Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| texas lifestyle limits transmission of dengue virus. | urban dengue is common in most countries of the americas, but has been rare in the united states for more than half a century. in 1999 we investigated an outbreak of the disease that affected nuevo laredo, tamaulipas, mexico, and laredo, texas, united states, contiguous cities that straddle the international border. the incidence of recent cases, indicated by immunoglobulin m antibody serosurvey, was higher in nuevo laredo, although the vector, aedes aegypti, was more abundant in laredo. environ ... | 2003 | 12533286 |
| cloning and characterization of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteases from the midgut of the sand fly vector phlebotomus papatasi. | trypsin and chymotrypsin serine proteases are the main digestive proteases in diptera midguts and are also involved in many aspects of the vector-parasite relationship. in sand flies, these proteases have been shown to be a potential barrier to leishmania growth and development within the midgut. here we describe the sequence and partial characterization of six phlebotomus papatasi midgut serine proteases: two chymotrypsin-like (ppchym1 and ppchym2) and four trypsin-like (pptryp1-pptryp4). all s ... | 2003 | 12535675 |
| from est sequence to spider silk spinning: identification and molecular characterisation of nephila senegalensis major ampullate gland peroxidase nspox. | spider dragline silk is renowned as one of the toughest materials of its kind. in nature, spider silks are spun out of aqueous solutions under environmental conditions. this is in contrast to production of most synthetic fibres, where hazardous solvents, high temperatures and pressure are used. in order to identify some of the chemical processes involved in spider silk spinning, we have produced a collection of cdna sequences from specific regions of nephila senegalensis major ampullate gland. w ... | 2003 | 12535681 |
| a hat trick--plasmodium, anopheles and homo. | the genomes of the malaria parasite, its vector and its host are now sequenced. this has been a tremendous scientific achievement. but will it offer hope to the millions who die from malaria each year? yes, but only if combined with political will and social change. | 2003 | 12537542 |
| the genomics of insecticide resistance. | genomic technologies are revealing several mechanisms of insecticide resistance involving enhanced detoxification or reduced target-site sensitivity that had previously defied molecular analyses. genome projects are also revealing some potentially far-reaching consequences for pest-insect genomes of the rapid accumulation of multiple resistance mutations in very short periods of evolutionary time. | 2003 | 12540295 |
| evaluation of polymer-based granular formulations of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis against larval aedes aegypti in the laboratory. | a strategy to increase residual activity of bacillus thuringiensis serovar. israelensis (bti) extract through slow-release formulations and protection from solar radiation was studied. the median lethal concentration (lc50) and 90% lethal concentration (lc90) levels of laboratory-reared early 4th-stage larval aedes aegypti after exposure to bti extract were determined. formulations with 4 polymers and 1 solar protectant were prepared, and their shelf lives were evaluated for year-long storage at ... | 2002 | 12542194 |
| isolation and expression of a sterol carrier protein-2 gene from the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | trafficking of cholesterol in insects is a very important process due to the fact that insects depend on dietary cholesterol to fulfil their physiological needs. we identified a putative mosquito sterol carrier protein-2 (scp-2) cdna from fourth instar subtracted cdna library. the aescp-2 protein has high degree homology in the sterol transfer domain to both rat and human scp-2. transcripts of aescp-2 in fourth instars were detected strongly in the midgut, and weakly in the head and hindgut. in ... | 2003 | 12542635 |
| characterization of three toll-like genes from mosquito aedes aegypti. | three toll-related genes (aetoll1a, aetoll1b and aetoll5) were cloned and characterized from the yellow fever vector mosquito, aedes aegypti. all three genes exhibited high levels of amino acid sequence similarity with drosophila melanogaster (dm)toll1 and dmtehao (toll5). aetoll1a and aetoll1b are 1124 and 1076 amino acid residues long, respectively. both contain a carboxyl extension downstream of the toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir) domain. aetoll5 is 1007 residues long and, like dmtehao, lac ... | 2003 | 12542637 |
| mosquito (aedes aegypti ) aquaporin, present in tracheolar cells, transports water, not glycerol, and forms orthogonal arrays in xenopus oocyte membranes. | previous results showed that mrna encoding a putative aquaporin (aqp) (genbank accession number af218314) is present in the tracheolar cells associated with female aedes aegypti malpighian tubules. in this study, immunohistochemistry detected the protein, aeaaqp, also in tracheolar cells, suggesting its involvement in water movement in the respiratory system. when expressed in xenopus oocytes, aeaaqp increased the osmotic water permeability from 15 x 10(-6) to 150 x 10(-6) m x s-1, which was inh ... | 2003 | 12542692 |
| laboratory evaluation of vectobac as against aedes aegypti in monterrey, nuevo león, mexico. | intensive use of the organophosphate insecticide malathion against adults and temephos against larvae of aedes aegypti in mexico over the past 30 years has led to problems requiring the use of new larvicides. toward this objective, bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti), a target-specific and environmentally safer control agent, was evaluated. laboratory bioassays were done to determine the susceptibility of 2nd- and 3rd-stage larvae of ae. aegypti to vectobac 12 as (aqueous suspension, 6 ... | 2002 | 12545970 |
| fast and slow blood-feeding durations of aedes aegypti mosquitoes in trinidad. | the duration of blood feeding by similar-sized aedes aegypti (l.) was determined under laboratory conditions in trinidad, west indies. ae. aegypti from the f0 generation contained individuals that fed quickly (106.2 seconds) as well as slowly (330.0 seconds). among the fast feeders (<2 min), the time taken for blood feeding during the first gonotrophic cycle was much shorter than that observed for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th gonotrophic cycles. in contrast, among the slow feeders the time taken was muc ... | 2002 | 12546453 |
| field evaluation of cypermethrin and cyfluthrin against dengue vectors in a housing estate in malaysia. | cynoff 25ulv (cypermethrin 25 g/l) and solfac ul015 (cyfluthrin 1.5% w/v) were evaluated against the sentinel sugar-fed adults and 4th-instar larvae of aedes aegypti in a housing estate endemic of dengue in malaysia. the impact of both pyrethroids on field populations of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti larvae was monitored weekly using bottle containers. both cynoff 25ulv and solfac ul015 showed adulticidal effects and larvicidal effects. this field trial using cynoff 25ulv against dengue vec ... | 2002 | 12546459 |
| isolation of a pseudomonas fluorescens metabolite/exotoxin active against both larvae and pupae of vector mosquitoes. | a formulation was developed from the metabolite(s) of a novel pseudomonas fluorescens migula strain (vcrc b426) and tested against 4th-instar larvae and pupae of three species of vector mosquitoes, anopheles stephensi liston, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti (l). the larvae and pupae of an. stephensi were the most susceptible to the formulation, followed by those of c. quinquefasciatus and ae. aegypti, in that order, and the dosage requirement for pupal mortality was less than that r ... | 2003 | 12558096 |
| social exploitation of vitellogenin. | vitellogenin is a female-specific glucolipoprotein yolk precursor produced by all oviparous animals. vitellogenin expression is under hormonal control, and the protein is generally synthesized directly before yolk deposition. in the honeybee (apis mellifera), vitellogenin is not only synthesized by the reproductive queen, but also by the functionally sterile workers. in summer, the worker population consists of a hive bee group performing a multitude of tasks including nursing inside the nest, a ... | 2003 | 12566563 |
| recombinant strain of bacillus thuringiensis producing cyt1a, cry11b, and the bacillus sphaericus binary toxin. | a novel recombinant bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain that produces the b. sphaericus binary toxin, cyt1aa, and cry11ba is described. the toxicity of this strain (50% lethal concentration [lc(50)] = 1.7 ng/ml) against fourth-instar culex quinquefasciatus was higher than that of b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis ips-82 (lc(50) = 7.9 ng/ml) or b. sphaericus 2362 (lc(50) = 12.6 ng/ml). | 2003 | 12571069 |
| fipronil metabolism and dissipation in a simplified aquatic ecosystem. | several phenylpyrazole derivatives are selective inhibitors of chloride channel activities in insects. in this chemical family, fipronil is a powerful insecticide now widely used for several purposes. the dissipation of this molecule in a simplified aquatic ecosystem has been studied for 3 months, using (14)c-labeled fipronil. the main features of the complex process leading to fipronil transformation in this system were the following. the fipronil aqueous solution was submitted to two chemical ... | 2003 | 12590480 |
| meliternatin: a feeding deterrent and larvicidal polyoxygenated flavone from melicope subunifoliolata. | we screened more than 60 malaysian plants against two species of insects and found that melicope subunifoliolata (stapf) t.g. hartley (rutaceae) showed strong feeding deterrent activity against sitophilus zeamais motsch. (curculionidae) and very good larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti l. (diptera). one anti-insect compound, meliternatin (3,5-dimethoxy-3',4',6,7-bismethylendioxyflavone) (6) and six other minor polyoxygenated flavones were isolated from m. subunifoliolata. | 2003 | 12591266 |
| relish-mediated immune deficiency in the transgenic mosquito aedes aegypti. | the lack of genetic means has been a serious limitation in studying mosquito immunity. we generated relish-mediated immune deficiency (rmid) by transforming aedes aegypti with the delta rel transgene driven by the vitellogenin (vg) promoter using the pbac[3xp3-egfp, afm] vector. a stable transformed line had a single copy of the vg-delta rel transgene. the vg-delta rel transgene expression was highly activated by blood feeding, and transgenic mosquitoes were extremely susceptible to the infectio ... | 2003 | 12594340 |
| vector competence of australian mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) for japanese encephalitis virus. | australian mosquitoes were evaluated for their ability to become infected with and transmit a torres strait strain of japanese encephalitis virus. mosquitoes, which were obtained from either laboratory colonies and collected using centers for disease control and prevention light traps baited with co2 and octenol or reared from larvae, were infected by feeding on a blood/sucrose solution containing 10(4.5 +/- 0.1) porcine stable-equine kidney (ps-ek) tissue culture infectious dose50/mosquito of t ... | 2003 | 12597658 |
| antifungal, antioxidant and larvicidal activities of compounds isolated from the heartwood of mansonia gagei. | eleven compounds isolated from the heartwood of mansonia gagei were tested for their antifungal activities against cladosporium cucumerinum and candida albicans, as well as for their larvicidal activities against aedes aegypti and radical scavenging properties in a dpph assay. mansonone c (4) was found to be the most interesting compound with antifungal activities against cladosporium cucumerinum and candida albicans as well as for its larvicidal properties against aedes aegypti. mansonone e (5) ... | 2003 | 12601687 |
| determination of 'irritant' threshold concentrations for intradermal testing with allergenic insect extracts in normal horses. | sixteen healthy horses with no history of skin or respiratory disease were used for an intradermal testing (idt) threshold study, in order to determine the concentrations of 13 commercial allergenic insect extracts most appropriate for idt. five dilutions of each extract were used, which included the manufacturer's recommended concentrations for equine idt, plus one dilution higher and three lower than these standard concentrations. allergens tested included caddisfly (trichoptera spp.), mayfly ... | 2003 | 12603683 |
| sex-specific and blood meal-induced proteins of anopheles gambiae midguts: analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. | anopheles gambiae is the main vector of plasmodium falciparum in africa. the mosquito midgut constitutes a barrier that the parasite must cross if it is to develop and be transmitted. despite the central role of the mosquito midgut in the host/parasite interaction, little is known about its protein composition. characterisation of an. gambiae midgut proteins may identify the proteins that render an. gambiae receptive to the malaria parasite. | 2003 | 12605724 |
| a potential role for phenylalanine hydroxylase in mosquito immune responses. | in mosquitoes the melanotic encapsulation immune response is an important resistance mechanism against filarial worms and malaria parasites. the rate limiting substrate for melanin production is tyrosine that is hydroxylated by phenoloxidase (po) to produce 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine. the single pathway for endogenous production of tyrosine is by hydroxylation of phenylalanine by phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah). in this study we describe a potential role for pah in melanotic immune responses in ... | 2003 | 12609519 |
| beenomes to bombyx: future directions in applied insect genomics. | the recent sequencing of the anopheles gambiae genome showcases the genetic breadth of insects and a trend towards sequencing organisms directly involved with human welfare. we describe traits in other insect species that make them important candidates for genomics projects, and review several recent workshops aimed at uniting researchers working with insect species to efficiently address problems in medicine, biotechnology, and agriculture. | 2003 | 12620096 |
| vector competence of brazilian aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus for a brazilian yellow fever virus isolate. | because the potential urban yellow fever (yf) mosquito vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are at historical highs in brazil, both in terms of density and geographical range, we assessed the risk of an urban yf epidemic in brazil. we evaluated and confirmed in a laboratory setting the vector competence of brazilian ae. aegypti for a currently circulating strain of yf virus, and investigated the potential for brazilian ae. albopictus to transmit yf. | 2002 | 12625133 |
| control of the aedes vectors of the dengue viruses and wuchereria bancrofti: the french polynesian experience. | in most of the 130 islands of french polynesia, the stenotopic mosquitoes aedes aegypti (the main local vector for the viruses causing dengue) and aedes polynesiensis (the main local vector of wuchereria bancrofti) share many breeding sites in water containers such as discarded cans, coconut shells, buckets and water-storage pots and drums. in addition to selective application of insecticides, non-polluting methods of controlling these mosquitoes have been evaluated during the last decade in two ... | 2002 | 12625924 |
| american genotype structures decrease dengue virus output from human monocytes and dendritic cells. | the dengue virus type 2 structures probably involved in human virulence were previously defined by sequencing the complete genome of both american and southeast (se) asian genotype templates in patient serum (k. c. leitmeyer et al., j. virol. 73:4738-4747, 1999). we have now evaluated the effects of introducing a mutation in the envelope glycoprotein (e) gene and/or replacement of 5'- and 3'-nontranslated regions on dengue virus replication in human primary cell cultures. a series of chimeric in ... | 2003 | 12634353 |
| diverse dengue type 2 virus populations contain recombinant and both parental viruses in a single mosquito host. | envelope (e) protein genes sampled from populations of dengue 2 (den-2) virus in individual aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in serum from dengue patients were copied to cdna, cloned, and sequenced. the nucleotide sequences of the e genes in more than 70% of the clones differed from the consensus sequence for the corresponding virus population at up to 11 sites, and 24 of the 94 clones contained at least one stop codon. virus populations recovered up to 2 years apart yielded clones with similar poly ... | 2003 | 12634407 |
| observations on the swarming and mating behaviour of anopheles funestus from southern mozambique. | control of malaria by the release of genetically modified mosquitoes refractory to transmission is now becoming a possibility. in many areas of africa, anopheles gambiae is found together with an equally important vector, an. funestus. given their sympatry and the likelihood of a similar mating period some aspects of the mating behaviour of an. gambiae s.l. and an. funestus are likely to differ. we therefore attempted to characterise the swarming behaviour of an. funestus and to determine if any ... | 2003 | 12636875 |
| low oral receptivity for dengue type 2 viruses of aedes albopictus from southeast asia compared with that of aedes aegypti. | dengue hemorrhagic fever has been a major health problem in asia since the 1950s. during this period, the former principal vector of dengue viruses in asia, aedes albopictus, was replaced by aedes aegypti in most major cities of the area. ae. aegypti is now considered the main vector of dengue viruses in asia. surprisingly, however, this mosquito has been described as having a relatively low oral receptivity for dengue viruses compared with ae. albopictus. in the present study, we compared the r ... | 2003 | 12641412 |
| dengue and its vectors in thailand: calculated transmission risk from total pupal counts of aedes aegypti and association of wing-length measurements with aspects of the larval habitat. | working in a village dengue focus in chachoengsao province, thailand, aedine mosquito larvae and pupae were counted in all containers of 10 houses per month. the wings of female aedes aegypti (l.) emerging from pupae were measured. number of pupae and size of emerging females increased in containers with qualities that favored availability of larval food sources (e.g., uncovered containers). the small size of most mosquitoes compared with those raised in the laboratory indicated that the larval ... | 2003 | 12641413 |
| amplification of the sylvatic cycle of dengue virus type 2, senegal, 1999-2000: entomologic findings and epidemiologic considerations. | after 8 years of silence, dengue virus serotype 2 (denv-2) reemerged in southeastern senegal in 1999. sixty-four denv-2 strains were isolated in 1999 and 9 strains in 2000 from mosquitoes captured in the forest gallery and surrounding villages. isolates were obtained from previously described vectors, aedes furcifer, ae. taylori, ae. luteocephalus, and--for the first time in senegal--from ae. aegypti and ae. vittatus. a retrospective analysis of sylvatic denv-2 outbreaks in senegal during the la ... | 2003 | 12643833 |
| isolation and properties of floral defensins from ornamental tobacco and petunia. | the flowers of the solanaceous plants ornamental tobacco (nicotiana alata) and petunia (petunia hybrida) produce high levels of defensins during the early stages of development. in contrast to the well-described seed defensins, these floral defensins are produced as precursors with c-terminal prodomains of 27 to 33 amino acids in addition to a typical secretion signal peptide and central defensin domain of 47 or 49 amino acids. defensins isolated from n. alata and petunia flowers lack the c-term ... | 2003 | 12644678 |
| development of an orally infectious sindbis virus transducing system that efficiently disseminates and expresses green fluorescent protein in aedes aegypti. | we have constructed an orally infectious sindbis virus, me2/5'2j/gfp, that expresses green fluorescent protein (gfp) in the midgut of aedes aegypti and in other tissues as the virus disseminates. this virus has two unique features that are improvements over the sin-based expression systems currently used in mosquitoes. first, a subgenomic rna promoter and gfp coding sequence is located 5'- to the second subgenomic promoter and structural genes of the virus. second, the e2 glycoprotein gene of te ... | 2003 | 12653932 |
| a model of dengue fever. | dengue is a disease which is now endemic in more than 100 countries of africa, america, asia and the western pacific. it is transmitted to the man by mosquitoes (aedes) and exists in two forms: dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. the disease can be contracted by one of the four different viruses. moreover, immunity is acquired only to the serotype contracted and a contact with a second serotype becomes more dangerous. | 2003 | 12657162 |
| rapid phagocytosis and melanization of bacteria and plasmodium sporozoites by hemocytes of the mosquito aedes aegypti. | mosquitoes are vectors of many deadly and debilitating pathogens. in the current study, we used light and electron microscopies to study the immune response of aedes aegypti hemocytes to bacterial inoculations, plasmodium gallinaceum natural infections, and latex bead injections. after challenge, mosquitoes mounted strong phagocytic and melanization responses. granulocytes phagocytosed bacteria singly or pooled them inside large membrane-delimited vesicles. phagocytosis of bacteria, plasmodium s ... | 2003 | 12659304 |
| [aedes aegypti, vector of the dengue virus: spatio-temporal structure of its genetic variation]. | aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue viruses. methods for limiting the spread of dengue outbreaks are currently based on vector control. estimates of population genetic organization and gene flow with respect to vector capacity have provided great insights into dengue epidemiology. in vietnam, dengue hemorrhagic fever was detected in the 1950's and becomes today the major problem of public health. among factors influencing dengue epidemiology, ecological disturbances have a direct impact o ... | 2002 | 12669664 |
| spatial distribution of the larval indices of aedes aegypti in guadalupe, nuevo león, mexico, with circular distribution analysis. | a census of all outdoor larval breeding sites (951) present in 361 dwellings in a neighborhood of guadalupe in northeastern mexico was conducted in october 1997 to determine larval indices of aedes aegypti, and their relationship to human population density and vegetation type. here we present a method that allows finding the direction and extrapolar flight range of vectors, as parameters in the dynamics of dengue transmission. by using circular statistics applied to each block of data, ranges ( ... | 2003 | 12674529 |
| field evaluation of a smoke-generating formulation containing beta-cypermethrin against the dengue vector in argentina. | previous results from laboratory and prefield assays obtained by our laboratory indicated that the fumigant canister cipein pf-7 (bolate) a smoke-generating formulation containing 5% beta-cypermethrin, has excellent performance as an adulticide for aedes aegypti control. a field trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of cipein pf-7 to control adult mosquitoes of ae. aegypti inside houses. the trial was carried out in colonia delicia, a locality of 4,750 inhabitants, located in misio ... | 2003 | 12674535 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin applied by three spray application methods for emergency control of aedes aegypti in costa rica. | an extended duration formulation of lambda-cyhalothrin (icon cs) applied as either an ultra-low volume (ulv) or thermal fog spray from a new hand-held sprayer (twin-fog) or as a low-volume spray (lv) from a backpack mist blower against aedes aegypti was evaluated in costa rica. spray applications were made at the front door for 1 min or to each room for 15 sec for the ulv and lv, and thermal fog applications were made to houses in separate blocks for each treatment. the efficacy and duration of ... | 2003 | 12674536 |
| bioactivity of selected plant essential oils against the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti larvae. | the bioactivity of 14 essential oils from five plants has been studied using the brine shrimp lethality test and the aedes aegypti larvicidal assay. all essential oils screened had lc50 values smaller than 200 microg/ml, showing significant lethality against brine shrimp. in addition, nine of the 14 essential oils tested showed toxicity against the fourth-instar a. aegypti larvae in 24 h (lc50<100 microg/ml). of these, the leaf and bark essential oils of cryptomeria japonica demonstrated high la ... | 2003 | 12676507 |
| detection of lysozyme-like enzymatic activity secreted by an immune-responsive mosquito cell line. | using molecular approaches, we have recently shown that the c7-10 mosquito cell line from aedes albopictus, and the aag-2 line from aedes aegypti, secrete a variety of immune peptides into the culture medium, including cecropins, defensins, transferrin, and lysozyme. the diversity of these peptides makes it difficult to quantify the relative activities of each molecule, because possible synergistic interactions may occur. using a microtiter plate assay with live bacteria, we now show that c7-10 ... | 2003 | 12676552 |
| differential susceptibility of aedes aegypti to infection by the american and southeast asian genotypes of dengue type 2 virus. | outbreaks of dengue hemorrhagic fever have coincided with the introduction of the southeast (se) asian genotype of dengue type 2 virus in the western hemisphere. this introduced genotype appears to be rapidly displacing the indigenous, american genotype of dengue 2 virus throughout the region. these field observations raise the possibility that the se asian genotype of dengue 2 is better adapted for vector transmission than its american counterpart. to evaluate this hypothesis, we compared the a ... | 2001 | 12680353 |
| antigenic relationships between adult and larval anopheles tessellatus midgut glycoproteins and the midguts of other vector mosquitoes. | glycoproteins expressed on the surface of midgut (mg) epithelium and the peritrophic matrix (pm) of vector mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are candidate molecules for interacting with pathogens. antisera produced against anopheles tessellatus theobald female mg lectin-binding proteins (concanavalin a and wheat germ agglutinin) were used in western blots to investigate mg/pm antigenic relationships between adult and larval an. tessellatus and with the mg glycoproteins of other vector mosquitoes: ... | 2003 | 12680921 |
| pyrethroid and ddt cross-resistance in aedes aegypti is correlated with novel mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene. | samples of the dengue vector mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) were collected from 13 localities between 1995 and 1998. two laboratory strains, bora (french polynesia) and aeae, were both susceptible to ddt and permethrin; all other strains, except larentuka (indonesia) and bouaké (ivory coast), contained individual fourth-instar larvae resistant to permethrin. ten strains were subjected to a range of biochemical assays. many strains had elevated carboxylesterase activity compared ... | 2003 | 12680930 |
| persistent transovarial infection of successive generations of aedes aegypti mosquitoes with dengue-3 virus. | 2003 | 12685627 | |
| resistance of aedes aegypti to organophosphates in several municipalities in the state of rio de janeiro and espírito santo, brazil. | chemical insecticides have been widely used in brazil for several years. this exposes mosquito populations to an intense selection pressure for resistance to insecticides. in 1999, the brazilian national health foundation started the first program designed to monitor the resistance of aedes aegypti to insecticides. we analyzed populations from 10 municipalities (from 84 selected in brazil) in the states of rio de janeiro and espírito santo. exposure of larvae to a diagnostic dose of temephos sho ... | 2003 | 12685640 |
| larvicidal and chemosterilant activity of the acetone fraction of petroleum ether extract from argemone mexicana l seed. | the acetone fraction of the petroleum ether extract of seeds from argemone mexicana l. exhibited larvicidal and growth inhibiting activity against the second instar larvae of aedes aegypti (linn). this activity occurred at higher concentrations (200, 100, 50 and 25 ppm). chemosterilant activity, including reduction in blood meal utilization (27.70%), reduction in fecundity (19.00%), formation of larval-pupal intermediates, formation of pupal-adult intermediates, adult mortality and sterility of ... | 2003 | 12699943 |
| [a challenge for the public health system in brazil: dengue control]. | this article presents a critical analysis of the traditional strategy used to control aedes aegypti using "health surveillance patrols", with periodic visits to all urban buildings. the strategy is not viable and/or is administratively unfeasible at present, since it has been proposed since the 1980s but has not been implemented. brazilian health reform prioritized the expansion of coverage for basic health services, and not measures to control specific diseases. a. aegypti, which was reintroduc ... | 2003 | 12700811 |
| dengue fever in travelers to the tropics, 1998 and 1999. | dengue fever (df) has become common in western travelers to the tropics. to improve the basis for travel advice, risk factors and dengue manifestations were assessed in 107 swedish patients for whom df was diagnosed after return from travel in 1998 and 1999. patient data were compared with data on a sample of all swedish travelers to dengue-endemic countries in the same years. only three of the patients had received pretravel advice concerning df from their physicians. hemorrhagic manifestations ... | 0 | 12702223 |
| mice genetically deficient in immunoglobulin e are more permissive hosts than wild-type mice to a primary, but not secondary, infection with the filarial nematode brugia malayi. | primary and secondary murine and human infections with brugia malayi are characterized by substantial increases in levels of immunoglobulin e (ige). to investigate whether this is necessary for worm clearance, ige(-/-) mice were subjected to primary- and secondary-infection protocols. following a primary infection, ige(-/-) mice displayed a profound deficit in their ability to clear an intraperitoneal injection of l3 infective-stage larvae in comparison to wild-type counterparts and maintained s ... | 2003 | 12704117 |
| [toxicity of the ethanol extract of magonia pubescens on larvae aedes aegypti]. | crude ethanol extracted from magonia pubescens trunks was utilized to prove its effect in the intestinal tract of aedes aegypti 3rd instar larvae. exposure times (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 13 hours) were tested to verify when the morphological alterations begin to occur, in the intestinal tract of the larvae. the toxic effect of the extract was mainly in the midgut, beginning at the anterior midgut and followed through to posterior midgut. the main alterations observed were partial or total cell d ... | 2013 | 12715059 |
| breeding habitats and larval indices of aedes aegypti (l) in residential areas of rajahmundry town, andhra pradesh. | entomological studies on relative prevalence and distribution of adults and immatures of aedes aegypti were conducted in rajahmundry town of andhra pradesh from december 1998 to november 1999. adults and immature stages of aedes aegypti were found in all the 22 localities viz; posh area (8), mixed area (8) and slum area (6) of the town. larval indices were found to be higher in slum areas as compared to mixed or posh areas of the town. however, the larval habitats were observed to be similar in ... | 2002 | 12718342 |
| specific mutations within the alpha4-alpha5 loop of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4b toxin reveal a crucial role for asn-166 and tyr-170. | the widely accepted model for toxicity mechanisms of the bacillus thuringiensis cry delta-endotoxins suggests that helices alpha4 and alpha5 form a helix-loop-helix hairpin structure to initiate membrane insertion and pore formation. in this report, alanine substitutions of two polar amino acids (asn-166 and tyr-170) and one charged residue (glu-171) within the alpha4-alpha5 loop of the 130-kda cry4b mosquito-larvicidal protein were initially made via polymerase chain reaction-based directed mut ... | 2003 | 12721492 |
| synthetic propeptide inhibits mosquito midgut chitinase and blocks sporogonic development of malaria parasite. | incessant transmission of the parasite by mosquitoes makes most attempts to control malaria fail. blocking of parasite transmission by mosquitoes therefore is a rational strategy to combat the disease. upon ingestion of blood meal mosquitoes secrete chitinase into the midgut. this mosquito chitinase is a zymogen which is activated by the removal of a propeptide from the n-terminal. since the midgut peritrophic matrix acts as a physical barrier, the activated chitinase is likely to contribute to ... | 2003 | 12727225 |
| stimulation of jh biosynthesis by the corpora allata of adult female aedes aegypti in vitro: effect of farnesoic acid and aedes allatotropin. | previous studies have demonstrated that the synthesis of juvenile hormone (jh) by the isolated corpora allata (ca) complex in vitro as well as the jh titer in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti are elevated before feeding and low after a blood meal. in the present study, we used an in vitro radiochemical assay to analyze the effect of farnesoic acid (fa) and aedes allatotropin (aedes-at) on the biosynthesis of jh and methyl farnesoate (mf) by the isolated ca complex of a. aegypti adult fema ... | 2003 | 12728004 |
| characterization of flagellar antigens and insecticidal activities of bacillus thuringiensis populations in animal feces. | in total, 287 bacillus thuringiensis isolates, recovered from feces of 28 zoo-maintained animal species, were examined for flagellar (h) antigenicity and insecticidal activity. serologically, 209 isolates (72.8%) were allocated to the 8 h serogroups, 4 were untypable, and 74 were untestable. among the 8 h serotypes detected, h3abc (serovar kurstaki) predominated at a high frequency of 88.0%, followed by h6 (serovar entomocidus) with a frequency of 7.7%. insecticidal activity was associated with ... | 2003 | 12732979 |
| bacillus thuringiensis associated with faeces of the kerama-jika, cervus nippon keramae, a wild deer indigenous to the ryukyus, japan. | faeces of the kerama-jika (cervus nippon keramae), a wild shika deer indigenous to the ryukyus, japan, were examined for the natural occurrence of bacillus thuringiensis. of the ten faecal samples tested, seven contained this organism. the frequency of b. thuringiensis was 8.5% among 387 colonies of spore-forming bacteria belonging to the bacillus cereus/b. thuringiensis group. of 33 b. thuringiensis isolates recovered, only one isolate, assigned to the serotype h3abc (serovar kurstaki), exhibit ... | 2003 | 12746858 |
| synthesis and sar of cis-1-benzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline ligands for control of gene expression in ecdysone responsive systems. | a library of 35 cis-1-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-(phenylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines was prepared. the compounds bore various substitutuents on the benzoyl ring, at the 4-position of the phenylamino ring and at the 6-position of the tetrahydroquinoline ring. the compounds were assayed for their ability to cause expression of a reporter gene downstream of an ecdysone response element in a mammalian cell line engineered to express the ecdysone receptor from aedes aegypti. in general, compounds with ... | 2003 | 12749904 |
| molecular analysis of the serine/threonine kinase akt and its expression in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway, the protein kinase akt, was identified and cloned as a cdna from ovaries of the mosquito aedes aegypti. an ortholog gene was found in the anopheles gambiae genome database, and like other akts, both mosquito akts possess pleckstrin homology domains for membrane binding and a serine/threonine kinase domain. when ae. aegypti ovaries were treated with bovine insulin in vitro, a putative akt was threonine-phosphorylated, as expected for akts. aaegak ... | 2003 | 12752655 |
| analysis of genetic relatedness between populations of aedes aegypti from different geographic regions of são paulo state, brazil. | rapd markers have been used for the analysis of genetic differentiation of aedes aegypti, because they allow the study of genetic relationships among populations. the aim of this study was to identify populations in different geographic regions of the s o paulo state in order to understand the infestation pattern of a. aegypti. the dendrogram constructed with the combined data set of the rapd patterns showed that the mosquitoes were segregated into two major clusters. mosquitoes from the western ... | 2003 | 12754576 |
| isolation of a new flavivirus related to cell fusing agent virus (cfav) from field-collected flood-water aedes mosquitoes sampled from a dambo in central kenya. | cell fusing agent virus (cfav) is an rna insect virus that was isolated from a line of aedes aegypti mosquito cells and has been assigned to the family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus. we report here the first isolation of a cfa-like virus from field-collected mosquitoes. mosquito larvae and pupae were sampled from flooded dambos in central province, kenya during the short rain season of 1999. specimens were reared to adults, identified and pooled by species and were tested for the presence of vi ... | 2003 | 12756616 |
| t cells are required for host protection against brugia malayi but need not produce or respond to interleukin-4. | t cells are known to be required for host protection in mouse models of brugia malayi infection. several independent studies in murine models have also highlighted the rapid induction of th2-like responses after infection with b. malayi or b. pahangi. previous data from our laboratory have described a significant increase in permissiveness in the absence of interleukin-4 (il-4), the "prototypical" th2 cytokine, involved in both the induction and maintenance of th2 responses. these observations l ... | 2003 | 12761087 |
| dispersal of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) in an urban endemic dengue area in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | experimental releases of female aedes (stegomyia) aegypti and aedes (stegomyia) albopictus were performed in august and september 1999, in an urban area of nova igua u, state of rio de janeiro, brazil, to estimate their flight range in a circular area of 1,600 m where 1,472 ovitraps were set. releases of 3,055 ae. aegypti and 2,225 ae. albopictus females, fed with rubidium (rb)-marked blood and surgically prevented from subsequent blood-feeding, were separated by 11 days. rb was detected in ovit ... | 2003 | 12764433 |
| sequential deposition of yolk components during oogenesis in an insect, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | vitellogenesis in aedes aegypti of uniform body size was followed at 27 degrees c in narrow time intervals throughout their first reproductive cycle by measuring the length, diameter, and volume of follicles and oocytes, the latter as an expression of the yolk mass (vitellus). independent of all experimental conditions, a two-step process of elongation was recognized for both follicle length and yolk length, so that growth curves were consistently composed of two linear regressions with differen ... | 2003 | 12770000 |
| the role of hemolymph proline as a nitrogen sink during blood meal digestion by the mosquito aedes aegypti. | mosquitoes utilize the amino acids derived from blood meal protein to produce egg proteins. but the amino acids can also be used to produce egg lipid or can be oxidized for energy production. these latter two processes result in the release of nitrogen as toxic ammonia. therefore, amino acids must be processed in such a way that amino acid nitrogen can be incorporated into non-toxic waste products. proline is the predominant amino acid in the hemolymph of the adult female mosquito aedes aegypti. ... | 2003 | 12770004 |
| a ribosome-free extract from cultured cells improves recovery of polysomes from the mosquito fat body: analysis of vitellogenin and ribosomal protein rpl34 gene expression. | we have examined the association of ribosomal protein rpl34 mrna with polysomes in aedes albopictus c7-10 cells in culture using a simple, two-step sucrose gradient. in growing cells, 40-50% of the ribosomes were engaged on polysomes. this proportion could be increased to 80% when metabolism was stimulated by refeeding the cells with fresh medium. conversely, ribosomes shifted off polysomes when cells were starved with phosphate-buffered saline or cell lysates were treated with puromycin. when s ... | 2002 | 12770046 |
| lipid metabolism during sequential gonotrophic cycles in large and small female aedes aegypti. | the lipid metabolism was investigated during six gonotrophic cycles of aedes aegypti. females of constant body size were analyzed for their total lipid content: large females with a body size of 41.06 (wing length cubed) and small females with 15.63. their lipid contents at eclosion were compared to lipid values after two days of sugar-feeding, shortly before a blood meal, after oviposition, of their total egg batches, and again before the next blood meal, with intermittent access to sugar for t ... | 2002 | 12770082 |
| membrane conductances of principal cells in malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. | two-electrode voltage clamp (tevc) methods were used to explore conductive transport pathways in principal cells, the dominant cell type in malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito. the basolateral membrane of principal cells had a voltage (v(bl)) of -85.1 mv in 49 principal cells under control conditions. measures of the input resistance r(pc) together with membrane fractional resistance yielded estimates of the conductance of the basolateral membrane (g(bl) = 1.48 &mgr;s) and the apical ... | 2002 | 12770112 |
| midgut exopeptidase activities in aedes aegypti are induced by blood feeding. | midgut extracts from aedes aegypti females exhibited hydrolytic activities against synthetic substrates for carboxypeptidase a, carboxyopeptidase b and leucine-aminopeptidase. the three activities showed a broad ph optimum, with maximum activities at ph between 6.5 and 8.5. enzymatic activities were further characterized by testing the effects of a variety of protease inhibitors. captopril and 1-10-phenantroline inhibited the activities of carboxypeptidases a and b, while leuhistin, amastatin an ... | 2002 | 12770120 |
| a temporal profile of the endocrine control of trypsin synthesis in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | trypsin synthesis and secretion is induced after the female mosquito takes a blood meal. its peak activity has been shown to be proportional to the amount and quality of food uptake. further regulatory elements, hormones from the brain and the ovary, increase the synthethic rate of trypsin in the midgut by a factor of two. we investigated the temporal effect of removing the humoral factors by decapitation and ovariectomy. trypsin synthesis was reduced to less than half its normal output when the ... | 1998 | 12770164 |
| ovarian development induced in decapitated female culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes by infusion of physiological quantities of 20-hydroxyecdysone together with amino acids. | infusion of 20-hydroxyecdysone into the hemocoel of unfed decapitated female culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes, at a very low rate of 500-2000pg per day, often stimulated oögenesis of this species, when the hormone was infused together with amino acids. the hormone alone or amino acids alone showed no such stimulatory effect. previous reports that using an abdomen ligated immediately after a blood meal for hormone injection reduced the quantity of 20-hydroxyecdysone needed to activate unfed femal ... | 1998 | 12770172 |
| oscillations of voltage and resistance in malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. | the transepithelial voltage (v(t)) of isolated malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti spontaneously oscillates in more than half the tubules. typically, v(t) decreases and then rises at a frequency of 2 oscillations/min with a duration of 16 s. in 6 isolated perfused tubules studied in detail, v(t) oscillates between 50.5 mv and 15.7 mv in parallel with (1) oscillations of the transepithelial resistance (r(t)) between 7.61 komegacm and 3.63 komegacm, (2) oscillations of th ... | 2000 | 12770237 |
| intracellular and luminal ph measurements of malpighian tubules of the mosquito aedes aegypti: the effects of camp. | in order to understand the critical role that hydrogen ions play in fluid secretion in malpighian tubules, intracellular and luminal ph and k+ measurements were performed in isolated malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito (aedes aegypti). the intracellular ph was 7.03+/-0.05 (n=15 malpighian tubules (mt)) and the luminal ph was 7.19+/-0.09 (n=99 mt) when bathed in saline at a ph of 7.0. the lumen potential is positive, thus net proton secretion into the lumen is active. the intracellula ... | 1999 | 12770272 |
| adaptation of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) oviposition behavior in response to humidity and diet. | effects of humidity and sugar concentration on the fecundity, temporal oviposition patterns and survival of a tropical strain of aedes aegypti (l.) were investigated. fecundity was significantly reduced by low humidity, but was not affected by sugar concentration. low humidity caused a significant decrease in percentage survival after 19 days as compared to high humidity. oviposition was inhibited by host availability for eight successive days. when access to a host was no longer provided, ovipo ... | 1999 | 12770289 |
| factors modulating the blood feeding behavior and the electrophysiological responses of labral apical chemoreceptors to adenine nucleotides in the mosquito aedes aegypti (culicidae). | the feeding of aedes aegypti (l.) on blood is induced by the presence of phagostimulants: adenine nucleotides. three chemoreceptive cells in the labral apical sensilla can distinguish the presence of adenine nucleotides depending on the other stimulus components. this work aims at correlating the sensory information arising from the labral apical sensilla with the feeding behavior in response to the same stimuli. the saline stimulating solution, containing adenine nucleotides, is modulated by ch ... | 1999 | 12770292 |
| localization of the mosquito insulin receptor homolog (mir) in reproducing yellow fever mosquitoes (aedes aegypti). | the female mosquito takes a blood meal to produce a batch of eggs. initiation of egg maturation and growth of oocytes is governed by several endocrine factors. peptide factors from the brain are involved in this process and some are also responsible for the induction of ecdysone secretion. the latter appears to be required to maintain a high rate of vitellogenin synthesis. by analogy with the known functions of insulin-like molecules (e.g. bombyxins) which in insects activate the secretion of ec ... | 1998 | 12770311 |
| larval growth and biosynthesis of reserves in mosquitoes. | developmental instars of four species of mosquitoes have been analyzed for growth and synthesis of biomass with respect to their caloric content of protein, lipids, and carbohydrates for each instar of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens of the subfamily culicinae, and anopheles albimanus, and an. gambiae of the subfamily anophelinae. the diameter of the thorax grows during the intermolt, reflecting continuous increase in biomass because it correlates significantly with the larval synthesis of total ... | 1999 | 12770329 |
| sensitivity of the mosquito aedes aegypti (culicidae) labral apical chemoreceptors to blood plasma components. | the phagostimulants from the cellular fraction of blood induce gorging of aedes aegypti (l.), and this process is enhanced by some plasma components. this project examines the responses of the labral apical chemoreceptors to plasma components enhancing phagostimulation. from the electrophysiological responses of the labral apical chemoreceptors four cells were identified by the waveform of their action potentials. three of the cells (cell 2, cell 3 and cell 4) responded in a dose dependent manne ... | 1999 | 12770332 |
| a molecular view of trypsin synthesis in the midgut of aedes aegypti. | ingestion of a blood meal induces two phases of trypsin synthesis in the midgut of aedes aegypti females. the first phase, which encompasses the first 4-6 hours following a blood meal, is characterized by the presence of small amounts of early trypsin. the second phase, which occurs between 8 and 36 hours after blood feeding, is characterized by the presence of large amounts of late trypsin. a specific form of regulation of trypsin synthesis characterizes each phase: early trypsin synthesis is r ... | 1999 | 12770346 |
| sensitivity of the mosquito aedes aegypti (culicidae) labral apical chemoreceptors to phagostimulants. | the feeding of aedes aegypti (l.) on blood and nectar is induced by phagostimulants: adenine nucleotides and sugars respectively. this work examines the responses of the four chemoreceptor cells in the labral apical sensilla to these phagostimulants. the apical chemoreceptors can detect the presence of adenine nucleotides. this part of the response is in good agreement with the gorging behavior. the output of the chemoreceptors cannot distinguish among different adenine nucleotides or among thei ... | 1999 | 12770348 |
| the effect of putative diuretic factors on in vivo urine production in the mosquito, aedes aegypti. | changes in total urine production were measured in the mosquito, aedes aegypti, following injection of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht), culex salinarius diuresin, culekinin depolarizing peptides (cdp-i, ii and iii) or the a. aegypti leucokinin peptides (alp-i, ii and iii). all stimulated total urine production in a dose dependent manner. 5-ht was the least potent in urine production experiments with ed(50) values nearly 100-fold higher than other diuretic agonists. doses greater than 2x10(-4) &mgr;mo ... | 1999 | 12770357 |
| effects of putative diuretic factors on intracellular second messenger levels in the malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. | intracellular levels of the second messengers, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip(3)) were measured in the malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti following the in vitro application of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) and the putative mosquito diuretic peptides, culex salinarius diuresin and mosquito leucokinins (culekinin depolarizing peptides (cdps) i, ii, iii, a. aegypti leucokinin peptides (alps) i, ii, iii). the c. salinarius diuresin significantly (p<0.0 ... | 1999 | 12770358 |
| natriuretic and depolarizing effects of a stable fly (stomoxys calcitrans) factor on malpighian tubules. | a two-step hplc purification procedure resulted in a factor from the stable fly that depolarizes the lumen-negative transepithelial voltage (v(t)) of the adult stable fly malpighian tubule. when applied to tubules of the female mosquito, aedes aegypti, this factor partially mimics the electrophysiological actions of the mosquito natriuretic factor (mnf). it also selectively increases active transepithelial na transport by the mosquito malpighian tubule. the blood meal causes a transient increase ... | 1997 | 12770470 |
| the v-type h(+)-atpase in malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti: localization and activity. | the v-type h(+)-atpase is thought to provide the driving force for transepithelial electrolyte and fluid secretion in malpighian tubules. to confirm the presence of this proton pump in malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti, we used several antibodies raised against the v-type h(+)-atpase of manduca sexta. western blot analysis confirmed the presence of the v-type h(+)-atpase in malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. in situ immunostaining identified the v-type h(+)-atpase a ... | 2003 | 12771170 |
| functional characterization of a glutamate/aspartate transporter from the mosquito aedes aegypti. | glutamate elicits a variety of effects in insects, including inhibitory and excitatory signals at both neuromuscular junctions and brain. insect glutamatergic neurotransmission has been studied in great depth especially from the standpoint of the receptor-mediated effects, but the molecular mechanisms involved in the termination of the numerous glutamatergic signals have only recently begun to receive attention. in vertebrates, glutamatergic signals are terminated by na(+)/k(+)-dependent high-af ... | 2003 | 12771173 |
| laboratory surveillance of dengue in argentina, 1995-2001. | local transmission of dengue fever virus in argentina is increased by the presence of aedes aegypti mosquitoes and dengue outbreaks in neighboring countries. from 1995 to 2001, a laboratory-based active surveillance program detected 922 dengue cases. indigenous transmission involving dengue-1 and -2 serotypes was confirmed only in subtropical areas in northern argentina. | 2003 | 12781019 |
| dendritic-cell-specific icam3-grabbing non-integrin is essential for the productive infection of human dendritic cells by mosquito-cell-derived dengue viruses. | dengue virus (dv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes haemorrhagic fever in humans. dv primarily targets immature dendritic cells (dcs) after a bite by an infected mosquito vector. here, we analysed the interactions between dv and human-monocyte-derived dcs at the level of virus entry. we show that the dc-specific icam3-grabbing non-integrin (dc-sign) molecule, a cell-surface, mannose-specific, c-type lectin, binds mosquito-cell-derived dvs and allows viral replication. conclusive evidenc ... | 2003 | 12783086 |
| ex vivo cytotoxicity of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4b delta-endotoxin to isolated midguts of aedes aegypti larvae. | the pathological effect of the bacillus thuringiensis cry delta- endotoxins on susceptible insect larvae had extensive damage on the midgut epithelial cells. in this study, an ex vivo assay was devised for assessing the insecticidal potency of the cloned cry4b mosquito-larvicidal protein that is expressed in escherichia coli. determination of toxicity was carried out by using a cell viability assay on the midguts that were dissected from 5-day old aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. after incubation ... | 2003 | 12787485 |
| plagues and peoples revisited. basic and strategic research for ingectious disease control at the intergace in the life, health and social sciences. | 0 | 12789403 | |
| insecticidal activity and chemical composition of volatile oils from hyptis martiusii benth. | the essential oils from leaves and inflorescences of hyptis martiusii benth were analyzed by gc-ms. twenty-six compounds representing 93.2% of the essential oil of leaves were characterized; delta-3-carene (22.5%), 1,8-cineole (24.27%), beta-caryophyllene (6.15%), and bicyclogermacrene (6.32%) were found as the major components. in the essential oil of inflorescences 27 compounds representing 87.7% of the oil were identified. the major components were delta-3-carene (13.5%), alpha-pinene (5.78%) ... | 2003 | 12797740 |
| proline can be utilized as an energy substrate during flight of aedes aegypti females. | in order to determine whether proline can be utilized as fuel during flight of aedes aegypti, proline, alanine, and glutamine concentrations were monitored at 0, 30 and 60 min after flight using sugar-fed males and females, and blood meal-fed females. in sugar-fed and blood meal-fed females, flight lead to a significant decrease in proline and a significant increase in glutamine concentration in both hemolymph and thorax. only during flight after a blood meal was a significant increase in the al ... | 2003 | 12804719 |
| dynamics of molecular markers linked to the resistance loci in a mosquito-plasmodium system. | models on the evolution of resistance to parasitism generally assume fitness tradeoffs between the costs of being parasitized and the costs associated with resistance. this study tested this assumption using the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti and malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum system. experimental mosquito populations were created by mixing susceptible and resistant strains in equal proportions, and then the dynamics of markers linked to loci for plasmodium resistance and other unl ... | 2003 | 12807772 |
| efficiency of dengue serotype 2 virus strains to infect and disseminate in aedes aegypti. | dengue serotype 2 (den-2) viruses with the potential to cause dengue hemorrhagic fever have been shown to belong to the southeast (se) asian genotype. these viruses appear to be rapidly displacing the american genotype of den-2 in the western hemisphere. to determine whether distinct genotypes of den-2 virus are better adapted to mosquito transmission, we classified 15 viral strains of den-2 phylogenetically and compared their ability to infect and disseminate in different populations of aedes a ... | 2003 | 12812340 |
| thioredoxin from brugia malayi: defining a 16-kilodalton class of thioredoxins from nematodes. | thioredoxins are a family of small redox proteins that undergo nadph-dependent reduction by thioredoxin reductase. this results in a supply of reducing equivalents that cells use in a wide variety of biological reactions, which include maintaining reduced forms of the enzymes important for protection against damage from high-energy oxygen radicals, the regulation of transcription factor activity, and the inhibition of apoptosis. here we report on a new member of the thioredoxin family of protein ... | 2003 | 12819103 |
| mosquito larval consumption of toxic arborescent leaf-litter, and its biocontrol potential. | previously we described the mosquito larvicidal properties of decomposed leaf-litter from deciduous trees, especially the alder alnus glutinosa (l) gaertn., due to toxic polyphenols and other secondary compounds. to further examine the biocontrol potential of toxic leaf-litter for mosquito control, feeding rates of third-instar mosquito larvae were assessed for examples of three genera: anopheles stephensi liston, aedes aegypti (l) and culex pipiens l. (diptera: culicidae). when immersed in a su ... | 2003 | 12823832 |
| sublethal iridovirus disease of the mosquito aedes aegypti is due to viral replication not cytotoxicity. | invertebrate iridescent viruses (iridoviridae) possess a highly cytotoxic protein. in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae), invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (iiv-6) usually causes covert (inapparent) infection that reduces fitness. to determine whether sublethal effects of iiv-6 are principally due to cytotoxicity of the viral inoculum (which inhibits macromolecular synthesis in the host), or caused by replication of the virus larvae of the mosquito aedes aegypti (l) were exposed to untreated iiv-6 vi ... | 2003 | 12823836 |
| natural skip oviposition of the mosquito aedes aegypti indicated by codominant genetic markers. | this study examines the use of codominant restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers to estimate the number of sibling families found within and among oviposition sites used by the mosquito aedes aegypti (l) (diptera: culicidae). estimates were made using pairwise relatedness (rxy) calculations based on alleles shared between individuals. genotypes for eight laboratory mosquito families were determined at six rflp loci and the observed allele frequencies were used to generate simula ... | 2003 | 12823837 |
| field evaluation of a lethal ovitrap against dengue vectors in brazil. | field evaluation of a "lethal ovitrap" (lo) to control dengue vector aedes mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae), was undertaken in two brazilian municipalities, areia branca and nilopolis, in the state of rio de janeiro. the lo is designed to kill aedes via an insecticide-treated ovistrip (impregnated with deltamethrin). in each municipality, the intervention was applied to a group of 30 houses (10 los/house) and compared to 30 houses without los in the same neighbourhood. five los were put outside a ... | 2003 | 12823838 |
| evaluation of selected traps as tools for conducting surveillance for adult aedes aegypti in thailand. | the efficacy of the omnidirectional fay-prince trap (odfp), the centers for disease control wilton trap (wt), and sticky lures (sl) were assessed as a means of evaluating population densities of adult aedes aegypti in thailand. human landing/biting (l/b) collection was used as the reference method. the l/b collection method was significantly more effective at capturing ae. aegypti than any of the other methods, with 84% (1,072/1,272), 8.5% (108/1,272), 7.2% (92/1,272) and 0% (0/1,272) of mosquit ... | 2003 | 12825666 |