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retinal fine structure in the european eel anguilla anguilla. i. pigment epithelium of the glass eel stage.the european eel (anguilla anguilla) has a complex life cycle during which it changes habitat and to some extent morphology. during this time the eye undergoes modifications in both size and photopigments. this report forms the first of a comparative morphological study of the retina of the eel during the major stages of its life cycle. the retinal pigment epithelium of the glass eel stage consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells joined laterally by cell junctions. both the basal (scleral) a ...19827103098
habitat specificity of the acanthocephalan acanthocephalus clavula (dujardin, 1845) in eels anguilla anguilla (l).the habitat specificity of the acanthocephalan acanthocephalus clavula in the alimentary tract of eels was studied in natural infections and in fish maintained experimentally under different regimes. the parasite exhibited a preference for a particular region (55 to 65%) of the alimentary canal which did not differ in different species of host, but habitat specificity was not very precise as there was considerable variation between individual hosts and a. calvula was capable of surviving and mat ...19827096967
the parapineal and pineal organs of the elver (glass eel), anguilla anguilla l.the parapineal organ of the glass eel (elver) consists of approximately 400 cells and is situated to the left of the connection of the pineal stalk to their ventricle. a conspicuous nerve tract containing approximately 350 fibers arises from the parapineal organ and runs in spatial relationship to the habenular commissure toward the left habenular nucleus. the dominating cell type of the parapineal organ of the elver is a neuron (sensory neuron) of small diameter provided with atypical cilia (9 ...19827083311
elevated sister chromatid exchange rate in lymphocytes of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) with cauliflower tumor.sister chromatid exchange (sce) frequency and chromosomal aberration were studied in cultured lymphocytes from the european eel (anguilla anguilla) with cauliflower tumors. sce was significantly increased in the affected fishes compared with normal controls, whereas chromosomal aberration did not. in comparison to normal cells, the lymphocytes responding to phytohemagglutinin m (pha-m) in cultures from tumorous eels showed no evidence of cell cycle retardation. a possible mechanism for elevation ...19827066876
a morphometric analysis of regional differences in myotomal muscle ultrastructure in the juvenile eel (anguilla anguilla l.).subpopulations of fast and slow fibres within the trunk musculature of elvers were examined using morphometric analysis of electron micrographs. fibre regions were characterised by their histochemical staining characteristics, and individual fibres located using a coordinate mapping system utilising morphological features as reference points. percentages of fibre volume occupied by mitochondria, myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum (s.r.), and t-system were determined in each of the fibre groups, ...19827060104
steroid production in testicular tissue of the european eel.testicular tissue of normal and hcg-stimulated european eels was incubated in vitro with tritiated progesterone or androstenedione as substrates. the following compounds were isolated and identified: 5 beta-androstane-3,17-dione; 17 beta-hydroxy-5 beta-androstan-3-one; androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione (adrenosterone); 11 beta-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione; 11 beta-hydroxytestosterone; 3 alpha,11 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-androstan-17-one, and an additional steroid for which the oxidation product was i ...19827035150
[appearance of anguillicola australiensis johnston and mawson, 1940 (dracuncoloidea: anguillicolidae) in anguilla anguilla of lake bracciano].anguillicola australiensis johnston and mawson, 1940 is redescribed and reported for the first time from anguilla anguilla of lake bracciano (rome-italy). it is suggested that the appearance of anguillicola australiensis in european eels might be in relation with intercontinental live eels transfers.19826926929
effects of orthovanadate on salt and water effluxes from the gills of seawater eels, anguilla anguilla.orthovanadate (5 . 10(-7) m) perfused through isolated gills at a constant rate increased the perfusion pressure by 40% but inhibited the effluxes of na+ and cl- by 40%. water efflux was unaltered. ouabain (10(-4) m) and rotenone (10(-4) m) influenced salt and water effluxes in the same way but did not alter perfusion pressures. orthovanadate (10(-5) m) perfused at constant rate increased the pressure nearly 2.5-fold; under these conditions effluxes of na+, cl- and h2o were all increased approxi ...19816911027
depression of sodium, chloride and calcium ions in the plasma of goldfish (carassius auratus) and immature freshwater- and seawater-adapted eels (anguilla anguilla l.) after acute administration of salmon calcitonin.goldfish showed a significant reduction in their plasma sodium and calcium levels 1 h after receiving 50 i.u. calcitonin per kg body weight. when 100 i.u. calcitonin were injected there was a significant fall in circulating levels of both sodium and calcium and also of chloride ions compared with those found in untreated control animals. administration of calcitonin to immature eels adapted to either freshwater or seawater conditions showed no significant change in plasma ion composition at dose ...19836875432
immunocytochemistry of gonadotropic cells in the pituitary of some teleost species.an antiserum (anti-sgth) raised against salmon gonadotropin (sg-g100) was tested on pituitary sections of sarotherodon mossambicus, carassius auratus, anguilla anguilla (intact and estradiol-treated to induce the development of the gonadotropic (gth) cells), salmo trutta fario, and a protandric marine teleost (sarpa salpa, sparidae). using an immunoenzymologic technique, anti-sgth stained gth and thyrotropic (tsh) cells in the species studied. anti-sgth stained the granulated gth cells in s. tru ...19836862173
response of prolactin cells to environmental calcium in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.).prolactin (prl) cell activity was investigated in eels kept in fresh water (fw), deionized water (dw) supplemented or not with ca (2 mm), in ca-enriched fw (10 mm), in normal (ca 3.4 mm) or ca-free 1/3 sea water (sw), and in sw (ca 10.2 mm) or ca-free sw (ca 0.15 mm). light-microscopic studies, including measurement of the nuclear area and cell height, showed that prl cell activity, reduced in dw, is not affected by ca supplementation. activity is reduced in ca-enriched fw, in 1/3 sw and in sw, ...19836850745
structure and motility of the 9 + 0 flagellum of eel spermatozoa.scanning and electron microscopic study of the spermatozoon of the eel, anguilla anguilla, has shown that the large oblong head is attached eccentrically by one end to the basal end of the true flagellum and contains a pseudoflagellum that splits into two groups of tubules as it passes around the nucleus. the 9+0 axoneme of the true flagellum lacks outer dynein arms and the radial spoke complex. the movement of anguilla sperm is characterized by rapid forward progression that is the result of le ...19836842644
[immunocytochemical detection in stannius corpuscles of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) of a hormone similar to the mammalian parathyroid hormone].in eels the parathyrin of the corpuscles of stannius (pcs), mammalian parathyroid-like hormone, has been localized in the cytoplasm of all the cells in the corpuscles. this detection was done by indirect immunofluorescence with an antiserum anti 1-84 bovine parathormone. the specificity of the reaction was demonstrated by inhibition of the coloration obtained with the 1-84 bovine parathormone and the active fragment 1-34 of human parathormone. variations of the cellular localization of the pcs o ...19816802446
[structural similarities between the hypocalcemia hormone of the corpuscles of stannius of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) and the mammalian parathyroid hormone].extracts of the corpuscules of stannius enhance eel gill calcium efflux and increase bone resorption in the rat. thus the hormone is hypocalcaemic in the eel although hypercalcaemic in the rat. we show here that a 15 min. pulse perfusion of a synthetic fragment of human pth 1-34 had a similar effect on gill calcium fluxes to that of cs extract. further, we found that eel plasma contains a substance reacting with five different antibodies against bovine pth. the concentration of this plasma mater ...19806784952
paradoxical effect of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol on osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in the skeleton of the eel anguilla anguilla l.female mature eels (300 to 500 g) received one intraperitoneal injection of 1.25(oh)2d3 (10 microgram). their vertebral bone was compared, 8 h and 24 h after the injection, with vertebral bone of control mature female eels receiving solvent alone (ethanol). sexual maturation in female eels induces a bone decalcification with hypercalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia. the control eels showed marked osteoclastic resorption and osteocytic osteolysis and the degree of mineralization of the intercellular ...19806775784
presence and distribution of radioimmunoassayable lhrh in the european eel, anguilla anguilla.eel brain contains a factor which exhibited a complete cross-reaction in a radioimmunoassay (ria) for mammalian luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) and which exhibited a behavior similar to that of synthetic mammalian lhrh on sephadex g-25. eel brains contained 920 +/- 135 pg of this lhrh-like immunoreactive factor (ir-lhrh); 75% of immunoreactivity was present in the di- and mes-encephalon, 21% in the telencephalon and 4% in the hind-brain. thus, ir-lhrh in eel brain exhibited a much w ...19826761597
physicochemical properties and n-terminal sequence of eel lectin.some physicochemical properties of the l-fucose-binding lectin from the serum of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) were determined. the lectin is a dimer composed of identical subunits of mr approx. 40000. in agreement with previous results [horejsí & kocourek (1978) biochim. biophys. acta 538, 299-315], the subunit was shown to comprise two non-glycosylated polypeptides of mr approx. 20000 and linked by disulphide bonds. n-terminal sequence analysis, carboxypeptidase digestion and peptide ma ...19846743262
influence of thermal acclimation on glucose production and ketogenesis in isolated eel hepatocytes.hepatocytes were isolated by collagenase perfusion of the liver from adult eels (anguilla anguilla l.) acclimated to different temperatures. whereas the relative weight of the liver increased in cold-acclimated fish, hepatocytes from 10- and 20 degrees c-acclimated animals did not differ in cellular weight, dry weight, or protein content. endogenous rates of oxygen consumption and respiratory control ratios were independent of acclimation temperature. there was no effect of temperature on triacy ...19846720921
sex determination in the european eel (anguilla anguilla, l.). a hypothesis based on cytogenetic results, correlated with the findings of skewed sex ratios in eel culture ponds.metaphase chromosomes from cultured blood cells of female, male, and hermaphroditic european eels were analyzed. in addition, both gonads from each of the specimens were examined microscopically to ensure correct sexing. the karyological investigation revealed that in some of the specimens a heteromorphic chromosome pair was present. this heteromorphism appeared in both sexes and in the hermaphrodite. c-banding and silver nitrate staining demonstrated that the heteromorphism was due to quantitat ...19836661926
effects of steroid hormones on pituitary immunoreactive gonadotropin in european freshwater eel, anguilla anguilla l.the low pituitary immunoreactive gonadotropin (ir gth) contents of immature female or male freshwater eels were strongly increased after intraperitoneal injections of estradiol. using female eels, the effect was shown to be dose dependent. in neither sex was modification of pituitary ir gth observed after progesterone treatment; a very small increase (significant in females but not in males) was produced by cortisol. an important sexual difference occurred with testosterone, which strongly stimu ...19836654031
influence of temperature, environmental salinity and fasting on the patterns of fatty acids synthesized by gills and liver of the european eel (anguilla anguilla).a rise in temperature on the average from 8 to 28 degrees c resulted in an enhanced relative incorporation of [1-14c]acetate into saturated fatty acids in liver tissue. the same effect was seen in gill tissue, but only after incubation in vitro and when the precursor was injected into the eel. when [1-14c]acetate was added to the water in the incubation tank such a "homeoviscous adaption" was not observed in gill tissue. a rise in temperature resulted in less relative incorporation of radioactiv ...19836617156
the transport of orthovanadate and similar oxyanions in relation to salt and water transport across the isolated intestine of the common eel, anguilla anguilla.an intestinal preparation from the common eel (anguilla anguilla) was characterized for both mucosal to serosal and serosal to mucosal transport of water, alanine, sodium and chloride. the preparation showed a net outflux of water and a net influx of alanine, and no net fluxes of sodium or chloride. the influxes of all four substances and the outflux of water were inhibited by ouabain, while the outfluxes of alanine, sodium and chloride were increased by ouabain. influxes and outfluxes of the ox ...19836550622
retinal fine structure in the european eel anguilla anguilla. iii. pigment epithelium of the yellow eel stage.the catadromous migrations of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) are accompanied by a number of morphological and biochemical alterations within the visual system. this report describes the morphology of the retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris and bruch's membrane of the yellow eel and forms the third in a series describing the morphological changes in the retina of the eel during its life cycle. the retinal epithelium of the yellow eel stage consists of a single layer of cuboidal cel ...19846529011
fish growth hormone enhances peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.).in the eel, a low dose of tilapia growth hormone (tgh) (45 ng/g body wt), like ovine gh (ogh), induces a decrease in plasma thyroxine and a concomitant increase in plasma triiodothyronine, which result from a stimulation of peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine. salmon prolactin (sprl), unlike ovine prl (oprl), has no such action. recognition of this specific action of growth hormone (gh) on production of active thyroid hormone (t3) opens up a new approach to the problem of the ...19846510691
retinal fine structure in the european eel anguilla anguilla. ii. photoreceptors of the glass eel stage.the eye of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) undergoes marked morphological changes during its long and complex life cycle. this report describes the fine structure of the photoreceptors of the glass eel stage and forms part of a comparative study of the retina of the eel during the major stages of its life cycle. the photoreceptors of the glass eels are readily divisible into rods and cones based on morphological criteria. rods are more numerous and much longer than cone cells, reaching to t ...19846507891
circadian variations of catecholamine levels in brain, heart, and plasma in the eel, anguilla anguilla l., at three different times of year.the amounts of catecholamine (dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline) in the brain, heart, and plasma of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) during a 24-hr period and at three different times of year were determined by using a radioenzymatic method. seasonal variations of catecholamine average values were found to be different when considering catecholamine levels in the same tissue (one exception: heart levels in may) or the same amine in different tissues. circadian rhythms of catecholamine levels ...19846468922
[effect of change of habitat (sea and fresh water) on in vivo thyroglobulin synthesis in atlantic glassed eels (anguilla anguilla l.)].thyroid biosynthesis in glassed eels (anguilla anguilla l.) was studied to establish whether salinity changes could affect it, when they live in sea water or in fresh water containing 125i. aqueous extrait of homogenized cephalic heads of glassed eels contains an iodinated protein 17-19 s having thyroglobulin-like properties and including iodotyrosins (mit and dit) and thyroid hormones (3 and t4). biosynthesis of this proteins is roughly twice more important in fresh water than in sea water at 1 ...19816457669
[effect of salmon calcitonin on intestinal absorption of calcium in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.)].salmon calcitonin (sct) acted, in eel, on ca intestinal absorption by modulating ca flux lumen-plasma (phi calp) intensity. this response was dependent upon the basal value of the intestinal ca absorption; a linear relation between the basal phi calp and its variation after sct was shown. after stannius corpuscles removal the lower phi calp was stimulated by sct in all cases.19836416625
[stimulation of peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine by ovine somatotropic hormone in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.)].one injection of ovine growth hormone (1.27 x 10(-5) usp units/g body weight) determines in the eel, 1 day later, a twofold decrease in plasma thyroxine level as well as a twofold increase in plasma triiodothyronine level. these modifications of circulating iodothyronine levels result from a considerable stimulation of the peripheral deiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine, shown by a kinetic study of labelled thyroxine metabolism. the increase of production of metabolically active hormone ...19836405997
root effect induced by co2 and by fixed acid in the blood of the eel, anguilla anguilla.the decrease in o2 capacity with decreasing ph (root effect) was studied in eel blood in which ph was varied in the range 5 to 9 both by addition of acid or base (fixed-acid root effect) and by varying pco2 (co2 root effect). hemoglobin-bound oxygen was independent of po2 above 150 torr and was thus referred to as o2 capacity (o2cap). at ph below 8.5, o2cap decreased sigmoidally with ph to attain, below a ph of 6.0, a value which, at 15 degrees c, averaged about 48% of the maximum o2cap, measure ...19836405470
effects of temperature and dose level on in vivo dynamics of unlabelled bovine insulin in eels (anguilla anguilla l.).the in vivo dynamics of bolus-injected, unlabelled bovine insulin in eels (anguilla anguilla l.), analysed by compartmental and noncompartmental methods, were found to be significantly influenced by acclimation temperature and insulin dose level. at 12 degrees, plasma clearance of insulin was essentially monoexponential, whereas at 22 degrees, the disappearance curves could be resolved into two exponential components. metabolic clearance rate (mcr) and apparent distribution volume (vdist) of ins ...19836341164
development of a heterologous radioimmunoassay for eel (anguilla anguilla) gonadotropin.a heterologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for eel gonadotropin (gth) was developed, using an antiserum to the beta subunit of carp gth (cgthbeta). partially purified eel gth preparations or crude eel pituitary extracts produced partial cross-reactions: the inhibition curves reached a plateau before complete inhibition of the binding of the tracer and the slopes were lower than those for cgth. however, the parallelism between the inhibition curves produced by all the eel samples allowed estimation of ...19836301935
muscle fibre differentiation and vascularisation in the juvenile european eel (anguilla anguilla l.).the differentiation of the lateral musculature in the elver stage of the european eel (anguilla anguilla, l.) has been studied using histochemical staining techniques. extracellular lipid deposits constitute 12% of the body cross-sectional area. two fibre type may be distinguished on the basis of myofibrillar atpase activity. fibres with an alkaline-labile (ph 10.2) atpase occur as a two-fibre layer around the trunk circumference, with invaginations along the horizontal septum and fin insertions ...19826277491
cl- -hco3- dependent atpase in gills of freshwater and seawater adapted eels (anguilla anguilla l.).the gills of both seawater and freshwater adapted eels have an atpase activity which is stimulated by anions in the presence of mg2+. plasma membranes were distinguished from mitochondrial membranes with specific enzyme markers, the membrane fractions separated on a discontinuous sucrose gradient, and the atpase activity of the plasma membranes studied. activation by the anions of cl- or hco3- followed michaelis-menten kinetics and was competitively inhibited by scn-. the cl- and hco3- activatio ...19816260235
opsin-immunoreactive outer segments in the pineal and parapineal organs of the lamprey (lampetra fluviatilis), the eel (anguilla anguilla), and the rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri).the pineal complex of lampetra fluviatilis, anguilla anguilla and salmo gairdneri was studied by means of the indirect immunohistochemical antiopsin reaction. opsin-immunoreactive material was demonstrated in the outer segments of the photoreceptor cells in the pineal organ of all three species investigated. in the lamprey, the opsin-positive outer segments were located in the lumen of the pineal vesicle and atrium. in the two teleost species, the immunoreactive outer segments were observed in a ...19836221801
retinofugal projections in the eel, anguilla anguilla l. (teleostei), visualized by the cobalt-filling technique.the retinofugal projections in the eel were studied by use of the cobalt-filling technique. the optic tract projects contralaterally to the hypothalamic optic nucleus, the anterior periventricular nucleus, the lateral geniculate nucleus, the dorsomedial optic nucleus, four pretectal recipient areas, the optic tectum, and the tegmentum. small ipsilateral projections were demonstrated in the hypothalamic optic nucleus, the dorsomedial optic nucleus, and the optic tectum.19826181888
distribution of c-band heterochromatin in the zw sex chromosomes of european and american eels (anguillidae, teleostomi).the zw sex chromosomes of the european eel, anguilla anguilla, and the american eel, a. rostrata, were examined with c-band and fluorescent staining to demonstrate the c-band heterochromatin. the w as well as z chromosomes in both species are c-band negative except for a small amount of c-band heterochromatin in the centromeric region, in contrast to the w or y elements of most other vertebrates. no fluorescing w-associated body is evident either in interphase nuclei or in metaphase plates. the ...19816173168
the effect of prolonged fasting on total lipid synthesis and enzyme activities in the liver of the european eel (anguilla anguilla).the extent of fatty acid synthesis from [1-14c]acetate in liver slices was reduced 6-fold when eels were fasted for 1-7 weeks and 20-fold when fasted for 39 weeks; thereafter hepatic lipogenesis seemed to remain constant for up to 95 weeks of fasting. after a 1-3 week fast some hepatic enzyme activities were reduced (acetyl-coa carboxylase decreased 2-fold and fatty acid synthetase declined 5-fold), while others remained unchanged (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogen ...19846150805
iron-rich particles in european eel (anguilla anguilla l.).magnetic material in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) was investigated by a combination of magnetic susceptibility measurements, energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis and transmission electron microscopy. it was shown that the magnetic material is associated with iron. the main part of the iron is present in the form of iron-rich particles with irregular shapes about 100-3000 a large. the structures of magnetite (fe3o4), hematite (alpha-fe2o3) and alpha-iron (bcc structure) were i ...19846148194
hair cell orientation and a possible intraepithelial growth of the macula lagenae in the inner ear of the european eel.the hair cell orientation of the macula lagenae in eels at three different stages of life was examined with the light microscope. part of the posterior periphery of all three stages was occupied by a few rows of sensory cells having their kinocilium pointing in a direction opposite to the direction of the adjacent sensory cells. the width of this peripheral belt remained the same at all three stages of life, in spite of a considerable growth of the sensory epithelium, and the belt was always con ...19846145122
effects of aconitine and veratrine on the isolated perfused heart of the common eel (anguilla anguilla l.).the effects of two alkaloids: aconitine and veratrine have been investigated in isolated perfused heart of the common eel (anguilla anguilla l.). low concentrations (less than 10(-6)m) of aconitine induced a decrease of the heart rate where high concentrations (greater than 10(-6)m) produced a tachycardia and finally led to a depolarization of cardiac cells. veratrine induced a decrease of the heart rate depending on the concentration. a cardiac arrest was observed with high concentrations (grea ...19846144445
storage and release of catecholamines by nervous endings in the isolated heart of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.).experiments performed on isolated perfused hearts of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) showed that the heart spontaneously released catecholamines (i.e. adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine) suggesting that they take part in the cardiac regulation. stimulation of cardiac vagus branches significantly increased catecholamines levels, measured in a perfusion medium and simultaneously the heart rate and the systolic pressure. the effect of desmethylimipramine showed that the catecholamines were released ...19846141873
vasoconstrictory effects of adrenalin on the perfused head of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.).adrenalin (5.0 x 10(-5) m) increases gill vascular resistance up to 23.2 +/- 6.8% in the isolated and perfused head of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). this vasoactive response is nearly abolished by the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent phentolamine mesylate (5.0 x 10(-5) m), while it is increased by the beta-blocker propranolol (5.0 x 10(-4) m). from these results it may be inferred that, in our experimental conditions, the major response to the catecholamine is a vasoconstriction mediat ...19836139251
separation by velocity sedimentation of the gill epithelial cells and their atpases activities in the seawater adapted eel anguilla anguilla l.the separation of cell populations by sedimentation was carried out on heterogeneous suspensions of branchial cells of the seawater adapted eel anguilla anguilla. the cell sedimentation rates vary mainly in relation to size and permit the separation of enriched fractions of chloride cells and respiratory cells. the method is described and discussed. the homogeneity of the separated populations was checked by microscopy and particle counting. an enrichment of 95% by volume concentration of the tw ...19836137310
csf-contacting and other somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons in the brains of anguilla anguilla, phoxinus phoxinus, and salmo gairdneri (teleostei).a system of somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons was demonstrated in the brains of the eel, anguilla anguilla, the european minnow, phoxinus phoxinus, and the rainbow trout, salmo gairdneri, by means of the light-microscopic indirect immunoperoxidase technique. in the anterior periventricular nucleus, somatostatin-immunoreactive cerebrospinal fluid (csf)-contacting neurons display intensely stained intraventricular dendritic protrusions, perikarya, and axonal processes. the latter taper into a so ...19836137283
seasonal variations in circadian rhythm of hypothalamic catecholamine content in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.).1. changes in catecholamine content (ca) in hypothalamus of male and female eel (anguilla anguilla l.) were defined using the falck-hillarp histochemical fluorescence method for a 24-hr period during the summer (l:d = 16:8) and winter (l:d = 8:16). 2. a circadian rhythm in the catecholamine content was found in the hypothalamus. ca content was lower by night than by day. 3. a longer light day (summer period) caused the shifting of rhythm phase in ca content. 4. sex of eels does not affect ca con ...19836135557
effects of adrenaline on isolated heart of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) during winter.1. the intrinsic effects of adrenaline on the myocardium of the eel in winter were investigated in the isolated perfused eel heart. 2. adrenaline was ineffective both on the pacemaker activity and auricular action potentials but markedly increased ventricular action potential duration, thus leading to an auriculo-ventricular desynchronisation. 3. this effect was not reversed by propranolol but was by phentolamine and was attributed to the stimulation of alpha receptors. 4. clonidine reproduced t ...19836133696
an investigation of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in eel plasma.1. carbonic anhydrase activity in blood and gill from freshwater and seawater acclimated european eels, anguilla anguilla has been determined. 2. plasma from freshwater and seawater eels possess a potent inhibitor of erythrocytic carbonic anhydrase, in agreement with previous investigations on freshwater fish. 3. the plasma inhibitor is equally effective against gill and gut carbonic anhydrase from the eel. although not as potent, the eel inhibitor is also effective against ca from rainbow trout ...19836130879
effects of anaesthesia and surgery on levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline in blood plasma of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.).1. the effects of surgery and anaesthesia on adrenaline and noradrenaline plasma levels were investigated in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 2. effect of surgery: highest values were obtained when putting back the fish in water. three hours after surgery, adrenaline and noradrenaline plasma levels were always significantly higher than those obtained 24 and 48 hr after surgery. 3. effect of anaesthesia: anaesthesia only had no effect on adrenaline and noradrenaline plasma levels. 4. it was conclu ...19826125328
effect of stress on the circadian rhythmicity of hypothalamic catecholamine content in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19816117406
blood-brain barrier for serotonin in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19816112113
pineal neural connections with the brain in two teleosts, the crucian carp and the european eel.the neural connections between the pineal organ and the brain were investigated in two teleost species: the crucian carp and the european eel. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was administered into the pineal parenchyma in vivo or in vitro. after 12-96 hours, the brains were fixed, and hrp was reacted in frozen sections with either diaminobenzidine (dab) or hanker-yate's reagent. the hrp had entered the pineal neurons, and had labeled their axonal processes (the pineal tract) in a golgi-like manner. ...19846085876
adrenergic receptors in the swimbladder and gut of a teleost (anguilla anguilla). 19676080520
cortisol, a sodium excreting factor in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) adapted to sea water. 19676053073
the role of the liver in the maintenance of plasma proteins and amino acids in the eel, anguilla anguilla l., with reference to amino acid deamination. 19676049985
[isolation of neurosecretion granules from the preoptic nucleus and total hypophysis of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) by ultracentrifugation]. 20166049264
steroidogenesis in vitro by homogenates of adrenocortical tissue of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19676042701
studies on the experimental alteration of water and electrolyte composition of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19676020902
endocrine influences on the net extrarenal fluxes of sodium and potassium in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19676020256
[in vitro study of corticosteroidogenesis in the interrenal gland of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.)]. 19665968949
effect of hypophysectomy on osmoregulation in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19665967411
changes in the pituitary of the migrating european eel during its journey from rivers to the sea. 19665966246
biogenesis of corticosteroids in the european eel anguilla anguilla l. 19665900570
adrenocortical steroid production by the interrenal tissue of the fresh-water european silver eel (anguilla anguilla) and the marine eel (conger conger) in vitro. 19655881760
[activity of the pars intermedia of the autotransplanted pituitary gland in the european eel]. 19695807449
[note on innervation of the gills in anguilla anguilla l]. 19695781534
renal function in the european ell (anguilla anguilla l.): changes in blood pressure and renal function of the freshwater eel transferred to sea-water. 19695773779
[effects of infralethal concentrations of phenitrothion on the acetylcholinesterase activity of the brain of the eel (anguilla anguilla l)]. 19685757751
[demonstration and determination of oxytocic-type activity of whole homogenates and granular fractions of the preoptico-hypophyseal system in the eel (anguilla anguilla l)]. 19685691923
the effect of mammalian calcitonin on the plasma levels of calcium and inorganic phosphate in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l). 19685674696
[on the composition of hemoglobin of the freshwater turtle glemys caspica rivulata and the eel anguilla anguilla]. 19685650501
types of secretory neurones in the pre-optic nucleus of the european eel, anguill anguilla l. 19675583504
measurement of plasma cortisol levels in the eel anguilla anguilla in relation to osmotic adjustments. 19715580828
[histologic study on the cellular bone of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) during sexual maturation. 3. histological and histophysical study during maturation induced by injections of carp pituitary extract]. 19715565398
[the cellular bone of the teleost fish "anguilla anguilla l". ii. effect of the removal of stannius bodies]. 19705503339
effects of adrenalectomy and cortisol injection on the in vitro movement of water by the intestine of the freshwater european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19705500432
[the cellular bone of the teleost fish "anguilla anguilla l". i. a histocytologic and histophysical study]. 19705498235
[chromatographic separation and determination of arginine-vasotocin and isotocin in the pituitary and preoptic nucleus of the north sea eel (anguilla anguilla l)]. 19705485276
demonstration of several forms of decalcification in bone of the teleost fish, anguilla anguilla l. 19705427980
the non-protein nitrogenous constituents in the parietal muscle of the eel anguilla anguilla and their possible role in adaptation to changes in salinity. 19705420063
the mechanism of salt and water absorption in the intestine of the eel (anguilla anguilla) adapted to waters of various salinities.1. the absorption of nacl and water was studied by intraluminal in vivo perfusion of the intestine of the yellow european eel (anguilla anguilla) adapted to fresh water (fw), to sea water (sw), and to double strength sw (dsw).2. the net lumen to plasma nacl transport from diluted sw perfusion fluids was independent of the nacl concentration in the na(+) concentration range tested. the nacl absorption (expressed as mu-equiv/100 g.hr.) increased from fw (mean +/- s.e.): na(+) 166 +/- 17, cl(-) 205 ...19695352039
[experimental determination of geomagnetic reception in the european eel]. 19715131474
drinking and urine production in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19715087953
[accumulation and excretion of organic substances by the branchial chloride cells in sea-water adapted eel (anguilla anguilla l.)]. 19725086875
cholecystokinin-pancreozymin-like activity in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.). 19725047345
the effects of calcium on branchial sodium fluxes in the sea-water adapted eel, anguilla anguilla, l.1. the sodium influx through the gills of eels placed in calcium-free sea water for 15 hr was double that of controls. the effect was reversed in 1 hr by addition of calcium.2. the total sodium outflux through the gills of fish placed in calcium-free sea water for 15 hr was double that of controls. the effect was only partially reversed in 15 hr by addition of calcium.3. the passive outflux component of the total outflux was increased fourfold when calcium was removed and was restored to normal ...19725033473
[studies of the regio olfactoria in the eel, anguilla anguilla. i. fine structure of the olfactory epithelium]. 19725011141
[hypophysectomy in european eel (anguilla anguilla l.): study by chromatographic separation and biological assay of the development of hormones of ocytocic type (arginine-vasotocin and isotocin) along preopticohypophyseal tract]. 19704987590
[histophysical study of the bone of a teleostean anguilla anguilla l. during hypercalcemia induced by experimental maturation]. 19704986686
[cesium-137 dynamics in anguilla anguilla (l.)]. 19704984954
[chromatographic separation and determination of hormones of the oxytocin type (arginine-vasotocin and isotocin) from the pituitary and preoptic nucleus of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.): eels from the baltic sea]. 20164982508
[chromatographic separation and determination of oxytocin type hormones (arginine-vasotocin and isotocin) from the hypophysis and preoptic nucleus of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). eels from alsace (auenheim and loire-atlantic (grande-brière)]. 19694981975
[specificity difference of anti-h reactants of animal origin (serum of the eel anguilla anguilla) and of plant origin (ulex europaeus) with red blood cells from certain primates]. 19694981851
[groups of transferrins in anguilla anguilla l. phenotypes observed in a population caught on the coast of turkey]. 19684973647
[histophysiologic study of the ultimobrachial body of a teleostean, anguilla anguilla l. during experimental hypercalcemia]. 19684972981
[in vivo study of the intestinal absorption of water and electrolytes in anguilla anguilla adapted to media of changing salinity]. 19674967860
[transferrin groups in the anguilla anguilla. study of two mediterranean populations of different geographic origin]. 19674965498
[groups of transferrins in the anguilla species. differences in the phenotypic frequencies of transferrins in anguilla anguilla and anguilla rostrata]. 19674963637
[light and electron microscopic studies on the islands of langerhans in eels. (conger conger, muraena helena, anguilla anguilla)]. 19694907946
studies on the european eel (anguilla anguilla, l). 19684905255
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