Publications

novel larvicide tablets of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis: assessment of larvicidal effect on aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in colombia.	aedes (stegomyia) aegypti is the vector for dengue, chikungunya, and zika arboviruses. bti-cecif is a bioinsecticide designed and developed in the form of a solid tablet for the control of this vector. it contains bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) serotype h-14.	2018	30184370
exposure and sensitization to insects in allergic patients in the tropics	introduction: mites are an important source of allergens in the tropics. other potential sources of allergens prevalent in the region such as insects have been poorly studied.objective: to determine the relationship between exposure and allergic sensitization to cockroaches, mosquitos, ants and the interaction with mite sensitization.materials and methods: we included patients with allergy tests for blatella germanica, aedes aegypti, solenopsis invicta, blomia tropicalis, dermatophagoides farina ...	2018	30184366
aedes aegypti mosquitoes from guadeloupe (french west indies) are able to transmit yellow fever virus.	the recent yellow fever epidemic in brazil has raised the concern of outbreaks in neighboring countries, particularly in the caribbean region where the vector aedes aegypti is predominant. this threat comes from the past when in the americas, this disease caused devastating urban epidemics. we report the vector competence of ae. aegypti from guadeloupe for yellow fever virus by determining different parameters describing virus infection, dissemination, and transmission. the results indicate that ...	2018	30265716
efficacy of mosquito coils: cross-resistance to pyrethroids in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from indonesia.	aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is the primary vector of several arthropod-borne viral infectious diseases globally. relentless vector control efforts are performed to curtail disease transmissions, insecticides remain as the first line of defense in indonesia. with a dearth of publication on the efficacy of mosquito coil in indonesia, this is the first report related to mosquito coil despite its common use in households. ae. aegypti mosquitoes were sampled from nine regencies in indones ...	2018	30265353
nanosilver crystals capped with bauhinia acuminata phytochemicals as new antimicrobials and mosquito larvicides.	to develop novel nanoformulated insecticides and antimicrobials, herein we produced ag nanoparticles (agnps) using the bauhinia acuminata leaf extract. this unexpensive aqueous extract acted as a capping and reducing agent for the formation of agnps. we characterized b. acuminata-synthesized agnps by uv-vis and ftir spectroscopy, xrd and tem analyses. uv-vis spectroscopy analysis of b. acuminata-synthesized agnps showed a peak at 441.5 nm. ftir shed light on functional groups from the phytoconst ...	2018	30262272
high functional conservation of takeout family members in a courtship model system.	takeout (to) is one of the male-specific genes expressed in the fat body that regulate male courtship behavior, and has been shown to act as a secreted protein in conjunction with courtship circuits. there are 23 takeout family members in drosophila melanogaster, and homologues of this family are distributed across insect species. sequence conservation among family members is low. here we test the functional conservation of takeout family members by examining whether they can rescue the takeout ...	2018	30261021
history of zikv infections in india and management of disease outbreaks.	zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arbovirus infection endemic in multiple countries spread from asia, africa to the americas and europe. previously known to cause rare and fairly benign human infections, zikv has become a major international public health emergency after being linked to unexpected neurological complications, that includes fetal brain damage/death and microcephaly in babies born to infected mothers and guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) in adults. it appears that a single genetic mutat ...	2018	30258421
first report of v1016g and s989p knockdown resistant (kdr) mutations in pyrethroid-resistant sri lankan aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	dengue is a serious arboviral disease in sri lanka with a large number of dengue fever (df) cases every year. control of the primary vector aedes aegypti depends upon larval habitat source reduction and insecticide application. however, increases in the number of reported cases suggest the inefficiency of current control strategies and the possibility of resistance to currently used insecticides. early detection of mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene that confer knockdown r ...	2018	30257701
c-type lectin-20 interacts with alp1 receptor to reduce cry toxicity in aedes aegypti.	aedes aegypti is a crucial vector for human diseases, such as yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. today, a major challenge throughout the globe is the insufficient availability of antiviral drugs and vaccines against arboviruses, and toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are still used as biological agents for mosquito control. the use of cry toxins to kill insects mainly depends on the interaction between cry toxins and important toxin receptors, such as alkaline phosp ...	2018	30257487
differential transmission of asian and african zika virus lineages by aedes aegypti from new caledonia.	zika virus (zikv) is a flavivirus that is transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes. zikv is divided into two phylogenetic lineages, african and asian. in the asian lineage, pacific and american clades have been linked to the recent worldwide outbreak of zikv. the aim of this study was to measure the vector competence of aedes aegypti for seven zikv strains belonging to both lineages. we demonstrate that ae. aegypti from new caledonia (nc), south pacific region, is a low-competence vector for as ...	2018	30254274
the importance of water typologies in lay entomologies of aedes aegypti habitat, breeding and dengue risk: a study from northern australia.	dengue fever is making a significant comeback globally and its control still depends largely on residents' actions. community awareness and education are central to its management; however, programmes have had limited impact, because they are often based on short-term research and limited awareness of the socio-ecological contexts wherein local knowledge of dengue and its vectors (lay entomology) is produced and enacted in and through place. long-term studies of lay knowledge of dengue vectors a ...	2018	30274463
microbiome interaction networks and community structure from laboratory-reared and field-collected aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus mosquito vectors.	microbial interactions are an underappreciated force in shaping insect microbiome communities. although pairwise patterns of symbiont interactions have been identified, we have a poor understanding regarding the scale and the nature of co-occurrence and co-exclusion interactions within the microbiome. to characterize these patterns in mosquitoes, we sequenced the bacterial microbiome of aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus caught in the field or reared in the laboratory and ...	2018	30250462
potential of aedes aegypti populations in madeira island to transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses.	aedes spp. mosquitoes mainly transmit the arboviruses dengue virus (denv) and chikungunya virus (chikv) in urban areas, causing a severe public health problem. in 2012-2013, a major dengue outbreak occurred on madeira island where the mosquito aedes aegypti was the only vector. up to now, the competence of ae. aegypti populations from madeira to transmit denv or chikv remains unknown. this study aimed to assess experimentally the ability of ae. aegypti populations from madeira to transmit these ...	2018	30208974
distribution and breeding sites of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in 32 urban/peri-urban districts of mozambique: implication for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks.	aedes-borne arboviruses have emerged as an important public health problem worldwide and, in mozambique, the number of cases and its geographical spread have been growing. however, information on the occurrence, distribution and ecology of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes remain poorly known in the country.	2018	30208017
mosquito and tick repellency of two anthemis essential oils from saudi arabia.	the essential oils (eos) of anthemis melampodina (am) and anthemis scrobicularis (as) (asteraceae) were extracted from the aerial parts of the plants by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were analyzed using gc-fid and gc-ms. fifty-six components representing 85.5% of the oil composition of anthemis melampdina were identified, and the major components were α-pinene (17.1%) and β-eudesmol (13.8%). forty-one components representing 86% of the oil composition of anthemis scrobicular ...	2018	30202228
recent advances in threshold-dependent gene drives for mosquitoes.	mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue and chikungunya, cause morbidity and mortality around the world. recent advances in gene drives have produced control methods that could theoretically modify all populations of a disease vector, from a single release, making whole species less able to transmit pathogens. this ability has caused both excitement, at the prospect of global eradication of mosquito-borne diseases, and concern around safeguards. drive mechanisms that require individuals ...	2018	30190331
evaluation of (-)-borneol derivatives against the zika vector, aedes aegypti and a non-target species, artemia sp.	zika, dengue, and chikungunya are vector-borne diseases of pronounced concern transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti linn. (diptera: culicidae). the most important method to avoid outbreaks is to control mosquito spreading by the employment of insecticides and larvicides. failure to control mosquito dispersal is mostly accounted to ae. aegypti resistance to currently available larvicides and insecticides, encouraging the development of novel pesticides. in addition, the excessive use of larvi ...	2018	30187415
direct nucleic acid analysis of mosquitoes for high fidelity species identification and detection of wolbachia using a cellphone.	manipulation of natural mosquito populations using the endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia is being investigated as a novel strategy to reduce the burden of mosquito-borne viruses. to evaluate the efficacy of these interventions, it will be critical to determine wolbachia infection frequencies in aedes aegypti mosquito populations. however, current diagnostic tools are not well-suited to fit this need. morphological methods cannot identify wolbachia, immunoassays often suffer from low sensitivity a ...	2018	30161131
estimating the effects of variation in viremia on mosquito susceptibility, infectiousness, and r0 of zika in aedes aegypti.	zika virus (zikv) is an arbovirus primarily transmitted by aedes mosquitoes. like most viral infections, zikv viremia varies over several orders of magnitude, with unknown consequences for transmission. to determine the effect of viral concentration on zikv transmission risk, we exposed field-derived ae. aegypti mosquitoes to four doses (10(3), 10(4), 10(5), 10(6) pfu/ml) representative of potential variation in the field. we demonstrate that increasing zikv dose in the blood-meal significantly ...	2018	30133450
molecular basis for arbovirus transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	mosquitoes are considered the most important vectors for the transmission of pathogens to humans. aedes aegypti is a unique species, not only by its highly anthropophilic and peridomestic habits but also because it can transmit an important variety of pathogenic viruses. examples are dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, zika, and mayaro viruses. after ingesting viremic blood, a wide range of mechanisms are activated in the mosquito to counteract viral infection. nevertheless, these arboviruses pos ...	2018	31082816
scaled deployment of wolbachia to protect the community from dengue and other aedes transmitted arboviruses.	background: a number of new technologies are under development for the control of mosquito transmitted viruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika that all require the release of modified mosquitoes into the environment. none of these technologies has been able to demonstrate evidence that they can be implemented at a scale beyond small pilots. here we report the first successful citywide scaled deployment of wolbachia in the northern australian city of townsville. methods: the wmel strain of ...	2018	30596205
[communication for arboviral disease prevention: tailoring paho initiatives to the cuban contextcomunicação para prevenção de arboviroses: adequação das iniciativas da opas ao contexto cubano].	the purpose of this paper is to describe the opportunities and challenges of training processes in the coordination of regional and national communication initiatives for arboviral disease prevention, using the lessons learned in the cuban context as an example. in february 2016 and december 2017, professional staff from the pedro kourí institute of tropical medicine attended workshops for strengthening communication capacities for arboviral disease prevention in primary health care settings thr ...	2018	31093174
wing geometry analysis of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae), a dengue virus vector, from multiple geographical locations of samut songkhram, thailand.	dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) is a mosquito-borne disease and remains a major public health problem, especially in tropical and temperate countries. studying wing morphometric of aedes aegypti as a mosquito vector of dhf can help to better understand biological process of the mosquito adaptation to the environment. we aimed to study the geometric morphometric of ae. aegypti from multiple geographical areas.	2018	30918904
effects of multiple transmission pathways on zika dynamics.	although the zika virus is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of infected female aedes aegypti mosquitoes, it can also be sexually and vertically transmitted within both populations. in this study, we develop a new mathematical model of the zika virus which incorporates sexual transmission in humans and mosquitos, vertical transmission in mosquitos, and mosquito to human transmission through bites. analysis of this deterministic model shows that the secondary transmission routes of ...	2018	30839920
green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and mosquito larvicidal activity against dengue, zika and chikungunya causing vector aedes aegypti.	in the present study, high purity copper oxide nanoparticles (nps) were synthesised using tridax procumbens leaf extract. green syntheses of nano-mosquitocides rely on plant compounds as reducing and stabilising agents. copper oxide nps were characterised using x-ray diffraction (xrd) analysis, fourier transform infrared (ft-ir), field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. xrd studies of the ...	2018	30964011
supersensitive odorant receptor underscores pleiotropic roles of indoles in mosquito ecology.	mosquitoes exhibit highly diverse and fast evolving odorant receptors (ors). the indole-sensitive or gene clade, comprised of or2 and or10 is a notable exception on account of its conservation in both mosquito subfamilies. this group of paralogous genes exhibits a complex developmental expression pattern in aedes aegypti: aaegor2 is expressed in both adults and larvae, aaegor10 is adult-specific and a third member named aaegor9 is larva-specific. or2 and or10 have been deorphanized and are selec ...	2018	30733668
zebrafish embryo toxicity of a binary mixture of pyrethroid insecticides: d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin.	pesguard fg161™, a mixture of d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin (1:3 ratio), is extensively used to achieve rapid control of adult dengue vector, aedes aegypti, during the disease outbreaks. both d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin are synthetic pyrethroids that are known to have adverse effects on non-mammalian organisms such as fish. the present study intended to use zebrafish embryo toxicity model to investigate the toxic effect of the above binary mixture on fish. particularly, zebrafish embryo to ...	2018	30687404
larvicidal potential of five selected dragonfly nymphs in sri lanka over aedes aegypti (linnaeus) larvae under laboratory settings.	limitations in breeding source reduction practices, development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, and ill effects of chemical controlling methods on human and ecosystem health have motivated sri lankan authorities working for dengue control to seek for alternative, ecofriendly, and sustainable approaches for controlling of aedes vectors, to manage dengue epidemics. the present study attempted to investigate the predation efficiency of locally available dragonfly nymphs over aedes aegypti ...	2018	30627580
current status of aedes aegypti insecticide resistance development from banjarmasin, kalimantan, indonesia.	aedes aegypti represents the principal vector of many arthropod-borne diseases in tropical areas worldwide. since mosquito control strategies are mainly based on use of insecticides, resistance development can be expected to occur in frequently exposed ae. aegypti populations. surveillance on resistance development as well as testing of insecticide susceptibility is therefore mandatory and needs further attention by national/international public health authorities. in accordance, we here conduct ...	2018	30671445
geographical distribution of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) and genetic diversity of invading population of ae. albopictus in the republic of the congo.	background: the arbovirus vector, aedes albopictus, originating from asia, has recently invaded african countries, including the republic of the congo, where it was associated with a chikungunya outbreak. up until now, little was known about its distribution in relation to the native aedes aegypti and how the invasion will modify the epidemiology of arboviral diseases. here, we assessed the current distribution of ae. albopictus and ae. aegypti in the republic of the congo and explored the genet ...	2018	30175244
use of chemical probes to explore the toxicological potential of the k+/cl- cotransporter (kcc) as a novel insecticide target to control the primary vector of dengue and zika virus, aedes aegypti.	the majority of commercialized insecticides target the insect nervous system and therefore, neural proteins are well-validated targets for insecticide development. considering that only a few neural targets are exploited for insecticidal action and the development of insecticide resistance has reduced the efficacy of current insecticidal classes, we sought to test the toxicological potential of the potassium-chloride cotransporter (kcc). in mammals, kcc proteins have seminal roles in shaping gab ...	2018	30704707
mapping the global potential distributions of two arboviral vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus under changing climate.	aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are the primary vectors that transmit several arboviral diseases, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika. the world is presently experiencing a series of outbreaks of these diseases, so, we still require to better understand the current distributions and possible future shifts of their vectors for successful surveillance and control programs. few studies assessed the influences of climate change on the spatial distributional patterns and abundance of these impor ...	2018	30596764
pure early zygotic genes in the asian malaria mosquito anopheles stephensi.	the asian malaria mosquito, anopheles stephensi, is a major urban malaria vector in the middle east and on the indian subcontinent. early zygotic transcription, which marks the maternal-to-zygotic transition, has not been systematically studied in an. stephensi or any other anopheles mosquitoes. improved understanding of early embryonic gene expression in an. stephensi will facilitate genetic and evolutionary studies and help with the development of novel control strategies for this important di ...	2018	30583723
biochemical effects of petroselinum crispum (umbellifereae) essential oil on the pyrethroid resistant strains of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).	in ongoing screening research for edible plants, petroselinum crispum essential oil was considered as a potential bioinsecticide with proven antimosquito activity against both the pyrethroid susceptible and resistant strains of aedes aegypti. due to the comparative mosquitocidal efficacy on these mosquitoes, this plant essential oil is promoted as an attractive candidate for further study in monitoring resistance of mosquito vectors. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ...	2018	30586929
a comparative study of energy contents in mosquito vectors of malaria and dengue prevailing in jodhpur city (thar desert) of rajasthan state, india.	transmission of malaria and dengue in the desert part of india is mainly caused by anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti respectively. the maintenance and transmission of the pathogens that cause malaria and dengue are dependent on the physiology of the mosquito vectors. we aimed to measure the energy contents in the mosquitoes transmitting malaria and dengue in the desert part of the country.	2018	30584552
combined sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique: sex separation and quality of sterile aedes aegypti male mosquitoes released in a pilot population suppression trial in thailand.	the sterile insect technique (sit), which is based on irradiation-induced sterility, and incompatible insect technique (iit), which is based on wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility (a kind of male sterility), have been used as alternative methods to reduce mosquito vector populations. both methods require the release of males to reduce fertile females and suppress the number of natural populations. different techniques of sex separation to obtain only males have been investigated previo ...	2018	30583749
molecular tools to create new strains for mosquito sexing and vector control.	vector control programs based on population reduction by matings with mass-released sterile insects require the release of only male mosquitoes, as the release of females, even if sterile, would increase the number of biting and potentially disease-transmitting individuals. while small-scale releases demonstrated the applicability of sterile males releases to control the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti, large-scale programs for mosquitoes are currently prevented by the lack of efficient sexi ...	2018	30583736
functional analysis of the promoter of an early zygotic gene klc2 in aedes aegypti.	aedes aegypti is an important mosquito vector that transmits arboviruses that cause devastating diseases including zika, dengue fever, yellow fever and chikungunya. improved understanding of gene regulation in the early development of ae. aegypti will facilitate genetic studies and help the development of novel control strategies of this important disease vector.	2018	30583735
sex determination and aedes population control.	the global economic cost of aedes-borne diseases, such as dengue, is estimated to be in the billions of dollars annually. in this scenario, a sustained vector control strategy is the only alternative to control dengue, as well as other diseases transmitted by aedes, including zika and chikungunya. the use of transgenic mosquitoes is a promising weapon in the improvement of approaches currently applied in aedes aegypti control. field trials using genetically modified mosquitoes for population con ...	2018	30583731
evolution of maternal and zygotic mrna complements in the early drosophila embryo.	the earliest stages of animal development are controlled by maternally deposited mrna transcripts and proteins. once the zygote is able to transcribe its own genome, maternal transcripts are degraded, in a tightly regulated process known as the maternal to zygotic transition (mzt). while this process has been well-studied within model species, we have little knowledge of how the pools of maternal and zygotic transcripts evolve. to characterize the evolutionary dynamics and functional constraints ...	2018	30557299
exploring the potential of computer vision analysis of pupae size dimorphism for adaptive sex sorting systems of various vector mosquito species.	several mosquito population suppression strategies based on the rearing and release of sterile males have provided promising results. however, the lack of an efficient male selection method has hampered the expansion of these approaches into large-scale operational programmes. currently, most of these programmes targeting aedes mosquitoes rely on sorting methods based on the sexual size dimorphism (ssd) at the pupal stage. the currently available sorting methods have not been developed based on ...	2018	30583722
soluble expression of recombinant midgut zymogen (native propeptide) proteases from the aedes aegypti mosquito utilizing e. coli as a host.	studying proteins and enzymes involved in important biological processes in the aedes aegypti mosquito is limited by the quantity that can be directly isolated from the mosquito. adding to this difficulty, digestive enzymes (midgut proteases) involved in metabolizing blood meal proteins require a more oxidizing environment to allow proper folding of disulfide bonds. therefore, recombinant techniques to express foreign proteins in escherichia coli prove to be effective in producing milligram quan ...	2018	30563449
simultaneous detection of different zika virus lineages via molecular computation in a point-of-care assay.	we have developed a generalizable "smart molecular diagnostic" capable of accurate point-of-care (poc) detection of variable nucleic acid targets. our isothermal assay relies on multiplex execution of four loop-mediated isothermal amplification reactions, with primers that are degenerate and redundant, thereby increasing the breadth of targets while reducing the probability of amplification failure. an easy-to-read visual answer is computed directly by a multi-input boolean or logic gate (gate o ...	2018	30558136
larval exposure to the bacterial insecticide bti enhances dengue virus susceptibility of adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	understanding the interactions between pathogens sharing the same host can be complicated for holometabolous animals when larval and adult stages are exposed to distinct pathogens. in medically important insect vectors, the effect of pathogen exposure at the larval stage may influence susceptibility to human pathogens at the adult stage. we addressed this hypothesis in the mosquito aedes aegypti, a major vector of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), such as the dengue virus (denv) and the chi ...	2018	30558130
dengue outbreaks and the geographic distribution of dengue vectors in taiwan: a 20-year epidemiological analysis.	dengue fever is an important mosquito-borne viral infectious disease that mostly occurs in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. according to epidemiological data from the center for disease control of taiwan, more than 98.62% of outbreaks of indigenous total dengue cases were reported in the southern part of taiwan. southern taiwan is an aggregate area encompassing tainan, kaohsiung, and pingtung, all of which are located below the tropic of cancer (23º35'n). with a few exceptions, dengu ...	2018	30580791
dengue in taiwan: pointing the finger at aedes aegypti.	in this issue of the biomedical journal we explore the history of dengue infection in taiwan and what current trends have to say about the vector responsible for transmitting the disease on the island. we focus on original research reporting the development of a new perfusion bioreactor to engineer bone from human cord blood stem cells. finally, we look at trends in osteoporosis in taiwan and how they highlight the success of public health campaigns.	2018	30580790
long-term exposure of aedes aegypti to bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis did not involve altered susceptibility to this microbial larvicide or to other control agents.	bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis (bti) is an effective and safe biolarvicide to control aedes aegypti. its mode of action based on four protoxins disfavors resistance; however, control in endemic areas that display high mosquito infestation throughout the year requires continuous larvicide applications, which imposes a strong selection pressure. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of an intensive bti exposure on an ae. aegypti strain (recbti), regarding its susceptibil ...	2018	30594214
zika virus infection produces a reduction on aedes aegypti lifespan but no effects on mosquito fecundity and oviposition success.	a zika virus (zikv) pandemic started soon after the first autochthonous cases in latin america. although aedes aegypti is pointed as the primary vector in latin america, little is known about the fitness cost due to zikv infection. we investigated the effects of zikv infection on the life-history traits of ae. aegypti females collected in three districts of rio de janeiro, brazil (barra, deodoro, and porto), equidistant ~25 km each other. aedes aegypti mosquitoes were classified into infected (a ...	2018	30619118
insecticidal and repellent properties of novel trifluoromethylphenyl amides ii.	this project focused on the design, synthesis, and testing of trifluoromethylphenyl amides (tfmpas) as potential mosquitocides and repellents. fourteen compounds were evaluated for toxicity against larvae and adults of aedes aegypti. several compounds were toxic against aedes aegypti (larval, adult and feeding bioassays) and drosophila melanogaster (glass-surface contact assay), but were much less toxic than fipronil, with toxicity ratios ranging from 100-fold in the larval assay to 100,000-fold ...	2018	30704711
toxicity, mode of action, and synergist potential of flonicamid against mosquitoes.	the present study focused on the toxicity of the aphid anti-feedant flonicamid and its main metabolite, 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (tfna-am) to aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. the compounds were toxic to both species via topical application, resulting in un-coordinated locomotion and leg splaying, with a favorable an. gambiae ld50 value of 35 ng/mg for tfna-am, but no significant lethality to ae. aegypti at 10 μg/female. there was mild cross resistance in the akron-kdr (akdr) ...	2018	30704710
aedes aegypti galectin competes with cry11aa for binding to alp1 to modulate cry toxicity.	the key step for the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) is the interaction between toxins and putative receptors; thus, many studies focus on identification of new toxin receptors and engineering of toxins with higher affinity/specificity for receptors. in the larvae of aedes aegypti, galectin-14 was one of the genes upregulated by bti treatment. rnai knockdown expression of galectin-14 and feeding recombinant galectin-14-thioredoxin fusion protein significantly affected ...	2018	30556692
evaluation of the leaf essential oil from artemisia vulgaris and its larvicidal and repellent activity against dengue fever vector aedes aegypti-an experimental and molecular docking investigation.	aedes aegypti is a mosquito vector that spreads dengue fever and yellow fever worldwide in tropical and subtropical countries. essential oil isolated from artemisia vulgaris is found to have larvicidal and repellent action against this vector. the dried leaves were subjected to hydrodistillation using a clevenger-type apparatus for 4 h. the isolated essential oil was analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the major insecticidal compounds were identified as α-humulene (0.72%) ...	2018	30556010
omics approaches to study juvenile hormone synthesis.	the juvenile hormones (jhs) are a family of insect acyclic sesquiterpenoids produced by the corpora allata (ca), a pair of endocrine glands connected to the brain. they are involved in the regulation of development, reproduction, behavior, caste determination, diapause, stress response, and numerous polyphenisms. in the post-genomics era, comprehensive analyses using functional 'omics' technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics have increased our understanding of the activ ...	2018	30551825
genetic variability of the aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquito in el salvador, vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika.	aedes aegypti is associated with dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika viruses. this vector is widespread in tropical and subtropical areas, and can also occur in temperate areas at higher latitudes. the geographical distribution of ae. aegypti continues to spread due to human activities. this is the first study to examine the population genetic structure of this insect in el salvador, central america.	2018	30547835
susceptible and mcry3a resistant corn rootworm larvae killed by a non-hemolytic bacillus thuringiensis cyt1aa mutant.	the western corn rootworm (wcr) diabrotica virgifera virgifera causes substantial damage in corn. genetically modified (gm) plants expressing some bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal cry proteins efficiently controlled this pest. however, changes in wcr susceptibility to these bt traits have evolved and identification of insecticidal proteins with different modes of action against wcr is necessary. we show here for the first time that cyt1aa from bt exhibits toxicity against wcr besides to ...	2018	30546034
aspergillus terreus (trichocomaceae): a natural, eco-friendly mycoinsecticide for control of malaria, filariasis, dengue vectors and its toxicity assessment against an aquatic model organism artemia nauplii.	vector-borne diseases like malaria, filariasis, and dengue are transmitted by mosquitoes and they cause global mortality and morbidity due to an increased resistance against commercial insecticides. the present study was aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral toxicity, knock-down effect, histopathology, ovicidal, adulticidal, and smoke toxicity effect of aspergillus terreus extract against three mosquito species, namely anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti (diptera: culi ...	2018	30534070
multispecies transcriptomics data set of brugia malayi, its wolbachia endosymbiont wbm, and aedes aegypti across the b. malayi life cycle.	here, we present a comprehensive transcriptomics data set of brugia malayi, its wolbachia endosymbiont wbm, and its vector host. this study samples from 16 stages across the entire b. malayi life cycle, including stage 1 through 4 larvae, adult males and females, embryos, immature microfilariae, and mature microfilariae.	2018	30533772
zika in puerto rico, 2016-2017: ii perspectives on epidemic surveillance and control, health communication, outcomes and lessons.	the social reaction to the zika epidemic in puerto rico reached a confrontational climax regarding aerial fumigation with an organophosphate insecticide. the public drama has obscured multiple simultaneous controversies. this and a companion paper, based mostly on print and digital news reports, provide a context and description of the major controversies and examine the outcomes and their lessons for the protection of the public's health. part ii covers the questions on disease surveillance (wh ...	2018	30576574
zika virus in the americas: an environmental health perspective.	phylogenetic studies suggest that zikv may have been introduced to brazil, and therefore to the americas, in 2014 during the world spring canoe championship held in the city of rio de janeiro. since then the virus has spread across latin america, caribbean, and north america. it seems clear that aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, aedes albopictus are the main vectors of the pathogen. zikv infection symptoms are similar to other flaviviruses such as a dengue infection and therefore can be eas ...	2018	30576572
the pagodas protocol: pediatric assessment group of dengue and aedes saliva protocol to investigate vector-borne determinants of aedes-transmitted arboviral infections in cambodia.	mosquito-borne arboviruses, like dengue virus, continue to cause significant global morbidity and mortality, particularly in southeast asia. when the infectious mosquitoes probe into human skin for a blood meal, they deposit saliva containing a myriad of pharmacologically active compounds, some of which alter the immune response and influence host receptivity to infection, and consequently, the establishment of the virus. previous reports have highlighted the complexity of mosquito vector-derive ...	2018	30572920
construction sites in miami-dade county, florida are highly favorable environments for vector mosquitoes.	urbanization is increasing globally, and construction sites are an integral part of the urbanization process. it is unknown to what extent construction sites create favorable breeding conditions for mosquitoes. the main objectives of the present study were to identify what species of mosquitoes are present at construction sites and the respective physical features associated with their production. eleven construction sites were cross-sectionally surveyed for the presence of mosquitoes in miami-d ...	2018	30571764
a scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus.	chikungunya virus (chikv) has caused several major epidemics globally over the last two decades and is quickly expanding into new areas. although this mosquito-borne disease is self-limiting and is not associated with high mortality, it can lead to severe, chronic and disabling arthritis, thereby posing a heavy burden to healthcare systems. the two main vectors for chikv are aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (asian tiger mosquito); however, many other mosquito species have been described as com ...	2018	30496207
mosquitoes modulate leg dynamics at takeoff to accommodate surface roughness.	insects perform takeoffs from a nearly unquantifiable number of surface permutations and many use their legs to initiate upward movement prior to the onset of wingbeats, including the mosquito. in this study we examine the unprovoked pre-takeoff mechanics of aedes aegypti mosquitoes from two surfaces of contrasting roughness, one with roughness similar to polished glass and the other comparable to the human forearm. using high-speed videography, we find mosquitos exhibit two distinct leg actions ...	2018	30479315
vector competence of biting midges and mosquitoes for shuni virus.	shuni virus (shuv) is an orthobunyavirus that belongs to the simbu serogroup. shuv was isolated from diverse species of domesticated animals and wildlife, and is associated with neurological disease, abortions, and congenital malformations. recently, shuv caused outbreaks among ruminants in israel, representing the first incursions outside the african continent. the isolation of shuv from a febrile child in nigeria and seroprevalence among veterinarians in south africa suggests that the virus ma ...	2018	30532189
the composition of midgut bacteria in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) that are naturally susceptible or refractory to dengue viruses.	the composition, abundance, and diversity of midgut bacteria in mosquitoes can influence pathogen transmission. we used 16s rrna microbiome profiling to survey midgut microbial diversity in pooled samples of laboratory colonized dengue-refractory, cali-mib, and dengue-susceptible, cali-s aedes aegypti (linnaeus). the 16s rrna sequences from the sugar-fed midguts of adult females clustered to 63 amplicon sequence variants (asvs), primarily from proteobacteria, firmicutes, flavobacteria, and actin ...	2018	30508201
optimization of double-stranded rnai intrathoracic injection method in aedes aegypti.	rna interference is widely used to analyze gene functions via phenotypic knockdown of target transcripts in mosquitoes, which transmit numerous mosquito-borne diseases. functional analysis of mosquito genes is indispensable to understand and reduce transmission of mosquito-borne diseases in mosquitoes. intrathoracic injection of double-stranded rna (dsrna) remains the simplest and most customizable method in mosquitoes for functional analysis of the genes of interest. however, achieving consiste ...	2018	30505333
sequential infection of aedes aegypti mosquitoes with chikungunya virus and zika virus enhances early zika virus transmission.	in urban settings, chikungunya, zika, and dengue viruses are transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. since these viruses co-circulate in several regions, coinfection in humans and vectors may occur, and human coinfections have been frequently reported. yet, little is known about the molecular aspects of virus interactions within hosts and how they contribute to arbovirus transmission dynamics. we have previously shown that aedes aegypti exposed to chikungunya and zika viruses in the same blood ...	2018	30513725
risk prediction system for dengue transmission based on high resolution weather data.	dengue is the fastest spreading vector-borne viral disease, resulting in an estimated 390 million infections annually. precise prediction of many attributes related to dengue is still a challenge due to the complex dynamics of the disease. important attributes to predict include: the risk of and risk factors for an infection; infection severity; and the timing and magnitude of outbreaks. in this work, we build a model for predicting the risk of dengue transmission using high-resolution weather d ...	2018	30521550
alternative insecticides for larval control of the dengue vector aedes aegypti in lao pdr: insecticide resistance and semi-field trial study.	the mosquito aedes aegypti is the primary vector of several arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika, and represents a major public health problem in southeast asia. in laos, where dengue is reemerging, several ae. aegypti populations from the capital vientiane have shown resistance to the organophosphate temephos, a commonly-used larvicide for public health interventions.	2018	30509299
a novel highly divergent strain of cell fusing agent virus (cfav) in mosquitoes from the brazilian amazon region.	classical insect-specific flaviviruses (cisfs) have been widely detected in different countries in the last decades. here, we characterize the near full-length genomes of two cisfs detected in mosquitoes collected in the city of macapá, state of amapá, amazon region of brazil. a total of 105 pools of female mosquitos were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (ngs). comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis identified three strains of cell fusing agent virus (cfav) and two of culex flavivi ...	2018	30477235
void entry by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes is lower than would be expected by a randomized search.	insects enter every passible space on the planet. despite our best efforts, flying insects infiltrate slightly open windows in domiciles, automobiles, storage spaces, and more. is this ubiquitous experience a consequence of insect abundance and probability, or are flying insects adept at detecting passageways? there remains a lack of understanding of insect effectiveness in finding passage through the voids and imperfections in physical barriers in response to attractants, a topic particularly c ...	2018	30476211
[costs of an aedes aegypti vector control program in municipalities in colombia: a case study in girón and guadalajara de buga, 2016].	the aim of this study was to measure the costs of vector-borne disease control programs at the local level in colombia (2016). a cost analysis was performed for this purpose from the policymaker's perspective in the municipalities (counties) of girón and guadalajara de buga, specifically for the aedes aegypti control program, the principal mosquito vector of dengue, zika, and chikungunya. the analysis involved the quantification of all the costs required for each of the prevention and control st ...	2018	30517314
comparison of landmark- and outline-based geometric morphometrics for discriminating mosquito vectors in ratchaburi province, thailand.	it is often challenging to identify mosquito vectors in the field based on morphological features due to their similar morphologies and difficulties in obtaining undamaged samples but is required for their successful control. geometric morphometrics (gm) overcomes this issue by analyzing a suite of traits simultaneously and has the added advantages of being easy to use, low cost, and quick. therefore, this research compared the efficiency and precision of landmark- and outline-based gm technique ...	2018	30533435
dengue outbreaks in hawai'i after wwii - a review of public health response and scientific literature.	the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv) cause the most important and common arthropod-borne viral diseases in humans. there have been three major dengue outbreaks in hawai'i since 1946. the most recent and largest outbreak occurred on hawai'i island in 2015-2016. this article reviews the public health response to dengue outbreaks over the period 2001-2016, as well as scientific literature on dengue outbreaks in hawai'i. as summarized in the assessment by the centers for disease control and pre ...	2018	30533283
correction: mosquito pornoscopy: observation and interruption of aedes aegypti copulation to determine female polyandric event and mixed progeny.	[this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193164.].	2018	30532207
global spatial assessment of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus: a scenario of zika virus exposure.	zika virus (zikv) is an arbovirus transmitted mainly by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. recent scientific evidence on culex quinquefasciatus has suggested its potential as a vector for zikv, which may change the current risk zones. we aimed to quantify the world population potentially exposed to zikv in a spatially explicit way, considering the primary vector (a. aegypti) and the potential vector (c. quinquefasciatus). our model combined species distribution modelling of mosquito species with spatiall ...	2018	30474578
recent history of aedes aegypti: vector genomics and epidemiology records.	aedes aegypti bears the common name "the yellow fever mosquito," although, today, it is of more concern as the major vector of dengue, chikungunya, and, most recently, zika viruses. in the present article, we review recent work on the population genetics of this mosquito in efforts to reconstruct its recent (approximately 600 years) history and relate these findings to epidemiological records of occurrences of diseases transmitted by this species. the two sources of information are remarkably co ...	2018	30464351
longevity of mass-reared, irradiated and packed male anopheles arabiensis and aedes aegypti under simulated environmental field conditions.	to ensure the success of a mosquito control programme that integrates the sterile insect technique (sit), it is highly desirable to release sterile males with a maximal lifespan to increase release effectiveness. understanding sterile male survival under field conditions is thus critical for determining the number of males to be released. our study aimed to investigate the effect of mass rearing, irradiation, chilling, packing and release time on irradiated male mosquito longevity.	2018	30463624
zikv demonstrates minimal pathologic effects and mosquito infectivity in viremic cynomolgus macaques.	to evaluate the effects of zikv infection on non-human primates (nhps), as well as to investigate whether these nhps develop sufficient viremia to infect the major urban vector mosquito, aedes aegypti, four cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) were subcutaneously infected with 5.0 log10 focus-forming units (ffu) of dna clone-derived zikv strain fss13025 (asian lineage, cambodia, 2010). following infection, the animals were sampled (blood, urine, tears, and saliva), underwent daily health mo ...	2018	30469417
yellow fever outbreak in brazil: the puzzle of rapid viral spread and challenges for immunisation.	we discuss the complex eco-social factors involved in the puzzle of the unexpected rapid viral spread in the ongoing brazilian yellow fever (yf) outbreak, which has increased the reurbanisation risk of a disease without urban cases in brazil since 1942. indeed, this rapid spatial viral dissemination to the southeast and south regions, now circulating in the atlantic forest fragments close to peri-urban areas of the main brazilian megalopolises (são paulo and rio de janeiro) has led to an exponen ...	2018	30427974
courtship activity, copulation & insemination success in a mosquito vector fed a herbal aphrodisiac: implications for sterile insect technology.	in sterile insect technology (sit), mating competitiveness is a pre-condition for the reduction of target pest populations and a crucial parameter for judging efficacy. still, current sit trials are being hindered by decreased effectiveness due to reduced sexual performance of released males. here, we explored the possible role of a herbal aphrodisiac in boosting the mating activity of aedes aegypti.	2018	30425225
conserved motifs in the hypervariable domain of chikungunya virus nsp3 required for transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	chikungunya virus (chikv) is a re-emerging arthropod-borne (arbo)virus that causes chikungunya fever in humans and is predominantly transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. the chikv replication machinery consists of four non-structural proteins (nsp1-4) that additionally require the presence of a number of host proteins for replication of the viral rna. nsp3 is essential for chikv replication and has a conserved macro, central and c-terminal hypervariable domain (hvd). the hvd is intrinsically ...	2018	30412583
pharmacological inhibition of inward rectifier potassium channels induces lethality in larval aedes aegypti.	the inward rectifier potassium (kir) channels play key roles in the physiology of mosquitoes and other insects. our group, among others, previously demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of kir channels are promising lead molecules for developing new insecticides to control adult female mosquitoes. however, the potential use of kir channel inhibitors as larvicidal agents is unknown. here we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of kir channels in the larvae of aedes aegypti, ...	2018	30445675
a comprehensive review of the manifestations and pathogenesis of zika virus in neonates and adults.	the zika virus (zikv) has been slowly becoming an epidemic in different parts of the world. since its discovery in 1947, there have been numerous outbreaks affecting many different populations. currently, there is an ongoing threat of zikv in latin america and the united states of america. zikv is mainly spread by the aedesaegypti mosquito and causes non-specific symptoms such as fever, myalgia, and generalized weakness. in addition to these symptoms, it has been noted the zikv is capable of cau ...	2018	30443460
air versus water temperature of aquatic habitats in delhi: implications for transmission dynamics of aedes aegypti.	the present study was planned to characterize the microclimate experienced by aedes larvae in different breeding habitats by determining the temperature variations in water kept in containers during different months under natural conditions. the study was conducted in three municipal zones of delhi. in each site, four types of container material (plastic, cement, iron and ceramic) were chosen for recording the water temperature in the containers. daily air and water temperatures (mean, maximum a ...	2018	30451475
operational satellite-based temporal modelling of aedes population in argentina.	aedes aegypti is a vector for chikungunya, dengue and zika viruses in latin america and is therefore a large public health problem for the region. for this reason, several inter-institutional and multidisciplinary efforts have been made to support vector control actions through the use of geospatial technologies. this study presents the development of an operational system for the application of free access to remotely sensed products capable of assessing the oviposition activity of ae. aegypti ...	2018	30451465
innate immune response of primary human keratinocytes to west nile virus infection and its modulation by mosquito saliva.	west nile virus (wnv) is a flavivirus involved in many human infections worldwide. this arthropod-borne virus is directly co-inoculated with mosquito saliva through the epidermis and the dermis during blood meal. wnv starts replicating in the skin before migrating to the draining lymph node, leading to widespread viremia and in some cases to neurological symptoms. skin is a complex organ composed of different cell types that together perform essential functions such as pathogen sensing, barrier ...	2018	30450338
chemical composition and larvicidal activities of azolla pinnata extracts against aedes (diptera:culicidae).	the resistance problem of dengue vectors to different classes of insecticides that are used for public health has raised concerns about vector control programmes. hence, the discovery of alternative compounds that would enhance existing tools is important for overcoming the resistance problem of using insecticides in vectors and ensuring a chemical-free environment. the larvicidal effects of azolla pinnata extracts by using two different extraction methods with methanol solvent against aedes in ...	2018	30399167
behavioral responses of gravid culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti, and anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes to aquatic macrophyte volatiles.	mosquitoes use many cues to assess whether a habitat is conducive for reproduction, possibly including the presence of stimuli from aquatic macrophytes. the effect of water infusions of water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (pista stratioles), parrotfeather (myriophyllum aquaticum), and water pennywort (hydrocotyle umbellata) on mosquito oviposition and attraction was investigated. gravid culex quinquefasciatus deposited significantly more egg rafts in water hyacinth, water lettuc ...	2018	30408300
effects of the environmental temperature on aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes: a review.	the temperature of the environment is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting the life of insects. as poikilotherms, their body temperature is not constant, and they rely on various strategies to minimize the risk of thermal stress. they have been thus able to colonize a large spectrum of habitats. mosquitoes, such as ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus, vector many pathogens, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. the spread of these diseases has become a major global health co ...	2018	30404142
anopheles mosquitoes may drive invasion and transmission of mayaro virus across geographically diverse regions.	the togavirus (alphavirus) mayaro virus (mayv) was initially described in 1954 from mayaro county (trinidad) and has been responsible for outbreaks in south america and the caribbean. imported mayv cases are on the rise, leading to invasion concerns similar to chikungunya and zika viruses. little is known about the range of mosquito species that are competent mayv vectors. we tested vector competence of 2 mayv genotypes in laboratory strains of six mosquito species (aedes aegypti, anopheles free ...	2018	30403665
insecticide resistance and fitness: the case of four aedes aegypti populations from different brazilian regions.	chemical control is still a major strategy to constrain vector density and mitigate pathogen transmission. however, insecticide overuse poses a high selective pressure, favouring the spread of resistance alleles in natural populations. in an insecticide-free environment, a fitness cost is expected in resistant insects when compared to susceptible counterparts. this study investigates whether insecticide resistance to an organophosphate (temephos) and a pyrethroid (deltamethrin) is associated wit ...	2018	30402487
inspiratory muscle training with isokinetic device to help ventilatory weaning in a patient with guillain-barré syndrome by zika virus.	zika is an arbovirus infection mainly transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. in 2016, the burden of zika epidemic in brazil was significant. patients affected by zika virus can develop guillain-barré syndrome, evolving to muscle respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. in this setting, delayed recovery of the muscle weakness can result in prolonged weaning, a condition that by itself is related to a high mortality rate. the study is reporting a case of a patient with zika and gu ...	2018	30402297
ultrastructural analysis of chikungunya virus dissemination from the midgut of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.	the transmission cycle of chikungunya virus (chikv) requires that mosquito vectors get persistently infected with the virus, following its oral acqsuisition from a vertebrate host. the mosquito midgut is the initial organ that gets infected with orally acquired chikv. following its replication in the midgut epithelium, the virus exits the midgut and infects secondary tissues including the salivary glands before being transmitted to another host. here, we investigate the pattern of chikv dissemin ...	2018	30340365
the transcriptional response of aedes aegypti with variable extrinsic incubation periods for dengue virus.	dengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral disease globally. dengue virus is transmitted primarily by the aedes aegypti mosquito. one measure of the mosquito's efficiency as a vector is the extrinsic incubation period (eip), which is the time between the ingestion of viremic blood and the emergence of virions in the saliva. the longer it takes virus to infect the midgut and traverse to the saliva, the fewer opportunities the mosquito will have to transmit the pathogen over its lifetime. we hav ...	2018	30335126
truck-mounted natular 2ec (spinosad) ulv residual treatment in a simulated urban environment to control aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in north florida.	preemptive treatment of dry habitats with an ultra-low volume (ulv) residual larvicide may be effective in an integrated vector management program to control populations of container-inhabiting aedes mosquitoes, key vectors of zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses. we exposed dry, artificial containers placed in exposed and protected locations to natular 2ec (spinosad) larvicide applied with a truck-mounted ulv sprayer in a simulated urban setting in north florida, and later introduced water and ...	2018	31442121
ultra-low volume application of spinosad (natular 2ec) larvicide as a residual in a tropical environment against aedes and anopheles species.	we investigated the efficacy of a liquid larvicide, natular 2ec® (spinosad), applied with ultra-low volume sprayer as a residual application during the dry season in southeastern thailand against 4 medically important species-aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, anopheles dirus, and an. minimus. we found that this larvicide could be applied as a residual to dry areas known to collect water and potentially still be effective after rains or irrigation, which could increase the flexibility and efficiency ...	2018	31442120
effect of travel speed on dispersion of aqualuer 20-20 sprayed by a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume sprayer against caged aedes aegypti1.	the effect of travel speed of a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume (ulv) sprayer on its application efficacy was studied at st. johns county fairground, elkton, fl, during summer 2015. the efficacy was assessed by spray deposition, droplet size spectrum, and 24-h mortality of caged adult aedes aegypti, using 2 rows of sampling locations, 15 m apart and spread up to 122 m from the spray. each location had a bioassay cage and an impinger droplet sampler, 1 m apart from each other, at 1.5 m off the gro ...	2018	31442115
application efficacy of vectobac wdg against larval aedes aegypti using thermal fog technology.	the effectiveness of thermal fog application of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (vectobac® wdg) against larval aedes aegypti was evaluated in open and forest canopied environments in northeastern florida, using a handheld igeba® tf34 thermal fogger (with water conversion kit). the product was applied at the maximum label rate of 1 kg/ha to linear transects, in each environment, containing empty 0.5-liter cups. after application, late-2nd to early-3rd instars of ae. aegypti were added to each ...	2018	31442110
ultra-low volume application of spinosad (natular 2ec) as a residual in a hot-arid environment against aedes aegypti.	the invasive aedes aegypti is an important disease vector increasing in frequency in hot-arid regions of the usa such as the southwest. within hot-arid surroundings this mosquito may be confined to peridomestic locations that tend to be cooler and humid, such as in lush, irrigated ornamental vegetation surrounding homes. however, to reach these habitat refugia, ultra-low volume (ulv) applications of insecticides targeting this mosquito must retain efficacy after being sprayed from the air or str ...	2018	31442108