Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| the marine herring myxozoan ceratomyxa auerbachi (myxozoa: ceratomyxidae) uses chone infundibuliformis (annelida: polychaeta: sabellidae) as invertebrate host. | sequencing of ssu rdna showed that actinospores of the tetractinomyxon type, which develop in chone infundibuliformis krøyer (annelida, polychaeta, sabellidae) from the northern øresund, denmark, are identical with ceratomyxa auerbachi kabata, 1962 (myxozoa, ceratomyxidae). this myxosporean was found in the gallbladder of the atlantic herring clupea harengus l. from the northern øresund, denmark, and from the bergen area, western norway. the pansporocysts and actinospores of c. auerbachi are des ... | 2008 | 18666412 |
| effect of various electric field strengths and current durations on stunning and spinal injuries of atlantic herring. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of electric field strength and current duration on wild-caught atlantic herring clupea harengus stunned with sinusoidal 50-hz ac in seawater. the fish were exposed to electric field strengths ranging from 16 to 142 v/m and current durations from 1 to 12 s. we recorded the elapsed times between the point at which each fish became unconscious and the points at which it resumed normal behavioral functions. we also investigated injuries such as broken ... | 2008 | 18783132 |
| characterization of rainbow trout cell lines using microsatellite dna profiling. | ten microsatellite loci (omy27du,omy325(a3)uog, omyfgt5tuf,omyfgt14tuf, omyfgt15tuf,omyfgt23tuf, omy77du,ssa20.19nuig, ots1bml, andone18asc) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction to create genetic profiles for nine cell lines (rtg-2, rth-149,rtl-w1,rtgill-w1, rts-11, rts-34st, rtp-2, rtp-91e and rtp-91f) from rainbow trout(oncorhynchus mykiss) and one cell line (chse-214) from chinook salmon (o. tschawytscha). a cell line (phl) from anon-salmonid, the pacific herring (clupea harengu ... | 2001 | 19002917 |
| influence of herring (clupea harengus) and herring fractions on metabolic status in rats fed a high energy diet. | few dietary studies have looked beyond fish oil to explain the beneficial metabolic effects of a fish-containing diet. our aim was to study whether addition of herring, or sub-fractions of herring, could counteract negative metabolic effects known to be induced by a high-fat, high-sugar diet. | 2009 | 19076113 |
| investigation of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in fish from the southern baltic sea during the 2002-2006 period. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-pcbs) in the southern baltic herring (clupea harengus), sprat (sprattus sprattus), and salmon (salmo salar) are reported. the significant interspecies and season-specific differences in pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs concentrations were observed. the contribution of dl-pcbs to the total toxicity equivalents (teqs) ranged between 50% and 70%, dependently on fish s ... | 2009 | 19108863 |
| marine mammals' influence on ecosystem processes affecting fisheries in the barents sea is trivial. | some interpretations of ecosystem-based fishery management include culling marine mammals as an integral component. the current norwegian policy on marine mammal management is one example. scientific support for this policy includes the scenario barents sea (sbs) models. these modelled interactions between cod, gadus morhua, herring, clupea harengus, capelin, mallotus villosus and northern minke whales, balaenoptera acutorostrata. adding harp seals phoca groenlandica into this top-down modelling ... | 2009 | 19126534 |
| behavioral responses of herring (clupea harengus) to 1-2 and 6-7 khz sonar signals and killer whale feeding sounds. | military antisubmarine sonars produce intense sounds within the hearing range of most clupeid fish. the behavioral reactions of overwintering herring (clupea harengus) to sonar signals of two different frequency ranges (1-2 and 6-7 khz), and to playback of killer whale feeding sounds, were tested in controlled exposure experiments in vestfjorden, norway, november 2006. the behavior of free ranging herring was monitored by two upward-looking echosounders. a vessel towing an operational naval sona ... | 2009 | 19173441 |
| genomic and proteomic analyses reveal non-neofunctionalized vitellogenins in a basal clupeocephalan, the atlantic herring, and point to the origin of maturational yolk proteolysis in marine teleosts. | oocyte hydration is a unique event in oviparous marine teleosts that provides the single-celled egg with an essential pool of water for survival during early development in the saline oceanic environment. a conserved mechanism of maturational yolk proteolysis of a neofunctionalized vitellogenin (vtgaa) has been shown to underlie the hydration event in all teleosts that spawn pelagic eggs (pelagophils), and is argued to be a key adaptation for teleost radiation in the oceanic environment 55 ma. w ... | 2009 | 19174481 |
| toxicity of orimulsion-400 to early life stages of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) and mummichog (fundulus heteroclitus). | the toxicity of orimulsion-400 (pdvsa-bitor), an emulsion of 70% bitumen in 30% water, was tested during the embryonic development of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) and mummichog (fundulus heteroclitus) in duplicate experiments. air injection and different salinities were included in the herring assays to examine their effects on orimulsion-400 toxicity. water-accommodated fractions (wafs) of no. 6 fuel oil were tested in the mummichog assays to compare orimulsion-400 toxicity with that of a ... | 2009 | 19220074 |
| development and use of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay to quantify cytochrome p4501a1 expression in american mink. | the distribution of natural populations of american mink is restricted to locales that are in proximity to aquatic ecosystems. because of the lipophilicity and persistence of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and reliance of mink on aquatic-based diets, mink at contaminated locales often bioacccumulate high levels of pcbs. in addition, in controlled laboratory studies, mink are highly sensitive at reproductive and developmental end points to the toxic effects of environmental pcb mixtures. it is ... | 2009 | 19277445 |
| lévy processes and stochastic von bertalanffy models of growth, with application to fish population analysis. | the study of animal growth is a longstanding crucial topic of theoretical biology. in this paper we introduce a new class of stochastic growth models that enjoy two crucial properties: the growth path of an individual is monotonically increasing and the mean length at time t follows the classic von bertalanffy model. besides the theoretical development, the models are also tested against a large set of length-at-age data collected on atlantic herring (clupea harengus): the mean lengths and varia ... | 2009 | 19459236 |
| mitochondrial dna of anisakis simplex s.s. as a potential tool for differentiating populations. | anisakis simplex s.s. specimens from gadus morhua, gadus ogac, reinhardtius hippoglossoides, clupea harengus, micromesistius poutassou, pleurogrammus monopterygius, and oncorhynchus nerka, caught in the north atlantic and pacific, were examined. identity of the parasite species was confirmed using a molecular key. all specimens were used for amplifying a part of the non-coding sequence of the at-rich region, flanked by the nad6-nad4l-trnw-trne-rrns-trns2, and trnn-trny-nad1 genes. this part of t ... | 2009 | 19530887 |
| temporal trends in the bioaccumulation of trace metals in herring, sprat, and cod from the southern baltic sea in the 1994-2003 period. | this study is based on raw data obtained from 1 225 samples of herring (clupea harengus), sprat (sprattus sprattus), and cod (gadus morhua) collected in the 1994-2003 period from the polish coastal zone of the baltic sea. this paper presents the results of investigations of the contents of cu, zn, cd, pb, hg, and as in fish. the aim was to identify temporal trends in trace metal contamination and variations in the concentrations of hg in the flesh of herring, sprat, and cod of different lengths. ... | 2009 | 19580989 |
| disentangling the effects of evolutionary, demographic, and environmental factors influencing genetic structure of natural populations: atlantic herring as a case study. | the spatial structuring of intraspecific genetic diversity is the result of random genetic drift, natural selection, migration, mutation, and their interaction with historical processes. the contribution of each has been typically difficult to estimate, but recent advances in statistical genetics have provided valuable new investigative tools to tackle such complexity. using a combination of such methods, we examined the roles of environment (i.e., natural selection), random genetic processes (i ... | 2009 | 19624724 |
| temporally stable genetic structure of heavily exploited atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in swedish waters. | information on the temporal stability of genetic structures is important to permit detection of changes that can constitute threats to biological resources. large-scale harvesting operations are known to potentially alter the composition and reduce the variability of populations, and atlantic herring (clupea harengus) has a long history of heavy exploitation. in the baltic sea and skagerrak waters, the census population sizes have declined by 35-50% over the last three decades. we compared the g ... | 2010 | 19654606 |
| whether depositing fat or losing weight, fish maintain a balance. | in fish, the relative amount of tissues of different densities changes significantly over short periods throughout the year, depending on the availability of food, nutrition and their developmental status, such as sexual maturation. if a land-living animal accumulates fat it influences not only its general state of health, but also markedly increases its energy expenditure for locomotion owing to the force of gravity. on a body submerged in water, this force, which acts on the centre of gravity ... | 2009 | 19675008 |
| removal of lipids, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls during production of protein isolates from baltic herring ( clupea harengus ) using ph-shift processes. | dioxins and pcbs are toxic, lipophilic, and persistent substances that impose a serious health threat. a major risk of exposure to these toxic substances is consumption of fish from polluted waters, such as the baltic sea. the aim of this study was to investigate if ph-shift processing of baltic herring with elevated toxicity levels could be used to produce a protein isolate with low fat content and, thereby, reduced dioxin and pcb levels. both acid (ph 2.7) and alkaline (ph 11.2) ph-shift proce ... | 2009 | 19678682 |
| efficiency of hemoglobin from rainbow trout, cod, and herring in promotion of hydroperoxide-derived free radicals. | hemoglobin (hb) from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), atlantic cod (gadus morhua), and herring (clupea harengus) were evaluated in terms of capacity to generate hydroperoxide-derived free radicals in aqueous solution at ph 6.8. cumene hydroperoxide (cumooh) was used as a model for preformed lipid hydroperoxides, and free radicals were monitored by stabilizing with the spin trap alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-n-tert-butylnitrone (pobn) and further detection by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. ... | 2009 | 19705833 |
| identification of genes for dimethyl sulfide production in bacteria in the gut of atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | phytoplankton are the primary producers of the sulfur-containing compatible solute dimethylsulfoniopropionate (dmsp). these cells are consumed by mesozooplankton, which, in turn, may be eaten by marine vertebrates. from the gut of one such animal, the atlantic herring clupea harengus, we isolated strains of the gamma-proteobacteria pseudomonas and psychrobacter that grew on dmsp as sole carbon source, and which produced the environmentally important sulfurous volatile dimethyl sulfide (dms). in ... | 2010 | 19710707 |
| high resolution population density imaging of random scatterers with the matched filtered scattered field variance. | the matched filter enables imaging with high spatial resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio by coherent correlation with the expected field from what is assumed to be a discrete scatterer. in many physical imaging systems, however, returns from a large number of randomized scatterers, ranging from thousands to millions of individuals, are received together and the coherent or expected field vanishes. despite this, it is shown that cross-spectral coherence in the matched filtered variance reta ... | 2009 | 19739718 |
| cholecystokinin: molecular cloning and immunohistochemical localization in the gastrointestinal tract of larval red drum, sciaenops ocellatus (l.). | the current study sought to clarify the role of cholecystokinin (cck) in the digestion of larval red drum (sciaenops ocellatus) in order to better characterize the processes limiting the utilization of microparticulate diets at first feeding. the red drum cck cdna, isolated from adult anterior intestine and pyloric caeca, contains a 414 base pair (bp) open reading frame encoding a deduced amino acid sequence of 138 residues which is highly similar to preprocholecystokinin from other vertebrates. ... | 2010 | 19896946 |
| low-frequency target strength and abundance of shoaling atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in the gulf of maine during the ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing 2006 experiment. | the low-frequency target strength of shoaling atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in the gulf of maine during autumn 2006 spawning season is estimated from experimental data acquired simultaneously at multiple frequencies in the 300-1200 hz range using (1) a low-frequency ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing (oawrs) system, (2) areal population density calibration with several conventional fish finding sonar (cffs) systems, and (3) low-frequency transmission loss measurements. the oawrs system ... | 2010 | 20058955 |
| natural, social, economical and political influences on fisheries: a review of the transitional area of the polish waters of the vistula lagoon. | a 60 year (1948-2007) dataset gathered by polish researchers working on the vistula lagoon fish assemblages and fisheries has shown this stressed transitional environment to be always been dominated by a few highly abundant fish species. during this period, the surrounding countries poland and russia (kaliningrad) were transformed from centrally-planned economies with fixed prices to free market systems. the organization of the fishery evolved from one in which the majority of the fishing effort ... | 2010 | 20359718 |
| detecting atlantic herring by parametric sonar. | the difference-frequency band of the kongsberg topas ps18 parametric sub-bottom profiling sonar, nominally 1-6 khz, is being used to observe atlantic herring. representative topas echograms of herring layers and schools observed in situ in december 2008 and november 2009 are presented. these agree well with echograms of volume backscattering strength derived simultaneously with the narrowband simrad ek60/18- and 38-khz scientific echo sounder, also giving insight into herring avoidance behavior ... | 2010 | 20369983 |
| viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) genotype ii isolated from european river lamprey lampetra fluviatilis in finland during surveillance from 1999 to 2008. | we examined the occurrence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in the main spawning stocks of wild european river lamprey lampetra fluviatilis in the rivers of finland from 1999 to 2008. pooled samples of internal organs (kidney, liver and heart or brain) from 2621 lampreys were examined for the presence of vhsv by standard virological techniques. vhsv was isolated from 5 samples from the rivers lestijoki and kalajoki, which flow from finland into the bothnian bay of the baltic sea. t ... | 2010 | 20377008 |
| seasonal plankton-fish interactions: light regime, prey phenology, and herring foraging. | when prey and predator are seasonal migrants, encounters depend on migration phenologies and environmental constraints on predation. here we investigate the relative contribution of seasonality in irradiance and prey abundance in shaping the rapid seasonal body condition increase of a migrating predator searching visually for its prey: the norwegian spring-spawning herring, clupea harengus, feeding on the copepod calanus finmarchicus. two main seasonal pulses of prey are available to herring: (1 ... | 2010 | 20391994 |
| anisakis simplex third stage larvae in norwegian spring spawning herring (clupea harengus l.), with emphasis on larval distribution in the flesh. | the third stage larvae of the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex commonly occur in most commercially important fish species of the north atlantic, including norwegian spring spawning herring (clupea harengus l.). the presence of nematode larvae in the flesh of fish may significantly lower the aesthetical quality of the product, or even pose a consumer health risk, especially with regard to the possible allergenic nature of the larvae or molecular traces thereof. in this study, the occurrence an ... | 2010 | 20413223 |
| use of herring bait to farm lobsters in the gulf of maine. | ecologists, fisheries scientists, and coastal managers have all called for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management, yet many species such as the american lobster (homarus americanus) are still largely managed individually. one hypothesis that has yet to be tested suggests that human augmentation of lobster diets via the use of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) as bait may contribute to recent increases in lobster landings. currently 70% of atlantic herring landings in the gulf of maine ar ... | 2010 | 20419167 |
| detecting population structure in a high gene-flow species, atlantic herring (clupea harengus): direct, simultaneous evaluation of neutral vs putatively selected loci. | in many marine fish species, genetic population structure is typically weak because populations are large, evolutionarily young and have a high potential for gene flow. we tested whether genetic markers influenced by natural selection are more efficient than the presumed neutral genetic markers to detect population structure in atlantic herring (clupea harengus), a migratory pelagic species with large effective population sizes. we compared the spatial and temporal patterns of divergence and sta ... | 2011 | 20551979 |
| ecological meltdown in the firth of clyde, scotland: two centuries of change in a coastal marine ecosystem. | the firth of clyde is a large inlet of the sea that extends over 100 km into scotland's west coast. | 2010 | 20686614 |
| variation in fat content and fatty-acid composition of the baltic herring clupea harengus membras. | the fat content and fatty-acid profiles of herring, clupea harengus membras, from the southern baltic sea varied depending on when (fishing season) and where (fishing grounds) the fish were caught as well as on their size and sex. the fat, protein and dry matter content and the fatty-acid profiles were assayed in c. h. membras muscle tissue. the changes observed in fatty-acid profiles were determined by factors such as specimen mass and fat content, which, in turn, depended on fishing season. th ... | 2010 | 20701642 |
| depth-dependent swimbladder compression in herring clupea harengus observed using magnetic resonance imaging. | changes in swimbladder morphology in an atlantic herring clupea harengus with pressure were examined by magnetic resonance imaging of a dead fish in a purpose-built pressure chamber. swimbladder volume changed with pressure according to boyle's law, but compression in the lateral aspect was greater than in the dorsal aspect. this uneven compression has a reduced effect on acoustic backscattering than symmetrical compression and would elicit less pronounced effects of depth on acoustic biomass es ... | 2009 | 20735542 |
| implications of climate change for the fishes of the british isles. | recent climatic change has been recorded across the globe. although environmental change is a characteristic feature of life on earth and has played a major role in the evolution and global distribution of biodiversity, predicted future rates of climatic change, especially in temperature, are such that they will exceed any that has occurred over recent geological time. climate change is considered as a key threat to biodiversity and to the structure and function of ecosystems that may already be ... | 2009 | 20735625 |
| application of a sensitive, specific and controlled real-time pcr assay to surveillance indicates a low prevalence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in wild herring, clupea harengus l., in scottish waters. | surveillance data on the distribution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in the north sea (uk), targeting atlantic herring in areas with previous virus detection, were obtained from research cruises conducted during 2005. the sensitive molecular approach of real-time rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) was applied alongside a newly developed endogenous positive control assay specific for herring (elongation factor 1α) to ensure integrity of template. three hundred and five pools from 1937 individual he ... | 2010 | 20735797 |
| toxicity of dispersed weathered crude oil to early life stages of atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | reports of the chronic toxicity of dispersed crude oil to early life stages of fish perpetuate uncertainty about dispersant use. however, realistic exposures to dispersed oil in the water column are thought to be much briefer than exposures associated with chronic toxicity testing. to address this issue, the toxicity of dispersed weathered oil to early life stages of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) was tested for short exposure durations, ranging from 1 to 144 h. toxicity was a function of co ... | 2010 | 20821553 |
| protein isolation from gutted herring (clupea harengus) using ph-shift processes. | herring ( clupea harengus ) and other pelagic fish species are mainly used for fish meal and oil production and not for human consumption. in this study, acid ph-shift processing and alkaline ph-shift processing were used to isolate proteins from whole gutted herring with the aim to investigate the potential use of herring proteins as a food ingredient. the acid and alkaline processes gave rise to similar protein yields, 59.3 and 57.3%. the protein isolates from both processes had a significantl ... | 2010 | 20828150 |
| modeling relationships between baltic sea herring (clupea harengus) biology and contaminant concentrations using multivariate data analysis. | baltic sea herring (clupea harengus) is a pelagic, zoo-planktivorous fish and young (2-5 years old) individuals of this species are sampled annually in the swedish marine monitoring program. this study determined concentrations of organochlorines (ocs) and brominated flame retardants (bfrs) in dorsal muscle from herring (n = 60) of varying age (2-13 years), weight (25-200 g), and body length (16-29 cm) caught at three locations in the swedish part of the baltic proper. in order to ensure that th ... | 2010 | 21049924 |
| cholecystokinin (cck) in atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.) - ontogeny and effects of feeding and diurnal rhythms. | neural and alimentary cholecystokinin (cck) levels in atlantic herring, clupea harengus, were analyzed from hatching to 40days after hatching (dah). the head compartment representing the neural pool was quantitatively dominant (>80% of the total cck content) while the digestive tract pool represented 6-10%. during ontogeny the cck level in whole larvae increased almost 15-fold from 0 to 40 dah, being particularly marked from 14 to 20 dah. larvae of 24 to 26 dah were examined for potential occurr ... | 2010 | 21147246 |
| feeding ecology of pelagic fish species in the gulf of riga (baltic sea): the importance of changes in the zooplankton community. | the feeding ecology of four pelagic fish species was studied in relation to their prey availability in the gulf of riga (baltic sea) during the summer 1999-2006. the zooplankton community was dominated by the cladoceran bosmina longispina, rotifers keratella cochlearis and k. quadrata and the copepod eurytemora affinis, with the highest interannual variability in abundance recorded for b. longispina. the last influenced the diet of adult sprat sprattus sprattus, juvenile smelt osmerus eperlanus ... | 2010 | 21155782 |
| environmental pollutants in the swedish marine ecosystem, with special emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbde). | levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), polybrominated biphenyls (pbbs), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and perfluorinated organic compounds (pfcs) were analysed in whole herring (clupea harengus) and sprat (sprattus sprattus), eggs from common eider (somateria mollissima) and eggs and livers from herring gull (larus argentatus) from the swedish west coast. the contaminant values obtained were compared with published values from the arctic marin ... | 2011 | 21220151 |
| foraging, bioenergetic and predation constraints on diel vertical migration: field observations and modelling of reverse migration by young-of-the-year herring clupea harengus. | diel vertical migration (dvm) of young-of-the-year (yoy) herring clupea harengus and one of their major predators, pikeperch sander lucioperca, was examined using bottom-mounted hydroacoustics in himmerfjärden, a brackish bay of the baltic sea, in summer. in contrast to previous studies on dvm of c. harengus aggregated across size and age classes, yoy c. harengus showed a reverse dvm trajectory, deeper at night and, on average, shallower during the day. this pattern was observed consistently on ... | 2011 | 21284628 |
| morphology and ssu rdna sequences of ortholinea orientalis (shul'man and shul'man-albova, 1953) (myxozoa, ortholineidae) from clupea harengus and sprattus sprattus (clupeidae) from denmark. | ortholinea orientalis (shul'man and shul'man-albova 1953) shul'man 1956 is redescribed from clupea harengus l. and sprattus sprattus (l.) (teleostei, clupeidae) from the northern øresund, denmark. s. sprattus is a new host record. polysporic plasmodia and most myxospores were found in the ureters of both hosts. the myxospores have external valvular ridges, which were not observed in the original description. the presence of this character causes us to consider ortholinea clupeidae aseeva 2000 as ... | 2011 | 21301876 |
| interpretation of multi-frequency acoustic data: effects of fish orientation. | one goal of fisheries acoustics is to develop objective classification or identification methods to automate allocation of acoustic backscatter to species. classification schemes rely on consistent relationships for successful apportionment of acoustic backscatter to species. a method is developed that compares frequency-dependent volume backscatter from an acoustical survey of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) to investigate the potential for classifying herring. predicted backscattering patte ... | 2011 | 21302987 |
| rapid method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides and pcbs in fish muscle samples by microwave-assisted extraction and analysis of extracts by gc-ecd. | a procedure for the multiresidue determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in fish muscle samples has been developed. the method is based on the microwave-assisted extraction (mae) of food samples from an acetonitrile-water (95 + 5, v/v) mixture followed by spe cleanup of the extracts and analysis by gc with an electron capture detector. mae operational parameters, such as the extraction solvent, temperature, and time, were optimized with respect to the extraction ... | 2010 | 21313829 |
| transcriptional effects of dietary exposure of oil-contaminated calanus finmarchicus in atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) cdna library construction and characterization was used to identify differentially regulated transcripts from oil exposure in liver of male atlantic herring (clupea harengus) fed a diet containing 900 mg crude oil/kg for 2 mo. in total, 439 expressed sequence tags (est) were sequenced, 223 from the forward subtracted library (enriched for genes putatively upregulated by oil exposure) and 216 from the reverse subtracted library (enriched for genes putat ... | 2011 | 21391095 |
| a simple method for weight estimation of whole herring (clupea harengus) using planar x-ray imaging. | fish weight is one of the key parameters used in commercial sorting of fresh fish. the capability of on-line and accurate estimation of the weight of each individual fish has a direct impact on profitability for the fish processors. planar x-ray images of whole herring (n = 16) were taken using a commercial medical x-ray apparatus. the integral intensity of all pixels in each image was calculated and correlated with the weight of the respective fish producing a linear relationship with a high co ... | 2011 | 21535833 |
| epidemiological aspects of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus genotype ii isolated from baltic herring, clupea harengus membras l. | this study was carried out to clarify the role of wild fish, especially baltic herring, clupea harengus membras l., in the epidemiology of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in brackish water in finland. baltic herring with no visible signs of disease were collected from the archipelago sea, the gulf of bothnia and the eastern gulf of finland. in total, 7580 herring were examined by virus isolation as 758 pooled samples and 3029 wild salmonid broodfish as pooled samples during 2004-2006 ... | 2011 | 21623835 |
| Vertebrate slow skeletal muscle actin - Conservation, distribution and conformational flexibility. | The existence of a unique sarcomeric actin is demonstrated in teleosts that possess substantial amounts of slow skeletal muscle in the trunk. The slow skeletal isotype is conserved. There is one amino acid substitution between Atlantic herring slow skeletal actin and the equivalent in salmonids. Conversely, the intra-species variation is considerable; 13 substitutions between different herring skeletal isotypes (slow versus fast). The isomorphisms (non-conservative underlined: residues, 2, 3, 10 ... | 2011 | 21722757 |
| seasonal variation in the levels of organohalogen compounds in herring (clupea harengus) from the norwegian sea. | the norwegian spring spawning (nss) herring is an ecologically important fish stock in the norwegian sea, and with a catch volume exceeding one million tons a year it is also economically important and a valuable food source. in order to provide a baseline of the levels of contaminants in this fish stock, the levels of organohalogen compounds were determined in 800 individual herring sampled at 29 positions in the norwegian sea and off the coast of norway. due to seasonal migration, the herring ... | 2011 | 21724232 |
| high site fidelity and low site connectivity in temperate salt marsh fish populations: a stable isotope approach. | adult and juvenile fish utilise salt marshes for food and shelter at high tide, moving into adjacent sublittoral regions during low tide. understanding whether there are high levels of site fidelity for different species of coastal fish has important implications for habitat conservation and the design of marine protected areas. we hypothesised that common salt marsh fish species would demonstrate a high site fidelity, resulting in minimal inter-marsh connectivity. carbon ((13)c) and nitrogen (( ... | 2011 | 21786154 |
| role of egg predation by haddock in the decline of an atlantic herring population. | theoretical studies suggest that the abrupt and substantial changes in the productivity of some fisheries species may be explained by predation-driven alternate stable states in their population levels. with this hypothesis, an increase in fishing or a natural perturbation can drive a population from an upper to a lower stable-equilibrium population level. after fishing is reduced or the perturbation ended, this low population level can persist due to the regulatory effect of the predator. altho ... | 2011 | 21825166 |
| wasp-waist interactions in the north sea ecosystem. | in a "wasp-waist" ecosystem, an intermediate trophic level is expected to control the abundance of predators through a bottom-up interaction and the abundance of prey through a top-down interaction. previous studies suggest that the north sea is mainly governed by bottom-up interactions driven by climate perturbations. however, few studies have investigated the importance of the intermediate trophic level occupied by small pelagic fishes. | 2011 | 21829494 |
| interacting trophic forcing and the population dynamics of herring. | small pelagic fish occupy a central position in marine ecosystems worldwide, largely by determining the energy transfer from lower trophic levels to predators at the top of the food web, including humans. population dynamics of small pelagic fish may therefore be regulated neither strictly bottom-up nor top-down, but rather through multiple external and internal drivers. while in many studies single drivers have been identified, potential synergies of multiple factors, as well as their relative ... | 2011 | 21870614 |
| effects of multiple scattering, attenuation and dispersion in waveguide sensing of fish. | an ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing system can instantaneously image and continuously monitor fish populations distributed over continental shelf-scale regions. here it is shown theoretically that the areal population density of fish groups can be estimated from their incoherently averaged broadband matched filtered scattered intensities measured using a waveguide remote sensing system with less than 10% error. a numerical monte-carlo model is developed to determine the statistical moment ... | 2011 | 21895068 |
| Dietary supplementation of herring roe and milt enhances hepatic fatty acid catabolism in female mice transgenic for hTNFa | PURPOSE: The beneficial effects of a seafood-rich diet are highly documented and can be attributed to both n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and other less studied nutritional components including protein and antioxidants. The aim of the work was to investigate whether an under-utilized seafood source, eggs (roe) and sperm (milt) from herring (Clupea harengus), can affect lipid metabolism and inflammation in a mouse model transgenic for human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF ... | 2011 | 21986673 |
| [new view on the population genetic structure of marine fish]. | the view on homogeneous population genetic structure in many marine fish with high mobility has changed significantly during the last ten years. molecular genetic population studies over the whole ranges of such species as atlantic herring and atlantic cod showed a complex picture of spatial differentiation both on the macrogeographic and, in many areas, on the microgeographic scale, although the differentiation for neutral molecular markers was low. it was established that the migration activit ... | 2011 | 22332403 |
| detection of small bioactive peptides from atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.). | recent research has shown that fish residual materials contain a range of components with interesting biological activity. therefore, there is a great potential in the marine bioprocess industry to utilize these by-products as starting material for generating more valuable products. the aim of the present study was to search for bioactive peptides (in particular small natural bioactive peptides with molecular weight lower than 10 kda) in atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.) by-products such as ... | 2012 | 22342594 |
| risk of environmental genotoxicity in the baltic sea over the period of 2009-2011 assessed by micronuclei frequencies in blood erythrocytes of flounder (platichthys flesus), herring (clupea harengus) and eelpout (zoarces viviparus). | environmental genotoxicity was investigated at 82 locations encompassing different regions of the baltic sea. micronuclei (mn) analysis was performed in erythrocytes of 1892 specimens of flounder platichthys flesus, herring clupea harengus and eelpout zoarces viviparus, three of the most common native fish species of the baltic sea collected in 2009-2011. mn background levels in fish were determined using data obtained in 2001-2011 from 107 baltic sites. extremely high genotoxicity risk zones we ... | 2012 | 22349255 |
| behavior of captive herring exposed to naval sonar transmissions (1.0-1.6 khz) throughout a yearly cycle. | atlantic herring, clupea harengus, is a hearing specialist, and several studies have demonstrated strong responses to man-made noise, for example, from an approaching vessel. to avoid negative impacts from naval sonar operations, a set of studies of reaction patters of herring to low-frequency (1.0-1.5 khz) naval sonar signals has been undertaken. this paper presents herring reactions to sonar signals and other stimuli when kept in captivity under detailed acoustic and video monitoring. througho ... | 2012 | 22352533 |
| influences of potential predictor variables on gastric evacuation in atlantic cod gadus morhua feeding on fish prey: parameterization of a generic model. | the parameter values of a generic model of gastric evacuation were estimated from evacuation data on atlantic cod gadus morhua fed meals of four fish prey: herring clupea harengus, sprat sprattus sprattus, lesser sandeel ammodytes tobianus and dab limanda limanda. the effects on evacuation of photoperiod and pre-experimental treatment of prey were also tested. freshly killed a. tobianus were evacuated from the stomach of g. morhua at a rate similar to the value estimated from conspecifics kept d ... | 2012 | 22380555 |
| high-speed weight estimation of whole herring (clupea harengus) using 3d machine vision. | weight is an important parameter by which the price of whole herring (clupea harengus) is determined. current mechanical weight graders are capable of a high throughput but have a relatively low accuracy. for this reason, there is a need for a more accurate high-speed weight estimation of whole herring. a 3-dimensional (3d) machine vision system was developed for high-speed weight estimation of whole herring. the system uses a 3d laser triangulation system above a conveyor belt moving at a speed ... | 2011 | 22417497 |
| toxicity of crude oil chemically dispersed in a wave tank to embryos of atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | tests of crude oil toxicity to fish are often chronic, exposing embryos from fertilization to hatch to oil solutions prepared using standard mixing procedures. however, during oil spills, fish are not often exposed for long periods and the dynamic nature of the ocean is not easily replicated in the lab. our objective was to determine if brief exposures of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) embryos to dispersed oil prepared by standard mixing procedures was as toxic as oil dispersed in a more rea ... | 2012 | 22488782 |
| development and validation of a range of endogenous controls to support the implementation of practical taqman real-time pcr-based surveillance for fish diseases within aquaculture. | the use of taqman real-time pcr-based technology has recently become more frequent in the detection of pathogens in the aquaculture industry. this interest has necessitated the development of robust and reliable pathogen-detection assays. the development of a range of endogenous control assays to be run alongside these diagnostic assays works to further increase confidence in the latter. this study describes the design of a range of endogenous control assays based on the elongation factor 1-α (e ... | 2012 | 22524565 |
| lesion bacterial communities in american lobsters with diet-induced shell disease. | in southern new england, usa, shell disease affects the profitability of the american lobster homarus americanus fishery. in laboratory trials using juvenile lobsters, exclusive feeding of herring clupea harengus induces shell disease typified initially by small melanized spots that progress into distinct lesions. amongst a cohabitated, but segregated, cohort of 11 juvenile lobsters fed exclusively herring, bacterial communities colonizing spots and lesions were investigated by denaturing gradie ... | 2012 | 22535872 |
| range compensation for backscattering measurements in the difference-frequency nearfield of a parametric sonar. | measurement of acoustic backscattering properties of targets requires removal of the range dependence of echoes. this process is called range compensation. for conventional sonars making measurements in the transducer farfield, the compensation removes effects of geometrical spreading and absorption. for parametric sonars consisting of a parametric acoustic transmitter and a conventional-sonar receiver, two additional range dependences require compensation when making measurements in the nonline ... | 2012 | 22559347 |
| survey of persistent organochlorine contaminants (pcdd, pcdf, and pcb) in fish collected from the polish baltic fishing areas. | concentrations and congener-specific profiles of pcdds, pcdfs, dl-pcbs, and ndl-pcbs were determined in five species of edible fish from the baltic sea (ices 24-27): salmon (salmo salar), baltic herring (clupea harengus membras), sprat (sprattus sprattus balticus), sea trout (salmo trutta m.trutta), and cod (gadus morhua callarias). marker pcbs were the dominant compounds (0.07-60.84 ng/g w.w.), followed by dl-pcbs (0.64-6.07 pg who-teq/g w.w.) and pcdd/pcdfs (0.22-5.67 pg who-teq w.w). the conc ... | 2012 | 22593715 |
| environmental selection on transcriptome-derived snps in a high gene flow marine fish, the atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | high gene flow is considered the norm for most marine organisms and is expected to limit their ability to adapt to local environments. few studies have directly compared the patterns of differentiation at neutral and selected gene loci in marine organisms. we analysed a transcriptome-derived panel of 281 snps in atlantic herring (clupea harengus), a highly migratory small pelagic fish, for elucidating neutral and selected genetic variation among populations and to identify candidate genes for en ... | 2012 | 22694661 |
| changes in salt solubility and microstructure of proteins from herring (clupea harengus) after ph-shift processing. | salt solubility of ph-shift isolated herring (clupea harengus) muscle proteins was studied in relation to ph exposure and microstructure using transmission electron microscopy (tem). using protein solubilization at ph 11.2 with subsequent precipitation at ph 5.5, salt solubility of the proteins decreased from 78 to 17%. by precipitating the alkali-solubilized proteins at the ph of native herring muscle, 6.5, salt solubility only decreased to 59%, proving that ph values between 6.5 and 5.5 affect ... | 2012 | 22746669 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to igm of pacific herring (clupea pallasii). | pacific herring (clupea pallasii) have a central role in the north pacific ecosystem as a forage fish species and are natural reservoirs of several important finfish pathogens, including viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv). here, we report the identification of the gene encoding the immunoglobulin mu (igm) heavy chain, as well as the development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that specifically react with pacific herring igm. pacific herring immunoglobulin was purified ... | 2012 | 22771742 |
| fish pollution with anthropogenic 137cs in the southern baltic sea. | this paper presents the results of a study on changes in (137)cs activity concentrations in three fish species from the southern baltic sea: cod (gadus morhua), herring (clupea harengus) and flounder (platichtys flesus), in the period 2000-2010. during the study period a marked decline in cesium activity concentration in fish muscle tissue was observed, which reflected changes in radionuclide activity concentration in seawater. no statistically significant temporal trends were determined in chan ... | 2013 | 22863062 |
| snp discovery using next generation transcriptomic sequencing in atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | the introduction of next generation sequencing (ngs) has revolutionised population genetics, providing studies of non-model species with unprecedented genomic coverage, allowing evolutionary biologists to address questions previously far beyond the reach of available resources. furthermore, the simple mutation model of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) permits cost-effective high-throughput genotyping in thousands of individuals simultaneously. genomic resources are scarce for the atlantic ... | 2012 | 22879907 |
| sensory properties of frozen herring (clupea harengus) from different catch seasons and locations. | freezing of herring (clupea harengus) for human consumption is increasing in the nordic herring industry, either onboard the fishing vessels or right after landing. the quality of frozen herring as a raw material does not only depend on the frozen storage conditions applied, but also on compositional features, something which in turn can vary with season and catching ground. to unravel the link between biological variations, basic muscle composition, and sensory properties of frozen herring, a u ... | 2012 | 22900757 |
| fourteen new microsatellite markers for atlantic herring clupea harengus. | fourteen new microsatellite loci were developed and tested on atlantic herring clupea harengus with 39 individuals from iceland and 49 individuals from norway. the microsatellites, which contain di, tri and tetranucleotide repeats, are polymorphic (7-30 alleles), with observed heterozygosity ranging between 0·69 and 1·00 and expected heterozygosity between 0·55 and 0·97. | 2012 | 22957880 |
| evolution of type ii antifreeze protein genes in teleost fish: a complex scenario involving lateral gene transfers and episodic directional selection. | i examined hypotheses about lateral transfer of type ii antifreeze protein (afp) genes among "distantly" related teleost fish. the effects of episodic directional selection on amino acid evolution were also investigated. the strict consensus results showed that the type ii afp and type ii antifreeze-like protein genes were transferred from osmerus mordax to clupea harengus, from the ancestral lineage of the brachyopsis rostratus-hemitripterus americanus clade to the ancestor of the hypomesus nip ... | 2012 | 23032610 |
| optimization of the pepsin digestion method for anisakids inspection in the fishing industry. | during the last 50 years human anisakiasis has been rising while parasites have increased their prevalence at determined fisheries becoming an emergent major public health problem. although artificial enzymatic digestion procedure by codex (stan 244-2004: standard for salted atlantic herring and salted sprat) is the recommended protocol for anisakids inspection, no international agreement has been achieved in veterinary and scientific digestion protocols to regulate this growing source of biolog ... | 2013 | 23044250 |
| evidence for an ontogenetic change from pre-programmed to meal-responsive cck production in atlantic herring, clupea harengus l. | the effects of up to three days of food deprivation on the cholecystokinin (cck)-producing cells in the atlantic herring gut were assessed by quantifying the number of cells detected by in situ hybridization at three ontogenetic stages. in feeding larvae that still possessed yolk-sacs (2 and 8days after hatch, dah), intestinal cck expression appeared to be maintained regardless of external nutritional conditions. in 30 dah-old herring larvae with well-established exogenous feeding only, very few ... | 2013 | 23063626 |
| structural analysis of ca²⁺ dependent and ca²⁺ independent type ii antifreeze proteins: a comparative molecular dynamics simulation study. | comparative molecular dynamics simulations of ca²⁺ dependent psychrophilic type ii antifreeze protein (afp) from herring (clupea harengus) (hafp) and ca²⁺ dependent type ii antifreeze protein from long snout poacher (brachyopsis rostratus) (lpafp) have been performed for 10 ns each at five different temperatures. we have tried to investigate whether the ca²⁺ dependent protein obtains any advantage in nature over the independent one. to this end the dynamic properties of these two proteins have b ... | 2012 | 23079646 |
| [phylogeography of pacific herring clupea pallasii from eurasian seas]. | eleven samples of pacific herring from the four seas of eurasia (sea of japan, sea of okhotsk, bering sea, and white sea), and one sample of atlantic herring were analyzed. complete and partial sequences of the mtdna control region with the sizes up to 1071 bp were used. to verify the haplogroups identified, additional sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase i gene was performed. it was demonstrated that pacific herring from the seas of eurasia belonged to one mitochondrial haplogroup. the gene flo ... | 2012 | 23113337 |
| population-scale sequencing reveals genetic differentiation due to local adaptation in atlantic herring. | the atlantic herring (clupea harengus), one of the most abundant marine fishes in the world, has historically been a critical food source in northern europe. it is one of the few marine species that can reproduce throughout the brackish salinity gradient of the baltic sea. previous studies based on few genetic markers have revealed a conspicuous lack of genetic differentiation between geographic regions, consistent with huge population sizes and minute genetic drift. here, we present a cost-effe ... | 2012 | 23134729 |
| interactions between small pelagic fish and young cod across the north atlantic. | species interactions that play out over large spatial scales are difficult to observe, particularly in the oceans. the current lack of empirical evidence for biologically meaningful interaction parameters likely delays the application of holistic management procedures. here we estimate interactions during the early life history of fish across regions. we present separate and hierarchical bayesian models that estimate the direction and strength of interactions between atlantic cod and dominant pe ... | 2012 | 23185876 |
| estimating age at maturation and energy-based life-history traits from individual growth trajectories with nonlinear mixed-effects models. | a new method is presented to estimate individuals' (1) age at maturation, (2) energy acquisition rate, (3) energy expenditure for body maintenance, and (4) reproductive investment, and the multivariate distribution of these traits in a population. the method relies on adjusting a conceptual energy allocation model to individual growth curves using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. the method's performance was tested using simulated growth curves for a range of life-history types. individual age ... | 2013 | 23247685 |
| whole mitochondrial genome scan for population structure and selection in the atlantic herring. | marine fish, such as the atlantic herring (clupea harengus), often show a low degree of differentiation over large geographical regions. despite strong environmental gradients (salinity and temperature) in the baltic sea, population genetic studies have shown little genetic differentiation among herring in this area, but some evidence for environmentally-induced selection has been uncovered. the mitochondrial genome is a likely target for selection in this system due to its functional role in me ... | 2012 | 23259908 |
| effect of alkaline ph-shift processing on in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of herring (clupea harengus) fillets. | the effect of alkaline ph-shift processing on herring (clupea harengus) protein oxidation, salt solubility and digestibility, has been evaluated. for the latter, herring mince and ph-shift produced herring protein isolate, both raw and heat-treated, were digested using a static gastrointestinal in vitro model. the ph-shift process resulted in drastically lowered protein salt solubility and increased lipid oxidation while protein carbonyl formation was unaffected. yet, no significant differences ... | 2012 | 23265479 |
| high degree of cryptic population differentiation in the baltic sea herring clupea harengus. | marine fish species are characterized by a low degree of population differentiation at putatively neutral marker genes. this has been traditionally attributed to ecological homogeneity and a lack of obvious dispersal barriers in marine habitats, as well as to the large (effective) population sizes of most marine fish species. the herring (clupea harengus) is a case in point - the levels of population differentiation at neutral markers, even across vast geographic areas, are typically very low (f ... | 2013 | 23294045 |
| purification and properties of malic enzyme from herring clupea harengus spermatozoa. | herring spermatozoa exhibit higher activity of malic enzyme (me) than atlantic salmon (salmo salar), brown trout (salmo trutta), carp (cyprinus carpio) and african catfish (clarias gariepinus) spermatozoa. two molecular forms of me are present in herring spermatozoa: an nad-preferring malic enzyme with very high activity and an nadp-specific malic enzyme with much lower activity (ratio about 33:1). nad-preferring me was purified by chromatography on deae-sepharose, red agarose and sephadex g-200 ... | 2013 | 23313742 |
| clupeid response to stressors: the influence of environmental factors on thiaminase expression. | over the past five decades, a reproductive failure related to thiamine deficiency, referred to as thiamine deficiency complex (tdc), has been observed in valuable salmonine fishes in the great lakes and finger lakes in north america and the baltic sea in europe. the cause of tdc has been linked to the consumption of clupeid fish, which contain high levels of a thiamine-destroying enzyme called thiaminase i (hereafter referred to as "thiaminase"). high activities of thiaminase have been reported ... | 2013 | 23560604 |
| the high diversity of arsenolipids in herring fillet (clupea harengus). | arsenolipids represent a relevant step in the biosynthesis of organoarsenicals from inorganic arsenic compounds. their fate after human consumption is still uncertain. by means of a hplc-icp-ms/esi-q-tof-ms method, 16 lipid soluble arsenic compounds, including seven formerly unknown organoarsenicals, have been identified in commercial herring fillet. the structural assignment was done by exact mass and high resolution ms/ms data. this is the first identification of arsenolipids in herring (clupe ... | 2013 | 23618187 |
| detection of arsenic-containing hydrocarbons in a range of commercial fish oils by gc-icpms analysis. | the present study describes the use of a simple solid-phase extraction procedure for the extraction of arsenic-containing hydrocarbons from fish oil followed by analysis using gas chromatography (gc) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icpms). the procedure permitted the analysis of a small sample amount, and the method was applied on a range of different commercial fish oils, including oils of anchovy (engraulis ringens), atlantic herring (clupea harengus), sand eel (ammody ... | 2013 | 23620370 |
| mercury and chlorinated pesticides on the highest level of the food web as exemplified by herring from the southern baltic and african penguins from the zoo. | aquatic birds are often used as a health indicator of the marine ecosystem. african penguins living in the zoo make good research material as they form a link between the marine and the terrestrial ecosystem in terms of xenobiotic circulation. tests were performed on whole herring-the food of the penguins-as well as on bird muscle, liver, brain, eggs, feathers and guano in order to determine total mercury, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, isodrin, endosulfan isomers, endosulfan sulfate, methoxychlor, d ... | 2013 | 23687395 |
| exposure to parvalbumin allergen and aerosols among herring processing workers. | there are increasing reports of allergies and respiratory symptoms among workers in the fish processing industry, coinciding with an increasing use of high-pressure water in the processing plants. however, few studies have measured exposure in these work environments. | 2013 | 23704136 |
| a parvicapsulid (myxozoa) infecting sprattus sprattus and clupea harengus (clupeidae) in the northeast atlantic uses hydroides norvegicus (serpulidae) as invertebrate host. | a myxosporean producing actinospores of the tetractinomyxon type in hydroides norvegicus gunnerus (serpulidae) in denmark was identified as a member of the family parvicapsulidae based on small-subunit ribosomal dna (ssu rdna) sequences. myxosporean samples from various danish and norwegian marine fishes were examined with primers that detect the novel myxosporean. sprattus sprattus (linnaeus) and clupea harengus linnaeus (teleostei, clupeidae) were found to be infected. the sequences of this pa ... | 2013 | 23724734 |
| oceanographic connectivity and environmental correlates of genetic structuring in atlantic herring in the baltic sea. | marine fish often show little genetic structuring in neutral marker genes, and atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in the baltic sea are no exception; historically, very low levels of population differentiation (f st ≍ 0.002) have been found, despite a high degree of interpopulation environmental heterogeneity in salinity and temperature. recent exome sequencing and snp studies have however shown that many loci are under selection in this system. here, we combined population genetic analyses of a ... | 2013 | 23745145 |
| temporal trends in dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in baltic herring (clupea harengus). | polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (dl-pcbs) concentrations in baltic herring (clupea harengus) have been relatively stable since the mid to late 1990s. it is unclear why concentrations in baltic herring are not following the observed decreases in other environmental matrices. here, changes in long-term temporal trends in baltic herring were examined. a number of biological variables were examined alongside the temporal trends t ... | 2013 | 23806670 |
| robust identification of local adaptation from allele frequencies. | comparing allele frequencies among populations that differ in environment has long been a tool for detecting loci involved in local adaptation. however, such analyses are complicated by an imperfect knowledge of population allele frequencies and neutral correlations of allele frequencies among populations due to shared population history and gene flow. here we develop a set of methods to robustly test for unusual allele frequency patterns and correlations between environmental variables and alle ... | 2013 | 23821598 |
| detection of allergenic parvalbumin of atlantic and pacific herrings in fish products by pcr. | the conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method to detect the major allergenic protein parvalbumin beta 2 of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) and pacific herring (clupea pallasii) was developed. the specific set of primers for the amplification of the partial genomic sequence of the pvalb 2 gene encoding the main fish allergen of both herrings was designed and applied to the investigation of 24 commercial fish products. the targeted amplicon size was 189 bp of pvalb 2 gene of atlantic ... | 2013 | 23886376 |
| tracking niche variation over millennial timescales in sympatric killer whale lineages. | niche variation owing to individual differences in ecology has been hypothesized to be an early stage of sympatric speciation. yet to date, no study has tracked niche width over more than a few generations. in this study, we show the presence of isotopic niche variation over millennial timescales and investigate the evolutionary outcomes. isotopic ratios were measured from tissue samples of sympatric killer whale orcinus orca lineages from the north sea, spanning over 10 000 years. isotopic rati ... | 2013 | 23945688 |
| environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in flounder (platichthys flesus), herring (clupea harengus) and atlantic cod (gadus morhua) from chemical munitions dumping zones in the southern baltic sea. | the data on environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels as well as on genotoxicity risk in flounder (platichthys flesus), herring (clupea harengus) and cod (gadus morhua) collected in 2010-2012 at 42 stations located in chemical munitions dumping areas of the southern baltic sea are presented. the frequency of micronuclei, nuclear buds and nucleoplasmic bridges in erythrocytes was used as genotoxicity endpoint and the induction of fragmented-apoptotic, bi-nucleated and 8-shaped erythrocyt ... | 2014 | 24064039 |
| changes in the distribution of atlantic bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus) in the gulf of maine 1979-2005. | the gulf of maine, nw atlantic ocean, is a productive, seasonal foraging ground for atlantic bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus), but commercial landings of adult size classes were up to 40% below the allocated total allowable catch between 2004 to 2008 for the rod and reel, harpoon, and purse seine categories in the gulf of maine. reduction in atlantic bluefin tuna catches in the gulf of maine could represent a decline in spawning stock biomass, but given wide-ranging, complex migration patterns, an ... | 2013 | 24069420 |
| oil and oil dispersant do not cause synergistic toxicity to fish embryos. | atlantic herring (clupea harengus) embryos were exposed to water accommodated fractions (wafs; oil dissolved in water) and chemically enhanced water accommodated fractions (cewafs; oil dispersed in water with corexit 9500a) of medium south american (mesa) crude oil. the cewaf was approximately 100-fold more toxic than waf based on nominal loadings of test solutions (% v/v). in contrast, the ratio of waf and cewaf toxicity expressed as measured oil concentrations approximated 1.0, indicating that ... | 2014 | 24115182 |
| smelling danger - alarm cue responses in the polychaete nereis (hediste) diversicolor (müller, 1776) to potential fish predation. | the harbour ragworm, nereis (hediste) diversicolor is a common intertidal marine polychaete that lives in burrows from which it has to partially emerge in order to forage. in doing so, it is exposed to a variety of predators. one way in which predation risk can be minimised is through chemical detection from within the relative safety of the burrows. using cctv and motion capture software, we show that h. diversicolor is able to detect chemical cues associated with the presence of juvenile floun ... | 2013 | 24155953 |