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high infestation of invasive aedes mosquitoes in used tires along the local transport network of panama.the long-distance dispersal of the invasive disease vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus has introduced arthropod-borne viruses into new geographical regions, causing a significant medical and economic burden. the used-tire industry is an effective means of aedes dispersal, yet studies to determine aedes occurrence and the factors influencing their distribution along local transport networks are lacking. to assess infestation along the primary transport network of panama we documented all ...201931133041
the sulcatone receptor of the strict nectar-feeding mosquito toxorhynchites amboinensis.controlling ae. aegypti populations and the prevention of mosquito bites includes the development of monitoring, repelling and attract-and-kill strategies that are based on understanding the chemical ecology of these pests. olfactory-mediated attraction to mammals has recently been linked to the mosquito aedes aegypti odorant receptor or4, which is activated by animal-released 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (sulcatone). this odorant is also a major component of flower scents and may play a role outside ...201931129164
a genomic approach to inferring kinship reveals limited intergenerational dispersal in the yellow fever mosquito.understanding past dispersal and breeding events can provide insight into ecology and evolution and can help inform strategies for conservation and the control of pest species. however, parent-offspring dispersal can be difficult to investigate in rare species and in small pest species such as mosquitoes. here, we develop a methodology for estimating parent-offspring dispersal from the spatial distribution of close kin, using pairwise kinship estimates derived from genome-wide single nucleotide ...201931125998
adaptation to temperate climates: evidence of photoperiod-induced embryonic dormancy in aedes aegypti in south america.dormancy is a developmental arrest in arthropods, in response to unfavorable conditions in temporally varying environments. in aedes aegypti, the supposed inability of eggs to inhibit hatching has been used to explain the restriction of this species to tropical and subtropical regions. however, the geographic range of ae. aegypti is constantly expanding towards temperate regions. thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the ability of ae. aegypti individuals from a temperate region (buen ...202031125550
geometric morphometric analysis of the effect of temperature on wing size and shape in aedes albopictus.wing geometry helps to identify mosquito species, even cryptic ones. on the other hand, temperature has a well-known effect on insect metric properties. can such effects blur the taxonomic signal embedded in the wing? two strains of aedes albopictus (laboratory and field strain) were examined under three different rearing temperatures (26, 30 and 33 °c) using landmark- and outline-based morphometric approaches. the wings of each experimental line were compared with aedes aegypti. both approaches ...201931125148
new records of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in eight texas counties, u.s.a. 201931124239
spatial repellency and other effects of transfluthrin and linalool on aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus.in the present study, the effects of two spatial repellents (sr) were determined for aedes aegypti and ae albopictus, the main vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and zika fever. the modular high-throughput screening system (hitss) was used to evaluate the response of both species to transfluthrin and linalool sr at different concentrations. the highest spatial repellency results for ae. aegypti were obtained by transfluthrin to 0.001% with 37.50 ± 4.33%, and for linalool to 10% with 77.50 ± 3.90%. ...201931124222
diet drugs trick mosquitoes into feeling full.after a bloodmeal, aedesaegypti mosquitoes lose interest in bloodfeeding. duvall et al. (cell 2019;176:687-701) determined that the neuropeptide y (npy)-like receptor 7 (npylr7) controls mosquito satiety and also identified six npylr7 drug targets that suppress biting. this work highlights an innovative approach in vector control linking insect behavior to drug discovery.201931122765
excito-repellent activity of β-caryophyllene oxide against aedes aegypti and anopheles minimus.contact irritant and non-contact repellent activities of β-caryophyllene oxide were evaluated against laboratory strains of female aedes aegypti (usda strain), a major arbovirus vector and anopheles minimus (ku strain), a major malaria parasite vector, compared with the synthetic repellent deet, using an excito-repellency test system. β-caryophyllene oxide and deet were tested at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0% (v/v). anopheles minimus was found to be more sensitive to β-caryophyllene ...201931121148
identification of molecular determinants of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations in california, usa.the first breeding populations of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) were identified in california in 2013, and have since been detected in 13 counties. recent studies suggest two introductions likely occurred, with genetically distinct populations in the central and southern regions of the state. given the threat of dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus transmission, it is imperative to understand if these populations harbor genes that could confer resistance to pyrethrin-based insecticides, known as pyret ...201931121042
uncertainty analysis of species distribution models.the maximum entropy model, a commonly used species distribution model (sdm) normally combines observations of the species occurrence with environmental information to predict the geographic distributions of animal or plant species. however, it only produces point estimates for the probability of species existence. to understand the uncertainty of the point estimates, we analytically derived the variance of the outputs of the maximum entropy model from the variance of the input. we applied the an ...201931120909
insecticide resistance levels and mechanisms in aedes aegypti populations in and around ouagadougou, burkina faso.recent outbreaks of dengue and other aedes aegypti-borne arboviruses highlight the importance of a rapid response for effective vector control. data on insecticide resistance and underlying mechanisms are essential for outbreak preparedness, but are sparse in much of africa. we investigated the levels and heterogeneity of insecticide resistance and mechanisms of ae. aegypti from contrasting settings within and around ouagadougou, burkina faso.201931120874
topological qsar modelling of carboxamides repellent activity to aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti vector control is of paramount importance owing to the damages induced by the various severe diseases that these insects may transmit, and the increasing risk of important outbreaks of these pathologies. search for new chemicals efficient against aedes aegypti, and devoid of side-effects, which have been associated to the currently most used active substance i. e. n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet), is therefore an important issue. in this context, we developed various quantitative str ...201931120598
entomological efficacy of aerial ultra-low volume insecticide applications against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in mexico.a cluster-randomized controlled trial quantified the entomological efficacy of aerial ultra-low volume (aulv) applications of the insecticide chlorpyrifos against aedes aegypti in puerto vallarta, méxico, during november-october 2017. the trial involved 16 large (1 × 1 km) clusters distributed between treatment-control arms. primary endpoint was the abundance of ae. aegypti indoors (total adults, females, and blood-fed females) collected using prokopack aspirators. after four consecutive weekly ...201931120502
wolbachia strain walba blocks zika virus transmission in aedes aegypti.transinfections of the maternally transmitted endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis can reduce rna virus replication and prevent transmission by aedes aegypti, and also have the capacity to invade wild-type populations, potentially reaching and maintaining high infection frequencies. levels of virus transmission blocking are positively correlated with wolbachia intracellular density. despite reaching high densities in ae. aegypti, transinfections of walba, a strain native to aedes albopictus, showed ...201931120156
larvicidal activity of hypoestes forskaolii (vahl) r. br root extracts against anopheles gambiae giless.s, aedes aegypti l, and culex quinquefasciatussay.aim: this study aimed to evaluate larvicidal activity of hypoestes forskaolii r. br root extract against 3rd instar anopheles gambiae, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus. methods: a protocol developed by the world health organization was adopted, with minor modification using chloroform and methanol extracts with concentrations ranging from 25-750 µg/ml. results: the h. forskaolii chloroform extract exhibited very high larvicidal activity after 72 hours of exposure, with lc50 2.0322, 3.89 ...201931118834
characterization of a broad-based mosquito yeast interfering rna larvicide with a conserved target site in mosquito semaphorin-1a genes.rna interference (rnai), which has facilitated functional characterization of mosquito neural development genes such as the axon guidance regulator semaphorin-1a (sema1a), could one day be applied as a new means of vector control. saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) may represent an effective interfering rna expression system that could be used directly for delivery of rna pesticides to mosquito larvae. here we describe characterization of a yeast larvicide developed through bioengineering ...201931118082
[experiences, barriers and facilitators to the implementation of interventions for controlling aedes aegypti in latin america and the caribbean: a qualitative study].this study sought to describe experiences, barriers and facilitators to the implementation of interventions for controlling aedes aegypti in latin america and the caribbean. a qualitative approach with semi-structured in-depth interviews with program implementation experts (19 participants in nine countries) was carried out. we used a software to codify the data and created matrices to compare them. based on our findings, we developed a graphic representation of the theoretical dimensions that e ...201931116251
aedes mosquito infestation in socioeconomically contrasting neighborhoods of panama city.the global expansion and proliferation of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus represents a growing public health threat due to their capacity to transmit a variety of arboviruses to humans, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika. particularly important in urban regions, where these species have evolved to breed in man-made containers and feed nearly exclusively on human hosts, the threat of vector-borne disease has risen in recent decades due to the growth of cities, progression of climate chang ...201931114946
estimating absolute indoor density of aedes aegypti using removal sampling.quantification of adult aedes aegypti abundance indoors has relied on estimates of relative density (e.g. number of adults per unit of sampling or time), most commonly using traps or timed collections using aspirators. the lack of estimates of the sensitivity of collections and lack of a numerical association between relative and the absolute density of adult ae. aegypti represent a significant gap in vector surveillance. here, we describe the use of sequential removal sampling to estimate absol ...201931113454
use of mosquito repellents to protect against zika virus infection among pregnant women in brazil.to evaluate the use of repellents among pregnant women as a protective measure against infection with the zika virus.201931112836
predicting aquatic development and mortality rates of aedes aegypti.mosquito-borne pathogens continue to be a significant burden within human populations, with aedes aegypti continuing to spread dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus throughout the world. using data from a previously conducted study, a linear regression model was constructed to predict the aquatic development rates based on the average temperature, temperature fluctuation range, and larval density. additional experiments were conducted with different parameters of average temperature and larval den ...201931112566
the ion channel ppk301 controls freshwater egg-laying in the mosquito aedes aegypti.female aedes aegypti mosquitoes are deadly vectors of arboviral pathogens and breed in containers of freshwater associated with human habitation. because high salinity is lethal to offspring, correctly evaluating water purity is a crucial parenting decision. we found that the deg/enac channel ppk301 and sensory neurons expressing ppk301 control egg-laying initiation and choice in ae. aegypti. using calcium imaging, we found that ppk301-expressing cells show ppk301-dependent responses to water bu ...201931112133
juvenile hormone signaling in insect oogenesis.juvenile hormone (jh) plays a crucial role in insect reproduction, but its molecular mode of action only became clear within the last decade. we here review recent findings revealing the intricate crosstalk between jh and ecdysone signaling with nutrient sensing pathways in drosophila melanogaster, aedes aegypti, tribolium castaneum and locusta migratoria. the finding for a critical role of ecdysis triggering hormone (eth) in both molting and ooogenesis now also highlights the importance of an i ...201931109672
transmission potential of african, asian and american zika virus strains by aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus from guadeloupe (french west indies).zika virus (zikv) is an arbovirus that has dramatically spread in south america and the caribbean regions since 2015. the majority of vector incrimination studies available for zikv showed that aedes aegypti mosquitoes are important vectors for this virus. however, several reports suggest that culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes may be implicated in zikv transmission in certain urban settings. in the present study, we evaluated the vector competence for zikv of cx. quinquefasciatus and ae. aegypti ...201931109248
pathogen blocking in wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti is not affected by zika and dengue virus co-infection.wolbachia's ability to restrict arbovirus transmission makes it a promising tool to combat mosquito-transmitted diseases. wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti are currently being released in locations such as brazil, which regularly experience concurrent outbreaks of different arboviruses. a. aegypti can become co-infected with, and transmit multiple arboviruses with one bite, which can complicate patient diagnosis and treatment.201931107912
tire shops in miami-dade county, florida are important producers of vector mosquitoes.human mobility in urban environments is a central part of urbanization and has determined the layout of how cities are projected, built and renovated. one of the most problematic issues of urbanization is how to properly dispose of used tires, considering the worldwide annual production of approximately 1.4 billion units every year. despite the efforts to properly dispose of used tires, they still represent a major problem for public health, notably serving as potential breeding sites for vector ...201931107881
characterization of a yeast interfering rna larvicide with a target site conserved in the synaptotagmin gene of multiple disease vector mosquitoes.new mosquito control strategies are vitally needed to address established and emerging arthropod-borne infectious diseases. here we describe the characterization of a yeast interfering rna larvicide that was developed through the genetic engineering of saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) to express a short hairpin rna targeting the aedes aegypti synaptotagmin (aae syt) gene. the larvicide effectively silences the aae syt gene, causes defects at the larval neural synapse, and induces high ra ...201931107878
[the recent epidemic spread of zika virus disease].zika virus (zikv) is one of the members of the spondweni serocomplex within the genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae. the virus was first isolated from a serum specimen from a sentinel non-human primate in the zika forest of uganda in 1947. zikv is transmitted by aedes aegypti and a. albopictus in an urban cycle and maintained in a sylvatic cycle between aedes mosquitoes and monkeys in africa and asia. initially, the virus was thought to cause only mild and nonspecific clinical symptoms i ...201831105130
neurological manifestations of pediatric arboviral infections in the americas.dengue, zika, chikungunya and yellow fever viruses are arboviruses transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. these viruses exhibit marked neurotropism but have rarely been studied. here, we conduct an integrative review of the neurological manifestations caused by these arboviruses in the pediatric population. data on patients under 18 years of age were extracted from literature databases. the most frequently reported neurological manifestations were encephalitis, meningitis, seizures, hypotoni ...201931103802
induction of rna interference to block zika virus replication and transmission in the mosquito aedes aegypti.the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, serves as the primary vector for epidemic transmission of yellow fever, dengue, zika (zikv), and chikungunya viruses to humans. control of ae. aegypti is currently limited to insecticide applications and larval habitat management; however, to combat growing challenges with insecticide resistance, novel genetic approaches for vector population reduction or transmission interruption are being aggressively pursued. the objectives of this study were to asses ...201931103782
plant essential oils synergize various pyrethroid insecticides and antagonize malathion in aedes aegypti.pyrethroid resistance is a significant threat to agricultural, urban and public health pest control activities. because economic incentives for the production of novel active ingredients for the control of public health pests are lacking, this field is particularly affected by the potential failure of pyrethroid-based insecticides brought about by increasing pyrethroid resistance. as a result, innovative approaches are desperately needed to overcome insecticide resistance, particularly in mosqui ...201931102301
prevalence and distribution of dengue virus in aedes aegypti in yogyakarta city before deployment of wolbachia infected aedes aegypti.indonesia is one of the countries where dengue infection is prevalent. in this study we measure the prevalence and distribution of dengue virus (denv) denv-infected aedes aegypti in yogyakarta city, indonesia, during the wet season when high dengue transmission period occurred, as baseline data before implementation of a wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti trial for dengue control. we applied one-step multiplex real time pcr (rt-pcr) for the type-specific-detection of dengue viruses in field-caught ...201931100967
aedes aegypti saliva impairs m1-associated proinflammatory phenotype without promoting or affecting m2 polarization of murine macrophages.during the feeding process, the mouthparts of hematophagous mosquitoes break the skin barrier and probe the host tissue to find the blood. the saliva inoculated in this microenvironment modulates host hemostasis, inflammation and adaptive immune responses. however, the mechanisms involved in these biological activities remain poorly understood and few studies explored the potential roles of mosquito saliva on the individual cellular components of the immune system. here, we report the immunomodu ...201931097013
enzymatic and molecular characterization of insecticide resistance mechanisms in field populations of aedes aegypti from selangor, malaysia.dengue is a serious public health problem worldwide, including in selangor, malaysia. being an important vector of dengue virus, aedes aegypti are subjected to control measures which rely heavily on the usage of insecticides. evidently, insecticide resistance in ae. aegypti, which arise from several different point mutations within the voltage-gated sodium channel genes, has been documented in many countries. thus, this robust study was conducted in all nine districts of selangor to understand t ...201931097010
re-emergence of chikungunya in the republic of the congo in 2019 associated with a possible vector-host switch.in january 2019, an outbreak of chikungunya virus fever was reported in a rural region near pointe-noire, republic of the congo. molecular and phylogenetic analysis of this new chikv strain demonstrated the presence of the a226v substitution and a surprisingly close relation with aedes aegypti-associated central africa chikungunya strains. these results, combined with the preponderance of aedes albopictus in the outbreak area, suggest a recent vector-host switch facilitated by the emergence and ...201931096054
[coinfection of dengue and chikungunya viruses. narrative review].dengue and chikungunya viruses are transmitted by the female aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas, facilitating coinfection.201931095186
[communication for arboviral disease prevention: tailoring paho initiatives to the cuban contextcomunicação para prevenção de arboviroses: adequação das iniciativas da opas ao contexto cubano].the purpose of this paper is to describe the opportunities and challenges of training processes in the coordination of regional and national communication initiatives for arboviral disease prevention, using the lessons learned in the cuban context as an example. in february 2016 and december 2017, professional staff from the pedro kourí institute of tropical medicine attended workshops for strengthening communication capacities for arboviral disease prevention in primary health care settings thr ...201831093174
the efficiency of a new automated mosquito larval counter and its impact on larval survival.to achieve consistent and standardized rearing for mosquito immature stages, it is crucial to control the initial number of larvae present in each larval tray. in addition, maintaining an optimal and synchronized development rate of larvae is essential to maximize the pupal production and optimize male sorting in a mass-rearing setting. manual counting is labor intensive, time consuming and error prone. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the use of a customized automated counter for the ...201931092868
infection of aedes albopictus mosquito c6/36 cells with the wmelpop strain of wolbachia modulates dengue virus-induced host cellular transcripts and induces critical sequence alterations in the dengue viral genome.dengue virus (denv) causes frequent epidemics infecting ∼390 million people annually in over 100 countries. there are no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs for treatment of infected patients. however, there is a novel approach to control denv transmission by the mosquito vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, using the wolbachia symbiont. the wmelpop strain of wolbachia suppresses denv transmission and shortens the mosquito life span. however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understoo ...201931092581
microencapsulation of citrus grandis peel oil using interfacial precipitation chemistry technique for repellent application.essential oil of citrus family plant is known to have repellent effect against mosquito. unfortunately, due to its high volatility effect, its repellency effect was compromised. the incorporation of essential oil in a microencapsulation formulation has been shown to help improve the stability and potency of the repellent. in this study, citrus grandis peel oil (cgpo) was encapsulated by using the interfacial precipitation chemistry technique. the microencapsulated cgpo was then formulated into l ...201931089355
larvicidal, adulticidal, and oviposition-deterrent activity of piper betle l. essential oil to aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti is a primary vector of many arthropod-borne diseases. one of the diseases, dengue fever, is an endemic disease in indonesia causing high mortalities for decades. there are no preventive and specific treatments for dengue so far. therefore, prevention of this disease largely depends on the mosquito control. since resistance to chemical insecticides occurred worldwide, the study on alternate and new mosquito insecticides are mandatory. this study aimed to demonstrate the effect of es ...201931089304
efficacy of the in2care® auto-dissemination device for reducing dengue transmission: study protocol for a parallel, two-armed cluster randomised trial in the philippines.mosquito-borne viruses are imposing an ever increasing health burden worldwide. in addition to the recent zika and chikungunya virus epidemics, dengue viruses have become the fastest growing problem with a 40-fold increase in the number of reported cases over the past five decades. current mosquito control techniques involving larval source reduction, larviciding, and space spray of adulticides are costly, laborious, and of debatable efficacy. there remains an urgent need for the development of ...201931088515
molecular basis for arbovirus transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes.mosquitoes are considered the most important vectors for the transmission of pathogens to humans. aedes aegypti is a unique species, not only by its highly anthropophilic and peridomestic habits but also because it can transmit an important variety of pathogenic viruses. examples are dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, zika, and mayaro viruses. after ingesting viremic blood, a wide range of mechanisms are activated in the mosquito to counteract viral infection. nevertheless, these arboviruses pos ...201831082816
zika virus detection, isolation and genome sequencing through culicidae sampling during the epidemic in vitória, espírito santo, brazil.zika virus (zikv) has been isolated from many mosquito species in nature, but it is believed that the main vectors in urban environments are species of the genus aedes. here, we detected and isolated zikv in samples from aedes aegypti, aedes taeniorhynchus and culex quinquefasciatus, collected during the zika epidemic in vitória, southeast brazil. using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, zikv detection was performed in mosquito samples collected from february to april 2016.201931068218
determination of the spatial susceptibility to yellow fever using a multicriteria analysis.the outbreak of sylvatic yellow fever (syf) in humans during 2016-2017 in brazil is one of the greatest in the history of the disease. the occurrence of the disease in areas with low vaccination coverage favoured the dissemination of the disease; therefore, it is necessary to identify the areas vulnerability to the yf virus (yfv) to assist in the adoption of preventive measures.201931066755
embryonic development and egg viability of wmel-infected aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti is a major disease vector in urban habitats, involved in the transmission of dengue, chikungunya and zika. despite innumerous attempts to contain disease outbreaks, there are neither efficient vaccines nor definite vector control methods nowadays. in recent years, an innovative strategy to control arboviruses, which exploits the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis, emerged with great expectations. the success of the method depends on many aspects, including wolbachia's cyto ...201931060581
arboviral screening of invasive aedes species in northeastern turkey: west nile virus circulation and detection of insect-only viruses.the recent reports of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus populations in turkey, in parallel with the territorial expansion identified in several surrounding countries, have raised concerns about the establishment and re-establishment of these invasive aedes mosquitoes in turkey. this cross-sectional study was performed to detect aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus in regions of recent incursions, and screen for viral pathogens known to be transmitted elsewhere by these species.201931059502
dengue virus: a review on advances in detection and trends - from conventional methods to novel biosensors.dengue virus is an important arbovirus infection which transmitted by the aedes female mosquitoes. the attempt to control and early detection of this infection is a global public health issue at present. because of the clinical importance of its detection, the main focus of this review is on all of the methods that can offer the new diagnosis strategies. the advantages and disadvantages of reported methods have been discussed comprehensively from different aspects like biomarkers type, sensitivi ...201931055654
evidence for infection but not transmission of zika virus by aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) from spain.a number of mosquito-borne viruses such as dengue virus (denv), usutu virus (usuv), west nile virus (wnv) are autochthonously transmitted in europe and six invasive mosquito species have been detected in this temperate region. this has increased the risk for the emergence of further mosquito-borne diseases. however, there is a paucity of information on whether european populations of invasive mosquito species are competent to transmit arboviruses. in this study, the susceptibility of aedes albop ...201931053164
an evaluation of efficacy of the auto-dissemination technique as a tool for aedes aegypti control in madeira, portugal.the frequency and intensity of arboviral epidemics is steadily increasing and posing an intractable public health burden. current vector control methods are proving ineffectual and despite progress in the development of high technology approaches, there is an urgent need for the development of tools for immediate implementation. several studies suggest that the auto-dissemination of pyriproxyfen (ppf) is a promising new approach to larviciding although there is little detail on the conditions un ...201931053095
a facile and rapid method for green synthesis of achyranthes aspera stem extract-mediated silver nano-composites with cidal potential against aedes aegypti l.aedes aegypti l. is the primary vector associated with transmission of globally concerned diseases; zika, yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya. present study investigates an efficient, alternative and comparative approach for mosquito control which is safe to environment and non-target organisms. the silver nano-composites (agncs) were synthesized from the aqueous stem extract of achyranthes aspera (aase) using different concentration of aqueous silver nitrate (agno3). the synthesis was tracked ...201931048994
voltages and resistances of the anterior malpighian tubule of drosophila melanogaster.the small size of malpighian tubules in the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster has discouraged measurements of the transepithelial electrical resistance. the present study introduces two methods for measuring the transepithelial resistance in isolated d. melanogaster malpighian tubules using conventional microelectrodes and pclamp hardware and software. the first method uses three microelectrodes to measure the specific transepithelial resistance normalized to tubule length or luminal surface are ...201931043456
similar neural pathways control foraging in mosquitoes and worms.female aedes aegypti mosquitoes bite human hosts to obtain a blood meal and, in the process, act as vectors for many disease-causing viruses, including the dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and zika viruses. after a complete meal, the female mosquitoes lose attraction to their hosts for several days. new research shows that pharmacological activation of neuropeptide y-like receptor (npylr) signaling elicits host aversion in female mosquitoes. this behavior of mosquitoes shows remarkable similar ...201931040241
resistance to temephos and deltamethrin in aedes aegypti from brazil between 1985 and 2017.aedes aegypti populations in brazil have been subjected to insecticide selection pressures with variable levels and sources since 1967. therefore, the brazilian ministry of health (moh) coordinated the activities of an ae. aegypti insecticide resistance monitoring network (morenaa) from 1999 to 2012.201931038548
using the basic reproduction number to assess the risk of transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by biting insects.in recent years, lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) has emerged as a major threat to cattle outside africa, where it is endemic. although evidence suggests that lsdv is transmitted by the bites of blood sucking arthropods, few studies have assessed the risk of transmission posed by particular vector species. here this risk is assessed by calculating the basic reproduction number (r0 ) for transmission of lsdv by five species of biting insect: the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, the biting midge, c ...201931038286
aedes aegypti. 201931036346
exploring deeper genetic structures: aedes aegypti in brazil.aedes aegypti, being the principal vector of dengue (denv1 to 4), chikungunya and zika viruses, is considered as one of the most important mosquito vectors. in brazil, despite regular vector control programs, ae. aegypti still persists with high urban density in all the states. this study aimed to estimate the intra and inter population genetic diversity and genetic structure among 15 brazilian populations of ae. aegypti based on 12 microsatellite loci. a total of 510 specimens were analyzed com ...201931034798
distribution and relative densities of aedes aegypti in niger.its climate and environmental conditions put niger at particularly high risk of the spread of aedes mosquitoes, which can transmit arboviruses. in september 2016, the republic of niger reported its first outbreak of rift valley fever (rvf) in the northern region of tahoua, near the mali border, particularly in the departments of tchintabaraden, tassara, and abalak. the history of rvf has showed that epidemics and epizootics have a considerable socioeconomic impact in affected countries, such as ...201931031247
aedes aegypti mosquitoes use their legs to sense deet on contact.deet (n, n-diethyl-meta-toluamide) is the most effective and widely used insect repellent, but its mechanism of action is both complex and controversial [1]. deet acts on insect smell [2-6] and taste [7-11], and its olfactory mode of action requires the odorant co-receptor orco [2, 3, 6]. we previously observed that orco mutant female aedes aegypti mosquitoes are strongly attracted to humans even in the presence of deet, but they are rapidly repelled after contacting deet-treated skin [6]. deet ...201931031114
resistance status to deltamethrin, permethrin, and temephos along with preliminary resistance mechanism in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from punjab, pakistan.the use of insecticides such as deltamethrin, permethrin, and temephos has been a primary tool to manage aedes aegypti (linnaeus) in punjab province, pakistan; however, recent reports of control failure necessitate monitoring insecticide resistance. for this reason, we evaluated 12 field strains of ae. aegypti from punjab for resistance against deltamethrin, permethrin, and temephos along with underlying resistance mechanisms. for deltamethrin, high level of resistance was observed in rawalpindi ...201931028391
association of age, sex, and pyrethroid resistance status on survival and cytochrome p450 gene expression in aedes aegypti (l.).aedes aegypti is a vector of viruses that negatively impact human health. insecticide resistance complicates mosquito control efforts, but understanding the mechanisms of resistance can help to improve management practices. this study examined different factors that could influence the interpretation of toxicity bioassays and gene expression studies in a. aegypti, including sex and age, in the context of resistance to pyrethroids. bioassays using a pyrethroid-resistant strain, puerto rico (pr), ...201931027587
"armed to the teeth": the multiple ways to survive insecticidal and predatory challenges in aedes aegypti larvae.environmental pollutants, such as insecticides, can alter the equilibrium of aquatic ecosystems, particularly those closely located to human occupations. the use of such anthropogenic compounds frequently results in the selection of resistant individuals. however, how the underlying insecticide resistance mechanisms interplay with the abilities of the resistant individuals to cope with other environmental challenges (e.g., predators) has not received adequate attention. here, we evaluated whethe ...201931027585
aedes-chikungunya virus interaction: key role of vector midguts microbiota and its saliva in the host infection.aedes mosquitoes are important vectors for emerging diseases caused by arboviruses, such as chikungunya (chikv). these viruses' main transmitting species are aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus, which are present in tropical and temperate climatic areas all over the globe. knowledge of vector characteristics is fundamentally important to the understanding of virus transmission. only female mosquitoes are able to transmit chikv to the vertebrate host since they are hematophagous. in addition, mosqui ...201931024463
microorganism-based larval diets affect mosquito development, size and nutritional reserves in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).mosquito larvae feed on organic detritus from the environment, particularly microorganisms comprising bacteria, protozoa, and algae as well as crustaceans, plant debris, and insect exuviae. little attention has been paid to nutritional studies in aedes aegypti larvae.201931024326
cell death induced by α-terthienyl via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the midgut of aedes aegypti larvae.α-terthienyl (α-t) is a photosensitizer that produces many reactive oxygen species (ros) under ultraviolet light. here, we aimed to evaluate the oxidation mechanism of the 25%, 50%, and 75% lethal concentrations in aedes aegypti larvae; the lethal concentration of α-t was used as the test value. the effects on mitochondria, oxidative stress, and cell death patterns caused by ros were evaluated. the results showed that α-t mainly produced large amounts of ros in the midgut of larvae. moreover, mi ...201931022448
life on the margin: rainwater tanks facilitate overwintering of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti, in a sub-tropical climate.a key determinant of insect persistence in marginal habitats is the ability to tolerate environmental extremes such as temperature. aedes aegypti is highly invasive and little is known about the physiological sensitivity of the species to fluctuating temperature regimes at the lower critical threshold for development. a temperature that may limit the establishment and persistence of the species in sub-optimal regions. daily winter temperatures were measured in common australian larval habitats, ...201931022231
application of a targeted-enrichment methodology for full-genome sequencing of dengue 1-4, chikungunya and zika viruses directly from patient samples.the frequency of epidemics caused by dengue viruses 1-4, zika virus and chikungunya viruses have been on an upward trend in recent years driven primarily by uncontrolled urbanization, mobility of human populations and geographical spread of their shared vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. infections by these viruses present with similar clinical manifestations making them challenging to diagnose; this is especially difficult in regions of the world hyperendemic for these viruses. in thi ...201931022183
dengue virus reduces expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 to facilitate replication in aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti is the primary vector of a number of viruses pathogenic to humans including dengue virus (denv). denv infection leads to widespread transcriptomic and proteomic alterations in mosquito cells. here we identified alterations to the mosquito cell secretome during denv infection by performing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. we found that an extracellular fragment of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (lrp-1) was present during infection. previous literat ...201931015516
eutrophication governs predator-prey interactions and temperature effects in aedes aegypti populations.mosquito population dynamics are driven by large-scale (e.g. climatological) and small-scale (e.g. ecological) factors. while these factors are known to independently influence mosquito populations, it remains uncertain how drivers that simultaneously operate under natural conditions interact to influence mosquito populations. we, therefore, developed a well-controlled outdoor experiment to assess the interactive effects of two ecological drivers, predation and nutrient availability, on mosquito ...201931014388
localized control of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in miami, fl, via inundative releases of wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes.as part of the response to autochthonous zika transmission in the united states, the city of south miami implemented a 6-mo period in which wolbachia-infected wb1 aedes aegypti (l.) males were released into an ~170-acre area. intracellular wolbachia bacteria infections in ae. aegypti cause early embryonic arrest (known as cytoplasmic incompatibility [ci]) and egg hatch failure, and inundative introductions have been suggested as a potential control tool. throughout the release period, the ae. ae ...201931008514
hierarchical virtual screening of potential insectides inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and juvenile hormone from temephos.aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762; diptera: culicidae) is the main vector transmitting viral diseases such as dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever, urban yellow fever, zika and chikungunya. worldwide, especially in the americas and brazil, many cases of dengue have been reported in recent years, which have shown significant growth. the main control strategy is the elimination of the vector, carried out through various education programs, to change human habits, but the most usual is biological co ...201931003398
loss of cytoplasmic incompatibility in wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti under field conditions.wolbachia bacteria are now being introduced into aedes aegypti mosquito populations for dengue control. when wolbachia infections are at a high frequency, they influence the local transmission of dengue by direct virus blocking as well as deleterious effects on vector mosquito populations. however, the effectiveness of this strategy could be influenced by environmental temperatures that decrease wolbachia density, thereby reducing the ability of wolbachia to invade and persist in the population ...201931002720
incrimination of aedes aegypti for dengue virus serotype-1 in assam, northeast india. 201930997897
larvicidal activity of ricinus communis extract against mosquitoes.vector control strategies play significant role in reducing the transmission of malaria, dengue and other vector-borne diseases. the control of vector population using synthetic insecticides has resulted in development of insecticide resistance and negative effects on humans and environment. the present investigation evaluated the larvicidal potential of methanol, dichloromethane and hexane extracts of leaves and seeds of ricinus communis (castor) plant against the early iv instar larvae of the ...201930997888
tunicates as a biocontrol tool for larvicides acute toxicity of zika virus vector aedes aegypti.in this present study, we conducted untargeted metabolic profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) analysis of ascidian didemnum bistratum to assess the chemical constituents by searching in nist library with promising biological properties against anti-bacterial and zika virus vector mosquitocidal properties. metabolites, steroids and fatty acids are abundant in crude compounds of ascidian d. bistratum and showed potential zone growth inhibition against bacterial strains kluy ...201930997309
geographic shifts in aedes aegypti habitat suitability in ecuador using larval surveillance data and ecological niche modeling: implications of climate change for public health vector control.arboviral disease transmission by aedes mosquitoes poses a major challenge to public health systems in ecuador, where constraints on health services and resource allocation call for spatially informed management decisions. employing a unique dataset of larval occurrence records provided by the ecuadorian ministry of health, we used ecological niche models (enms) to estimate the current geographic distribution of aedes aegypti in ecuador, using mosquito presence as a proxy for risk of disease tra ...201930995228
different susceptibilities of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus larvae to plant-derived products.aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are important vectors that transmit arboviruses to human populations.201930994796
workshop for priority-setting in aedes aegypti control interventions in latin america and the caribbean: a policy dialogue.this article presents the results of a dialogue between decision-makers and experts in latin america and the caribbean on priority-setting for interventions and studies on aedes aegypti control. the article is part of a project that included a systematic review of mosquito control strategies and a qualitative study with key informants from the region. using a collective deliberative process assisted by the results of the above-mentioned projects, a list of priorities was developed by consensus f ...201930994739
larvicidal activity of ocimum campechianum, ocotea quixos and piper aduncum essential oils against aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. preventive control efforts have been implemented worldwide aimed at reducing its impact on human health. the recent reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to their negative impact on the environment and human health and the increase in mosquito resistance to insecticides have driven the research communit ...201930994444
downregulation of female doublesex expression by oral-mediated rna interference reduces number and fitness of anopheles gambiae adult females.mosquito-borne diseases affect millions worldwide, with malaria alone killing over 400 thousand people per year and affecting hundreds of millions. to date, the best strategy to prevent the disease remains insecticide-based mosquito control. however, insecticide resistance as well as economic and social factors reduce the effectiveness of the current methodologies. alternative control technologies are in development, including genetic control such as the sterile insect technique (sit). the sit i ...201930992032
gone in 60 seconds: sub-lethal effects of metofluthrin vapors on behavior and fitness of resistant and field strains of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).spatial repellents can reduce fecundity and interrupt oviposition behavior in aedes aegypti. yet, it is unclear if short exposure times, resistant phenotypes, and other aspects of spatial repellents can impact these effects on mosquito reproduction. to address these issues, pyrethroid susceptible, pyrethroid resistant, and field strains of ae. aegypti were used to evaluate the extent to which fecundity and oviposition behavior are affected following metofluthrin exposure. mosquitoes were exposed ...201930989189
prevalence of kdr mutations and insecticide susceptibility among natural population of aedes aegypti in west bengal.aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti are the major vectors of arboviral diseases. as effective vaccines are not available for most of the arboviral diseases, vector control by using insecticides play the key role to reduce the disease transmission. the emergence and spread of resistance to different classes of insecticides by the vectors is a major obstacle to control the disease transmission. information about vector susceptibility to different insecticides and their mechanisms are very important ...201930986273
aedes aegypti hpx8c modulates immune responses against viral infection.mosquitoes act as vectors of numerous pathogens that cause human diseases. dengue virus (denv) transmitted by mosquito, aedes aegypti, is responsible for dengue fever epidemics worldwide with a serious impact on human health. currently, disease control mainly relies on vector targeted intervention strategies. therefore, it is imperative to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the innate immune response of mosquitoes against pathogens. in the present study, the expression profiles of im ...201930986216
target and non-target botanical pesticides effect of trichodesma indicum (linn) r. br. and their chemical derivatives against the dengue vector, aedes aegypti l.the effects of crude ethanol derived leaf extract trichodesma indicum (linn) (ex-ti) and their chief derivatives were accessed on the survival and development of the dengue mosquito ae. aegypti also their non-toxic activity against mosquito predator. t. indicum is recognized to be the vital weed plant and a promising herb in the traditional ayurvedic medicine. in this study, the gc-ms chromatogram of ex-ti showed higher peak area percentage for cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (21.83%) followed by cycl ...201930977009
hsp superfamily of genes in the malaria vector anopheles sinensis: diversity, phylogenetics and association with pyrethroid resistance.heat shock proteins (hsps) are molecular chaperones that are involved in many normal cellular processes and various kinds of environmental stress. there is still no report regarding the diversity and phylogenetics research of hsp superfamily of genes at whole genome level in insects, and the hsp gene association with pyrethroid resistance is also not well known. the present study investigated the diversity, classification, scaffold location, characteristics, and phylogenetics of the superfamily ...201930975215
neem oil increases the persistence of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae for the control of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae.the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae is a candidate for the integrated management of the disease vector mosquito aedes aegypti. metarhizium anisopliae is pathogenic and virulent against ae. aegypti larvae; however, its half-life is short without employing adjuvants. here, we investigated the use of neem oil to increase virulence and persistence of the fungus under laboratory and simulated field conditions.201930975207
a method for assessing mitochondrial physiology using mechanically permeabilized flight muscle of aedes aegypti mosquitoes.aedes aegypti is the most important and widespread vector of arboviruses, including dengue and zika. insect dispersal through the flight activity is a key parameter that determines vector competence, and is energetically driven by oxidative phosphorylation in flight muscle mitochondria. analysis of mitochondrial function is central for a better understanding of cellular metabolism, and is mostly studied using isolated organelles. however, this approach has several challenges and methods for asse ...201930974092
aedes aegypti nest1 protein enhances zika virus pathogenesis by activating neutrophils.saliva from the mosquito vector of flaviviruses is capable of changing the local immune environment, leading to an increase in flavivirus-susceptible cells at the infected bite site. in addition, an antibody response to specific salivary gland (sg) components changes the pathogenesis of flaviviruses in human populations. to investigate whether antigenic sg proteins are capable of enhancing infection with zika virus (zikv), a reemerging flavivirus primarily transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosqui ...201930971475
expanding the canon: non-classical mosquito genes at the interface of arboviral infection.mosquito transmitted viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality in human populations. despite the use of insecticides and other measures of vector control, arboviral diseases are on the rise. one potential solution for limiting disease transmission to humans is to render mosquitoes refractory to viral infection through genetic modification. substantial research effort in drosophila, aedes and anopheles has helped to define the major innate immune pathways, including toll, imd, jak/stat an ...201930970277
abiotic factors and population dynamic of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in an endemic area of dengue in brazil.aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are exotic species in the americas with high epidemiological relevance as they are vectors of many pathogens. this study aimed at understanding the population dynamics of a. aegypti and a. albopictus and the influence of abiotic factors in an endemic area of dengue. the study was conducted in the urban area of campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil, over one year. in seven regions of the city, 50 ovitraps were installed in each neighborhood. the development o ...201930970109
evaluation of the larvicidal potential of the essential oil pogostemon cablin (blanco) benth in the control of aedes aegypti.the objective of this work was to collect information on the chemical constituents that demonstrate the larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti, as well as the antioxidant, microbiological, and cytotoxicity potential of the essential oil of pogostemon cablin leaves. the chemical characterization was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (gc-ms). the larvicidal activity was performed according to the protocol of the world health organization. the antioxidant activity was ...201930965561
lack of evidence of sylvatic transmission of dengue viruses in the amazon rainforest near iquitos, peru.dengue viruses (denv) are currently responsible for more human morbidity and mortality than any other known arbovirus, and all four denv are known to exist in sylvatic cycles that might allow these viruses to persist if the urban (aedes aegypti) cycle could be controlled. to determine whether denv were being maintained in a sylvatic cycle in a forested area about 14 km southwest of iquitos, peru, a city in which all 4 serotypes of denv circulate, we placed 20 denv seronegative aotus monkeys in c ...201930964397
green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and mosquito larvicidal activity against dengue, zika and chikungunya causing vector aedes aegypti.in the present study, high purity copper oxide nanoparticles (nps) were synthesised using tridax procumbens leaf extract. green syntheses of nano-mosquitocides rely on plant compounds as reducing and stabilising agents. copper oxide nps were characterised using x-ray diffraction (xrd) analysis, fourier transform infrared (ft-ir), field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. xrd studies of the ...201830964011
impacts of hurricanes irma and maria on aedes aegypti populations, aquatic habitats, and mosquito infections with dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses in puerto rico.puerto rico was severely impacted by hurricanes irma and maria in september 2017. the island has been endemic for dengue viruses (denv) and recently suffered epidemics of chikungunya (chikv 2014) and zika (zikv 2016) viruses. although severe storms tend to increase the number of vector and nuisance mosquitoes, we do not know how they influence aedes aegypti populations and arboviral transmission. we compared the abundance of female ae. aegypti in autocidal gravid ovitraps (ago traps), container ...201930963992
publisher correction: past and future spread of the arbovirus vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus.this article was mistakenly not made open access when originally published; this has now been amended, and information about the creative commons attribution 4.0 international license has been added into the 'additional information' section.201930962571
[current distribution and bioecological characterizations of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in brazzaville].aedes aegypti is a mosquito that has been known in congo for decades. it has always been involved in the transmission of some arboviruses. ae. albopictus is an invasive species native from asia. its presence was reported in congo in 2009. the proliferation of ae. albopictus, especially in brazzaville, in association with ae. aegypti, have increased the risk of arbovirus transmission. the distribution and bio-ecology of these two species remain poorly studied. we undertook entomological investiga ...201830950593
differences in mosquito communities in six cities in oklahoma.vector-borne diseases in the united states have recently increased as a result of the changing nature of vectors, hosts, reservoirs, pathogens, and the ecological and environmental conditions. current information on vector habitats and how mosquito community composition varies across space and time is vital to successful vector-borne disease management. this study characterizes mosquito communities in urban areas of oklahoma, united states, an ecologically diverse region in the southern great pl ...201930950499
vector competence of australian aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus for an epidemic strain of zika virus.recent epidemics of zika virus (zikv) in the pacific and the americas have highlighted its potential as an emerging pathogen of global importance. both aedes (ae.) aegypti and ae. albopictus are known to transmit zikv but variable vector competence has been observed between mosquito populations from different geographical regions and different virus strains. since australia remains at risk of zikv introduction, we evaluated the vector competence of local ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus for a braz ...201930946747
linking water quality to aedes aegypti and zika in flood-prone neighborhoods.the ability of ecosystems to regulate water quality and flood events has been linked to health outcomes, including mosquito-borne illnesses. in the san juan bay estuary watershed of puerto rico, habitat alterations and land-use development have disrupted watershed hydrology, exacerbating wastewater discharges and subjecting some neighborhoods to frequent flooding events. in 2016, the mosquito-borne illness zika became a new cause for concern. we hypothesized that nutrient-enriched flood water co ...201930945160
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