Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| plasmodium berghei: cyclical transmissions by experimentally infected anopheles quadrimaculatus. | a number of strains of plasmodium berghei were isolated from sporozoites of anopheles dureni. laboratory-bred anopheles quadrimaculatus fed on carriers of the newly isolated strains showed overwhelming midgut infections and moderate or mild salivary gland infections. successive cyclic transmissions by the bite of experimentally infected a. quadrimaculatus in laboratorybred tree rats (thamnomys surdaster) were carried out. | 1964 | 14169345 |
| some physiological and metabolic problems related to maintenance of the plasmodium berghei cycle in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1965 | 5855034 | |
| development of dirofilaria immitis in anopheles quadrimaculatus after exposure of the microfilariae to a freezing temperature. | 1965 | 5848826 | |
| biology of anopheles quadrimaculatus under field conditions in central florida. | 1965 | 5836462 | |
| evaluation of insecticides as residues on five surfaces against anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1966 | 5959115 | |
| egg retention in anopheles quadrimaculatus say in relation to the physiological age of the mosquito. | 1968 | 5642182 | |
| age composition of a natural population of anopheles quadrimaculatus say (diptera: culicidae) in maryland, u. s. a. | 1968 | 5642168 | |
| sugar solution feeding and its effect on the retention of infective dirofilaria immitis larvae in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1969 | 5820845 | |
| attempts to transmit bovine anaplasmosis with anopheles quadrimaculatus say (diptera: culicidae) and dermacentor andersoni stiles (acarina: ixodidae). | 1970 | 5485390 | |
| plasmodium cynomolgi: sources of variation in susceptibility of anopheles quadrimaculatus, a. balabacensis, and a. stephensi. | 1970 | 5413008 | |
| infection levels of coelomomyces punctatus, an aquatic fungus parasite, in a natural population of the common malaria mosquito, anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1970 | 5445435 | |
| studies of the transmission of plasmodium gallinaceum by anopheles quadrimaculatus infected with a nosema sp. | 1971 | 5004429 | |
| plasmodium gallinaceum: comparative infection rates in aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1972 | 5049753 | |
| a virus disease in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1973 | 4719277 | |
| diversity in patterns of coital contact of mosquitoes: a scanning electron microscopic study. | specimens, representative of each of the major taxa of mosquitoes, were fixed in copula and the external genitalia examined by scanning electron microscopy. the periphery of the basin-like everted aedeagus of aedus aegypti precisely matches that of the everted atrial membrane of the female. these structures are appressed during coitus and sealed by pressure of the paraprocts, aedeagal pouch and proctiger. when everted, the aedeagus of male culex pipiens reveals a ridged dome that surrounds the g ... | 1974 | 30314402 |
| experimental laboratory infection of mosquito larvae with fungi of the genus coelomomyces. ii. experiments with coelomomyces punctatus in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1976 | 956670 | |
| infective larvae of brugia: escape from mosquitoes into water and subsequent oral infectivity in jirds. | published work showed that third-stage larvae (l-3s) escape into water from dead or dying, brugia pahangi-infected, aedes aegypti. the present study revealed the same escape phenomenon among b. pahangi-infected armigeres subalbatus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and aedes togoi, and among brugia malayi-infected ae. aegypti and ae. togoi. l-3s maintained in water or in lum's solution for 3 hours retained infectivity when tested in orally or subcutaneously exposed jirds; furthermore, l-3s recovered f ... | 1976 | 8999 |
| dirofilaria immitis and its potential mosquito vectors in central new york state. | screening of 25,822 dog blood samples indicated approximately a 1% infection rate with dirofilaria immitis. dipetalonema reconditum microfilariae were found in approximately 2% of 1,876 feral dogs examined. laboratory experimentation indicated that 6 of 10 local mosquito species examined allowed successful extrinsic incubation of d immitis. indices of experimental infection indicated aedes triseriatus and anopheles quadrimaculatus were excellent hosts for d immitis, but other factors considered, ... | 1977 | 20828 |
| an integrated system for the production of gnotobiotic anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1977 | 925371 | |
| fate of a bacteriophage in aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae), and periplaneta americana (orthoptera: blattidae). | 1978 | 624847 | |
| acquisition of anopheles quadrimaculatus infected with the m strain and anopheles freeborni infected with the m, b, or ro strain | 1982 | 31009181 | |
| cloning of the mitochondrial genome of anopheles quadrimaculatus. | the entire 15 kilobase (kb) anopheles quadrimaculatus mitochondrial dna (mtdna) was cloned as three ecori fragments in a bacteriophage vector and then subcloned into plasmid vectors. the cloned dna was physically mapped with restriction endonucleases, and the maps were compared to the restriction patterns of native a. quadrimaculatus mtdna. several genes were mapped by sequencing the ends of a. quadrimaculatus mtdna subclones and by hybridization with the previously characterized aedes albopictu ... | 1982 | 2134168 |
| efficacy of resmethrin alone and in combination with piperonyl butoxide against native riceland anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae). | 1983 | 6875083 | |
| oxygen consumption in mosquito larvae parasitized by romanomermis culicivorax (nematoda). | the effect of parasitism by romanomermis culicivorax on the oxygen consumption of three species of mosquito larvae was studied by manometric methods. the q02 of culex pipiens, both parasitized and unparasitized, decreased as the host larvae developed from the second to fourth instar. in the early stages there was no significant difference in q02 in parasitized and unparasitized hosts but the q02 increased significantly in parasitized fourth instar larvae. the q02 of parasitized and unparasitized ... | 1984 | 6146430 |
| studies on a newly isolated strain of plasmodium brasilianum in aotus and saimiri monkeys and different anophelines. | a strain of plasmodium brasilianum was isolated from an aotus vociferans monkey from peru. the parasite readily infected aotus monkeys from bolivia and columbia and saimiri sciureus monkeys from peru and bolivia. highest level mosquito infections were obtained by feeding on the saimiri monkeys. the most susceptible mosquito was anopheles freeborni, followed by anopheles dirus, anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae, anopheles culicifacies, anopheles maculatus and anopheles albimanus. anopheles q ... | 1985 | 4093810 |
| an ultrastructural study on the encapsulation of microfilariae of brugia pahangi in the haemocoel of anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1985 | 4030213 | |
| tests of ultrasonic emissions on mosquito attraction to hosts in a flight chamber. | five ultrasonic devices generating fundamental frequencies of 20-70 khz were tested for their efficacy in repelling mosquitoes. four species (anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes aegypti, ae. triseriatus and haemagogus equinus), were used in a flight chamber in which females must fly upwind against the direction of the sound waves and around the ultrasonic devices to reach a trap downwind of a source of human breath and skin emanations. repellency was rated by the number of mosquitoes entering the t ... | 1985 | 2906666 |
| comparative susceptibilities of anopheles quadrimaculatus mutants to plasmodium yoelii. | four homozygous mutant stocks and a wild-type stock (orlando) of anopheles quadrimaculatus were compared for susceptibility to plasmodium yoelii. the mutant stocks, rose eye (ro) and red stripe (strd), had the same level of susceptibility as the control stock (orlando), but q2 (homozygous for brown body and nonstripe) and rose eye q2 (roq2), were significantly less susceptible. body size of the adult mosquitoes had no effect on susceptibility. | 1985 | 3880267 |
| evaluation of beecomist-applied bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) against anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in rice fields. | the beecomist spray head was evaluated for aerial application of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (serotype h-14; bti) at various ultra low volume (ulv) rates against natural populations of anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in rice fields. deposits on kromekote cards indicated that 0.54 liter/ha of neat bti penetrated the dense canopy of the rice field. mean number of droplets 65 cm below canopy level was 4.9 +/- 5.0/100 cm2. at 1 day posttreatment, applications of 0.54, 0.27, 0.11, 0.07 a ... | 1985 | 3880248 |
| evaluation of cyfluthrin as a ulv cold aerosol against caged mosquitoes. | cyfluthrin was evaluated against caged mosquitoes using a truck-mounted leco hd model ulv cold aerosol generator and the results were compared to the effectiveness of malathion. calculated effective dosages (ed) for 90% and 95% control with cyfluthrin against aedes taenorhynchus were 0.2 and 0.3 g ai/ha and against anopheles quadrimaculatus were 0.09 and 0.1 g ai/ha. cyfluthrin was about 106x more effective against an. quadrimaculatus and about 69x more effective against ae. taeniorhynchus at th ... | 1985 | 2906687 |
| efficacy of bay sir 8514, an insect growth regulator, against psorophora columbiae and anopheles quadrimaculatus in small plot and field trials. | four formulations of an insect growth regulator, bay sir 8514 (a benzoylurea compound), were tested against 2 species of riceland mosquito larvae, anopheles quadrimaculatus and psorophora columbiae. formulations of 25% wp, 0.5% g and 065 ec (65 g/liter) were tested at dosages of 14, 28, 56, and 84 g ai/ha in small plots. the 14 g ai/ha rate was ineffective for all formulations while the 28, 56 and 84 g ai/ha provided 100% mortality through 48 hr posttreatment. the 84 g ai/ha rate gave complete c ... | 1985 | 2906653 |
| combination ground and aerial adulticide applications against mosquitoes in an arkansas riceland community. | simultaneous ground and aerial adulticide applications were evaluated against riceland mosquitoes in stuttgart, ar, during july 1985. naled was aerially applied at 52.6 ml/ha over 10.4 km2 surrounding the city. ground ulv applications of a mixture of malathion, han and resmethrin/pbo (1:1:0.0625) were applied within the city at a rate of 221.8 ml/min at 24 kph. adult populations of anopheles quadrimaculatus and psorophora columbiae were reduced at 24 hr but resurgence of ps. columbiae was eviden ... | 1986 | 2906984 |
| evaluation of two new insect growth regulators against mosquitoes in the laboratory. | biological activity of two new igrs was studied under laboratory conditions against 2nd- and 4th-instar larvae and pupae of anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes aegypti and culex tarsalis. the igr s-21149, an oxime [0-(2-(4'-phenoxyphenoxy)ethyl propionaldoxime], produced an overall mortality or inhibition of emergence of 95% (when 4th instar treated) at 0.0047, 0.0013 and 0.00041 mg/liter in the three species, respectively. the ei95 values for the second igr s-31183, a pyridine compound, [1-(4'-phe ... | 1986 | 2906962 |
| swath width determination for beecomist-applied bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) against anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in rice fields. | optimum flight path interval of beecomist-applied bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (serotype h-14) (bti) against anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae was determined by assessing the effective swath width in rice fields. droplet sensitive cards, laboratory-reared and naturally occurring populations of larvae were used to monitor aerial treatments 1 day posttreatment. overlapping swaths were necessary to provide high levels of larval reduction. based on tests where flight path intervals were 18 ... | 1986 | 3507523 |
| beecomist-applied bacillus sphaericus for the control of riceland mosquitoes. | an aerially applied flowable concentrate (fc) of bacillus sphaericus neide (isolate 2362) was evaluated against riceland mosquitoes using the beecomist spray head. application of the fc at 0.58 and 1.17 liter/ha in maturing rice fields resulted in a 48 hr mean posttreatment reduction of anopheles quadrimaculatus of 71 and 82%, respectively. a significant reduction in larval populations one week posttreatment was also observed. treatment rates of 0.29, 0.44, and 0.58 liter/ha in reflooded second ... | 1986 | 3507530 |
| the sporogonic cycle of plasmodium reichenowi. | plasmodium reichenowi, a malarial parasite of the chimpanzee, was infective to anopheles freeborni, anopheles quadrimaculatus, anopheles stephensi, anopheles maculatus, anopheles dirus, and anopheles culicifacies mosquitoes. anopheles gambiae and anopheles albimanus were not infected. mean oocyst diameters of p. reichenowi were smaller than those of the other chimpanzee parasite, plasmodium schwetzi. sporozoites were present in the salivary glands of an. freeborni at 15 days when held at 25 to 2 ... | 1986 | 3734994 |
| experimental vertical transmission of saint louis encephalitis virus by florida mosquitoes. | vertical transmission of st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus to f1 larval progeny was demonstrated in 8 species of mosquitoes which occur in florida: culex quinquefasciatus, cx. nigripalpus, cx. salinarius, cx. restuans, cx. opisthopus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, an. albimanus, and aedes taeniorhynchus. relatively high rates of such transmission were observed in ae. taeniorhynchus and vertical transmission to f1 adult progeny and venereal transmission from males to females also were demonstrated ... | 1986 | 2878627 |
| the isolation of microsporidia and other pathogens from concentrated ditch water. | water from a mosquito larval habitat in florida was collected periodically for one year. after removing debris and macroscopic organisms, the small particles were concentrated by continuous flow centrifugation and examined microscopically. anopheles quadrimaculatus, culex salinarius and heliothis zea larvae were exposed to the concentrates. the microsporidia isolated were nosema, pleistophora, telomyxa, vavraia and vairimorpha. in addition to these microsporidia, a helicosporidium (protozoa), a ... | 1987 | 3144577 |
| dose-mortality responses of crawfish and mosquitoes to selected pesticides. | a study was conducted to determine the toxicities (lc50s) of several pesticides on the commercially important red swamp crawfish, procambarus clarkii, and 3 mosquito species common in louisiana ricelands--anopheles quadrimaculatus, culex salinarius and psorophora columbiae. pesticides tested in laboratory bioassays included bacillus sphaericus, b. thuringiensis var. israelensis, bendiocarb, glyphosate, isostearyl alcohol, malathion, propoxur, resmethrin synergized with piperonyl butoxide (pbo) a ... | 1987 | 2904959 |
| effects of infection with dirofilaria immitis on diuresis and oocyte development in aedes taeniorhynchus and anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae). | 1987 | 3694626 | |
| an ultrastructural study of dirofilaria immitis infection in the malpighian tubules of anopheles quadrimaculatus. | an ultrastructural study was conducted of the malpighian tubules of anopheles quadrimaculatus, both uninfected and following infection with dirofilaria immitis. the malpighian tubules in anopheles are composed of primary and stellate cells. the primary cells are the predominant cell type and are characterized by the presence of membrane-bound, intracellular, mineralized concretions and large apical microvilli containing mitochondria. following the infective blood meal, the microfilariae enter th ... | 1987 | 3655998 |
| exsheathment of microfilariae of brugia pahangi in anopheles quadrimaculatus and culex quinquefasciatus. | in order to determine whether the exsheathment patterns described in our previous study occurred in other microfilaria-mosquito systems, exsheathment of microfilariae of brugia pahangi was studied in two species of mosquitoes. the results of the quantitative observation revealed that the microfilariae of brugia pahangi tend to carry their sheaths into the haemocoel of anopheles quadrimaculatus and culex quinquefasciatus within 4 hr after infected blood meals. the percentage of the sheathed micro ... | 1987 | 3448778 |
| susceptibility of aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae to infection with the cercariae of plagiorchis noblei (trematoda: plagiorchiidae). | the impact of interspecific behavioral differences on the relative susceptibility of third instar aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae to infection with cercariae of plagiorchis noblei was determined. when permitted to move freely in a column of water, larvae of ae. aegypti were significantly more susceptible to infection with the parasite than were an. quadrimaculatus larvae. this difference is ascribed to the significantly greater activity of ae. aegypti larvae in the water colum ... | 1987 | 3504909 |
| distribution of anopheles quadrimaculatus and an. crucians larvae within rice field habitats in southwestern louisiana. | this study, conducted in 3 parishes of louisiana, documented the distribution pattern of anopheles quadrimaculatus and an. crucians during the first crop season. ratios of numbers of 3rd and 4th instar larvae of an. quadrimaculatus to the number of an. crucians 3rd and 4th instar larvae (q/c), varied both spatially and temporally. the mean q/c ratio during 1984 was 1.37; during 1985 it was 1.40. the ratios changed from week to week during each year, and increases or decreases in a particular wee ... | 1987 | 3504942 |
| sampling and distribution of anopheles quadrimaculatus immatures in rice fields. | dipper samples of anopheles quadrimaculatus immatures from stocked enclosures in arkansas rice fields were used to develop regression equations relating dipper sample counts to absolute density. confidence limits were developed for mean number of immatures collected at each density and stadia, including combined stadia. these data can be used to estimate absolute density from mean dipper count. distribution of rice field immatures approximated but did not fit the poisson distribution. sample siz ... | 1987 | 3504948 |
| the ovarian nurse cell polytene chromosomes of anopheles quadrimaculatus, species a. | nurse cells in the ovaries of adults of anopheles quadrimaculatus, species a, were used to prepare a polytene chromosome map. the chromosome quality is superior to that of salivary glands, and it is easier to use adults rather than larvae for cytological analysis of field populations. the most reliable homologies between the salivary and ovarian maps are located in the distal ends of the respective arms, and one homologous region is a prominent landmark in all of the members of the nearctic macu ... | 1987 | 3504912 |
| selection of a strain of anopheles quadrimaculatus with high filaria encapsulation rate. | 1987 | 3585636 | |
| a genetic sexing strain of anopheles quadrimaculatus, species a. | a genetic sexing strain of a mosquito, anopheles quadrimaculatus, species a, was synthesized for the preferential elimination of females during the egg stage. malathion susceptibility was used as a conditional lethal, and the dominant malathion-resistance allele was linked to the y chromosome via a radiation-induced reciprocal translocation involving the terminal end of the right arm of chromosome 3 and the y chromosome. examination of mitotic chromosomes and salivary polytene chromosomes reveal ... | 1987 | 3504896 |
| a new member of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex, species c. | a new member, species c, of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex was recently found in collections from the northwest coast of florida. this new species cannot be differentiated from the other 2 species with available taxonomic keys. evidence for this taxon as a sibling species includes data on hybrid sterility and distorted sex ratios in the progeny of crosses to species a and b, chromosomal differences, and diagnostic allozymes. | 1988 | 3225568 |
| an economical lightweight portable resting unit for sampling adult anopheles quadrimaculatus populations. | 1988 | 3193103 | |
| hybridization of laboratory strains of sibling species a and b of anopheles quadrimaculatus. | adult mosquitoes of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex were collected from montgomery county, al (mon) and alachua county, fl, (kbg) and laboratory stocks of species a and b were established through a selection procedure employing isofemale lines. progeny from a cross of species b females to orl males were usually semisterile females and sterile males. progeny of the reciprocal cross were also semisterile females and sterile males, but the sex ratio was variable and ranged from normal to no m ... | 1988 | 3193096 |
| mosquito repellents: monocarboxylic esters of aliphatic diols. | selected monocarboxylic esters of aliphatic diols that contained an alicyclic group in the acyl portion of the molecule were effective repellents for aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus and an. albimanus when tested on cloth. although 25 of the esters provided greater than 21 days of protection against all 3 species, the repellent potency of the 143 hydroxyesters that were tested was found to vary with mosquito species. anopheles quadrimaculatus was especially susceptible to this type of st ... | 1988 | 3199120 |
| incidence of patent infections of anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae) larvae by parathelohania anophelis (protozoa: microsporida) in rice fields in southwestern louisiana. | 1988 | 3351328 | |
| hybrid male sterility in crosses between field and laboratory strains of anopheles quadrimaculatus (say) (diptera: culicidae). | 1988 | 3404543 | |
| further evidence of both humoral and cellular encapsulations of sheathed microfilariae of brugia pahangi in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | 1988 | 3192354 | |
| variation in binding of bacillus sphaericus toxin and wheat germ agglutinin to larval midgut cells of six species of mosquitoes. | bacillus sphaericus toxin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was readily ingested by culex pipiens, aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and anopheles albimanus larvae. fluorescent toxin bound to the luminal cell surface in discrete regions of the posterior midgut and gastric caecum in c. pipiens. in anopheles spp., toxin bound in a variable pattern to these structures and central and anterior midgut as well. the toxin did not bind to midgut cell ... | 1989 | 2566636 |
| efficacy of duplex and vectobac against psorophora columbiae and anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in arkansas ricefields. | 1989 | 2568399 | |
| residual activity of permethrin on cattle as determined by mosquito bioassays. | the residual effectiveness against laboratory-reared female anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes of a synthetic pyrethroid (permethrin) applied to cattle was determined. twenty-four-hour postexposure mortality and the degree of successful blood engorgement were determined by exposing mosquitoes for 10 min to cattle. three replicated assays were conducted and mortality determined at 1, 2, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after each treatment with an oil-based formulation of permethrin (delice) or with an emu ... | 1989 | 2708990 |
| identification of species d, a new member of the anopheles quadrimaculatus species complex: a biochemical key. | sibling species d, a new member of the anopheles quadrimaculatus species complex was identified in collections from pickwick lake, tishomingo county, mississippi and choctawhatchee, bay county, in west florida. this species occurred sympatrically with the previously described species, a, b and c. evidence for identification of species d includes diagnostic allozymes, a lack of polytene chromosomes in the ovarian nurse cells, and inviability of f1 progeny and lack of sperm transfer in hybridizati ... | 1989 | 2584966 |
| repellency of two controlled-release formulations of deet against anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes taeniorhynchus mosquitoes. | two experimental controlled-release repellent formulations containing 35% (3m) and 44% (biotek) deet, respectively, were compared with a 75% standard formulation of deet used by the military. the military repellent was equal to or significantly better than the formulations in duration of protection against 2 mosquito species in laboratory and field tests, but the formulations contained only 47-59% the amount of deet in the military repellent. in all cases high levels of protection (greater than ... | 1989 | 2708995 |
| evaluation of the cotton fabric model for screening topical mosquito repellents. | the data of king (1954) were analyzed by rank correlation methods to determine if the results of tests of candidate mosquito repellents on cotton fabric were correlated with the results of tests of the same compounds on the skin. the coefficient of rank correlation was statistically significant (p less than 0.01) for tests against salt marsh mosquitoes, aedes sollicitans and ae. taeniorhynchus, and yellow fever mosquitoes, ae. aegypti, but not for tests against malaria mosquitoes, anopheles quad ... | 1989 | 2708992 |
| susceptibility of riceland anopheles quadrimaculatus to baytex and scourge ground ulv applications. | 1989 | 2614413 | |
| intracellular melanization in the mosquito anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae) against the filarial nematodes, brugia spp. (nematoda: filarioidea). | intracellular melanization responses to developing larvae of brugia species (b. malayi (buckley), b. pahangi (buckley and edeson), and b. patei (buckley, nelson, and heisch] in the thoracic muscle fibers of eight strains of anopheles quadrimaculatus say were first observed 48 to 72 h after an infective blood meal. three to 4 d later, large numbers of melanized first-stage larvae were found within the thoracic muscle fibers. these intracellular responses were in addition to the extracellular resp ... | 1989 | 2724313 |
| dichotomous electrophoretic taxonomic key for identification of sibling species a, b, and c of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex (diptera: culicidae). | samples of 17 populations of anopheles quadrimaculatus say from florida, alabama, arkansas, louisiana, mississippi, tennessee, new york, and new jersey were analyzed for genetic variability at 33 enzyme loci. statistical analysis of electromorph frequency distributions indicated that sympatric sibling (morphologically indistinguishable) species occurred in about 59% of the populations tested. the association of polytene chromosome and electrophoretic patterns of individual field-collected female ... | 1989 | 2709391 |
| evidence for microgeographic genetic subdivision of anopheles quadrimaculatus species c. | species c of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex has a patchy distribution and has been found principally near the coast in river and springs systems of northwest florida (gulf, sr, sfr--designated as c1, and choc--designated as c2) and the ogeechee river (oge--c2) near savannah, georgia. we have documented significant differences in allelic frequencies at 5 loci (malic enzyme, aconitase, aldehyde oxidase, esterase-5 and esterase-6), and genetic substructuring (fst) between c1 and c2. the gulf ... | 1990 | 2370524 |
| a simple and rapid technique for identification of large numbers of individual mosquitoes using dna hybridization. | a general method for obtaining species-specific repetitive dna sequences is described. the method is based on the detection of recombinant dna clones containing repetitive sequences using labeled total genomic dna. these repetitive dna sequences can be used to identify individual mosquito adults, pupae, and larvae squashed on filter membranes (squash blots). this technique was used to distinguish individuals of the four sibling species of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex. repetitive dna seq ... | 1990 | 2134176 |
| evaluation of 1-octen-3-ol as an attractant for coquillettidia perturbans, mansonia spp. and culex spp. associated with phosphate mining operations. | field studies were conducted in phosphate mined areas of polk county, fl, to determine the responses of mosquitoes produced as a result of mining operations to octenol and carbon dioxide. there was a highly significant response of all species except culex erraticus and anopheles quadrimaculatus to co2. also, a significant negative octenol response was shown for an. quadrimaculatus. coquillettidia perturbans, mansonia titillans and cx. salinarius had an increased response to octenol relative to n ... | 1990 | 1983016 |
| effect of topically treating cattle with permethrin on blood feeding of psorophora columbiae (diptera: culicidae) in a southwestern louisiana rice-pasture ecosystem. | the percentage of resting mosquitoes that had fed on blood or were gravid-parous was determined in two pastures associated with the riceland agroecosystem in southwestern louisiana. in one pasture, all of the cattle were treated with permethrin every 14 d over a 22-wk period, whereas cattle in the other pasture were untreated. the percentage of blood-engorged psorophora columbiae (dyar & knab) was significantly lower in the vicinity of the treated herd. the effectiveness of the permethrin treatm ... | 1990 | 2280387 |
| the effect of bacillus sphaericus upon the susceptibility of anopheles quadrimaculatus to plasmodium berghei. | larvae of anopheles quadrimaculatus were exposed to bacillus sphaericus. the surviving adults took blood meals on hamsters infected with plasmodium berghei. fewer mosquitoes were infected than were the paired controls. the inhibitory action appeared to occur during the early stages of the infection in the mosquito gut. | 1990 | 2182774 |
| horizontal transmission of parathelohania anophelis to the copepod, microcyclops varicans, and the mosquito, anopheles quadrimaculatus. | the copepod microcyclops varicans was infected with parathelohania anophelis by unincleate meiospores from a field-collected fourth instar anopheles quadrimaculatus larva. large numbers of unincleate, pyriform spores developed in the copepod. these spores were fed to early instar a. quadrimaculatus larvae, infecting both males and females, resulting in the production of cylindrical, binucleate spores in the adult. these spores were responsible for vertical transmission, through the eggs, to the ... | 1990 | 2115902 |
| chromosomal localization and copy number of 18s + 28s ribosomal rna genes in evolutionarily diverse mosquitoes (diptera, culicidae). | in situ hybridization using 3h-labeled 18s and 28s ribosomal dna (rdna) probes from aedes albopictus was performed on the mitotic chromosomes of 20 species of mosquitoes belonging to 8 genera of subfamilies culicinae and anophelinae. in all but one species examined, the rdna family was localized to a single chromosome per haploid genome. aedes triseriatus was the only exception, with the rdna cistrons present on chromosome 1 and on chromosome 3. the ribosomal rna genes were located on chromosome ... | 1990 | 2093704 |
| susceptibility of anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae) to subperiodic brugia malayi and brugia pahangi (nematoda: filarioidea) adapted to nude mice and jirds. | anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes aegypti (black-eyed liverpool strain) were fed on jirds and nude mice (jird-jird infection, jird-mouse infection, and mouse-jird infection) infected with subperiodic brugia malayi and b. pahangi. microfilariae of b. malayi from jird-mouse and mouse-jird infections developed normally in an. quadrimaculatus, whereas those from jird-jird infections did not develop. microfilariae of both species from jirds and nude mice developed normally in ae. aegypti and those ... | 1990 | 2332882 |
| in vitro development of brugia pahangi and brugia malayi in cultured mosquito thoraces. | in vitro cultivation of brugia pahangi and subperiodic brugia malayi one-day old larvae to infective stage larvae (l3) within thoraces excised from aedes aegypti (black eye, liverpool) and anopheles quadrimaculatus was attempted. the mosquito thoraces were excised under aseptic conditions, 24 h after a blood meal on either b. pahangi- or b. malayi-infected jirds. the excised thoraces were washed aseptically and inoculated into a diphasic media. a nutrient agar base was overlaid with either grace ... | 1991 | 1671619 |
| nutritional factors and antimicrobials on development of infective larvae of subperiodic brugia malayi (nematoda: filarioidea) in anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the effects of nutritional factors and antimicrobials on the development of infective larvae of subperiodic brugia malayi in susceptible anopheles quadrimaculatus say and aedes aegypti (l.) were investigated. larvae of both species of mosquitoes were reared on brewers yeast or a 1:1 brewers yeast-liver powder mixture. after emergence, one-half of the adults from each rearing condition were maintained on a 10% sucrose solution and the other half on a 10% sucrose solution containing 0.1% p-aminobe ... | 1991 | 2056511 |
| structural diversity of trypsin from different mosquito species feeding on vertebrate blood. | mosquito trypsin was purified using a combination of ion exchange and affinity chromatography with the ligand soybean trypsin inhibitor. three aedes and three anopheles species were tested, all of which are specialized in the digestion of vertebrate blood. amino-terminal sequences of hplc-purified trypsins from aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus revealed homologies of 30-40% with vertebrate and other invertebrate proteases previously identified as serine-proteases. the purified mosquito ... | 1991 | 2065758 |
| comparison of host-feeding patterns between anopheles quadrimaculatus sibling species a and b. | bloodmeal sources for sympatric species a and b of anopheles quadrimaculatus in an area of mississippi were identified using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. females had fed only on 6 species of mammals including dog/fox, pig, opossum, raccoon, cottontail rabbit and white-tailed deer. the latter species was the predominant host, representing 96.7 and 89.5% of the bloodmeals taken by species a and b, respectively. no marked difference in feeding patterns was found. | 1991 | 1791465 |
| nocturnal distribution of louisiana riceland mosquito adults. | nocturnal riceland mosquito populations in southern louisiana were monitored using nonbaited cdc miniature light traps. a mixed population of anopheles quadrimaculatus, an. crucians, psorophora columbiae and culex salinarius adults was collected in a livestock occupied barn. highly variable numbers of all 4 species were trapped in areas away from the barns. species density at any given trap location was not related to trap location, type of habitat surrounding the trap or brush density near the ... | 1991 | 1686276 |
| comparison of floating and sinking encapsulated formulations of the fungus lagenidium giganteum (oomycetes: lagenidiales) for control of anopheles larvae. | floating calcium alginate capsules containing lagenidium giganteum and 1% ground cork gave higher levels of control of anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in a 100-cm column of water than sinking capsules containing no cork. there was no significant difference between the cork capsules and the sinking capsules in the infection of larvae by the encapsulated fungus after storage (15 degrees c) for 57 days, although infectivity declined during that time from an initial infection rate of 100% to 35% an ... | 1991 | 1895082 |
| activity of lambda-cyhalothrin applied as an ultralow volume ground treatment against anopheles quadrimaculatus adults. | lambda-cyhalothrin was evaluated as an ultralow volume ground adulticide treatment at rates of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/ha. resmethrin, a standard adulticide, was applied at a rate of 1.96 g/ha. all treatments provided greater than or equal to 95% control up to 50 m from the spray route. the highest rate of lambda-cyhalothrin and the resmethrin standard provided greater than or equal to 95% control up to 200 m, which is twice the distance normally assessed in this type of testing. control was reduced ... | 1991 | 1895080 |
| efficacy of various ground-applied cold aerosol adulticides against anopheles quadrimaculatus. | ground-applied ulv, cold aerosol insecticides were tested against adult female anopheles quadrimaculatus. treatments included high (h) and low (l) rates of permanone (permethrin), bioresmethrin and esbiothrin. malathion was applied as a standard. mortality at 24-h posttreatment was highest with bioresmethrin h at 15 m. permanone h exhibited good control out to 60 m (88.9%), but dropped to an unacceptable level (65.5%) at 90 m. the low rates of all compounds produced unsatisfactory results at 24- ... | 1991 | 1895079 |
| mitochondrial and ribosomal dna variation among members of the anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae) species complex. | the extent of intra- and inter-specific variation in mitochondrial dna and nuclear ribosomal rna gene restriction sites was determined for the four sibling species of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex. individual mosquitoes were identified by allozyme analysis according to previously published keys, and the total genomic dna of these same individuals was then cleaved with restriction enzymes. restriction maps of mitochondrial dna, including the positions of variable sites, were constructed f ... | 1992 | 1473727 |
| biotic and abiotic parameters associated with an epizootic of coelomomyces punctatus in a larval population of the mosquito anopheles quadrimaculatus. | biotic and abiotic parameters associated with an epizootic of the fungus coelomomyces punctatus in larval populations of the mosquito anopheles quadrimaculatus were investigated for three mosquito breeding seasons (1986-1988) in two adjacent farm ponds in north carolina. in the first pond, the prevalence of infected larvae averaged 42% (range 0-85%) for collections made weekly from may 1 to november 20, 1986, but larvae did not occur in this pond in 1987. infection rates in the adjacent pond, sa ... | 1992 | 1431193 |
| evidence for the copepods acanthocyclops robustus and mesocyclops edax as competent intermediate hosts for coelomomyces punctatus during an epizootic in a larval population of the mosquito anopheles quadrimaculatus. | field and laboratory experiments were conducted during an epizootic of coelomomyces punctatus (chytridiomycetes: blastocladiales) in a population of the mosquito anopheles quadrimaculatus in a north carolina farm pond to examine the interactions of several potential copepod hosts with the mosquito and fungus. the diel vertical migratory behavior of the copepod species acanthocyclops robustus, eucyclops serrulatus, macrocyclops albidus, and mesocyclops edax were monitored in relation to infection ... | 1992 | 1431194 |
| photoperiod and the relationship between wing length and body weight in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | the effect of photoperiod on wing length, body weight, and relationship between wing length and body weight was investigated in the mosquito species anopheles quadrimaculatus. individuals reared under a short photoperiod (8 h light: 16 h dark) had longer wings and larger weights than did those reared under a long photoperiod (16 h light: 8 h dark). covariance analysis showed that photoperiod and wing length interacted so that photoperiod did not have a uniform effect on body weight at all wing l ... | 1992 | 1402869 |
| efficacy of various ground-applied pyrethroids against adult anopheles quadrimaculatus in the rice growing region of arkansas. | ground-applied ulv, cold aerosol, insecticide sprays were evaluated against caged adult female anopheles quadrimaculatus. treatments included 2 rates each of resmethrin, permethrin and a water-based permethrin formulation. mortality at 24 h posttreatment was not significantly (p greater than or equal to 0.05) different between the resmethrin and water-based permethrin treatments. both rates of permethrin were significantly (p less than 0.05) less effective than the other treatments. | 1992 | 1583494 |
| diel sugar-feeding and host-seeking rhythms in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) under laboratory conditions. | mosquito sugar-feeding and host-seeking rhythms were recorded in the laboratory using remote sensors. in all five species studied, the two rhythms were nearly synchronous. in anopheles quadrimaculatus say, culex quinquefasciatus say, and aedes triseriatus (say), host-seeking activity increased slightly earlier than sugar feeding in the evening. the evening sugar-feeding period was longer than the evening host-seeking period in aedes aegypti (l.), but the two periods were of similar duration in a ... | 1992 | 1357175 |
| conservation of a highly repeated dna family of aedes albopictus among mosquito genomes (diptera: culicidae). | the genomic organization and chromosomal localization of a cloned 0.79-kb highly repeated dna fragment, h-115, isolated from aedes albopictus has been examined. the cloned fragment is a part of a larger unit of 1.86 kb that is tandemly repeated in the ae. albopictus genome. the h-115 family of sequences are located at the intercalary position on chromosome 1 in ae. albopictus. similar patterns of in situ and southern blot hybridization results are obtained in ae. aegypti, ae. seatoi, ae. flavopi ... | 1992 | 24202672 |
| comparative susceptibility of species a, b and c of anopheles quadrimaculatus complex to infection with subperiodic brugia malayi and brugia pahangi (nematoda: filarioidea). | susceptibilities of natural populations of sibling species a, b and c of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex and the colonized strain a to subperiodic brugia malayi and brugia pahangi were compared. all 3 sibling species showed varying degrees of susceptibility to both b. pahangi and b. malayi, and they were considerably more susceptible to b. pahangi than to b. malayi. the rate and intensity of infection to b. pahangi were highest for species a (66.2% and 7.4 l3/female, respectively) and lowe ... | 1992 | 1583491 |
| characterization of the intracellular melanization response in anopheles quadrimaculatus against subperiodic brugia malayi larvae. | intracellular melanization, a defense or an immune response in the thoracic muscle cells, was investigated in a refractory strain of anopheles quadrimaculatus infected with larvae of brugia malayi. in mosquitoes fed on b. malayi-infected jirds, intracellular melanization against first-stage larvae (l1) was better expressed when fewer than 40 microfilariae reached the thoracic muscle cells than when more than 40 microfilariae reached the thoracic muscle cells. this result suggests that when large ... | 1992 | 1403431 |
| lethal effects of ivermectin on anopheles quadrimaculatus. | female anopheles quadrimaculatus adults were blood fed on 15 mixed breed dogs 4 h after the dogs were given oral dosages of ivermectin. dogs were divided into 5 treatment groups of 3 dogs each, at 10, 500, 1,000, 2,500 micrograms/kg, and untreated. additionally, an. quadrimaculatus were fed on lambskin-membranes containing blood drawn from one dog in each treatment group. mosquitoes were allowed to feed on the dogs or the lambskin-membranes and were observed for death at 24 and 48 h post-feeding ... | 1992 | 1402865 |
| mosquito host range and specificity of edhazardia aedis (microspora: culicosporidae). | edhazardia aedis was transmitted horizontally to its natural host, aedes aegypti, and to 6 alternate hosts: ae. albopictus, ae. triseriatus, ae. taeniorhynchus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, orthopodomyia signifera and toxorhynchites rutilus rutilus. the microsporidium produced both binucleate and uninucleate spores in all susceptible hosts. transovarial transmission, however, was only successful in ae. aegypti. therefore, while e. aedis can infect a variety of mosquito species from diverse genera, ... | 1993 | 7902414 |
| intracellular development of subperiodic brugia malayi influenced by mosquito thoracic muscle cells. | the in vitro development of 1-day-old intracellularly lodged larvae of brugia malayi cultured in infected excised thoraces of selected susceptible and refractory strains of aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus was compared with larvae reared in vivo. in susceptible mosquitoes, both in vitro and in vivo, larvae developed normally and abnormally. in refractory mosquitoes this pattern of both normal and abnormal development was also observed, except that comparatively fewer larvae developed ... | 1993 | 8105000 |
| effects of ivermectin in canine blood on anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes albopictus and culex salinarius. | blood from ivermectin-treated dogs was tested against adult mosquitoes. mosquitoes were allowed to bloodfeed on mixed breed dogs 4 h after dogs were given oral dosages of ivermectin. in test 1, anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes albopictus fed on dogs that had been given ivermectin dosages of 0, 6, 12, and 24 micrograms/kg. in test 2, culex salinarius and ae. albopictus fed on dogs that had been given dosages of 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 micrograms/kg. in both tests, mosquitoes were observed for m ... | 1993 | 8126472 |
| bionomics of anopheles quadrimaculatus and culex erraticus (diptera: culicidae) in the falls lake basin, north carolina: seasonal changes in abundance and gonotrophic status, and host-feeding patterns. | larval and adult anopheles quadrimaculatus say (sensu lato) and culex erraticus (dyar & knab) were collected at falls of the neuse lake (falls lake) in north carolina from may 1985 to december 1986. adult mosquitoes were aspirated weekly from shelters in woodlands adjacent to larval sampling sites. an. quadrimaculatus and cx. erraticus comprised > 95% of the total number of mosquitoes collected. an. quadrimaculatus adults exhibited vernal and autumnal peaks of abundance during both years. cx. er ... | 1993 | 8360893 |
| effect of photoperiod on longevity and metabolic rate in anopheles quadrimaculatus. | the effect of photoperiod on longevity of nondiapausing members of a species in the mosquito species complex anopheles quadrimaculatus was tested in laboratory experiments. first-generation adults reared from 2 field collections showed the same trends: those reared under short photoperiod (8 h light: 16 h dark) lived longer than did those reared under long photoperiod (16 h light: 8 h dark). adult metabolic rates were not consistently related to longevity. in adults reared from the first collect ... | 1993 | 8350072 |
| multiple-technique identification of sibling species of the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex. | in the past, most researchers used a single technique for identification of cryptic taxa, population structures, biosystematics, and phylogenetic studies. our experience with the anopheles quadrimaculatus complex shows the importance of using several methods on individual mosquitoes. this approach consists of analysis of the polytene chromosomes in ovarian nurse cells, gas chromatographic profiles of cuticular hydrocarbons, isozyme electrophoresis, and restriction site analysis of mitochondrial ... | 1993 | 8126484 |
| bacterial enrichment in the surface microlayer of an anopheles quadrimaculatus (diptera: culicidae) larval habitat. | sampling of the surface microlayer of water in a marsh habitat of anopheles quadrimaculatus say in michigan revealed it to be enriched with bacteria compared with subsurface water samples. concentrations of total numbers of bacteria ranged from 18.8 x 10(6)/ml to 65.4 x 10(6)/ml (mean, 35.9 x 10(6)/ml; n = 13) in surface microlayer samples, and from 3.8 x 10(6)/ml to 14.3 x 10(6)/ml, (mean, 7.8 x 10(6)/ml; n = 13) in subsurface samples. specifically, the surface microlayer had higher concentrati ... | 1993 | 8271247 |
| the mitochondrial genome of anopheles quadrimaculatus species a: complete nucleotide sequence and gene organization. | the complete sequence (15,455 bp) of the mitochondrial dna of the mosquito anopheles quadrimaculatus species a is reported. this genome is compact and very a+t rich (77.4% a+t). it contains genes for 2 ribosomal rnas (rrnas), 22 transfer rnas (trnas), and 13 subunits of the mitochondrial inner membrane respiratory complexes. the gene arrangement is the same as in drosophila yakuba, except that the positions of two contiguous trnas are reversed and a third trna is transcribed from the complementa ... | 1993 | 8112570 |
| short-term changes in the abundance and parity rate of anopheles quadrimaculatus species c (diptera: culicidae) in a central florida swamp. | updraft cdc traps baited with dry ice were used to monitor changes in the abundance and parity rate of anopheles quadrimaculatus say complex mosquitoes in an intermittently flooded swamp in central florida during an 18-d period. mosquitoes collected each day were identified to species using dna hybridization and isozyme electrophoretic techniques and were dissected to determine follicular maturation and parity. of 1,178 an. quadrimaculatus mosquitoes identified to species, 4% were species a and ... | 1993 | 8271245 |
| sequence of a dna probe specific for anopheles quadrimaculatus species a (diptera: culicidae). | the nucleotide sequence was determined for a portion of a 12-kb genomic dna clone specific for anopheles quadrimaculatus species a. four short, internally repeated sequences were identified. synthetic oligonucleotide probes were prepared based on these four repeats. the oligonucleotides are highly specific and can be reliably used to separate individuals of an. quadrimaculatus species a from members of other species of the complex. | 1993 | 8254645 |