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acute gingival bleeding as a complication of dengue hemorrhagic fever.dengue fever is mosquito borne disease caused by dengue virus (denv) of flaviviridae family. the clinical manifestations range from fever to severe hemorrhage, shock and death. here, we report a case of 20-year-old male patient undergoing orthodontic treatment presenting with acute gingival bleeding with a history of fever, weakness, backache, retro orbital pain and ecchymosis over his right arm. the hematological investigations revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia and positive dengue non-structura ...024174736
rna interference in colorado potato beetle: steps toward development of dsrna as a commercial insecticide.colorado potato beetle (cpb) is a notorious pest on potatoes and has a remarkable ability to detoxify plant chemicals and develop resistance against insecticides. dsrna targeting cpb genes could be expressed in potato plants to control this pest. however, previous attempts at introducing transgenic potato plants to control cpb were not highly successful. recent studies showed that feeding dsrna expressed in bacteria works very well to kill cpb. to realize the potential of rnai to control this an ...026705514
she's a femme fatale: low-density larval development produces good disease vectors.two hypotheses for how conditions for larval mosquitoes affect vectorial capacity make opposite predictions about the relationship of adult size and frequency of infection with vector-borne pathogens. competition among larvae produces small adult females. the competition-susceptibility hypothesis postulates that small females are more susceptible to infection and predicts frequency of infection should decrease with size. the competition-longevity hypothesis postulates that small females have low ...025591112
chemical and biological insecticides select distinct gene expression patterns in aedes aegypti mosquito.worldwide evolution of mosquito resistance to chemical insecticides represents a major challenge for public health, and the future of vector control largely relies on the development of biological insecticides that can be used in combination with chemicals (integrated management), with the expectation that populations already resistant to chemicals will not become readily resistant to biological insecticides. however, little is known about the metabolic pathways affected by selection with chemic ...025540155
peripheral olfactory signaling in insects.olfactory signaling is a crucial component in the life history of insects. the development of precise and parallel mechanisms to analyze the tremendous amount of chemical information from the environment and other sources has been essential to their evolutionary success. considerable progress has been made in the study of insect olfaction fueled by bioinformatics- based utilization of genomics along with rapid advances in functional analyses. here we review recent progress in our rapidly emergin ...025584200
the enigmatic reception of deet - the gold standard of insect repellents.repellents are important prophylactic tools for travelers and populations living in endemic areas of malaria, dengue, encephalitis, and other vector-borne diseases. deet is a safe, broad spectrum repellent, which provides complete protection over a long period of time. despite its low cost, more affordable alternatives are highly desirable, particularly for those in endemic areas where cost is an impediment. alternative compounds like ir 3535 and picaridin have been developed using molecular mod ...025530943
evolution of mosquito preference for humans linked to an odorant receptor.female mosquitoes are major vectors of human disease and the most dangerous are those that preferentially bite humans. a 'domestic' form of the mosquito aedes aegypti has evolved to specialize in biting humans and is the main worldwide vector of dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses. the domestic form coexists with an ancestral, 'forest' form that prefers to bite non-human animals and is found along the coast of kenya. we collected the two forms, established laboratory colonies, and docu ...025391959
dengue: "plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose". 024600111
making designer mutants in model organisms.recent advances in the targeted modification of complex eukaryotic genomes have unlocked a new era of genome engineering. from the pioneering work using zinc-finger nucleases (zfns), to the advent of the versatile and specific talen systems, and most recently the highly accessible crispr/cas9 systems, we now possess an unprecedented ability to analyze developmental processes using sophisticated designer genetic tools. in this review, we summarize the common approaches and applications of these s ...025336735
shotgun analysis on the peritrophic membrane of the silkworm bombyx mori.the insect midgut epithelium is generally lined with a unique chitin and protein structure, the peritrophic membrane (pm), which facilitates food digestion and protects the gut epithelium. we used gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the silkworm pm to obtain an in-depth understanding of the biological function of the silkworm pm components. a total of 305 proteins, with molecular weights ranging from 8.02 kda to 788.52 kda and the isoelectric points ...023187007
studies on the post-oviposition blood-feeding behaviour of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) in the laboratory.the blood-feeding behaviour of the trinidad strain of aedes aegypti was studied, under laboratory conditions, using one female per cage and monitoring blood feeding immediately, 12, and 24 hours after oviposition. to get large numbers of females that had newly completed their first gonotrophic cycle, the diel oviposition periodicity was conducted using single females per cage and monitoring at 2-hour intervals. the diel oviposition periodicity showed a small morning peak (8%) during the first 2 ...023265613
silencing of the hsf gene, the transcriptional regulator of a. gambiae male accessory glands, inhibits the formation of the mating plug in mated females and disrupts their monogamous behaviour.discovering the molecular factors that shape the mating behaviour and the fertility of the mosquito anopheles gambiae, the principal vector of human malaria, is regarded as critical to better understand its reproductive success as well as for identifying new leads for malaria control measures. in a. gambiae mating induces complex behavioural and physiological changes in the females, including refractoriness to subsequent mating and induction of egg-laying. in other insects including drosophila a ...023265612
efficacy of three formulations of diflubenzuron, an insect growth regulator, against culex quinquefasciatus say, the vector of bancroftian filariasis in india.insect growth regulators (igrs) offer alternatives to conventional chemical larvicides that pose problem of resistance and environmental safety. however, only a limited number of igrs have been approved for use in mosquito control. in the present study, two new formulations of the igr diflubenzuron, 2 per cent granular (gr) and 2 per cent tablet (dt) were tested for its efficacy against culex quinquefasciatus, in comparison to its 25 per cent wettable powder (wp) formulation.023287125
influence of age and nutritional status on flight performance of the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae).the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is a competent vector for arboviruses and recently was implicated as the vector of the first autochthonous cases of dengue and chikungunya in southern europe. the objective of this study was to analyze the flight performance of female ae. albopictus of different ages that were starved, sugar-fed, or sugar-fed and blood-fed, using flight mills. after three days of starvation post emergence, females flew an average distance of 0.7 ± 0.5 km in 1.9 ± 1.5 h ...024404384
concerning the geographic distribution of the yellow fever mosquito. 190319601151
the yellow-fever mosquito. 190617737726
the incubation period of yellow fever in the mosquito.1. the yellow fever virus was found in infectious form in aedes aegypti throughout the entire period of the extrinsic incubation, as demonstrated by the injection of the bodies of mosquitoes into normal rhesus monkeys at daily intervals after the insects had fed on an infected animal. 2. the virus was transmitted through the bite of the mosquitoes, in one experiment on and after the 9th day, and in two experiments on the 12th day after the initial infecting feed. 3. the pathologic changes produc ...192819869467
possibility of hereditary transmission of yellow fever virus by aedes aegypti (linn.).attempts to obtain passage of yellow fever virus from one generation to the next in a. aegypti were unsuccessful. subcutaneous injections at varying intervals of a saline emulsion of 200 eggs laid by an infective lot of mosquitoes produced no reaction in six normal m. rhesus monkeys. negative results were also obtained in five biting and two injection experiments with progeny of the same infective lot of mosquitoes in which seven normal monkeys were used. the eggs consisted of batches laid after ...192919869656
the filtrability of yellow fever virus as existing in the mosquito.the virus of yellow fever as it exists in aëdes aegypti mosquitoes, both in their so-called infective stage and in the intermediate condition termed the "incubation period", is capable of passing through berkefeld n filters when suspended in normal monkey serum, although earlier investigators have shown that the virus from infective mosquitoes will not do so when suspended in physiological salt solution. the virus of yellow fever as it exists in mosquitoes behaves with regard to filtration throu ...192919869658
studies on yellow fever in south america : iv. transmission experiments with aedes aegypti.1. batches of aëdes (stegomyia) aegypti which had fed on monkeys in the early febrile stage of yellow fever and which has subsequently passed the usually accepted extrinsic incubation period for the virus, failed to transmit the disease to normal monkeys in approximately fifty per cent of the experiments. during the same time over eighty per cent of blood transfers were successful. 2. the monkeys which failed to show fever following mosquito bites later proved resistant to the inoculation of blo ...192919869665
recent laboratory contributions to the control of yellow fever: (section of tropical diseases and parasitology).the most important recent laboratory contributions to the control of yellow fever will be briefly summarized under three headings: (1) methods of diagnosis, (2) transmission, and (3) protection.(1) methods of diagnosis.-the development of improved methods of identification, in particular by immunity tests, has made it possible to diagnose yellow fever with much greater certainty. moreover, since the immunity following an attack of the disease is usually of life-long duration, it is possible to d ...193319989606
the transmission of equine encephalomyelitis virus by aedes aegypti.in confirming kelser's work on the transmission of equine encephalomyelitis of the western type by aëdes aegypti it has been learned that the mosquitoes must be fed virus of high titer if positive results are to be secured. a period of from 4 to 5 days after feeding either on infected guinea pigs or on brain containing virus must elapse before the disease is transmitted by biting, but after this time transmission regularly results for a period of about 2 months. by inoculation, virus can be demo ...193519870442
a practical way of dealing with ædes ægypti (stegomyia fasciata) mosquito breeding in country craft. 193629013069
a practical way of dealing with ædes ægypti (stegomyia fasciata) mosquito breeding in country craft. 193629012997
the multiplication of the virus of yellow fever in aedes aegypti.aëdes aegypti have been shown to be capable of multiplying the asibi strain of yellow fever virus in their bodies. following the ingestion of infected blood, the content of virus falls for several days, reaching a minimum during the 1st week. it then increases rapidly until quantities of virus greater than those previously encountered can be demonstrated. the actual final amount of virus demonstrable, however, is subject to variations of which we know little.193719870651
control of stegomyia fasciata (ædes ægypti) mosquitoes in indian country craft by a mosquito-proof metal cap (bennett pattern) for drinking-water receptacles. 193829014217
the absence from the urine of pernicious anemia patients of a mosquito growth factor present in normal urine.extracts prepared from the urine of normal persons or patients with aplastic anemia or leukemia contain a substance, possibly flavine or a flavine compound, which under suitable conditions of test enhances the growth of larvae of the mosquito, aëdes aegypti. this substance is lacking, or is present in much smaller amount, in extracts from the urine of pernicious anemia patients showing symptoms of the disease. extracts from the urine of the same patients after adequate treatment contain as much ...193819870733
measures instituted for the control of aëdes aegypti. 194018015233
aedes aegypti linnaeus, the yellow fever mosquito, in central missouri. 194217752151
occurrence of aedes aegypti in british guiana. 194520998212
studies on cyclic passage of yellow fever virus in south american mammals and mosquitoes; marmosets (callithrix penicillata and leontocebus chrysomelas) in combination with aedes aegypti. 194620996629
winter survival of aedes aegypti in houston, texas. 194620995756
chlorine as a possible ovicide for aedes aegypti eggs. 194621027331
experiments upon the feeding of aedes aegypti through animal membranes with a view to applying this method to the chemotherapy of malaria. 194621014255
practical laboratory methods for quantity rearing and handling of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to be infected with plasmodium gallinaceum. 194720266394
physiological factors which influence the infection of aedes aegypti with plasmodium gallinaceum. 194720279328
failure of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens to transmit plasmodium vaughani. 194720294091
mortality of aedes aegypti feeding on rabbits receiving oral gammexane. 194720344387
observations on the effect of microclimate on biting by aëdes aegypti (l.) (dipt., culicid.). 194718920748
aedes aegypti control in the absence of a piped potable water supply. 194718897110
further observations on the nutritional requirements of the larva of aedes aegypti l. 194720269871
ddt and aedes aegypti control in british guiana. 194720264247
the inhibition of growth of larvae of aedes aegypti by certain anti-malarial drugs. 194720265407
stimuli involved in the attraction of aedes aegypti, l., to man. 194818104364
the effect of artificial blood meals containing the hydroxynaphthoquinone m2279 on the developmental cycle pf plasmodium gallinaceum in aedes aegypti. 194818864109
the effect of one plant extract and of certain drugs on the development of plasmodium gallinaceum in aedes aegypti. 194818867818
studies on cyclic passage of yellow fever virus in south american mammals and mosquitoes; marsupials (metachirus nudicaudatus and marmosa) in combination with aedes aegypti as vector. 194818898700
toxicity of limewash containing ddt or gammexane to mosquitos, aëdes aegypti, l. 194818865550
extermination of aëdes aegypti in khartoum. 194818900760
the nutrition of the larva of aëdes aegypti linnaeus; protein and amino-acid requirements. 194818122654
the nutrition of the larva of aëdes aegypti linnaeus; lipid requirements. 194818105885
the nutrition of the larva of aëdes aegypti linnaeus. 4. protein and amino-acid requirements. 194816748417
the nutrition of the larva of aëdes aegypti linnaeus. 3. lipid requirements. 194816748416
experiments in crossing aedes (stegomyia) aegypti linnaeus and aedes (stegomyia) albopictus skuse. 194917800955
relative susceptibility of aëdes aegypti, aëdes albopictus, aëdes canadensis and anopheles quadrimaculatus to plasmodium gallinaceum. 194918137143
aedes aegypti and other mosquito control measures in port sudan. 194915408260
rearing of anopheles quadrimaculatus say and aedes aegypti (l.) in the laboratory. 194915406584
bioassay systems for the pyrethrins; water-base sprays against aëdes aegypti l. and other flying insects. 194918151949
a method of infecting aedes aegypti with plasmodium gallinaceum from chick embryos. 195014795205
arrest of development of plasmodium gallinaceum in mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) by radiation effect of p32 1,2. 195015424666
[attempt at control of aedes aegypti by application of ddt in water tanks]. 195014783641
[control of aedes aegypti in chile]. 195015411454
studies on plasmodium gallinaceum. i. characteristics of the infection in the mosquito, aedes aegypti. 195114846794
[eradication of aedes aegypti and control of yellow fever; four year continental program]. 195114886443
[results of ddt application in french guiana; destruction of the aedes aegypti and spectabular reduction of malaria]. 195124541063
[innocuousness of the addition of 1 ppm of ddt to drinking water for the eradication of aedes aegypti]. 195114821037
estimation of traces of ddt using aedes aegypti larvae as a biological indicator. 195114817816
some nutritional requirements of adult mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) for oviposition. 195114851026
studies on plasmodium gallinaceum. iv. a comparison of the susceptibility of aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus and anopheles freeborni. 195214933391
the mechanism of the transmission of myxomatosis in the european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) by the mosquito aedes aegypti. 195214934625
control of malaria in mauritius; eradication of anopheles funestus and aedes aegypti. 195313077717
studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vectors, their survival, and their effect on the survival of their vectors. i. dirofilaria immitis and aëdes aegypti. 195313080982
healing of gut wounds in the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) and the leafhopper orosius argentatus (ev.). 195313126036
transmission of a west nile-like virus by aedes aegypti. 195313090296
[monthly report on eradication of aedes aegypti in american countries, january, 1953]. 195313066562
the cutaneous reaction to the bite of the mosquito aëdes aegypti (l.) and its alleviation by the topical application of an antihistaminic cream (pyribenzamine). 195313044474
[monthly report on the progress of campaign for eradication of aedes aegypti in american countries, october, 1952]. 195313051435
aedes aegypti surveys in three cities in alabama in 1952. 195313023298
[monthly report on the campaign of eradication of aedes aegypti in american countries, september, 1952]. 195313041772
the growth stimulating effect of apf, terramycin hydrochloride, vitamin b12 and an undetermined factor x upon aedes aegypti (l) diptera, culicidae. 195313007931
[infectibility of aedes aegypti from chicks infected with plasmodium gallinaceum in incubation stage]. 195414355424
observation on the biology of west nile virus, with special reference to its behaviour in the mosquito aëdes aegypti. 195413149118
studies on the north american arthropod-borne encephalitides. vii. estimation of amount of eastern equine encephalitis virus inoculated by infected aedes aegypti. 195413207100
the yellow fever situation in africa.while the twentieth century has produced great developments in the epidemiology of yellow fever and in techniques for its control in urban areas, the essential method of control has not changed: it is still the elimination of the urban vector, aëdes aegypti. the aim of those responsible for yellow fever control in africa should be the eradication of this vector from all urban communities in the endemic area. in the case of sylvan yellow fever, complete control of the vectors is not yet possible, ...195413209300
the transmission of semliki forest virus by aedes aegypti. 195413212871
[monthly report on the aedes aegypti control program in american countries and territories]. 195414363372
a preliminary aedes aegypti survey. 195414355279
residual effect of ddt in a controlled area of british guiana tested by the continued release of anopheles darlingi and aedes aegypti: a practical technique for the standardized evaluation of over-all residual efficiency under field conditions. 195413216955
[monthly report on the campaign of eradication of aedes aegypti in american countries and territories]. 195413230222
[monthly report on eradication of aedes aegypti in american countries]. 195413181996
[technical bases and standards of evaluation of the campaign against aedes aegypti]. 195413181984
[monthly report on eradication of aedes aegypti in american countries, december, 1953]. 195413181976
the laboratory transmission of yellow fever by aëdes (stegomyia) aegypti (linnaeus) from malaya. 195514362420
studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vectors, their survival, and their effect on the survival of their vectors. vii. further observations on the intake of the microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis by aedes aegypti in laboratory conditions: the pattern of the intake of a group of flies. 195513239083
the comparative morphological and physiological effects of various drugs on the sporogonous cycle of plasmodium gallinaceum in aedes aegypti. 195513271507
behaviour differences in two strains of aëdes aegypti. 195513244634
[report of march, 1955, on the campaign of eradication of aedes aegypti in the countries and territories of the americas]. 195513260399
[report of the month of january 1955 on the eradication campaign of aedes aegypti in the countries and territories of the americas]. 195513260397
[campaign of eradication of aedes aegypti in the americas; its organization, development and results since december 1954]. 195513260395
[monthly report on the campaign of eradication of aedes aegypti in the countries and territories of the americas]. 195514389431
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