Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| potential for dengue in south africa: mosquito ecology with particular reference to aedes aegypti. | observations on prevalence, geographical distribution, utilization of artificial larval habitats and anthropophilism were made on diurnal mosquitoes at selected localities along the coast of natal and inland in the transvaal to identify potential vectors of dengue in south africa. larval collections made in artificial containers on the ground, the exposure of bamboo pots as ovitraps in trees and collection of mosquitoes biting man showed the following species as the most likely candidates for ve ... | 1991 | 1787403 |
| seasonal incidence and vertical distribution patterns of oviposition by aedes aegypti in an urban environment in trinidad, w. i. | the oviposition patterns of aedes aegypti were investigated using modified ovitraps placed along 4 vertical transects and monitored weekly for 52 wk in st. augustine, trinidad, w.i. from the 832 ovitraps exposed at ground level, 1.2, 3.0 and 4.6-m elevations, 43% (361) were found containing 20,114 ae. aegypti eggs. during the wet season, 52.7% of the eggs were collected whereas during the dry season only 47.3% were collected. egg populations were highest at the 1.2-m elevation. the implications ... | 1991 | 1791447 |
| aedes aegypti infestation characteristics in several caribbean countries and implications for integrated community-based control. | periodic larval surveys for aedes aegypti were conducted in 11 caribbean countries between 1983 and 1989. on average, there were 24 potential larval habitats per house including 4.9 which held water at the time of examination. breteau indices for the various islands ranged from 34.7 to 121.6. in descending order of importance, water storage drums, house plants, buckets, used tires and miscellaneous small discarded containers accounted for 84% of all foci. highest rates of infestation were found ... | 1991 | 1791448 |
| efficacy assessment of quwenling, a mosquito repellent from china. | quwenling, an insect repellent product of china derived from extracts of the lemon eucalyptus plant (eucalyptus maculata citriodon), was evaluated. laboratory tests compared quwenling with deet against anopheles albimanus, an. quadrimaculatus, aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus and field tests with ae. taeniorhynchus. cloth treated with quwenling at greater than 2x the dosage of deet was effective against 2 of 4 species tested (ae. albopictus 29 days, an. quadrimaculatus 28 days). on the skin of volu ... | 1991 | 1791453 |
| controlled release repellent formulations on human volunteers under three climatic regimens. | two controlled-release repellent formulations containing 33% (3m) and 42% (biotek) deet and an army repellent containing 75% deet were evaluated in 3 different climatic regimens (tropical forested, tropical open and basic hot environments). the 3 repellents provided similar protection for different time periods after application under all 3 climates against aedes aegypti, ae. taeniorhynchus and anopheles stephensi whereas there was no difference in protection period against an. albimanus. | 1991 | 1791462 |
| the fate of plasmodium gallinaceum in anopheles stephensi liston and possible barriers to transmission. | plasmodium gallinaceum develops up to the ookinete stage in the non-compatible mosquito, anopheles stephensi, this development occurring over the same time period and with the same success as in the compatible vector, aedes aegypti. the slower digestive rate in an. stephensi, smaller blood-meal and lower enzyme activity than in aedes, and an acceleration of the formation of the peritrophic membrane (pm) do not inhibit the development of the parasite. however, the ookinetes are not able to penetr ... | 1991 | 1793266 |
| effect of selected chemicals on mosquito larval orientation behaviour using a new apparatus. | an apparatus was designed and fabricated for studying the effects of aromatic chemicals on the iv instar larvae of aedes aegypti (l.). the test chemicals (essential oils and monoterpenoids) were incorporated in agar along with yeast and dog biscuits which formed an attractant food source (bait). a fairly rapid decrease in the migration of larvae towards the bait cum chemical source was observed during the first hour after which a steady state was observed. minimum migration (9.67%) was seen with ... | 1991 | 1794875 |
| long-term effects of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on aedes aegypti. | immediate (24 hours exposure) and long-term (until the emergence of the adults) effects of different doses of a primary powder of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (b.t.i.) against first and second instar aedes aegypti larvae were monitored. the long-term effect was dose-dependent and was materialized by a prolongation of the preimaginal development and continuous cumulative mortality until the emergence of the adults. mortality values were higher during the fourth larval instar and the ... | 1991 | 1802053 |
| the aedes aegypti genome: complexity and organization. | we describe the use of dna reassociation kinetics to determine the total genome size and complexity together with the individual complexity and copy number of the single copy, middle repetitive and highly repeated dna fractions of cell line and larval dna from the mosquito, aedes aegypti. the genome of ae. aegypti is both large and complex, being one third the size of the human genome, and exhibits a short period interspersed repeat pattern. the implications of patterns of sequence arrangement a ... | 1991 | 1802804 |
| susceptibility of adult aedes aegypti (l.) and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera; culicidae) to ddt in kampuchea. | the susceptibility to 4% ddt was tested in adult aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected in houses in phnom penh (kampuchea). it was found that in spite of the fact that insecticide treatment had not been performed for many years, the populations of both species as a whole remained resistant. however, there were some differences in the susceptibility between males and females and between engorged and hungry females. possible causes of these differences are discussed in the ... | 1991 | 1808035 |
| laboratory evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis h-14 against aedes aegypti larvae in the northeast region of thailand. | laboratory bioassays using a preparation of bacillus thuringiensis h-14 (bt.h-14), namely skeetal were conducted to determine their effectiveness against late 3rd/early 4th instar larvae of aedes aegypti. the larvae were collected from municipal areas in 7 provinces, namely burirum, roi-et, khon kaen, ubol ratchatani, nakorn phanom, surin and nakorn ratchasima, in the northeast of thailand. it was found that for skeetal, lc50 ranged from 128 to 151 nl/l (average 143) and lc90 ranged from 254 to ... | 1991 | 1818396 |
| global climate change and infectious diseases. | the effects of global climate change on infectious diseases are hypothetical until more is known about the degree of change in temperature and humidity that will occur. diseases most likely to increase in their distribution and severity have three-factor (agent, vector, and human being) and four-factor (plus vertebrate reservoir host) ecology. aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes may move northward and have more rapid metamorphosis with global warming. these mosquitoes transmit dengue v ... | 1991 | 1820262 |
| [sampling study for larval density quantification of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in the state of são paulo, brazil]. | the yellow fever and dengue vector control program developed by the superintendency for the control of endemic diseases in the state of s. paulo recommends aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus larval density monitoring in cities with domiciliar infestation. the sampling plan which has been applied in the countries of the presidente prudente region (sp- brazil) since 1987 is described. the infestation is measured by using the breteau index. a sample of buildings is drawn, monthly and independently, ... | 1991 | 1820612 |
| isolation and laboratory evaluation of an indigenous strain of bacillus sphaericus (9001). | an indigenous strain of bacillus sphaericus h5a (9001), possessing high insecticidal properties, was isolated from diseased larvae of culex species. this strain in comparison with the known strains of b. sphaericus, i.e., 1593 and 2362, was found to be promising against the fourth instar larvae of anopheles culicifacies, an. stephensi, an. subpictus, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. b. sphaericus 9001 is highly stable and virulent through 25 successive transfers and thus can be effectiv ... | 1991 | 1822451 |
| effects of medium alterations on in vitro development of brugia malayi larvae in cultured mosquito thoraces. | a recent study showed that 1-day-old, intracellularly lodged larvae of brugia species develop in vitro to the infective third-stage larvae (l3) in excised thoraces of susceptible mosquitoes in the diphasic insect tissue culture medium containing a nutrient agar base overlaid with a 1:1 mixture of schneider's drosophila medium and grace's insect cell culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (fbs) and antimicrobial agents. in the present investigation, the diphasic culture medium wa ... | 1991 | 1865265 |
| infection of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti mosquitoes with dengue parent and progeny candidate vaccine viruses: a possible marker of human attenuation. | dengue (den-1) and den-4 parent (p) and progeny candidate vaccine (cv) viruses were compared in their abilities to infect and to replicate in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. the den cv clones were temperature sensitive (ts) and had small plaque morphology. the den-1 and den-4 cv viruses differed in their ability to infect, to replicate in, and to be transmitted by mosquitoes. the den-1 cv virus was not attenuated for the vector mosquitoes; oral infection rates with the cv virus we ... | 1991 | 1877715 |
| mosquito host influences on development of filariae. | a brief review is presented of the literature relating to factors which limit the capacity of filariae to develop in mosquitoes, with particular emphasis on immune mechanisms. most insects respond to bacterial infection by the production of potent antibacterial proteins, but little is known of this aspect of the immune response in mosquitoes or of the possible influence of immune proteins on the fate of filarial infections in mosquitoes. a summary account is given of recent experiments with the ... | 1991 | 1888212 |
| occurrence of aedes aegypti (l.) and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera, culicidae) in houses of different constructions in phnom penh, kampuchea. | the relation between the number of mosquito specimens of the most abundant species aedes aegypti (l.) and culex quinquefasciatus say and the construction of houses which they inhabited was studied. the effect of the building materials and of the height at which the floor was situated above the ground were assessed in five and four localities, respectively. it was found that in the localities having the character of a town the mosquitoes were most abundant in houses constructed from corrugated pl ... | 1991 | 1916534 |
| a single amino acid change in the e2 glycoprotein of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus affects replication and dissemination in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | four monoclonal antibody-resistant variants (marvs) of venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus were used to study mosquito-virus interactions. in vitro experiments using an aedes albopictus cell line, c6/36, demonstrated that an amino acid change in the glycoprotein e2h epitope (marv 1a3b-7) decreased virus growth when compared with the wild-type, trinidad donkey virus, and its vaccine derivative, tc-83. the marvs replicated as efficiently as the parent virus when inoculated into aedes aegypt ... | 1991 | 1919525 |
| binding of vitellogenin to membranes isolated from mosquito ovaries. | the presence of specific receptors for vitellogenin (vg) in ovary membranes of the mosquito, aedes aegypti, was demonstrated by an in vitro binding assay. the binding reaction, which is dependent on ph and ca2+, uses 4 micrograms membrane protein, 35s-vg labeled metabolically by fat body culture in vitro, and unlabeled vitellin (vn) for competition. at ph 7.0 and in the presence of 5 mm ca2+, the binding of vg to its receptor reaches equilibrium within 60-90 min at both 4 and 25 degrees c. the b ... | 1991 | 1932779 |
| entomological investigations during outbreaks of dengue fever in certain villages in maharashtra state. | outbreaks of dengue (den) fever are reported from 22 villages in five districts in the state of maharashtra. den viral antigen was detected by indirect immunofluorescence test in 34 of 375 female aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected from 8 villages. den types 2 and 3 were identified among the 16 strains that were isolated. none of the 64 male mosquitoes showed the presence of viral antigen; 281 males and 323 females reared from field collected larvae were also found negative. indoor spraying of dd ... | 1991 | 1937596 |
| effects of ivermectin (mk-933) on the reproductive rate of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti (l.) females were blood fed a single time on rabbits previously injected subcutaneously with ivermectin at 10 or 50 times the labeled dose recommended for cattle (0.2 mg [ai]/kg body weight). although adult mosquito survival was unchanged by the low dose, fecundity and hatch were depressed slightly. females fed on rabbits at the high dose exhibited reduced survival and egg production compared with females fed on control rabbits. eggs from these females also were less likely to hatc ... | 1991 | 1941909 |
| analysis of inheritance of oral susceptibility of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to dengue-2 virus using isofemale lines. | isofemale lines were compared to determine possible genetic variation in oral susceptibility within the fare strain of aedes aegypti (l.) to dengue-2 (den-2) virus. three groups of 12 isofemale lines each were tested statistically using the sas catmod procedure of analysis of variance. the "isofemale line" effect was highly significant, demonstrating genetic variability in oral susceptibility among females. the length of time eggs were stored before hatching influenced the oral susceptibility of ... | 1991 | 1941912 |
| flp-mediated recombination in the vector mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the activity of a yeast recombinase, flp, on specific target dna sequences, frt, has been demonstrated in embryos of the vector mosquito, aedes aegypti. in a series of experiments, plasmids containing the flp recombinase under control of a heterologous heat-shock gene promoter were co-injected with target plasmids containing frt sites into preblastoderm stage mosquito embryos. flp-mediated recombination was detected between (i) tandem repeats of frt sites leading to the excision of specific dna ... | 1991 | 1945877 |
| a field trial on the comparative effectiveness of malathion and resigen by ulv application on aedes aegypti. | field trials were conducted in two residential areas of petaling jaya municipality to test the adulticidal and larvicidal effects of malathion 96% tg and resigen on aedes aegypti. malathion is the currently used insecticide in malaysia for the control of dengue. the leco hd ulv machine was used throught the trials. for malathion the flow rate was 90 ml/minute at a vehicle speed of 8kph and for resigen the flow rate was 200 ml/minute at the same vechicle speed. malathion was more effective giving ... | 1991 | 1948249 |
| [dengue in the americas. a problem of regional health]. | the aedes aegypti was almost eradicate from the americas in the early sixties but reinfested the region a few years later, and dengue transmission has become a major health problem. the americas have been affected by dengue epidemics since the 1970s and hemorrhagic fever is becoming a threat for millions of people living in the tropical and subtropical areas of the continent. resources to cope with the increasing transmission of different serotypes in the region are scarce. therefore a regional ... | 1991 | 1948410 |
| formulation of a flowable liquid concentrate of bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14 spores and crystals as mosquito larvicide. | bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14 spores and crystals, produced in 51 fermenters, were centrifuged and resuspended in emulsified palm olein to give 3.2 x 10(11) colony forming units (cfu)/ml. the suspension was mixed with a cassava-molasses-palm olein-charcoal (cmpc-2) mixture which served as the carrier, adhesive, dispersant and protectant. the final concentration of the formulation was 3.2 x 10(9) cfu/ml. the lethal concentrations capable of killing 50% of the test population (lc50) of cmpc ... | 1991 | 1955414 |
| aedes aegypti: characterization of hemocyte polypeptide synthesis during wound healing and immune response to inoculated microfilariae. | hemocytes from adult, female aedes aegypti, intrathoracically inoculated with microfilariae (mf) of the nematode dirofilaria immitis, were compared to saline-inoculated and uninoculated controls using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), 125i-labeling, and wheat germ agglutinin (wga) binding techniques. activation of wound healing and/or melanotic encapsulation responses by the inoculation of saline or mf into the host hemocoel induced alterations in the hemocyte ... | 1991 | 1959574 |
| the peritrophic membrane as a barrier: its penetration by plasmodium gallinaceum and the effect of a monoclonal antibody to ookinetes. | we studied the point at which a monoclonal antibody (mab c5) to a surface protein (pgs25) on plasmodium gallinaceum ookinetes blocked the infection of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. the antibody did not block the development of zygotes to ookinetes in vitro. development of ookinetes to oocysts in the mosquito was blocked to the same extent whether zygotes grew to ookinetes in the presence of mab c5 or the antibody was added after the ookinetes had reached full development. when ookinetes developed in ... | 1991 | 2009919 |
| outbreak of dengue fever in rural areas of parbhani district of maharashtra (india). | outbreak of dengue fever in chikalthana, pimpalgaon and waloor villages in parbhani district of maharashtra (india) were investigated. clinically, the illness was typical of dengue fever except for the absence of maculopapular rash. a total of 42 acute, 14 late acute, 73 convalescent and 19 sera from contacts were collected. of the 15 virus isolates, 12 were identified as dengue virus type 2 and 1 as dengue virus type 1. serological tests confirmed the etiological role of dengue virus in the out ... | 1991 | 2022403 |
| transmission of viable mycobacterium leprae by aedes aegypti from lepromatous leprosy patients to the skin of mice through interrupted feeding. | female aedes aegypti which took partial blood meals from the skin lesions of untreated lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients were then allowed to continue feeding on 72-96-hr-old swiss albino suckling mice (rockefeller strain). the bitten portion of skin was removed, divided into two parts and processed for the extraction of bacilli by two different methods using chloroform and petroleum ether. the proboscis of some of the fed mosquitoes was dissected out and examined for viable bacilli (stained by ... | 1991 | 2034021 |
| the first epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the people's republic of china. | the first epidemic of dengue in china associated with significant severe and fatal hemorrhagic disease which met the world health organization case definition occurred on hainan island in 1985-1986. the epidemic began in zhan county in september 1985, spread throughout the coastal areas, and ultimately involved 13 counties and cities of the island in 1986. the mosquito vector was aedes aegypti. the morbidity associated with dengue infection on hainan island was 1,913 per 100,000 residents, with ... | 1991 | 2042704 |
| spiroplasma (mollicutes: spiroplasmataceae) pathogenic for aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). | intrathoracic inoculation with the mosquito spiroplasma, spiroplasma taïwanense abalain-colloc et al., was found to reduce significantly the survival of adult male and female aedes aegypti (l.) and anopheles stephensi liston. this spiroplasma also reduced significantly the flight capacity of adult female ae. aegypti 5-8 d after inoculation and adult female an. stephensi 4 d after inoculation. adult female an. stephensi were incapable of flight 5 d after inoculation. as such, s. taïwanense joins ... | 1991 | 2056503 |
| nutritional factors and antimicrobials on development of infective larvae of subperiodic brugia malayi (nematoda: filarioidea) in anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the effects of nutritional factors and antimicrobials on the development of infective larvae of subperiodic brugia malayi in susceptible anopheles quadrimaculatus say and aedes aegypti (l.) were investigated. larvae of both species of mosquitoes were reared on brewers yeast or a 1:1 brewers yeast-liver powder mixture. after emergence, one-half of the adults from each rearing condition were maintained on a 10% sucrose solution and the other half on a 10% sucrose solution containing 0.1% p-aminobe ... | 1991 | 2056511 |
| characterization of mosquitocidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. fukuokaensis crystal proteins. | the mosquitocidal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. fukuokaensis were isolated and bioassayed against fourth-instar larvae of two mosquito species. the 50% lethal concentration values of the crystals to aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus were 4.1 and 2.9 micrograms/ml, respectively. in addition, the solubilized crystals had hemolytic activity; 50 micrograms/ml was the lowest detectable level. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the cryst ... | 1991 | 2059032 |
| structural diversity of trypsin from different mosquito species feeding on vertebrate blood. | mosquito trypsin was purified using a combination of ion exchange and affinity chromatography with the ligand soybean trypsin inhibitor. three aedes and three anopheles species were tested, all of which are specialized in the digestion of vertebrate blood. amino-terminal sequences of hplc-purified trypsins from aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus revealed homologies of 30-40% with vertebrate and other invertebrate proteases previously identified as serine-proteases. the purified mosquito ... | 1991 | 2065758 |
| [the possibility of using a mass of aedes aegypti pupae and imagoes for determining the amount of blood they consume]. | a close correlation between the mass of mosquito chrysa1ises, imago and the amount of the consumed blood makes it possible to determine the latter parameter using any other one according to the formulas presented in the article, the accuracy of determination depending on the accuracy of the weighing technique. the method can be used with mosquitos of any age and warm-blooded donors. the use of an indirect method determining the amount of the consumed blood (by the mass of mosquitos or chrysalise ... | 1991 | 2067464 |
| permethrin and dimethyl phthalate as tent fabric treatments against aedes aegypti. | tests were conducted to determine the persistence of compounds applied to tents to protect against mosquitoes. interiors of 2 camping tents were treated by the manufacturer--one with the repellent dimethyl phthalate (dmp) and one with the insecticide permethrin. a third tent was untreated. tents were set up outdoors and exposed to weathering for one year. weekly tests were conducted by releasing aedes aegypti into the tents, then recording knockdown (kd) and biting behavior during a 3-h period. ... | 1991 | 1787396 |
| organization of a cloned repetitive dna fragment in mosquito genomes (diptera: culicidae). | the structure and genomic organization of a cloned 5.2-kb repetitive dna fragment, h-85, isolated from the aedes albopictus genome have been examined. in situ hybridization of the 3h-labeled h-85 dna to the meiotic and mitotic chromosome preparations of ae. albopictus shows that the sequences homologous to h-85 dna are dispersed throughout the length of all three pairs of chromosomes. a similar pattern of in situ hybridization appears in aedes seatoi, aedes flavopictus, and aedes aegypti. the st ... | 1991 | 1685722 |
| effect of ivermectin on the ovarian development of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the effect of ivermectin (0.1 microgram/ml) on blood digestion, ovarian development, and ovipositional attributes of aedes aegypti was studied using standard morphological and histological techniques. uncoordinated movements and paralysis were observed in most ivermectin-treated females within 1 h after ingestion of blood containing the chemical. eight days after the blood meal, 23.5% of the treated females had died, whereas no mortality occurred in controls. formation of the peritrophic membran ... | 1991 | 1941939 |
| ribosomal dna structure in aedes mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) and their cell lines. | the molecular organization of the ribosomal dna repeat unit in laboratory colonies of aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes aegypti (l.) and in continuous cell lines derived from these species was examined using restriction enzyme mapping and southern blotting techniques. in the rrna coding regions, restriction enzyme sites were conserved in ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus. in particular, sites that had been mapped in rdna cloned from the mauritius strain of ae. albopictus mosquitoes were confirmed ... | 1991 | 1941931 |
| evaluation of australian mesocyclops (cyclopoida: cyclopidae) for mosquito control. | six of seven species of mesocyclops copepods, collected from northeastern australia, showed potential as biological control agents of aedes mosquitoes. methods of laboratory evaluation included predation trials at different larval mosquito densities, population growth rates at different temperatures, and laboratory cage simulations. the predation efficacy of mesocyclops aspericornis, m. australiensis, and m. mb1 from southern queensland, and m. darwini, m. mb2, m. notius and m. mb3 from northern ... | 1991 | 1941928 |
| replacement of aedes aegypti by aedes albopictus in mobile, alabama. | aedes albopictus was first detected in mobile, al, in 1987 during a cdc sponsored ovitrap survey in the historic district. a comparison of ovitrap and larval surveys, done in 1957, 1984, 1987 and 1990, indicates that ae. albopictus had replaced aedes aegypti in urban mobile. possible explanations of this replacement, including displacement, are discussed. | 1991 | 1791461 |
| emergency control of aedes aegypti as a disease vector in urban areas. | techniques for the emergency control of adult aedes aegypti populations and their development are reviewed. larviciding and environmental measures provide only delayed control of adult populations. large-scale field trials of the ultra-low volume application of insecticide concentrates in southeast asia, south america and africa, using aerial, ground, vehicle-mounted and hand-carried equipment, have, in most cases, resulted in satisfactory levels of control of adult populations. sequential or in ... | 1991 | 1791444 |
| tralomethrin (oms-3048), a new synthetic pyrethroid against vector mosquitoes. | tralomethrin (oms-3048) a synthetic pyrethroid, was tested for its insecticidal properties in the laboratory against normal strains of culex quinquefasciatus, cx. tritaeniorhynchus, cx. sitiens, anopheles stephensi, an. culicifacies, aedes aegypti and armigeres subalbatus and against strains of cx. quinquefasciatus resistant to fenthion and malathion. tralomethrin showed good larvicidal activity against all the species tested. lc50 ranged between 7.00 x 10(-6) and 9.10 x 10(-3) mg (ai)/l. resist ... | 1991 | 1688021 |
| pathogenicity, host range and temperature tolerance of crypticola clavulifera (oomycetes: lagenidiales) in the laboratory. | the oomycete fungus crypticola clavulifera was pathogenic for laboratory-reared and field-collected larval diptera, including the mosquitoes aedes aegypti, ae. notoscriptus, anopheles farauti no. 1 and 3, culex annulirostris, cx. quinquefasciatus and the chironomid midge chironomus tepperi. zoospores were produced in water held at 15, 20 and 25 degrees c and were pathogenic for ae. aegypti larvae, but at 30 and 35 degrees c zoospores were not produced. | 1991 | 1686451 |
| dibutyryl camp activates bumetanide-sensitive electrolyte transport in malpighian tubules. | the effects of dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (dbcamp) and bumetanide (both 10(-4) m) on transepithelial na+, k+, cl-, and fluid secretion and on tubule electrophysiology were studied in isolated malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. peritubular dbcamp significantly increased na+, cl-, and fluid secretion but decreased k+ secretion. in dbcamp-stimulated tubules, bumetanide caused na+, cl-, and fluid secretion to return to pre-camp control rates and k+ sec ... | 1991 | 1653525 |
| the gonotrophic status of female aedes aegypti (l.) overnight at the oviposition site (diptera: culicidae). | experimental observations made outdoors in trinidad provide additional support for the assumption that some gravid female aedes aegypti rest overnight close to the container in which each has laid part of her current complement of eggs the previous afternoon, and in which she may lay part or the rest of that complement the next morning. some females evidently take more than one blood-meal while developing a single batch of eggs. | 1991 | 1796890 |
| influence of larval and adult nutrition on biting persistence in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | biting persistence was measured for aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes given different levels of larval and adult nutrition. persistence was measured as the total number of times during a 60-min trial that a mosquito returned to land on a defensive host after being disturbed and dislocated from the host, and as the rate of decline of landings over the 60 min test (pattern of persistence). large females were significantly more persistent than smaller females, regardless of whether the females were pro ... | 1991 | 1941913 |
| larvicidal activity of tagetes minuta (marigold) toward aedes aegypti. | the steam distilled oils of 3 species of marigold, tagetes patula, t. erecta and t. minuta, were tested for larvicidal activity toward third instar aedes aegypti; activity at 10 ppm was demonstrated only for t. minuta. the larvicidal property of the whole oil dispersed in water persisted for at least 9 days. the terpene, ocimenone, which is a part of the whole oil, was found to be larvicidal only at a higher concentration than the whole oil and to lose its activity within 24 h after dispersal in ... | 1991 | 1895085 |
| residual concentration and efficacy of three temephos formulations for control of larval aedes aegypti. | the residual concentration and efficacy of abate 5cg (impregnated in celatom granules) and plaster pellets impregnated with either abate 4e or technical temephos were compared against late 3rd-instar aedes aegypti larvae. both plaster pellet formulations resulted in 100% larval mortality during the 6-wk test, compared with 2 wk for a similar level of mortality for the celatom formulation. the maximum temephos concentration in water treated with the celatom formulation occurred 30 min after treat ... | 1991 | 1716660 |
| involvement of mono-oxygenases as a major mechanism of deltamethrin-resistance in larvae of three species of mosquitoes. | role of mono-oxygenases as a mechanism of resistance to the synthetic pyrethroid, deltamethrin in the larvae of culex quinquefasciatus say, aedes aegypti l. and anopheles stephensi liston developed by laboratory selections with deltamethrin, ddt or deltamethrin and the synergist, piperonyl butoxide (pbo) in the ratio of 1:5, was investigated. there was a significant correlation with mono-oxygenase activity and larval lc50 to deltamethrin in various strains of all the three species. in addition, ... | 1991 | 1678732 |
| enhancement of the cdc ovitrap with hay infusions for daily monitoring of aedes aegypti populations. | an ovitrap containing hay infusion and a second ovitrap adjacent to it containing a 10% dilution of the infusion in tap water together yielded 8 times more aedes aegypti eggs than single cdc ovitraps containing tap water. these "enhanced pairs" were significantly more attractive than pairs with other combinations of infusion, water or methyl propionate, and have proven useful for daily monitoring of ae. aegypti populations. our results shed light on the oviposition behavior of ae. aegypti in the ... | 1991 | 2045808 |
| effects of single introduction of toxorhynchites moctezuma upon aedes aegypti on a caribbean island. | in march 1989, first instar toxorhynchites moctezuma larvae were introduced into all potential aedes aegypti oviposition sites (n = 214) that contained water in the village of clifton on union island in st. vincent and the grenadines. one month after this introduction, the mean number of adult ae. aegypti collected with a backpack aspirator in houses in clifton dropped significantly. sixty-four percent fewer males and 80% fewer females were collected after introduction of the predator. in the un ... | 1991 | 1675259 |
| compounds affecting mosquito oviposition: structure-activity relationships and concentration effects. | evidence is reviewed for a dose-dependent reversal of response in mosquito oviposition, in which a compound that attracts or stimulates oviposition may repel or deter oviposition at a higher concentration. on the basis of a review of structure-activity relationships in compounds affecting mosquito oviposition, 5 hexanoic acid derivatives were selected for field tests with aedes aegypti ssp. formosus in kenya. egg counts were increased most by methyl hexanoic acid and 5-methyl-2-hexanone, and the ... | 1991 | 1675257 |
| isolation and characterization of the gene expressing the major salivary gland protein of the female mosquito, aedes aegypti. | we have undertaken a molecular analysis of the salivary glands of hematophagous insects in order to better understand their role in blood feeding and in the transmission of infectious diseases. to that end, genomic and cdna clones of a gene designated d7, expressed abundantly in the adult female salivary glands of the vector mosquito aegypti, have been isolated and characterized. this gene encodes a mrna shown by northern analysis and in situ hybridization to tissue sections to be specifically t ... | 1991 | 2052024 |
| plagiorchis noblei (plagiorchiidae) in aedes aegypti: parasite acquisition and host mortality in trickle infections. | the prevalence and intensity of experimental infections of aedes aegypti with the digenean plagiorchis noblei increased significantly with the level of trickle exposure to cercariae. daily exposure to doses of 16 cercariae/day yielded a mean infection intensity of 13.0 metacercariae; doses of 1 cercaria/day resulted in only 2.4 metacercariae per infected mosquito larva. the prevalence of infection rose from 46% at an exposure of 1 cercaria/day to 99% at 16 cercariae/day. host mortality rose conc ... | 1991 | 1992081 |
| toxicity and igr effect of two new neem products against aedes aegypti (pcsir strain). | crude extract and isolated compounds from neem, azadirachta indica and melia azedarach (meliaceae) are being tested in various countries. the present study deals with the effect of two new compounds and their parent fraction from the fresh winter neem leaves, isolated by siddiqui et. al., 1986. the lc50 of nfd is 0.58 ppm, nimocinolide 0.625 ppm and isonimocinolide 0.47 ppm. abnormal larvae, pupae and intermediates were also found. | 1991 | 16414684 |
| control of follicular epithelium development and vitelline envelope formation in the mosquito; role of juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone. | using microsurgical manipulations, hormone applications, and transmission electron microscopy we have investigated the regulation of differentiation of the follicular epithelium and formation of the vitelline envelope (ve) in primary follicles in the ovary of the mosquito, aedes aegypti. during the first 3 days after eclosion, the primary follicle grows, and cells of the follicular epithelium differentiate, their content of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and golgi complexes increases ... | 1991 | 1926140 |
| superoxide dismutase in the anal gills of the mosquito larvae of aedes aegypti: its inhibition by alpha-terthienyl. | the anal gills of the mosquito larvae of aedes aegypti were shown to possess superoxide dismutase (ec 1.15.1.1) activity, which increased with the maturation of the larvae from instar 1 to instar 4. this enzyme was highly inhibited upon treatment of the larvae with alpha-terthienyl (2,2':5,2"-terthiophene) and subsequent exposure to long-wave ultraviolet light. inhibition also occurred with treatment of the crude enzyme extract in a similar fashion. exposure of the enzyme to the ultraviolet ligh ... | 1991 | 1799676 |
| vector immunity to filariasis: new potential for disease control? | these experiments describe investigations into the mode of microfilarial killing in the haemocoel of immune aedes aegypti and simulium ornatum. antibody blocking experiments indicate that sarcotoxin iia-like and sarcolectin-like molecules maybe involved. the use of carbohydrate in the infecting blood meal indicates that gut lectins may be involved in preventing migration of brugia microfilariae into the haemocoel. this appears to be a strain factor linked to innate susceptibility. these physiolo ... | 1991 | 1793268 |
| n,n-diethylphenylacetamide in treated fabrics as a repellent against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | the efficacy of fabrics impregnated with n,n-diethylphenylacetamide (depa), a new repellent, was studied in the laboratory and field against aedes aegypti (l.) and culex quinquefasciatus say. depa-treated polyester cotton and cotton fabrics provided repellency for 30 and 36 d and had a half-life of 11 and 5 d, respectively. the repellent could not be applied at a rate of greater than 15% of fabric weight. depa-treated fabric patches were found to be a practical and novel approach and were effect ... | 1991 | 1674544 |
| studies on bacillus thuringiensis h-14 strains isolated in egypt-v. composition and toxicity of the mosquitocidal parasporal inclusions. | parasporal inclusions of bacillus thuringlensis h-14 strains m1 and s128 were characterized by solubilization, electron microscopy, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, amino acid analysis and insecticidal activity. inclusions of both strains are composed largely of protein with 8 to 9% carbohydrate. amino acid analysis of the purlfied inclusions revealed that the two strains produce inclusions that are closely related to each other but significantly different from lepidopteran-toxic b. thuringie ... | 1991 | 24424938 |
| susceptibility of four species of mosquitoes to chandipura virus and its detection by immunofluorescence. | susceptibility of culex tritaeniorhynchus, cx. bitaeniorhynchus, cx. quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti to chandipura (chp) virus was compared after parental inoculation of the mosquitoes. virus detection was done by indirect immunofluorescence (if). chp antigen in head squashes of all the four species was seen at 24 hr post infection (p.i.). the mosquitoes supported the virus growth and transmission by bite to 2 days old suckling swiss albino mice. ae. aegypti which was found the most suscepti ... | 1991 | 1683113 |
| characterization of a vasodilator from the salivary glands of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. | salivary gland homogenates and oil-induced saliva of the mosquito aedes aegypti dilate the rabbit aortic ring and contract the guinea pig ileum. the vasodilatory activity is endothelium-dependent, heat-stable, sensitive to both trypsin and chymotrypsin treatments, and both smooth muscle activities cross-desensitize to the tachykinin peptide substance p. both bioactivities co-elute when salivary gland homogenates are fractionated by reversed-phase hplc. molecular sieving chromatography indicates ... | 1992 | 1375258 |
| [effect of sublethal concentrations of abate on biological parameters of aedes aegypti]. | the effect of abate (temephos) applied at the rate of 0.016, 0.020 and 0.025 mg/l on fourth stadium larvae and its effect upon pupae weight, adult weight, ingested blood weight and longevity of aedes aegypti were investigated. the insecticide was applied on f2 generation larvae that were fed an artificial diet under laboratory conditions, from larvae collected at urban level in monterrey, n.l., mexico. in relation to the adult, females were fed with a 10 per cent honey solution and rabbit blood ... | 1992 | 1380186 |
| larvicidal effects of penicillium citrinum spores and extracts upon aedes aegypti. | 1992 | 1401991 | |
| seasonal incidence and horizontal distribution patterns of oviposition by aedes aegypti in an urban environment in trinidad, west indies. | the oviposition patterns of aedes aegypti in ovitraps placed along 5 horizontal transects were monitored weekly for 52 wk (january to december 1988) in st. joseph, trinidad. of the 2,550 ovitraps exposed, 270 were lost and 1,177 (52%) out of 2,280 were used by gravid females, containing 38,118 eggs. during the dry season 43% (16,265 eggs) of the eggs were collected whereas during the wet season 57% (21,853 eggs) were collected. ovitraps exposed under eaves, under houses and in the open yard attr ... | 1992 | 1402866 |
| mosquito vector control and biology in latin america--a second symposium. | the second spanish language symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 58th annual meeting in corpus christi, tx in march 1992. the principal objective, as it was for the 1991 symposium, was to increase and stimulate greater participation in the amca by vector control specialists and public health workers from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 25 individual presentations that were given in spanish. the symposium included th ... | 1992 | 1402870 |
| penetration of the mosquito (aedes aegypti) midgut wall by the ookinetes of plasmodium gallinaceum. | we observed plasmodium gallinaceum ookinetes in both intracellular and intercellular positions in the midgut epithelium of the mosquito aedes aegypti. after epithelial cell invasion intracellular ookinetes lacked a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane and were surrounded solely by their own pellicle. thus, the ookinete in the midgut epithelium of the mosquito differs from erythrocytic and hepatic stages in that the parasite in the vertebrate host is surrounded by a vacuole. the midgut epithelial cy ... | 1992 | 1403980 |
| experimental wuchereria bancrofti infection of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. | laboratory-derived females of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti were experimentally infected with wuchereria bancrofti by allowing the insects to feed on infected volunteers of known microfilariae density between 24.00 and 2.00 hours. of the 240 mosquitoes used for the experiments only 67 (55.8%) of c. quinquefasciatus and 83 (69.2%) of the ae.aegypti actually fed on the volunteers' blood. after 16 days post-infection period, 50 (74.62%) of the engorged c. quinquefasciatus harboured infec ... | 1992 | 1416219 |
| development of specific ria and elisa to study trypsin modulating oostatic factor in mosquitoes. | trypsin modulating oostatic factor (tmof), a decapeptide (h-ydpapppppp-oh) that signals the termination of trypsinlike enzyme biosynthesis in the mosquito midgut, was covalently bound to keyhole limpet hemocyanin using n-hydroxysuccinimide and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbits against this conjugate were used to develop specific ria and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect the peptide hormone in female aedes aegypti. tmof and its analogs tmof(b) (h- ... | 1992 | 1421442 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum: antibodies to circumsporozoite protein prevent sporozoites from invading the salivary glands of aedes aegypti. | a circumsporozoite protein-specific monoclonal antibody (n2h6d5) was injected into malaria-infected mosquitoes to determine its effect on the sporogonic cycle. after injection of antibody into mosquitoes (100 ng each), positive immunofluorescence (measured on air-dried sporozoites) reactions in hemolymph extracts were observed at a dilution of 1:1000. at 72 hr postinjection the levels dropped to 1:10. sporozoites coinjected with antibody did not invade the salivary glands. in naturally infected ... | 1992 | 1426132 |
| influence of temperature on developmental parameters of the parasite/host system edhazardia aedis (microsporida: amblyosporidae) and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | larvae of aedes aegypti, transovarially infected with edhazardia aedis, were reared between 20 and 36 degrees c to determine the influence of temperature on the development of the parasite and the infected host. development of the parasite was evaluated based on spore yield and size. the predicted optimum temperature for maximum spore production of e. aedis in a. aegypti was 30.8 degrees c. the results demonstrate that the e. aedis-a. aegypti system has a wide temperature tolerance; whereas spor ... | 1992 | 1431195 |
| effect of per os edhazardia aedis (microsporida: amblyosporidae) infection on aedes aegypti mortality and body size. | infection with edhazardia aedis uninucleate spores had less effect on aedes aegypti larval mortality and adult body size than did larval diet. larval mortality averaged 60-81% in starved larvae and 2-16% in well-fed larvae. no significant amounts of larval mortality could consistently be attributed to exposure to the parasite at dosages of 1.5 x 10(3) or 1.5 x 10(5) spores/ml. infection rates in adults surviving exposure to the parasites as larvae ranged from 30 to 59%. infected adults had signi ... | 1992 | 1431854 |
| variation in aedes aegypti larval indices over a one year period in a neighborhood of mérida, yucatán, méxico. | surveys for aedes aegypti larvae were conducted to provide an estimate of the magnitude and timing of seasonal variations in larval indices in one colonia in mérida, yucatán, méxico, and to assess how the proportion of disposable and non-disposable containers as larval production sites varies. breteau indices exceeded 200 during the months of july and august, and disposable containers were important year-round larval production sites. | 1992 | 1431864 |
| [the susceptibility of mosquitoes for plasmodium gallinaceum in the joint use of biologically active substances]. | making use of a model pair aedes aegypti--plasmodium gallinaceum, the authors assess the susceptibility of mosquito female survivors to malaria agent after treatment of larvae with various bioactive substances. eight binary combinations of 6 preparations have been tried: dimilin and uvemon, insect development regulators; fundosol and copper sulfate, fungicides; phytobacteriomicin (pbm), a larvicidal antibiotic; bactoculicide, a bacterial agent. combinations of pbm with compounds differing by the ... | 1992 | 1435576 |
| structure determination and toxicity of a new microcystin from microcystis aeruginosa strain 205. | a new hepatotoxic microcystin was isolated from the cyanobacterium microcystis aeruginosa strain 205. its structure was found to be [dha7]microcystin-rr as determined by amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry and 1h nmr spectroscopy. ld50 value (i.p. mouse) of this toxin was 180 micrograms/kg. the 48 hr lethal concentration (48-hr-lc50) of the toxin for larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, was 14.9 micrograms/ml. | 1992 | 1440646 |
| dengue 1 epidemic in french polynesia, 1988-1989: surveillance and clinical, epidemiological, virological and serological findings in 1752 documented clinical cases. | an epidemic of dengue 1 occurred in french polynesia in december 1988 and june 1989. this paper records (i) the trend of the outbreak and its surveillance and (ii) the clinical, epidemiological and virological data obtained from 1752 documented cases. the epidemic reached its peak in february in tahiti island, 7 weeks after its recognition. among 6034 suspect cases reported by sentinel physicians, 60.3% were < 20 years old. the illness was classical dengue. no fatality or case of dengue haemorrh ... | 1992 | 1440788 |
| evaluation of synergism among bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | a simple test for synergism among toxins is described and applied to previously reported data on independent and joint toxicities of insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis. the analysis shows synergism between a 27-kda (cyta) toxin and 130- or 65-kda (cryiv) toxins from b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against aedes aegypti larvae. no positive synergism between 130- and 65-kda toxins or among three cryia toxins tested against seven species of lepidoptera occurred. comparisons with ... | 1992 | 1444368 |
| opposite influences of host anaemia on blood feeding rate and fecundity of mosquitoes. | we tested a theoretical model based on the physics of capillary flow and confirmed that anaemia accelerates blood intake in the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.). we also investigated the influence of anaemic blood on egg production of mosquitoes and found that it has a negative influence on fecundity. based strictly on egg production and the physics of fluid intake, we propose that although anaemia associated with blood-borne parasites may be detrimental to mosquitoes that can engorge t ... | 1992 | 1454415 |
| on the developmental velocity of wucheria bancrofti larvae in vector mosquitoes of different susceptibility to filarial infections. | the developmental velocity of wucheria bancrofti larvae was investigated in mosquito strains with different susceptibility to this filarial species. high susceptibility of the vector strains favoured fast filarial development, e.g. between 17.1 and 25.9% of all discovered larvae on day 13 p.i. had already migrated to the head and mouth parts of the more and partly even highly susceptible anopheles gambiae, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti, respectively, whereas between 0 and 3.4% ... | 1992 | 1456467 |
| binding of bacillus sphaericus binary toxin to a specific receptor on midgut brush-border membranes from mosquito larvae. | the presence of specific receptors for bacillus sphaericus binary toxin on brush-border membrane fractions (bbmf) from culex pipiens larvae midgut cells was demonstrated by an in vitro binding assay. both activated and radiolabelled polypeptides from the 51-kda and 42-kda binary toxin of b. sphaericus 1593 specifically bound to bbmf. direct binding and homologous competition experiments indicated a single class of b. sphaericus toxin receptors, with a dissociation constant (kd) of approximately ... | 1992 | 1459140 |
| female aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in thailand rarely feed on sugar. | female aedes aegypti (l.) of two different body sizes and provided with different diets (20% sucrose, water only, or 20% sucrose + human blood) were marked and released together in a rural thai village. recaptured marked and unmarked (wild) adults were tested for fructose by the cold-anthrone reaction. both released and wild females showed a low frequency of sugar feeding in nature; both small-bodied and large-bodied individuals failed to sugar feed significantly. marked females released with su ... | 1992 | 1460619 |
| failure of dengue viruses to replicate in culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | culex quinquefasciatus (say) and aedes aegypti (l.) were parenterally infected with dengue viruses and virus replication was monitored at intervals after infection in each species. dengue viruses replicated rapidly in ae. aegypti, reaching a peak titer of 10(6)-10(7) mosquito infectious dose 50 (mid50) per mosquito. in cx. quinquefasciatus, however, dengue virus replication did not occur. we conclude that this mosquito species is refractory to infection with dengue viruses and, therefore, does n ... | 1992 | 1460627 |
| variation in the efficiency of vertical transmission of dengue-1 virus by strains of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | five geographical strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) were compared for their ability to transmit vertically a dengue-1 isolate from jamaica. the oahu strain of ae. albopictus and a strain of aedes aegypti (l.) from the united states were included as controls. the offspring of orally infected females were assayed individually for vertical infection. vertical transmission rates among strains ranged from 11 to 41%, and filial infection rates of strains ranged from 0.5 to 2.9%. filial infection rat ... | 1992 | 1460640 |
| the xxth century dengue pandemic: need for surveillance and research. | by the last decade of the xxth century aedes aegypti and the 4 dengue viruses had spread to nearly all countries of the tropical world. some 2 billion persons live in dengue-endemic areas with tens of millions infected annually. dengue pandemics were also documented in the xviiith and xixth centuries; they were contained by organized anti-aedes aegypti campaigns and urban improvements. the xxth century dengue pandemic has brought with it the simultaneous circulation of multiple serotypes and in ... | 1992 | 1462664 |
| infection of adult mosquitoes by the entomopathogenic fungus erynia conica (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae). | the infection of adult mosquitoes by the entomopathogenic fungus erynia conica is presented for the first time. adult aedes aegypti were exposed to conidial showers from field-collected chaoborid, tipulid and chironomid cadavers for 24 h under conditions of 100% rh and 15 degrees c. up to 24% of the adults were killed by the mycosis. cadavers of ae. aegypti produced conidia that were infective to other adult ae. aegypti; however, rates of infection were never more than 12%. nevertheless, ae. aeg ... | 1992 | 1474381 |
| mosquito size and multiple transmission of avian malaria in the laboratory. | probing mosquitoes salivate before ingesting blood, and malaria sporozoites are transmitted during this phase of feeding. large and small aedes aegypti infected with plasmodium gallinaceum were allowed to probe briefly on a series of 3 naive chicks. large mosquitoes were more infective overall, but there was no difference in the ability of either size class to infect the first host. large mosquitoes were more likely than small mosquitoes to infect more than one host during serial feeding. | 1992 | 1474384 |
| reduction in the susceptibility of aedes aegypti to brugia malayi infection after treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate. | the susceptibility to brugia malayi infections of f2 and f4 progenies of aedes aegypti (black eye strain) treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) was tested. both 3-day-old males and females were treated with 0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.10% ems. control and treated females were then mated with normal or treated males to recover f1 progeny. f2 offspring were derived from sibling intercrosses, and 3 lines were established by further intercross matings to generate the f4. susceptibility in the 0.02 ... | 1992 | 1474390 |
| [molecular cloning and identification of 130kd mosquitocidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti)]. | the location of 130kd mosquitocidal protein gene of bti 4q5 strain on its 75md plasmid was confirmed by southern hybridization using a 18-base oligonucleotide probe. the crystal protein containing the component of 130kd toxic protein was purified. the crystal protein exhibiting the mosquitocidal activity against larvae of aedes aegypti was shown by bioassay. the purified 75md plasmid dna of bti 4q5 strain was completely digested with hindiii restriction enzyme, ligated with the vector puc18 and ... | 1992 | 1481529 |
| further evidence that the genes controlling susceptibility of aedes aegypti to filarial parasites function independently. | comparisons were made of in vivo labeled polypeptides from aedes aegypti strains refractory to either brugia malayi or dirofilaria immitis. there does not seem to be a generalized "anti-parasite" polypeptide response that mosquitoes refractory to filarial worm infection produce following bloodfeeding. instead, it seems that any response produced by these mosquitoes is localized to the tissue in which the filarial parasite develops. | 1992 | 1491306 |
| multiple transmission of plasmodium gallinaceum (eucoccida: plasmodiidae) during serial probing by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) on several hosts. | mosquitoes salivate before ingesting blood, and sporozoites are transmitted during this phase of feeding. in the laboratory, malaria-infected aedes aegypti were allowed to probe on a series of three chicks during a 5-min period. probing on each host was interrupted after 10 s. our results demonstrate that up to three hosts can be serially infected with avian malaria during a 5-min period. | 1992 | 1495052 |
| laboratory evaluation of brazilian mesocyclops (copepoda: cyclopidae) for mosquito control. | in laboratory tests, four different strains of mesocyclops aspericornis (daday) collected in or near fortaleza, brazil, showed potential as biological control agents of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquito larvae but were not as effective against anopheles or culex. in contrast, the larger m. longisetus (thiebaud), collected at fortaleza, killed 100% of ae. aegypti and anopheles farauti (laveran) (no. 1) at larval densities of 200/liter and culex quinquefasciatus (say) at 25/liter. in cage simulations wi ... | 1992 | 1495067 |
| brugia malayi: ivermectin inhibits the exsheathment of microfilariae. | brugia malayi-infected microfilaremic jirds (meriones unguiculatus) were treated with ivermectin at a single dose of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight injected subcutaneously. susceptible aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed on treated jirds 24 hours later. mosquitoes fed on untreated jirds served as controls. infected mosquitoes were dissected at 1, 3, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr after the blood meal, and differential counts of sheathed microfilariae, exsheathed microfilariae, and cast sheaths were perfo ... | 1992 | 1539753 |
| dengue fever: a resurgent risk for the international traveler. | the incidence of dengue fever, an acute febrile illness transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito, is on the rise. high fever, severe headache, skin rash and a variety of constitutional symptoms are hallmarks of classic dengue fever. dengue hemorrhagic fever, a severe manifestation associated with secondary infection, most often occurs in children. treatment of classic dengue fever is supportive, whereas urgent rehydration therapy is often required in more severe forms. community-based and perso ... | 1992 | 1543101 |
| blood vessel location time by anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). | probing behavior of anopheles stephensi liston is characterized by the following: the first probe is longer than subsequent ones, the probability of blood location rises initially and then falls, and blood vessel location is deterministic. the overall probing behavior of an. stephensi, therefore, is similar to that of aedes aegypti (l.); i.e., differences between them were quantitative and may be accounted for by different levels of salivary apyrase and different experimental vertebrate hosts. | 1992 | 1552520 |
| on the infectivity of early third-stage brugia larvae isolated from the abdomen of aedes aegypti. | third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and b. pahangi are known to be recovered not only from the head and thorax but also from the abdomen of dissected vector mosquitoes. for epidemiological reasons, was of interest to determine whether l3 larvae from the abdomen of the vector would be infectious for the final host. early abdominal l3 larvae of b. pahangi isolated as early as on day 7 post-infection (p.i.) from aedes aegypti were injected s.c. into five male meriones ung ... | 1992 | 1584752 |
| developmentally regulated infectivity of malaria sporozoites for mosquito salivary glands and the vertebrate host. | sporozoites are an invasive stage of the malaria parasite in both the mosquito vector and the vertebrate host. we developed an in vivo assay for mosquito salivary gland invasion by preparing plasmodium gallinaceum sporozoites from infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes under physiological conditions and inoculating them into uninfected female ae. aegypti. sporozoites from mature oocysts were isolated from mosquito abdomens 10 or 11 d after an infective blood meal. salivary gland sporozoites were isol ... | 1992 | 1588284 |
| the role of the mosquito peritrophic membrane in bloodmeal digestion and infectivity of plasmodium species. | secretion and luminal formation of the peritrophic membrane (pm) were induced in female anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti by feeding the mosquitoes on a warmed suspension of latex particles in ringer's solution. the pm in a. stephensi was produced from apical secretion vesicles stored in the midgut epithelial cells and secreted into the lumen during feeding. in a. aegypti, the pm was formed de novo. when the latex feeding was followed 24 hr later by a meal of lyophilized pig blood, the 2 mos ... | 1992 | 1597785 |