| dengue in taiwan: pointing the finger at aedes aegypti. | in this issue of the biomedical journal we explore the history of dengue infection in taiwan and what current trends have to say about the vector responsible for transmitting the disease on the island. we focus on original research reporting the development of a new perfusion bioreactor to engineer bone from human cord blood stem cells. finally, we look at trends in osteoporosis in taiwan and how they highlight the success of public health campaigns. | 2018 | 30580790 |
| distinctive regulatory properties of pyruvate kinase 1 from aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | female aedes aegypti mosquitoes are vectors of arboviruses that cause diseases of public health significance. the discovery of new metabolic targets is crucial for improving mosquito control strategies. we recently demonstrated that glucose oxidation supports ammonia detoxification in a. aegypti. pyruvate kinase (pk, ec 2.7.1.40) catalyzes the last step of the glycolytic pathway. in most organisms, one or more allosteric effectors control pk activity. however, the kinetic properties and structur ... | 2019 | 30578824 |
| production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain iii based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development. | dengue fever is a mosquito (aedes aegypti) -transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. there are four serotypes of the dengue virus (denv 1-4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. to date, the first vaccine, dengvaxia (cyd-tdv), is available after many decades' efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. more effective and affordable vaccines are hence required. plants offer promising vaccine producti ... | 2019 | 30578710 |
| zika in puerto rico, 2016-2017: ii perspectives on epidemic surveillance and control, health communication, outcomes and lessons. | the social reaction to the zika epidemic in puerto rico reached a confrontational climax regarding aerial fumigation with an organophosphate insecticide. the public drama has obscured multiple simultaneous controversies. this and a companion paper, based mostly on print and digital news reports, provide a context and description of the major controversies and examine the outcomes and their lessons for the protection of the public's health. part ii covers the questions on disease surveillance (wh ... | 2018 | 30576574 |
| zika virus in the americas: an environmental health perspective. | phylogenetic studies suggest that zikv may have been introduced to brazil, and therefore to the americas, in 2014 during the world spring canoe championship held in the city of rio de janeiro. since then the virus has spread across latin america, caribbean, and north america. it seems clear that aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, aedes albopictus are the main vectors of the pathogen. zikv infection symptoms are similar to other flaviviruses such as a dengue infection and therefore can be eas ... | 2018 | 30576572 |
| the pagodas protocol: pediatric assessment group of dengue and aedes saliva protocol to investigate vector-borne determinants of aedes-transmitted arboviral infections in cambodia. | mosquito-borne arboviruses, like dengue virus, continue to cause significant global morbidity and mortality, particularly in southeast asia. when the infectious mosquitoes probe into human skin for a blood meal, they deposit saliva containing a myriad of pharmacologically active compounds, some of which alter the immune response and influence host receptivity to infection, and consequently, the establishment of the virus. previous reports have highlighted the complexity of mosquito vector-derive ... | 2018 | 30572920 |
| construction sites in miami-dade county, florida are highly favorable environments for vector mosquitoes. | urbanization is increasing globally, and construction sites are an integral part of the urbanization process. it is unknown to what extent construction sites create favorable breeding conditions for mosquitoes. the main objectives of the present study were to identify what species of mosquitoes are present at construction sites and the respective physical features associated with their production. eleven construction sites were cross-sectionally surveyed for the presence of mosquitoes in miami-d ... | 2018 | 30571764 |
| the tudor protein veneno assembles the ping-pong amplification complex that produces viral pirnas in aedes mosquitoes. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) comprise a class of small rnas best known for suppressing transposable elements in germline tissues. the vector mosquito aedes aegypti encodes seven piwi genes, four of which are somatically expressed. this somatic pirna pathway generates pirnas from viral rna during infection with cytoplasmic rna viruses through ping-pong amplification by the piwi proteins ago3 and piwi5. yet, additional insights into the molecular mechanisms mediating non-canonical pirna producti ... | 2019 | 30566680 |
| container size alters the outcome of interspecific competition between aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and aedes albopictus. | aedes aegypti l. and aedes albopictus skuse co-occur in a variety of water-filled containers where they compete for resources. larvae of ae. albopictus skuse often outcompete those of ae. aegypti l., but variation in biotic and abiotic parameters can modify the outcome of this interspecific competition. we tested whether container size can alter the magnitude and direction of intra- and interspecific competition by rearing three ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus larval combinations (100:0, 50:50 an ... | 2019 | 30566608 |
| bioactivity of wild carrot (daucus carota, apiaceae) essential oil against mosquito larvae. | invasive alien plants wreak havoc on native ecosystems and using them as a source of biopesticides could improve their management. we examined the toxicity of essential oil of wild carrot (also known as 'queen anne's lace', daucus carota linnaeus), an aggressive invader throughout the united states, against aedes aegypti l., culex pipiens l., and culex restuans theobald larvae. comparisons were made between essential oil extracted from umbels of local populations of wild carrot versus a commerci ... | 2019 | 30566578 |
| soluble expression of recombinant midgut zymogen (native propeptide) proteases from the aedes aegypti mosquito utilizing e. coli as a host. | studying proteins and enzymes involved in important biological processes in the aedes aegypti mosquito is limited by the quantity that can be directly isolated from the mosquito. adding to this difficulty, digestive enzymes (midgut proteases) involved in metabolizing blood meal proteins require a more oxidizing environment to allow proper folding of disulfide bonds. therefore, recombinant techniques to express foreign proteins in escherichia coli prove to be effective in producing milligram quan ... | 2018 | 30563449 |
| simultaneous detection of different zika virus lineages via molecular computation in a point-of-care assay. | we have developed a generalizable "smart molecular diagnostic" capable of accurate point-of-care (poc) detection of variable nucleic acid targets. our isothermal assay relies on multiplex execution of four loop-mediated isothermal amplification reactions, with primers that are degenerate and redundant, thereby increasing the breadth of targets while reducing the probability of amplification failure. an easy-to-read visual answer is computed directly by a multi-input boolean or logic gate (gate o ... | 2018 | 30558136 |
| larval exposure to the bacterial insecticide bti enhances dengue virus susceptibility of adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | understanding the interactions between pathogens sharing the same host can be complicated for holometabolous animals when larval and adult stages are exposed to distinct pathogens. in medically important insect vectors, the effect of pathogen exposure at the larval stage may influence susceptibility to human pathogens at the adult stage. we addressed this hypothesis in the mosquito aedes aegypti, a major vector of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), such as the dengue virus (denv) and the chi ... | 2018 | 30558130 |
| evolution of maternal and zygotic mrna complements in the early drosophila embryo. | the earliest stages of animal development are controlled by maternally deposited mrna transcripts and proteins. once the zygote is able to transcribe its own genome, maternal transcripts are degraded, in a tightly regulated process known as the maternal to zygotic transition (mzt). while this process has been well-studied within model species, we have little knowledge of how the pools of maternal and zygotic transcripts evolve. to characterize the evolutionary dynamics and functional constraints ... | 2018 | 30557299 |
| aedes aegypti galectin competes with cry11aa for binding to alp1 to modulate cry toxicity. | the key step for the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) is the interaction between toxins and putative receptors; thus, many studies focus on identification of new toxin receptors and engineering of toxins with higher affinity/specificity for receptors. in the larvae of aedes aegypti, galectin-14 was one of the genes upregulated by bti treatment. rnai knockdown expression of galectin-14 and feeding recombinant galectin-14-thioredoxin fusion protein significantly affected ... | 2018 | 30556692 |
| evaluation of the leaf essential oil from artemisia vulgaris and its larvicidal and repellent activity against dengue fever vector aedes aegypti-an experimental and molecular docking investigation. | aedes aegypti is a mosquito vector that spreads dengue fever and yellow fever worldwide in tropical and subtropical countries. essential oil isolated from artemisia vulgaris is found to have larvicidal and repellent action against this vector. the dried leaves were subjected to hydrodistillation using a clevenger-type apparatus for 4 h. the isolated essential oil was analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the major insecticidal compounds were identified as α-humulene (0.72%) ... | 2018 | 30556010 |
| mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in aedes (stegomyia) aegypti from colombia. | in colombia aedes (stegomyia) aegypti is the main vector of urban arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya and zika. this urban mosquito has a well-established capacity to develop insecticide resistance to different types of insecticides (pyrethroids, organochlorides, organophosphates), using multiple resistance mechanisms. an understanding of ongoing resistance mechanisms is critical to determining the activities of vector control programs. in order to identify the biochemical and molecular mech ... | 2019 | 30552882 |
| proteins, transcripts, and genetic architecture of seminal fluid and sperm in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti,, transmits several viruses causative of serious diseases, including dengue, zika, and chikungunya. some proposed efforts to control this vector involve manipulating reproduction to suppress wild populations or to replace them with disease-resistant mosquitoes. the design of such strategies requires an intimate knowledge of reproductive processes, yet our basic understanding of reproductive genetics in this vector remains largely incomplete. to accelerate ... | 2019 | 30552291 |
| omics approaches to study juvenile hormone synthesis. | the juvenile hormones (jhs) are a family of insect acyclic sesquiterpenoids produced by the corpora allata (ca), a pair of endocrine glands connected to the brain. they are involved in the regulation of development, reproduction, behavior, caste determination, diapause, stress response, and numerous polyphenisms. in the post-genomics era, comprehensive analyses using functional 'omics' technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics have increased our understanding of the activ ... | 2018 | 30551825 |
| genetic variability of the aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquito in el salvador, vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika. | aedes aegypti is associated with dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika viruses. this vector is widespread in tropical and subtropical areas, and can also occur in temperate areas at higher latitudes. the geographical distribution of ae. aegypti continues to spread due to human activities. this is the first study to examine the population genetic structure of this insect in el salvador, central america. | 2018 | 30547835 |
| susceptible and mcry3a resistant corn rootworm larvae killed by a non-hemolytic bacillus thuringiensis cyt1aa mutant. | the western corn rootworm (wcr) diabrotica virgifera virgifera causes substantial damage in corn. genetically modified (gm) plants expressing some bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal cry proteins efficiently controlled this pest. however, changes in wcr susceptibility to these bt traits have evolved and identification of insecticidal proteins with different modes of action against wcr is necessary. we show here for the first time that cyt1aa from bt exhibits toxicity against wcr besides to ... | 2018 | 30546034 |
| aspergillus terreus (trichocomaceae): a natural, eco-friendly mycoinsecticide for control of malaria, filariasis, dengue vectors and its toxicity assessment against an aquatic model organism artemia nauplii. | vector-borne diseases like malaria, filariasis, and dengue are transmitted by mosquitoes and they cause global mortality and morbidity due to an increased resistance against commercial insecticides. the present study was aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral toxicity, knock-down effect, histopathology, ovicidal, adulticidal, and smoke toxicity effect of aspergillus terreus extract against three mosquito species, namely anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti (diptera: culi ... | 2018 | 30534070 |
| multispecies transcriptomics data set of brugia malayi, its wolbachia endosymbiont wbm, and aedes aegypti across the b. malayi life cycle. | here, we present a comprehensive transcriptomics data set of brugia malayi, its wolbachia endosymbiont wbm, and its vector host. this study samples from 16 stages across the entire b. malayi life cycle, including stage 1 through 4 larvae, adult males and females, embryos, immature microfilariae, and mature microfilariae. | 2018 | 30533772 |
| comparison of landmark- and outline-based geometric morphometrics for discriminating mosquito vectors in ratchaburi province, thailand. | it is often challenging to identify mosquito vectors in the field based on morphological features due to their similar morphologies and difficulties in obtaining undamaged samples but is required for their successful control. geometric morphometrics (gm) overcomes this issue by analyzing a suite of traits simultaneously and has the added advantages of being easy to use, low cost, and quick. therefore, this research compared the efficiency and precision of landmark- and outline-based gm technique ... | 2018 | 30533435 |
| dengue outbreaks in hawai'i after wwii - a review of public health response and scientific literature. | the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv) cause the most important and common arthropod-borne viral diseases in humans. there have been three major dengue outbreaks in hawai'i since 1946. the most recent and largest outbreak occurred on hawai'i island in 2015-2016. this article reviews the public health response to dengue outbreaks over the period 2001-2016, as well as scientific literature on dengue outbreaks in hawai'i. as summarized in the assessment by the centers for disease control and pre ... | 2018 | 30533283 |
| correction: mosquito pornoscopy: observation and interruption of aedes aegypti copulation to determine female polyandric event and mixed progeny. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193164.]. | 2018 | 30532207 |
| vector competence of biting midges and mosquitoes for shuni virus. | shuni virus (shuv) is an orthobunyavirus that belongs to the simbu serogroup. shuv was isolated from diverse species of domesticated animals and wildlife, and is associated with neurological disease, abortions, and congenital malformations. recently, shuv caused outbreaks among ruminants in israel, representing the first incursions outside the african continent. the isolation of shuv from a febrile child in nigeria and seroprevalence among veterinarians in south africa suggests that the virus ma ... | 2018 | 30532189 |
| seroprevalence of zika virus among asymptomatic pregnant mothers and their newborns in the najran region of southwest saudi arabia. | zika virus (zikv) is a teratogenic flavivirus that can cause microcephaly. its main vector, aedes aegypti, has been previ.ously identified in saudi arabia, but no zikv infection has yet been reported. nevertheless, the country is at risk from zikv because it receives many travelers throughout the year, including pilgrims from zikv-endemic countries. | 2019 | 30531174 |
| risk prediction system for dengue transmission based on high resolution weather data. | dengue is the fastest spreading vector-borne viral disease, resulting in an estimated 390 million infections annually. precise prediction of many attributes related to dengue is still a challenge due to the complex dynamics of the disease. important attributes to predict include: the risk of and risk factors for an infection; infection severity; and the timing and magnitude of outbreaks. in this work, we build a model for predicting the risk of dengue transmission using high-resolution weather d ... | 2018 | 30521550 |
| co-occurrence of v1016i and f1534c mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel and resistance to pyrethroids in aedes aegypti (l.) from the colombian caribbean region. | knockdown resistance is conferred primarily by non-synonymous mutations that reduce pyrethroids binding to voltage-gated sodium channels. in 2014, kdr mutation v1016i in aedes aegypti populations resistant to pyrethroids was reported for the first time in colombiα, in 2016 another kdr mutation, f1534c, and in 2018 the mutation v419l. nine populations of a. aegypti, previously characterized as being resistant to λ-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin and permethrin, were used for this study. gen ... | 2019 | 30520256 |
| the composition of midgut bacteria in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) that are naturally susceptible or refractory to dengue viruses. | the composition, abundance, and diversity of midgut bacteria in mosquitoes can influence pathogen transmission. we used 16s rrna microbiome profiling to survey midgut microbial diversity in pooled samples of laboratory colonized dengue-refractory, cali-mib, and dengue-susceptible, cali-s aedes aegypti (linnaeus). the 16s rrna sequences from the sugar-fed midguts of adult females clustered to 63 amplicon sequence variants (asvs), primarily from proteobacteria, firmicutes, flavobacteria, and actin ... | 2018 | 30508201 |
| optimization of double-stranded rnai intrathoracic injection method in aedes aegypti. | rna interference is widely used to analyze gene functions via phenotypic knockdown of target transcripts in mosquitoes, which transmit numerous mosquito-borne diseases. functional analysis of mosquito genes is indispensable to understand and reduce transmission of mosquito-borne diseases in mosquitoes. intrathoracic injection of double-stranded rna (dsrna) remains the simplest and most customizable method in mosquitoes for functional analysis of the genes of interest. however, achieving consiste ... | 2018 | 30505333 |
| differential suppression of persistent insect specific viruses in trans-infected wmel and wmelpop-cla aedes-derived mosquito lines. | wolbachia suppresses the replication of +ssrna viruses such as dengue and zika viruses in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. however, the range of viruses affected by this endosymbiont is yet to be explored. recently, novel insect-specific viruses (isvs) have been described from numerous mosquito species and mosquito-derived cell lines. cell-fusing agent virus (flaviviridae) and phasi charoen-like virus (bunyaviridae) persistently infect the ae. aegypti cell line aag2 which has been used for experimental ... | 2019 | 30503908 |
| [new altitudinal registration of aedes aegypti in the region of piura, peru]. | | 2019 | 30517515 |
| [costs of an aedes aegypti vector control program in municipalities in colombia: a case study in girón and guadalajara de buga, 2016]. | the aim of this study was to measure the costs of vector-borne disease control programs at the local level in colombia (2016). a cost analysis was performed for this purpose from the policymaker's perspective in the municipalities (counties) of girón and guadalajara de buga, specifically for the aedes aegypti control program, the principal mosquito vector of dengue, zika, and chikungunya. the analysis involved the quantification of all the costs required for each of the prevention and control st ... | 2018 | 30517314 |
| sequential infection of aedes aegypti mosquitoes with chikungunya virus and zika virus enhances early zika virus transmission. | in urban settings, chikungunya, zika, and dengue viruses are transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. since these viruses co-circulate in several regions, coinfection in humans and vectors may occur, and human coinfections have been frequently reported. yet, little is known about the molecular aspects of virus interactions within hosts and how they contribute to arbovirus transmission dynamics. we have previously shown that aedes aegypti exposed to chikungunya and zika viruses in the same blood ... | 2018 | 30513725 |
| volatile composition and biological activities of the leaf essential oil from zanthoxylum limoncello grown in oaxaca, méxico. | zanthoxylum limoncello is a native plant from southern mexico which is used as a timber source, condiment and as a traditional medicine. herein, we report on the volatile content of the leaf essential oil and its biological activities. the annual essential oils (2015-2018) contained volatile organic compounds which exhibited a moderate growth inhibitory activity against h. pylori atcc 53504 (mic 121.4-139.7 μg ml-1 ), 26695 (mic 85.5-94.9 μg ml-1 ) and j99 (mic 94.7-110.4 μg ml-1 ). these hydrod ... | 2019 | 30512233 |
| alternative insecticides for larval control of the dengue vector aedes aegypti in lao pdr: insecticide resistance and semi-field trial study. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is the primary vector of several arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika, and represents a major public health problem in southeast asia. in laos, where dengue is reemerging, several ae. aegypti populations from the capital vientiane have shown resistance to the organophosphate temephos, a commonly-used larvicide for public health interventions. | 2018 | 30509299 |
| coinfection of chikungunya and dengue viruses: a serological study from north western region of punjab, india. | dengue and chikungunya (chik) infections appear to be increasing in all parts of india. aedes aegypti mosquitoes are common vectors for dengue virus (denv) and chik virus (chikv). in areas where both viruses cocirculate, they can be transmitted together. there are very few studies discussing the dengue-chik coinfection from punjab region of india. the present study was undertaken to study the clinical features of dengue-chik coinfection and compare with monoinfection. | 2019 | 30498319 |
| a scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus. | chikungunya virus (chikv) has caused several major epidemics globally over the last two decades and is quickly expanding into new areas. although this mosquito-borne disease is self-limiting and is not associated with high mortality, it can lead to severe, chronic and disabling arthritis, thereby posing a heavy burden to healthcare systems. the two main vectors for chikv are aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (asian tiger mosquito); however, many other mosquito species have been described as com ... | 2018 | 30496207 |
| mosquitoes modulate leg dynamics at takeoff to accommodate surface roughness. | insects perform takeoffs from a nearly unquantifiable number of surface permutations and many use their legs to initiate upward movement prior to the onset of wingbeats, including the mosquito. in this study we examine the unprovoked pre-takeoff mechanics of aedes aegypti mosquitoes from two surfaces of contrasting roughness, one with roughness similar to polished glass and the other comparable to the human forearm. using high-speed videography, we find mosquitos exhibit two distinct leg actions ... | 2018 | 30479315 |
| a novel highly divergent strain of cell fusing agent virus (cfav) in mosquitoes from the brazilian amazon region. | classical insect-specific flaviviruses (cisfs) have been widely detected in different countries in the last decades. here, we characterize the near full-length genomes of two cisfs detected in mosquitoes collected in the city of macapá, state of amapá, amazon region of brazil. a total of 105 pools of female mosquitos were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (ngs). comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis identified three strains of cell fusing agent virus (cfav) and two of culex flavivi ... | 2018 | 30477235 |
| void entry by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes is lower than would be expected by a randomized search. | insects enter every passible space on the planet. despite our best efforts, flying insects infiltrate slightly open windows in domiciles, automobiles, storage spaces, and more. is this ubiquitous experience a consequence of insect abundance and probability, or are flying insects adept at detecting passageways? there remains a lack of understanding of insect effectiveness in finding passage through the voids and imperfections in physical barriers in response to attractants, a topic particularly c ... | 2018 | 30476211 |
| global spatial assessment of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus: a scenario of zika virus exposure. | zika virus (zikv) is an arbovirus transmitted mainly by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. recent scientific evidence on culex quinquefasciatus has suggested its potential as a vector for zikv, which may change the current risk zones. we aimed to quantify the world population potentially exposed to zikv in a spatially explicit way, considering the primary vector (a. aegypti) and the potential vector (c. quinquefasciatus). our model combined species distribution modelling of mosquito species with spatiall ... | 2018 | 30474578 |
| saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) as an interfering rna expression and delivery system. | the broad application of rna interference for disease prevention is dependent upon the production of dsrna in an economically feasible, scalable, and sustainable fashion, as well as the identification of safe and effective methods for rna delivery. current research has sparked interest in the use of saccharomyces cerevisiae for these applications. this review examines the potential for commercial development of yeast interfering rna expression and delivery systems. s. cerevisiae is a genetic mod ... | 2019 | 30474529 |
| ecotoxicity response of chlorpyrifos in aedes aegypti larvae and lactuca sativa seeds after uv/h2o2 and uvc oxidation. | chlorpyrifos (cp) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture known to cause neurological and immunological effects in addition to interfering in the reproduction and development of organisms. in this study, cp degradation by uv/h2o2 process and uvc radiation was investigated, and the ecotoxicity and phytotoxicity was evaluated using bioassays of aedes aegypti larvae and lactuca sativa seeds. cp degradation was monitored by hplc-dad, and kinetic parameters were calculated for all ... | 2019 | 30471582 |
| zikv demonstrates minimal pathologic effects and mosquito infectivity in viremic cynomolgus macaques. | to evaluate the effects of zikv infection on non-human primates (nhps), as well as to investigate whether these nhps develop sufficient viremia to infect the major urban vector mosquito, aedes aegypti, four cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) were subcutaneously infected with 5.0 log10 focus-forming units (ffu) of dna clone-derived zikv strain fss13025 (asian lineage, cambodia, 2010). following infection, the animals were sampled (blood, urine, tears, and saliva), underwent daily health mo ... | 2018 | 30469417 |
| going viral 2019: zika, chikungunya, and dengue. | chikungunya and zika virus infections are emerging diseases in the americas, and dengue continues to be the most prevalent arthropod-borne virus in the world. these arbovirus diseases may spread by endemic transmission or as travel-related infections and have rapidly expanded their geographic distribution secondary to vector spread. all 3 share a similar clinical picture that includes a maculopapular rash. zika is characterized by pruritic rash, low-grade fever, and arthralgia. congenital nervou ... | 2019 | 30466692 |
| aedes aegypti vector competence studies: a review. | aedes aegypti is the primary transmitter of the four viruses that have had the greatest impact on human health, the viruses causing yellow fever, dengue fever, chikungunya, and zika fever. because this mosquito is easy to rear in the laboratory and these viruses grow in laboratory tissue culture cells, many studies have been performed testing the relative competence of different populations of the mosquito to transmit many different strains of viruses. we review here this large literature includ ... | 2019 | 30465912 |
| recent history of aedes aegypti: vector genomics and epidemiology records. | aedes aegypti bears the common name "the yellow fever mosquito," although, today, it is of more concern as the major vector of dengue, chikungunya, and, most recently, zika viruses. in the present article, we review recent work on the population genetics of this mosquito in efforts to reconstruct its recent (approximately 600 years) history and relate these findings to epidemiological records of occurrences of diseases transmitted by this species. the two sources of information are remarkably co ... | 2018 | 30464351 |
| longevity of mass-reared, irradiated and packed male anopheles arabiensis and aedes aegypti under simulated environmental field conditions. | to ensure the success of a mosquito control programme that integrates the sterile insect technique (sit), it is highly desirable to release sterile males with a maximal lifespan to increase release effectiveness. understanding sterile male survival under field conditions is thus critical for determining the number of males to be released. our study aimed to investigate the effect of mass rearing, irradiation, chilling, packing and release time on irradiated male mosquito longevity. | 2018 | 30463624 |
| autocidal gravid ovitrap incorporation with attractants for control of gravid and host-seeking aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti linnaeus (diptera: culicidae) is a primary vector of multiple arboviruses including zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever. after incorporating bg lure or bg lure + octenol, the cdc's autocidal gravid ovitrap (ago) was more effective at collecting and controlling host-seeking female ae. aegypti than gravid female mosquitoes. the addition of octenol to the ago did not increase the number of female mosquitoes captured by the ago, compared with the ago alone. the ago baited with ... | 2019 | 30462293 |
| monitoring insecticide resistance profiles of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in the sunda islands of indonesia based on diagnostic doses of larvicides. | this study was conducted to monitor the susceptibility status of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) larvae in the sunda islands of indonesia against various organophosphates and organochlorines. larval bioassay was performed in accordance with the world health organization standard protocol. field-collected and reference strains of ae. aegypti larvae were tested against diagnostic doses of eight larvicides belonging to organophosphates and organochlorines, namely bromophos (0.050 mg/liter), chlopyrifos (0 ... | 2019 | 30462258 |
| past, present and future of aedes aegypti in its south american southern distribution fringe: what do temperature and population tell us? | aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) (linnaeus) is currently the major threat among arbovirus vectors in the americas. we examined its past, present, and future distribution patterns in the south american fringe in association with environmental and demographic variables at two spatial scales. we updated the database of the occurrence of ae. aegypti per locality and modelled by glmm the past occurrence (until 2000) and its expansion (2001-2017) as a function of air temperature, precipitation, alti ... | 2019 | 30458122 |
| water channel activity of putative aquaporin-6 present in aedes aegypti. | aquaporins (aqps) are integral membrane channels that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water and sometimes other small solutes across biological membranes. aqps are important in mediating environmental adaptations in mosquitoes and are considered as a novel target for the development of effective insecticides against mosquitoes. here, we expressed aedes aegypti aqp6 ( aaaqp6) in human embryonic kidney (hek) 293 cells and analyzed the water permeability by a conventional swelling assay, ... | 2019 | 30456765 |
| vertical transmission of naturally occurring bunyamwera and insect-specific flavivirus infections in mosquitoes from islands and mainland shores of lakes victoria and baringo in kenya. | many arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes have been implicated as causative agents of both human and animal illnesses in east africa. although epidemics of arboviral emerging infectious diseases have risen in frequency in recent years, the extent to which mosquitoes maintain pathogens in circulation during inter-epidemic periods is still poorly understood. this study aimed to investigate whether arboviruses may be maintained by vertical transmission via immature life stages of different mosquit ... | 2018 | 30452443 |
| cyp-mediated permethrin resistance in aedes aegypti and evidence for trans-regulation. | aedes aegypti poses a serious risk to human health due to its wide global distribution, high vector competence for several arboviruses, frequent human biting, and ability to thrive in urban environments. pyrethroid insecticides remain the primary means of controlling adult a. aegypti populations during disease outbreaks. as a result of decades of use, pyrethroid resistance is a global problem. cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (cyp)-mediated detoxification is one of the primary mechanisms of pyrethr ... | 2018 | 30452436 |
| air versus water temperature of aquatic habitats in delhi: implications for transmission dynamics of aedes aegypti. | the present study was planned to characterize the microclimate experienced by aedes larvae in different breeding habitats by determining the temperature variations in water kept in containers during different months under natural conditions. the study was conducted in three municipal zones of delhi. in each site, four types of container material (plastic, cement, iron and ceramic) were chosen for recording the water temperature in the containers. daily air and water temperatures (mean, maximum a ... | 2018 | 30451475 |
| operational satellite-based temporal modelling of aedes population in argentina. | aedes aegypti is a vector for chikungunya, dengue and zika viruses in latin america and is therefore a large public health problem for the region. for this reason, several inter-institutional and multidisciplinary efforts have been made to support vector control actions through the use of geospatial technologies. this study presents the development of an operational system for the application of free access to remotely sensed products capable of assessing the oviposition activity of ae. aegypti ... | 2018 | 30451465 |
| innate immune response of primary human keratinocytes to west nile virus infection and its modulation by mosquito saliva. | west nile virus (wnv) is a flavivirus involved in many human infections worldwide. this arthropod-borne virus is directly co-inoculated with mosquito saliva through the epidermis and the dermis during blood meal. wnv starts replicating in the skin before migrating to the draining lymph node, leading to widespread viremia and in some cases to neurological symptoms. skin is a complex organ composed of different cell types that together perform essential functions such as pathogen sensing, barrier ... | 2018 | 30450338 |
| pharmacological inhibition of inward rectifier potassium channels induces lethality in larval aedes aegypti. | the inward rectifier potassium (kir) channels play key roles in the physiology of mosquitoes and other insects. our group, among others, previously demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of kir channels are promising lead molecules for developing new insecticides to control adult female mosquitoes. however, the potential use of kir channel inhibitors as larvicidal agents is unknown. here we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of kir channels in the larvae of aedes aegypti, ... | 2018 | 30445675 |
| a comprehensive review of the manifestations and pathogenesis of zika virus in neonates and adults. | the zika virus (zikv) has been slowly becoming an epidemic in different parts of the world. since its discovery in 1947, there have been numerous outbreaks affecting many different populations. currently, there is an ongoing threat of zikv in latin america and the united states of america. zikv is mainly spread by the aedesaegypti mosquito and causes non-specific symptoms such as fever, myalgia, and generalized weakness. in addition to these symptoms, it has been noted the zikv is capable of cau ... | 2018 | 30443460 |
| competition among aedes aegypti larvae. | adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes are important vectors of human disease. the size of the adult female affects her success, fitness, and ability to transmit diseases. the size of the adults is determined during the aquatic larval stage. competition among larvae for food influences the size of the pupa and thus the adult. in these experiments, the food level (mg/larva) and the density (larvae/vial) both affect intraspecific competition, which shows up as the interaction of the two factors. furthermo ... | 2018 | 30439951 |
| improved reference genome of aedes aegypti informs arbovirus vector control. | female aedes aegypti mosquitoes infect more than 400 million people each year with dangerous viral pathogens including dengue, yellow fever, zika and chikungunya. progress in understanding the biology of mosquitoes and developing the tools to fight them has been slowed by the lack of a high-quality genome assembly. here we combine diverse technologies to produce the markedly improved, fully re-annotated aaegl5 genome assembly, and demonstrate how it accelerates mosquito science. we anchored phys ... | 2018 | 30429615 |
| restriction of zika virus infection and transmission in aedes aegypti mediated by an insect-specific flavivirus. | previous studies demonstrated an insect-specific flavivirus, nhumirim virus (nhuv), can suppress growth of west nile virus (wnv) and decrease transmission rates in nhuv/wnv co-inoculated culex quinquefasciatus. to assess whether nhuv might interfere with transmission of other medically important flaviviruses, the ability of nhuv to suppress viral growth of zika virus (zikv) and dengue-2 virus (denv-2) was assessed in aedes albopictus cells. significant reductions in zikv (100,000-fold) and denv- ... | 2018 | 30429457 |
| bioassay and molecular study for detection of insecticide resistance dengue causing mosquito vectors. | nowadays, dengue infection creates a major problem across the country. the vector species carrying dengue infection has progressively started to developed resistance against most of the currently used insecticides. hence, a study was carried out in dengue-endemic areas of assam and arunachal pradesh to find the current situation of insecticide susceptibility status of dengue vectors. based on the previous history of dengue incidence, aedes mosquitoes were collected from dibrugarh, kamrup, sivasa ... | 2019 | 30429402 |
| yellow fever outbreak in brazil: the puzzle of rapid viral spread and challenges for immunisation. | we discuss the complex eco-social factors involved in the puzzle of the unexpected rapid viral spread in the ongoing brazilian yellow fever (yf) outbreak, which has increased the reurbanisation risk of a disease without urban cases in brazil since 1942. indeed, this rapid spatial viral dissemination to the southeast and south regions, now circulating in the atlantic forest fragments close to peri-urban areas of the main brazilian megalopolises (são paulo and rio de janeiro) has led to an exponen ... | 2018 | 30427974 |
| courtship activity, copulation & insemination success in a mosquito vector fed a herbal aphrodisiac: implications for sterile insect technology. | in sterile insect technology (sit), mating competitiveness is a pre-condition for the reduction of target pest populations and a crucial parameter for judging efficacy. still, current sit trials are being hindered by decreased effectiveness due to reduced sexual performance of released males. here, we explored the possible role of a herbal aphrodisiac in boosting the mating activity of aedes aegypti. | 2018 | 30425225 |
| isolation and growth inhibition potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against three public health important mosquito vectors. | the prevalence of mosquito vector borne diseases and the resistance of mosquitoes to conventional pesticides have been of important public concern to the mosquito endemic countries. present study was conducted to identify the native bio-larvicidal potential of the entomopathogenic nematodes; steinernema siamkayai (kpr-4) heterohabditis indica (kpr-8), steinernema glaseri and steinernema abbasi. the isolated nematodes were subsequently cultured and evaluated their larvicidal potential against the ... | 2019 | 30414843 |
| preparation and use of a yeast shrna delivery system for gene silencing in mosquito larvae. | the mosquito genome projects facilitated research in new facets of mosquito biology, including functional genetic studies in the dengue and zika virus vector aedes aegypti and the primary african malaria vector anopheles gambiae. rna interference (rnai) has facilitated gene silencing experiments in both of these disease vector mosquito species and could one day be applied as a new method of vector control. here, we describe a procedure for the genetic engineering of saccharomyces cerevisiae (bak ... | 2019 | 30414120 |
| conserved motifs in the hypervariable domain of chikungunya virus nsp3 required for transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is a re-emerging arthropod-borne (arbo)virus that causes chikungunya fever in humans and is predominantly transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. the chikv replication machinery consists of four non-structural proteins (nsp1-4) that additionally require the presence of a number of host proteins for replication of the viral rna. nsp3 is essential for chikv replication and has a conserved macro, central and c-terminal hypervariable domain (hvd). the hvd is intrinsically ... | 2018 | 30412583 |
| behavioral responses of gravid culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti, and anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes to aquatic macrophyte volatiles. | mosquitoes use many cues to assess whether a habitat is conducive for reproduction, possibly including the presence of stimuli from aquatic macrophytes. the effect of water infusions of water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (pista stratioles), parrotfeather (myriophyllum aquaticum), and water pennywort (hydrocotyle umbellata) on mosquito oviposition and attraction was investigated. gravid culex quinquefasciatus deposited significantly more egg rafts in water hyacinth, water lettuc ... | 2018 | 30408300 |
| effects of the environmental temperature on aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes: a review. | the temperature of the environment is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting the life of insects. as poikilotherms, their body temperature is not constant, and they rely on various strategies to minimize the risk of thermal stress. they have been thus able to colonize a large spectrum of habitats. mosquitoes, such as ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus, vector many pathogens, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. the spread of these diseases has become a major global health co ... | 2018 | 30404142 |
| anopheles mosquitoes may drive invasion and transmission of mayaro virus across geographically diverse regions. | the togavirus (alphavirus) mayaro virus (mayv) was initially described in 1954 from mayaro county (trinidad) and has been responsible for outbreaks in south america and the caribbean. imported mayv cases are on the rise, leading to invasion concerns similar to chikungunya and zika viruses. little is known about the range of mosquito species that are competent mayv vectors. we tested vector competence of 2 mayv genotypes in laboratory strains of six mosquito species (aedes aegypti, anopheles free ... | 2018 | 30403665 |
| insecticide resistance and fitness: the case of four aedes aegypti populations from different brazilian regions. | chemical control is still a major strategy to constrain vector density and mitigate pathogen transmission. however, insecticide overuse poses a high selective pressure, favouring the spread of resistance alleles in natural populations. in an insecticide-free environment, a fitness cost is expected in resistant insects when compared to susceptible counterparts. this study investigates whether insecticide resistance to an organophosphate (temephos) and a pyrethroid (deltamethrin) is associated wit ... | 2018 | 30402487 |
| inspiratory muscle training with isokinetic device to help ventilatory weaning in a patient with guillain-barré syndrome by zika virus. | zika is an arbovirus infection mainly transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. in 2016, the burden of zika epidemic in brazil was significant. patients affected by zika virus can develop guillain-barré syndrome, evolving to muscle respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. in this setting, delayed recovery of the muscle weakness can result in prolonged weaning, a condition that by itself is related to a high mortality rate. the study is reporting a case of a patient with zika and gu ... | 2018 | 30402297 |
| chemical composition and larvicidal activities of azolla pinnata extracts against aedes (diptera:culicidae). | the resistance problem of dengue vectors to different classes of insecticides that are used for public health has raised concerns about vector control programmes. hence, the discovery of alternative compounds that would enhance existing tools is important for overcoming the resistance problem of using insecticides in vectors and ensuring a chemical-free environment. the larvicidal effects of azolla pinnata extracts by using two different extraction methods with methanol solvent against aedes in ... | 2018 | 30399167 |
| inhibition of sodium-hydrogen antiport by antibodies to nha1 in brush border membrane vesicles from whole aedes aegypti larvae. | the present research report describes na+/h+ antiport by brush border membrane vesicles isolated from whole larvae of aedes aegypti (aebbmvw). our hypothesis is that acid quenching of acridine orange by aebbmvw is predominantly mediated by na+/h+ antiport via the nha1 component of the aebbmvw in the absence of amino acids and atp. aenha1 is a na+/h+ antiporter that has been postulated to exchange na+ and h+ across the apical plasma membrane in posterior midgut of a. aegypti larvae. its principal ... | 2019 | 30392010 |
| the combinatory effect of cyt1aa flexibility and specificity against dipteran larvae improves the toxicity of bacillus thuringensis kurstaki toxins. | cyt1a98 is a novel cytolytic protein, from bupm98 bacillus thuringiensis strain, characterized by its synergistic activity with b. thuringiensis kurstaki toxins against lepidopteran larvae. in this study, we evidenced that cyt1a98 improves the toxicity of b. thuringiensis kurstaki toxins against aedes aegypti larvae. in fact, the strain bns3phtcyt1a98 exhibited a larvicidal activity of about 849-fold of that of bns3phtblue against a. aegypti. the molecular and biochemical characterizations, of c ... | 2019 | 30391590 |
| the spread of mosquito-borne viruses in modern times: a spatio-temporal analysis of dengue and chikungunya. | since the 1970s, mosquito-borne pathogens have spread to previously disease-free areas, as well as causing increased illness in endemic areas. in particular, dengue and chikungunya viruses, transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti and secondarily by aedes albopictus mosquitoes, represent a threat for up to a third of the world population, and are a growing public health concern. in this study, we assess the spatial and temporal factors related to the occurrences of historic dengue and chikungunya ... | 2018 | 30390927 |
| improvement of mosquito identification by maldi-tof ms biotyping using protein signatures from two body parts. | matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology (maldi-tof ms) is an innovative tool that has been shown to be effective for the identification of numerous arthropod groups including mosquitoes. a critical step in the implementation of maldi-tof ms identification is the creation of spectra databases (db) for the species of interest. mosquito legs were the body part most frequently used to create identification db. however, legs are one of the most fragile ... | 2018 | 30390691 |
| toxic activity, molecular modeling and docking simulations of bacillus thuringiensis cry11 toxin variants obtained via dna shuffling. | the cry11 family belongs to a large group of δ-endotoxins that share three distinct structural domains. among the dipteran-active toxins referred to as three-domain cry11 toxins, the cry11aa protein from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) has been the most extensively studied. despite the potential of bti as an effective biological control agent, the understanding of cry11 toxins remains incomplete. in this study, five cry11 variants obtained via dna shuffling displayed toxic activi ... | 2018 | 30386315 |
| toward implementation of mosquito sterile insect technique: the effect of storage conditions on survival of male aedes aegypti mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) during transport. | sterile insect technique (sit) is a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to the use of pesticides for insect pest control. however, implementing sit with aedes aegypti (linnaeus) mosquitoes presents unique challenges. for example, during transport from the rearing facility to the release site and during the actual release in the field, damage to male mosquitoes should be minimized to preserve their reproductive competitiveness. the short flight range of male ae. aegypti requires elabo ... | 2018 | 30383264 |
| a statewide survey of container aedes mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in north carolina, 2016: a multiagency surveillance response to zika using ovitraps. | native and invasive container-inhabiting aedes mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) play important roles in the transmission of endemic and traveler-introduced arboviruses in the united states. in response to the emergence of zika virus into the americas, we surveyed the distribution of container aedes spp. of public health importance within north carolina during 2016 using ovitraps. a seasonal survey was conducted in 18 counties from the mountains to the coast to identify species incriminated in the ... | 2019 | 30380070 |
| isolation and identification of mosquito biting deterrents from the north american mosquito repelling folk remedy plant, matricaria discoidea dc. | matricaria discoidea dc. (asteraceae) has documented use as an insect repellent by blackfoot indians and other indigenous groups of north america. this investigation was conducted to evaluate this practice and systematically identify chemical constituents responsible for any insect repelling effect by utilizing a mosquito (aedes aegypti (linnaeus)) biting deterrent bioactivity-directed purification approach. hydrodistilled oil from dried aerial parts of m. discoidea was the most bioactive crude ... | 2018 | 30379955 |
| control of dengue virus in the midgut of aedes aegypti by ectopic expression of the dsrna-binding protein loqs2. | dengue virus (denv) is an arbovirus transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes1. in the insect vector, the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway is an important antiviral mechanism against denv2-5. however, it remains unclear when and where the sirna pathway acts during the virus cycle. here, we show that the sirna pathway fails to efficiently silence denv in the midgut of aedes aegypti although it is essential to restrict systemic replication. accumulation of denv-derived sirnas in the midgut re ... | 2018 | 30374169 |
| new sulphated flavonoids and larvicidal activity of helicteres velutina k. schum (sterculiaceae). | helicteres velutina k. schum (sterculiaceae), commonly known in brazil as 'pitó', is traditionally used by indigenous peoples as insecticides and repellents. the present work reports on the the phytoconstituents from aerial parts of h. velutina and evaluation of the larvicidal potential of its extract. the compounds were isolated using chromatographic techniques and identified by nmr, ir and lc-hrms. this study led to the isolation of a fatty acid, one aliphatic alcohol, four chlorophyll derivat ... | 2018 | 30373225 |
| wing morphometric variability in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from different urban built environments. | aedes aegypti is the main vector of the dengue, zika and several other arboviruses. it is highly adapted to urbanized environments and can be found worldwide. mosquito population control is considered the best strategy for fighting mosquito-borne diseases, making an understanding of their population dynamics vital for the development of more effective vector control programs. this study therefore sought to investigate how different levels of urbanization affect aedes aegypti populations and modu ... | 2018 | 30367678 |
| generation of axenic aedes aegypti demonstrate live bacteria are not required for mosquito development. | the mosquito gut microbiome plays an important role in mosquito development and fitness, providing a promising avenue for novel mosquito control strategies. here we present a method for rearing axenic (bacteria free) aedes aegypti mosquitoes, consisting of feeding sterilized larvae on agar plugs containing a high concentration of liver and yeast extract. this approach allows for the complete development to adulthood while maintaining sterility; however, axenic mosquito's exhibit delayed developm ... | 2018 | 30367055 |
| odor-specific daily rhythms in the olfactory sensitivity and behavior of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | many biological processes and behaviors in mosquitoes display rhythmic patterns, allowing for fine tuning to cyclic environmental conditions. in mosquitoes, vector-host interactions are primarily mediated by olfactory signals. previous studies have established that, in the malaria vector anopheles gambiae, rhythmic expression of odorant binding proteins and takeout proteins in the antenna resulted in a corresponding rhythm in olfactory sensitivity to relevant host odors. however, it remained unc ... | 2018 | 30360532 |
| salivary gland extract from aedes aegypti improves survival in murine polymicrobial sepsis through oxidative mechanisms. | sepsis is a systemic disease with life-threatening potential and is characterized by a dysregulated immune response from the host to an infection. the organic dysfunction in sepsis is associated with the production of inflammatory cascades and oxidative stress. previous studies showed that aedes aegypti saliva has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. considering inflammation and the role of oxidative stress in sepsis, we investigated the effect of pretreatment with sa ... | 2018 | 30360497 |
| host blood-meal source has a strong impact on gut microbiota of aedes aegypti. | gut microbial communities of mosquitoes can influence vector susceptibility to pathogens, yet the factors that govern their composition remain poorly understood. we investigated the impact of host blood-meal source on gut microbiota of aedes aegypti l. adult mosquitoes were fed on human, rabbit or chicken blood and their gut microbiota compared to those of sugar-fed and newly emerged adults. microbial diversity was significantly reduced in blood-fed and sugar-fed mosquitoes but was restored to t ... | 2019 | 30357406 |
| quantification of permethrin resistance and kdr alleles in florida strains of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse). | recent outbreaks of locally transmitted dengue and zika viruses in florida have placed more emphasis on integrated vector management plans for aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus skuse. adulticiding, primarily with pyrethroids, is often employed for the immediate control of potentially arbovirus-infected mosquitoes during outbreak situations. while pyrethroid resistance is common in ae. aegypti worldwide and testing is recommended by cdc and who, resistance to this class of products has not ... | 2018 | 30356237 |
| an unusual occurrence of stromal keratitis in dengue fever. | dengue is a mosquito-borne infection endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. classic dengue fever is a self-limiting, influenza-like illness transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquito. ophthalmic manifestations though rare can involve both the anterior and posterior segments and are usually associated with the thrombocytopenic state. however, ophthalmic complications such as anterior uveitis and vasculitis suggest immune-mediated pathogenesis. herein, we report a rare case of st ... | 2018 | 30355887 |
| validation of serum aminotransferases levels to define severe dengue fever in children. | we aimed to study the pattern of liver-injury in children with dengue fever (df) and validate serum aminotransferase ≥1,000 iu/l as a marker of severe df. | 2018 | 30345242 |
| the sequence of a male-specific genome region containing the sex determination switch in aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is the principal vector of several important arboviruses. among the methods of vector control to limit transmission of disease are genetic strategies that involve the release of sterile or genetically modified non-biting males, which has generated interest in manipulating mosquito sex ratios. sex determination in ae. aegypti is controlled by a non-recombining y chromosome-like region called the m locus, yet characterisation of this locus has been thwarted by the repetitive nature o ... | 2018 | 30342535 |
| ultrastructural analysis of chikungunya virus dissemination from the midgut of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the transmission cycle of chikungunya virus (chikv) requires that mosquito vectors get persistently infected with the virus, following its oral acqsuisition from a vertebrate host. the mosquito midgut is the initial organ that gets infected with orally acquired chikv. following its replication in the midgut epithelium, the virus exits the midgut and infects secondary tissues including the salivary glands before being transmitted to another host. here, we investigate the pattern of chikv dissemin ... | 2018 | 30340365 |
| the transcriptional response of aedes aegypti with variable extrinsic incubation periods for dengue virus. | dengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral disease globally. dengue virus is transmitted primarily by the aedes aegypti mosquito. one measure of the mosquito's efficiency as a vector is the extrinsic incubation period (eip), which is the time between the ingestion of viremic blood and the emergence of virions in the saliva. the longer it takes virus to infect the midgut and traverse to the saliva, the fewer opportunities the mosquito will have to transmit the pathogen over its lifetime. we hav ... | 2018 | 30335126 |
| walter reed at camp lazear: a paradigm for contemporary clinical research. | throughout the time of the early settlement and development of north america, there were frequent epidemics of yellow fever. it is thought that ships transporting captured africans likely conveyed both major vectors, the aedes aegypti mosquito and the rna yellow fever virus from africa to north america. infected ships landing in port cities resulted in epidemics that proved impossible to control with conventional interventions. walter reed and the u.s. army commission solved the mystery of the m ... | 2019 | 30327122 |
| development of an urban molecular xenomonitoring system for lymphatic filariasis in the recife metropolitan region, brazil. | molecular xenomonitoring (mx)-pathogen detection in the mosquito rather than human-is a promising tool for lymphatic filariasis (lf) surveillance. in the recife metropolitan region (rmr), the last lf focus in brazil, culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes have been implicated in transmitting wuchereria bancrofti parasites. this paper presents findings on the ideal mosquito collection method, mosquito dispersion, w. bancrofti infection in mosquitoes and w. bancrofti antigen in humans to aid mx develop ... | 2018 | 30325933 |