Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| neural responses of goldfish lateral line afferents to vortex motions. | the lateral line system of fish is sensitive to weak water motions. we recorded from posterior lateral line nerve afferents while stimulating goldfish, carassius auratus, with unidirectional water flow and with a vortex ring. posterior lateral line afferents of goldfish were either flow sensitive or flow insensitive. both types of afferents responded to a vortex ring that passed the fish laterally with one to three reproducible patterns of neural activity, followed by activity patterns that were ... | 2006 | 16391355 |
| tolerance and withdrawal in goldfish exposed to ethanol. | acute ethanol exposure decreases regulated body temperature. tolerance and dependence develop with continued exposure. removal of ethanol following chronic exposure produces withdrawal. there is little information on the time course for the development of tolerance and disagreement about the presence of a rebound effect on body temperature during withdrawal. for tolerance, we monitored the selected temperature [t(sel)] of goldfish [carassius auratus] for 8 h while they were exposed to one of thr ... | 2006 | 16448677 |
| temperature increase results in oxidative stress in goldfish tissues. 2. antioxidant and associated enzymes. | activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), glutathione reductase (gr), and glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase (g6pdh) were measured in four tissues of goldfish, carassius auratus l., over 1-12 h of high temperature (35 degrees c) exposure followed by 4 or 24 h of lower temperature (21 degrees c) recovery. sod activity was strongly affected by heat shock, increasing 4-fold in brain, liver, and kidney, but was mainly reversed at ... | 2006 | 16426898 |
| temperature increase results in oxidative stress in goldfish tissues. 1. indices of oxidative stress. | levels of lipid peroxides (looh), thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances (tbars), protein carbonyls and low- and high-molecular weight thiols were measured in brain, liver, kidney, and white muscle of goldfish, carassius auratus l., over 1-12 h of high temperature (35 degrees c) exposure followed by 4 or 24 h of lower (21 degrees c) temperature recovery. looh and tbars contents increased during heat shock exposure with a maximal rise of 20-fold for liver tbars, but both mainly reversed at recov ... | 2006 | 16423562 |
| influence of long-term exposure to dietary cadmium on growth, maturation and reproduction of goldfish (subspecies: prussian carp carassius auratus gibelio b.). | the influence of long-term exposure of goldfish to dietary cadmium (cd) on its accumulation in tissues, growth, ovarian development, luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion and a response to hormonal stimulation of spawning were evaluated. the study was conducted on four groups of females for the period of 3 years, from the age of 10 weeks to second spawning. four doses of cd were applied in the feed: 0 (control group), 0.1, 1 and 10 mg cd g(-1) of feed (wet weight). the highest dose of cd (10 mg g(- ... | 2006 | 16406109 |
| stimulatory effect of n-octanoylated ghrelin on locomotor activity in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | ghrelin is implicated in growth and feeding regulation in fish. the influence of ghrelin on behavior has not been well studied and the physiological role of des-fatty acid modification of this peptide is unclear. therefore, the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) and intraperitoneal (ip) administration of synthetic n-octanoylated (acyl) goldfish ghrelin and des-n-octanoylated (des-acyl) ghrelin on locomotor and orexigenic activity in the goldfish were examined. icv administration of acyl gh ... | 2006 | 16297501 |
| effects of amylin on feeding of goldfish: interactions with cck. | in mammals, amylin (amy) is a peptide that is secreted from the pancreas in response to a meal. amy inhibits food intake and may also contribute to the anorectic effects of the brain-gut peptide cholecystokinin (cck). in this study, we assessed the role of amy in the regulation of food intake in goldfish (carassius auratus) and its interactions with cck. fish were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with mammalian amy and intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) with mammalian amy, alone or in combinati ... | 2006 | 16239037 |
| effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on food intake and locomotor activity in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | we investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) and intraperitoneal (ip) administration of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) on food intake in the goldfish, carassius auratus. cumulative food intake was significantly decreased by icv injection of pacap or vip. similarly, ip administration of pacap or vip induced a significant decrease in food intake. icv injection of pacap or vip also induced a significant decrease ... | 2006 | 16888202 |
| [cloning, expression and antibacterial activity of histone h1 and its n-terminal peptide from carassius auratus]. | in order to determine whether h1 histone proteins are associated with innate immune antimicrobial response in goldfish, we extracted the total rna from the hemocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus), designed 3 pairs of primers based on the previous antimicrobial peptide sequences from fish and performed rt-pcr. among 3 obtained-pcr products, we identified a novel histone h1 coding sequence of 576 bp which belongs to the histone h1 family and is 78% homologous with the amino acid sequence of hist ... | 2006 | 16856400 |
| deficits in acquisition of spatial learning after dorsomedial telencephalon lesions in goldfish. | acquisition of spatial learning is an important function of mammalian hippocampus. in order to identify the brain areas in teleost fish that are homologous to mammalian hippocampus, the present study examined the effects of lesions in the dorsal area of the caudal telencephalon of goldfish (carassius auratus) on the acquisition of spatial learning. an open-field maze that was similar to the dry version of the morris water maze was used. the task consisted of habituation and postoperative trainin ... | 2006 | 16797738 |
| growth rate and body condition in relation to group size in black widow tetras (gymnocorymbus ternetzi) and common goldfish (carassius auratus). | 2006 | 16772504 | |
| the influence of feeding frequency on growth and body condition of the common goldfish (carassius auratus). | 2006 | 16772472 | |
| regulative mechanism of ce3+ relieves dna damage caused by cd2+ in the kidney of silver crucian carp. | the mechanism of cd2+ on the dna cleavage and ce3+ on the dna repair in the kidney of silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis methods and assaying biochemical indexes. it proves that cd2+ induces the classical laddering degradation of dna in vivo, but dna cleavage is repaired after injecting with a low ce3+ concentration under various cd2+ concentrations. the dna cleavage caused by cd2+ is the result of the activation of deoxyribonuclease (d ... | 2006 | 17194924 |
| acute and chronic leptin reduces food intake and body weight in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible role of leptin in food intake and body weight regulation in goldfish. we examined the effects of i.c.v. or i.p. acute leptin administration on food intake in food-deprived goldfish at different time intervals post-injection (0-2, 2-8 and 0-8 h). food intake was reduced by i.p. administered leptin (1 microg) at 8 h post-injection, without statistically significant differences after i.c.v. treatment. the present study shows for the fir ... | 2006 | 16522731 |
| relationship between anorexigenic action of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) and that of corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh) in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | our recent research has indicated that intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) suppresses food intake and locomotor activity in the goldfish. however, the anorexigenic mechanism of pacap has not yet been clarified. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the anorexigenic action of pacap and that of corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh), which is implicated in the regulation of energy homeostasis as a powerful ... | 2006 | 16519959 |
| stimulation effect of lithium on the metabolic activity of liver tissue mitochondria measured by microcalorimetry. | the effect of li(i) on the metabolism of mitochondria isolated from carassius auratus liver tissue was investigated by microcalorimetric method to provide evidence for mitochondria hypothesis of bipolar disorder (bpd) and to explore therapeutic mechanism of drug for treatment of bpd. obvious stimulation induced by li(i) on mitochondria metabolism was reflected by power-time (p-t) curves. the power-time curves of hepatic mitochondria metabolism without li(i) could be divided into four parts: lag ... | 2006 | 17205999 |
| initial sexual maturity and fecundity of the goldfish carassius auratus (perciformes: cyprynidae) under semi-controlled conditions. | we studied the time of initial sexual maturity and the fecundity of the goldfish carassius auratus under semi-controlled conditions. during the study the water temperature fluctuated from 21 to 30 degrees c, the ph between 7 and 8, and the dissolved oxygen between 5.5 and 7 ppm. sixty days old juvenile fish received prophylactic treatments of brackish water (15 per thousand) and methylene blue baths (1%), and they were fed with live daphnia magna. the initial sexual maturity occurred between 225 ... | 2006 | 18457147 |
| triploid origin of the gibel carp as revealed by 5s rdna localization and chromosome painting. | 5s ribosomal dna (rdna) was isolated and sequenced from the gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio with 162 chromosomes and crucian carp carassius auratus with 100 chromosomes, and fluorescent probes for chromosome localization were prepared to ascertain the ploidy origin and evolutionary relationship between the two species. using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish), major 5s rdna signals were localized to the short arms of three subtelocentric chromosomes in the gibel carp and to the short ... | 2006 | 17115331 |
| correlation of c-start behaviors with neural activity recorded from the hindbrain in free-swimming goldfish (carassius auratus). | startle behaviors in teleost fishes are well suited for investigations of mechanisms of sensorimotor integration because the behavior is quantifiable and much of the underlying circuitry has been identified. the teleost c-start is triggered by an action potential in one of the two mauthner (m) cells. to correlate c-start behavior with electrophysiology, extracellular recordings were obtained from the surface of the medulla oblongata in the hindbrain, close to the m-axons, in freely swimming gold ... | 2006 | 17114411 |
| anatomical and functional recovery of the goldfish (carassius auratus) ear following noise exposure. | fishes can regenerate lateral line and inner ear sensory hair cells that have been lost following exposure to ototoxic antibiotics. however, regenerative capabilities following noise exposure have not been explored in fish. moreover, nothing is known about the functional relationship between hair cell damage and hearing loss, or the time course of morphological versus functional recovery in fishes. this study examines the relationship between hair cell damage and physiological changes in auditor ... | 2006 | 17050834 |
| investigation of long-term stress induced by several stressors by determination of the concentration of different blood plasma components in a model of prussian carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch, 1783) and common carp (cyprinus carpio l., 1758). | several compounds (carbohydrates, proteins, hormones, etc.) were used in fish to quantify the level of stress. our investigations focused on two parameters of the blood plasma: plasma glucose and serum/plasma fructosamine (sefa) that has not been tested on fish as yet. experiments were conducted on two fish species. the concentrations of these components were investigated on common carp (cyprinus carpio l., 1758) and on prussian carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch, 1783) from the gödöllö-isasz ... | 2006 | 17048694 |
| neuropeptide y mediates ghrelin-induced feeding in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | intracerebroventricular (icv) and intraperitoneal (ip) administration of n-octanoic acid-modified ghrelin stimulates food intake in the goldfish. we examined the involvement of neuropeptide y (npy) in the orexigenic action of ghrelin using a npy y1-receptor antagonist, bibp-3226. food intake induced by icv or ip injection of ghrelin was suppressed by icv preinjection of bibp-3226 for 1 h. we then examined whether ghrelin affects the expression of npy mrna in the goldfish brain using a real-time ... | 2006 | 16979293 |
| differential distribution of two molecular forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in discrete brain areas of goldfish (carassius auratus). | two molecular forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) were identified in the extracts of various brain areas, spinal cord and pituitary in female and male goldfish and had chromatographic and immunological properties similar to [his5, trp7, tyr8]-gnrh (cgnrh-ii) and [trp7,leu8]-gnrh (sgnrh). radioimmunoassay using different gnrh antisera after high pressure liquid chromatography did not reveal significant peaks of mammalian gnrh, [gln8]-gnrh and [tyr3,leu5,glu6,trp7,lys8]-gnrh in the brai ... | 2006 | 3047700 |
| [experimental morphologic studies of the retina of the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) after prolonged exposure to light and darkness]. | 2006 | 3827474 | |
| [cytophysiological changes in pituitary gland (pars intermedia) of carassius auratus l. (teleostei cyprinidae) during adaptation to hyperosmotic environment]. | 2006 | 4469408 | |
| [life cycle of the trematode, crowcrocaecum skrjabini (iwanitzky, 1928) (allocreadiata, opecoelidae)]. | crowcrocaecum skrjabini has an intermediate and additional hosts. the mollusk lithoglyphus naticoides serves as an intermediate host; the invasion extensity is 43.88% in summer and 28.57% -- in autumn and winter. in the experiment gammarus (rivulogammarus) balcanicus has turned to be an additional host and carassius auratus givelia -- a definitive hot. the descriptions are given of cercaria (which belongs to a cotylocercal type), metacercaria and marita, reared in the experiment. | 2007 | 940689 |
| identification of a putative oocyte-specific small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide c in gibel carp. | previous studies have demonstrated that germinal vesicle of amphibian oocyte contains small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide c (snrpc). in this study, a putative member of snrpc was identified from carassius auratus gibelio oocyte cdna library. its full-length cdna has an open reading frame of 201 nt for encoding a peptide of 66 aa, a short 5'-utr of 19 nt and a long 3'-utr of 347 nt including a polyadenylation signal and poly- (a) tail, and the deduced amino acid sequence has 47% identity ... | 2007 | 17049898 |
| responses to dipole stimuli of anterior lateral line nerve fibres in goldfish, carassius auratus, under still and running water conditions. | we investigated how fibres in the anterior lateral line nerve of goldfish, carassius auratus, respond to sinusoidal water motions in a background of still or running water. two types of fibres were distinguished: type i fibres, which most likely innervate superficial neuromasts, were stimulated by running water (10 cm s(-1)) while type ii fibres, which most likely innervate canal neuromasts, were not stimulated by running water. the responses of type i fibres to sinusoidal water motions were mas ... | 2007 | 17075719 |
| beta-sitosterol and 17beta-estradiol alter gonadal steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) expression in goldfish, carassius auratus. | fish exposed to the phytosterol beta-sitosterol (beta-sit) have decreased circulating hormone and cholesterol concentrations, and decreased gonadal intra-mitochondrial cholesterol pools. the current study examined the potential for beta-sit to alter abundance of the key cholesterol transport protein, steroidogenic acute regulatory (star) protein, which delivers cholesterol to the first and rate-limiting steroidogenic enzyme p450 side chain cleavage (p450(scc)) inside the mitochondria. plasma tes ... | 2007 | 17196966 |
| pharmacological activation of mglu2/3 metabotropic glutamate receptors protects retinal neurons against anoxic damage in the goldfish carassius auratus. | we examined the expression of mglu2/3 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the retina of the goldfish carassius auratus. mglu2/3 receptors were expressed in all retinal layers internal to the photoreceptor layer, particularly in the outer and inner nuclear layers. although the goldfish brain is able to tolerate prolonged periods of anoxia, we examined whether anoxia could induce retinal damage. three hours of anoxia induced in the retina the development of apoptotic cell death, as assessed 48 h l ... | 2007 | 17196590 |
| the directional hearing abilities of two species of bamboo sharks. | auditory evoked potentials (aeps) were used to measure the directional hearing thresholds of the white-spotted bamboo shark chiloscyllium plagiosum and the brown-banded bamboo shark chiloscyllium punctatum at four frequencies and seven directions, using a shaker table designed to mimic the particle motion component of sound. over most directions and frequencies there were no significant differences in acceleration thresholds, suggesting that the sharks have omni-directional hearing abilities. go ... | 2007 | 17234620 |
| thioperamide delays vestibular compensation in goldfish. | unilateral lesion of the vestibular system induces posturo-locomotor deficits that are compensated for with time. drug therapy is currently used to improve the recovery process and to facilitate vestibular compensation. we investigated the effects of thioperamide on functional recovery after unilateral labyrinthectomy in carassius auratus. approximately 24h after surgery, the animals were injected intraperitoneally with thioperamide (15 mg/kg) and saline (1.5 ml/kg). the injections were repeated ... | 2007 | 17234345 |
| identification and characterization of two homologues of interferon-stimulated gene isg15 in crucian carp. | isg15 is one of the most strongly induced genes upon viral infection, interferon (ifn) stimulation, and lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulation, and only one copy has been found in mammals so far. here two fish isg15 genes, termed caisg15-1 and caisg15-2, have been cloned and sequenced from uv-inactivated gchv (grass carp haemorrhagic virus)-infected and ifn-produced cab cells (crucian carp carassius auratus blastulae embryonic cells) by suppression subtractive hybridization. the full-length cdna s ... | 2007 | 17350861 |
| homologous regulation of estrogen receptor subtypes in goldfish (carassius auratus). | while considerable information is available on the physiological effects of estrogen, much less is known about the regulation of estrogen receptor (er) subtypes, particularly in non-mammalian vertebrates. using goldfish as primary experimental model, we investigated sex- and tissue-specific homologous regulation of er subtypes (eralpha, erbetai, and erbetaii) by estradiol in vivo, in the liver and gonads. treatment with estradiol, significantly upregulated transcript levels for all three types o ... | 2007 | 17342729 |
| electrophysiological properties of pituitary cells in primary culture from atlantic cod (gadus morhua). | the aim of the present study was to explore the electrophysiological properties of pituitary cells from atlantic cod (gadus morhua), as a basis for future studies of the signaling pathways involved in the control of pituitary secretion in this species. primary cultures of pituitary cells from maturing atlantic cod were prepared by trypsin treatment and mechanical dispersion. electrophysiological recordings were performed using the perforated patch clamp method. a subpopulation of large cells wer ... | 2007 | 17565196 |
| the use of anesthesia during evoked potential audiometry in goldfish (carassius auratus). | auditory-evoked potentials (aeps) have become a widely utilized measure of hearing sensitivity. most investigators use pharmacological paralysis to reduce myogenic noise and immobilize the animal for stable electrical recordings, but additional anesthesia is generally not used because the most commonly available fish anesthetic, the cholinergic antagonist tricaine methanosulfate (ms222), is known to disrupt hair cell and primary afferent physiology. anesthetic agents that do not interfere with a ... | 2007 | 17448451 |
| lipid dynamics in goldfish (carassius auratus) during a period of gonadal recrudescence: effects of beta-sitosterol and 17beta-estradiol exposure. | the potential for contaminants to alter lipid or cholesterol dynamics in fish is rarely investigated and may include critical physiological endpoints that are impacted by exposure to endocrine-active substances. the current study investigated plasma and tissue lipid dynamics over a period of recrudescence in goldfish, while also examining the potential for beta-sitosterol (beta-sit), a phytosterol and 17beta-estradiol (e(2)), an endogenous estrogen, to alter lipid homeostasis. goldfish were expo ... | 2007 | 17428736 |
| detection of cytogenetic and dna damage in peripheral erythrocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to a glyphosate formulation using the micronucleus test and the comet assay. | glyphosate is a widely used broad-spectrum weed control agent. in the present study, an in vivo study on the genotoxic effects of a technical herbicide (roundup) containing isopropylamine salt of glyphosate was carried out on freshwater goldfish carassius auratus. the fish were exposed to three doses of glyphosate formulation (5, 10 and 15 ppm). cyclophosphamide at a single dose of 5 mg/l was used as positive control. analysis of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities and dna damage were performed o ... | 2007 | 17426049 |
| the effects of gaba agonists on glutamic acid decarboxylase, gaba-transaminase, activin, salmon gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase mrna in the goldfish (carassius auratus) neuroendocrine brain. | gaba plays a pivotal role in reproduction by regulating luteinising hormone (lh) release from the anterior pituitary. current evidence indicates that there is a prominent stimulatory effect of gaba on lh release in teleost fish which results from enhanced gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) release and decreased dopamine turnover in the brain and pituitary. we hypothesised that there may be additional mechanisms underlying lh release in goldfish and investigated the relative mrna levels of ga ... | 2007 | 17425614 |
| calretinin and s-100 expression in goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), schwannoma. | 2007 | 17394528 | |
| vertebrate osmoregulation: a student laboratory exercise using teleost fish. | here, we describe a laboratory experiment as part of an upper-level vertebrate physiology course for biology majors to investigate the physiological response of vertebrates to osmoregulatory challenges. the experiment involves measuring plasma osmolality and na+-k+-atpase activity in gill tissue of teleost fish acclimated to water of differing salinity. we describe results obtained using the widely available goldfish (carassius auratus) and a common baitfish, the gulf killifish (fundulus grandis ... | 2007 | 18057409 |
| developmental expression of cagmdkb during gibel carp embryogenesis. | midkine (mdk) genes have been revealed to have different expression patterns in vertebrates and therefore, additional studies on mdk expression patterns are required in more species. in this study, cagmdkb has been cloned and characterized from a smart cdna library of 10-somite stage embryos of carassius auratus gibelio. its full length cdna is 1091 bp and encodes a sequence of 147 amino acids, which shows 97.3% identity to zebrafish mdkb on the amino acid level. rt-pcr analysis reveals that cag ... | 2007 | 17939124 |
| a mechanism of polarized light sensitivity in cone photoreceptors of the goldfish carassius auratus. | an integrated laser tweezer and microphotometry device has been used to characterize in detail how individual, axially orientated goldfish photoreceptors absorb linearly polarized light. this work demonstrates that the mid-wavelength sensitive members of double cone photoreceptors display axial differential polarization sensitivity. the polarization contrast was measured to be 9.2 +/- 0.4%. by comparison, rod photoreceptors only exhibit isotropic absorbance. these data, combined with the square ... | 2007 | 17938422 |
| otolith endorgan input to the mauthner neuron in the goldfish. | the mauthner (m-) cell of the goldfish, carassius auratus, triggers the rapid escape response of the fish in response to various stimuli, including visual and auditory. the large size and accessibility of the m-cell make it an ideal model system for the study of synaptic transmission, membrane properties, and sensory-motor gating. although physiological recordings have suggested that afferents from all three of the inner ear endorgans (the saccule, lagena, and utricle) synapse directly on the ip ... | 2007 | 17924544 |
| immunotoxicity of bisphenol a to carassius auratus lymphocytes and macrophages following in vitro exposure. | bisphenol a (bpa) is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (edc). the reproductive toxicity of bpa has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to bpa. in this study, we investigated the effects of bpa on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in carassius auratus. the effects of bpa were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones ... | 2007 | 17915735 |
| the morphology and systematic status of khawia rossittensis (szidat, 1937) and k. parva (zmeev, 1936) (cestoda: caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fishes. | the morphology of the two little-known fish cestodes of the genus khawia hsü, 1935, k. rossittensis (szidat, 1937) and k. parva (zmeev, 1936) from cyprinid fishes, were studied on the basis of newly collected specimens from goldfish carassius auratus auratus (l.) and museum specimens, respectively. this paper provides the first detailed species diagnosis for k. rossittensis from slovakia, which is compared with specimens from different geographical regions and k. parva, a somewhat similar far ea ... | 2007 | 17912618 |
| a noninvasive test of exposition to toxicants: quantitative analysis of cytochrome p4501a expression in fish scales. | elevated expression of cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) is an established biomarker for exposition to a wide range of toxicants, particularly for dioxin and structurally similar compounds. expression of cyp1a usually is analyzed in internal organs, which involves dissection of the specimen. to avoid unnecessary animal killing, we present here an alternative method based on the monitoring of cyp1a expression in fish scales. using beta-naphthoflavone (bnf; 50 mg/kg body wt, intraperitoneal injection) as ... | 2007 | 17867895 |
| growth factors of lower vertebrates: characterization of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1. | colony-stimulating factor-1 (csf-1) regulates mononuclear cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. the functions of csf-1 are well documented in mammals; however, little is known about csf-1 biology in lower vertebrates. this is the first report on the identification and functional characterization of a fish csf-1 molecule expressed highly in the spleen and in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated monocytes. goldfish csf-1 is a 199-amino acid protein that possesses the required cy ... | 2007 | 17827160 |
| perception of illusory surfaces and contours in goldfish. | goldfish (carassius auratus) were trained to discriminate triangles and squares using a two choice procedure. in the first experiment, three goldfish were trained with food reward on a black outline triangle on a white background, while a black outline square was shown for comparison. in transfer tests, a kanizsa triangle and a kanizsa square were presented, perceived by humans as an illusory triangle- or square-shaped surface of slightly higher brightness than the background. the choice behavio ... | 2007 | 17822573 |
| identification and characterisation of an androgen receptor from zebrafish danio rerio. | androgens play key roles in vertebrate sex differentiation, gonadal differentiation and sexual behaviour. the action of androgens is primarily mediated through androgen receptors (ars). the present study describes the isolation, sequencing and initial characterisation of an androgen receptor from zebrafish danio rerio. the predicted protein of 868 residues has an estimated calculated molecular weight of 96 kda. the amino acid sequence of the zebrafish ar (zfra) shows high homology with other ver ... | 2007 | 17698417 |
| a model of mptp-induced parkinson's disease in the goldfish. | parkinson's disease (pd) has been modeled in humans, lower primates, and to a lesser extent in some other vertebrates by the administration of the potent neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (mptp). the mptp model has thus drawn considerable attention during the past 15 years, as a system to search for anti-pd drugs. it has been previously reported that a parkinsonian syndrome can be elicited in the common goldfish (carassius auratus) by a single dose of mptp. this protocol de ... | 2007 | 18007638 |
| the formation of improved tetraploid population of red crucian carp x common carp hybrids by androgenesis. | bisexual fertile diploid androgenetic individuals (a(0)) (2n=100) were formed by androgenesis. in this way, the diploid spermatozoa from male allotetraploid hybrids (at) (4n=200) of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.) (female) x common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) (male) were used to fertilize the uv-treated haploid eggs of goldfish (carassius auratus), and living androgenetic diploid fish were developed. the a(0) became sexually mature at the age of 2 years, and they fertilized with each ... | 2007 | 17901933 |
| the life cycle of chloromyxum auratum (myxozoa) from goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), involves an antonactinomyxon actinospore. | the myxozoan parasite chloromyxum auratumhallett, atkinson, holt, banner & bartholomew, 2006, was shown experimentally to have a two-host life cycle which involved a previously undescribed antonactinomyxon actinospore stage. myxospores obtained from gall bladders of naturally infected feral goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), were used to infect samples of mixed species of oligochaete worms obtained from the same locality as the fish: fern ridge dam, oregon, usa. after some 110 days post-exposure, ... | 2007 | 17352790 |
| effects of partial ablation of the cerebellum on sustained swimming in goldfish. | to investigate the role of the corpus cerebelli in the control of sustained swimming or cruising in goldfish, carassius auratus, we conducted experiments examining the effects of partial ablation of the corpus cerebelli (cc) on swimming performance against constant water flow at various speeds. ten out of 15 cc-ablated fish successfully maintained sustained swimming against water flow even at the highest speed tested (3.0 body lengths per second). this result showed that the cc is not crucial fo ... | 2007 | 17519524 |
| direct evidence for interaction between lead ions and kidney dna from silver crucian carp. | a direct interaction of lead (pb) with kidney dna from silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) has been systematically studied in vitro using multi-techniques, including uv-vis absorption, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism spectral methods and gel electrophoresis. we find that pb is bound with four oxygen or nitrogen atoms of dna in its fresh shell at the distances of 2.64 a. additionally, pb may bind to the oxygen atom of nucleic acid or nit ... | 2007 | 17517428 |
| kármán vortex street detection by the lateral line. | fish use the lateral line system for prey detection, predator avoidance, schooling behavior, intraspecific communication and spatial orientation. in addition the lateral line may be important for station holding and for the detection of the hydrodynamic trails (vortex streets) generated by swimming fish. we investigated the responses of anterior lateral line nerve fibers of goldfish, carassius auratus, to unidirectional water flow (10 cm s(-1)) and to running water that contained a kármán vortex ... | 2007 | 17503054 |
| purification, characterization, and cdna cloning of a myofibril-bound serine proteinase from the skeletal muscle of crucian carp (carassius auratus). | a myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbsp) was highly purified from the skeletal muscle of crucian carp (carasius auratus) by acidic treatment of myofibril solution and chromatographies on q-sepharose and benzamidine-sepharose 6b. mbsp revealed a main protein band of approximately 28 kda on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and was particularly inhibited by serine proteinase inhibitors. substrate-specificity analysis revealed that the enzyme specifically cleaved at the carboxyl side ... | 2007 | 17253717 |
| interleukin-6 family cytokine m17 induces differentiation and nitric oxide response of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) macrophages. | cytokines belonging to the interleukin-6 (il-6) family function in many biological processes and display a high degree of redundancy within the family. although a number of mrna transcripts from teleost fish that resemble il-6 family cytokines have been identified none have been functionally characterized to confirm their identity. we report on the identification and functional characterization of goldfish m17, a molecule possessing sequence and mrna expression patterns similar to the mammalian ... | 2007 | 17250891 |
| evidence that olfactory sensitivities to calcium and sodium are mediated by different mechanisms in the goldfish carassius auratus. | the current study investigated whether the olfactory sensitivity to ca2+ and na+ is mediated by the same mechanism in the goldfish, a freshwater teleost. the olfactory responses, as assessed by recording the electro-encephalogram (eeg) from the olfactory bulb, to changes in external [ca2+] and to [na+] were recorded in the absence and presence of increasing concentrations of the other ion. low concentrations of na+ (0-1.0mm) had no significant effects on the olfactory response to changes in [ca2 ... | 2007 | 17196333 |
| the effect of epinephrine on feeding and motion patterns in goldfish carassius auratus (l.). | the effect of intraperitoneal injections of epinephrine (0.14 and 0.70 mg/kg) on some characteristics of feeding activity (ration and total time of feeding) as well as on motion patterns (time of swimming in group and separately) in juvenile goldfish has been investigated. two-phase (short-term decrease in the first phase, increase in the second one) feeding response under both doses of epinephrine has been revealed. more pronounced effect of epinephrine at the dose of 0.14 mg/kg on the ration a ... | 2007 | 17698382 |
| tolerance of benzalkonium chloride, formalin, malachite green, and potassium permanganate in goldfish and zebrafish. | to determine tolerance of goldfish and zebrafish to benzalkonium chloride, formalin, malachite green, and potassium permanganate. | 2007 | 17696862 |
| altered serum levels of sex steroids and biotransformation enzyme activities by long-term alachlor exposure in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 2007 | 17668140 | |
| diethyldithiocarbamate injection induces transient oxidative stress in goldfish tissues. | the effects of intraperitoneal injection of diethyldithiocarbamate (ddc) on free radical processes were examined in brain, liver and kidney of goldfish (carassius auratus). levels of oxidatively modified lipids and proteins as well as the activities of antioxidant and associated enzymes were measured. intraperitoneal injection of ddc at a concentration of 0.01 mg/g wet mass decreased sod activities by about 30-50% after 48 and 168 h compared to corresponding sham-injected values. this treatment ... | 2007 | 17662702 |
| [cloning and the sequence analysis of the fish glutathione transferase pi gene]. | using rt-pcr method, the glutathione transferase pi cdnas were cloned from cyprinus carpio, hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and carassius auratus. the open reading frames (orfs) from the 3 fishes were 627 bp long (encoding for 208 amino acids) with the initial code atg and the terminal code tga. the sequence similarity was 50% between fish and mammals, 33% between fish and amphibian, and 15% between fish and arthropoda, respectively. the sequence similarity was big among fishes, and the average val ... | 2007 | 17369158 |
| the identification of heat shock protein genes in goldfish (carassius auratus) and their expression in a complex environment in gaobeidian lake, beijing, china. | the enhanced expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) can be detected in response to high temperatures, as well as to many kinds of stressors, including pollutants. partial cdna sequences encoding hsp30, hsp70, hsp90 beta, and heat shock cognate (hsc) 70, and full-length cdna sequences encoding hsp27, hsp47 and hsp60 were cloned from goldfish (carassius auratus). the expression of these genes was investigated in goldfish inhabiting gaobeidian lake in beijing, china. the water of this lake is mod ... | 2007 | 17368997 |
| studies on resistance characteristic and cdna sequence conservation of transferrin from crucian carp, carassius auratus. | transferrin (tf) is a kind of non-heme beta-globulin with two iron ions (fe(3+))-binding sites. to prove tf's physiological functions, fe(3+)-proteins, serum iron contents, and total iron-binding capabilities were tested for tfs of crucian carps (carassius auratus) and sliver carps (hypophthalmichthys molitrix). the above results demonstrated that sliver carps shared 1/3 tf alleles with crucian carps; tf of crucian carps had stronger fe(3+)-binding ability and transportation ability in plasma th ... | 2007 | 17646932 |
| isolation of side population cells from ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) kidney hematopoietic tissues. | side population (sp) cells, characterized by a specific hoechst dye efflux pattern by flow cytometry were isolated from kidney hematopoietic tissues of ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii). the hematopoietic activity of sp cells was evaluated by the repopulation and multilineage potential using an in vivo transplant system of ginbuna carp (donor) and ginbuna-goldfish hybrids (recipient). in a flow cytometric (fcm) analysis, a small and distinct population of ginbuna sp cells displayed ef ... | 2007 | 17129605 |
| pcr survey of hox genes in the goldfish carassius auratus auratus. | a tetraploidization event took place in the cyprinid lineage leading to goldfishes about 15 million years ago. a pcr survey for hox genes in the goldfish carassius auratus auratus (actinopterygii: cyprinidae) was performed to assess the consequences of this genome duplication. not surprisingly, the genomic organization of the hox gene clusters of goldfish is similar to that of the closely related zebrafish (danio rerio). however, the goldfish exhibits a much larger number of recent pseudogenes, ... | 2007 | 17171698 |
| hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia. | alterations in hematological indices such as decreases in blood cell counts (rbc), hematocrit (ht) and hemoglobin (hb) concentrations are key symptoms of anemia. however, few experiments were conducted to examine changes in hematological indices of fish exposed to microcystins that are believed to be fatal to circulatory systems of vertebrates. an acute toxicological experiment was designed to study hematological changes of crucian carp injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with extracted microcysti ... | 2007 | 17400268 |
| establishment, characterization, and viral susceptibility of two cell lines derived from goldfish carassius auratus muscle and swim bladder. | goldfish carassius auratus are common aquarium fish and have a significant economic and research value, having considerable worth to fisheries as a baitfish and the ability to adapt to a range of habitats. two cell lines were established from goldfish muscle and swim bladder tissue, in order to create a biological monitoring tool for viral diseases. cell lines were optimally maintained at 30 degrees c in leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. propagation of goldfish cells ... | 2007 | 17972754 |
| bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fishes from taihu lake, china. | the cr, zn, cu, cd, pb contents were determined in cyprinus carpio linnaeus, carassius auratus linnaeus, hypophthalmichthys molitrix and aristichthys nobilis, which were caught from meiliang bay, taihu lake, a large, shallow and eutrophic lake of china. the results showed that: (1) the cr, cu, pb, cd contents in the edible parts of the four fish species were much lower than chinese food health criterion (1994), but the zn contents were higher than the criterion; (2) cd contents were the highest ... | 2007 | 18277656 |
| using semipermeable membrane devices, bioassays, and chemical analysis for evaluation of bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water. | meiliang bay is a sublake of taihu lake and has been polluted by domestic and industrial effluents. as part of a comprehensive risk assessment project in this region, semipermeable membrane devices (spmds) were applied to evaluate the levels and potential toxic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in lakewater, in combination with chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay using h4iie rat hepatoma cells. in addition, induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity, i ... | 2007 | 17657463 |
| nationwide study of dioxins in the freshwater fish carassius auratus (gibelio) langsdorfii (crucian carp) in japan: concentrations and estimation of source contribution ratios. | we investigated dioxin concentrations in freshwater fish in japan by standardizing species to detect subtle decreasing trends of dioxin concentrations in the future with the reinforcement of regulations. the fish studied were crucian carp (carassius auratus (gibelio) langsdorfii), an omnivorous species. fish and sediments were collected from 14 rivers and lakes located in remote areas, agricultural areas, and small and large cities throughout japan. the total toxic equivalent (teq) dioxin concen ... | 2007 | 17675214 |
| study of the spinal cords of the sturgeon acipenser schrenckii, gar lepisosteus oculatus, and goldfish carassius auratus by morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical approaches. | little is known about the spinal cords of phylogenetically ancient actinopterygeans. the spinal cords of the chondrostean acipenser schrenckii (amur sturgeon), holostean lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar), and teleost carassius auratus (goldfish) were, therefore, analyzed by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. morphology showed numerous similarities between sturgeons and gars. in both, a dorsal column between the two dorsal horns was lacking, giving ... | 2007 | 17868134 |
| the innate immune response to grass carp hemorrhagic virus (gchv) in cultured carassius auratus blastulae (cab) cells. | virus infection of mammalian cells activates an innate antiviral immune response characterized by production of interferon (ifn) and the subsequent transcriptional upregulation of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) by the jak-stat signaling pathway. here, we report that a fish cell line, crucian carp (carassius auratus l.) blastulae embryonic (cab) cells, can produce ifn activity and then form an antiviral state after infection with uv-inactivated grass carp hemorrhagic virus (gchv), a double-stranded ... | 2007 | 16887185 |
| bioaccumulation and ros generation in liver of carassius auratus, exposed to phenanthrene. | in the present study, the bioaccumulation and reactive oxygen species (ros) generation were studied after fish (carassius auratus) were exposed to different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.1 mg/l) of phenanthrene for 4 days. the accumulation of phenanthrene in liver increased with the exposure concentration (r(2)=0.88). a secondary spin trapping technique was used followed by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) analysis, to study the ros production. the ros generated in fish liver ... | 2007 | 17300992 |
| catadioptric stereo-vision system for the real-time monitoring of 3d behavior in aquatic animals. | fish species have been used as vertebrate model systems for numerous human diseases. however, a comprehensive monitoring system for continuously tracking the positions of aquatic animals is still lacking. manual or simple automatic methods usually lead to false or incomplete behavioral parameters. in this paper, a video-based 3d system is proposed for monitoring aquatic animals. this system is comprised of a novel catadioptric stereo-vision setup and methods for robust tracking of 3d motion-rela ... | 2007 | 17355885 |
| glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, 67, and gaba-transaminase mrna expression and total enzyme activity in the goldfish (carassius auratus) brain. | gad65 and gad67 are the two major isoforms of the enzyme that converts glutamate into gaba in a single step reaction. despite studies describing gad65 and gad67 mrna expression in the mammalian brain, both gad65 and gad67 mrna expression has not yet been fully described for a non-mammalian vertebrate model. similarly, the expression patterns of gaba-t mrna, the major enzyme involved in metabolizing gaba, have not been described for any vertebrate. in the present study, we utilized non-radioactiv ... | 2007 | 17362888 |
| cadmium affects the expression of metallothionein (mt) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) mrna in goldfish, carassius auratus. | cadmium (cd) is a widespread non-essential heavy metal that enters the aquatic environment as a result of natural and human-caused activities, including industrial effluent, mining, and agricultural runoff. in the present study, we investigated time and dose-related effect of cdcl(2) on metallothionein (mt) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) mrna levels in a number of goldfish tissues, in vivo. basal mt and gpx mrna levels remained unchanged in the tissues tested throughout the experiment. injecti ... | 2007 | 17369103 |
| [free radicals in carassius auratus liver: their generation and oxidative stress induced by 2,4,6-trichlorophenol]. | with electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) technique, this paper studied the free radicals generation and oxidative stress in carassius auratus liver after 4, 8, 12, 24 and 72 hours of 2, 4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp) intraperitoneal injection. the results showed that 2,4,6-tcp significantly promoted the generation of free radicals in c. auratus liver. the superoxide dismutase (sod) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activities were induced significantly, while catalase (cat) activity was inh ... | 2007 | 17396512 |
| effects of long-term alachlor exposure on hepatic antioxidant defense and detoxifying enzyme activities in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | alachlor has been widely used in agriculture all over the world. it is suggested that it may be a carcinogen and also an environmental estrogen. in this paper, the physiological and biochemical perturbations of crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed to alachlor at different concentrations over 60 days were investigated. the gonadosomatic index (gsi) and hepatosomatic index (hsi) were measured. the activity of hepatic antioxidant defense and detoxifying enzymes, superoxide dismutase (sod), cata ... | 2007 | 17433409 |
| construction of a recombinant plasmid containing multi-copy cpg motifs and its effects on the innate immune responses of aquatic animals. | bacterial dna and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg motifs) have been shown to induce potential immune responses. in this study, we designed a recombinant plasmid containing multi-copy cpg motifs, and observed its effects on innate immune responses of fish and prawn. the results showed that such plasmid dna, compared to the vacant vector, can highly induce the activation of head kidney macrophages and the proliferation of peripheral blood leuko ... | 2007 | 17475508 |
| bioaccumulation and ros generation in liver of freshwater fish, goldfish carassius auratus under hc orange no 1 exposure. | hc orange no. 1 (cas no. 54381-08-7, 2-nitro-4'-hydroxydiphenylamine) is used as a color additive in hair dyes. in this study, laboratory experiment was carried out to determine hc orange no. 1 bioaccumulation and oxidative stress in the liver of freshwater fish, goldfish carassius auratus. fish were exposed to different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l) of hc orange no. 1 for 10 days, with one group assigned as control. the accumulation of hc orange no. 1 in liver increased wit ... | 2007 | 17497642 |
| hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide and reactivation of phoxim-inhibited acetylcholinesterase by pralidoxime chloride, obidoxime chloride and trimedoxime. | the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide (atch) by pralidoxime chloride (2-pam cl), trimedoxime (tmb(4)) and obidoxime chlpride (luh(6)) was studied at ph 5.8-8.0 and incubation temperature from 5 to 40 degrees c in vitro. significant atch hydrolysis by 2-pam cl, tmb(4) and luh(6) was found, with the exceptions of those at ph 7.0, 6.2 and 5.8 at 5 degrees c and those at ph 6.2 and 5.8 at 15 degrees c. the hydrolysis by tmb(4) and luh(6) was significantly stronger than that by 2-pam cl. the hyd ... | 2007 | 17534602 |
| distribution and bioaccumulation of microcystins in water columns: a systematic investigation into the environmental fate and the risks associated with microcystins in meiliang bay, lake taihu. | for the purpose of understanding the environmental fate of microcystins (mcs) and the potential health risks caused by toxic cyanobacterial blooms in lake taihu, a systematic investigation was carried out from february 2005 to january 2006. the distribution of mcs in the water column, and toxin bioaccumulations in aquatic organisms were surveyed. the results suggested that lake taihu is heavily polluted during summer months by toxic cyanobacterial blooms (with a maximum biovolume of 6.7 x 10(8)c ... | 2007 | 17537477 |
| concentrations of pentachlorophenol (pcp) in fish and shrimp in jiangsu province, china. | pentachlorophenol (pcp) concentrations were determined in 55 samples of fish, shrimp, crabs, frogs and turtles collected in jiangsu province and 55 freshwater shrimp samples collected from the huiming fish market, nanjing, china between 2003 and 2004. pcp concentrations ranged from less than the method detection limit (mdl: 0.5 microg/kg ww) to 61 microg/kg ww, with a mean of 5.2 microg/kg ww in 55 samples collected across jiangsu province and a mean of 0.5 microg/kg ww for freshwater shrimp col ... | 2007 | 17537482 |
| pcb levels and accumulation patterns in waterbird eggs and in their prey at lake kerkini, a north-eastern mediterranean wetland of international importance. | seven "target" pcb levels were determined and compared in waterbird eggs, in their prey, and in water at lake kerkini, northern greece, to investigate pcb bioaccumulation patterns and to define the best bioindicator of target pcbs for this area. pcbs were analysed from eggs of phalacrocorax carbo, podiceps cristatus, ardea cinerea, egretta garzetta, and nycticorax nycticorax and from prey types alburnus alburnus, rutilus rutilus, lepomis gibbosus. carassius auratus, and rana sp. pcbs analysed we ... | 2007 | 17549546 |
| in situ studies on physiological and biochemical responses of four fishes with different trophic levels to toxic cyanobacterial blooms in a large chinese lake. | physiological and biochemical responses of four fishes with different trophic levels to toxic cyanobacterial blooms were studied in a large net cage in meiliang bay, a hypereutrophic region of lake taihu. we sampled four fishes: the phytoplanktivorous hypophthalmichthys molitrix and aristichthys nobilis, the omnivorous carassius auratus, and the carnivorous culter ilishaeformis. alterations of the antioxidant (gsh) and the major antioxidant enzymes (cat, sod, gpx, gst) in livers were monitored m ... | 2007 | 17572463 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes from contaminant and thermal exposed goldfish carassius auratus in gaobeidian lake in beijing, china. | gaobeidian lake, located in beijing, china, derives its water mainly from the effluent of the gaobeidian wastewater treatment plant, which is moderately polluted. additionally, as this water is used as a coolant in the nearby thermal power plant, the water of this lake has an elevated temperature. to screen differential gene expression in gaobeidian lake, suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) methodology was performed on rna in goldfish carassius auratus hepatic tissues from the lake, usin ... | 2007 | 17624611 |
| isolation of a cyprinid herpesvirus 2 from goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), in the uk. | haematopoietic necrosis virus [cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2)] was isolated during disease outbreaks in goldfish, carassius auratus, at an ornamental fish retail site in southern england in 2004. signs of disease included lethargy and inappetence and were first seen after water temperatures increased from 14-15 to 19-21 degrees c. external gross pathology included pale patches on the gills and skin and internally the spleen was enlarged, often with distinctive white nodules. the most prominent ... | 2007 | 17958608 |
| influence of intracellular ca(2+), mitochondria membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular atp on the mechanism of microcystin-lr induced apoptosis in carassius auratus lymphocytes in vitro. | microcystin-lr (mclr), the most toxic microcystin up to date, could induce apoptosis in many kinds of fish and mammalian cells. for the fish immunotoxicity, it was found that mclr could induce apoptosis in carassius auratus lymphocytes in vitro. so this study focused on the role of intracellular ca(2+), mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ros), and intracellular atp in response to the mechanisms of mclr-induced apoptosis in fish lymphocytes. mclr (10 nm) administration res ... | 2007 | 18000843 |
| cloning and expression analysis of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) prominin. | the integral membrane protein known as prominin was first identified on the apical surface of mouse neural epithelial cells as well as on the surface of human haematopoietic progenitor cells. this report describes a prominin-like sequence and expression analysis of the prominin in the goldfish. the predicted amino acid sequence for goldfish prominin shares all of the hallmark structural characteristics of the prominin family, however the relatedness assessed using the percent amino acid identity ... | 2007 | 17123832 |
| hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative stress in carassius auratus liver as affected by 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. | with carassius auratus, one of the main economic fish species in eastern china as test material, this paper studied the hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative stress in its liver under the effect of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp). different doses of 2,4,6-tcp were injected intraperitoneally into the fishes, and the electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra of hepatic free radicals, activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst), levels of r ... | 2007 | 17161446 |
| accumulation of microcystins in various organs of the freshwater snail sinotaia histrica and three fishes in a temperate lake, the eutrophic lake suwa, japan. | so far, there has been only one study to examine microcystin (mc) contents in various organs of snails in a subtropical chinese lake. in this study, tissue distribution and seasonal dynamics of mc-rr and -lr were investigated in various organs of a freshwater snail (sinotaia histrica) in a temperate eutrophic lake, lake suwa, japan. accumulation of microcystins in some fish was also investigated. there was marked temporal variation in the mc content of various organs of the snail. the digestive ... | 2007 | 17187838 |
| combined effects of herbicides on biomarkers reflecting immune-endocrine interactions in goldfish. immune and antioxidant effects. | goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to a mixture of herbicides, namely atrazine, simazine, diuron, and isoproturon (asdi) at a cumulative concentration of 50microg/l for 12 weeks. control fish and exposed fish were sampled at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of exposure to observe the combined impact of herbicides on non-specific and specific mechanisms of immunity and antioxidant defenses. the antioxidant defenses were evaluated in haemopoietic organs and liver. asdi-induced stress was reflected as a si ... | 2007 | 17194491 |
| evaluation of mutagenic activities of leachates in landfill sites by micronucleus test and comet assay using goldfish. | to develop a simple system for monitoring the presence of mutagens/carcinogens in the leachates from landfill sites, we used a micronucleus test and a single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay originally developed for mice and rats on goldfish (carassius auratus). the goldfish were exposed for 9 days to the leachate with chemical and biological treatment (treated leachate) or without treatment (raw leachate). the goldfish exposed to several samples died because of the high concentrations of ... | 2007 | 17196875 |
| study of goldfish (carassius auratus) growth hormone structure-function relationship by domain swapping. | using goldfish as a model, the structure-function relationship of goldfish growth hormone was studied using the strategy of homologous domain swapping. chimeric mutants were constructed by exchanging homologous regions between goldfish growth hormone (gfgh ii) and goldfish prolactin (gfprl) with their cloned complementary dnas. six mutants, with their domain-swapped, were generated to have different combinations of three target regions, including the helix a, helix d and the large section in bet ... | 2007 | 17215157 |
| toxicity of hc orange no. 1 to daphnia magna, zebrafish (brachydanio rerio) embryos, and goldfish (carassius auratus). | hc orange no. 1 (hco1; 2-nitro-4'-hydroxydiphenylamine) (cas no. 54381-08-7) is used as a color additive in hair dyes and can be released into aquatic environments in wastewater. in this paper, the effects of hco1 on aquatic organisms were studied using a battery of toxicological tests. these included measuring immobilization of daphnia magna, inhibition of zebrafish embryo development, and acute lethality in zebrafish and goldfish, which are different species belonging to different trophic leve ... | 2007 | 17084436 |
| clonal diversity and genealogical relationships of gibel carp in four hatcheries. | to conserve and utilize the genetic pool of gynogenetic gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio), the fangzheng and qihe stock hatcheries have been established in china. however, little information is available on the amount of genetic variation within and between these populations. in this study, clonal diversity in 101 fish from these two stock hatcheries and 35 fish from two other hatcheries in wuhan and pengze respectively was analysed for variation in serum transferrin. thirteen clones were f ... | 2008 | 18076744 |
| proteomic study of the effects of complex environmental stresses in the livers of goldfish (carassius auratus) that inhabit gaobeidian lake in beijing, china. | recent advances in proteomics have provided an excellent opportunity to understand biological adaptation under complex environmental stress at the protein level. gaobeidian lake, located in beijing, china, is characterized by complex environmental stresses by serving as both the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant and a coolant of a nearby thermal power plant. liver is the primary organ of energy metabolism and xenobiotic detoxification. to further our understanding of how organisms that li ... | 2008 | 18080750 |