| molecular characterization of the vldl receptor homolog mediating binding of lipophorin in oocyte of the mosquito aedes aegypti. | lipophorin (lp) functions as a yolk protein precursor in the mosquito aedes aegypti and it is internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis (insect biochem. mol. biol., 30 (2000) 1161). we cloned and molecularly characterized a putative mosquito ovarian lipophorin receptor (aalprov) cdna. the cdna has a length of 3468 bp coding for a 1156-residue protein with a predicted molecular mass of 128.9 kda. the deduced amino acid sequence of the cdna revealed that it encodes a protein homolog of the ld ... | 2001 | 11378410 |
| toxic effect of garlic extracts on the eggs of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): a scanning electron microscopic study. | the surface features of the eggs of aedes aegypti (l.) and the effect of garlic extracts on their hatching were studied by scanning electron microscopy. the exochorion and endochorion layers of the eggshells display an essentially pentagonal reticulation. the exochorion meshwork exhibits large and small papillae interconnected by horizontal struts. at higher magnification, the large papillae show aeropyles on their rough surface. eggs hatched in deionized water undergo complete fracture near the ... | 2001 | 11372972 |
| the energetic costs of diving in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus pupae. | undisturbed mosquito pupae rest at the water surface and respond to passing shadows or vibrations by diving. pupae do not feed and rely solely on energy stored from the larval stage. the ability of a newly emerged adult mosquito to survive, and therefore to transmit disease, depends on these energy reserves. earlier studies of diving behavior in aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, and ae. triseriatus pupae provided evidence that pupae sense their state of buoyancy and modify their diving behavior acc ... | 2001 | 11345420 |
| mapping of resistance to vegetable polyphenols among aedes taxa (diptera, culicidae) on a molecular phylogeny. | to recover some evolutionary aspects of the interaction between culicine larvae and dietary polyphenols of the vegetation surrounding mosquito breeding sites, we constructed a phylogeny of the most common french aedes species, chosen as reference species. we also evaluated the differential resistance of these larval taxa to the polyphenols of leaf litter from the riparian vegetation used as a food source. mitochondrial dna sequence analysis was performed among 14 different taxa and ecotypes (aed ... | 2001 | 11341813 |
| cloning and expression of a ferritin subunit for galleria mellonella. | ferritin was purified from iron-fed galleria mellonella hemolymph by ultra centrifugation and fplc (superose 6). sds-page revealed three bands of 26, 30, and 32 kda. the ferritin 26 kda subunit cdna was obtained from rt-pcr using primer designed from n-terminal sequence analysis. 5'-race was used to obtain the complete protein coding sequence. the sequence encodes a 211 amino acid polypeptide including a 20 amino acid leader peptide. an ire (iron-responsive element) sequence with a predicted ste ... | 2001 | 11317331 |
| effects of plagiorchis elegans (trematoda: plagiorchiidae) infection on the carbohydrate metabolism of fourth instar aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | infection of fourth-instar aedes aegypti (l.) with the entomopathogenic digenean plagiorchis elegans (rudolphi) alters the carbohydrate metabolism of the insect. within 24 h of cercarial penetration, total body extracts of infected fourth instars exhibited decreased trehalase activity, increased trehalose-6-phosphatase activity, and a concomitant accumulation of trehalose when compared with uninfected larvae. the amounts of glucose, glycogen and lipids, and the activity of glycogen phosphorylase ... | 2001 | 11296841 |
| localization of midgut-specific protein antigens from aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) using monoclonal antibodies. | most insect transmitted pathogens interact with the midgut of their vectors for infection and, in some cases, development. therefore, molecules associated with the midgut epithelium in direct contact with pathogens may be potential targets of infection-blocking measures. here, we identify midgut-specific protein antigens from aedes aegypti (l.) using monoclonal antibodies. sixty-four monoclonal antibodies were generated with reactivity to the mosquito midgut, five of which are reported in this a ... | 2001 | 11296827 |
| selective oviposition by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in response to mesocyclops longisetus (copepoda: cyclopoidea) under laboratory and field conditions. | the influence of predacious mesocyclops longisetus thiebaud on the selection of oviposition sites by prey aedes aegypti (l.) was studied under laboratory and field conditions. in both cases, gravid ae. aegypti females were significantly more attracted to ovitraps containing copepods or to ovitraps with water in which copepods were held previously than to distilled water. monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds including 3-carene, alpha-terpinene, alpha-copaene, alpha-longipinene, alpha-cedrene, ... | 2001 | 11296821 |
| two new lactones with mosquito larvicidal activity from three hortonia species. | the structures of the butenolides 1 and 2, isolated from the endemic plants hortonia floribunda, h. angustifolia, and h. ovalifolia, collected in sri lanka, have been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. these compounds exhibited potent mosquito larvicidal activity against the second instar larvae of aedes aegypti. | 2001 | 11277762 |
| ultrastructural changes in the muscles, midgut, hemopoietic organ, imaginal discs and malpighian tubules of the mosquito aedes aegypti larvae infected by the fungus coelomomyces stegomyiae. | fungi belonging to the genus coelomomyces can infect mosquito larvae and develop within the larval hemocoel. to examine fungal development, aedes aegypti larvae infected with coelomomyces stegomyiae keilin were fixed, embedded and sectioned for both light and electron microscopy. while fungal hyphae of c. stegomyiae did not invade cells other than the cuticular epithelial cells, they did penetrate a number of tissues including muscles, midgut, hemopoietic organ, imaginal discs, and malpighian tu ... | 2001 | 11265168 |
| formation of lipid reserves in fat body and eggs of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | we examined the accumulation of lipids in adult females of the mosquito, aedes aegypti. females emerged with about 100 µg lipid in the fat body. with access to sugar water lipids increased over seven days to 300 µg. after a blood meal on day five, sugar-fed females accumulated 120-140 µg of lipids in their ovaries within 2 days. at the same time the lipid content of the fat body decreased by 100 µg, indicating transfer of lipids from fat body to oocytes. experiments in which fat body lipids were ... | 2001 | 11249951 |
| the vitellogenin gene of the mosquito aedes aegypti is a direct target of ecdysteroid receptor. | in the female mosquito aedes aegypti, vitellogenin (vg), the major ypp, is activated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) at the transcriptional level. we used cell transfection assays in the drosophila s2 cells to investigate whether 20e acts directly on the vg gene via its functional receptor, the heterodimer composed of the ecdysteroid receptor (ecr) and the ultraspiracle (usp) proteins. we demonstrated that the vg 5'-regulatory region contains a functional ecdysteroid-responsive element (vgecre1) tha ... | 2001 | 11223179 |
| a novel function of 20-hydroxyecdysone: translational repression of the lysosomal protease mrna in the mosquito fat body. | in the female fat body of the mosquito aedes aegypti, lysosomes play important roles during the cessation of vitellogenesis by degrading the biosynthetic machinery and aiding the remodeling of the fat body cells. a detailed study of a mosquito lysosomal aspartic protease (aalap) has shown a unique expression pattern in the vitellogenic fat body: the level of aalap mrna dramatically rises and peaks at 24 h post blood meal (pbm) correlating with the high titer of ecdysteroids; however, there is a ... | 2001 | 11222937 |
| malathion resistance in aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus after its use in aedes aegypti control programs. | the continued widespread use of malathion in aedes aegypti control programs in latin america has generated insecticide resistance to this chemical in culex quinquefasciatus but not in ae. aegypti. to determine the extent of this resistance, the susceptibility of cx. quinquefasciatus and ae. aegypti from several countries to malathion was evaluated. bioassay results indicated that all ae. aegypti strains evaluated from cuba, venezuela, costa rica, and jamaica were susceptible to malathion in spit ... | 2000 | 11198919 |
| mosquito vector control and biology in latin america--a tenth symposium. abstracts. | the 10th annual latin american symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 66th annual meeting in atlantic city, nj, in march 2000. the principal objective, as for the previous 9 symposia, was to promote participation in the amca by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 57 presentations that were given orally in spanish or presented as posters by participan ... | 2000 | 11198916 |
| repellent activity of ferronia elephantum corr. (rutaceae) leaf extract against aedes aegypti (l.). | the repellent activity of a methanol extract of ferronia elephantum leaves against aedes aegypti was studied in the laboratory. the percentage protection in relation to the dose method was used. the repellent activity at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/cm2 concentrations gave 100% protection up to 2.14 +/- 0.16 h and 4.00 +/- 0.24 h, respectively. the total percentage protection of ferronia elephantum was 45.8% at 1.0 mg/cm2 and 59.0% at 2.5 mg/cm2 for 10 h. | 2001 | 11198185 |
| in situ analysis of ph gradients in mosquito larvae using non-invasive, self-referencing, ph-sensitive microelectrodes. | the alkaline environment, ph approximately 11, in the anterior midgut lumen of mosquito larvae is essential for normal nutrition and development. the mechanism of alkalization is, however, unknown. although evidence from immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and electrophysiology suggests that a v-atpase is present in the basal membranes of the epithelial cells, its physiological role in the alkalization process has not been demonstrated. to investigate a possible role of the v-atpase in lum ... | 2001 | 11171351 |
| exploration of mosquito immunity using cells in culture. | the propagation of immune-responsive cells in vitro has provided the basis for substantial contributions to our understanding of many aspects of the mammalian immune response. in contrast, the potential for exploring the innate immune response of insects using cultured cells is only beginning to be developed, particularly with various mosquito cell lines from the genera aedes and anopheles. immune-reactive mosquito cell lines express various defensive factors, including transferrin, lysozyme, ce ... | 2001 | 11167096 |
| innate immune response of aedes aegypti. | insects are able to protect themselves from invasion by pathogens by a rapid and potent arsenal of inducible immune peptides. this fast, extremely effective response is part of the innate immunity exhibited by all insects and many invertebrates, and shows striking similarities with the innate immune response of vertebrates. in aedes aegypti invasion of the hemocoel by bacteria elicits the production of defensins, cecropins, a peptide active only against gram-negative bacteria, and several other ... | 2001 | 11167091 |
| neuroendocrine factors affecting the steady-state levels of early trypsin mrna in aedes aegypti. | transcription of the early trypsin gene occurs in the midgut after adult emergence under control of juvenile hormone (jh). we tested the hypothesis that factors that affect the steady-state levels of early trypsin mrna do so by influencing the levels of jh. we investigated the effect of ingesting different meals on early trypsin mrna levels as well as on jh levels. we also studied how early trypsin mrna levels changed when the midgut was isolated from different components of the neuroendocrine s ... | 2001 | 11166316 |
| chloride channels in apical membrane patches of stellate cells of malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. | stellate cells of aedes aegypti malpighian tubules were investigated using patch-clamp methods to probe the route of transepithelial cl(-) secretion. two types of cl(-) channel were identified in excised, inside-out apical membrane patches. the first cl(-) channel, type i, had a conductance of 24 ps, an open probability of 0.816+/-0.067, an open time of 867+/-114 ms (mean +/- s.e.m., four patches) and the selectivity sequence i(-)>cl(-)(much greater than) isethionate>gluconate. the i(-)/cl(-)>is ... | 2001 | 11136622 |
| exogenous juvenile hormone and methoprene, but not male accessory gland substances or ovariectomy, affect the blood/nectar choice of female culex nigripalpus mosquitoes. | when newly emerged females of the mosquito culex nigripalpus theobald (diptera: culicidae) take a sugar meal, they develop both a propensity to seek a host and resting-stage ovarian follicles. as follicle growth is indicative of juvenile hormone (jh) activity, we searched for possible roles of jh in the behavioural shift from nectar to blood-host odour preference by cx. nigripalpus after emergence, using an olfactometer-choice assay. topically applied or injected methoprene (a jh analogue) resul ... | 2000 | 11129701 |
| the occurrence and fate of the meconium and meconial peritrophic membranes in pupal and adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | in mosquitoes, in addition to larval and adult peritrophic membranes (pms), a pm (meconial peritrophic membrane or mpm1) forms in the pupa around the meconium, the sloughed, degenerating larval midgut epithelium. often, a second membrane (mpm2) forms in temporal proximity to adult emergence. differences in the occurrence, persistence, and timing of disappearance of the meconium/mpms and gas were studied by dissecting the midgut contents from pupae of known ages postpupation and from adults of kn ... | 2000 | 11126546 |
| the importance of subterranean mosquito habitat to arbovirus vector control strategies in north queensland, australia. | in north queensland, 14 localities were surveyed for mosquito larvae (third and fourth instar) during summer/autumn and winter from 1996 to 1999. absolute population numbers in subterranean habitats, mainly service manholes and pits (97%) but also some wells, septic tanks, storm drains, and sumps, were expressed as a proportion of total numbers in these sites plus surface sites within a 100-m radius. when correction factors were applied to subterranean samples, the 472,477 larvae mainly of aedes ... | 2000 | 11126539 |
| differential regulation of ribosomal protein gene expression in aedes aegypti mosquitoes before and after the blood meal. | in fat body of the mosquito, aedes aegypti, a cycle of ribosome accumulation and degradation accompanies synthesis of the yolk protein precursor, vitellogenin. here we compare the transcription and translation of ribosomal proteins rps6, rpl8 and rpl34, relative to rrna and vitellogenin genes in aedes aegypti fat body after eclosion, and in response to a blood meal. analysis using northern blots and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reactions (rt-pcr) showed that the rps6, rpl8 and rpl34 ge ... | 2000 | 11122470 |
| leucokinin and the modulation of the shunt pathway in malpighian tubules. | transepithelial secretion in malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito (aedes aegypti) is mediated by active transport of na(+) and k(+) through principal cells and passive cl(-) transport through the shunt. permeation through the shunt was assessed by measuring transepithelial halide diffusion potentials in isolated perfused malpighian tubules, after first inhibiting active transport with dinitrophenol. diffusion potentials were small under control conditions, revealing eisenman selectivi ... | 2001 | 11119772 |
| [finding of aedes aegypti breeding in bromeliad]. | a breeding place of aedes aegypti immature forms were found in bromeliads domesticated for decorative purposes. implications for the control measures were considered. | 2000 | 11105120 |
| a sticky entry-exit trap for sampling mosquitoes in subterranean habitats. | this paper addresses the problems of sampling adult aedes aegypti and other mosquitoes which utilize subterranean habitats such as wells and service manholes. the sticky pipe trap is a simple device with an adhesive paper insert that can be clipped to the undersides of service manholes to record the entry and exit of adult mosquitoes through the keyhole openings. this trap was 1st used successfully in townsville, charters towers, and saunders beach in north queensland, australia, in dry seasons ... | 2000 | 11081658 |
| protein catabolism in mosquitoes: ureotely and uricotely in larval and imaginal aedes aegypti. | catabolism of excess dietary protein by aedes aegypti was investigated during larval development, during and after metamorphosis. activity profiles were established for xanthine dehydrogenase (xdh, uricotelic pathway) and arginase (ureotelic pathway). both enzymes are active at all times during the life-cycle. during the aquatic larval and pupal instars, xdh and arginase activities increase with body size. maximal activities of these two enzyme systems coincide with the time of metamorphic restr ... | 2001 | 11064020 |
| characterization of a leucokinin binding protein in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) malpighian tubule. | the insect myokinin (leucokinin-like) neuropeptide family includes peptides that have different physiological effects such as the induction of hindgut myotropic activity and stimulation of urine production. the c-terminal pentamer of myokinins phe-x-(ser/pro/ala)-trp-gly-amide [x=phe, his, asn, ser or tyr], had been previously determined as the minimum fragment able to elicit a functional response. the receptor(s) for these insect neuropeptides has not yet been identified. in order to characteri ... | 2000 | 11044661 |
| enzymatic analysis of uricotelic protein catabolism in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | excess protein ingested by blood meals of mosquitoes is catabolized by a uricotelic pathway. we have established enzyme activity profiles for xanthine dehydrogenase (xdh), the enzyme that catalyzes uric acid synthesis, and related it to intestinal proteolytic activities in female aedes aegypti mosquitoes.during the first day after eclosion the meconium containing urate and urea of larval/pupal origin is discharged, together with xdh activity. females of constant body size and of defined age were ... | 2001 | 11033169 |
| voltage clamping single cells in intact malpighian tubules of mosquitoes. | principal cells of the malpighian tubule of the yellow fever mosquito were studied with the methods of two-electrode voltage clamp (tevc). intracellular voltage (v(pc)) was -86.7 mv, and input resistance (r(pc)) was 388.5 komega (n = 49 cells). in six cells, ba(2+) (15 mm) had negligible effects on v(pc), but it increased r(pc) from 325.3 to 684.5 komega (p < 0.001). in the presence of ba(2+), leucokinin-viii (1 microm) increased v(pc) to -101.8 mv (p < 0.001) and reduced r(pc) to 340.2 komega ( ... | 2000 | 10997925 |
| purified mariner (mos1) transposase catalyzes the integration of marked elements into the germ-line of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | derivatives of the mariner transposable element, mos1, from drosophila mauritiana, can integrate into the germ-line of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. previously, the transposase required to mobilize mos1 was provided in trans by a helper plasmid expressing the enzyme under the control of the d. psuedoobscura heat-shock protein 82 promoter. here we tested whether purified recombinant mos1 transposase could increase the recovery of ae. aegypti transformants. mos1 transposase was injecte ... | 2000 | 10989286 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a metal responsive aedes aegypti intestinal mucin cdna. | we have isolated a cdna from aedes aegypti that is transcribed in the larval midgut in response to metal exposure, and in the adult female midgut in response to iron or cadmium exposure, or a blood meal. the cdna encodes a protein, designated aedes aegypti intestinal mucin 1 (aeimuc1), which has similarities with invertebrate intestinal mucins and peritrophins, and vertebrate mucins. proline, serine and threonine comprise 30% of the amino acid composition of aeimuc1, a characteristic of mucins. ... | 2000 | 10971719 |
| morphometric changes associated with sex and development in the malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. | the malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti showed significant differences in their diameters between male and female larvae, male and female pupae, male larvae and male adults and male pupae and male adults. in every case, female values were greater than in males. measurements of mean nuclear areas of the principal and stellate cells from malpighian tubules, taken in males and females during development, showed that this parameter in both types of cell was significantly greater in females than in m ... | 2000 | 10969881 |
| insecticidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae of some medicinal south american plants. | the insecticidal activity of 11 extracts from nine south american medicinal plants has been studied using the aedes aegypti larvicidal assay. eight of the 11 plant extracts studied showed toxicity against the a. aegypti larvae (lc(50)<500 microg/ml). the dichloromethane extracts of abuta grandifolia and minthostachys setosa demonstrated high larvicidal activity, the most active being the dichloromethane extract of a. grandifolia, with an lc(50)=2.6 microg/ml (lc(100)= 8.1 microg/ml), indicating ... | 2000 | 10967471 |
| molecular and evolutionary analysis of two divergent subfamilies of a novel miniature inverted repeat transposable element in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | a novel family of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements (mites) named pony was discovered in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. it has all the characteristics of mites, including terminal inverted repeats, no coding potential, a+t richness, small size, and the potential to form stable secondary structures. past mobility of pony: was indicated by the identification of two pony insertions which resulted in the duplication of the ta dinucleotide targets. two highly divergent subfam ... | 2000 | 10958848 |
| utility of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase ii gene for resolving relationships among black flies (diptera: simuliidae). | the complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase ii gene was sequenced from 17 black flies, representing 13 putative species, and used to infer phylogenetic relationships. a midge (paratanytarsus sp.) and three mosquitoes (aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and culex quinquefasciatus) were used as outgroup taxa. all outgroup taxa were highly divergent from black flies. phylogenetic trees based on weighted parsimony (a priori and a posteriori), maximum likelihood, and neighbor-joining (log-de ... | 2000 | 10942615 |
| loratadine in the treatment of mosquito-bite-sensitive children. | children frequently experience harmful whealing and delayed papules from mosquito bites. whealing is mediated by antisaliva ige antibodies and histamine, but the effect of antihistamines on mosquito-bite symptoms has not been evaluated in children. | 2000 | 10921468 |
| aedes aegypti dopa decarboxylase: gene structure and regulation. | dopa decarboxylase converts l-dopa to dopamine, a precursor molecule for diverse biological activities in insects including neurotransmission and a variety of tanning reactions required for development, reproduction and defence against parasites. herein, we report the cloning and sequencing of the aedes aegypti ddc gene, including 2.1 kb of the upstream promoter region. the transcribed region of the gene spans more than 16 kb and contains five exons. in situ hybridization localizes the blood-mea ... | 2000 | 10886406 |
| conserved molecular mechanism for the stage specificity of the mosquito vitellogenic response to ecdysone. | in the mosquito aedes aegypti, the adult female becomes competent for a vitellogenic response to ecdysone after previtellogenic development. here, we show that betaftz-f1, the nuclear receptor implicated as a competence factor for stage-specific responses to ecdysone during drosophila metamorphosis, serves a similar function during mosquito vitellogenesis. aaftz-f1 is expressed highly in the mosquito fat body during pre- and postvitellogenic periods when ecdysteroid titers are low. the mosquito ... | 2000 | 10898964 |
| ribosomal protein s6 cdna from two aedes mosquitoes encodes a carboxyl-terminal extension that resembles histone h1 proteins. | ribosomal protein s6 (rps6) is the major phosphorylated protein on the eukaryotic ribosome. because electrophoretic evidence suggested that the homolog of rps6 from the mosquitoes aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti was measurably larger than drosophila rps6, we have now isolated full-length cdnas encoding aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti rps6. the mosquito rps6 cdnas encoded a 100 amino acid extension at the carboxyl-terminus, relative to rps6 from humans and drosophila. this region had homolo ... | 1999 | 10897799 |
| [knowledge, opinions, and practices regarding aedes aegypti]. | the active participation of the community is indispensable for reducing aedes aegypti mosquito populations so causes leading to their growth, actions taken, effects on the health and the people in charge of controlling such mosquitoes are all dealt with in this paper. 210 persons were interviewed from june 25 to 27, 1997. the causes of the growth of the mosquito population were: excessive garbage (59%), dirty waters (58%), open water reservoirs (50%) and lack of fumigation (21%). 40% of intervie ... | 2009 | 10887576 |
| coelomomyces stegomyiae infection in adult female aedes aegypti following the first, second, and third host blood meals. | | 2000 | 10843837 |
| insecticidal piperidine alkaloid from microcos paniculata stem bark. | the stem bark of microcos paniculata contained a new alkaloid, n-methyl-6 beta-(deca-1',3',5'-trienyl)-3 beta-methoxy-2 beta-methylpiperidine, which showed good insecticidal activity against aedes aegypti second instar larvae. | 2000 | 10846743 |
| polyamines, and effects from reducing their synthesis during egg development in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | development of eggs after a blood meal in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti involves hormonal changes, synthesis of nucleic acids, activation of the digestive enzyme trypsin, and production of the yolk protein vitellogenin. polyamines have been implicated in growth processes and were here examined for possible involvement during egg development. the data suggest that polyamines are important for normal vitellogenesis in the mosquito. polyamine levels and activities of ornithine decarboxyla ... | 2000 | 10817834 |
| bioactivity of ethanol extract of karanja (pongamia glabra vent) seed coat against mosquitoes. | laboratory evaluation revealed that the treatment of larvae of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus with ethanol extract of karanja seed coat (alksc) significantly increased the larval mortality and developmental period proportianately with increase in the extract concentrations. aedes proved more sensitive to the effect of extract in terms of mortality than culex. at a high concentration (8 ppm), 100% aedes larvae died in the first instar within two days whereas, 16 pmm was required for ach ... | 1999 | 10810597 |
| evaluation of cyfluthrin and fenfluthrin for their insecticidal activity against three vector mosquitoes. | the ec50/ec90 concentrations of cyfluthrin and fenfluthrin were tested for their activity against different developmental stages of three important vector mosquitoes viz., anopheles stephensi liston, aedes aegypti (linn.) and culex quinquefasciatus say. the ec90 concentrations of both cyfluthrin and fenfluthrin showed ovicidal effect on an. stephensi and ae. aegypti whereas ec90 of cyfluthrin checked the hatching of eggs completely in cx. quinquefasciatus. fenfluthrin at ec50 concentration reduc ... | 1999 | 10810595 |
| characterization of three microsatellite loci for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and their use for population genetic study. | | 1999 | 10774655 |
| chemical and gamma-ray mutagenesis of the white gene in aedes aegypti. | a molecular understanding of an insect gene can be facilitated by analysing the phenotypes of mutants for that gene. protocols were developed for both chemical and gamma-ray mutagenesis in aedes aegypti using the white (w) gene as an assay. wild-type adult males were subjected to varying doses of either ethyl methanesulphonate (0. 1%, 0.5% or 1%) or gamma rays (1500 r or 3000 r), mated to females homozygous for the recessive w mutation, and progeny screened for the w phenotype, indicating non-co ... | 2000 | 10762419 |
| central role of the apical membrane h+-atpase in electrogenesis and epithelial transport in malpighian tubules. | the effects of bafilomycin a(1), a blocker of v-type h(+)-atpases, were investigated in malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. bafilomycin a(1) reduced rates of transepithelial fluid secretion and the virtual short-circuit current (vi(sc)) with an ic(50) of approximately 5 micromol l(-)(1). as vi(sc) decreased, the electrical resistance increased across the whole epithelium and across the apical membrane, indicating effects on electroconductive pathways. bafilomycin a(1) had no effect when applied ... | 2000 | 10751161 |
| two insecticidal tetranortriterpenoids from azadirachta indica. | two new triterpenoids, 6 alpha-o-acetyl-7-deacetylnimocinol [24,25,26,27-tetra-norapotirucalla-(apoeupha)-6 alpha-acetoxy-7 alpha-hydroxy-1,14,20,22-tetraen-21,23-epoxy-3-one] (1) and meliacinol [24,25,26,27-tetranorapotirucalla-(apoeupha)-1 alpha-trimethylacryloxy-21,23-6 alpha,28-diepoxy-16-oxo-17-oxa-14,20,22-trien-3 alpha,7 alpha-diol] (2) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fresh leaves of azadirachta indica (neem). their structures have been elucidated through spectral studies ... | 2000 | 10703059 |
| influence of igr treatment on oviposition of three species of vector mosquitos at sublethal concentrations. | sublethal effect of hexaflumuron, an insect growth regulator (igr), on the oviposition of three species of vector mosquitos. culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi was studied. significant reduction in oviposition was observed in the females of the above three species derived from fourth instar larvae and pupae exposed to sublethal (ei5 and ei50) doses. the reduction in egg laying is proportional to the dose of exposure and was found to be about twice higher in females of ... | 1999 | 10695811 |
| laboratory evaluation of lambda-cyhalothrin a microencapsulated formulation on mosquito nets for control of vector mosquitos. | two formulations of lambda-cyhalothrin (ec-emulsion concentrate and mc-microencapsulated) were impregnated into bednets made of polyethylene and polyester. the nets were treated at a dosage of 15 mg/m2. for bioassay of insecticidal efficacy, female anopheles maculatus and aedes aegypti were exposed to the nets for two minutes and mortality was scored 24 hours later. the nets were also tested after repeated washings with water and with soap and water. microencapsulated (2.5cs) formulation was mor ... | 1999 | 10695808 |
| the electrical properties of the anterior stomach of the larval mosquito (aedes aegypti). | the electrical properties of the anterior stomach of the larval mosquito (aedes aegypti) were determined. at late times after cannulation, the intraluminal space constant was 936 microm, which is almost as long as the isolated tissue itself. at this time, the resistance of the apical cell membranes dominates the transcellular resistance; it is approximately 14 times the resistance of the basal cell membrane. two physiologically distinct epithelial cell types were identified. one type has a stabl ... | 2000 | 10683168 |
| the kinin peptide family in invertebrates. | kinins comprise a family of peptides that were first found in the central nervous system of insects and recently also in mollusks and crustaceans. after the isolation of the first members of the kinin family, the leukokinins from leucophaea maderae, leukokinin-related peptides were found in the cricket acheta domesticus and the locust locusta migratoria, all through their ability to induce leucophaea maderae hindgut contraction. subsequently, kinins were found in the mosquitoes culex salinarius ... | 1999 | 10676463 |
| structure of hermes integrations in the germline of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the hermes transposable element is derived from the house fly, musca domestica, and can incorporate into the germline of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. preliminary southern analyses indicated that hermes integrated along with the marker gene into the mosquito genomic dna. here we show that hermes integrations are accompanied by the integration of the donor plasmid as well. in addition, breaks in the donor plasmid dnas do not occur precisely, or at the end of the terminal inverted repe ... | 2000 | 10672066 |
| green fluorescent protein as a genetic marker in transgenic aedes aegypti. | we report here the use of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) from the jellyfish, aequorea victoria, as a genetic marker for the genetic transformation of mosquitoes. the egfp gene, under the control of the actin5c promoter of drosophila melanogaster was inserted into the hermes transposable element. preblastoderm embryos of a wild-type strain of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, were microinjected with this plasmid, together with a helper plasmid containing the hermes transpos ... | 2000 | 10672065 |
| evidence for expression of ecr and usp components of the 20-hydroxyecdysone receptor by a mosquito cell line. | the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was used to examine whether the c7-10 cell line from the mosquito, aedes albopictus, expresses transcripts encoding 20-hydroxyecdysone receptor (ecr) and ultraspiracle (usp) isoforms known to constitute a functional 20-hydroxyecdysone receptor. here we describe recovery and analysis of products with high similarity to the ecr and to the usp isoform "a" that have been reported from the related mosquito, aedes aegypti. the c7-10 ecr was ... | 2000 | 10644973 |
| differential expression and regulation by 20-hydroxyecdysone of mosquito ultraspiracle isoforms. | ultraspiracle (usp), the insect homologue of the vertebrate retinoid x receptor, is an obligatory dimerization partner for the ecdysteroid receptor (ecr). two usp isoforms, usp-a and usp-b, with distinct n-termini, occur in the mosquito aedes aegypti. in the fat body and ovary, usp-a mrna is highly expressed during the pre- and late vitellogenic stages, corresponding to a period of low ecdysteroid titer, while usp-b mrna exhibits its highest levels during the vitellogenic period, correlating wit ... | 2000 | 10644414 |
| characterization of the sialokinin i gene encoding the salivary vasodilator of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the gene encoding sialokinin i, the principal vasodilatory peptide of aedes aegypti, has been isolated and characterized. degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on peptide amino acid sequence were used to amplify a gene fragment from messenger rna (mrna) isolated from female salivary glands. the amplification product was used to probe a salivary gland complementary dna (cdna) library, and a number of corresponding cdnas were isolated and their primary sequence determined. analysis of the conce ... | 1999 | 10620041 |
| curcuma raktakanda is a potential larvicide for mosquito control. | the leaves and tuber of curcuma raktakanda were investigated as a mosquito larvicide against the early fourth instar larvae of four mosquito species, viz., culex quinquefasciatus , culex sitiens , aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi . the petroleum ether extract of the leaves and tuber exhibited toxicity towards all the test species. the lc 90 values of leaf extract for cx. quinquefasciatus , cx. sitiens , ae. aegypti and an. stephensi were 46.77, 27.45, 58.75 and 45.81 mg/l,respectively. the ... | 2000 | 21214456 |
| salivary gland proteins of the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | several properties of the salivary glands of culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were analysed. the amount of protein in female salivary glands increased from 0.26 microg on day one after emergence to about 1.4 microg on day seven. the major polypeptides found in the female salivary glands had molecular weights of 35.7, 28.3, and 20.5 kda. antibodies produced by mice immunized by bites of culex quinquefasciatus female mosquitoes reacted with the 35.7 and 28.3 kda polypeptides, showing that these m ... | 2000 | 10613958 |
| use of a funnel trap for collecting immature aedes aegypti and copepods from deep wells in yogyakarta, indonesia. | during the course of a "dry" season dengue vector survey, indoor and outdoor household wells were sampled for the possible presence of immature mosquitoes and copepods. with a simple floating funnel trap, aedes aegypti immature stages were captured in over 33% of the sampled wells (n = 93) during a 24-h trapping period per well. average number of larvae (all instars) per positive well was 8.8 (range 1-63). positive wells varied in depth from 2.7 to 14.7 m (8.8-48.2 ft), with a mean of 7.9 +/-se ... | 1999 | 10612624 |
| two distinct subpopulations of ecdysone receptor complex in the female mosquito during vitellogenesis. | the native functional ecdysone receptor complex, a heterodimer of the ecdysone receptor (ecr) and ultraspiracle (usp) proteins, was identified in the fat body of adult female mosquitoes, aedes aegypti, through electrophoretic mobility shift assays (emsa) using previously characterized drosophila ecdysone response elements (ecres). the use of different salt concentrations during preparation of nuclear extracts enabled us to characterize two distinct subpopulations of the receptor complex, one of ... | 1999 | 10612429 |
| mosqui, a novel family of mosquito retrotransposons distantly related to the drosophila i factors, may consist of elements of more than one origin. | a novel family of non-long-terminal-repeat (non-ltr) retrotransposons, named mosqui, was discovered in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. there were approximately 14 copies of mosqui in the a. aegypti genome. four of the five analyzed mosqui elements were truncated at the 5' ends while one of them, mosqui-aa2, was full-length. all five mosqui elements ended with 4-10 taa tandem repeats, as the drosophila i factors do. interestingly, mosqui elements were often found near genes and other re ... | 1999 | 10605110 |
| screening of ten plant species for metaphase chromosome preparation in adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) using an inoculation technique. | the screening of 10 plant species (aloe barbadensis mill., asparagus officinalis l., as. plumosus bak., as. racemosus willd., as. sprengeri regel, codyline fruticosa goppert, dracaena loureiri gagnep., gloriosa superba l., hemerocallis flava l., and sansevieria cylindrica bojer) for colchicine-like substance(s) using a mosquito cytogenetic assay revealed that a 1% solution of dried gl. superba rhizome extracted in 0.85% sodium chloride solution could be used instead of a 1% colchicine in hanks' ... | 1999 | 10593098 |
| calibrated funnel trap for quantifying mosquito (diptera: culicidae) abundance in wells. | our article addresses the problems of sampling and quantifying the abundance of immature aedes aegypti (l.) and other mosquitoes that use subterranean habitats such as wells and service manholes. two versions of the funnel trap, austrap and vietrap, were extremely sensitive for detecting the presence of ae. aegypti larvae in wells, and the modified version, the vietrap, sampled on average 20.5% of 3rd and 4th instars when set overnight for 12 h. for both models, regression analyses between trap ... | 1999 | 10593090 |
| aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) age determination by cuticular hydrocarbon analysis of female legs. | we previously described methods for age-grading female aedes aegypti (l.) by gas chromatographic (gc) analysis of whole-body cuticular hydrocarbon patterns. two regression models were developed that were based on the age-dependent, relative abundance of 2 cuticular hydrocarbons, pentacosane (gc peak 1) and nonacosane (gc peak 5). we have refined this method so that only the legs are required to age individual females. two new regression models were developed that also use the relative abundance ... | 1999 | 10593086 |
| potential for aging female aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) by gas chromatographic analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons, including a field evaluation. | gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection was used to measure the time-associated, quantitative changes in the cuticular hydrocarbons of female aedes aegypti (l.). cohorts of unstressed ae. aegypti, rockefeller strain, were reared and held at 3 constant temperatures (24, 28, and 30 degrees c). five females from each cohort were taken at 33 degree-day (dd) intervals from 0 to 231 dd (using 17 degrees c as the threshold temperature). quantitative changes over time of cuticular hydrocarbon ... | 1999 | 10593085 |
| transcriptional control is relevant in the modulation of mosquito ferritin synthesis by iron. | in yellow fever mosquito cells (aag2 clone), iron treatment induces a threefold increase in ferritin message (fer mrna) and protein (ferritin) by 16 h. these data contrast with work in mammalian hepatocytes and fibroblasts in which fer mrna levels do not change with iron stimulation, but ferritin levels increase 50-fold. pretreatment of the aag2 cells with actinomycin d blocks induction of fer mrna and reduces the ferritin subunit synthesis, suggesting that iron induction of ferritin subunit syn ... | 1999 | 10542070 |
| laboratory testing of a lethal ovitrap for aedes aegypti. | laboratory tests were conducted to determine the feasibility of making the mosquito ovitrap lethal to aedes aegypti (l.) when they attempt to oviposit in the trap. heavy-weight velour paper strips (2.54 x 11 cm) were used as an alternative to the wooden paddle normally provided as a substrate for mosquito oviposition. the paper strips were pretreated with insecticide solutions and allowed to dry before being used in oviposition cups of 473 ml capacity, filled with water initially to within 2.5 c ... | 1999 | 10514047 |
| mosquito hearing: sound-induced antennal vibrations in male and female aedes aegypti. | male mosquitoes are attracted by the flight sounds of conspecific females. in males only, the antennal flagellum bears a large number of long hairs and is therefore said to be plumose. as early as 1855, it was proposed that this remarkable antennal anatomy served as a sound-receiving structure. in the present study, the sound-induced vibrations of the antennal flagellum in male and female aedes aegypti were compared, and the functional significance of the flagellar hairs for audition was examine ... | 1999 | 10504309 |
| [the effect of the period of egg quiescence on the life cycle of aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) (diptera, culicidae) under laboratory conditions]. | the influence of the period of egg quiescence on the life cycle of aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) (diptera, culicidae) was studied under laboratory conditions in order to improve the management of vector control. the eggs are known to be the most resistant stages during development, allowing a long survival of the mosquitoes under unfavorable climatic conditions. the experiments were performed in a biological chamber kept at 28 +/- 1 degrees c temperature, with 80 +/- 5% relative humidity and 12 ... | 2006 | 10495662 |
| laboratory evaluation of ai3-37220, ai3-35765, cic-4, and deet repellents against three species of mosquitoes. | four repellents, n,n-diethyl-3-methyl-benzamide (deet), 2-hydroxy-methyl-cyclohexyl acetic acid lactone (cic-4), and 2 piperidines (1-[3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl] piperidine [ai3-35765] and 1-[3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl]-2-methylpiperidine [ai3-37220]) were evaluated alone and in combination against aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex quinquefasciatus using a modified in vitro test system. this method was a valuable tool for comparing effective concentrations of the new compounds. becaus ... | 1999 | 10480126 |
| immunity proteins from mosquito cell lines include three defensin a isoforms from aedes aegypti and a defensin d from aedes albopictus. | an aedes aegypti mosquito cell line, aag-2, exhibits a response to immune stimulation that is qualitatively similar to that of c7-10 cultured cells from the related mosquito, aedes albopictus. using sds polyacrylamide gels, we found that a small peptide was preferentially induced by the treatment of growing cells with heat-killed, gram-positive bacteria. by an analogy with other studies, this small peptide was postulated to be a member of the defensin family of insect immunity peptides. a differ ... | 1999 | 10469248 |
| antibody to h(+) v-atpase subunit e colocalizes with portasomes in alkaline larval midgut of a freshwater mosquito (aedes aegypti). | the ph profile, gross structure, ultrastructure and immunolabeling of the mosquito (aedes aegypti) larval midgut are described as a first step in analyzing the role of plasma membrane h(+ )v-atpase in the alkalization of the gut, nutrient uptake and ionic regulation. binding of an antibody to h(+ )v-atpase subunit e colocalizes with 'portasomes' (approximately 10 nm in diameter), which are thought to correspond to the v(1) part of the h(+) v-atpase. in gastric caeca (ph 8), both antibody-binding ... | 1999 | 10460732 |
| detection of allergens in aedes albifasciatus mosquito (diptera: culicidae) extracts by immunological methods. | aedes albifasciatus (diptera: culicidae) is the most common mosquito species in argentina and it has been demonstrated to be the vector for some pathogens. the objective of this study was to describe the allergen composition of this mosquito species endemic to argentina using sds-page and immunoblotting methods. sera from mosquito-bite allergic subjects were employed. the protein extracts, obtained from thoraxes containing salivary glands, showed a protein pattern with components of apparent mol ... | 2013 | 10412678 |
| an updated checklist of the mosquitoes of new jersey. | the last checklist of new jersey mosquitoes was published in 1983 and contained 59 species from 10 genera. since that time 4 additional species have been collected in new jersey: aedes thibaulti, aedes infirmatus, aedes aegypti, and aedes albopictus. aedes aegypti was not able to overwinter and is not part of new jersey's mosquito fauna. as a result, the addition of 3 species brings the updated checklist of new jersey mosquitoes to 62. | 1999 | 10412107 |
| sequencing and characterization of the citrus weevil, diaprepes abbreviatus, trypsin cdna. effect of aedes trypsin modulating oostatic factor on trypsin biosynthesis. | trypsin mrna from the citrus weevil, diaprepes abbreviatus, was reverse transcribed and amplified by pcr. a cdna species of 513 bp was cloned and sequenced. the 3' and 5' ends of the gene (262 bp and 237 bp, respectively) were amplified by rapid amplification of cdna ends, cloned and sequenced. the deduced sequence of the trypsin cdna (860 bp) encodes for 250 amino acids including 11 amino acids of activation and signal peptides and exhibited 16.8% identity to trypsin genes of selected lepidopte ... | 1999 | 10411621 |
| e75 expression in mosquito ovary and fat body suggests reiterative use of ecdysone-regulated hierarchies in development and reproduction. | the steroid hormone ecdysone controls genetic regulatory hierarchies underlying insect molting, metamorphosis and, in some insects, reproduction. cytogenetic and molecular analysis of ecdysone response in drosophila larval salivary glands has revealed regulatory hierarchies including early genes which encode transcription factors controlling late ecdysone response. in order to determine whether similar hierarchies control reproductive ecdysone response, we have investigated ecdysone-regulated ge ... | 1999 | 10411302 |
| antimicrobial activity spectrum, cdna cloning, and mrna expression of a newly isolated member of the cecropin family from the mosquito vector aedes aegypti. | an antimicrobial peptide belonging to the cecropin family was isolated from the hemolymph of bacteria-challenged adult aedes aegypti. this new peptide, named cecropin a, was purified to homogeneity and fully characterized after cdna cloning. the 34-residue a. aegypti cecropin a is different from the majority of reported insect cecropins in that it is devoid of a tryptophan residue and c-terminal amidation. the importance of these two structural features on the activity spectrum was investigated ... | 1999 | 10400619 |
| transposition of the piggybac element in embryos of drosophila melanogaster, aedes aegypti and trichoplusia ni. | the lepidopteran transposable element piggybac is being recognized as a useful vector for genetic engineering in a variety of insect species. this transposon can mediate transformation in the dipteran species ceratitis capitata, and can potentially serve as a versatile vector for transformation of a wide variety of insect species. using a plasmid-based interplasmid transposition assay, we have demonstrated that this transposon, of the short inverted terminal repeat type, is capable of transposit ... | 1999 | 10394918 |
| genomic and evolutionary analysis of feilai, a diverse family of highly reiterated sines in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | five short interspersed repetitive elements (sines) were found fortuitously in the introns of a steroid hormone receptor aahr3-2 gene of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, constituting a novel family of trna-related sines named feilai. in addition, nine other feilai elements were found in currently available sequences in ae. aegypti, six of which were also near genes. approximately 5.9 x 10(4) copies of feilai were present in ae. aegypti, equivalent to 2% of the entire genome. an addition ... | 1999 | 10368954 |
| automated measurement of oxygen consumption by the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | oxygen consumption of single mosquitoes was measured using a differential pressure transducer (dpt) connected to two small chambers. a mosquito was placed in the experimental chamber (p1) and was separated from naoh by 4 cm2 of marquisette mesh. the reference chamber (p2) contained the same amount of naoh and the marquisette mesh but without a mosquito. when these two chambers were sealed, removed o2 from p1 resulted in a pressure decrease with respect to p2. this pressure differential was trans ... | 1999 | 10344665 |
| responses of male and female mosquitoes to repellents in the world health organization insecticide irritability test system. | a study was conducted to compare responses of male and female aedes aegypti (linn.) and aedes taeniorhynchus (wiedemann) to 9 olfactory repellents in the world health organization insecticide irritability test system. an irritant insecticide (permethrin) and a control were included for comparison. aedes aegypti exhibited significantly more takeoffs than ae. taeniorhynchus, and female mosquitoes exhibited significantly more takeoffs than males. permethrin induced significantly more takeoffs than ... | 1999 | 10342270 |
| effect of diet on biting, oviposition, and survival of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the effect of adult diet on host biting, sugar probing and water probing patterns, oviposition behavior, and survival of aedes aegypti (l.) from charters towers, australia, were tested in the laboratory. the 7 diets were as follows: (1) starvation, (2) water, (3) 10% sugar, (4) blood, (5) blood with water supplement, (6) blood with 10% sugar supplement, and (7) blood with 3% sugar supplement. biting, probing, oviposition, and survival observations were made every 6 h (0600-0800 hours, 1200-1400 ... | 1999 | 10337099 |
| urbanisation of yellow fever in santa cruz, bolivia. | reinvasion by aedes aegypti of cities in the americas poses a threat of urbanisation of yellow fever. after detection of yellow-fever infection in a resident of the city of santa cruz, bolivia, in december, 1997, we investigated all subsequent suspected cases. | 1999 | 10334253 |
| facing up to re-emergence of urban yellow fever. | transmitted from person to person by aedes aegypti, urban yellow fever was eliminated in the first half of this century, with the eradication of its mosquito vector from most of south america. however, reinfestation began in the 1970s is now almost complete, and vector control is considerably more difficult now than before. the threat of urban yellow fever is greatest in towns such as santa cruz, bolivia, near the forest, but improved transport links increase the likelihood of spread by viremic ... | 1999 | 10334247 |
| oxidation of 3-hydroxykynurenine to produce xanthommatin for eye pigmentation: a major branch pathway of tryptophan catabolism during pupal development in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | this study concerns the metabolic pathways of 3-hydroxykynurenine in aedes aegypti mosquitoes during development with emphasis on its oxidation pathway to produce xanthommatin during eye pigmentation. oxidation of tryptophan to 3-hydroxykynurenine is the major pathway of tryptophan catabolism in aedes aegypti, but 3-hydroxykynurenine oxidizes easily under physiological conditions, which stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. our data show that in aedes aegypti, the chemically react ... | 1999 | 10333572 |
| efficacy of neem oil-water emulsion against mosquito immatures. | neem oil-water emulsion was used in mosquito breeding habitats to find out its larvicidal effect on immatures of different mosquito species. application of 5% neem oil-water emulsion @ 50 ml/sq m in pools and @ 100 ml/sq m in tanks resulted in 100% reduction of iii and iv instar larvae of an. stephensi after 24 h while, against cx. quinquefasciatus it was 51.6 and 91.2% reduction in the larval density after day 1 and 14 respectively. similarly, application of 10% emulsion in desert coolers again ... | 1998 | 10319557 |
| seasonal prevalence of anopheles stephensi larvae and existence of two forms of the species in an urban garden in calcutta city. | a study on the occurrence and seasonal prevalence of anopheles stephensi (principal vector of malaria in calcutta) larvae in an urban garden in central calcutta revealed their presence in collections of fresh and/or rain water in various kinds of temporary and permanent breeding habitats. breeding sites in shady areas were preferred in comparison to those receiving direct sunlight. the density of an. stephensi larvae was highest in earthen and lowest in wooden pots throughout the study period, a ... | 1998 | 10319556 |
| increase in the size of the amino acid pool is sufficient to activate translation of early trypsin mrna in aedes aegypti midgut. | early trypsin is a female-specific protease present in the midgut of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti during the first 4-6 h after ingestion of a blood meal. transcription of the early trypsin gene occurs after adult emergence under control of juvenile hormone, but the transcript remains untranslated before feeding. early trypsin was in vitro translated using mrna extracted from midguts of unfed and fed females, indicating that there are not structural features in the early trypsin mrna t ... | 1999 | 10319437 |
| mosquito cathepsin b-like protease involved in embryonic degradation of vitellin is produced as a latent extraovarian precursor. | here we report identification of a novel member of the thiol protease superfamily in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. it is synthesized and secreted as a latent proenzyme in a sex-, stage-, and tissue-specific manner by the fat body, an insect metabolic tissue, of female mosquitoes during vitellogenesis in response to blood feeding. the secreted, hemolymph form of the enzyme is a large molecule, likely a hexamer, consisting of 44-kda subunits. the deduced amino acid sequence of this 44- ... | 1999 | 10224092 |
| isolation and identification of three rfamide-immunoreactive peptides from the mosquito aedes aegypti. | three rfamide-immunoreactive peptides were isolated from headless aedes aegypti mosquitoes. their structures were identified by edman degradation or a combination of amino acid composition analysis and mass spectrometry to be: aedes head peptide 1 [23], [pro4]-aedes head peptide (i.e., pglu-arg-pro-pro-ser-leu-lys-thr- arg-phe-amide), and leu-lys-thr-arg-phe-amide which have been named aedes head peptides 3 and 4, respectively. | 1999 | 10098621 |
| relative efficacy of synthetic pyrethroid-impregnated fabrics against mosquitoes under laboratory conditions. | the efficacy of synthetic pyrethroid-impregnated fabrics was evaluated against anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus, under laboratory conditions. results revealed that delta-methrin was significantly superior in comparison to lambdacyhalothrin and cyfluthrin. results of bioassay tests revealed that deltamethrin was 1.5 and 1.9 times more effective than lambdacyhalothrin and cyfluthrin, respectively, against an. stephensi exposed to cotton fabric treated at 100 g/m2. del ... | 1998 | 10084134 |
| possibilities of long-term protection against blood-sucking insects and ticks. | insecticidal and repellent properties and residual action of permethrin and deltamethrin and two commercial preparations peripel 55 and permanone were investigated under laboratory and field conditions. the tests were conducted on ticks, mosquitoes and houseflies. permethrin in concentrations of 0.036-2.276 mg.m-2 caused 90-100% mortality and deltamethrin in concentrations of 0.012-0.75 mg.m-2 induced 78-100% mortality in ticks after 24 hrs exposure (table 1). good repellent properties of the pr ... | 1999 | 10084018 |
| absence of impact of aerial malathion treatment on aedes aegypti during a dengue outbreak in kingston, jamaica. | during an outbreak of dengue fever in jamaica from october to december 1995, a study was carried out to determine the impact of aerial ultra-low volume malathion treatment on adult aedes aegypti. this was done by monitoring oviposition rates of the vector in three urban communities in kingston and by exposing caged mosquitoes both directly and indirectly to the aerial malathion treatment. the insecticide was delivered at a rate of 219 ml/ha between 7:10 a.m. and 8:45 a.m. the results of the stud ... | 1999 | 10079743 |
| amounts of glycogen, lipid, and sugar in adult female aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) fed sucrose. | we examined the amount of glycogen, lipid, and sugar in small and large female ae. aegypti (l.) that were fed different concentrations of sucrose. replicate groups of laboratory-reared teneral females (< or = 1 d old) were allowed to feed ad libidum on a 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% sucrose solution, and total glycogen, lipids, and sugars were assayed at 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure to sugar. mosquitoes fed sugar increased nutrient levels with time. the pattern of accumulation was significantl ... | 1999 | 10071486 |
| promoter-directed expression of recombinant fire-fly luciferase in the salivary glands of hermes-transformed aedes aegypti. | molecular genetic analyses of biological properties characteristic of insect vectors of disease, such as hematophagy and competence for pathogens, require the ability to isolate and characterize genes involved in these processes. we have been working to develop molecular approaches for studying the promoter function of genes that are expressed specifically in the adult salivary glands of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. genomic dna fragments containing cis-acting promoter elements from ... | 1999 | 9931506 |