| density-dependent effects on anguillicola crassus (nematoda) within its european eel definitive host. | density-dependent effects on adult and larval stages of the introduced nematode parasite anguillicola crassus in the european eel definitive host were examined in the laboratory in naturally infected fish, and in field samples. the effect of adult nematode subpopulations on larval development over time and the effect of increasing adult intensity on the gravid female subpopulations were investigated. at high adult subpopulations the movement of larvae from the swimbladder wall into the swimbladd ... | 1999 | 10205805 |
| effects of lectins with different carbohydrate-binding specificities on hepatoma, choriocarcinoma, melanoma and osteosarcoma cell lines. | the effects of lectins with different carbohydrate-binding specificities on human hepatoma (h3b), human choriocarcinoma (jar), mouse melanoma (b16) and rat osteosarcoma (ros) cell lines were investigated. cell viability was estimated by uptake of crystal violet. wheat germ lectin was the lectin with the most deleterious effect on the viability of h3b, jar and ros cell lines. the cytotoxicity of lectins with similar sugar-binding specificity to wheat germ lectin, including maackia amurensis lecti ... | 2000 | 10716633 |
| distribution and prevalence of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) in eels anguilla anguilla of the rivers rhine and naab, germany. | over a period of 2 yr eels were collected at several sites along the river rhine as well as from adjacent waters and examined for anguillicola crassus in the swimbladder. additionally eels were collected once from a site on the river naab (danube system). all eels were searched for both juvenile and adult stages of a. crassus, revealing prevalences of 80% in eels from the river rhine and 39% in eels from the river naab. the mean intensities were 5.6 and 7.7, respectively. with respect to the pre ... | 1998 | 9676253 |
| impact of low water temperature on the development of anguillicola crassus in the final host anguilla anguilla. | the effect of low water temperatures on the development and viability of larval and adult anguillicola crassus (nematoda) in the final host anguilla anguilla was studied. european eels were experimentally infected with a. crassus and then maintained for 4 mo at 4, 9, 10, and 19 degrees c. larval development showed a temperature-dependent pattern and was significantly retarded at low temperatures. third-stage larvae survived a 4 mo period at 4 degrees c without being affected, although they were ... | 1998 | 9722403 |
| distribution, characterization, and growth hormone-releasing activity of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in the european eel, anguilla anguilla. | the complementary dna encoding pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) has been cloned from two species of teleost fishes, the sockeye salmon and the thai catfish, and the amino acid sequence of pacap has been determined in another teleost, the stargazer. however, to date, the detailed distribution of pacap immunoreactivity has never been investigated in the fish brain. in the present study, we have determined the localization of pacap-immunoreactive neurons in the central ner ... | 1998 | 9751513 |
| redescription of rhabdochona anguillae (nematoda: rhabdochonidae), a parasite of eel, anguilla anguilla, in europe. | the nematode rhabdochona anguillae spaul, 1927, a specific intestinal parasite of the european eel, anguilla anguilla (l.), is redescribed and illustrated from specimens collected from eels of the sousa river, northern portugal (prevalence 20%, intensity 2-13). the species is characterized by the presence of 14 anterior teeth in the prostom, small non-bifurcate deirids, absence of lateral preanal papillae, by the length (0.460-0.660 and 0.130-0.150 mm) and the shape of spicules, fairly large (0. ... | 1998 | 9805785 |
| humoral immune response of european eel anguilla anguilla experimentally infected with anguillicola crassus. | a humoral immune response of the european eel anguilla anguilla elicited by an experimental infection was demonstrated for the first time against the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus. eels were experimentally infected once or repeatedly and the antibody response was observed over a period of 325 d. specific antibodies against a. crassus in the peripheral blood of the eels were measured using an elisa and the immunoblot technique. anti-a. crassus antibodies were first observed 8 wk post ... | 2000 | 10986646 |
| radiodiagnostic method for studying swimbladder inflammation caused by anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea). | the nematode anguillicola crassus appeared in europe about 15 yr ago, and has subsequently become recognised as a cause of major pathological lesions in the swimbladder of the european eel anguilla anguilla. the radiographic method reported in this paper showed be a useful complement to diagnostic methods that have so far been based exclusively on fish dissection. using this method, the infection of the swimbladder and the severity of its pathological changes can be assessed in a reliable manner ... | 1998 | 9828409 |
| heterogeneity among isolates of vibrio vulnificus recovered from eels (anguilla anguilla) in denmark. | the findings of this study demonstrate that vibrio vulnificus isolates recovered from diseased eels in denmark are heterogeneous as shown by o serovars, capsule types, ribotyping, phage typing, and plasmid profiling. the study includes 85 v. vulnificus isolates isolated from the gills, intestinal contents, mucus, spleen, and kidneys of eels during five disease outbreaks on two danish eel farms from 1995 to 1997, along with a collection of 12 v. vulnificus reference strains. the results showed th ... | 1998 | 9835548 |
| composition and diversity of helminth communities in eels anguilla anguilla in the river tiber: long-term changes and comparison with insular europe | most studies of helminth communities in the european eel anguilla anguilla have been undertaken in the british isles, and there are very few analyses of community composition and structure from continental europe. to fill this gap and test the hypothesis that helminth communities in freshwater eels in the british isles are not typical of those of continental europe, helminth communities of eels in the river tiber below rome were analysed by season using data collected in 1980 and new data from 1 ... | 1998 | 9858625 |
| metabolic studies on eel (anguilla anguilla l.) hepatocytes in primary culture: effect of 17 beta-estradiol and growth hormone. | previous studies demonstrated that native and recombinant growth hormone from mammalian and fish species potentiate the estrogenic induction of vitellogenin synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. in the present study, the metabolic competence (respiratory activity and estradiol catabolism) of cultured hepatocytes and their functional capacity to synthesize a specific protein, vitellogenin, in the presence of estradiol and/or bovine growth hormone was investigated. in addition, we examined the po ... | 1998 | 9883567 |
| amphibians and larvae of aquatic insects as new paratenic hosts of anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea), a swimbladder parasite of eels. | amphibians (tadpoles of the frog bombina bombina [l.] and the newt triturus vulgaris [l.]) and aquatic insects (larvae of the alderfly sialis lutaria [l.] [megaloptera], dragonflies sympetrum sanguineum [miller] and coenagrion puella [l.] [odonata], and the caddisfly oligotrichia striati [l.] [trichoptera]) were found to serve as paratenic hosts for the third-stage larvae (l3) of the nematode anguillicola crassus kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974, a pathogenic swimbladder parasite of the eel angu ... | 1998 | 9925427 |
| changes in gas composition in the swimbladder of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) infected with anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the effect of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) on gas composition in the swimbladder of eels (anguilla anguilla) was studied using mass spectrometry in feral eels from two german rivers and in experimentally infected eels. in both naturally and experimentally infected eels significant correlations were observed between the proportion of oxygen in the swimbladder and level of infection with anguillicola crassus. in swimbladders of naturally infected feral eels the contribution of oxygen to swimbla ... | 1996 | 8851864 |
| biochemical and genotoxic responses of adult eel (anguilla anguilla l.) to resin acids and pulp mill effluent: laboratory and field experiments. | the potential of a secondary-treated bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (bkpme) and resin acids (ras) to induce liver ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (enas) in adult anguilla anguilla l. was investigated in laboratory and field experiments. hepatic health was assessed by measurement of liver alanine transaminase (alt). one single intraperitoneal injection of abietic acid (aa) or dehydroabietic acid (dhaa), at the same molar dose (14.7 micromol/k ... | 1999 | 9931243 |
| levels of synthetic musks; bromocyclene and pcbs in eel (anguilla anguilla) and pcbs in sediment samples from some waters of berlin/germany. | the purpose of this study was to identify firstly the extent of contamination both of the aquatic biota and of sediments and secondly any regional differences in the concentrations of these compounds. in 1996, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs, including their coplanar congeners) were measured in 58 eel and 50 sediment samples. furthermore, the veterinary pharmacetical bromocyclene and the nitro musks were determined in 84 (1995) and 122 (1996) eel samples. polycyclic musk fragrances were addition ... | 1999 | 10520489 |
| fucose in alpha(1-6)-linkage regulates proliferation and histogenesis in reaggregated retinal spheroids of the chick embryo. | we have used the lectin from aleuria aurantia (aal) which is highly specific for alpha(1-6)-linked fucose, to examine its effect on chicken retinogenesis in a reaggregation culture system. when dispersed cells of the embryonic chick retina are reaggregated to form histotypic retinospheroids, aal elicits strong inhibition of spheroid growth. the action of aal is specific, since its effect is dose-dependent, saturable, and inhibited by an excess of fucose. fucosidase treatment entirely abolishes r ... | 1999 | 10536033 |
| metallothionein and heavy metals in brown trout (salmo trutta) and european eel (anguilla anguilla): a comparative study. | the levels and the cellular distribution of heavy metals, and the extent by which the metals binds to metallothionein (mt) in brown trout (salmo trutta) and european eel (anguilla anguilla), were analyzed in order to assess the natural conditions of mt and heavy metals in these two fish species. there were no differences in heavy metals and mt concentrations between males and females of brown trout in a nonreproductive status and between adult brown trout individuals. brown trout presented highe ... | 1999 | 10571463 |
| the contribution of a pyrethroid insecticide to the massive eel (anguilla anguilla) devastation, in lake balaton, in 1995. | in the summer of 1995, 30 tonnes of eel (anguilla anguilla) died in lake balaton, hungary. an investigation was carried out to find the causes of this ecocatastrophe. during this investigation, certain biochemical parameters, i.e. the blood sugar level, the acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh, ec 1.1.2.3), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (got, ec 2.6.1.1), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (gpt, ec 2.6.1.2) activities in the blood serum of the collected survivin ... | 1999 | 10574437 |
| experimental infections of farmed eels with different trypanosoma granulosum life-cycle stages and investigation of pleomorphism. | trypanosoma granulosum, a flagellate protozoon commonly found in the blood of the european eel anguilla anguilla, was injected experimentally into uninfected eels purchased from a local farm. in order to investigate the infectivity of different stages in the life cycle, trypanosomes from various sources were used for inoculation. infectivity was greatly reduced in in vitro culture stages inoculated at 20 c. isolated bloodstream stages injected into groups of animals held at 12 and 20 c could be ... | 2000 | 10701564 |
| histopathological changes in the swimbladder wall of the european eel anguilla anguilla due to infections with anguillicola crassus. | the histopathological changes in swimbladders of european eels naturally and experimentally infected with anguillicola crassus were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. during the course of probably several infections swimbladders undergo characteristic changes. in addition to the thickening of the entire swimbladder wall, and to the folded internal surface of this organ, inflammation, migration of white blood cells, fibrosis and changes in the epithelial cells are freque ... | 2000 | 10715817 |
| physiological status of wild european eels (anguilla anguilla) infected with the parasitic nematode, anguillicola crassus. | the effect of the parasitic swimbladder nematode, anguillicola crassus, on the physiological status of wild european eels (anguilla anguilla) was investigated during an 18 month survey (february 1995 until september 1996), and compared with that of wild uninfected eels collected over the same time-period. despite the occurrence of up to 15 blood-feeding adults in the swimbladder lumen of the infected eels and as many as 25 additional larvae in the swimbladder wall, there were no major difference ... | 2000 | 10726280 |
| expression of two vacuolar-type atpase b subunit isoforms in swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel: nucleotide sequences and deduced amino acid sequences. | the poly(a)(+) rna of swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel anguilla anguilla was isolated and used for cdna synthesis. using a pair of degenerate pcr primers directed towards the evolutionary highly conserved central part of the b subunit of vacuolar type h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) a fragment of 388 bp was amplified. by sequencing the cloned pcr products two different amplicons with a sequence identity of about 86% were obtained. blastn searches revealed a high degree of similarity of bot ... | 2000 | 10760576 |
| characterization by enzyme electrophoresis of specimens of the genus helicometra (trematoda, opecoelidae) from fish caught off the coast of northwest spain. | species within the genus helicometra are difficult to distinguish on morphological grounds alone, and are best discriminated with the aid of biochemical techniques. in the work reported here, the electrophoretic mobility of malate dehydrogenase isoenzyme of the mdh-1 locus was used to characterize 375 individuals of helicometra obtained from various teleost species (anguilla anguilla, conger conger, gobius niger or ciliata mustela) caught off the coast of northwest spain. the results suggest tha ... | 1999 | 10229945 |
| evidence that corticotropin-releasing hormone acts as a growth hormone-releasing factor in a primitive teleost, the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | the inhibitory control of growth hormone (gh) release by somatostatin (srih) has been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution. in contrast, the neuropeptides involved in the stimulatory control of gh vary according to species and/or physiological situations. we investigated the direct pituitary regulation of gh release in a primitive teleost, the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) at the juvenile stage. short-term serum-free primary cultures of dispersed pituitary cells were used, and gh rele ... | 1999 | 10320566 |
| experimental studies on lead accumulation in the eel-specific endoparasites anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and paratenuisentis ambiguus (acanthocephala) as compared with their host, anguilla anguilla. | the effect of salinity and the mode of application (oral versus aqueous) on the lead accumulation in different tissues of the fish host eel (anguilla anguilla) and its parasites anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and paratenuisentis ambiguus (acanthocephala) was investigated. waterborne as well as dietary lead exposure caused an increase in the metal levels of different eel tissues and the parasites. the mode of lead application had a significant influence on the distribution of lead in the fish ti ... | 1999 | 10398769 |
| pcdds/pcdfs and coplanar pcbs in eels (anguilla anguilla) from different areas of the rivers havel and oder in the state of brandenburg (germany). | in 1996 forty-nine eels were caught from different locations along the rivers oder (hohenwutzen and schwedt) and from 11 locations along the havel river. they were analysed for pcdds/pcdfs and the coplanar pcbs (pcb 77, pcb 126, pcb 169). their contribution to 2,3,7,8-tcdd equivalents were estimated. in case of pcdds/pcdfs these amounted between 1.8 and 15.2 pg/g fat (mean 6.1 pg/g; median 5.2 pg/g), in case of coplanar pcbs between 2.4 and 170.5 pg/g fat (mean 47.7 pg/g; median 36.1 pg/g). lake ... | 1999 | 10901658 |
| characterisation of the h(+)/peptide cotransporter of eel intestinal brush-border membranes. | h(+)/peptide cotransport in brush-border membrane vesicles (bbmvs) from eel (anguilla anguilla) intestine was studied by measuring d-[(3)h]-phenylalanyl-l-alanine uptake and by monitoring peptide-dependent intravesicular acidification using the ph-sensitive dye acridine orange. d-[(3)h]-phenylalanyl-l-alanine influx was greatly stimulated by an inside-negative membrane potential and enhanced by an inwardly directed h(+) gradient. in parallel, vesicular h(+) influx was significantly increased in ... | 2000 | 10976035 |
| trichodina sp. (ciliophora: peritrichida) in eel anguilla anguilla in recirculation systems in denmark: host-parasite relations. | farmed eel cultured in recirculation systems in denmark were found infected by trichodina jadranica raabe, 1958. associations between parasite abundance and fish size was examined in 2 different production systems. in one system, stocked with relatively well-nourished eels (3 to 31 g), most of the parasites (66%) were found on the dorsal part on the skin and relatively few were found on the gills (approx. 8%). the infection level was significantly positively correlated both with fish weight and ... | 2000 | 11023254 |
| different putative neuromodulators are present in the nerves which distribute to the teleost skeletal muscle. | the presence of putative neuromodulators in the nerve fibres was investigated in white skeletal muscle of two teleost fish not taxonomically correlated and showing different patterns of innervation (multiple versus focal innervation). cryostat sections of epaxial, hypaxial and adductor mandibulae (am) muscles of sparus aurata and anguilla anguilla were stained histochemically for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph)-diaphorase. other sections were used for indirect immunoh ... | 1998 | 9810486 |
| environmental contaminants and biochemical response in eel exposed to po river water. | groups of eels (anguilla anguilla) were exposed to po river water under control conditions at "la casella" fluvial hydrobiology station for 30-day periods between november and may. at the end of the exposure period, fish were sacrificed and cytochrome p4501a was evaluated in liver microsomes using both catalytic (erod) and semiquantitative immunodetection (elisa) assays. at the same time, water samples were taken for chemical analyses of pcbs, pahs and pesticides. eel was chosen as bio-indicator ... | 2000 | 11057681 |
| swim bladder gas gland cells produce surfactant: in vivo and in culture. | electron microscopical examination of gas gland cells of the physostome european eel (anguilla anguilla) and of the physoclist perch (perca fluviatilis) revealed the presence of significant numbers of lamellar bodies, which are known to be involved in surfactant secretion. in the perch, in which the gas gland is a compact structure and gas gland cells are connected to the swim bladder lumen via small canals, lamellar bodies were also found in flattened cells forming the swim bladder epithelium. ... | 2000 | 11080102 |
| richness and diversity of intestinal metazoan communities in brown trout salmo trutta compared to those of eels anguilla anguilla in their european heartlands. | the hypothesis that intestinal helminth communities in freshwater brown trout are dissimilar in composition and structure to those in the european eel was tested by an analysis of component communities from 72 localities and of infracommunities from 34 localities in the british isles and norway. derived indices were then compared with published data from eels. composition of helminth communities differed considerably between the two hosts as a group of 4 species occurred commonly in trout and so ... | 2000 | 11085225 |
| evaluation of an elisa and immunoblotting for studying the humoral immune response in anguillicola crassus infected european eel anguilla anguilla. | the applicability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of anguillicolosis in feral eels was examined using a crude antigen preparation from the body wall of adult anguillicola crassus. the screening consisted of samples from 100 feral european eels anguilla anguilla. as a reference the actual status of infection was determined by dissection of the eels' swim-bladders. the elisa results were compared with a background value calculated from the results obtained from 43 ... | 2000 | 11129379 |
| osmotic equilibrium and elastic properties of eel intestinal vesicles. | changes in volume of intestinal brush border membrane vesicles of the european eel anguilla anguilla were measured as vesicles were exposed to media with different osmotic pressures. preparing the vesicles in media of low osmotic pressure allowed the effects of a small hydrostatic pressure to become a significant factor in the osmotic equilibration. by applying laplace's law to relate pressure and volume and assuming a linear relation between membrane tension and area expansion, we estimate an i ... | 1999 | 10489428 |
| contents of several inorganic substances in european eel infected and uninfected by anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the content of 5 macroelements and 5 microelements were analyzed using the atomic absorption method in muscle samples of european eels infected and uninfected by anguillicola crasus. the mean contents of these substances in infected eels were statistically highly significantly lower in ca, p, fe, mn, but only statistically significantly lower in na, mg, zn and cu as compared to uninfected fishes. these differences are discussed in relation to hematophagus feeding and pathogenity of the parasite. | 1999 | 10494503 |
| richness and diversity of parasite communities in european eels anguilla anguilla of the river rhine, germany, with special reference to helminth parasites. | a total of 121 european eels (anguilla anguilla) from 2 sampling sites on the river rhine were investigated in respect of their parasite communities. special attention was given to the swim bladders, intestines, gills and fins of the fish. twelve different parasite species were found to live in and on the eels. data from each sampling site were kept separate. parasites found in descending order of prevalence were: anguillicola crassus, trypanosoma granulosum, myxobolus sp., paratenuisentis ambig ... | 1999 | 10503258 |
| helminth communities in eels anguilla anguilla from adriatic coastal lagoons in italy. | the composition and diversity of the total and intestinal component and infra-communities were determined in eels anguilla anguilla from three shallow lagoons on the adriatic coast of italy to determine whether the helminth communities would differ in composition and structure from those in eels from lagoons on the tyrrhenian coast. the lagoons differed in respect of their management regimes and the extent of freshwater influx. both freshwater and marine species of helminths were found in the ee ... | 2001 | 11316467 |
| metallothionein as bioindicator of freshwater metal pollution: european eel and brown trout. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of metallothionein (mt) as a bioindicator of heavy metal pollution in brown trout and european eel in the field situation. river ferrerias (north spain) provided a good gradient of metal contamination: concentrations of heavy metals were elevated both in water and in sediments at the downstream (polluted) site and were low at the upstream (unpolluted) site. mt levels of brown trout exhibited statistically significant differences between sites. a ... | 2001 | 11386716 |
| induction of micronuclei in eel (anguilla anguilla l.) by heavy metals. | micronucleus test was performed in situ on eels (anguilla anguilla) from river sites with different levels of heavy metal pollution (cadmium and mercury). cadmium content in eel liver but not micronuclei averages in kidney were associated with cadmium content in sediments. mercury content in liver was not significantly associated with mercury content in sediments. both cadmium and mercury induced micronuclei expression in eels when injected, the concentration tested being 1.7 mg metal/kg body we ... | 2001 | 11386727 |
| development of anguillicola crassus (dracunculoidea, anguillicolidae) in experimentally infected balearic congers ariosoma balearicum (anguilloidea, congridae). | the development of anguillicola crassus in experimentally infected ariosoma balearicum (anguilloidea, congridae) kept in seawater was studied in the laboratory. in parallel trials the effect of water salinity on the development of larval a. crassus in european eels anguilla anguilla was also investigated using eels kept in seawater of a salinity of 34 per thousand. both eel species were orally inoculated with l3 larvae of a. crassus and then maintained for up to 3 mo at 18 degrees c in seawater. ... | 1999 | 11407407 |
| metapopulation and community dynamics of helminth parasites of eels anguilla anguilla in the river exe system. | the possibility that much of the spatial and temporal variation in helminth communities in freshwater fish can be explained in terms of metapopulation theory was tested by examining helminth component communities of eels sampled from 3 localities in the river exe and 5 of its tributaries on 2 occasions at an interval of 3 years. four specific predictions of metapopulation theory in relation to community dynamics were tested. the prediction that parasite species could be recognized as common and ... | 2001 | 11444622 |
| development of hepatic cyp1a and blood vitellogenin in eel (anguilla anguilla) for use as biomarkers in the thames estuary, uk. | the potential of eel (anguilla anguilla) as a monitoring species for the thames estuary, uk, was examined. hepatic cytochrome p4501a [7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity] and blood vitellogenin (western analysis) were investigated as biomarkers of exposure to, respectively, organic contaminants and to contaminants showing estrogenic activity. hepatic microsomal erod activities in a. anguilla from seven sites in the thames estuary in may 1998 varied three-fold (111 +/- 24 to 355 +/- 42 ... | 2000 | 11460720 |
| persistence of herpesvirus of eel herpesvirus anguillae in farmed european eel anguilla anguilla. | herpesvirus of eel herpesvirus anguillae (hva) was isolated repeatedly from farmed eel of an outwardly healthy stock, but virus isolation was much greater in an experimental group of fish that were injected with dexamethasone. the results suggest that hva can establish a latent infection in eel. previous exposure of these eels to hva virus was shown by detection of hva-specific antibodies. these eels did not show clinical signs after a secondary infection with hva. tracing of seropositive eel st ... | 2001 | 11463096 |
| induction of stress by the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus in european eels, anguilla anguilla, after repeated experimental infection. | the purpose of this study was to determine under laboratory conditions over a period of 311 days if infection with the nematode anguillicola crassus induces stress in european eels (anguilla anguilla), and stimulates the endocrine stress axis as measured by serum cortisol levels. eels were experimentally infected with 3rd-stage larvae (l3) in different doses to simulate natural conditions with varying infection pressures. blood samples were drawn from the caudal vein every 2 weeks and serum cort ... | 2001 | 11510683 |
| eel parasite diversity and intermediate host abundance in the river rhine, germany. | european eels (anguilla anguilla) from 2 sampling sites on the rhine river (near karlsruhe and near worms) were investigated with respect to their parasite communities. nine different metazoan species were found to live in and on the eels. the highest number of species was recorded from the intestine, which contained up to 6 different helminths. among these, acanthocephalans were the most prevalent worms with the eel-specific parasite paratenuisentis ambiguus as the dominant species of the intes ... | 2001 | 11510684 |
| [larval history of glass eels, anguilla anguilla (linné, 1758) in migration in coastal and estuary areas (adour, gulf of gascogne) as revealed by otolith test]. | the embryonic past of glass eels was studied from the interpretation of microstructures registered on otoliths. the aim of this work is to put in evidence possible seasonal modifications of the growth of otoliths so that differences between otoliths of glass eels caught off marine and estuarine environment. so during the season 1999-2000, from november till march, otolith sampling was realised in the southwestern part of france, in an estuarine and coastal zone. we observed a spatial and tempora ... | 2001 | 11725699 |
| disposition of 14c-flumequine in eel anguilla anguilla, turbot scophthalmus maximus and halibut hippoglossus hippoglossus after oral and intravenous administration. | the absorption, distribution and elimination of 14c-labelled flumequine were studied using whole body autoradiography and liquid scintillation counting. flumequine was administered to eel anguilla anguilla, turbot scophthalmus maximus and halibut hippoglossus hippoglossus intravenously and orally as a single dose of 5 mg kg(-1), corresponding to 0.1 mci kg(-1). the turbot and halibut studies were performed in salt water (salinity of 32%) at temperatures of 16 +/- 1 degrees c (turbot) and 9.5 +/- ... | 2001 | 11804417 |
| carbonic anhydrase activity in tissues of the icefish chionodraco hamatus and of the red-blooded teleosts trematomus bernacchii and anguilla anguilla. | carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity was measured in blood, intestine, kidney and gill of two antarctic teleosts, the haemoglobinless chionodraco hamatus and the red-blooded trematomus bernacchii, and of the temperate teleost anguilla anguilla. in all species, the highest ca activity was in the gills, with the greatest activity in c. hamatus. ca activity in the blood was highest in a. anguilla, but none was detected in the blood of c. hamatus despite the presence of plasma ca inhibitors. the enzyme ... | 2001 | 11807116 |
| hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase activity in eel (anguilla anguilla) from the thames estuary and comparisons with other united kingdom estuaries. | hepatic microsomal 7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activities (indicative of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and polychlorobiphenyls (pcbs)) were measured in eel anguilla anguilla from the thames estuary. fish were collected from up to 13 sites during november 1997, may and august 1998 and october 1999. throughout this period no clear seasonal variation could be identified at every site along the thames. however, during the summer months, fish sampled from sites in the ... | 2001 | 11827118 |
| the osmotic relationship of the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus with seawater eels. | the study was designed to test the hypothesis that the majority of individuals in a population of anguillicola crassus can tolerate seawater by osmoconformation with the blood plasma of the eel host. the osmolality of the pseudocoelomic fluid of pre-adult and adult a. crassus was compared to the osmolality of eel plasma after eels were maintained in laboratory freshwater for 2 weeks (short-term transfer) or 3 months (long-term transfer) or in natural seawater for 2 h (acute transfer), 2 weeks or ... | 2002 | 11922435 |
| description of bucephalus anguillae n. sp. (trematoda: bucephalidae), a parasite of the eel anguilla anguilla (anguillidae) from a brackish water lagoon of the adriatic sea. | the digenetic trematode bucephalus anguillae n. sp. is described from the intestine of eel, anguilla anguilla l., originating from a brackish water fish farm on the italian coast of the adriatic sea. the new taxon is 1 of 12 bucephalus species characterized by an anterior rhynchus surrounded by 7 tentacular appendages, each when fully protruded with 2 prongs. scanning electron microscopy reveals, for the first time in a bucephalus species, the crescent-shaped, unspined field located between the ... | 2002 | 12054016 |
| accumulation of lipophilic microcontaminants and biochemical responses in eels from the camargue biosphere reserve. | we assessed the impacts of persistent organic micropollutants on aquatic trophic webs in brackish and freshwater communities in the camargue national nature reserve (nnr). we found that organochlorine compounds affect fish communities, particularly those of the common eel (anguilla anguilla). the aims of this study were (1) to determine the amount of lipophilic xenobiotics such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), which are probably of atmospheric origin, and two organochlorines (oc), lin ... | 2002 | 12092750 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of herpesvirus from cultured european eels anguilla anguilla in taiwan. | a herpesvirus has been isolated for the first time from a population of european eels anguilla anguilla cultured in a recirculated system in taiwan. syncytia formation was detected in ep-1 (eel epidermis) cell cultures inoculated with cell-free homogenates prepared from both integument and visceral organs of moribund fish. inoculation of homogenates onto ek (eel kidney) cell cultures induced giant cell formation. subsequent passages produced a consistent and progressive cytopathic effect (cpe) i ... | 2002 | 12180701 |
| effectiveness of different vaccine formulations against vibriosis caused by vibrio vulnificus serovar e (biotype 2) in european eels anguilla anguilla. | vibriosis due to vibrio vulnificus serovar e (biotype 2) is one of the main causes of mortality in european eels cultured in europe. the main objective of this study was to develop a vaccine and a vaccination procedure against this pathogen. with this aim, we tested several vaccine formulations (inactivated whole-cells with and without toxoids--inactivated extracellular products--from capsulated and uncapsulated strains, attenuated live vaccines and purified lipopolysaccharide [lps]) on eels mai ... | 2000 | 11145457 |
| fatty acid chain elongation synthesis in eel (anguilla anguilla) liver mitochondria. | the properties of fatty acid chain elongation synthesis have been investigated in liver mitochondria of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). the incorporation of [1-(14)c]acetyl-coa into fatty acids shows a specific activity of 0.43+/-0.05 nmol/min x mg protein (n=6), which is more than twice higher than that previously reported in rat liver mitochondria. label incorporation into fatty acids was, in mitochondria disrupted by freezing and thawing, much higher than in intact organelles thus sugge ... | 2001 | 11163299 |
| cloning and expression of guanylin from the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | extracts of intestinal epithelia from the european eel (anguilla anguilla) stimulated cgmp production in the t84 human colon carcinoma cell line which suggested the presence of a guanylin-like peptide in this teleost fish. degenerate oligonucleotide primers were subsequently used in rt-pcr resulting in the amplification, cloning, and sequencing of two cdnas which represent possible 5' spliceoforms of an eel homologue of the mammalian peptide, guanylin. northern blotting indicated that the main s ... | 2001 | 11243845 |
| bile metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in european eels anguilla anguilla from united kingdom estuaries. | a total of 94 european eels (anguilla anguilla) were collected from five estuaries in the uk. the deconjugated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the bile of the eels were separated using hplc. six pah metabolites were identified: 1-hydroxy (1-oh) metabolites of phenanthrene, pyrene and chrysene; and the 1-oh, 3-oh and 7,8 dihydrodiol metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene (bap). the mean concentration of the six metabolites was greatest in eels from the tyne (49 microm) followed b ... | 2003 | 12493190 |
| long-term stability in the richness and structure of helminth communities in eels, anguilla anguilla, in lough derg, river shannon, ireland. | a data set on intestinal helminth parasites was collected in the course of an 18 year investigation into the biology of eels in meelick bay, lough derg, river shannon. this was used to test two hypotheses relating to the composition and structure of intestinal helminth communities, namely that eels in large rivers do not harbour richer and more diverse communities than those in small rivers but that community composition and structure are more stable over time than in small rivers. the helminth ... | 2002 | 12498636 |
| localization of the vacuolar-type atpase in swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | the vacuolar atpase is a multifunctional enzyme that consists of several subunits. subunit b is part of the catalytic domain of the enzyme and is present in two isoforms in fish as well as in mammals. possibly, these two isoforms - vatb1 (kidney isoform) and vatb2 (brain isoform) - serve different functions. a localization of the two isoforms was attempted in swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel anguilla anguilla by immunohistochemistry. two antibodies were produced by immunization of ... | 2003 | 12502767 |
| cycle évolutif de bucephalus anguillae spakulová, macko, berrilli & dezfuli, 2002 (digenea, bucephalidae) parasite de anguilla anguilla (l.). | the species of bucephalus from the eel anguilla anguilla of the north-eastern tunisian lagoons was identified as b. anguillae which was recently described by spakulová et al. (2002) from the adriatic coast of italy. in order to confirm that this eel digenean is distinct from b. polymorphus von baer, 1827 present in other freshwater fishes, we investigated the life-cycle of this species. surveys in the wild and experimental studies have shown that the life-cycle of b. anguillae is completed in br ... | 2002 | 12510166 |
| characterisation of intestinal peptide transporter of the antarctic haemoglobinless teleost chionodraco hamatus. | h(+)/peptide cotransport was studied in brush-border membrane vesicles (bbmv) from the intestine of the haemoglobinless antarctic teleost chionodraco hamatus by monitoring peptide-dependent intravesicular acidification with the ph-sensitive dye acridine orange. diethylpyrocarbonate-inhibited intravesicular acidification was specifically achieved in the presence of extravesicular glycyl-l-proline (gly-l-pro) as well as of glycyl-l-alanine (gly-l-ala) and d-phenylalanyl-l-alanine (d-phe-l-ala). h( ... | 2003 | 12517988 |
| microhabitat distribution of pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and pseudodactylogyrus bini among and within gill arches of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). | the outlying mean index (omi) method was used to test for seasonal microhabitat partitioning in pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and pseudodactylogyrus bini communities parasitising european eel ( anguilla anguilla l.) in four seasons. no differences in the occurrence of parasites were found in different seasons or on different gill arches. the omi analysis showed that hemibranch separation and gill segments were the main factors explaining the variation in parasite niche occupation for the first fa ... | 2003 | 12632166 |
| structure and ligand binding of carbohydrate-binding module cscbm6-3 reveals similarities with fucose-specific lectins and "galactose-binding" domains. | carbohydrate-binding polypeptides, including carbohydrate-binding modules (cbms) from polysaccharidases, and lectins, are widespread in nature. whilst cbms are classically considered distinct from lectins, in that they are found appended to polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, this distinction is blurring. the crystal structure of cscbm6-3, a "sequence-family 6" cbm in a xylanase from clostridium stercorarium, at 2.3 a reveals a similar, all beta-sheet fold to that from mvx56, a module found in a f ... | 2003 | 12634060 |
| epidemiology of bacterial diseases in norwegian aquaculture--a description based on antibiotic prescription data for the ten-year period 1991 to 2000. | in norway, antibacterial drugs for use in farmed fishes have to be prescribed by a veterinarian. moreover, a national surveillance programme requires that copies of all prescriptions be sent to the directorate of fisheries. the prescriptions give information regarding fish farm and locality, weight and species of fish to be medicated, diagnosis, type and amount of drug prescribed, and date. these prescription data for the 10 yr period 1991 to 2000 have been recorded and systematised. a total of ... | 2003 | 12650244 |
| concentrations and hazard assessment of pcbs, organochlorine pesticides and mercury in fish species from the upper thames: river pollution and its potential effects on top predators. | aquatic environmental contamination levels of organochlorine pesticides (ocps), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and heavy metals in the upper thames catchment area, uk were assessed on the basis of fish muscle analysis in wet weight, and their effects on top predators were assessed. the contamination levels of lead, cadmium, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (ddt) and its metabolites were found to be low (undetectable) in the area. average mercury contamination level varied between 55 and 342 m ... | 2003 | 12656245 |
| the kinetics of antibody production in mucus and serum of european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) after vaccination against vibrio vulnificus: development of a new method for antibody quantification in skin mucus. | vibrio vulnificus serovar e, a bacterial pathogen for eels cultured in intensive systems, is transmitted through water and enters into new hosts mainly via gills. the main objective of this work was to study the kinetics of antibody production to v. vulnificus in serum and mucus and their relationship with protection after vaccination. to quantify local mucus antibodies, a new "in situ" dot blot immunoassay using image analysis has been developed. this assay was applied to measure antibody produ ... | 2003 | 12787687 |
| distribution and potential role of cytosolic water-soluble phosphodiesters in fish. | the distribution of water-soluble phosphodiesters (wspdes) visible by nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) in some intact tissues of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum) and in perchloric extracts after partial purification was examined by (31)p nmr spectroscopy. the compounds of interest were serine ethanolamine phosphate (sep), threonine ethanolamine phosphate (tep), glycerophosphorylcholine (gpc), and glycerophosphorylethanolamine (gpe). tep and sep were mostly accumulated in the heart and ... | 2003 | 13130434 |
| [determination of thyrotropic hormone in the pituitary of eel (anguilla anguilla l.), cow, and rat by means of i 131 fixation in the thyroid of hypophysectomized eel]. | | 1956 | 13382429 |
| genetic and antigenic analysis of betanodaviruses isolated from aquatic organisms in taiwan. | viral nervous necrosis (vnn) is a worldwide disease among marine fishes. in taiwan, nnn disease was first identified in 2 species of hatchery-reared grouper, epinephelus fuscogutatus and e. akaaya in 1994. since then, increasing mortalities have occurred among groupers epinephelus spp., and also among european eels anguilla anguilla l., yellow-wax pompano trachinotus falcatus, firespot snapper lutaanus erythropterus b., barramundi lates calcarifer, cobias rachycentron canadum, humpback groupers ... | 2003 | 13677508 |
| micronucleus test in freshwater fish species: an evaluation of its sensitivity for application in field surveys. | brown trout, salmo trutta, european eel, anguilla anguilla, and european minnow, phoxinus phoxinus, three fish species inhabiting european freshwater ecosystems, were evaluated for their use as in situ pollution biomarkers using the micronucleus test in renal erythrocytes. experimental exposure (by immersion) to different concentrations of cyclophosphamide, colchicine, and cadmium showed that brown trout are more sensitive to the three compounds than minnows and eels. in situ surveys of wild fre ... | 2003 | 14575685 |
| heavy metals in fish (solea vulgaris, anguilla anguilla and liza aurata) from salt marshes on the southern atlantic coast of spain. | comparisons were made of metal concentrations in water and sediment with those in the muscle and livers of three species of fish caught in four seawater reservoirs (two in the odiel estuary and two in the bay of cádiz). the concentrations of a large number of metals in the water, sediment and fish were higher in the odiel reservoirs than in those in cádiz. we found high metal-enrichment factors in the livers as compared to muscle (over 100 for fe and cu and around 5 for zn, ni, cd and pb). the t ... | 2004 | 14592572 |
| spatio-temporal dynamics of the parasitic nematode anguillicola crassus in flanders, belgium. | despite egusa's earlier warning of the damage that the parasitic nematode anguillicola crassus could inflict on the european eel anguilla anguilla, its introduction in europe was a fact in the early 1980s. based on an elaborate dataset on anguillicola crassus infection of 11 river catchments, this paper presents the results of a detailed study on the dispersal of the parasite in flanders, belgium, and the host-parasite relationship. in addition, data from 1986 and 1997 are used for comparative p ... | 2003 | 14667034 |
| characterisation and distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide in a primitive teleost, the eel, anguilla anguilla and comparison with calcitonin. | radioimmunoassay (ria), radioreceptor assay and chromatography were used to study the occurrence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) in a primitive teleost, the eel, anguilla anguilla. immunologically and biologically active cgrp-like molecules were found in brain, heart, kidney, liver, spleen and ultimobranchial body with the higher concentrations in brain, spleen and heart. gel exclusion chromatography of heart and spleen extracts followed by sds-page showed that the eel cgrp-like molecu ... | 2004 | 14700750 |
| spatial and temporal variation in anguillicola crassus counts: results of a 4 year survey of eels in mediterranean lagoons. | we present the results of a survey of anguillicolosis in the rh6ne river delta. from january 1997 to december 2000, a total of 13,319 eels (anguilla anguilla from elver to silver phase) were examined, in which we found 22,227 swimbladder nematodes (anguillicola crassus adults and pre-adults). a generalised linear model (glm) framework was used to explore the relative contribution of various factors to the occurrence, intensity and abundance of the parasite. we reveal a major influence of the mon ... | 2002 | 12219974 |
| relationships between persistent organic chemicals residues and biochemical constituents in fish from a protected area: the french national nature reserve of camargue. | the reserve of biosphere of camargue [french national nature reserve of camargue (nnrc)] is a protected area frequently exposed to natural and anthropogenic environmental alterations. to evaluate potential contamination of fish with lipophilic chemicals-organochlorines (ocs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs)-a biological monitoring survey was carried out. metabolic reserve levels were evaluated to select appropriate biological indicators able to be significant biomarkers. in addition, ... | 2002 | 12379424 |
| effects of various hormones on the sexual maturity of european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) females from farm and lakes. | previously described and alternative methods of the induction of sexual maturation in the european eel were investigated. weekly administrations of a gonadoliberin agonist (nnrh-a=d-phe6-gnrh-ea) did not induce statistically significant effect on the gonads of treated eels in none of the dosages used (0.1 microg and 10 microg/fish). carp pituitary extract and carp pituitary extract together with a dopamine antagonist caused considerable external changes (increase in eye size) and significant gon ... | 2003 | 14711035 |
| vitellogenin content in european eel (anguilla anguilla) in flanders, belgium. | as part of a large-scale monitoring program of bioaccumulating contaminants in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) in flanders (belgium), we investigated potential effects of xenoestrogens in these fish. the present paper describes the results of the plasma vitellogenin (vtg) content, measured in 142 eels sampled at 20 different locations, in relation to the internal pollution levels. to validate the blood vtg assays, a small number of eels (n=8) was exposed to 10 microg ethinylestradiol/l (ee2 ... | 2004 | 14720478 |
| citrate carrier activity and cardiolipin level in eel (anguilla anguilla) liver mitochondria. | the activity of the tricarboxylate (citrate) carrier has been assayed in intact liver mitochondria from yellow eel (anguilla anguilla) and compared to that from rat. the eel-citrate carrier specific activity was approximately 1.7-fold higher than that assayed in rat-liver mitochondria. the content of the main mitochondrial phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, did not show a significant difference between the two species, while in eel a higher cardiolipin level was obs ... | 2002 | 12381385 |
| antigenicity of pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and p. bini (monogenea) in the european eel (anguilla anguilla, l.) under different oxygenation conditions. | the antibody response of european eels (anguilla anguilla, l.) to the branchial parasites pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and p. bini under hyperoxygenation conditions was studied. the antigenic fractions of parasites were detected by means of electrophoretic techniques (sds-page) and by western blot analysis. the results obtained demonstrate that under hyperoxygenation conditions, the eels responded to a greater number of proteins, and this was correlated with a decrease in the level of infestatio ... | 2002 | 12400862 |
| benzo[a]pyrene and beta-naphthoflavone mutagenic activation by european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) s9 liver fraction. | is anguilla anguilla l. (eel) liver ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) induction absolutely necessary in order to convert promutagens as benzo[a]pyrene (bap) into a mutagenic compound? eels were exposed for 8 h to clean (control) and 0.3 microm beta-naphthoflavone (bnf)-contaminated water. the 8-h exposure to 0.3 microm bnf brought about a very high erod induction (10 pmol/min/mg protein) compared to control animals (1 pmol/min/mg protein). the ames test (maron and ames, 1983) was carried out w ... | 2002 | 12481862 |
| application of an immunoperoxidase staining method for detection of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine as a biomarker of chemical-induced oxidative stress in marine organisms. | 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dg) is a typical modification of dna caused by oxygen free radicals and can be an useful biomarker for pollutants inducing oxidative stress. an immunoperoxidase method using monoclonal antibody 1f7 toward 8-oxo-dg was applied to tissues and smeared cells of marine organisms for detection and quantification of oxidative dna damage in such models. the assay, previously employed on human cells, was assessed for the first time on mediterranean mussels (mytilus ... | 2004 | 15019248 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in eels (anguilla anguilla l.) from welsh rivers. | organochlorine concentrations in the muscle tissues of eels at 41 freshwater sites across wales were surveyed in 1993. positive but weak relationships were detected between eel age or length and the concentration of some organochlorines. isomers of hch were below detection at most sites. dieldrin was widespread at 10-100 microg kt(-1) wet weight, despite its ban in sheep dip in 1989. total ddt residue concentrations averaged 73 microg kg(-1). total pcb burdens expressed as arochlor 1260, were > ... | 1997 | 15093481 |
| comparative study of x-ray computerised tomography and conventional x-ray methods in diagnosis of swimbladder infection in eels caused by anguillicola crassus. | to date, swimbladder lesions due to anguillicola crassus infection of the european eel anguilla anguilla have so far been studied only by conventional x-ray methods. this is the first study to report the use of computerised tomography (ct) for studying lesions induced by anguillicolosis. of 50 eels caught by electrofishery from lake balaton, hungary, in autumn 2002 and pre-selected by a conventional x-ray method, 22 specimens were examined with a siemens somatom plus s40 spiral ct scanner. tomog ... | 2004 | 15109137 |
| characterization of sugar binding by osteoclast inhibitory lectin. | osteoclast inhibitory lectin (ocil) is a membrane-bound c-type lectin that blocks osteoclast differentiation and, via binding to its cognate receptor nkrp1d, inhibits natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. ocil is a member of the natural killer cell receptor c-type lectin group that includes cd69 and nkrp1d. we investigated carbohydrate binding of soluble recombinant human and mouse ocil in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based assays. ocil bound immobilized high molecular weight sulfated ... | 2004 | 15123656 |
| ellipsomyxa gobii (myxozoa: ceratomyxidae) in the common goby pomatoschistus microps (teleostei: gobiidae) uses nereis spp. (annelida: polychaeta) as invertebrate hosts. | nereis diversicolor o.f. müller and n. succinea frey et leuckart (polychaeta, nereidae) living in brackish shallow areas in denmark are naturally infected with tetractinomyxon actinospores. infected nereis spp. were experimentally fed to various potential fish hosts, and the actinosporean stages developed into myxosporean stages of ellipsomyxa gobii køie, 2003 (ceratomyxidae) in the gallbladder of the common goby pomatoschistus microps (krøyer) (gobiidae). the european eel anguilla anguilla (l.) ... | 2004 | 15139372 |
| sandwich immunoassay for determination of vitellogenin in golden grey mullet (liza aurata) serum as a field exposure biomarker. | vitellogenin (vtg) is a protein produced in the liver of oviparous animals in response to oestrogens. abnormal production of vtg by males, therefore, is used as a biological indicator of exposure to xeno-oestrogens. in this study, a sandwich-elisa for measuring vtg in liza aurata (golden grey mullet) was developed and validated. plasma vtg was purified from 17beta-oestradiol-injected immature individuals of mullet, by size-exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography. polyclonal antibodies against ... | 2005 | 15756602 |
| individual and combined effects of cadmium and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126) on the humoral immune response in european eel (anguilla anguilla) experimentally infected with larvae of anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the individual and combined effects of cadmium (cd) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126) on the antibody response of fish against metazoan parasites were tested. eels experimentally infected with the swim bladder nematode anguillicola crassus were exposed to sublethal concentrations of cd and pcb 126. cd was added to the water resulting in an effective concentration of 21.7 +/- 12.8 microg/l (mean +/- s.d.). pcb 126 was applied orally at a dose of approximately 100 ng pcb 126 per g body ... | 2004 | 15151150 |
| effects of fish stocking on ecosystem services: an overview and case study using the stockholm archipelago. | in this article, we focus on documented and possible effects of fish stocking in terms of ecosystem services. the increasing use of fish stocking between 1970 and 2000 in the semiurban setting of stockholm archipelago, sweden, is used as case study. the objective is to analyze this management practice from an ecosystem perspective, accounting for both the ecological and social context of releasing fish. the results show that enhancements of four native species (salmo s. trutta, salmo salar, stiz ... | 2004 | 15156349 |
| induction of cytochrome p4501a and biliary pah metabolites in european eel anguilla anguilla: seasonal, dose- and time-response variability in field and laboratory conditions. | induction of cytochrome p4501a in fish is a well-known indicator of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and determination of pah metabolites in bile by fixed wavelength fluorescence (ff) or synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (sfs), has become an useful method in monitoring programs. in this work the relationship between cytochrome p4501a (erod activity) and levels of biliary pah metabolites was measured in the european eel anguilla anguilla, in both field and laboratory condit ... | 2004 | 15178075 |
| differential expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone beta subunit in gonads during sex reversal of orange-spotted and red-spotted groupers. | we have cloned and characterized the full-length cdna encoding thyroid-stimulating hormone beta-subunit (tshbeta) from orange-spotted grouper epinephelus coioides. it contains 913 nucleotides with an open reading frame encoding 146 amino acids with a 20 amino acid signal peptide. the grouper mature tshbeta has 75, 70, 61, 59, 41, 42 and 40% identities to that of rainbow trout, atlantic salmon, zebrafish, european eel, chicken, mouse and human, respectively. rt-pcr analysis indicated that the tsh ... | 2004 | 15196702 |
| lectinochemical studies on the affinity of anguilla anguilla agglutinin for mammalian glycotopes. | anguilla anguilla agglutinin (aaa) is a fucose-specific lectin found in the serum of the fresh water eel. it is suggested to be associated with innate immunity by recognizing disease-associated cell surface glycans, and has been widely used as a reagent in hematology and glycobiology. in order to gain a better understanding of aaa for further applications, it is necessary to elucidate its binding profile with mammalian glycotopes. we, therefore, analyzed the detailed carbohydrate specificity of ... | 2004 | 15207656 |
| delineation of the conserved functional properties of d1a, d1b and d1c dopamine receptor subtypes in vertebrates. | the three main subtypes of dopamine d(1) receptor (d(1a), d(1b) and d(1c)) subtypes found in most vertebrate groups were generated by two major steps of gene duplications, early in evolution. to identify the functional characteristics contributing to conservation of these paralogous d(1) receptors in vertebrates, the pharmacological and functional properties of fish (anguilla anguilla), amphibian (xenopus laevis) and human receptors were systematically analysed in transfected cells. the ligand-b ... | 2004 | 15207908 |
| occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria in two european eel farms. | the occurrence of strains that are resistant to oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and nitrofurantoin among heterotrophic bacteria, including human and fish pathogens, in two freshwater eel farms was investigated. high levels of individual- and multiple-drug-resistant bacteria were detected, although sampling events were not correlated with clinical outbreaks and drug therapy. | 2005 | 15933039 |
| [sounds recorded in salt marshes and attributed to the european eel]. | the sounds were recorded in coastal ponds off the french atlantic coast. they are characterized by continuous series of regularly spaced sounds, each sound being composed of one to four pulses of 7.8-ms duration. the main frequencies of these sounds are under 350 hz. due to the special characteristics of these sounds, their temporal patterning, their coastal pond provenance and their close similarity to sounds made by the american eel (anguilla rostrata), we attribute them to the european eel (a ... | 2004 | 15212367 |
| responses of european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) in two polluted environments: in situ experiments. | european eels (anguilla anguilla l.) were caged for 8 and 48 h in two polluted areas to assess the contamination cleanup process in the vouga river 2 years after the official closing of a bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (bkpme; experiment 1), and to monitor the effects induced by contaminated offward fishing harbor waters (experiment 2). plasma cortisol, glucose, and lactate were evaluated as stress responses. in experiment 1, plasma cortisol, glucose, and lactate increased after 8 h of exposu ... | 2004 | 15223262 |
| prediction of 3-d structures of fucose-binding proteins and structural analysis of their interaction with ligands. | the importance of fucose-binding proteins stems from the presence of fucose as terminal sugars in h and lewis (a) blood groups. recently, the structure of a complex between anguilla anguilla agglutinin (aaa) and alpha-l-fucose has been worked out at 1.9 a resolution. the structure of aaa characterizes the novel fold of an entire lectin family. in the present study, molecular modeling techniques have been used to identify new proteins that can provide a similar fucose binding module in the newly ... | 2004 | 15454693 |
| influence of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) on swimming activity of european eel anguilla anguilla. | we investigated the swimming activity of 70 european eels anguilla anguilla in relation to natural infection with 2 parasite species: the eel-specific swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus and the non-specific skin and gill protozoan ichthyophthirius multifiliis. we measured how long individual eels exposed to a water current in a swimming channel with a steady-stream profile could withstand the water current. the parasites affected the swimming behaviour of eels in different ways. the maxim ... | 2004 | 15460857 |
| utilization of brown trout salmo trutta by acanthocephalus clavula in an irish lake: is this evidence of a host shift? | the population biology of the fish acanthocephalan acanthocephalus clavula was described from 161 wild brown trout, salmo trutta sampled over a two-year period in clogher lake in the west of ireland. overall prevalence of the parasite was 86% and the mean abundance was 53 worms per fish. despite the presence of large numbers of worms in the trout very few females (2%) attained full reproductive maturity. this suggests that trout is an accidental host. a sample of yellow eels, anguilla anguilla w ... | 2004 | 15469621 |
| influence of vasostatins, the chromogranin a-derived peptides, on the working heart of the eel (anguilla anguilla): negative inotropy and mechanism of action. | we have studied the effects of exogenous human recombinant vasostatin-1 (vs-1), vasostatin-2 (vs-2) and the human chromogranin a (cga) 7-57 synthetic peptides on the mechanical performance of the isolated and perfused working eel (anguilla anguilla) heart. under basal conditions, the three peptides decreased stroke volume (sv) and stroke work (sw), thus exerting negative inotropism. the vs-1-mediated negative inotropism was abolished by exposure to inhibitors of either gi/o protein (pertussis to ... | 2004 | 15474532 |
| heavy metal contamination of european eel (anguilla anguilla) and brown trout (salmo trutta) caught in wild ecosystems in spain. | in this study we analyzed the pattern of copper (cu), cadmium (cd), lead (pb), and mercury (hg) accumulation in liver (as a detoxifying organ) and muscle (as the most important tissue for human consumption) of brown trout (salmo trutta) and european eel (anguilla anguilla) caught in two wild spanish rivers where both species are usually angled for human consumption. cd, pb, and cu accumulated preferentially in the liver of both species. hg accumulated both in the liver and muscle in brown trout, ... | 2004 | 15508654 |