Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| study of apiosoma piscicola (blanchard 1885) occurring on fry of freshwater fishes in hongze, china with consideration of the genus apiosoma. | apiosoma piscicola (blanchard 1885) was reported from fry of carassius auratus (var. pengze) and ctenopharyngodon idella during parasite surveys in may 2005 and june 2006 at hongze lake fish hatchery, jiangsu province, china. twelve morphometric parameters were used to describe this peritrich in detail in the present study and comparisons were made with other reports. its synonyms, glossatella cylindriformis (chen 1955) and apiosoma magna (banina 1968), were clarified based on reliable data. a. ... | 2008 | 18247054 |
| sorting food from stones: the vagal taste system in goldfish, carassius auratus. | the sense of taste, although a relatively undistinguished sensory modality in most mammals, is a highly developed sense in many fishes, e.g., catfish, gadids, and carps including goldfish. in these species, the amount of neural tissue devoted to this modality may approach 20% of the entire brain mass, reflecting an enormous number of taste buds scattered across the external surface of the animal as well as within the oral cavity. the primary sensory nuclei for taste form a longitudinal column of ... | 2008 | 18228077 |
| acute effects of microcystins on the transcription of antioxidant enzyme genes in crucian carp carassius auratus. | recent evidences suggested that oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of mcs toxicity. in the present study, the acute effects of microcystins on the transcription of antioxidant enzyme genes were investigated in liver of crucian carp i.p.-injected with 50 mug mc-lreq per kg body weight (bw). we reported the cdna sequences for four kinds of antioxidant enzyme (gsh-px, cat, cu/zn sod, and gr) genes, and evaluated the oxidant stress induced by mcs through analyzing the t ... | 2008 | 18214919 |
| assessment of water pollution in the tronto river (italy) by applying useful biomarkers in the fish model carassius auratus. | the tronto river (southern marche region of central italy) is located in an area with neighboring industrial activities and is contaminated with domestic and industrial wastewater. water quality data analyses revealed the presence of a mixture of low levels of heavy metals and organic compounds. the effects of long-term exposure to tronto river water on juvenile carassius auratus were evaluated with an integrated approach using xenoestrogens biomarkers, such as vitellogenin (vtg) and er beta-1 m ... | 2008 | 18214578 |
| the duplication of the hox gene clusters in teleost fishes. | higher teleost fishes, including zebrafish and fugu, have duplicated their hox genes relative to the gene inventory of other gnathostome lineages. the most widely accepted theory contends that the duplicate hox clusters orginated synchronously during a single genome duplication event in the early history of ray-finned fishes. in this contribution we collect and re-evaluate all publicly available sequence information. in particular, we show that the short hox gene fragments from published pcr sur ... | 2004 | 18202881 |
| on spawning conditions and larvicidal propensities of carassius auratus. | 1949 | 18135921 | |
| the effect of dietary fat on the heat tolerance of goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1949 | 18119888 | |
| detection of koi herpes virus (cyhv-3) in goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), exposed to infected koi. | 2008 | 18086036 | |
| proteomic study of the effects of complex environmental stresses in the livers of goldfish (carassius auratus) that inhabit gaobeidian lake in beijing, china. | recent advances in proteomics have provided an excellent opportunity to understand biological adaptation under complex environmental stress at the protein level. gaobeidian lake, located in beijing, china, is characterized by complex environmental stresses by serving as both the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant and a coolant of a nearby thermal power plant. liver is the primary organ of energy metabolism and xenobiotic detoxification. to further our understanding of how organisms that li ... | 2008 | 18080750 |
| clonal diversity and genealogical relationships of gibel carp in four hatcheries. | to conserve and utilize the genetic pool of gynogenetic gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio), the fangzheng and qihe stock hatcheries have been established in china. however, little information is available on the amount of genetic variation within and between these populations. in this study, clonal diversity in 101 fish from these two stock hatcheries and 35 fish from two other hatcheries in wuhan and pengze respectively was analysed for variation in serum transferrin. thirteen clones were f ... | 2008 | 18076744 |
| calcium-fluxing glutamate receptors associated with primary gustatory afferent terminals in goldfish (carassius auratus). | presynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors modulate transmission at primary afferent synapses in several glutamatergic systems. to test whether primary gustatory afferent fibers express ca(2+)-permeable ampa/kainate receptors, we utilized kainate-stimulated uptake of co(2+) along with immunocytochemistry for the ca(2+)-binding proteins (cabps) calbindin and calretinin to investigate the primary gustatory afferents in goldfish (carassius auratus). in goldfish, the primary gustatory nucleus (equiv ... | 2008 | 18067143 |
| vertebrate osmoregulation: a student laboratory exercise using teleost fish. | here, we describe a laboratory experiment as part of an upper-level vertebrate physiology course for biology majors to investigate the physiological response of vertebrates to osmoregulatory challenges. the experiment involves measuring plasma osmolality and na+-k+-atpase activity in gill tissue of teleost fish acclimated to water of differing salinity. we describe results obtained using the widely available goldfish (carassius auratus) and a common baitfish, the gulf killifish (fundulus grandis ... | 2007 | 18057409 |
| molecular and functional characterization of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) transforming growth factor beta. | transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta) is a pleiotropic cytokine with important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, activation and de-activation. it is one of the first cytokines released during an immune response and plays a strong immunomodulatory role in the activation and subsequent de-activation of macrophages and other immune cells. tgf-beta is a highly conserved molecule, and members of the tgf superfamily can be found in organisms as e ... | 2008 | 18036659 |
| a model of mptp-induced parkinson's disease in the goldfish. | parkinson's disease (pd) has been modeled in humans, lower primates, and to a lesser extent in some other vertebrates by the administration of the potent neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (mptp). the mptp model has thus drawn considerable attention during the past 15 years, as a system to search for anti-pd drugs. it has been previously reported that a parkinsonian syndrome can be elicited in the common goldfish (carassius auratus) by a single dose of mptp. this protocol de ... | 2007 | 18007638 |
| ectopic six3 expression in the dragon eye goldfish. | for goldfish (carassius auratus), there are many varieties with different eye phenotypes due to artificial selection and adaptive evolution. dragon eye is a variant eye characterized by a large-size eyeball protruding out of the socket similar to the eye of dragon in chinese legends. in this study, anatomical structure of the goldfish dragon eye was compared with that of the common eye, and a stretching of the retina was observed in the enlarged dragon eye. moreover, the homeobox-containing tran ... | 2008 | 18006349 |
| administration of recombinant parasite beta-tubulin to goldfish (carassius auratus l.) confers partial protection against challenge infection with trypanosoma danilewskyi laveran and mesnil, 1904. | the infection of carp and other cyprinid fish with trypanosoma danilewskyi was reported to cause significant morbidity and mortality in aquaculture. tubulin is a component of parasite excretory/secretory (es) products recognized by antibodies present in the serum of recovered hosts. to assess the role of parasite tubulin in the induction of a protective immune response in the goldfish, recombinant t. danilewskyi beta-tubulin was produced in escherichia coli and used to immunize goldfish against ... | 2008 | 18006235 |
| influence of intracellular ca(2+), mitochondria membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular atp on the mechanism of microcystin-lr induced apoptosis in carassius auratus lymphocytes in vitro. | microcystin-lr (mclr), the most toxic microcystin up to date, could induce apoptosis in many kinds of fish and mammalian cells. for the fish immunotoxicity, it was found that mclr could induce apoptosis in carassius auratus lymphocytes in vitro. so this study focused on the role of intracellular ca(2+), mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ros), and intracellular atp in response to the mechanisms of mclr-induced apoptosis in fish lymphocytes. mclr (10 nm) administration res ... | 2007 | 18000843 |
| characterization and functional analysis of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) tumor necrosis factor-alpha. | we identified and characterized two isoforms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfalpha) from the goldfish, tnfalpha-1 and tnfalpha-2. at the protein level, goldfish tnfalpha-1 and tnfalpha-2 were most homologous to carp tnfalpha-1 and tnfalpha-2, respectively. phylogenetically, the two goldfish isoforms grouped most closely with the carp tnfalpha isoforms and tnf species of other cyprinids. real-time pcr analysis revealed constitutive expression of goldfish tnfalpha-1 and tnfalpha-2 in all tissue ... | 2008 | 17988738 |
| establishment, characterization, and viral susceptibility of two cell lines derived from goldfish carassius auratus muscle and swim bladder. | goldfish carassius auratus are common aquarium fish and have a significant economic and research value, having considerable worth to fisheries as a baitfish and the ability to adapt to a range of habitats. two cell lines were established from goldfish muscle and swim bladder tissue, in order to create a biological monitoring tool for viral diseases. cell lines were optimally maintained at 30 degrees c in leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. propagation of goldfish cells ... | 2007 | 17972754 |
| isolation of a cyprinid herpesvirus 2 from goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), in the uk. | haematopoietic necrosis virus [cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2)] was isolated during disease outbreaks in goldfish, carassius auratus, at an ornamental fish retail site in southern england in 2004. signs of disease included lethargy and inappetence and were first seen after water temperatures increased from 14-15 to 19-21 degrees c. external gross pathology included pale patches on the gills and skin and internally the spleen was enlarged, often with distinctive white nodules. the most prominent ... | 2007 | 17958608 |
| developmental expression of cagmdkb during gibel carp embryogenesis. | midkine (mdk) genes have been revealed to have different expression patterns in vertebrates and therefore, additional studies on mdk expression patterns are required in more species. in this study, cagmdkb has been cloned and characterized from a smart cdna library of 10-somite stage embryos of carassius auratus gibelio. its full length cdna is 1091 bp and encodes a sequence of 147 amino acids, which shows 97.3% identity to zebrafish mdkb on the amino acid level. rt-pcr analysis reveals that cag ... | 2007 | 17939124 |
| a mechanism of polarized light sensitivity in cone photoreceptors of the goldfish carassius auratus. | an integrated laser tweezer and microphotometry device has been used to characterize in detail how individual, axially orientated goldfish photoreceptors absorb linearly polarized light. this work demonstrates that the mid-wavelength sensitive members of double cone photoreceptors display axial differential polarization sensitivity. the polarization contrast was measured to be 9.2 +/- 0.4%. by comparison, rod photoreceptors only exhibit isotropic absorbance. these data, combined with the square ... | 2007 | 17938422 |
| otolith endorgan input to the mauthner neuron in the goldfish. | the mauthner (m-) cell of the goldfish, carassius auratus, triggers the rapid escape response of the fish in response to various stimuli, including visual and auditory. the large size and accessibility of the m-cell make it an ideal model system for the study of synaptic transmission, membrane properties, and sensory-motor gating. although physiological recordings have suggested that afferents from all three of the inner ear endorgans (the saccule, lagena, and utricle) synapse directly on the ip ... | 2007 | 17924544 |
| immunotoxicity of bisphenol a to carassius auratus lymphocytes and macrophages following in vitro exposure. | bisphenol a (bpa) is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (edc). the reproductive toxicity of bpa has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to bpa. in this study, we investigated the effects of bpa on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in carassius auratus. the effects of bpa were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones ... | 2007 | 17915735 |
| the morphology and systematic status of khawia rossittensis (szidat, 1937) and k. parva (zmeev, 1936) (cestoda: caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fishes. | the morphology of the two little-known fish cestodes of the genus khawia hsü, 1935, k. rossittensis (szidat, 1937) and k. parva (zmeev, 1936) from cyprinid fishes, were studied on the basis of newly collected specimens from goldfish carassius auratus auratus (l.) and museum specimens, respectively. this paper provides the first detailed species diagnosis for k. rossittensis from slovakia, which is compared with specimens from different geographical regions and k. parva, a somewhat similar far ea ... | 2007 | 17912618 |
| down-regulation of goldfish (carassius auratus) prolactin gene expression by dopamine and thyrotropin releasing hormone. | prolactin (prl) is the most versatile hormone identified with multiple functions from osmoregulation in euryhaline fish to lactation in mammals. however, little is known about the basic physiological control of prl in stenohaline freshwater fish. in this study, goldfish is used as a model for the study of prl gene expression in stenohaline fish. we report herein the identification of the goldfish prl (gfprl) genomic sequence which possesses five exons with its 5'-flanking gene promoter region ch ... | 2008 | 17904137 |
| the formation of improved tetraploid population of red crucian carp x common carp hybrids by androgenesis. | bisexual fertile diploid androgenetic individuals (a(0)) (2n=100) were formed by androgenesis. in this way, the diploid spermatozoa from male allotetraploid hybrids (at) (4n=200) of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.) (female) x common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) (male) were used to fertilize the uv-treated haploid eggs of goldfish (carassius auratus), and living androgenetic diploid fish were developed. the a(0) became sexually mature at the age of 2 years, and they fertilized with each ... | 2007 | 17901933 |
| xenogenesis in teleost fish through generation of germ-line chimeras by single primordial germ cell transplantation. | primordial germ cells (pgcs) are the only cells in developing embryos with the potential to transmit genetic information to the next generation. pgcs therefore have the potential to be of value for gene banking and cryopreservation, particularly via the production of donor gametes with germ-line chimeras. currently, it is not clear how many pgcs are required for germ-line differentiation and formation of gonadal structures. in the present study, we achieved complete germ-line replacement between ... | 2008 | 17901077 |
| in vivo genotoxicity of mercury chloride and lead acetate: micronucleus test on acridine orange stained fish cells. | the genotoxic effects of mercury chloride and lead acetate were evaluated in vivo using the micronucleus (mn) assay on acridine-orange (ao) stained peripheral blood erythrocytes, gill and fin epithelial cells of carassius auratus auratus. fish were exposed to three different concentrations of mercury chloride (mc) (1 microg/, 5 microg/l and 10 microg/l) and lead acetate (la) (10 microg/l, 50 microg/l and 100 microg/l) for 2, 4 and 6 days. a single dose of 5 mg/l cyclophosphamide was used as a po ... | 2008 | 17889980 |
| study of the spinal cords of the sturgeon acipenser schrenckii, gar lepisosteus oculatus, and goldfish carassius auratus by morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical approaches. | little is known about the spinal cords of phylogenetically ancient actinopterygeans. the spinal cords of the chondrostean acipenser schrenckii (amur sturgeon), holostean lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar), and teleost carassius auratus (goldfish) were, therefore, analyzed by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. morphology showed numerous similarities between sturgeons and gars. in both, a dorsal column between the two dorsal horns was lacking, giving ... | 2007 | 17868134 |
| a noninvasive test of exposition to toxicants: quantitative analysis of cytochrome p4501a expression in fish scales. | elevated expression of cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) is an established biomarker for exposition to a wide range of toxicants, particularly for dioxin and structurally similar compounds. expression of cyp1a usually is analyzed in internal organs, which involves dissection of the specimen. to avoid unnecessary animal killing, we present here an alternative method based on the monitoring of cyp1a expression in fish scales. using beta-naphthoflavone (bnf; 50 mg/kg body wt, intraperitoneal injection) as ... | 2007 | 17867895 |
| growth factors of lower vertebrates: characterization of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1. | colony-stimulating factor-1 (csf-1) regulates mononuclear cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. the functions of csf-1 are well documented in mammals; however, little is known about csf-1 biology in lower vertebrates. this is the first report on the identification and functional characterization of a fish csf-1 molecule expressed highly in the spleen and in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated monocytes. goldfish csf-1 is a 199-amino acid protein that possesses the required cy ... | 2007 | 17827160 |
| perception of illusory surfaces and contours in goldfish. | goldfish (carassius auratus) were trained to discriminate triangles and squares using a two choice procedure. in the first experiment, three goldfish were trained with food reward on a black outline triangle on a white background, while a black outline square was shown for comparison. in transfer tests, a kanizsa triangle and a kanizsa square were presented, perceived by humans as an illusory triangle- or square-shaped surface of slightly higher brightness than the background. the choice behavio ... | 2007 | 17822573 |
| the effect of the environmental temperature on the fatty acid composition and on thein vivo incorporation of 1-(14)c-acetate in goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | two-year-old goldfish were adapted to 10c and 35c environmental temperatures during a three-week period, and the fatty acids from triglycerides and certain phospholipids were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. over-all unsaturation of the major fatty acids increased with lower temperature in all lipids which were examined although fish maintained at 10c actually had less polyenoic acid in their tissues than did those maintained at 35c.fish acclimated to 10c and 30c were injected with 1-(14)c ... | 1968 | 17805899 |
| oxygen-motivated behavior in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | goldfish placed in deoxygenated water learned to interrupt a light beam in order to obtain brief exposure to aerated water. the training procedure brought this behavior under the control of arbitrary visual stimuli. | 1962 | 17770951 |
| gonadectomy in the goldfish carassius auratus. | 1931 | 17756029 | |
| identification and characterisation of an androgen receptor from zebrafish danio rerio. | androgens play key roles in vertebrate sex differentiation, gonadal differentiation and sexual behaviour. the action of androgens is primarily mediated through androgen receptors (ars). the present study describes the isolation, sequencing and initial characterisation of an androgen receptor from zebrafish danio rerio. the predicted protein of 868 residues has an estimated calculated molecular weight of 96 kda. the amino acid sequence of the zebrafish ar (zfra) shows high homology with other ver ... | 2007 | 17698417 |
| the effect of epinephrine on feeding and motion patterns in goldfish carassius auratus (l.). | the effect of intraperitoneal injections of epinephrine (0.14 and 0.70 mg/kg) on some characteristics of feeding activity (ration and total time of feeding) as well as on motion patterns (time of swimming in group and separately) in juvenile goldfish has been investigated. two-phase (short-term decrease in the first phase, increase in the second one) feeding response under both doses of epinephrine has been revealed. more pronounced effect of epinephrine at the dose of 0.14 mg/kg on the ration a ... | 2007 | 17698382 |
| tolerance of benzalkonium chloride, formalin, malachite green, and potassium permanganate in goldfish and zebrafish. | to determine tolerance of goldfish and zebrafish to benzalkonium chloride, formalin, malachite green, and potassium permanganate. | 2007 | 17696862 |
| heavy metal distribution in tissues of six fish species included in human diet, inhabiting freshwaters of the nature park "hutovo blato" (bosnia and herzegovina). | the aim of the study was to quantify heavy metal (mercury, lead, cadmium, and arsenic) concentration in tissues (muscles, liver, kidney, gills, and gonads) of six fish species (carp: cyprinus carpio, tench: tinca tinca, pumpkinseed: lepomis gibosus, prussian carp: carassius auratus gibelio, hasselquist: salmo dentex, eel: anguilla anguilla) from the freshwaters of the nature park hutovo blato, bosnia and herzegovina, and determine whether they are potentially harmful for human health if included ... | 2008 | 17687582 |
| nationwide study of dioxins in the freshwater fish carassius auratus (gibelio) langsdorfii (crucian carp) in japan: concentrations and estimation of source contribution ratios. | we investigated dioxin concentrations in freshwater fish in japan by standardizing species to detect subtle decreasing trends of dioxin concentrations in the future with the reinforcement of regulations. the fish studied were crucian carp (carassius auratus (gibelio) langsdorfii), an omnivorous species. fish and sediments were collected from 14 rivers and lakes located in remote areas, agricultural areas, and small and large cities throughout japan. the total toxic equivalent (teq) dioxin concen ... | 2007 | 17675214 |
| altered serum levels of sex steroids and biotransformation enzyme activities by long-term alachlor exposure in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 2007 | 17668140 | |
| diethyldithiocarbamate injection induces transient oxidative stress in goldfish tissues. | the effects of intraperitoneal injection of diethyldithiocarbamate (ddc) on free radical processes were examined in brain, liver and kidney of goldfish (carassius auratus). levels of oxidatively modified lipids and proteins as well as the activities of antioxidant and associated enzymes were measured. intraperitoneal injection of ddc at a concentration of 0.01 mg/g wet mass decreased sod activities by about 30-50% after 48 and 168 h compared to corresponding sham-injected values. this treatment ... | 2007 | 17662702 |
| using semipermeable membrane devices, bioassays, and chemical analysis for evaluation of bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water. | meiliang bay is a sublake of taihu lake and has been polluted by domestic and industrial effluents. as part of a comprehensive risk assessment project in this region, semipermeable membrane devices (spmds) were applied to evaluate the levels and potential toxic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in lakewater, in combination with chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay using h4iie rat hepatoma cells. in addition, induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity, i ... | 2007 | 17657463 |
| studies on resistance characteristic and cdna sequence conservation of transferrin from crucian carp, carassius auratus. | transferrin (tf) is a kind of non-heme beta-globulin with two iron ions (fe(3+))-binding sites. to prove tf's physiological functions, fe(3+)-proteins, serum iron contents, and total iron-binding capabilities were tested for tfs of crucian carps (carassius auratus) and sliver carps (hypophthalmichthys molitrix). the above results demonstrated that sliver carps shared 1/3 tf alleles with crucian carps; tf of crucian carps had stronger fe(3+)-binding ability and transportation ability in plasma th ... | 2007 | 17646932 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes from contaminant and thermal exposed goldfish carassius auratus in gaobeidian lake in beijing, china. | gaobeidian lake, located in beijing, china, derives its water mainly from the effluent of the gaobeidian wastewater treatment plant, which is moderately polluted. additionally, as this water is used as a coolant in the nearby thermal power plant, the water of this lake has an elevated temperature. to screen differential gene expression in gaobeidian lake, suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) methodology was performed on rna in goldfish carassius auratus hepatic tissues from the lake, usin ... | 2007 | 17624611 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of t-bet in ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii). | in the adaptive immune system of mammals, naive helper t (th) cells differentiate into th1 or th2 cells. the t-box expressed in t cells (t-bet) is a member of a family of t-box transcription factors that regulates the expression of ifn-gamma and plays a crucial role in th1 cell differentiation and cell-mediated immunity. we cloned and sequenced t-bet cdna for the first time from non-mammalian species, ginbuna crucian carp. ginbuna t-bet was composed of 608 predicted amino acids and showed 41.5% ... | 2008 | 17624433 |
| distribution of nadph-diaphorase and nitric oxide synthase reactivity in the central nervous system of the goldfish (carassius auratus). | the nitrergic system has been inferred from cells positive to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (nadphd) histochemistry and/or to the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nnos) immunohistochemistry in different species of vertebrates. the aim of the present work was to systematically study the distribution of cell producing nitric oxide in the goldfish (carassius auratus) brain. to reach this goal, we firstly studied co-localization for nadphd and nnos techniques and d ... | 2008 | 17616449 |
| molecular characterization and subcellular localization of carassius auratus interferon regulatory factor-1. | interferon (ifn)-regulatory transcription factor-1 (irf-1) has been studied in mammals and fish, but little is known about the relationship between its gene structure and nuclear localization of irf-1 protein. in this study, a cdna encoding carassius auratus irf-1 (cairf-1) was isolated from an interferon-producing cell line, c. auratus blastulae embryonic (cab) cells, exposed to uv-inactivated grass carp hemorrhagic virus (gchv). the cairf-1 genomic locus exhibits exon-intron arrangements simil ... | 2008 | 17604835 |
| visual behavior of adult goldfish with regenerating retina. | to determine whether regenerating neural pathways can support visual behavior, adult goldfish (carassius auratus) were injected intraocularly with ouabain and tested for the presence of reflexive visual behaviors (dorsal light reflex and optokinetic nystagmus) and the ability to respond to visual stimuli in a classical conditioning paradigm. all visual behaviors were absent or greatly diminished until 8 to 10 weeks, when retinal layering had returned. at 10 weeks post-ouabain, reflexive behavior ... | 2016 | 17592671 |
| in situ studies on physiological and biochemical responses of four fishes with different trophic levels to toxic cyanobacterial blooms in a large chinese lake. | physiological and biochemical responses of four fishes with different trophic levels to toxic cyanobacterial blooms were studied in a large net cage in meiliang bay, a hypereutrophic region of lake taihu. we sampled four fishes: the phytoplanktivorous hypophthalmichthys molitrix and aristichthys nobilis, the omnivorous carassius auratus, and the carnivorous culter ilishaeformis. alterations of the antioxidant (gsh) and the major antioxidant enzymes (cat, sod, gpx, gst) in livers were monitored m ... | 2007 | 17572463 |
| carassius auratus-originated recombinant histone h1 c-terminal peptide as gene delivery material. | the effective delivery of exogenous genes into eukaryotic cells is important for fundamental and biotechnological research. protein-based gene delivery including histone proteins has recently emerged as a powerful technique for non-viral dna transfer. histones are dna-binding proteins that function in dna packaging and protection. in particular, histone h1 is largely responsible for the stabilization of higher-order chromatin structures. several studies have examined the use of full-length histo ... | 2008 | 17571853 |
| electrophysiological properties of pituitary cells in primary culture from atlantic cod (gadus morhua). | the aim of the present study was to explore the electrophysiological properties of pituitary cells from atlantic cod (gadus morhua), as a basis for future studies of the signaling pathways involved in the control of pituitary secretion in this species. primary cultures of pituitary cells from maturing atlantic cod were prepared by trypsin treatment and mechanical dispersion. electrophysiological recordings were performed using the perforated patch clamp method. a subpopulation of large cells wer ... | 2007 | 17565196 |
| pcb levels and accumulation patterns in waterbird eggs and in their prey at lake kerkini, a north-eastern mediterranean wetland of international importance. | seven "target" pcb levels were determined and compared in waterbird eggs, in their prey, and in water at lake kerkini, northern greece, to investigate pcb bioaccumulation patterns and to define the best bioindicator of target pcbs for this area. pcbs were analysed from eggs of phalacrocorax carbo, podiceps cristatus, ardea cinerea, egretta garzetta, and nycticorax nycticorax and from prey types alburnus alburnus, rutilus rutilus, lepomis gibbosus. carassius auratus, and rana sp. pcbs analysed we ... | 2007 | 17549546 |
| chronological observations of intestinal histopathology in rats (rattus norvegicus) infected with centrocestus caninus. | intestinal pathological enzyme activity changes were studied chronologically in rats after centrocestus caninus infection. a single inoculation of 300 metacercariae isolated from the gills of goldfish (carassius auratus), was orally administered to male rats (n = 15). uninfected animals were used as controls (n = 5). at days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-infection (pi), three infected rats, and one from each control group, were sacrificed. the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were removed separately and ... | 2006 | 17547056 |
| concentrations of pentachlorophenol (pcp) in fish and shrimp in jiangsu province, china. | pentachlorophenol (pcp) concentrations were determined in 55 samples of fish, shrimp, crabs, frogs and turtles collected in jiangsu province and 55 freshwater shrimp samples collected from the huiming fish market, nanjing, china between 2003 and 2004. pcp concentrations ranged from less than the method detection limit (mdl: 0.5 microg/kg ww) to 61 microg/kg ww, with a mean of 5.2 microg/kg ww in 55 samples collected across jiangsu province and a mean of 0.5 microg/kg ww for freshwater shrimp col ... | 2007 | 17537482 |
| distribution and bioaccumulation of microcystins in water columns: a systematic investigation into the environmental fate and the risks associated with microcystins in meiliang bay, lake taihu. | for the purpose of understanding the environmental fate of microcystins (mcs) and the potential health risks caused by toxic cyanobacterial blooms in lake taihu, a systematic investigation was carried out from february 2005 to january 2006. the distribution of mcs in the water column, and toxin bioaccumulations in aquatic organisms were surveyed. the results suggested that lake taihu is heavily polluted during summer months by toxic cyanobacterial blooms (with a maximum biovolume of 6.7 x 10(8)c ... | 2007 | 17537477 |
| hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide and reactivation of phoxim-inhibited acetylcholinesterase by pralidoxime chloride, obidoxime chloride and trimedoxime. | the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide (atch) by pralidoxime chloride (2-pam cl), trimedoxime (tmb(4)) and obidoxime chlpride (luh(6)) was studied at ph 5.8-8.0 and incubation temperature from 5 to 40 degrees c in vitro. significant atch hydrolysis by 2-pam cl, tmb(4) and luh(6) was found, with the exceptions of those at ph 7.0, 6.2 and 5.8 at 5 degrees c and those at ph 6.2 and 5.8 at 15 degrees c. the hydrolysis by tmb(4) and luh(6) was significantly stronger than that by 2-pam cl. the hyd ... | 2007 | 17534602 |
| effects of partial ablation of the cerebellum on sustained swimming in goldfish. | to investigate the role of the corpus cerebelli in the control of sustained swimming or cruising in goldfish, carassius auratus, we conducted experiments examining the effects of partial ablation of the corpus cerebelli (cc) on swimming performance against constant water flow at various speeds. ten out of 15 cc-ablated fish successfully maintained sustained swimming against water flow even at the highest speed tested (3.0 body lengths per second). this result showed that the cc is not crucial fo ... | 2007 | 17519524 |
| direct evidence for interaction between lead ions and kidney dna from silver crucian carp. | a direct interaction of lead (pb) with kidney dna from silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) has been systematically studied in vitro using multi-techniques, including uv-vis absorption, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism spectral methods and gel electrophoresis. we find that pb is bound with four oxygen or nitrogen atoms of dna in its fresh shell at the distances of 2.64 a. additionally, pb may bind to the oxygen atom of nucleic acid or nit ... | 2007 | 17517428 |
| kármán vortex street detection by the lateral line. | fish use the lateral line system for prey detection, predator avoidance, schooling behavior, intraspecific communication and spatial orientation. in addition the lateral line may be important for station holding and for the detection of the hydrodynamic trails (vortex streets) generated by swimming fish. we investigated the responses of anterior lateral line nerve fibers of goldfish, carassius auratus, to unidirectional water flow (10 cm s(-1)) and to running water that contained a kármán vortex ... | 2007 | 17503054 |
| bioaccumulation and ros generation in liver of freshwater fish, goldfish carassius auratus under hc orange no 1 exposure. | hc orange no. 1 (cas no. 54381-08-7, 2-nitro-4'-hydroxydiphenylamine) is used as a color additive in hair dyes. in this study, laboratory experiment was carried out to determine hc orange no. 1 bioaccumulation and oxidative stress in the liver of freshwater fish, goldfish carassius auratus. fish were exposed to different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l) of hc orange no. 1 for 10 days, with one group assigned as control. the accumulation of hc orange no. 1 in liver increased wit ... | 2007 | 17497642 |
| construction of a recombinant plasmid containing multi-copy cpg motifs and its effects on the innate immune responses of aquatic animals. | bacterial dna and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg motifs) have been shown to induce potential immune responses. in this study, we designed a recombinant plasmid containing multi-copy cpg motifs, and observed its effects on innate immune responses of fish and prawn. the results showed that such plasmid dna, compared to the vacant vector, can highly induce the activation of head kidney macrophages and the proliferation of peripheral blood leuko ... | 2007 | 17475508 |
| the use of anesthesia during evoked potential audiometry in goldfish (carassius auratus). | auditory-evoked potentials (aeps) have become a widely utilized measure of hearing sensitivity. most investigators use pharmacological paralysis to reduce myogenic noise and immobilize the animal for stable electrical recordings, but additional anesthesia is generally not used because the most commonly available fish anesthetic, the cholinergic antagonist tricaine methanosulfate (ms222), is known to disrupt hair cell and primary afferent physiology. anesthetic agents that do not interfere with a ... | 2007 | 17448451 |
| effects of long-term alachlor exposure on hepatic antioxidant defense and detoxifying enzyme activities in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | alachlor has been widely used in agriculture all over the world. it is suggested that it may be a carcinogen and also an environmental estrogen. in this paper, the physiological and biochemical perturbations of crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed to alachlor at different concentrations over 60 days were investigated. the gonadosomatic index (gsi) and hepatosomatic index (hsi) were measured. the activity of hepatic antioxidant defense and detoxifying enzymes, superoxide dismutase (sod), cata ... | 2007 | 17433409 |
| lipid dynamics in goldfish (carassius auratus) during a period of gonadal recrudescence: effects of beta-sitosterol and 17beta-estradiol exposure. | the potential for contaminants to alter lipid or cholesterol dynamics in fish is rarely investigated and may include critical physiological endpoints that are impacted by exposure to endocrine-active substances. the current study investigated plasma and tissue lipid dynamics over a period of recrudescence in goldfish, while also examining the potential for beta-sitosterol (beta-sit), a phytosterol and 17beta-estradiol (e(2)), an endogenous estrogen, to alter lipid homeostasis. goldfish were expo ... | 2007 | 17428736 |
| detection of cytogenetic and dna damage in peripheral erythrocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to a glyphosate formulation using the micronucleus test and the comet assay. | glyphosate is a widely used broad-spectrum weed control agent. in the present study, an in vivo study on the genotoxic effects of a technical herbicide (roundup) containing isopropylamine salt of glyphosate was carried out on freshwater goldfish carassius auratus. the fish were exposed to three doses of glyphosate formulation (5, 10 and 15 ppm). cyclophosphamide at a single dose of 5 mg/l was used as positive control. analysis of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities and dna damage were performed o ... | 2007 | 17426049 |
| the effects of gaba agonists on glutamic acid decarboxylase, gaba-transaminase, activin, salmon gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase mrna in the goldfish (carassius auratus) neuroendocrine brain. | gaba plays a pivotal role in reproduction by regulating luteinising hormone (lh) release from the anterior pituitary. current evidence indicates that there is a prominent stimulatory effect of gaba on lh release in teleost fish which results from enhanced gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) release and decreased dopamine turnover in the brain and pituitary. we hypothesised that there may be additional mechanisms underlying lh release in goldfish and investigated the relative mrna levels of ga ... | 2007 | 17425614 |
| hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia. | alterations in hematological indices such as decreases in blood cell counts (rbc), hematocrit (ht) and hemoglobin (hb) concentrations are key symptoms of anemia. however, few experiments were conducted to examine changes in hematological indices of fish exposed to microcystins that are believed to be fatal to circulatory systems of vertebrates. an acute toxicological experiment was designed to study hematological changes of crucian carp injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with extracted microcysti ... | 2007 | 17400268 |
| [free radicals in carassius auratus liver: their generation and oxidative stress induced by 2,4,6-trichlorophenol]. | with electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) technique, this paper studied the free radicals generation and oxidative stress in carassius auratus liver after 4, 8, 12, 24 and 72 hours of 2, 4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp) intraperitoneal injection. the results showed that 2,4,6-tcp significantly promoted the generation of free radicals in c. auratus liver. the superoxide dismutase (sod) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activities were induced significantly, while catalase (cat) activity was inh ... | 2007 | 17396512 |
| calretinin and s-100 expression in goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), schwannoma. | 2007 | 17394528 | |
| [cloning and the sequence analysis of the fish glutathione transferase pi gene]. | using rt-pcr method, the glutathione transferase pi cdnas were cloned from cyprinus carpio, hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and carassius auratus. the open reading frames (orfs) from the 3 fishes were 627 bp long (encoding for 208 amino acids) with the initial code atg and the terminal code tga. the sequence similarity was 50% between fish and mammals, 33% between fish and amphibian, and 15% between fish and arthropoda, respectively. the sequence similarity was big among fishes, and the average val ... | 2007 | 17369158 |
| cadmium affects the expression of metallothionein (mt) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) mrna in goldfish, carassius auratus. | cadmium (cd) is a widespread non-essential heavy metal that enters the aquatic environment as a result of natural and human-caused activities, including industrial effluent, mining, and agricultural runoff. in the present study, we investigated time and dose-related effect of cdcl(2) on metallothionein (mt) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) mrna levels in a number of goldfish tissues, in vivo. basal mt and gpx mrna levels remained unchanged in the tissues tested throughout the experiment. injecti ... | 2007 | 17369103 |
| the identification of heat shock protein genes in goldfish (carassius auratus) and their expression in a complex environment in gaobeidian lake, beijing, china. | the enhanced expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) can be detected in response to high temperatures, as well as to many kinds of stressors, including pollutants. partial cdna sequences encoding hsp30, hsp70, hsp90 beta, and heat shock cognate (hsc) 70, and full-length cdna sequences encoding hsp27, hsp47 and hsp60 were cloned from goldfish (carassius auratus). the expression of these genes was investigated in goldfish inhabiting gaobeidian lake in beijing, china. the water of this lake is mod ... | 2007 | 17368997 |
| glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, 67, and gaba-transaminase mrna expression and total enzyme activity in the goldfish (carassius auratus) brain. | gad65 and gad67 are the two major isoforms of the enzyme that converts glutamate into gaba in a single step reaction. despite studies describing gad65 and gad67 mrna expression in the mammalian brain, both gad65 and gad67 mrna expression has not yet been fully described for a non-mammalian vertebrate model. similarly, the expression patterns of gaba-t mrna, the major enzyme involved in metabolizing gaba, have not been described for any vertebrate. in the present study, we utilized non-radioactiv ... | 2007 | 17362888 |
| catadioptric stereo-vision system for the real-time monitoring of 3d behavior in aquatic animals. | fish species have been used as vertebrate model systems for numerous human diseases. however, a comprehensive monitoring system for continuously tracking the positions of aquatic animals is still lacking. manual or simple automatic methods usually lead to false or incomplete behavioral parameters. in this paper, a video-based 3d system is proposed for monitoring aquatic animals. this system is comprised of a novel catadioptric stereo-vision setup and methods for robust tracking of 3d motion-rela ... | 2007 | 17355885 |
| the life cycle of chloromyxum auratum (myxozoa) from goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), involves an antonactinomyxon actinospore. | the myxozoan parasite chloromyxum auratumhallett, atkinson, holt, banner & bartholomew, 2006, was shown experimentally to have a two-host life cycle which involved a previously undescribed antonactinomyxon actinospore stage. myxospores obtained from gall bladders of naturally infected feral goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), were used to infect samples of mixed species of oligochaete worms obtained from the same locality as the fish: fern ridge dam, oregon, usa. after some 110 days post-exposure, ... | 2007 | 17352790 |
| identification and characterization of two homologues of interferon-stimulated gene isg15 in crucian carp. | isg15 is one of the most strongly induced genes upon viral infection, interferon (ifn) stimulation, and lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulation, and only one copy has been found in mammals so far. here two fish isg15 genes, termed caisg15-1 and caisg15-2, have been cloned and sequenced from uv-inactivated gchv (grass carp haemorrhagic virus)-infected and ifn-produced cab cells (crucian carp carassius auratus blastulae embryonic cells) by suppression subtractive hybridization. the full-length cdna s ... | 2007 | 17350861 |
| homologous regulation of estrogen receptor subtypes in goldfish (carassius auratus). | while considerable information is available on the physiological effects of estrogen, much less is known about the regulation of estrogen receptor (er) subtypes, particularly in non-mammalian vertebrates. using goldfish as primary experimental model, we investigated sex- and tissue-specific homologous regulation of er subtypes (eralpha, erbetai, and erbetaii) by estradiol in vivo, in the liver and gonads. treatment with estradiol, significantly upregulated transcript levels for all three types o ... | 2007 | 17342729 |
| bioaccumulation and ros generation in liver of carassius auratus, exposed to phenanthrene. | in the present study, the bioaccumulation and reactive oxygen species (ros) generation were studied after fish (carassius auratus) were exposed to different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.1 mg/l) of phenanthrene for 4 days. the accumulation of phenanthrene in liver increased with the exposure concentration (r(2)=0.88). a secondary spin trapping technique was used followed by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) analysis, to study the ros production. the ros generated in fish liver ... | 2007 | 17300992 |
| assessing the anti-estrogenic activity of sodium pentachlorophenol in primary cultures of juvenile goldfish (carassius auratus) hepatocytes using vitellogenin as a biomarker. | both pentachlorophenol and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) had been studied widely because of their probable anti-estrogenic activity. sodium pentachlorophenol (pcp-na), as a industrial product used in many fields, usually contains a trace of tcdd. the aim of this study was to assess the anti-estrogenic effect of pcp-na in juvenile goldfish (carassius auratus) hepatocyte cultures using vitellogenin (vtg) as the biomarker. the id50 of pcp-na was investigated and then a series of concen ... | 2006 | 17294650 |
| purification, characterization, and cdna cloning of a myofibril-bound serine proteinase from the skeletal muscle of crucian carp (carassius auratus). | a myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbsp) was highly purified from the skeletal muscle of crucian carp (carasius auratus) by acidic treatment of myofibril solution and chromatographies on q-sepharose and benzamidine-sepharose 6b. mbsp revealed a main protein band of approximately 28 kda on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and was particularly inhibited by serine proteinase inhibitors. substrate-specificity analysis revealed that the enzyme specifically cleaved at the carboxyl side ... | 2007 | 17253717 |
| interleukin-6 family cytokine m17 induces differentiation and nitric oxide response of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) macrophages. | cytokines belonging to the interleukin-6 (il-6) family function in many biological processes and display a high degree of redundancy within the family. although a number of mrna transcripts from teleost fish that resemble il-6 family cytokines have been identified none have been functionally characterized to confirm their identity. we report on the identification and functional characterization of goldfish m17, a molecule possessing sequence and mrna expression patterns similar to the mammalian ... | 2007 | 17250891 |
| relation between the pigmentation and pterin derivatives of chromatophores during development in the normal black and transparent scaled types of goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1960 | 17247991 | |
| transparency and mottling, a case of mendelian inheritance in the goldfish carassius auratus. | 1928 | 17246559 | |
| the directional hearing abilities of two species of bamboo sharks. | auditory evoked potentials (aeps) were used to measure the directional hearing thresholds of the white-spotted bamboo shark chiloscyllium plagiosum and the brown-banded bamboo shark chiloscyllium punctatum at four frequencies and seven directions, using a shaker table designed to mimic the particle motion component of sound. over most directions and frequencies there were no significant differences in acceleration thresholds, suggesting that the sharks have omni-directional hearing abilities. go ... | 2007 | 17234620 |
| thioperamide delays vestibular compensation in goldfish. | unilateral lesion of the vestibular system induces posturo-locomotor deficits that are compensated for with time. drug therapy is currently used to improve the recovery process and to facilitate vestibular compensation. we investigated the effects of thioperamide on functional recovery after unilateral labyrinthectomy in carassius auratus. approximately 24h after surgery, the animals were injected intraperitoneally with thioperamide (15 mg/kg) and saline (1.5 ml/kg). the injections were repeated ... | 2007 | 17234345 |
| study of goldfish (carassius auratus) growth hormone structure-function relationship by domain swapping. | using goldfish as a model, the structure-function relationship of goldfish growth hormone was studied using the strategy of homologous domain swapping. chimeric mutants were constructed by exchanging homologous regions between goldfish growth hormone (gfgh ii) and goldfish prolactin (gfprl) with their cloned complementary dnas. six mutants, with their domain-swapped, were generated to have different combinations of three target regions, including the helix a, helix d and the large section in bet ... | 2007 | 17215157 |
| stimulation effect of lithium on the metabolic activity of liver tissue mitochondria measured by microcalorimetry. | the effect of li(i) on the metabolism of mitochondria isolated from carassius auratus liver tissue was investigated by microcalorimetric method to provide evidence for mitochondria hypothesis of bipolar disorder (bpd) and to explore therapeutic mechanism of drug for treatment of bpd. obvious stimulation induced by li(i) on mitochondria metabolism was reflected by power-time (p-t) curves. the power-time curves of hepatic mitochondria metabolism without li(i) could be divided into four parts: lag ... | 2006 | 17205999 |
| beta-sitosterol and 17beta-estradiol alter gonadal steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) expression in goldfish, carassius auratus. | fish exposed to the phytosterol beta-sitosterol (beta-sit) have decreased circulating hormone and cholesterol concentrations, and decreased gonadal intra-mitochondrial cholesterol pools. the current study examined the potential for beta-sit to alter abundance of the key cholesterol transport protein, steroidogenic acute regulatory (star) protein, which delivers cholesterol to the first and rate-limiting steroidogenic enzyme p450 side chain cleavage (p450(scc)) inside the mitochondria. plasma tes ... | 2007 | 17196966 |
| evaluation of mutagenic activities of leachates in landfill sites by micronucleus test and comet assay using goldfish. | to develop a simple system for monitoring the presence of mutagens/carcinogens in the leachates from landfill sites, we used a micronucleus test and a single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay originally developed for mice and rats on goldfish (carassius auratus). the goldfish were exposed for 9 days to the leachate with chemical and biological treatment (treated leachate) or without treatment (raw leachate). the goldfish exposed to several samples died because of the high concentrations of ... | 2007 | 17196875 |
| pharmacological activation of mglu2/3 metabotropic glutamate receptors protects retinal neurons against anoxic damage in the goldfish carassius auratus. | we examined the expression of mglu2/3 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the retina of the goldfish carassius auratus. mglu2/3 receptors were expressed in all retinal layers internal to the photoreceptor layer, particularly in the outer and inner nuclear layers. although the goldfish brain is able to tolerate prolonged periods of anoxia, we examined whether anoxia could induce retinal damage. three hours of anoxia induced in the retina the development of apoptotic cell death, as assessed 48 h l ... | 2007 | 17196590 |
| evidence that olfactory sensitivities to calcium and sodium are mediated by different mechanisms in the goldfish carassius auratus. | the current study investigated whether the olfactory sensitivity to ca2+ and na+ is mediated by the same mechanism in the goldfish, a freshwater teleost. the olfactory responses, as assessed by recording the electro-encephalogram (eeg) from the olfactory bulb, to changes in external [ca2+] and to [na+] were recorded in the absence and presence of increasing concentrations of the other ion. low concentrations of na+ (0-1.0mm) had no significant effects on the olfactory response to changes in [ca2 ... | 2007 | 17196333 |
| regulative mechanism of ce3+ relieves dna damage caused by cd2+ in the kidney of silver crucian carp. | the mechanism of cd2+ on the dna cleavage and ce3+ on the dna repair in the kidney of silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis methods and assaying biochemical indexes. it proves that cd2+ induces the classical laddering degradation of dna in vivo, but dna cleavage is repaired after injecting with a low ce3+ concentration under various cd2+ concentrations. the dna cleavage caused by cd2+ is the result of the activation of deoxyribonuclease (d ... | 2006 | 17194924 |
| combined effects of herbicides on biomarkers reflecting immune-endocrine interactions in goldfish. immune and antioxidant effects. | goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to a mixture of herbicides, namely atrazine, simazine, diuron, and isoproturon (asdi) at a cumulative concentration of 50microg/l for 12 weeks. control fish and exposed fish were sampled at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of exposure to observe the combined impact of herbicides on non-specific and specific mechanisms of immunity and antioxidant defenses. the antioxidant defenses were evaluated in haemopoietic organs and liver. asdi-induced stress was reflected as a si ... | 2007 | 17194491 |
| accumulation of microcystins in various organs of the freshwater snail sinotaia histrica and three fishes in a temperate lake, the eutrophic lake suwa, japan. | so far, there has been only one study to examine microcystin (mc) contents in various organs of snails in a subtropical chinese lake. in this study, tissue distribution and seasonal dynamics of mc-rr and -lr were investigated in various organs of a freshwater snail (sinotaia histrica) in a temperate eutrophic lake, lake suwa, japan. accumulation of microcystins in some fish was also investigated. there was marked temporal variation in the mc content of various organs of the snail. the digestive ... | 2007 | 17187838 |
| comparative studies on histological and ultra-structure of the pituitary of different ploidy level fishes. | the histological and ultra-structure of the pituitary in diploid red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.), triploid crucian carp and allotetraploid hybrids within and after the breeding season were comparatively studied. the result showed that there were six endocrine cell types in the pituitary of these three kinds of fishes, and there was an obvious difference in cell size among different ploidy level fishes. as for the same type of pituitary cells, the cell size was increased gradually w ... | 2006 | 17172051 |
| pcr survey of hox genes in the goldfish carassius auratus auratus. | a tetraploidization event took place in the cyprinid lineage leading to goldfishes about 15 million years ago. a pcr survey for hox genes in the goldfish carassius auratus auratus (actinopterygii: cyprinidae) was performed to assess the consequences of this genome duplication. not surprisingly, the genomic organization of the hox gene clusters of goldfish is similar to that of the closely related zebrafish (danio rerio). however, the goldfish exhibits a much larger number of recent pseudogenes, ... | 2007 | 17171698 |
| hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative stress in carassius auratus liver as affected by 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. | with carassius auratus, one of the main economic fish species in eastern china as test material, this paper studied the hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative stress in its liver under the effect of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp). different doses of 2,4,6-tcp were injected intraperitoneally into the fishes, and the electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra of hepatic free radicals, activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst), levels of r ... | 2007 | 17161446 |
| isolation of side population cells from ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) kidney hematopoietic tissues. | side population (sp) cells, characterized by a specific hoechst dye efflux pattern by flow cytometry were isolated from kidney hematopoietic tissues of ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii). the hematopoietic activity of sp cells was evaluated by the repopulation and multilineage potential using an in vivo transplant system of ginbuna carp (donor) and ginbuna-goldfish hybrids (recipient). in a flow cytometric (fcm) analysis, a small and distinct population of ginbuna sp cells displayed ef ... | 2007 | 17129605 |