Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| identification of grass carp haemorrhage virus as a new genogroup of aquareovirus. | three aquareovirus strains isolated from grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idellus), geoduck clams (panope abrupta) and herring (clupea harengus) in north america and asia were examined by rna-rna blot hybridization to determine their genogroup. the isolates from clams and herring were identified as members of genogroup a, but the isolate from grass carp did not hybridize to any of the known genogroups, suggesting that this virus probably represents a new, seventh genogroup. | 1999 | 10501493 |
| differences in prey selection and behaviour during self-feeding and chick provisioning in rhinoceros auklets. | we determined whether a marine diving bird, the rhinoceros auklet, cerorhinca monocerata, used different foraging behaviour and collected different prey items for its young than when feeding itself. foraging behaviour was determined by conducting visual scans, and prey items were sampled by collecting fish delivered to chicks and by collecting fish where auklets were self-feeding, which was verified by two other sources of information. adult auklets ate small fish (59.1+/-0.5 mm, n=547), includi ... | 1999 | 10512659 |
| microsatellite dna analysis of population structure in atlantic herring (clupea harengus), with direct comparison to allozyme and mtdna rflp analyses. | previous attempts to test for small-scale stock structuring within atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.) with molecular markers have been hampered by uninformative levels of genetic variation. here we report the first application of microsatellite dna markers to investigate population subdivision in atlantic herring from norwegian waters and the barents sea, and also examine microsatellite differentiation between c. harengus and pacific herring (c. pallasi). results from four microsatellite loci ... | 1999 | 10583552 |
| effects of season and processing on oil content and fatty acids of baltic herring (clupea harengus membras). | fatty acid composition, oil content, free fatty acid content, and peroxide value of baltic herring (clupea harengus membras) and two processed products (fried fillets and fish burgers) were investigated. the highest oil content of the fillets was found in autumn (10%), at the time when the free fatty acids had their minimum (1.4%). the main fatty acids were oleic (18-23%), palmitic (17%), palmitoleic (8-12%), and docosahexaeneoic (8-10%) acids. the proportion of saturated fatty acids was a const ... | 2000 | 11141273 |
| growth and emigration of third-stage larvae of hysterothylacium aduncum (nematoda: anisakidae) in larval herring clupea harengus. | the growth and emigration of hystherothylacium aduncum in laboratory-reared herring larvae clupea harengus was studied. experimental infections of 36-day-old herring larvae resulted in 126 hosts infected with 306 h. aduncum larvae. regression analyses showed a significant worm emigration from the rectum to the head of the fish, accompanied by an increase in worm body length. the emigration was independent of worm intensity, which suggests an ontogenetic process. some worms departed from this pat ... | 2000 | 11191903 |
| primary structure and function of three gonadotropin-releasing hormones, including a novel form, from an ancient teleost, herring. | the evolution of gnrh and the role of multiple forms within the brain are examined. three forms of gnrh were purified from the brain of pacific herring (clupea harengus pallasi) and characterized using edman degradation and mass spectrometry. two forms correspond with the known structures of chicken gnrh-ii and salmon gnrh that are found in many vertebrate species. the third form, designated herring gnrh (hrgnrh), has a primary structure of pglu-his-trp-ser-his-gly-leu-ser-pro-gly-nh2. this nove ... | 2000 | 10650929 |
| the influence of salinity and temperature change on the functioning of the urinary bladder in the early larval stages of the atlantic herring clupea harengus l. | major changes in the morphology of the urinary bladder were observed during the transition from yolk-sac to feeding larval stages of herring, in particular bladder volume increased almost sixfold. initially, the urine flowed into the hindgut, but within days of hatching a separate urinary duct, leading to the exterior, had formed. micturation was intermittent but quite regular. the period between micturations increased from 1.6 to 4 min in the progression between the two larval stages. the disch ... | 2000 | 10607551 |
| killer whales (orcinus orca) feeding on schooling herring (clupea harengus) using underwater tail-slaps: kinematic analyses of field observations. | killer whales (orcinus orca) feeding on herring (clupea harengus) in a fjord in northern norway were observed using underwater video. the whales cooperatively herded herring into tight schools close to the surface. during herding and feeding, killer whales swam around and under a school of herring, periodically lunging at it and stunning the herring by slapping them with the underside of their flukes while completely submerged. the kinematics of tail-slapping were analysed in detail. tail-slaps ... | 2000 | 10607538 |
| effect of a low-fat diet on body composition and blubber fatty acids of captive juvenile harp seals (phoca groenlandica). | we investigated the effects of a change from a high-fat diet to a low-fat diet of differing fatty acid (fa) composition on the body composition and blubber fa of five captive juvenile harp seals. seals that had been maintained for 1 yr on a diet of atlantic herring (>/=9% fat) were switched to a diet of atlantic pollock (1. 7% fat) for 30 d. on days 0, 14, and 30, mass and body composition (using isotope dilution) were measured, and blubber biopsies (5 cmx6 mm) were taken for fa analysis. fat ac ... | 2000 | 10685906 |
| relationship between ultrastructure and the nanoindentation properties of intramuscular herring bones. | the nanoindentation technique was used to characterize the indentation modulus of intramuscular herring bone (clupea harengus) along its length, from early to fully mineralized regions. both the indentation modulus and modulus anisotropy ratio, indentation modulus longitudinally/indentation modulus transversely, increased nonmonotonically with mineralization, from 1.1 in the early stages of mineralization to 2.1 in the fully mineralized region. the indentation modulus in the fully mineralized re ... | 2001 | 11853259 |
| low-temperature increases the yield of biologically active herring antifreeze protein in pichia pastoris. | antifreeze proteins and antifreeze glycoproteins are structurally diverse molecules that share a common property in binding to ice crystals and inhibiting ice crystal growth. type ii fish antifreeze protein of atlantic herring (clupea harengus harengus) is unique in its requirement of ca(2+) for antifreeze activity. in this study, we utilized the secretion vector pgapzalpha a to express recombinant herring antifreeze protein (wt) and a fusion protein with a c-terminal six-histidine tag (wt-6h) i ... | 2001 | 11281719 |
| haplotype frequency distribution and discriminatory power of two mtdna fragments in a marine pelagic teleost (atlantic herring, clupea harengus). | two regions of the mtdna of atlantic herring (clupea harengus), nd3/4 and nd5/6, were surveyed by rflp analysis to assess the effects of marker variability on the power of statistical tests. although haplotype diversity was similar, marked differences in the number of common haplotypes were observed between the two regions, with nd3/4 having a more even distribution of haplotype frequencies. nd3/4 also revealed higher differentiation among samples than nd5/6, similar to previously published micr ... | 2001 | 11903557 |
| experimental infections of copepods and sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus with small ensheathed and large third-stage larvae of anisakis simplex (nematoda, ascaridoidea, anisakidae). | free-swimming ensheathed larvae of anisakis simplex were shown experimentally to be ingested by the copepods oitona similis and acartia tonsa and by the nauplii of barnacles balanus sp. the larvae did not grow in the copepod hemocoel. experimental infections of various malacostracans were unsuccessful. sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus are naturally infected with larvae of a. simplex in coastal brackish water. such sticklebacks may have acquired the infection by eating either a crustacean host ... | 2001 | 11199846 |
| purification and characterization of cathepsin d from herring muscle (clupea harengus). | cathepsin d was purified and concentrated 469-fold from a homogenate of clupea harengus muscle. the purified enzyme is a monomer with a molecular weight of 38000-39000. it is inhibited by pepstatin and has optimal activity at ph 2.5 with hemoglobin as the substrate. the isoelectric point is at ph 6.8. glycosidase treatment and binding to concanavalin a indicated that the enzyme contains one n-linked carbohydrate moiety of the high-mannose type per molecule. the first 21 amino acid residues of th ... | 2001 | 11207447 |
| trends in the maternal investment of harbour porpoises are uncoupled from the dynamics of their primary prey. | harbour porpoises in the bay of fundy and gulf of maine feed primarily on atlantic herring. herring stocks have undergone dramatic fluctuations in abundance over the past three decades due to changes in fishing intensity. in order to understand the effects of these changes in prey abundance on the patterns of maternal investment, i examined interdecadal variation in the size of porpoise calves measured in august prior to weaning. female harbour porpoises exhibited significant variation in matern ... | 2001 | 11297173 |
| concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in fish downstream from a ky-5 manufacturing. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs) were studied in seven fish species, burbot (lota lota), pike (esox lucius), perch (perca fluviatilis), pikeperch (stizopedion lucioperca), bream (abramis brama), salmon (salmo salar) and baltic herring (clupea harengus membras) in river kymijoki and its estuary polluted by ky-5 manufacturing. the fish were caught at 14 localities along the river and its estuary. the selected species represent different trophic levels ... | 2001 | 11372842 |
| comparative karyological studies on the species of eubothrium nybelin, 1922 (cestoda: pseudophyllidea). | karyotypes of eubothrium salvelini, e. crassum and eubothrium sp. were studied using conventional giemsa staining and comparative karyometric analysis. the karyotypes, reported here for the first time, consist of eight chromosome pairs. the two first pairs of homologues are metacentric and markedly larger than the remaining elements. the obvious similarity in karyotype structure does not exclude the possibility of discriminating e. salvelini and e. crassum using karyotypic characters. the best c ... | 2001 | 11586081 |
| embryonic temperature and the relative timing of muscle-specific genes during development in herring (clupea harengus l.). | temperature influences many aspects of muscle development in herring (clupea harengus). in clyde herring, myofibril synthesis occurred later with respect to somite stage in embryos reared at 5 degrees c compared with 12 degrees c. the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the relative timing of expression of myogenic regulatory factors (mrfs) and myosin heavy chain (myhc) transcripts changes with developmental temperature. reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (rt-pc ... | 2001 | 11719529 |
| distribution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in wild fish species of the north sea, north east atlantic ocean and irish sea. | a surveillance programme was initiated on the occurrence and distribution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in wild marine fish. six research cruises were undertaken in an 18 mo period during 1997 and 1998, covering the north sea, the atlantic waters off the north and west coasts of scotland and the irish sea. a total of 19,293 fish were sampled from 23 different species including cod, haddock, norway pout, herring and sprat. individual fish lengths were recorded and the fish were c ... | 2001 | 11775798 |
| characterization of rainbow trout cell lines using microsatellite dna profiling. | ten microsatellite loci (omy27du,omy325(a3)uog, omyfgt5tuf,omyfgt14tuf, omyfgt15tuf,omyfgt23tuf, omy77du,ssa20.19nuig, ots1bml, andone18asc) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction to create genetic profiles for nine cell lines (rtg-2, rth-149,rtl-w1,rtgill-w1, rts-11, rts-34st, rtp-2, rtp-91e and rtp-91f) from rainbow trout(oncorhynchus mykiss) and one cell line (chse-214) from chinook salmon (o. tschawytscha). a cell line (phl) from anon-salmonid, the pacific herring (clupea harengu ... | 2001 | 19002917 |
| vitamins a1 and a2 in hepatic tissue and subcellular fractions in mink feeding on fish-based diets and exposed to aroclor 1242. | two-month-old female mink were fed diets based on either baltic herring (clupea harengus membras) or freshwater smelt (osmerus eperlanus) for 21 weeks. a portion of the smelt-fed mink were exposed orally to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), aroclor 1242 (1 mg/d). retinol (vitamin a1), 3,4-didehydroretinol (vitamin a2), and their different fatty acyl esters were studied in hepatic tissue, microsomes, and cytosol by argentated reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. as a result of a ... | 2002 | 11833811 |
| recovery of functional proteins from herring (clupea harengus) light muscle by an acid or alkaline solubilization process. | proteins from herring (clupea harengus) light muscle were extracted using acidic or alkaline solubilization; 92 and 89% of the initial muscle proteins were solubilized at ph 2.7 and 10.8, respectively, of which 96 and 94% were recovered during precipitation at ph 5.5. consistency of the ph-adjusted muscle homogenates increased with increased raw material age and homogenization intensity; it declined following holding on ice. some hydrolytic myofibrillar protein degradation occurred during cold s ... | 2002 | 12452661 |
| seasonal changes in crude and lipid composition of herring fillets, byproducts, and respective produced oils. | crude and fatty acid composition analyses were performed on fillets, byproducts, and oil originating from herring (clupea harengus) caught off the north sea from june 1999 to january 2001. monthly statistical differences were found in the fat content, the range of variation being larger in fillets than in byproducts. the most consistent change observed in fillets was an increase of unsaturation from may to september reflected in a reduced percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids, whereas for by ... | 2002 | 12137481 |
| chitosan as an edible invisible film for quality preservation of herring and atlantic cod. | the effect of chitosan with different molecular weights as coatings for shelf-life extension of fresh fillets of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) and herring (clupea harengus) was evaluated over a 12-day storage at refrigerated temperature (4 +/- 1 degrees c). three chitosan preparations from snow crab (chinoecetes opilio) processing wastes, differing in viscosities and molecular weights, were prepared; their apparent viscosities (360, 57, and 14 cp) depended on the deacetylation time (4, 10, and 20 ... | 2002 | 12188625 |
| subchronic toxicity of baltic herring oil and its fractions in the rat i: fractionation and levels of organohalogen pollutants. | baltic herring (clupea harengus) oil was extracted and fractionated. to examine the contribution to toxicity and biological effects of different halogenated organic pollutants, the herring oil and the fractions were mixed into pelleted food and given to sprague-dawley female rats at three levels, corresponding to a human intake of 1.6, 8.2 and 34.4 kg fish per week. herring oil, its fractions, as well as liver tissues from exposed rats, were analyzed for: eight chlorinated biphenyls, all 2,3,7,8 ... | 2002 | 12570029 |
| multivariate analysis of the bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in the marine pelagic food web from the southern part of the baltic sea, poland. | the concentration, pattern, bioaccumulation and biomagnification features of many chlorobiphenyl congeners including non- and mono-ortho chlorine substituted members have been determined in a pelagic food chain including mixed phyto- and zooplankton, herring (clupea harengus), harbour porpoise (phocoena phocoena) and black cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) collected from the southern part of the baltic proper. tcdd (tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) toxic equivalents (teqs) in plankton, herri ... | 2002 | 12509047 |
| determination of semivolatile compounds in baltic herring (clupea harengus membras) by supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | the on-line supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography-gas chromatography method was applied to the determination of volatile compounds of raw and baked baltic herring (clupea harengus membras). the analytes were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide at 45 degrees c and 10 mpa pressure. after extraction, the volatiles and coeluted lipids were separated on-line using supercritical fluid chromatography and the volatile fraction was introduced directly into a gas chroma ... | 2002 | 11902942 |
| subchronic toxicity of baltic herring oil and its fractions in the rat ii: clinical observations and toxicological parameters. | this study aimed to increase the knowledge about the toxicity of fish-derived organohalogen pollutants in mammals. the strategy chosen was to separate organohalogen pollutants derived from baltic herring (clupea harengus) fillet, in order to obtain fractions with differing proportions of identified and unidentified halogenated pollutants, and to perform a subchronic toxicity study in rats, essentially according to the oecd guidelines, at three dose levels. nordic sea lodda (mallotus villosus) oi ... | 2002 | 12570030 |
| the effect of progressive hypoxia on school structure and dynamics in atlantic herring clupea harengus. | the effect of progressive hypoxia on the structure and dynamics of herring (clupea harengus) schools in laboratory conditions was investigated. the length, width and depth of schools of about 20 individuals were measured from video recordings to test the hypothesis that during hypoxia fish schools change their shape and volume. school shape (calculated as the ratios of length/depth, width/depth and length/width) did not change significantly during hypoxia. school length, width, depth, area and v ... | 2002 | 12396484 |
| sublethal effects of orimulsion-400 on eggs and larvae of atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.). | orimulsion-400 is a novel bitumen-emulsion power plant fuel. we exposed atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.) eggs to 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/l concentrations of an oil-in-water dispersion of orimulsion-400 for a 24-h period. no significant differences were found in daily mortality or percent hatch. the 1,000 mg/l exposure resulted in a significantly higher incidence of premature hatch, indicated by significantly shorter incubation time, significantly smaller total length and notochor ... | 2003 | 14713048 |
| enzyme activities in fish spermatozoa with focus on lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes from herring clupea harengus. | the activities of nad- and nadp-dependent dehydrogenases and creatine kinase were compared in extracts of spermatozoa from herring (clupea harengus), carp (cyprinus carpio) and catfish (clarias gariepinus). the activity of malic enzyme in herring spermatozoa was approximately 5 and 36 times higher than in carp and catfish spermatozoa. in contrast, lactate dehydrogenase activity in herring spermatozoa was very low. herring spermatozoa possess two isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase: ldh-a(2)b(2) ... | 2003 | 12628371 |
| importance of the kidneys in metabolism of vitamins a1 and a2 and their fatty acyl esters in mink feeding on fish-based diets and exposed to aroclor 1242. | two-month-old female mink (mustela vison) were fed diets based on freshwater smelt (osmerus eperlanus), baltic herring (clupea harengus membras), or north-atlantic herring (clupea harengus harengus) for 21 weeks. half of the smelt-fed mink were exposed to the commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) preparation aroclor 1242 (1 mg/day) in the feed. retinol (vitamin a(1)), 3,4-didehydroretinol (vitamin a(2)), their fatty acyl esters, and vitamin e were studied in the kidneys by reversed-phase hig ... | 2003 | 12649044 |
| effect of microcystis aeruginosa and nodularia spumigena on survival of eurytemora affinis and the embryonic and larval development of the baltic herring clupea harengus membras. | laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of two strains of microcystis aeruginosa and a strain of nodularia spumigena on the survival of eurytemora affinis (copepoda) and on the embryonic and larval development of the baltic spring-spawning herring clupea harengus membras. the trials were made in water taken from pärnu bay, at a salinity of 3.7-5.1 psu, a constant temperature (15 degrees c +/- 1 degrees c in trials with eurytemora and herring embryos; 18 degrees c +/- 2 ... | 2003 | 12900942 |
| trophic interactions under climate fluctuations: the atlantic puffin as an example. | co-occurrence in food requirements of offspring and food availability is a key factor determining breeding success. prey availability is typically dependent on environmental conditions that are different from those influencing the predator's decision regarding whether or not to initiate breeding, and is not always optimal at the peak of reproduction requirements. we investigated this relationship to understand better what determines the fledging success of the atlantic puffin (fratercula arctica ... | 2003 | 12965010 |
| quantitative determination of creatine kinase release from herring (clupea harengus) spermatozoa induced by tributyltin. | creatine kinase (ck, atp creatine phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.3.2) is an enzyme participating in atp regeneration, which is the primary source of energy in living organisms. we demonstrated that ck from herring spermatozoa has high activity ( approximately 452 micromol/min/g of fresh semen) and has a different electrophoretic mobility from isoenzymes present in skeletal muscle. in our study, we investigated toxic effect of tributyltin (tbt) on herring spermatozoa using a specific sperm viability ... | 2003 | 12600680 |
| consistency and solubility changes in herring (clupea harengus) light muscle homogenates as a function of ph. | fish muscle proteins can be isolated from a variety of low-value raw materials by solubilization in either acid or base. if the consistency of the resulting solution is sufficiently low, it is possible to recover most of the solubilized proteins and remove most of the lipids by centrifugation. lipid removal should greatly stabilize the isolated proteins. in a previous investigation into the use of herring for production of these protein isolates, it was observed that this species had particularl ... | 2003 | 12822935 |
| four years of monitoring for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in marine waters around the united kingdom. | between 1995 and 1998, marine fish from around the coast of the uk were collected and samples analysed for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) using cell culture isolation methods. in 1997 and 1998 the samples were also analysed for vhsv by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr). a total of 1867 fish of 11 species were tested, but vhsv was isolated on only 1 occasion, from herring clupea harengus, in 1996. however, despite vhsv not being isolated in 1997 and 1998, in both years samples of he ... | 2003 | 12803381 |
| seabirds as indicators of changes in marine ecosystems: ecological monitoring on machias seal island. | changes in marine ecosystems can be manifested in many different ways, on different temporal and spatial scales. seabirds are top consumers in marine foodwebs and offer opportunities to detect and assess the biological effects of changes in physical parameters (sea-surface temperature [sst], salinity, depth of thermocline etc.) of the marine ecosystem. we compare six-eight years' of data on the biology (diet, and breeding success) of four species of seabird (arctic tern sterna paradisaea and com ... | 2003 | 14570414 |
| lipid oxidation in herring fillets (clupea harengus) during ice storage measured by a commercial hybrid gas-sensor array system. | volatile compounds released from herring fillets (clupea harengus) during 15 days of storage on ice have been measured with a commercial hybrid gas-sensor array system. using partial least-squares regression modeling, the sensor responses were correlated with data from chemical analyses (lipid oxidation products and antioxidants) and sensory analyses (odor). eight of the 16 sensors proved significant in the correlation studies: 6 metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (mosfet) sensors ... | 2003 | 12537453 |
| pseudobacciger harengulae from the atlantic herring clupea harengus: a new host and locality record. | during the summer and autumn of 1994, 1995 and 1996, 406 juvenile herring caught off the swedish west coast were examined for parasites. amongst those found was the digenean pseudobacciger harengulae, which represents new host and locality records for this parasite. pseudobacciger harengulae has been reported from several species of clupeiformes, mostly from tropical and temperate regions of the atlantic, pacific and indian oceans. the morphology of p. harengulae is described and compared with e ... | 2003 | 12590668 |
| competition among fishermen and fish causes the collapse of barents sea capelin. | the vast majority of the world's fisheries are typically managed within a single-species perspective, ignoring the dynamic feedback mechanisms generated by the ecological web of which they are a part. here we show that the dynamics of the barents sea capelin (mallotus villosus), the world's largest stock of this species, is strongly influenced by both within-system ecological feedback mechanisms and the impact of harvesting. both overexploitation and predation by herring (clupea harengus) can ca ... | 2004 | 15286282 |
| properties of protein powders from arrowtooth flounder (atheresthes stomias) and herring (clupea harengus) byproducts. | functional, nutritional, and thermal properties of freeze-dried protein powders (fpp) from whole herring (whp), herring body (hbp), herring head (hhp), herring gonad (hgp), and arrowtooth flounder fillets (afp) were evaluated. the fpp samples have desirable nutritional and functional properties and contained 63-81.4% protein. all fpp samples had desirable essential amino acid profiles and mineral contents. the emulsifying and fat adsorption capacities of all fpp samples were higher than those of ... | 2004 | 15291472 |
| bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone (bcps) in swedish marine and fresh water wildlife-a screening study. | bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone (bcps) is a high production volume chemical (hpvc) applied in thermostable polymers. bcps has been detected as an environmental contaminant both in europe and in north america but it is still not a commonly studied pollutant. in this study, three baltic sea fish species; herring (clupea harengus), salmon (salmo salar) and perch (perca fluviatilis) from the swedish coast, and one inland fish species, arctic char (salvelinus alpinus), were analysed to screen for the occ ... | 2004 | 15051243 |
| fish, fishing, and pollutant reduction in the baltic sea. | the baltic sea is heavily polluted yet supports major commercial fisheries for cod (gadus morhua), herring (clupea harengus), and sprat (sprattus sprattus). emissions of persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and ddt, were high during the 1960s and 1970s, and concentrations in fish and other fauna are still significant. several models of the fluxes of these pollutants among the water, sediment, and atmosphere have been developed, but these generally omit the role ... | 2004 | 15112795 |
| inhibition by tributyltin of herring skeletal muscle lactate dehydrogenase activity. | the activity of herring (clupea harengus) skeletal muscle lactate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.27) ldh-a4 isoenzyme was examined in the presence of tributyltin chloride (tbt). this paper reports the in vitro inhibition of ldh activity with increasing concentration of tbt. bovine serum albumin (bsa) added to the ldh-a4 isoenzyme prior to the addition of tbt was able to protect enzyme activity against inhibition by this toxicant. the observed protection of ldh-a4 activity increased with increasing bsa ... | 2004 | 15228948 |
| molecular and morphological comparisons between gyrodactylus ostendicus n. sp. (monogenea: gyrodactylidae) on pomatoschistus microps (krøyer) and g. harengi malmberg, 1957 on clupea harengus membras l. | gyrodactylus ostendicus n. sp. was exclusively found on fins of the common goby pomatoschistus microps (krøyer). the haptoral hard parts are among the smallest described for species of gyrodactylus. a presumed similarity between the new species and g. harengi malmberg, 1957 (subgenus metanephrotus malmberg, 1964) encouraged a comparative approach. a morphological analysis showed the marginal hook sickles of g. ostendicus to be of quite a different type and similar to those of g. arcuatus bychows ... | 2004 | 15449826 |
| the role of ca2+-coordinating residues of herring antifreeze protein in antifreeze activity. | the type ii antifreeze protein of atlantic herring (clupea harengus harengus) requires ca(2+) as a cofactor to inhibit the growth of ice crystals. on the basis of homology modeling with ca(2+)-dependent lectin domains, five residues of herring antifreeze protein (hafp) are predicted to be involved in ca(2+) binding: q92, d94, e99, n113, and d114. the role of e99, however, is less certain. a previous study on a double mutant epn of hafp suggested that the ca(2+)-binding site of hafp was the ice-b ... | 2004 | 15544325 |
| analysis of the soluble matrix of vaterite otoliths of juvenile herring (clupea harengus): do crystalline otoliths have less protein? | otoliths are calcium carbonate concretions laid down in the inner ear of fish and used in fish age estimation. otoliths precipitate in the form of aragonite but aberrant precipitation may result in vaterite formation instead of aragonite. vaterite otoliths are more translucent than aragonite. the quantity of hcl-soluble proteins (sp) was measured in the vaterite otoliths and their aragonite pairs of one year old reared herring clupea harengus to assess the changes induced by the precipitation of ... | 2004 | 15556385 |
| lack of evidence of infectious salmon anemia virus in pollock pollachius virens cohabitating with infected farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar. | the infectious salmon anemia (isa) virus causes lethargy, anemia, hemorrhage of the internal organs, and death in farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar. it has been a cause of disease in norwegian farmed atlantic salmon since 1984 and has since been identified in canada, scotland, the united states, and the faroe islands. wild fish have been proposed as a viral reservoir because they are capable of close contact with farmed salmon. laboratory studies have shown that brown trout and sea trout salmo ... | 2004 | 15584421 |
| pacific and atlantic herring produce burst pulse sounds. | the commercial importance of pacific and atlantic herring (clupea pallasii and clupea harengus) has ensured that much of their biology has received attention. however, their sound production remains poorly studied. we describe the sounds made by captive wild-caught herring. pacific herring produce distinctive bursts of pulses, termed fast repetitive tick (frt) sounds. these trains of broadband pulses (1.7-22 khz) lasted between 0.6 s and 7.6 s. most were produced at night; feeding regime did not ... | 2004 | 15101430 |
| separation of membranes from acid-solubilized fish muscle proteins with the aid of calcium ions and organic acids. | calcium chloride, and to a lesser extent mgcl2, aided in the separation of membranes by centrifugation from cod (gadus morhua) muscle homogenates solubilized at ph 3 in the presence of citric acid or malic acid but not lactic acid. adding citric acid and ca2+ before solubilizing the cod muscle homogenates was needed for the effect. at 1 mm citric acid, 70-80% of the phospholipid and 25-30% of the protein were removed at 10 mm ca2+. at 8 mm ca2+, citric acid showed an optimal effect on phospholip ... | 2005 | 15826052 |
| low detection efficiency of candling as a commonly recommended inspection method for nematode larvae in the flesh of pelagic fish. | the third-stage larvae of the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex commonly occur in most commercially important fish species from the north atlantic. in this study, the occurrence and site distribution of anisakis larvae in various size groups of norwegian spring spawning herring (clupea harengus), blue whiting (micromesistius poutassou), and mackerel (scomber scombrus) from the northeast atlantic was investigated. although most of the larvae were found in the abdominal cavity, the small proport ... | 2005 | 15830678 |
| genetic population structure of fishes: implications for coastal zone management. | the pattern for distribution of genetic variation within and between populations is referred to as the genetic population structure of the species. to avoid depletion of genetic resources sustainable management should be based on knowledge of this structure. we discuss key aspects of genetic population structure in the context of identifying biological units for fisheries management, suggesting three basic types of structuring: distinct populations; continuous change; and no differentiation. the ... | 2005 | 15865307 |
| meta-ecosystems and biological energy transport from ocean to coast: the ecological importance of herring migration. | ecosystems are not closed, but receive resource subsidies from other ecosystems. energy, material and organisms are moved between systems by physical vectors, but migrating animals also transport resources between systems. we report on large scale energy transport from ocean to coast by a migrating fish population, the norwegian spring-spawning (nss) herring clupea harengus. we observe a rapid body mass increase during parts of the annual, oceanic feeding migration and we use a bioenergetics mod ... | 2005 | 16195881 |
| fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins in salted herring (clupea harengus) products. | the fatty acid composition and contents of fat and fat-soluble vitamins of three salted products prepared from icelandic herring were analyzed. the effects of storage on the products over their shelf life, 6 or 12 months, were investigated. the average oil content of salted, gutted herring and salted fillets in vacuum remained constant, 17 and 12% of wet weight, respectively. in the pickled product the oil content decreased during the 12 months of storage from 13 to 12%. the composition of the p ... | 2005 | 15740028 |
| characterization of creatine kinase isoforms in herring (clupea harengus) skeletal muscle. | it is known that mitochondrial creatine kinase (mtck) in mammals is always expressed in conjunction with one of the cytosolic forms of creatine kinase (ck), either muscle-type (mm-ck) or brain-type (bb-ck) in tissues of high, sudden energy demand. the two creatine kinase (ck) isoforms were detected in herring (clupea harengus) skeletal muscle: cytosolic ck and mitochondrial ck (mtck) that displayed the different electrophoretic mobility. these isoforms differ in molecular weight and some biochem ... | 2005 | 15763518 |
| cholecystokinin mrna in atlantic herring, clupea harengus--molecular cloning, characterization, and distribution in the digestive tract during the early life stages. | the mrna of the peptide hormone cholecystokinin (cck) was isolated from juvenile atlantic herring, clupea harengus, by rt-pcr. the open reading frame encodes a 137 amino acid-long precursor protein. the peptide sequence of herring cck-8, dymgwmdf, is identical to that of higher vertebrates and elasmobranchs, and contains methionine in the sixth position from the c-terminus, which has not been reported previously in teleosts. expression analysis by in situ hybridization shows that positive endocr ... | 2005 | 15652644 |
| dynamics of blood chylomicron fatty acids in a marine carnivore: implications for lipid metabolism and quantitative estimation of predator diets. | blubber fatty acid(s) (fa) signatures can provide accurate estimates of predator diets using quantitative fa signature analysis, provided that aspects of predator fa metabolism are taken into account. because the intestinal absorption of dietary fa and their incorporation into chylomicrons (the primary transport lipoproteins for dietary fa in the blood) may influence the relationship between fa composition in the diet and adipose tissue, we investigated the metabolism of individual fa at these e ... | 2005 | 15657738 |
| marine landscapes and population genetic structure of herring (clupea harengus l.) in the baltic sea. | numerically small but statistically significant genetic differentiation has been found in many marine fish species despite very large census population sizes and absence of obvious barriers to migrating individuals. analyses of morphological traits have previously identified local spawning groups of herring (clupea harengus l.) in the environmentally heterogeneous baltic sea, whereas allozyme markers have not revealed differentiation. we analysed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 24 sampl ... | 2005 | 16101787 |
| a statistical resampling method to calculate biomagnification factors exemplified with organochlorine data from herring (clupea harengus) muscle and guillemot (uria aalge) egg from the baltic sea. | a novel method for calculating biomagnification factors is presented and demonstrated using contaminant concentration data from the swedish national monitoring program regarding organochlorine contaminants (ocs) in herring (clupea harengus) muscle and guillemot (uria aalge) egg, sampled from 1996 to 1999 from the baltic sea. with this randomly sampled ratios (rsr) method, biomagnification factors (bmf(rsr)) were generated and denoted with standard deviation (sd) as a measure of the variation. th ... | 2005 | 16294879 |
| environmental correlates of population differentiation in atlantic herring. | the marine environment is characterized by few physical barriers, and pelagic fishes commonly show high migratory potential and low, albeit in some cases statistically significant, levels of genetic divergence in neutral genetic marker analyses. however, it is not clear whether low levels of differentiation reflect spatially separated populations experiencing gene flow or shallow population histories coupled with limited random genetic drift in large, demographically isolated populations undergo ... | 2005 | 16526512 |
| acoustic characteristics of underwater tail slaps used by norwegian and icelandic killer whales (orcinus orca) to debilitate herring (clupea harengus). | norwegian killer whales debilitate prey by slapping their tails into herring schools. these underwater tail slaps produce a thud-like sound. it is unclear whether this sound is caused by cavitation and/or physical contact between herring and whale tail. also the forces causing debilitation of the fish are not understood. here we present an acoustic analysis of underwater tail slaps using a multi-channel wide (150 khz) band recording system. underwater tail slaps produced by norwegian killer whal ... | 2005 | 15939784 |
| prevalence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in danish marine fishes and its occurrence in new host species. | in order to analyse the occurrence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in the marine waters around denmark, staff from the danish institute for food and veterinary research participated in 5 research cruises during 1998 to 2002 as a follow-up to 4 research cruises performed in 1996 to 1997. in total, 16,655 fish were examined virologically as 3569 samples. forty fish species and 3 invertebrate species were represented. vhsv was isolated from 133 samples representing 8 species: herring ... | 2005 | 16231640 |
| scale analysis suggests frequent skipping of the second reproductive season in atlantic herring. | a common assumption in fish studies is that iteroparous fishes, once mature, normally reproduce in all consecutive seasons. an analysis of scales from norwegian spring-spawning herring collected between 1935 and 1973 revealed a strong under-representation (47% of expected) of second-time spawners on the spawning grounds. this reduction is not satisfactorily explained by errors in scale-reading, suggesting that the second reproductive season is frequently skipped. skipping a season may relate to ... | 2005 | 17148158 |
| preventing lipid oxidation during recovery of functional proteins from herring (clupea harengus) fillets by an acid solubilization process. | it has previously been found that a process based on solubilization at ph 2.7 gives high yields of herring muscle proteins with good functionality. in this study, the development of lipid oxidation during acid processing of herring mince was studied. it was tested how modifications of the process conditions and/or additions of antioxidants could prevent lipid oxidation during the actual process and then during ice storage of the protein isolates. processing parameters evaluated were prewash of t ... | 2005 | 15998125 |
| ocean climate prior to breeding affects the duration of the nestling period in the atlantic puffin. | time-series covering 23 years for a long-lived seabird, the atlantic puffin (fratercula arctica l.) at røst, northern norway, was used to explore any indirect effects of climatic variations on chick production. by fitting statistical models on the duration of the nestling period, we found that it may be estimated using the average sea temperature and salinity at 0-20 m depth in march (having a positive and a negative effect, respectively). we propose that when the phytoplankton bloom occurs in e ... | 2006 | 17148306 |
| biocomplexity in a highly migratory pelagic marine fish, atlantic herring. | the existence of biologically differentiated populations has been credited with a major role in conferring sustainability and in buffering overall productivity of anadromous fish population complexes where evidence for spatial structure is uncontroversial. here, we describe evidence of correlated genetic and life history (spawning season linked to spawning location) differentiation in an abundant and highly migratory pelagic fish, atlantic herring, clupea harengus, in the north sea (ns) and adja ... | 2006 | 16777738 |
| climate change and condition of herring (clupea harengus) explain long-term trends in extent of skipped reproduction. | it is commonly assumed that iteroparous fish, once mature, normally reproduce in all consecutive seasons. recent work has suggested, however, that in norwegian spring-spawning herring-a population that undertakes extensive spawning migrations-almost one in two adults may skip their second spawning migration. why should herring not return to spawn the year after first spawning, but instead wait an extra year? for herring, participation in distant, energetically costly, and risky spawning migratio ... | 2006 | 16865409 |
| whole blood-oxygen binding properties of four cold-temperate marine fishes: blood affinity is independent of ph-dependent binding, routine swimming performance, and environmental hypoxia. | the relationship between whole blood-oxygen affinity (p(50)) and ph-dependent binding (i.e., cooperativity and the bohr [ phi ] and root effects) was examined statistically under standardized conditions (10.0 degrees celsius) in four unrelated cold-temperate marine fishes that differ widely in their swimming performance and their expected responses to hypoxia: cod (gadus morhua), herring (clupea harengus), mackerel (scomber scombrus), and plaice (pleuronectes platessa). an unexpected difference ... | 2006 | 16927237 |
| purification and some properties of two creatine kinase isoforms from herring (clupea harengus) spermatozoa. | creatine kinase (ck, ec 2.7.3.2) isoforms play important role in energy homeostasis and together with easily diffusible compounds like creatine and phosphocreatine maintain a cellular energy buffer and intracellular energy transport system. the ck activity in spermatozoa is the highest from all studied tissues in herring. it was detected that the two ck isoforms, ck1 and ck2, are characteristic only for spermatozoa and are not expressed in other herring tissues. isolation and purification proced ... | 2006 | 16564717 |
| an approach to feeding high-percentage fish diets to mice for human and wildlife toxicology studies. | experimental feeding of sport fish to rodents has been an important tool for the study of biological effects induced by a contaminated fish diet. most rodent feeding studies have used low-to-moderate levels of tissue from large fish species incorporated into diets fed to rats and have given little consideration to issues of diet palatability or nutrition. there are currently no rodent diet models suitable for assessing the risk to human populations of diets very high in daily fish content or to ... | 2006 | 16406584 |
| disposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) in two norwegian epibenthic marine food webs. | polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and dibenzofurans (pcdfs) are a group of halogenated hydrocarbons, comprising 210 different, theoretically possible congeners. they are relatively hydrophobic and persistent to biodegradation, thereby rendering them subject to bioaccumulation. this study was conducted in frierfjord and eidangerfjord in the grenland fjord system, norway, heavily polluted by pcdd/pcdf discharges from the 16,600,859 magnesium production at herøya from 1951 to 2001. pooled s ... | 2006 | 16169571 |
| inhibitory effect of known antioxidants and of press juice from herring (clupea harengus) light muscle on the generation of free radicals in human monocytes. | reactive oxygen species (ros) can cause oxidative stress, which has been linked to various diseases. it has been suggested that antioxidant-rich foods can reduce such oxidative stress. however, the lack of suitable model systems to screen for in vivo effects of food-derived antioxidants has prevented a clear consensus in this area. in this study, the aim was to use a single-cell model system (human monocyte) to evaluate whether certain pure antioxidants and complex muscle extracts (herring light ... | 2006 | 17032031 |
| dioxins, dioxin-like pcbs and chloroorganic contaminants in herring, clupea harengus, from different fishing grounds of the baltic sea. | the contaminant levels of dioxins, dioxin-like pcbs and a range of chloroorganic compounds have been determined in relation to various fishing grounds of the baltic sea. sampling covered an area from the skagerrak to the coast of latvia. the data are compared with herring from fishing grounds in the north sea and west of the british isles. also the temporal trend of the dioxin levels in the edible part of herring landed around the island of rügen is given from commercial samples collected betwee ... | 2007 | 17223169 |
| cathepsin d from atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) liver. isolation and comparative studies. | the isolated cathepsin d-like enzyme from atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) liver was shown to be a monomer with a molecular mass of approximately 40 kda. it was inhibited by pepstatin a and had an optimum for degradation of haemoglobin at ph 3.0. the purified enzyme had lower temperature stability than bovine cathepsin d. antibodies raised against the purified enzyme and against two c-terminal peptides of cod cathepsin d recognized a 40 kda protein in immunoblotting of the samples from the purific ... | 2007 | 17428719 |
| hemoglobin-mediated lipid oxidation and compositional characteristics of washed fish mince model systems made from cod (gadus morhua), herring (clupea harengus), and salmon (salmo salar) muscle. | the use of washed cod light muscle minces in mechanistic studies of hemoglobin (hb)-mediated fish lipid oxidation has largely increased in the past 5 years. although cod light muscle has a low level of intrinsic lipid oxidation catalysts, a prerequisite for a good oxidation model system, we believe it cannot fully mimic the oxidation kinetics taking place in other fish species being more susceptible to lipid oxidation. the aim of this study was to systematically investigate whether washed mince ... | 2007 | 17910510 |
| transfer of nodularin to three-spined stickleback (gasterosteus aculeatus l.), herring (clupea harengus l.), and salmon (salmo salar l.) in the northern baltic sea. | nodularin (nodln) is a hepatotoxin produced by the cyanobacterium nodularia spumigena, which occurs regularly in the baltic sea. the primary aim of this study was to study the transfer of nodln to three-spined stickleback (gasterosteus aculeatus l.), herring (clupea harengus membras l.), and salmon (salmo salar l.), which were caught from the northern baltic sea between august 2002 and august 2003. liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (lc-ms) was used for nodln analysis. nodln was found in bo ... | 2007 | 16616370 |
| comparison of fatty acid profiles of spawning and non-spawning pacific herring, clupea harengus pallasi. | crude lipid and fatty acid composition from liver, intestine, roe, milt and flesh of spawning and non-spawning pacific herring (clupea harengus pallasi) were examined to determine the relative effects of spawning on the nutritional value of herring. depletion of lipid due to spawning condition was significant (p<0.01) in all organ tissues and flesh of spawning herring. the lipid content ranged from an average of 1.9 to 3.4% (wet weight basis) in different organ tissues of spawning herring, to 10 ... | 2007 | 17276118 |
| echolocation clicks from killer whales (orcinus orca) feeding on herring (clupea harengus). | echolocation clicks from norwegian killer whales feeding on herring schools were recorded using a four-hydrophone array. the clicks had broadband bimodal frequency spectra with low and high frequency peaks at 24 and 108 khz, respectively. the -10 db bandwidth was 35 khz. the average source level varied from 173 to 202 db re 1 micropa (peak-to-peak) at 1 m. this is considerably lower than source levels described for canadian killer whales foraging on salmon. it is suggested that biosonar clicks o ... | 2007 | 17348498 |
| concordance of allozyme and microsatellite differentiation in a marine fish, but evidence of selection at a microsatellite locus. | previous studies have reported higher levels of divergence for microsatellites than for allozymes in several species, suggested to reflect stabilizing selection on the allozymes. we compared the differentiation patterns of 11 allozyme and nine microsatellite loci using 679 spawning atlantic herring (clupea harengus) collected in the baltic and north seas to test for differential natural selection on these markers. observed distributions of f statistics for the two types of markers are conspicuou ... | 2007 | 17391402 |
| silent research vessels are not quiet. | behavior of herring (clupea harengus) is stimulated by two ocean-going research vessels; respectively designed with and without regard to radiated-noise-standards. both vessels generate a reaction pattern, but, contrary to expectations, the reaction initiated by the silent vessel is stronger and more prolonged than the one initiated by the conventional vessel. the recommendations from the scientific community on noise-reduced designs were motivated by the expectation of minimizing bias on survey ... | 2007 | 17471759 |
| effects of acoustic alarms, designed to reduce small cetacean bycatch in gillnet fisheries, on the behaviour of north sea fish species in a large tank. | world-wide many cetaceans drown incidentally in fishing nets. to reduce the unwanted bycatch in gillnets, pingers (acoustic alarms) have been developed that are attached to the nets. in the european union, pingers will be made compulsory in some areas in 2005 and in others in 2007. however, pingers may effect non-target marine fauna such as fish. therefore in this study, the effects of seven commercially-available pingers on the behaviour of five north sea fish species in a large tank were quant ... | 2007 | 17316783 |
| spatial and temporal variations in parasite prevalence and infracommunity structure in herring (clupea harengus l.) caught to the west of the british isles and in the north and baltic seas: implications for fisheries science. | herring clupea harengus l. viscera were examined for endoparasitic infections as part of a multidisciplinary stock identification project (westher, eu contract no. q5rs-2002-01 056) which applied a range of stock discrimination techniques to the same individual fishes to obtain comparable results for multivariate analysis. spawning and non-spawning adults, and juvenile herring were caught, over 3 years, by commercial and research vessels from numerous locations to the west of the uk and ireland, ... | 2007 | 17578594 |
| herring (clupea harengus) supplemented diet influences risk factors for cvd in overweight subjects. | to assess the effect of a 4-week herring diet compared to a reference diet on biomarkers for cardiovascular disease in obese subjects. | 2007 | 17268414 |
| predicting effects of exploitation rate on weight-at-age, population dynamics, and bioaccumulation of pcdd/fs and pcbs in herring (clupea harengus l.) in the northern baltic sea. | the baltic sea ecosystem and fish stocks contain high concentrations of environmental chemicals such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). this study forecasts how changes in fishing or natural mortality would probably influence concentrations of pcdd/f and pcb in the bothnian sea (northern baltic) herring (clupea harengus l.). an age-structured simulation model was developed to forecast herring stock dynamics, cat ... | 2007 | 17410774 |
| parasites of fingerling herring clupea harengus l.: ecology and fine morphology. | the parasite fauna of young-of-the-year herring clupea harengus l., off gullmarsfjord and brofjorden, west coast of sweden, was studied between may and october for 4 years, from 1994 to 1997. fifteen species of parasites were found: two protozoa - trichodina sp. and ceratomyxa auerbachi; one species of uncertain affinity - ichthyophonus hoferi; two monogenea - gyrodactylus harengi and pseudanthocotyloides heterocotyle; five digenea - cryptocotyle lingua metacercariae, cercaria pythionike metacer ... | 2007 | 17578600 |
| visual pigments of baltic sea fishes of marine and limnic origin. | absorbance spectra of rods and some cones were measured by microspectrophotometry in 22 fish species from the brackish-water of the baltic sea, and when applicable, in the same species from the atlantic ocean (3 spp.), the mediterranean sea (1 sp.), or finnish fresh-water lakes (9 spp.). the main purpose was to study whether there were differences suggesting spectral adaptation of rod vision to different photic environments during the short history (<10(4) years) of postglacial isolation of the ... | 2007 | 17822578 |
| antioxidative properties of press juice from herring (clupea harengus) against hemoglobin (hb) mediated oxidation of washed cod mince. | the antioxidative effect of herring (clupea harengus) light muscle press juice (pj) against hemoglobin-(hb-) mediated oxidation of washed cod mince during ice storage was tested. the pj was fractionated into low-molecular-weight (lmw; <1 [corrected] kda) and high-molecular-weight (hmw; >1, >3.5, and > 50 kda) fractions; it was preheated (10 min, 100 degrees c) and tested with or without removing heat coagulated proteins. its antioxidative effect was compared with that given by endogenous levels ... | 2007 | 17939734 |
| characterization of oxidative changes in salted herring (clupea harengus) during ripening. | salted herring were prepared in barrels according to a traditional recipe. the biochemical changes in the fish and in the brine were monitored during a prolonged ripening period (12 months). the process was followed by measuring ph, protein, salt, dry matter, free fatty acids, and lipid content in the brine and in the fish according to standard protocols. the results showed that most of the biochemical changes occurred at an early stage in the ripening process. lipid oxidation was followed in th ... | 2007 | 17939737 |
| infection of wild fishes by the parasitic copepod caligus elongatus on the south east coast of norway. | natural caligus elongatus nordmann infections of wild coastal fishes on the norwegian south east coast were monitored at various times of the year from 2002 to 2004. the prevalence for all coastal fish (n = 4427) pooled was 15%, and there were great differences between fish species and seasons. lumpfish cyclopterus lumpus l. spawners were the most infected fish, with a prevalence of 61% and a median intensity of 4 lice fish(-1), whereas gadids had a mean prevalence of 19% and a median infection ... | 2007 | 17972757 |
| solubility and viscosity of herring (clupea harengus) proteins as affected by freezing and frozen storage. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of freezing and frozen storage at -24 degrees c on the quality of icelandic herring fillets, focusing on protein solubility and viscosity at ph 2.7 and 11 used for ph-aided protein isolation. the evaluation of quality was based on chemical analyses, protein degradation measurements, and changes in protein solubility and viscosity at ph 2.7 and 11 after up to 6-mo frozen storage of the herring fillets. lipid oxidation measured as tbars values incre ... | 2007 | 17995635 |
| changes in the antioxidative property of herring (clupea harengus) press juice during a simulated gastrointestinal digestion. | the aqueous fraction (press juice, pj) from herring muscle was recently shown to inhibit hemoglobin-mediated oxidation of washed fish mince lipids during ice storage. as a first step to evaluate potential in vivo antioxidative effects from herring pj, the aim of this study was to investigate whether herring pj retains its antioxidative capacity during a simulated gastrointestinal (gi) digestion. press juice from whole muscle (wmpj) and light muscle (lmpj) was mixed with pepsin solution followed ... | 2007 | 18038988 |
| density dependence and density independence during the early life stages of four marine fish stocks. | recruitment variability caused by density-dependent and density-independent processes is an important area within the study of fish dynamics. these processes can exhibit nonlinearities and nonadditive properties that may have profound dynamic effects. we investigate the importance of population density (i.e., density dependence) and environmental forcing (i.e., density independence) on the age-0 and age-1 abundance of capelin (mallotus villosus), northeast arctic cod (gadus morhua), northeast ar ... | 2007 | 17503591 |
| levels of pcdd/f and dioxin-like pcb in baltic fish of different age and gender. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdd), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdf) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) in baltic sea fish like herring (clupea harengus membras), sprat (sprattus sprattus balticus), perch (perca fluviatilis), pikeperch (sander lucioperca) and flounder (platichthys flesus trachurus) collected from four areas of the estonian coastal waters are reported. all samples are studied for their relationship between the length (cm) and wet weight (g); length (c ... | 2008 | 17931686 |
| high-speed assessment of fat and water content distribution in fish fillets using online imaging spectroscopy. | a nondestructive method using online spectral imaging has been developed for quantitative measurements of moisture and fat distribution in six species of fish fillets: atlantic halibut (hippoglossus hippoglossus), catfish (icatalurus punctatus), cod (gadus morhua), mackerel (scomber japonicus), herring (clupea harengus), and saithe (pollachius virens). a spectral image cube was acquired for each fish fillet, and a subsampling approach for relating spectral and chemical features was applied. spec ... | 2008 | 18656933 |
| effect of hot smoking on the content of selected polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in herring (clupea harengus) slices. | herring ( clupea harengus) (as well as sprat and mackerel) is a fish species intensively harvested by the polish fishing fleet. its relatively low price and the habits of polish consumers contribute to its high economic importance in poland. among 125.6 thousand tons of marine fish harvested in 2006, herring constituted 22.2 thousand tons (including 7.6 thousand tons harvested from the north sea). fish are usually subjected to various culinary treatments, which can influence the concentrations o ... | 2008 | 18481864 |
| the marine herring myxozoan ceratomyxa auerbachi (myxozoa: ceratomyxidae) uses chone infundibuliformis (annelida: polychaeta: sabellidae) as invertebrate host. | sequencing of ssu rdna showed that actinospores of the tetractinomyxon type, which develop in chone infundibuliformis krøyer (annelida, polychaeta, sabellidae) from the northern øresund, denmark, are identical with ceratomyxa auerbachi kabata, 1962 (myxozoa, ceratomyxidae). this myxosporean was found in the gallbladder of the atlantic herring clupea harengus l. from the northern øresund, denmark, and from the bergen area, western norway. the pansporocysts and actinospores of c. auerbachi are des ... | 2008 | 18666412 |
| effect of various electric field strengths and current durations on stunning and spinal injuries of atlantic herring. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of electric field strength and current duration on wild-caught atlantic herring clupea harengus stunned with sinusoidal 50-hz ac in seawater. the fish were exposed to electric field strengths ranging from 16 to 142 v/m and current durations from 1 to 12 s. we recorded the elapsed times between the point at which each fish became unconscious and the points at which it resumed normal behavioral functions. we also investigated injuries such as broken ... | 2008 | 18783132 |
| effect of milk protein concentrate on lipid oxidation and formation of fishy volatiles in herring mince (clupea harengus) during frozen storage. | the effect of milk protein concentrate (mpc) at 0, 2, 4, and 6% on lipid oxidation and volatile formation in frozen stored herring mince (-18 degrees c) was evaluated by analyzing samples at 0, 2, and 4 months for fatty acid composition, volatiles, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars). sensory evaluation was also conducted to assess the intensity of fishy odor, and the volatiles were analyzed using static headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (shgc-ms). the addition of 4 ... | 2008 | 18052036 |
| startle response of captive north sea fish species to underwater tones between 0.1 and 64 khz. | world-wide, underwater background noise levels are increasing due to anthropogenic activities. little is known about the effects of anthropogenic noise on marine fish, and information is needed to predict any negative effects. behavioural startle response thresholds were determined for eight marine fish species, held in a large tank, to tones of 0.1-64 khz. response threshold levels varied per frequency within and between species. for sea bass, the 50% reaction threshold occurred for signals of ... | 2008 | 18295877 |