Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| dopamine receptor subtypes expressed in vertebrate (carp and eel) retinae: cloning, sequencing and comparison of five d1-like and three d2-like receptors. | eight dopamine receptor-like cdna clones were isolated from the carp (cyprinus carpio) retina and four dopamine receptor-like cdna clones were isolated from the european eel (anguilla anguilla) retina. these cdna clones show high sequence and structural homology to the known dopamine receptor subtypes. the sequence similarity and phylogenetic analysis revealed that five subtypes (d1a3, d1a4, d1b, d1c and d1x) in the carp retina and four subtypes (d1a1, d1a2, d1b and d1c) in the eel retina are d1 ... | 1998 | 9826915 |
| cu uptake, metabolism and elimination in fed and starved european eels (anguilla anguilla) during adaptation to water-borne cu exposure. | 64cu accumulation and total cu concentrations were measured in gill filaments, plasma, liver and bile of fed and starved european eels (anguilla anguilla) during 28 days of exposure to 12 and 94 micrograms cu l-1. branchial cu uptake was found to be 0.03 and 0.13 microgram cu g gill filament-1 h-1 at 12 and 94 micrograms cu l-1, respectively, throughout 28 days of cu exposure. at least during exposure to 94 micrograms cu l-1, the basolateral membrane seemed to be the rate limiting step for branc ... | 1998 | 9827044 |
| in vivo inhibition of ache activity in the european eel anguilla anguilla exposed to technical grade fenitrothion. | european eel (anguilla anguilla) were exposed to sublethal fenitrothion concentrations in a continuous flow-through system for 4 days. plasma acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity was evaluated after 2, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 56, 72 and 96 h pesticide exposure. ache activity in the plasma of the eel decreased as concentration of fenitrothion increased. pesticide induced significant inhibitory effects on the ache activity of a. anguilla ranging from 51% inhibition at sublethal concentration of 0.02 pp ... | 1998 | 9827055 |
| radiodiagnostic method for studying swimbladder inflammation caused by anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea). | the nematode anguillicola crassus appeared in europe about 15 yr ago, and has subsequently become recognised as a cause of major pathological lesions in the swimbladder of the european eel anguilla anguilla. the radiographic method reported in this paper showed be a useful complement to diagnostic methods that have so far been based exclusively on fish dissection. using this method, the infection of the swimbladder and the severity of its pathological changes can be assessed in a reliable manner ... | 1998 | 9828409 |
| heterogeneity among isolates of vibrio vulnificus recovered from eels (anguilla anguilla) in denmark. | the findings of this study demonstrate that vibrio vulnificus isolates recovered from diseased eels in denmark are heterogeneous as shown by o serovars, capsule types, ribotyping, phage typing, and plasmid profiling. the study includes 85 v. vulnificus isolates isolated from the gills, intestinal contents, mucus, spleen, and kidneys of eels during five disease outbreaks on two danish eel farms from 1995 to 1997, along with a collection of 12 v. vulnificus reference strains. the results showed th ... | 1998 | 9835548 |
| chloride channels in the eel intestine | patches of freshly isolated epithelial cells from eel anguilla anguilla intestine bathed by the same solution on both sides in the cell-attached configuration had conductances of 57.0+/-1.8 ps (for positive voltages) and 13.3+/-0.7 ps (for negative voltages) (means +/- s.e.m., n=25). electrical activity was spontaneous in the cell-attached configuration, but was frequently lost after excision. in inside-out patches, channel activity was restored by strong hyperpolarization (-150 mv for 5 s) or d ... | 1999 | 9841893 |
| composition and diversity of helminth communities in eels anguilla anguilla in the river tiber: long-term changes and comparison with insular europe | most studies of helminth communities in the european eel anguilla anguilla have been undertaken in the british isles, and there are very few analyses of community composition and structure from continental europe. to fill this gap and test the hypothesis that helminth communities in freshwater eels in the british isles are not typical of those of continental europe, helminth communities of eels in the river tiber below rome were analysed by season using data collected in 1980 and new data from 1 ... | 1998 | 9858625 |
| metabolic studies on eel (anguilla anguilla l.) hepatocytes in primary culture: effect of 17 beta-estradiol and growth hormone. | previous studies demonstrated that native and recombinant growth hormone from mammalian and fish species potentiate the estrogenic induction of vitellogenin synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. in the present study, the metabolic competence (respiratory activity and estradiol catabolism) of cultured hepatocytes and their functional capacity to synthesize a specific protein, vitellogenin, in the presence of estradiol and/or bovine growth hormone was investigated. in addition, we examined the po ... | 1998 | 9883567 |
| genetic variation of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) | the genetic population structure of the european eel anguilla anguilla l. was investigated by sequencing the mitochondrial d-loop region of 55 eels caught at different european locations. in total, 51 haplotypes were identified. pairwise genetic distances ranged from 0% to 6.33% with an average value +/- sd of 3.01% +/- 1.18%, indicating little dna differentiation among the european eel population. none of the node bifurcations of the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was strongly supported, su ... | 1998 | 9892716 |
| amphibians and larvae of aquatic insects as new paratenic hosts of anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea), a swimbladder parasite of eels. | amphibians (tadpoles of the frog bombina bombina [l.] and the newt triturus vulgaris [l.]) and aquatic insects (larvae of the alderfly sialis lutaria [l.] [megaloptera], dragonflies sympetrum sanguineum [miller] and coenagrion puella [l.] [odonata], and the caddisfly oligotrichia striati [l.] [trichoptera]) were found to serve as paratenic hosts for the third-stage larvae (l3) of the nematode anguillicola crassus kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974, a pathogenic swimbladder parasite of the eel angu ... | 1998 | 9925427 |
| localization of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in the central nervous system of the european eel anguilla anguilla: stimulatory effect of pacap on gh secretion. | 1998 | 9928053 | |
| biochemical and genotoxic responses of adult eel (anguilla anguilla l.) to resin acids and pulp mill effluent: laboratory and field experiments. | the potential of a secondary-treated bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (bkpme) and resin acids (ras) to induce liver ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (enas) in adult anguilla anguilla l. was investigated in laboratory and field experiments. hepatic health was assessed by measurement of liver alanine transaminase (alt). one single intraperitoneal injection of abietic acid (aa) or dehydroabietic acid (dhaa), at the same molar dose (14.7 micromol/k ... | 1999 | 9931243 |
| thiobencarb toxicity and plasma ache inhibition in the european eel. | the acute toxicity of the herbicide thiobencarb (s-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate) was determined for the european eel (anguilla anguilla). the 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours median lethal concentrations (lc50) were 25.7, 21.7, 17.0 and 13.2 mg/l, respectively. fish were also exposed to a sublethal thiobencarb concentration (1/60 lc50-96 hr = 0.22 mg/l) during 96 hours in a flow-through system and then an elimination period of 192 hours in clean water was allowed. eels were removed and blood sampl ... | 1999 | 10048205 |
| cortisol selectively stimulates pituitary gonadotropin beta-subunit in a primitive teleost, anguilla anguilla. | it has been suggested that in mammals, glucocorticoids, beside their stress-related inhibitory effects on reproductive function, may also play a stimulatory role at the onset of puberty. using the juvenile female eel as a model, we investigated the potential stimulatory role of cortisol (f) on pituitary gonadotropin (gth-ii). gth-ii levels were measured by ria, and messenger rna (mrna) levels for alpha- and gth-ii beta-subunits were determined by dot blot using homologous probes. f treatment inc ... | 1999 | 10067848 |
| isolation and characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus causing infection in iberian toothcarp aphanius iberus. | high mortality among laboratory cultured iberian toothcarp aphanius iberus occurred in february 1997 in valencia (spain). the main signs of the disease were external haemorrhage and tail rot. bacteria isolated from internal organs of infected fish were biochemically homogeneous and identified as vibrio parahaemolyticus. the bacteria were haemolytic against erythrocytes from eel anguilla anguilla, amberjack seriola dumerili, toothcarp a. iberus and humans, and were kanagawa-phenomenon-negative. i ... | 1999 | 10073316 |
| vasodilation of swimbladder vessels in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) induced by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, nitric oxide, adenosine and protons | the effects of &bgr;-adrenergic stimulation, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip), adenosine, the nitric oxide (no)-releasing agent sodium nitroprusside and of metabolic end-products of gas gland cell metabolism on swimbladder blood flow were investigated using saline- or blood-perfused swimbladder preparations of the freshwater european eel anguilla anguilla. while &bgr;-adrenergic vasodilation was not detectable, a bolus injection of adenosine (100 microl, 10(-)7 mol l-1) and application of ... | 1999 | 10085273 |
| localization of carbonic anhydrase in swimbladder of european eel (anguilla anguilla) and perch (perca fluviatilis). | the distribution of carbonic anhydrase in swimbladder tissue and especially in gas gland cells of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) and the perch (perca fluviatilis) was analysed using histochemical staining according to hansson (1967), with modifications proposed by riddersträle (1991). while in the european eel, gas gland cells are distributed as a single layered epithelium over the whole secretory part of the swimbladder, the gas gland of the perch consists of a compact, richly vascularize ... | 1999 | 10090334 |
| density-dependent effects on anguillicola crassus (nematoda) within its european eel definitive host. | density-dependent effects on adult and larval stages of the introduced nematode parasite anguillicola crassus in the european eel definitive host were examined in the laboratory in naturally infected fish, and in field samples. the effect of adult nematode subpopulations on larval development over time and the effect of increasing adult intensity on the gravid female subpopulations were investigated. at high adult subpopulations the movement of larvae from the swimbladder wall into the swimbladd ... | 1999 | 10205805 |
| a kinematic comparison of forward and backward swimming in the eel anguilla anguilla | in addition to forward undulatory swimming, eels (and some other elongated swimmers) can swim backwards in a similar way. we compared the kinematics (wave speed, cycle frequency, amplitude, local bending and estimated muscle strain) of forward and backward swimming in the european eel anguilla anguilla. both swimming modes are characterised by a wave of undulation that travels over the body in the direction opposite to that of swimming. we observe two major kinematic differences. first, the slop ... | 1999 | 10229697 |
| characterization by enzyme electrophoresis of specimens of the genus helicometra (trematoda, opecoelidae) from fish caught off the coast of northwest spain. | species within the genus helicometra are difficult to distinguish on morphological grounds alone, and are best discriminated with the aid of biochemical techniques. in the work reported here, the electrophoretic mobility of malate dehydrogenase isoenzyme of the mdh-1 locus was used to characterize 375 individuals of helicometra obtained from various teleost species (anguilla anguilla, conger conger, gobius niger or ciliata mustela) caught off the coast of northwest spain. the results suggest tha ... | 1999 | 10229945 |
| evidence that corticotropin-releasing hormone acts as a growth hormone-releasing factor in a primitive teleost, the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | the inhibitory control of growth hormone (gh) release by somatostatin (srih) has been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution. in contrast, the neuropeptides involved in the stimulatory control of gh vary according to species and/or physiological situations. we investigated the direct pituitary regulation of gh release in a primitive teleost, the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) at the juvenile stage. short-term serum-free primary cultures of dispersed pituitary cells were used, and gh rele ... | 1999 | 10320566 |
| differentiation of helicobacter pylori isolates based on lectin binding of cell extracts in an agglutination assay. | plant and animal lectins with various carbohydrate specificities were used to type 35 irish clinical isolates of helicobacter pylori and the type strain nctc 11637 in a microtiter plate assay. initially, a panel of eight lectins with the indicated primary specificities were used: anguilla anguilla (aaa), lotus tetragonolobus (lotus a), and ulex europaeus i (uea i), specific for alpha-l-fucose; solanum tuberosum (sta) and triticum vulgaris (wga), specific for beta-n-acetylglucosamine; glycine max ... | 1999 | 10325361 |
| pharmacokinetic and depletion studies of sarafloxacin after oral administration to eel (anguilla anguilla). | the pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin applied by oral gavage at a dose of 15 mg/kg b.w. was studied in eel (anguilla anguilla) at water temperature of 24 degrees c. sarafloxacin levels were determined using high performance liquid chromatography with a quantitation limit of 0.07 microg/ml or gram. the time to peak plasma concentration, tmax, was 12 hr and peak concentration, cmax, was 2.64 microg/ml. the absorption rate constant (k(a)) was 0.23 hr(-1) (r=0.996). the drug disposition curve after t ... | 1999 | 10379934 |
| experimental studies on lead accumulation in the eel-specific endoparasites anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and paratenuisentis ambiguus (acanthocephala) as compared with their host, anguilla anguilla. | the effect of salinity and the mode of application (oral versus aqueous) on the lead accumulation in different tissues of the fish host eel (anguilla anguilla) and its parasites anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and paratenuisentis ambiguus (acanthocephala) was investigated. waterborne as well as dietary lead exposure caused an increase in the metal levels of different eel tissues and the parasites. the mode of lead application had a significant influence on the distribution of lead in the fish ti ... | 1999 | 10398769 |
| effects of sea water and stanniectomy on branchial ca(2+) handling and drinking rate in eel (anguilla anguilla l.). | we examined the effects of seawater adaptation and extirpation of the stannius corpuscles on branchial ca(2+) flows, gill plasma membrane ca(2+) transporters and drinking rate of european eels, anguilla anguilla. transepithelial ca(2+) inflow in the gills increased 2 weeks after transfer of the eels from fresh water to sea water and after stanniectomy. neither of these treatments changed the membrane density or the affinity of the ca(2+)-extrusion mechanisms (ca(2+)-atpase and na(+)/ca(2+)-excha ... | 1999 | 10460737 |
| osmotic equilibrium and elastic properties of eel intestinal vesicles. | changes in volume of intestinal brush border membrane vesicles of the european eel anguilla anguilla were measured as vesicles were exposed to media with different osmotic pressures. preparing the vesicles in media of low osmotic pressure allowed the effects of a small hydrostatic pressure to become a significant factor in the osmotic equilibration. by applying laplace's law to relate pressure and volume and assuming a linear relation between membrane tension and area expansion, we estimate an i ... | 1999 | 10489428 |
| contents of several inorganic substances in european eel infected and uninfected by anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the content of 5 macroelements and 5 microelements were analyzed using the atomic absorption method in muscle samples of european eels infected and uninfected by anguillicola crasus. the mean contents of these substances in infected eels were statistically highly significantly lower in ca, p, fe, mn, but only statistically significantly lower in na, mg, zn and cu as compared to uninfected fishes. these differences are discussed in relation to hematophagus feeding and pathogenity of the parasite. | 1999 | 10494503 |
| richness and diversity of parasite communities in european eels anguilla anguilla of the river rhine, germany, with special reference to helminth parasites. | a total of 121 european eels (anguilla anguilla) from 2 sampling sites on the river rhine were investigated in respect of their parasite communities. special attention was given to the swim bladders, intestines, gills and fins of the fish. twelve different parasite species were found to live in and on the eels. data from each sampling site were kept separate. parasites found in descending order of prevalence were: anguillicola crassus, trypanosoma granulosum, myxobolus sp., paratenuisentis ambig ... | 1999 | 10503258 |
| levels of synthetic musks; bromocyclene and pcbs in eel (anguilla anguilla) and pcbs in sediment samples from some waters of berlin/germany. | the purpose of this study was to identify firstly the extent of contamination both of the aquatic biota and of sediments and secondly any regional differences in the concentrations of these compounds. in 1996, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs, including their coplanar congeners) were measured in 58 eel and 50 sediment samples. furthermore, the veterinary pharmacetical bromocyclene and the nitro musks were determined in 84 (1995) and 122 (1996) eel samples. polycyclic musk fragrances were addition ... | 1999 | 10520489 |
| random amplified polymorphic dna analysis of eel genome. | eel family is a huge one, in which many kinds of eels especially some migratory eels, bear strong resemblance to each other, and are therefore difficult to be identified. in this study 29 random primers were used to make rapd analysis for japanese eel (anguilla japonica), european eel (anguilla anguilla) and pike eel (muraenesox cinereus). and totally 299 fragments were counted. shared or specific fragments were counted and genetic similarity or genetic distance were calculated. the genetic simi ... | 1999 | 10520604 |
| an enhanced humoral immune response against the swimbladder nematode, anguillicola crassus, in the japanese eel, anguilla japonica, compared with the european eel, a. anguilla. | the humoral immune response in the two eel species, anguilla japonica and anguilla anguilla against two fractions of antigens in anguillicola crassus were studied. within species, both eel species showed significantly elevated titres compared with controls when immunized with antigens from anguillicola crassus. in interspecific comparison, anguilla japonica showed significantly elevated titres in comparison with anguilla anguilla. immunization of anguilla anguilla caused a significantly decrease ... | 1999 | 10526415 |
| fucose in alpha(1-6)-linkage regulates proliferation and histogenesis in reaggregated retinal spheroids of the chick embryo. | we have used the lectin from aleuria aurantia (aal) which is highly specific for alpha(1-6)-linked fucose, to examine its effect on chicken retinogenesis in a reaggregation culture system. when dispersed cells of the embryonic chick retina are reaggregated to form histotypic retinospheroids, aal elicits strong inhibition of spheroid growth. the action of aal is specific, since its effect is dose-dependent, saturable, and inhibited by an excess of fucose. fucosidase treatment entirely abolishes r ... | 1999 | 10536033 |
| effects of acetylcholine, serotonin and noradrenalin on ion transport in the middle and posterior part of anguilla anguilla intestine. | the effects of acetylcholine analogues, serotonin and catecholamines on ion transport were studied in both the middle and the posterior intestine of anguilla anguilla, mounted in an ussing chamber, with the aim of understanding whether these regulators affect different mechanisms in the different tracts. in the middle intestine, acetylcholine analogues and serotonin decreased the serosa negative transepithelial potential and short-circuit current without altering the transepithelial resistance; ... | 1999 | 10549139 |
| metallothionein and heavy metals in brown trout (salmo trutta) and european eel (anguilla anguilla): a comparative study. | the levels and the cellular distribution of heavy metals, and the extent by which the metals binds to metallothionein (mt) in brown trout (salmo trutta) and european eel (anguilla anguilla), were analyzed in order to assess the natural conditions of mt and heavy metals in these two fish species. there were no differences in heavy metals and mt concentrations between males and females of brown trout in a nonreproductive status and between adult brown trout individuals. brown trout presented highe ... | 1999 | 10571463 |
| the contribution of a pyrethroid insecticide to the massive eel (anguilla anguilla) devastation, in lake balaton, in 1995. | in the summer of 1995, 30 tonnes of eel (anguilla anguilla) died in lake balaton, hungary. an investigation was carried out to find the causes of this ecocatastrophe. during this investigation, certain biochemical parameters, i.e. the blood sugar level, the acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh, ec 1.1.2.3), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (got, ec 2.6.1.1), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (gpt, ec 2.6.1.2) activities in the blood serum of the collected survivin ... | 1999 | 10574437 |
| exo-rhodopsin: a novel rhodopsin expressed in the zebrafish pineal gland. | the zebrafish, a useful animal model for genetic studies, has a photosensitive pineal gland, which has an endogenous circadian pacemaker entrained to environmental light-dark cycles [g.m. cahill, brain res. 708 (1996) 177-181]. although pinopsin has been found in the pineal glands of birds and reptiles, the molecular identity responsible for fish pineal photosensitivity remains unclear. this study reports identification of a novel opsin gene expressed in the zebrafish pineal gland. the deduced a ... | 1999 | 10581404 |
| tgf-beta3 exists in bony fish. | a partial nucleotide sequence of transforming growth factor-beta3 (tgf-beta3) has been isolated from the siberian sturgeon (acipenser baeri), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and european eel (anguilla anguilla), confirming a ubiquitous presence in the ray-finned (actinopterygian) bony fish. the bony fish tgf-beta3 is highly conserved, with some 83-84% nucleotide identity (coding region) and 90-95% predicted amino acid identity to known homeotherm tgf-beta3's. far lower homologies are apparen ... | 1999 | 10614492 |
| a nose-to-nose comparison of the physiological effects of exposure to ionic silver versus silver chloride in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) and the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | physiological mechanisms of silver toxicity (as silver nitrate) to the sensitive rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) (96 h lc50: 10.2 µg silver l(-1), in soft, low chloride water) and the more tolerant european eel (anguilla anguilla)(96 h lc50: 34.4 µg silver l(-1), in the same water) were investigated during acute exposure to silver, using concentrations varying from 3 to 22 µg silver l(-1). silver was present either predominantly in the form of ionic silver, or in the form of silver chloride ... | 2000 | 10686336 |
| experimental infections of farmed eels with different trypanosoma granulosum life-cycle stages and investigation of pleomorphism. | trypanosoma granulosum, a flagellate protozoon commonly found in the blood of the european eel anguilla anguilla, was injected experimentally into uninfected eels purchased from a local farm. in order to investigate the infectivity of different stages in the life cycle, trypanosomes from various sources were used for inoculation. infectivity was greatly reduced in in vitro culture stages inoculated at 20 c. isolated bloodstream stages injected into groups of animals held at 12 and 20 c could be ... | 2000 | 10701564 |
| histopathological changes in the swimbladder wall of the european eel anguilla anguilla due to infections with anguillicola crassus. | the histopathological changes in swimbladders of european eels naturally and experimentally infected with anguillicola crassus were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. during the course of probably several infections swimbladders undergo characteristic changes. in addition to the thickening of the entire swimbladder wall, and to the folded internal surface of this organ, inflammation, migration of white blood cells, fibrosis and changes in the epithelial cells are freque ... | 2000 | 10715817 |
| effects of lectins with different carbohydrate-binding specificities on hepatoma, choriocarcinoma, melanoma and osteosarcoma cell lines. | the effects of lectins with different carbohydrate-binding specificities on human hepatoma (h3b), human choriocarcinoma (jar), mouse melanoma (b16) and rat osteosarcoma (ros) cell lines were investigated. cell viability was estimated by uptake of crystal violet. wheat germ lectin was the lectin with the most deleterious effect on the viability of h3b, jar and ros cell lines. the cytotoxicity of lectins with similar sugar-binding specificity to wheat germ lectin, including maackia amurensis lecti ... | 2000 | 10716633 |
| distribution of the mrna encoding the four dopamine d(1) receptor subtypes in the brain of the european eel (anguilla anguilla): comparative approach to the function of d(1) receptors in vertebrates. | four subtypes of d(1) dopamine receptors are expressed in the brain of the european eel (anguilla anguilla), an elopomorph teleost. to correlate this molecular multiplicity with specific localisation and functions, the distribution of the d(1) receptor transcripts was analysed by in situ hybridisation. the four d(1) receptor transcripts exhibit largely overlapping expression territories. in telencephalon, they are found in the olfactory bulb and the dorsal telencephalon (except its lateral part) ... | 2000 | 10723008 |
| physiological status of wild european eels (anguilla anguilla) infected with the parasitic nematode, anguillicola crassus. | the effect of the parasitic swimbladder nematode, anguillicola crassus, on the physiological status of wild european eels (anguilla anguilla) was investigated during an 18 month survey (february 1995 until september 1996), and compared with that of wild uninfected eels collected over the same time-period. despite the occurrence of up to 15 blood-feeding adults in the swimbladder lumen of the infected eels and as many as 25 additional larvae in the swimbladder wall, there were no major difference ... | 2000 | 10726280 |
| expression of two vacuolar-type atpase b subunit isoforms in swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel: nucleotide sequences and deduced amino acid sequences. | the poly(a)(+) rna of swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel anguilla anguilla was isolated and used for cdna synthesis. using a pair of degenerate pcr primers directed towards the evolutionary highly conserved central part of the b subunit of vacuolar type h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) a fragment of 388 bp was amplified. by sequencing the cloned pcr products two different amplicons with a sequence identity of about 86% were obtained. blastn searches revealed a high degree of similarity of bot ... | 2000 | 10760576 |
| organochlorine residues in european eel (anguilla anguilla), crucian carp (carassius carassius) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) from vaccarès lagoon (french national nature reserve of camargue) - effects on some physiological parameters. | european eels (anguilla anguilla), crucian carps (carassius carassius) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) were collected in three coastal locations of the vaccarès lagoon (french national nature reserve of camargue). the purpose of this paper is to report results of the first biomonitoring investigation in fish living in this protected coastal wetland. residues of organochlorine (oc) contaminants (i.e. sigmapcbs, gammahch, hcb, dieldrin, pp'-dde) were determined in hepatic and muscular tissues, i ... | 2000 | 10794830 |
| inhibition of eel enzymatic activities by cadmium. | the aim of the present work was to study the in vitro effect of cadmium on enzymes, such as intestinal and branchial carbonic anhydrase (ca) and na(+)-k(+)-atpase which play a key role in salt- and osmoregulation and acid-base balance in the teleost fish, anguilla anguilla. carbonic anhydrase activities in gill and intestinal homogenates were significantly inhibited by cdcl(2), the gill ca being more sensitive to the heavy metal (ic(50) for the branchial ca=9.97+/-1.03x10(-6) m, ic(50) for the i ... | 2000 | 10794837 |
| role of glutathione in thiobencarb resistance in the european eel anguilla anguilla. | glutathione-dependent defense against xenobiotic toxicity is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been well characterized in mammals. in the present study, eels of species anguilla anguilla were exposed to 15 ppm of the herbicide thiobencarb (s-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate) for 96 h. eels exposed to the pesticide were grouped in 24-h intervals according to their time of death, while surviving intoxicated eels constituted another group (live animals). glutathione content (gsx, gsh, gssg) was ... | 2000 | 10805993 |
| alterations on ache activity of the fish anguilla anguilla as response to herbicide-contaminated water. | the inhibition of both total and specific acetylcholinesterase activities was measured in the whole eyes of the yellow eel anguilla anguilla after exposure to the carbamate thiobencarb. in vivo assays were conducted under a constant flow-through system of thiobencarb-contaminated water (1/60 lc(50) 96 h=0.22 ppm for 96 h) followed by a recovery period in clean water (192 h more). the results indicated a measurable level of ache activity on eyes of control eels, which resulted in a sensitive indi ... | 2000 | 10805994 |
| cholinesterase activity and hematological parameters as biomarkers of sublethal molinate exposure in anguilla anguilla. | cholinesterase (che) activity was measured in plasma, whole blood [using 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and 2-pds as chromophores], brain, and whole eyes of anguilla anguilla exposed to a sublethal concentration of 11.15 mg/l (one-third of the 96-h lc(50)) of the carbamate herbicide molinate. che activity was evaluated after 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of pesticide exposure. results indicated that che activity in eel tissues decreased as time of exposure increased, especially in eel blood. eels ... | 2000 | 10805997 |
| allozyme analysis of two polymorphic enzymes in a natural population of lecithochirium musculus. | genetic variability among 112 individuals of lecithochirium musculus from anguilla anguilla from northwestern spain was examined using allozyme analysis. starch-gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the genetic variation in two polymorphic enzymes, glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi) and phosphoglucomutase (pgm). the banding patterns obtained for gpi were consistent with a dimeric structure for this enzyme and with single-locus control. the inferred genotype frequencies did not significantly ... | 2000 | 10836516 |
| slow muscle function of pacific bonito (sarda chiliensis) during steady swimming. | the pacific bonito, sarda chiliensis, is anatomically intermediate between mackerel and tuna. the specialisations exhibited by tuna are present in the bonito, but to a lesser degree. slow-twitch muscle strain and activity patterns were determined during steady swimming (tailbeat frequency 1.2-3.2 hz) at four locations on the body of sarda chiliensis using sonomicrometry and electromyography. both strain and the phase of electromygraphic activity were independent of tailbeat frequency. the strain ... | 2000 | 10851117 |
| glucocorticoid receptors in the euryhaline teleost anguilla anguilla. | to determine the importance of glucocorticoids in the salt water adaptation of european yellow eel we have evaluated the concentration, affinity and physical properties of glucocorticoid receptors (gr) in gill from both sea water- (sw) and freshwater-adapted (fw) animals. using ligand binding techniques we demonstrated that high affinity gr were present in both cytosolic and nuclear fractions obtained from whole gill. isoelectric focusing (ief) of branchial gr indicated the presence of two disti ... | 2000 | 10854712 |
| effect of the pesticide deltamethrin on the mauthner cells of lake balaton fish. | deltamethrin, a synthetic pesticide [(s)alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1r)-cis-3-(2.2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dim ethylcyclopropane-carboxylate] used for extermination of mosquitoes on the shores of lake balaton, has been found to induce severe impairments of the nervous system of several lake balaton fish, such as carp (cyprinus carpio), goldfish (carassius auratus gibelis bloch), eel (anguilla anguilla) and wels (silurus glanis). it has been shown that deltamethrin, in a concentration of 1 microgram/l ... | 2000 | 10894124 |
| expression of a duplicate na,k-atpase beta(1)-isoform in the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | recent studies on teleost fish have suggested that their genomes have undergone ancient polyploidization events resulting in the duplication of the genome. a duplicate copy of the na,k-atpase beta(1)-isoform (called beta(233)) has been identified in the european eel (anguilla anguilla). the beta(233)-isoform shares high levels of nucleotide (74.8%) and amino acid (69.9%) homology with the eel beta(1)-subunit as well as other vertebrate beta(1)-sequences. compared with the widely expressed beta(1 ... | 2000 | 10896885 |
| pcdds/pcdfs and coplanar pcbs in eels (anguilla anguilla) from different areas of the rivers havel and oder in the state of brandenburg (germany). | in 1996 forty-nine eels were caught from different locations along the rivers oder (hohenwutzen and schwedt) and from 11 locations along the havel river. they were analysed for pcdds/pcdfs and the coplanar pcbs (pcb 77, pcb 126, pcb 169). their contribution to 2,3,7,8-tcdd equivalents were estimated. in case of pcdds/pcdfs these amounted between 1.8 and 15.2 pg/g fat (mean 6.1 pg/g; median 5.2 pg/g), in case of coplanar pcbs between 2.4 and 170.5 pg/g fat (mean 47.7 pg/g; median 36.1 pg/g). lake ... | 1999 | 10901658 |
| light and electron microscopy of the bulbus arteriosus of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | the bulbus arteriosus of teleost fish acts as an elastic reservoir that dilates during ventricular systole to store a large part of the cardiac stroke volume. despite its functional importance, the knowledge of the structure of the bulbus wall is still fragmentary. we have undertaken a series of studies in order to establish a general morphological plan of the teleost bulbus. the bulbus arteriosus of the european eel is studied here by means of conventional light, and transmission and scanning e ... | 2000 | 10971042 |
| characterisation of the h(+)/peptide cotransporter of eel intestinal brush-border membranes. | h(+)/peptide cotransport in brush-border membrane vesicles (bbmvs) from eel (anguilla anguilla) intestine was studied by measuring d-[(3)h]-phenylalanyl-l-alanine uptake and by monitoring peptide-dependent intravesicular acidification using the ph-sensitive dye acridine orange. d-[(3)h]-phenylalanyl-l-alanine influx was greatly stimulated by an inside-negative membrane potential and enhanced by an inwardly directed h(+) gradient. in parallel, vesicular h(+) influx was significantly increased in ... | 2000 | 10976035 |
| improvement in the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in the freshwater eel acclimated to 10.1 mpa hydrostatic pressure. | previous studies have suggested that the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in the freshwater eel (anguilla anguilla) is increased after acclimation to high hydrostatic pressure. analysis at atmospheric pressure of the respiratory chain complexes showed that, after 21 days at 10.1 mpa, the activity of complex ii was decreased to approximately 50 % (p<0.01) of the control value and that cytochrome c oxidase (complex iv) activity was significantly increased to 149 % of the control value (p<0. ... | 2000 | 10976038 |
| humoral immune response of european eel anguilla anguilla experimentally infected with anguillicola crassus. | a humoral immune response of the european eel anguilla anguilla elicited by an experimental infection was demonstrated for the first time against the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus. eels were experimentally infected once or repeatedly and the antibody response was observed over a period of 325 d. specific antibodies against a. crassus in the peripheral blood of the eels were measured using an elisa and the immunoblot technique. anti-a. crassus antibodies were first observed 8 wk post ... | 2000 | 10986646 |
| trichodina sp. (ciliophora: peritrichida) in eel anguilla anguilla in recirculation systems in denmark: host-parasite relations. | farmed eel cultured in recirculation systems in denmark were found infected by trichodina jadranica raabe, 1958. associations between parasite abundance and fish size was examined in 2 different production systems. in one system, stocked with relatively well-nourished eels (3 to 31 g), most of the parasites (66%) were found on the dorsal part on the skin and relatively few were found on the gills (approx. 8%). the infection level was significantly positively correlated both with fish weight and ... | 2000 | 11023254 |
| the mitochondrial tricarboxylate carrier: unexpected increased activity in starved silver eels. | the tricarboxylate carrier was purified to homogeneity from liver mitochondria of european eel at the silver and the yellow stage and functionally reconstituted into liposomes. unexpectedly, the molecular activity of the tricarboxylate carrier obtained from silver eel was about twofold higher than that of the same protein from yellow eel, although eels at the silver stage stop feeding. parallel changes were found in the activities of the lipogenic enzymes in silver eels. this suggests a function ... | 2000 | 11027565 |
| isolation and characterization of novel glycoproteins from fish epidermal mucus: correlation between their pore-forming properties and their antibacterial activities. | in fish, a layer of mucus covers the external body surface contributing therefore, among other important biological functions, to the defense system of fish. the prevention of colonization by aquatic parasites, bacteria and fungi is mediated both by immune system compounds (igm, lysozyme, etc.) and by antibacterial peptides and polypeptides. we have recently shown that only the hydrophobic components of crude epidermal mucus of fresh water and sea water fish exhibit strong pore-forming propertie ... | 2000 | 11030587 |
| environmental contaminants and biochemical response in eel exposed to po river water. | groups of eels (anguilla anguilla) were exposed to po river water under control conditions at "la casella" fluvial hydrobiology station for 30-day periods between november and may. at the end of the exposure period, fish were sacrificed and cytochrome p4501a was evaluated in liver microsomes using both catalytic (erod) and semiquantitative immunodetection (elisa) assays. at the same time, water samples were taken for chemical analyses of pcbs, pahs and pesticides. eel was chosen as bio-indicator ... | 2000 | 11057681 |
| swim bladder gas gland cells produce surfactant: in vivo and in culture. | electron microscopical examination of gas gland cells of the physostome european eel (anguilla anguilla) and of the physoclist perch (perca fluviatilis) revealed the presence of significant numbers of lamellar bodies, which are known to be involved in surfactant secretion. in the perch, in which the gas gland is a compact structure and gas gland cells are connected to the swim bladder lumen via small canals, lamellar bodies were also found in flattened cells forming the swim bladder epithelium. ... | 2000 | 11080102 |
| carotenoid content in anguilla anguilla (l.) individuals undertaking spawning migration. | the authors investigated the carotenoid content in different parts of anguilla anguilla (l.) undertaking spawning migration, in spring, summer and autumn. by means of column and thin-layer chromatography, the following carotenoids were found to be present: beta-carotene, epsilon-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, neothxanthin, lutein, tunaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein epoxide, 3'-hydroxyechincnone, canthaxanthin, idoxanthin, phoenicoxanthin, alpha-doradexanthin, beta-doradexanthin and astaxanthin. in t ... | 2000 | 11080910 |
| protective effects of prostaglandins in the isolated gastric mucosa of the eel, anguilla anguilla. | the protective effect of endogenous prostaglandins on the fish gastric mucosa was evaluated by studying the effect of indomethacin and aspirin, known cyclooxigenase inhibitors, on the mucosal ulceration in the isolated gastric sacs of anguilla anguilla. gastric sacs devoid of muscle layers were incubated in the presence of indomethacin (10(-4) mol x l(-1)) or aspirin (10(-4) mol x l(-1)) in different experimental conditions. both the antiinflammatory drugs produced ulcers, but the effects were m ... | 2000 | 11083517 |
| richness and diversity of intestinal metazoan communities in brown trout salmo trutta compared to those of eels anguilla anguilla in their european heartlands. | the hypothesis that intestinal helminth communities in freshwater brown trout are dissimilar in composition and structure to those in the european eel was tested by an analysis of component communities from 72 localities and of infracommunities from 34 localities in the british isles and norway. derived indices were then compared with published data from eels. composition of helminth communities differed considerably between the two hosts as a group of 4 species occurred commonly in trout and so ... | 2000 | 11085225 |
| neurotransmitters and putative neuromodulators in the gut of anguilla anguilla (l.). localizations in the enteric nervous and endocrine systems. | the gut of silver eels (anguilla anguilla l.) was investigated in order to describe both the cholinergic and adrenergic intramural innervations, and the localization of possible accessory neuromediators. histochemical reactions for the demonstration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form-(nadph-)diaphorase and acetylcholinesterase (achease) were performed, as well as the immunohistochemical testing of tyrosine hydroxylase, met-enkephalin, substance p, calcitonin gene-relate ... | 2000 | 11095101 |
| in vitro reactivity of ventral aorta to acetylcholine and noradrenaline in yellow freshwater eel (anguilla anguilla l.) acclimatized to 10.1 mpa hydrostatic pressure. | we examined in vitro vascular reactivity of eels previously acclimatized to 10.1 mpa hydrostatic pressure (hp) for 21 days. the isometric tension developed by ventral aortic rings was measured at atmospheric pressure. dose-response curves for either acetylcholine (ach) or noradrenaline (na), as well as contractions evoked by 80 mm k+, were compared with time-matched experiments conducted on rings obtained from control eels. results showed that neither the optimal tension nor the maximal force of ... | 2000 | 11100938 |
| single-dose pharmacokinetics of flumequine in the eel (anguilla anguilla) after intravascular, oral and bath administration. | knowledge of the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs to combat bacterial infections in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) is limited. one antimicrobial agent likely to be effective is flumequine. the aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of flumequine in european eels in fresh water. flumequine was administered to eels (anguilla anguilla) intravenously (i.v.) and orally (p.o.) at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, and as a bath treatment at a dose of 10 mg/l water fo ... | 2000 | 11110105 |
| evaluation of an elisa and immunoblotting for studying the humoral immune response in anguillicola crassus infected european eel anguilla anguilla. | the applicability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of anguillicolosis in feral eels was examined using a crude antigen preparation from the body wall of adult anguillicola crassus. the screening consisted of samples from 100 feral european eels anguilla anguilla. as a reference the actual status of infection was determined by dissection of the eels' swim-bladders. the elisa results were compared with a background value calculated from the results obtained from 43 ... | 2000 | 11129379 |
| effectiveness of different vaccine formulations against vibriosis caused by vibrio vulnificus serovar e (biotype 2) in european eels anguilla anguilla. | vibriosis due to vibrio vulnificus serovar e (biotype 2) is one of the main causes of mortality in european eels cultured in europe. the main objective of this study was to develop a vaccine and a vaccination procedure against this pathogen. with this aim, we tested several vaccine formulations (inactivated whole-cells with and without toxoids--inactivated extracellular products--from capsulated and uncapsulated strains, attenuated live vaccines and purified lipopolysaccharide [lps]) on eels mai ... | 2000 | 11145457 |
| fatty acid chain elongation synthesis in eel (anguilla anguilla) liver mitochondria. | the properties of fatty acid chain elongation synthesis have been investigated in liver mitochondria of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). the incorporation of [1-(14)c]acetyl-coa into fatty acids shows a specific activity of 0.43+/-0.05 nmol/min x mg protein (n=6), which is more than twice higher than that previously reported in rat liver mitochondria. label incorporation into fatty acids was, in mitochondria disrupted by freezing and thawing, much higher than in intact organelles thus sugge ... | 2001 | 11163299 |
| genetic evidence against panmixia in the european eel. | the panmixia hypothesis--that all european eel (anguilla anguilla) migrate to the sargasso sea for reproduction and comprise a single, randomly mating population--is widely accepted. if true, then this peculiar life history strategy would directly impact the population genetics of this species, and eels from european and north african rivers should belong to the same breeding population through the random dispersal of larvae. to date, the panmixia hypothesis has remained unchallenged: genetic st ... | 2001 | 11234011 |
| cloning and expression of guanylin from the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | extracts of intestinal epithelia from the european eel (anguilla anguilla) stimulated cgmp production in the t84 human colon carcinoma cell line which suggested the presence of a guanylin-like peptide in this teleost fish. degenerate oligonucleotide primers were subsequently used in rt-pcr resulting in the amplification, cloning, and sequencing of two cdnas which represent possible 5' spliceoforms of an eel homologue of the mammalian peptide, guanylin. northern blotting indicated that the main s ... | 2001 | 11243845 |
| meeting energy budgets by modulation of behaviour and physiology in the eel (anguilla anguilla l.). | availability of energy for feeding, and the scope to accommodate the associated increase in oxygen demand (sda: specific dynamic action) can, to a large degree, regulate the future feeding and energy availability of an animal. there is a fundamental conflict between locomotion and sda within the physiological capacity of a mobile organism to respire sufficiently in order to simultaneously meet both requirements. this paper is a first attempt to integrate the costs of behaviour and physiology and ... | 2001 | 11246050 |
| slow muscle power output of yellow- and silver-phase european eels (anguilla anguilla l.): changes in muscle performance prior to migration. | eels swim in the anguilliform mode in which the majority of the body axis undulates to generate thrust. for this reason, muscle function has been hypothesised to be relatively uniform along the body axis relative to some other teleosts in which the caudal fin is the main site of thrust production. the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) has a complex life cycle involving a lengthy spawning migration. prior to migration, there is a metamorphosis from a yellow (non-migratory) to a silver (migrator ... | 2001 | 11249845 |
| characterization of [3h]cgp 12177 binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in intact eel hepatocytes. | the aim of this study was to characterize [3h]cgp 12177 (cgp) binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in isolated hepatocytes of the european eel (anguilla anguilla), in which the involvement of camp in epinephrine-induced glucose release has been previously observed. specific binding of cgp was saturable, reversible, and linear as a function of cell number. analysis of binding data suggested a single class of binding sites, with a kd of 1.31 nm and a number of approximately 7000 beta-adrenergic re ... | 2001 | 11254364 |
| swimbladder gas gland cells of the european eel cultured in a superfusion system. | swimbladder gas gland cells are polar epithelial cells which release acidic metabolites through the membranes of an extensive basolateral labyrinth, and secret surfactant via exocytosis at apical membranes. we have developed a method to establish primary cell cultures of gas gland cells in order to establish a model system for physiological analysis of gas gland cell function in vitro. isolated gas gland cells attach to collagen s coated surfaces. cells cultured in collagen s coated petri dishes ... | 2000 | 11264950 |
| hypertonicity stimulates cl(-) transport in the intestine of fresh water acclimated eel, anguilla anguilla. | eel intestinal epithelium when bathed symmetrically with normal ringer solution develops a net cl(-) current (short circuit current, isc) giving rise to a negative transepithelial potential (vt) at the basolateral side of the epithelium, lower in fresh-water (fw)-acclimated animals with respect to sea-water (sw). the aim of the present work was to study the cell response to hypertonic stress of fw eel intestinal epithelium in relation to cl(-) absorption. the hypertonicity of the external bathin ... | 2001 | 11275682 |
| ca++ regulation of paracellular permeability in the middle intestine of the eel, anguilla anguilla. | the role of ca++ on the regulation of the paracellular pathway permeability of the middle intestine of anguilla anguilla was studied by measuring the transepithelial resistance and the dilution potential, generated when one half of nacl in the mucosal solution was substituted iso-osmotically with mannitol, in various experimental conditions altering extracellular and/or intracellular calcium levels. we found that removal of ca++ in the presence of ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether) (egta ... | 2001 | 11302535 |
| helminth communities in eels anguilla anguilla from adriatic coastal lagoons in italy. | the composition and diversity of the total and intestinal component and infra-communities were determined in eels anguilla anguilla from three shallow lagoons on the adriatic coast of italy to determine whether the helminth communities would differ in composition and structure from those in eels from lagoons on the tyrrhenian coast. the lagoons differed in respect of their management regimes and the extent of freshwater influx. both freshwater and marine species of helminths were found in the ee ... | 2001 | 11316467 |
| nitric oxide modulates cardiac performance in the heart of anguilla anguilla. | nothing is known about the effects of nitric oxide (no) on cardiac performance in fish. using an in vitro working heart preparation that generates physiological values of output pressure, cardiac output and ventricular work and power, we assessed the effects of no on the cardiac performance of the eel anguilla anguilla. we examined basal cardiac performance (at constant preload, afterload and heart rate), the effects of cholinergic stimulation and the frank-starling response (preload-induced inc ... | 2001 | 11316492 |
| tissue distribution and temperature-dependence of anguilla anguilla l. erod activity following exposure to model inducers and relationship with plasma cortisol, lactate and glucose levels. | anguilla anguilla l. ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) elevation by 2.7 microm beta-naphthoflavone (bnf) 3 days water exposure, or 4 mg/kg ip exposure, was studied in four different organs--liver, kidney, gills, and intestine. the results demonstrated a significant increase in liver erod activity for the two previous conditions, whereas kidney erod activity only increased during the intraperitoneal exposure. a. anguilla was also exposed during 8, 16, and 24 h to water contaminated with 2.7 mic ... | 2001 | 11341699 |
| [determination of the state of emaciation of eel (anguilla anguilla) in migration in coastal and estuary zones]. | the objective of this work is to characterise the variations of the quality of the glass eels recruitment during a season of migration, from november till march and before and after the transition from marine to continental environment. the emaciation state measured from the ratio dna/dry weight and percentage of body water is analysed from a sampling of glass-eels collected at sea and in estuary, in the south of the bay of biscay during the migration period 1999/2000. the length and the mass ar ... | 2001 | 11386082 |
| metallothionein as bioindicator of freshwater metal pollution: european eel and brown trout. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of metallothionein (mt) as a bioindicator of heavy metal pollution in brown trout and european eel in the field situation. river ferrerias (north spain) provided a good gradient of metal contamination: concentrations of heavy metals were elevated both in water and in sediments at the downstream (polluted) site and were low at the upstream (unpolluted) site. mt levels of brown trout exhibited statistically significant differences between sites. a ... | 2001 | 11386716 |
| biotransformation, endocrine, and genetic responses of anguilla anguilla l. to petroleum distillate products and environmentally contaminated waters. | the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) was exposed to diesel oil water-soluble fraction (dwsf) and gasoline water-soluble fraction (gwsf). the potential of these fractions to induce endocrine disruption, carbohydrate, and xenobiotic metabolism effects, as well as genotoxic responses, was investigated in a time-course laboratory study (3 h to 6 days). both water-soluble fractions induced a time-related increase in liver ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity, as well as the appearance of e ... | 2001 | 11386717 |
| induction of micronuclei in eel (anguilla anguilla l.) by heavy metals. | micronucleus test was performed in situ on eels (anguilla anguilla) from river sites with different levels of heavy metal pollution (cadmium and mercury). cadmium content in eel liver but not micronuclei averages in kidney were associated with cadmium content in sediments. mercury content in liver was not significantly associated with mercury content in sediments. both cadmium and mercury induced micronuclei expression in eels when injected, the concentration tested being 1.7 mg metal/kg body we ... | 2001 | 11386727 |
| cloning and expression of two isoforms of guanylate cyclase c (gc-c) from the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | complementary dna fragments for two isoforms of particulate guanylate cyclase c (gc-c) were cloned from the intestine of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). both isoforms exhibited higher nucleotide and amino acid sequence homologies to members of the gc-c family from other species than the related guanylate cyclase a or b (gc-a or gc-b) isoforms from the eel. northern blots indicated that probes for both isoforms, termed gc-c1 and gc-c2, selectively hybridised to 4.8-kb transcripts in the int ... | 2001 | 11399493 |
| development of anguillicola crassus (dracunculoidea, anguillicolidae) in experimentally infected balearic congers ariosoma balearicum (anguilloidea, congridae). | the development of anguillicola crassus in experimentally infected ariosoma balearicum (anguilloidea, congridae) kept in seawater was studied in the laboratory. in parallel trials the effect of water salinity on the development of larval a. crassus in european eels anguilla anguilla was also investigated using eels kept in seawater of a salinity of 34 per thousand. both eel species were orally inoculated with l3 larvae of a. crassus and then maintained for up to 3 mo at 18 degrees c in seawater. ... | 1999 | 11407407 |
| first report on the uptake of automobile catalyst emitted palladium by european eels (anguilla anguilla) following experimental exposure to road dust. | following the introduction of automobile catalysts in the middle of the 1980s in germany there is an increasing emission of the platinum-group-metals platinum, palladium (pd) and rhodium. still, it remains unclear if these metals are bioavailable for aquatic animals and to which extent they become accumulated by the aquatic biosphere. because of analytical problems in detecting pd in small biological samples the present investigation concentrates on the bioavailability of this metal. to answer t ... | 2001 | 11428142 |
| the relationships of brain stem systems to their targets in the spinal cord of the eel, anguilla anguilla. | we have investigated the detail with which supraspinal neurons innervate different regions in the spinal cord. horseradish peroxidase was applied at different levels of the cord: (1) to the cut surface; (2) injected iontophoretically into one side; or (3) into one of the motoneuron pools innervating different muscle compartments. in all cases, labeled neurons were found throughout the brain distributed over nuclear groups identified in previous fish studies. some cells from all but one of the nu ... | 2001 | 11435671 |
| metapopulation and community dynamics of helminth parasites of eels anguilla anguilla in the river exe system. | the possibility that much of the spatial and temporal variation in helminth communities in freshwater fish can be explained in terms of metapopulation theory was tested by examining helminth component communities of eels sampled from 3 localities in the river exe and 5 of its tributaries on 2 occasions at an interval of 3 years. four specific predictions of metapopulation theory in relation to community dynamics were tested. the prediction that parasite species could be recognized as common and ... | 2001 | 11444622 |
| development of hepatic cyp1a and blood vitellogenin in eel (anguilla anguilla) for use as biomarkers in the thames estuary, uk. | the potential of eel (anguilla anguilla) as a monitoring species for the thames estuary, uk, was examined. hepatic cytochrome p4501a [7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity] and blood vitellogenin (western analysis) were investigated as biomarkers of exposure to, respectively, organic contaminants and to contaminants showing estrogenic activity. hepatic microsomal erod activities in a. anguilla from seven sites in the thames estuary in may 1998 varied three-fold (111 +/- 24 to 355 +/- 42 ... | 2000 | 11460720 |
| persistence of herpesvirus of eel herpesvirus anguillae in farmed european eel anguilla anguilla. | herpesvirus of eel herpesvirus anguillae (hva) was isolated repeatedly from farmed eel of an outwardly healthy stock, but virus isolation was much greater in an experimental group of fish that were injected with dexamethasone. the results suggest that hva can establish a latent infection in eel. previous exposure of these eels to hva virus was shown by detection of hva-specific antibodies. these eels did not show clinical signs after a secondary infection with hva. tracing of seropositive eel st ... | 2001 | 11463096 |
| mechanical properties of red and white swimming muscles as a function of the position along the body of the eel anguilla anguilla. | the way in which muscles power steady swimming depends on a number of factors, including fibre type and recruitment, muscle strain, stimulation pattern and intensity, and the intrinsic mechanical properties of the muscle fibres. for a number of undulatory swimming fish species, in vivo studies have shown that muscles at different positions along the body are stimulated during different phases of the strain cycle. moreover, some intrinsic contractile properties of the muscles have been found to v ... | 2001 | 11507106 |
| fast muscle function in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) during aquatic and terrestrial locomotion. | eels are capable of locomotion both in water and on land using undulations of the body axis. axial undulations are powered by the lateral musculature. differences in kinematics and the underlying patterns of fast muscle activation are apparent between locomotion in these two environments. the change in isometric fast muscle properties with axial location was less marked than in most other species. time from stimulus to peak force (t(a)) did not change significantly with axial position and was 82 ... | 2001 | 11507107 |
| induction of stress by the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus in european eels, anguilla anguilla, after repeated experimental infection. | the purpose of this study was to determine under laboratory conditions over a period of 311 days if infection with the nematode anguillicola crassus induces stress in european eels (anguilla anguilla), and stimulates the endocrine stress axis as measured by serum cortisol levels. eels were experimentally infected with 3rd-stage larvae (l3) in different doses to simulate natural conditions with varying infection pressures. blood samples were drawn from the caudal vein every 2 weeks and serum cort ... | 2001 | 11510683 |
| eel parasite diversity and intermediate host abundance in the river rhine, germany. | european eels (anguilla anguilla) from 2 sampling sites on the rhine river (near karlsruhe and near worms) were investigated with respect to their parasite communities. nine different metazoan species were found to live in and on the eels. the highest number of species was recorded from the intestine, which contained up to 6 different helminths. among these, acanthocephalans were the most prevalent worms with the eel-specific parasite paratenuisentis ambiguus as the dominant species of the intes ... | 2001 | 11510684 |
| glutathione-dependent resistance of the european eel anguilla anguilla to the herbicide molinate. | eels of species anguilla anguilla were exposed to 5/4 lc50 (41.8 mg/l) of the herbicide molinate for 96 h in a time to death (ttd) test. glutathione content (gsx, gsh, gssg), glutathione reductase (gr) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-gt) activities were determined in the liver and muscle tissues of dead and surviving (intoxicated) animals and compared to control values (non-exposed eels). ttd was positively correlated to hepatic gsh, gsh:gssg ratio, hepatic and muscular gr, but negative ... | 2001 | 11680763 |