibitory effect of copper and zinc ions as a rule was higher at the heating rate of 50 degrees c/h than at the rate of 4 degrees c/h. glycosidases of the perch ... | 2014 | 25508933 |
| production and extraction of astaxanthin from phaffia rhodozyma and its biological effect on alcohol-induced renal hypoxia in carassius auratus. | the effect of astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-s-carotene-4,4'-dione) on alcohol-induced morphological changes in carassius auratus, as an experimental model, was determined. the yeast phaffia rhodozyma was used as a source of astaxanthin. the animals were divided into three groups for 30 days: one group was treated with ethanol at a dose of 1.5% mixed in water, the second one with etoh 1.5% and food enriched with astaxanthin from p. rhodozyma, and the third was a control group. after a sufficient ex ... | 2015 | 25492637 |
| linking eggs and adults of argulus spp. using mitochondrial dna barcodes. | we have created barcode library for common argulus spp. infecting carassius auratus, which could also be used to identify premature forms of argulus spp. even by non-professionals. infected c. auratus was examined and purchased from ornamental fish-trading centers and the adult life stage of argulus spp. was identified and dna barcoded. the eggs of argulus spp. were collected using bottle implants. the collected eggs are barcoded and precisely identified by matching with the adult sequences. fou ... | 2016 | 25492543 |
| analysing codon usage bias of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 and adaptation of this virus to the hosts. | the codon usage patterns of open reading frames (orfs) in cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) have been investigated in this study. the high correlation between gc12 % and gc3 % suggests that mutational pressure rather than natural selection is the main factor that determines the codon usage and base component in the cyhv-3, while mutational pressure effect results from the high correlation between gc3 % and the first principal axis of principle component analysis (axis 1) on the relative synonymous ... | 2015 | 25491502 |
| [effect of rate of water temperature increase on sensitivity of fish digestive glycosidases to action of copper and zinc]. | an increase in sensitivity of glycosidases of intestinal mucosa has been established in fry of goldfish carassius auratus, carp cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus, and common perch perca fluviatilis to action in vitro of heavy metal ions (copper and zinc at concentrations of 0.1-25 mg/l) at heating of water at the summer period. the inhibitory effect of copper and zinc ions as a rule was higher at the heating rate of 50 degrees c/h than at the rate of 4 degrees c/h. glycosidases of the perch ... | 2014 | 25486802 |
| an infection of gyrodactylus kobayashii hukuda, 1940 (monogenea) associated with the mortality of goldfish (carassius auratus) from central china. | goldfish, carassius auratus, widely distributed across eurasia, is one of the earliest fish domesticated for ornamental purposes. a series of diseases break out due to high-density culture of goldfish, causing significant economic losses. here, we report for the first time an infection of gyrodactylus kobayashii associated with the high mortality of goldfish from a fish farm in anziying township of henan province, china, following their transfer to several aquariums. in the first 2 weeks after g ... | 2015 | 25471903 |
| analysis of mitochondrial respiratory-related genes reveals nuclear and mitochondrial genome cooperation in allotetraploid hybrid. | an allotetraploid hybrid lineage derived from the distant hybridization of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., ♀, 2n =100) × common carp (cyprinus carpio l., ♂, 2n =100) was investigated for its mitochondrial and nuclear genome inheritance patterns. based on liver transcriptomic data for this hybrid, red crucian carp, and common carp, we identified 94, 136, and 86 contigs corresponding to 41, 46, and 37 mitochondrial respiratory chain nuclear genes, respectively. mitochondrial respirat ... | 2014 | 25470286 |
| inheritance of the complete mitochondrial genomes in three different ploidy fishes. | diploid natural gynogenetic goldfish (2ngrcg), triploid hybrids (3nrb) and tetraploid hybrids (4nrb) are generated by distant hybridization of red common goldfish (rcg, carassius auratus red var.) and blunt snout bream (bsb, megalobrama amblycephala). in the present study, we obtained the complete mitochondrial dna (mtdna) sequences of the hybrid offspring and compared them with the homologous sequences of rcg and bsb. all mtdna sequences of these hybrids were 16,580bp in length, and the genes n ... | 2014 | 25470285 |
| effects and bioaccumulation of 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol following long-term exposure in crucian carp. | bioaccumulation and effects of 17β-estradiol (e2) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (ee2) were assessed by crucian carp (carassius auratus) following single and binary mixture exposures in flow-through exposure system for 16 months. in comparison with water control (dwc) and solvent control (sc), a significant reduction in body weight, body length and gonadosomatic index (gsi), and increase in hepatosomatic index (hsi) and plasma vitellogenin (vtg) levels were observed, in a time- and concentration-depen ... | 2015 | 25463868 |
| isolation and cytochemical characterization of melanomacrophages and melanomacrophage clusters from goldfish (carassius auratus, l.). | pigmented or "melano-" macrophages are prominent in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues of poikilotherms. though they have been extensively studied in situ only recently has a means to isolate them from other cell types been established. we provide the first in vitro characterization of isolated melanomacrophage cytochemistry and survival in culture. unlike non-pigmented tissue macrophages melanomacrophages do not adhere to polystyrene surfaces making them easy to separate from tissue macrophages. ... | 2015 | 25453581 |
| in vitro immunocompetence of two compounds isolated from polygala tenuifolia and development of resistance against grass carp reovirus (gcrv) and dactylogyrus intermedius in respective host. | the present study was undertaken to isolate some compounds from methanol extract of polygala tenuifolia and evaluate their immunostimulatory properties and antiviral activity using grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella kidney (cik) cells and gcrv. by applying insecticidal bioassay-guided, chromatography techniques and successive recrystallization, two purified compounds were obtained. the changes of expression of selected immune genes (mx1, il-1β, tnfα, myd88 and igm) in c. idella kidney cell lines ... | 2014 | 25450998 |
| preparation of a polyclonal antibody against goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenin and its application to detect the estrogenic effects of monocrotophos pesticide. | goldfish (carassius auratus) represents a good model to detect the estrogenic effects of chemicals, and vitellogenin (vtg) is a vital indicator of estrogenic activity. the heterologous anti-carp vtg antibody has previously been used for goldfish vtg detection. here, we report the preparation of an anti-goldfish vtg antibody to improve the sensitivity and specificity of goldfish vtg immunoassays. vtg was purified from the plasma of 17β-estradiol (e2)-induced goldfish by gel filtration followed by ... | 2015 | 25450922 |
| identification of interferon-γ-inducible-lysosomal thiol reductase (gilt) gene in goldfish (carassius auratus) and its immune response to lps challenge. | the interferon-γ-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (gilt) has been demonstrated to play an important role in the processing and presentation of mhc class ii restricted antigen (ag) by catalyzing disulfide bond reduction. in this study, we cloned a gilt gene homolog from goldfish (designated ggilt), a kind of precious freshwater fish with high market value. the open reading frame of ggilt consists of 756 bases encoding a protein of 251 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 27.8 kda an ... | 2015 | 25447639 |
| direct and indirect effect of predators on anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. | the increased insecticides resistance by vectors and the ecological harm imposed by insecticides to beneficial organisms drawback mosquitoes chemical control efforts. biological control would reduce insecticides tolerance and yet biodiversity friend. the predatory and non-predatory effects of gambusia affinis and carassius auratus on gravid anopheles gambiae sensu strict and larvae survivorship were assessed. in determining predation rate, a single starved predator was exposed to third instar la ... | 2015 | 25438260 |
| effect of booster shot and investigation of vaccination efficacy period against herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis (hvhn) in goldfish carassius auratus. | in this study, the efficacy period of an intraperitoneal vaccination and effect of a booster shot of vaccine against herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis (hvhn) in goldfish carassius auratus were investigated. cell culture supernatant of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2), causative agent of hvhn, propagated in goldfish fin (gff) cells was inactivated with formalin (0.1%, v/v) for 2 days at 4 °c. three groups of the variety ryukin were individually intraperitoneally injected with the vaccine and eac ... | 2015 | 25434995 |
| comparative pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin nicotinate in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and crucian carp (carassius auratus) after oral administration. | comparative pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin nicotinate (nfxnt) was investigated in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and crucian carp (carassius auratus) after a single oral dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). analyses of plasma samples were performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (uplc) with fluorescence detection. after oral dose, plasma concentration-time curves of common carp and crucian carp were best described by a two-compartment open model with first-order absorption. the ph ... | 2015 | 25427758 |
| effects of la(iii) and ca(ii) on isolated carassius auratus liver mitochondria: heat production and mitochondrial permeability transition. | the effects of lanthanum and calcium on heat production of mitochondria isolated from carassius auratus liver were investigated by microcalorimetry, and their effects on mitochondrial swelling and membrane potential (δψ) were determined by spectroscopic methods. la(3+) showed only inhibitory action on mitochondrial energy turnover with inhibition concentration of 50 % (ic50) being 71.2 μmol l(-1). similarly, ca(2+) restrained the heat production of mitochondria, and the ic50 of ca(2+) was much h ... | 2015 | 25416531 |
| biological effects and bioaccumulation of pharmaceutically active compounds in crucian carp caged near the outfall of a sewage treatment plant. | pharmaceutically active compounds (phacs) have been universally detected in rivers, lakes and coastal waters that are affected by effluents from sewage treatment plants (stps). in this study, the biological effects and bioaccumulation of phacs were assessed in crucian carp (carassius auratus) caged in an effluent-receiving river for 21 days. compared with control fish in the laboratory and at a reference site, a significant reduction in hepatosomatic index (hsi) and increase in the biotransforma ... | 2015 | 25406643 |
| antioxidant status and na(+), k (+)-atpase activity in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to different combustion products of nafion 117 membrane: an integrated biomarker approach. | nafion 117 membrane (n117), an important polymer electrolyte membrane (pem), has been widely applied in numerous chemical technologies. its increasing production and utilization will inevitably lead to the problem of waste disposal, with incineration as an important method. however, toxicity data of its combustion products on aquatic organisms have been seldom reported. the present study was therefore conducted to investigate the antioxidant response and na(+), k(+)-atpase activity in liver of c ... | 2015 | 25398218 |
| detection of koi herpesvirus (khv) in healthy cyprinid seed stock. | koi herpesvirus (khv) disease is a lethal disease in common carp, an important food fish in asian countries, the seed of which is used in restocking programs for freshwater fishery management. we inspected apparently healthy seed stock of common carp cyprinus carpio l. and siberian crucian carp carassius auratus for the presence of khv using pcr-based diagnostic tests as a part of a stock enhancement program from 2009 to 2010 in korea. consequently, khv was detected from 24 of 232 inspections wi ... | 2014 | 25392040 |
| bioaccumulation, sub-acute toxicity, and tissue distribution of engineered titanium dioxide (tio2) nanoparticles in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the increased use of nano-sized materials is likely to result in the release of these particles into the environment. it is, however, unclear if these materials are harmful to aquatic animals. in this study, the sub-lethal effects of exposure of low and high concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (tio2 nps) on goldfish (carassius auratus) were investigated. tissues, including intestine, gills, muscle, and brain were analyzed for ti content by icp-ms. accumulation of tio2 nps increased ... | 2013 | 25383077 |
| characterization of myeloid-specific peroxidase, keratin 8, and dual specificity phosphatase 1 as innate immune genes involved in the resistance of crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) to cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection. | myeloid-specific peroxidase (mpo), keratin 8 (krt-8), and dual specificity phosphatase 1 (dusp-1) are believed to play essential roles in innate immunity. through suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) analysis, we previously identified mpo, krt-8, and dusp-1 as the three genes that were the most significantly upregulated in crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) that survived cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) infection. here, we have further characterized these three genes and their respon ... | 2014 | 25312688 |
| thelohanellus wangi n. sp. (myxozoa, myxosporea), a new gill parasite of allogynogenetic gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch) in china, causing severe gill myxosporidiosis. | we describe here a new myxozoan, thelohanellus wangi n. sp., infecting the allogynogenetic gibel carp, carassius auratus gibelio (bloch), in a fry nursery farm in jiangsu province, china. polysporous gray white round or ovoid plasmodia, 500-1,500 μm in size, were found exclusively in the gill filaments. the diagnostic characteristics of the myxospores are as follows: spore melon seed shaped in frontal view with smooth surface and asymmetrical valves; convex-shaped in sutural view with straight o ... | 2015 | 25287713 |
| monocrotophos pesticide decreases the plasma levels of total 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine and alters the expression of genes associated with the thyroidal axis in female goldfish (carassius auratus). | our recent study showed that monocrotophos (mcp) pesticide disrupted the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (hpt) axis in male goldfish (carassius auratus); however, the effects of mcp on the thyroid system in female goldfish are remain unclear. in the present study, plasma thyroid hormone (th) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) levels were evaluated in female goldfish exposed to 0.01, 0.10, and 1.00 mg/l of 40% mcp-based pesticide for 21 days in a semi-static exposure system. expression profiles ... | 2014 | 25268935 |
| anthelmintic activity of saikosaponins a and d from radix bupleuri against dactylogyrus spp. infecting goldfish. | disease caused by the parasitic helminths dactylogyrus spp. results in significant economic damage to the aquaculture industry. treatment using common chemicals (e.g. formalin) is usually dissatisfactory due to environmental problems, risk of residues, toxicity to fish, and the possibility of anthelmintic resistance. the search for an alternative drug is thus becoming more urgent. this study was designed to evaluate in vivo the anthelmintic efficacy of total saponin (ts), saikosaponin a (ssa), a ... | 2014 | 25266906 |
| validation of reference genes for rt-qpcr analysis of cyp4t expression in crucian carp. | reference genes are commonly used for normalization of target gene expression during rt-qpcr analysis. however, no housekeeping genes or reference genes have been identified to be stable across different tissue types or under different experimental conditions. to identify the most suitable reference genes for rt-qpcr analysis of target gene expression in the hepatopancreas of crucian carp (carassius auratus) under various conditions (sex, age, water temperature, and drug treatments), seven refer ... | 2014 | 25249772 |
| thermal optima and tolerance in the eurythermic goldfish (carassius auratus): relationships between whole-animal aerobic capacity and maximum heart rate. | the wide thermal tolerance range of a eurythermic fish (goldfish, carassius auratus) was used to evaluate how temperature performance curves derived from maximum heart rate (fh) related to those for aerobic scope. for acclimation temperatures of 12°, 20°, and 28°c, optimum temperatures derived from aerobic scope curves (topt) were 19.9° ± 0.4°, 19.3° ± 0.8°, and 28.7° ± 0.8°c, respectively. the arrhenius breakpoint temperatures (tab) for maximum fh were 21.5° ± 0.6°, 23.8° ± 0.9°, and 24.6° ± 0. ... | 2014 | 25244373 |
| (1)h nmr-based metabolomics study on a goldfish model of parkinson's disease induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp). | a goldfish (carassius auratus) model of parkinson's disease (pd) was constructed by a single dose of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) according to previously reported methods. global metabolite changes in brain of the mptp induced goldfish model of pd were investigated. (1)h nmr-based metabolomics combined with various statistical methods such as orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (opls-da) and two-dimensional statistical total correlation spectroscopy (2d- ... | 2014 | 25242684 |
| sequence, genomic organization and expression of ghrelin receptor in grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus. | the growth hormone secretagogue-receptor (ghs-r) is an endogenous receptor for the gut hormone ghrelin. here we report the identification and characterization of ghs-r1a in grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus. the full-length ghs-r1a cdna contained a 1803-bp coding domain sequence which encoded a peptide of 360 amino acid residues. comparison analysis revealed that the amino acid sequences of ghs-r1a were highly conserved in vertebrates and shared 97% amino acid identity with zebrafish (danio r ... | 2015 | 25242546 |
| functional characterization of receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 (rip2) of the goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | we report on the functional characterization of rip2 of the goldfish. quantitative expression analysis of goldfish rip2 revealed the greatest mrna levels in the spleen, monocytes and splenocytes. we generated a recombinant form of the molecule (rgrip2) and determined that anti-human rip2 polyclonal antibody specifically recognized recombinant goldfish rip2 (rgrip2). goldfish rip2 activity was inhibited by the p38 mapk pathway inhibitor sb203580. treatment of goldfish macrophages with lps, pgn, m ... | 2015 | 25242011 |
| complete mitochondrial dna genome of triploid pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus). | the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of triploid pengze crucian carp was 16,580 bp in length. the mitochondrial genome contains 22 transfer rnas, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rnas and 2 non-coding regions (control region and origin of light-strand replication). all genes were encoded on the heavy strain except for nd6 and eight trna genes. the overall base composition is a 31.53%, t 26.23%, g 16.15%, c 26.09%, with an a + t bias of 57.76%. the complete mtdna sequence of the geograp ... | 2016 | 25231717 |
| screening medicinal plants for use against dactylogyrus intermedius (monogenea) infection in goldfish. | abstract methanol extracts of 24 traditional medicinal plants with potential anthelmintic activity against dactylogyrus intermedius (monogenea) in goldfish carassius auratus were investigated. abrus cantoniensis, citrus medica, dioscorea collettii, and polygonum multiflorum exhibited 100% activity and were selected for further evaluation by applying five solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water) for the extraction of the samples, followed by an in vivo bioassay. ... | 2014 | 25229482 |
| in vitro assessment of interactions between appetite-regulating peptides in brain of goldfish (carassius auratus). | orexins, apelin, melanin-concentrating hormone (mch), neuropeptide y (npy) and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (cart) are important appetite-regulating factors produced by the brain of both mammals and fish. these peptide systems and their target areas are widely distributed within the central nervous system. although morphological connections between some of these systems have been demonstrated in the brain, little is known about the functional interactions between these systems, i ... | 2014 | 25219945 |
| fish mavs is involved in rlr pathway-mediated ifn response. | mammalian mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (mavs) is an essential adapter involved in retinoic acid-inducible gene-i (rig-i)-like receptor (rlr)-triggered interferon (ifn) antiviral immunity. fish mavs homologues have been identified in several fish species; however, the signaling pathway involving fish mavs-mediated ifn response remains to be investigated. in the present study, we report identification of a fish mavs orthologue from crucian carp carassius auratus blastulae embryonic (c ... | 2014 | 25219369 |
| connections of the commissural nucleus of cajal in the goldfish, with special reference to the topographic organization of ascending visceral sensory pathways. | the primary general visceral nucleus of teleosts is called the commissural nucleus of cajal (ncc). the ncc of goldfish has been divided into the medial (nccm) and lateral (nccl) subnuclei that receive inputs from subdiaphragmatic gastrointestinal tract and the posterior pharynx, respectively. fiber connections of the ncc were examined by tract-tracing methods in the goldfish carassius auratus. tracer injections into the ncc suggested that the ncc projects directly not only to the secondary visce ... | 2015 | 25209308 |
| complete mitochondrial dna genome of tetraploid carassius auratus gibelio. | the complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the tetraploid carassius auratus gibelio in this study. the genome sequence was 16,576 bp in length. the mitochondrial genome contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rnas, 22 transfer rnas, and 2 non-coding regions (control region and origin of light-strand replication). all genes were encoded on the heavy strain except for nd6 and eight trna genes. the overall base composition is 31.61% a, 25.81% t, 26.62% g, 15.96% c, with an a+t bias ... | 2016 | 25208178 |
| feeding habits and ontogenic changes in digestive enzyme patterns in five freshwater teleosts. | feeding habits and the activity of digestive enzymes (total alkaline proteases, α-amylase and lipase) from dace leuciscus leuciscus, roach rutilus rutilus, prussian carp carassius auratus gibelio, perch perca fluviatilis and pikeperch sander lucioperca fry were studied in the malye chany lake-kargat estuary (western siberia, russia). the diet of fry from all studied species was mainly composed of chironomid larvae and zooplanktonic organisms (i.e. cladocera and copepoda), whereas carnivorous spe ... | 2014 | 25199648 |
| evaluation of thermosensitive poloxamer 407 gel systems for the sustained release of estradiol in a fish model. | the purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a delivery system comprising a thermosensitive gel for the sustained release of steroidal hormones in fish, over an extended period of time after a single intramuscular (i.m.) injection and for the improved reproductive performance in fish. controlled delivery systems based on thermosensitive gels are easy to prepare, low cost and high versatility dosage forms, which have been shown to be effective in several animal species for sustained rele ... | 2014 | 25194925 |
| concentration and bioaccumulation of cyanobacterial bioactive and odorous metabolites occurred in a large, shallow chinese lake. | the distributions of cyanobacterial bioactive and odorous metabolites were investigated in the fifth largest lake in china in the fishing season 2012. the highest microcystins (mcs) concentration in water reached 3.4 µg l(-1). a high β-ionone concentration reached 35.6 ng l(-1) in water. mean mcs concentration in muscle was highest in omnivorous carassius auratus (20.9 ng g(-1) dry weight), followed by phytoplanktivorous hypophthalmichthys molitrix (7.4 ng g(-1) dw) and carnivorous coilia ectene ... | 2014 | 25194695 |
| effects of bde-209 and its mixtures with bde-47 and bde-99 on multiple biomarkers in carassius auratus. | in the present study, the sublethal effects of bde-209 and its mixtures with bde-47 and bde-99 on goldfish (carassius auratus) were investigated, and the biomarkers including acetylcholinesterase (ache) in brain, catalase (cat), ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod), glutathione-s-transferase (gst) and superoxide dismutase (sod) in liver were determined after 4 days of exposure. ache and cat activities were significantly inhibited by bde-209 and the mixtures at higher dosages (≥1mg/kg), and exhibi ... | 2014 | 25180441 |
| abnormal chromosome behavior during meiosis in the allotetraploid of carassius auratus red var. (♀)×megalobrama amblycephala (♂). | allopolyploids generally undergo bivalent pairing at meiosis because only homologous chromosomes pair up. on the other hand, several studies have documented abnormal chromosome behavior during mitosis and meiosis in allopolyploids plants leading to the production of gametes with complete paternal or maternal chromosomes. polyploidy is relatively rare in animals compared with plants; thus, chromosome behavior at meiosis in the allopolyploid animals is poorly understood. | 2014 | 25178799 |
| nitric oxide improves the hemodynamic performance of the hypoxic goldfish (carassius auratus) heart. | goldfish tolerate prolonged and severe hypoxia, thus representing a well-suited model to study the maintenance of cardiac function when o(2) availability represents a limiting factor. using a working heart preparation, we explored the role of the intracardiac nitric oxide synthase (nos)-derived nitric oxide (no) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. cardiac performance was examined both under basal (constant preload and afterload) and loading conditions, i.e. preload-induced increases in stroke ... | 2014 | 25178168 |
| hierarchical structure and cytocompatibility of fish scales from carassius auratus. | to study the structure and the cytocompatibility of fish scales from carassius auratus, scanning electron microscopy (sem) was used to observe the morphology of fish scales treated with different processing methods. based on varying morphologies and components, the fish scales can be divided into three regions on the surface and three layers in vertical. the functions of these three individual layers were analyzed. sem results show that the primary inorganic components are spherical or cubic hyd ... | 2014 | 25175199 |
| the use of environmental dna in invasive species surveillance of the great lakes commercial bait trade. | over 180 non-native species have been introduced in the laurentian great lakes region, many posing threats to native species and ecosystem functioning. one potential pathway for introductions is the commercial bait trade; unknowing or unconcerned anglers commonly release unused bait into aquatic systems. previous surveillance efforts of this pathway relied on visual inspection of bait stocks in retail shops, which can be time and cost prohibitive and requires a trained individual that can rapidl ... | 2015 | 25169113 |
| the autotetraploid fish derived from hybridization of carassius auratus red var. (female) × megalobrama amblycephala (male). | the establishment of the tetraploid organism is difficult but useful in genetics and breeding. in the present study, we have artificially established an autotetraploid fish line (f2-f8) derived from the distant hybridization of carassius auratus red var. (rr, 2n = 100) (female) × megalobrama amblycephala (bb, 2n = 48) (male). the autotetraploid line (f2-f8) possess four sets of chromosomes from red crucian carp (rrrr, 4n = 200) and produce diploid ova and diploid sperm, which maintains the forma ... | 2014 | 25165120 |
| effects of individual and binary mixtures of estrogens on male goldfish (carassius auratus). | adverse effects of five typical environmental estrogens, namely estrone (e1), 17β-estradiol (e2), 4-n-octylphenol (4-n-op), 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-np) and bisphenol a (bpa) on adult male goldfish (carassius auratus) were investigated both individually and in binary mixtures, using serum vitellogenin (vtg) induction and gonadosomatic index (gsi) as the endpoints. doses of individual and binary mixtures of estrogens were chosen at broad ranges. five individual estrogens induced common dose-dependent ... | 2014 | 25154921 |
| perchlorate-induced oxidative stress in isolated liver mitochondria. | as a new threat to environment all through the world, perchlorate (clo4(-)) was predominantly a thyrotoxin, and its toxic manifestations in non-thyroid were also documented. to date, little is known about the effect of clo4(-) on cell and organelle. to reveal the toxicity of clo4(-) on living organism in-depth, mitochondria isolated from liver of carassius auratus were incubated with different concentrations of clo4(-). the results demonstrated that clo4(-)-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress ... | 2014 | 25139032 |
| aquatic environmental safety assessment and inhibition mechanism of chemicals for targeting microcystis aeruginosa. | cyanobacteria are a diverse group of gram-negative bacteria that produce an array of secondary compounds with selective bioactivity against vertebrates, invertebrates, fungi, bacteria and cell lines. recently the main methods of controlling cyanobacteria are using chemicals, medicinal plants and microorganism but fewer involved the safety research in hydrophytic ecosystems. in search of an environmentally safe compound, 53 chemicals were screened against the developed heavy cyanobacteria bloom m ... | 2014 | 25139029 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of a natural triploid crucian carp mutant, carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis, and phylogenetic analysis of different ploidies in crucian carp. | carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis is a natural triploid crucian carp mutant. in order to understand its placement and genetic background at the gene level, the characteristics of mitochondrial dna sequences and phylogenetic relationship were examined. the results showed that the mitochondrial dna is a circular double-stranded dna molecule that is 16,576 bp in length with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna genes, 2 ribosomal rna genes, and a non-coding control region. mitochondrial gen ... | 2014 | 25117343 |
| effects of experimentally induced infections of goldfish carassius auratus with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) at various water temperatures. | in this study, we examined the influence of water temperature on the development of herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis (hvhn) in goldfish carassius auratus after experimentally induced infection with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2). in expt 1, ryukin goldfish were infected with cyhv-2 by intraperitoneal injection and maintained at 4 different water temperatures. cumulative mortalities of the 15, 20, 25 and 30°c groups were 10, 90, 90 and 60%, respectively. therefore, the temperature range of 20 ... | 2014 | 25114043 |
| investigation of effect of 17α-ethinylestradiol on vigilin expression using an isolated recombinant antibody. | vigilin, a highly conserved protein from yeast to mammals, is a multifunctional protein in eukaryotic organisms. one biological function of vigilin is to stabilize the expression level of vitellogenin (vtg). this study aimed to develop vigilin as a new estrogen-inducible biomarker that correlates with the widely applied estrogen-inducible biomarker vtg and expand the ability to detect it in various species. here, a recombinant monoclonal antibody with high specificity against the conserved c-ter ... | 2014 | 25112681 |
| integrated biomarkers in wild crucian carp for early warning of water quality in hun river, north china. | metabolizing enzymes play important roles in the detoxification of various pollutants in aquatic organisms, thereby they can also be used to provide early-warning signals of environmental risks. real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were developed to quantify cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), catalase (cat), and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) in crucian carp (carassius auratus). the methods were then use ... | 2014 | 25079422 |
| observation of the middle intestinal tight junction structure, cloning and studying tissue distribution of the four claudin genes of the grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idellus). | to confirm the existence of the tight junction (tj) in middle intestine and obtain the genetic information of claudin-3, claudin-15a, claudinb and claudinc of grass carp, we observed the physical structure of tj by transmission electron microscopy and cloned the partial cdnas of the four claudins using reverse transcriptase pcr technique. the four partial cdnas consist of 1,261, 490, 776 and 662 bp encoded 131, 150, 195 and 171 amino acids, respectively. homology analysis showed that the grass c ... | 2014 | 25074470 |
| electrophysiological characterization of male goldfish (carassius auratus) ventral preoptic area neurons receiving olfactory inputs. | chemical communication via sex pheromones is critical for successful reproduction but the underlying neural mechanisms are not well-understood. the goldfish is a tractable model because sex pheromones have been well-characterized in this species. we used male goldfish forebrain explants in vitro and performed whole-cell current clamp recordings from single neurons in the ventral preoptic area (vpoa) to characterize their membrane properties and synaptic inputs from the olfactory bulbs (ob). prin ... | 2014 | 25071430 |
| p53 dependent apoptotic cell death induces embryonic malformation in carassius auratus under chronic hypoxia. | hypoxia is a global phenomenon affecting recruitment as well as the embryonic development of aquatic fauna. the present study depicts hypoxia induced disruption of the intrinsic pathway of programmed cell death (pcd), leading to embryonic malformation in the goldfish, carrasius auratus. constant hypoxia induced the early expression of pro-apoptotic/tumor suppressor p53 and concomitant expression of the cell death molecule, caspase-3, leading to high level of dna damage and cell death in hypoxic ... | 2014 | 25068954 |
| fish viperin exerts a conserved antiviral function through rlr-triggered ifn signaling pathway. | mammalian viperin is a typical interferon (ifn)-induced antiviral protein. fish have viperin homologs; however, little is known about the expression regulation of fish viperins. in this study, we report the expression regulation and antiviral function of a fish viperin from crucian carp carassius auratus during ifn response. crucian carp viperin is induced at mrna and protein levels by fish ifns and ifn stimuli such as poly(i:c). consistently, this gene promoter contains multiple transcription f ... | 2014 | 25058853 |
| organ-dependent response in antioxidants, myoglobin and neuroglobin in goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to mc-rr under varying oxygen level. | cyanobacterial bloom, a common phenomenon nowadays often results in the depletion of dissolved oxygen (hypoxia) and releases microcystin-rr (mc-rr) in the water. information on the combined effects of mc-rr and hypoxia on the goldfish is lacking, therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating the effect of two doses of mc-rr on the antioxidants and globin mrna of goldfish under normoxia, hypoxia and reoxygenation. the result showed that mc-rr at both doses (50 and 200 μg kg(-1) body weight) signif ... | 2014 | 25048936 |
| bioaccumulation, distribution and metabolism of bde-153 in the freshwater fish carassius auratus after dietary exposure. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are of great environmental concern due to bioaccumulation and biomagnification in different food chains. however, significant biotransformation of some congeners via reductive debromination has been observed during in vivo and in vitro laboratory exposures. little is known about the fate of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether (bde-153) in fish. in the present study, crucian carp (carassius auratus) were exposed to bde-153 at a concentration of 10μg/g in ... | 2014 | 25038267 |
| histopathological and biochemical changes in goldfish kidney due to exposure to the herbicide sencor may be related to induction of oxidative stress. | molecular mechanisms of toxicity by the metribuzin-containing herbicide sencor to living organisms, particularly fish, have not yet been extensively investigated. in the present work, we studied the effects of 96 h exposure to 7.14, 35.7, or 71.4 mg l(-1) of sencor (corresponding to 5, 25, or 50 mg l(-1) of its herbicidal component metribuzin) on goldfish (carassius auratus l.), examining the histology, levels of oxidative stress markers, and activities of antioxidant and related enzymes in kidn ... | 2014 | 25036620 |
| oxidative stress in the gill tissues of goldfishes (carassius auratus) parasitized by dactylogyrus spp. | the aim of this study was to investigate the status of oxidative stress in the gill tissues of goldfishes (carassius auratus) parasitized by dactylogyrus spp. we therefore compared the concentrations of malondialdehyde (mda) and total thiol groups in the gill tissues of parasitized and non- parasitized goldfishes. 15 goldfishes parasitized by dactylogyrus spp. along with 15 non-parasitized goldfishes were selected for the study. a significant increase in mda concentration (p < 0.01) and a signif ... | 2014 | 25035583 |
| gill remodeling in three freshwater teleosts in response to high environmental ammonia. | the present study aimed to determine whether gill macro- and microstructure show compensatory responses in three freshwater fish differing in their sensitivity to high environmental ammonia (hea). the highly ammonia-sensitive salmonid oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less ammonia-sensitive cyprinid cyprinus carpio (common carp) and the highly ammonia-resistant cyprinid carassius auratus (goldfish) were used as test species and were exposed for 0 h (control), 3h, 12h, 24h, 48 h, 84 h and ... | 2014 | 25033244 |
| type-iv antifreeze proteins are essential for epiboly and convergence in gastrulation of zebrafish embryos. | many organisms in extremely cold environments such as the antarctic pole have evolved antifreeze molecules to prevent ice formation. there are four types of antifreeze proteins (afps). type-iv antifreeze proteins (afp4s) are present also in certain temperate and even tropical fish, which has raised a question as to whether these afp4s have important functions in addition to antifreeze activity. here we report the identification and functional analyses of afp4s in cyprinid fish. two genes, namely ... | 2014 | 25013380 |
| alternations in neuroendocrine and endocrine regulation of reproduction in male goldfish (carassius auratus) following an acute and chronic exposure to vinclozolin, in vivo. | the fungicide vinclozolin (vz) is in use globally and known to disrupt reproductive function in male. the present study tested the hypothesis that vz disrupts testicular function in goldfish (carassius auratus) by affecting brain-pituitary-testis axis. goldfish were exposed to 100, 400 and 800 μg/l vz and 5 μg/l 17β-estradiol (e2) for comparison. in vz treated goldfish, 11-ketotesteosterone (11-kt) secretion was changed depending on dose and duration period of treatment. following 7 days of expo ... | 2014 | 24995616 |
| cloning, molecular characterization and expression analysis of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (igfbp-2) cdna in goldfish, carassius auratus. | in the present study, a full-length cdna encoding the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (igfbp-2) was cloned from the liver of goldfish (carassius auratus) by rapid amplification of cdna ends technique. the goldfish igfbp-2 cdna sequence was 1,513 bp long and had an open reading frame of 825 bp encoding a predicted polypeptide of 274 amino acid residues. semi-quantitative rt-pcr results revealed that goldfish igfbp-2 mrna was expressed in all detected tissues. in liver, central nervou ... | 2014 | 24992902 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of immunoglobulin m heavy chain gene of blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala). | immunoglobulins (igs), which bind antigens with high specificity, are essential molecules in adaptive immune system of jawed vertebrates. in this study, cdna encoding the secreted form of the immunoglobulin heavy chain of igm (sigm) was cloned from the mesonephros of blunt snout bream (megalabrama amblycephala) using rt-pcr and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the full-length cdna of sigm heavy chain gene has 1961 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 569 amino acids, constant regio ... | 2014 | 24979225 |
| identification of a novel fish granzyme involved in cell-mediated immunity. | granzymes (gzms) are serine proteases released from cytoplasmic granules within cytotoxic t lymphocytes and natural killer (nk) cells. gzms induce apoptosis within virus-infected and transformed cells. in fish as well as mammals, gzms appear to play a major role in inducing target cell death. however, information on the function of fish gzms is limited, although gzm-like genes have been reported in several species. we identified and characterized a fish gzm (termed gcgzm) in ginbuna crucian carp ... | 2014 | 24968079 |
| changes in physiochemical properties of water-soluble proteins from crucian carp (carassius auratus) during heat treatment. | in order to understand physicochemical properties of water-soluble proteins obtained from crucian carp, turbidity, total sulfhydryl content, hydrophobicity and sds-page of crucian carp water-soluble proteins during heat treatment were investigated. turbidity remained unchanged up to 44°c and considerably increased from 46°c to 54°c, one peak of increase rate was found at 50°c; total sh content decreased rapidly when heated from 50°c to 55°c; hydrophobicity increased sharply when heated up to 45° ... | 2014 | 24966436 |