Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [lessons learned in the control of aedes aegypti to address dengue and the emergency of chikungunya in iquitos, peru]. | dengue has affected iquitos since 1990 causing outbreaks of major impact on public health and for this reason great efforts have been made for its temporal control. currently, with the expansion of the chikungunya virus in the americas and the threat of the emergence of the virus in iquitos, we reflect on lessons learned by way of the activities undertaken in the area of vector control; epidemiological surveillance, diagnosis and clinical management during periods of outbreaks of dengue, in a wa ... | 2015 | 26102121 |
| susceptibility of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti to three imported chikungunya virus strains, including the e1/226v variant in taiwan. | an e1/226v variant chikungunya virus (chikv) efficiently transmitted by aedes albopictus to humans poses a significant threat to public health for those areas with the presence of aedes albopictus, including taiwan. | 2015 | 25715998 |
| chikungunya. | chikungunya is an acute viral disease characterised by fever and painful arthralgia. the arthritic symptoms associated with chikungunya can be debilitating and may persist for months or even years in some patients. severe neurological complications such as encephalitis have also been reported during recent large outbreaks. the disease is caused by chikungunya virus (chikv), a mosquito-borne alphavirus from the togaviridae family, which has recently emerged to become one of the most important exo ... | 2015 | 26601450 |
| arbovirus surveillance and first report of chikungunya virus in wild populations of aedes aegypti from guerrero, mexico. | we carried out dengue (denv) and chikungunya virus (chikv) surveillance in wild populations of aedes aegypti from guerrero, mexico, from 2012 to 2014 following a standard national protocol of the mexican dengue control program. a total of 284 pools (15-30 specimens/pool) of female mosquitoes were tested with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to detect denv and chikv. we report for the 1st time the detection of chikv from field-collected mosquitoes at acapulco and juchitán ... | 2015 | 26375910 |
| assessing carbon dioxide and synthetic lure-baited traps for dengue and chikungunya vector surveillance (3). | the aedes mosquito vectors of dengue virus (denv) and chikungunya virus (chikv) are attracted to specific host cues that are not generated by traditional light traps. for this reason multiple companies have designed traps to specifically target those species. recently the standard trap for denv and chikv vectors, the bg-sentinel (bgs) trap, has been remodeled to be more durable and better suited for use in harsh field conditions, common during military operations, and relabeled the bg-sentinel 2 ... | 2015 | 26375905 |
| detection of dengue virus in individual aedes aegypti mosquitoes in delhi, india. | delhi, the capital city of india, has so far witnessed several outbreaks of dengue fever since 1967 (last one reported in 2013). improved virological and entomological surveillance are the only tools that can help in prevention of dengue as well as in the development of dengue control programmes. the aim of the study was to conduct a prospective field study to detect dengue virus in adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected from various localities represented by different socioeconomic groups in ... | 2015 | 26119544 |
| [vertical transmission of dengue virus in aedes aegypti, peru]. | 2015 | 26102125 | |
| [dengue in peru: a quarter century after its reemergence]. | a health problem each time more frequent and dispersed in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, including peru where it entered in 1990, is dengue. it is produced by the dengue virus with four serotypes and transmitted by aedes aegypti, a vector that coexists with humans and whose presence is favored by deficient sanitary, social and economic conditions. manifestations of severe forms of the disease such as shock and bleeding, are related to the frequent co-circulation of the four serotyp ... | 2015 | 26102118 |
| development and validation of an arthropod maceration protocol for zoonotic pathogen detection in mosquitoes and fleas. | arthropod-borne diseases remain a pressing international public health concern. while progress has been made in the rapid detection of arthropod-borne pathogens via quantitative real-time (qpcr), or even hand-held detection devices, a simple and robust maceration and nucleic acid extraction method is necessary to implement biosurveillance capabilities. in this study, a comparison of maceration techniques using five types of beads followed by nucleic acid extraction and detection were tested usin ... | 2015 | 26047188 |
| dengue virus detection in aedes aegypti larvae from southeastern brazil. | the transmission of dengue, the most important arthropod-borne viral disease in brazil, has been intensified over the past decades, along with the accompanying expansion and adaptation of its aedes vectors. in the present study, we mapped dengue vectors in ouro preto and ouro branco, minas gerais, by installing ovitraps in 32 public schools. the traps were examined monthly between september, 2011 through july, 2012 and november, 2012 to april, 2013. the larvae were reared until the fourth stadiu ... | 2015 | 26047186 |
| sero-prevalence of dengue infections in the kassala state in the eastern part of the sudan in 2011. | dengue fever is a vector-borne disease that is transmitted to humans by infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes. the eastern part of the sudan is one of the regions that is affected by dengue virus circulation. in this study, we estimated the prevalence of dengue infections in the kassala state in the eastern part of the sudan. the study objective was to estimate the sero-prevalence of dengue igg/igm antibodies in the kassala locality in 2011. this was a cross sectional community-based study that util ... | 2015 | 25975993 |
| natural transovarial transmission of dengue virus 4 in aedes aegypti from cuiabá, state of mato grosso, brazil. | dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease in tropical areas. in mato grosso, outbreaks are reported every year, but studies on dengue in this state are scarce. | 2015 | 25860459 |
| susceptibility of indigenous and transplanted mosquito spp. to dengue virus in japan. | dengue fever, an acute, mosquito-borne, febrile illness caused by flavivirus spp., is a problem in africa, south and southeast asia, latin america, and the caribbean. a dengue outbreak occurred after nearly 70 years of absence or no detection, and then 158 autochthonous cases occurred in japan from august to october 15, 2014. the most competent mosquito vectors for dengue virus transmission were aedes aegypti and a. albopictus. since a. albopictus is widely distributed across japan and a. aegypt ... | 2015 | 25766611 |
| a role for vector control in dengue vaccine programs. | development and deployment of a successful dengue virus (denv) vaccine has confounded research and pharmaceutical entities owing to the complex nature of denv immunity and concerns over exacerbating the risk of denv hemorrhagic fever (dhf) as a consequence of vaccination. thus, consensus is growing that a combination of mitigation strategies will be needed for denv to be successfully controlled, likely involving some form of vector control to enhance a vaccine program. we present here a determin ... | 2015 | 26478199 |
| comparative efficacy of existing surveillance tools for aedes aegypti in western kenya. | all traditional surveillance techniques for aedes aegypti have been developed for the cosmopolitan domestic subspecies ae. aegypti aegypti, and not the sylvatic subspecies, ae. aegypti formosus. the predominant form in western kenya is ae. aegypti formosus that is rarely associated with human habitations but is linked to transmission of sylvatic dengue virus strains. we compared five surveillance methods for their effectiveness in sampling ae. aegypti formosus with the goal of determining a sust ... | 2015 | 26611965 |
| innate antiviral immunity against dengue virus. | dengue virus (denv), the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral diseases in humans worldwide, causes dengue fever, a mild form of the disease, as well as dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, a more severe form which can be life-threatening. the four serotypes of denv (denv1-4) are positive-sense, single stranded rna virus belonging to the flaviviridae family and are transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. together, they are estimated to cause almost 100 million symp ... | 2015 | 26559229 |
| protein-protein interactions between a. aegypti midgut and dengue virus 2: two-hybrid screens using the midgut cdna library. | dengue virus (denv) is principally transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito. to date, mosquito population control remains the key strategy for reducing the continuing spread of denv. the focus on the development of new vector control strategies through an understanding of the mosquito-virus relationship is essential, especially targeting the midgut, which is the first mosquito organ exposed to denv infection. | 2015 | 26719940 |
| first evidence of dengue virus infection in wild caught mosquitoes during an outbreak in assam, northeast india. | dengue is one of the major public health problems worldwide, transmitted mainly by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes. rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have led to an increase in vector population in northeastern states of india. in 2013, guwahati, the capital city of assam, india experienced an outbreak of dengue. this study was undertaken with an objective to determine infection rates of dengue viruses (denv) in both the established vectors present in this region. | 2015 | 26714508 |
| [estimation of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) productivity in households and public spaces in a dengue endemic city in colombia]. | aedes aegypti is a vector for the dengue virus in colombia. its productivity can be estimated using pupal counts. | 2015 | 26535548 |
| essential oils from zanthoxylum fagara wild lime, ruta chalepensis l. and thymus vulgaris l.: composition and activity against aedes aegypti larvae. | the dengue virus is transmitted by aedes aegypti. several plants are used to control this mosquito. in the present study the chemical composition of the essential oils of ruta chalepensis, zanthoxylum fagara and thymus vulgaris were analyzed, and their activities against larvae of two a. aegypti populations were evaluated. the major compounds found in t. vulgaris were thymol and -cymene at 39.8% and 30.5%, respectively, with the major components being oxygenated monoterpenes and monoterpene hyd ... | 2015 | 26525020 |
| natural vertical transmission of dengue viruses in aedes aegypti in selected sites in cebu city, philippines. | we attempted to determine the vertical transmission of dengue virus (denv) in aedes aegypti in selected sites in cebu city, philippines. mosquito sub-adults were collected monthly from households and the field during the wet-dry-wet season from november, 2011 to july, 2012 and were laboratory-reared to adults. viral rna extracts in mosquitoes were assayed by hemi-nested rt-pcr. results showed that 62 (36.26%; n=679) out of 171 mosquito pools (n=2,871) were denv+. the minimum infection rate (mir) ... | 2015 | 26611963 |
| chikungunya: here today, where tomorrow? | 2015 | 25576501 | |
| susceptibility profile of aedes aegypti from santiago island, cabo verde, to insecticides. | in 2009, cabo verde diagnosed the first dengue cases, with 21,137 cases reported and aedes aegypti was identified as the vector. since the outbreak, chemical insecticides and source reduction were used to control the mosquito population. this study aimed to assess the susceptibility of a. aegypti populations from santiago, cabo verde to insecticides and identify the mechanisms of resistance. samples of a. aegypti eggs were obtained at two different time periods (2012 and 2014), using ovitraps in ... | 2015 | 26307496 |
| bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis producing endochitinase chia74δsp inclusions and its improved activity against aedes aegypti. | the objective of this study was to produce stable inclusions of chitinase chia74δsp in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) and to assay its insecticidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae. | 2015 | 26434743 |
| evaluating liquid and granular bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis broadcast applications for controlling vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses in artificial containers and tree holes. | the principal vectors of chikungunya and dengue viruses typically oviposit in water-filled artificial and natural containers, including tree holes. despite the risk these and similar tree hole-inhabiting mosquitoes present to global public health, surprisingly few studies have been conducted to determine an efficient method of applying larvicides specifically to tree holes. the stihl sr 450, a backpack sprayer commonly utilized during military and civilian vector control operations, may be suita ... | 2015 | 26335473 |
| the genetic architecture of a complex trait: resistance to multiple toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in the dengue and yellow fever vector, the mosquito aedes aegypti. | the bacterial insecticide bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) is an increasingly popular alternative to chemical insecticides for controlling mosquito populations. because bti toxicity relies on the action of four main toxins, resistance to bti is very likely a complex phenotype involving several genes simultaneously. dissecting the underlying genetic basis thus requires associating a quantitative measure of resistance to genetic variation at many loci in a segregating population. he ... | 2015 | 26238211 |
| [effect of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) on detoxification enzyme activity of larvae of culex pipiens pallens and aedes aegypti]. | to investigate the effect of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) on the activities of three detoxification enzymes of culex pipiens pallens and aedes aegypti larvae. | 2015 | 26767261 |
| effects of the p20 protein from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on insecticidal crystal protein cry4ba. | the accessory protein p20 from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis has been defined as an important molecular chaperone for forming crystal cyt1aa, and enhancing cry11aa and cry4aa expression. to investigate its putative role in cry4ba delta-endotoxin production and toxicity, a p20 gene was cloned and introduced into b. thuringiensis recombinant strain expressing cry4ba type gene (cry4blb). the delta-endotoxin synthesis was enhanced by 262%. the generated inclusions were assayed against third ins ... | 2015 | 25931398 |
| two specific membrane-bound aminopeptidase n isoforms from aedes aegypti larvae serve as functional receptors for the bacillus thuringiensis cry4ba toxin implicating counterpart specificity. | the interaction between bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins and their receptors on midgut cells of susceptible insect larvae is the critical determinant in toxin specificity. besides gpi-linked alkaline phosphatase in aedes aegypti mosquito-larval midguts, membrane-bound aminopeptidase n (aaeapn) is widely thought to serve as a cry4ba receptor. here, two full-length aaeapn isoforms, aaeapn2778 and aaeapn2783, predicted to be gpi-linked were cloned and successfully expressed in spodoptera frugiperd ... | 2015 | 25871797 |
| maintenance of residual activity of bt toxin by using natural and synthetic dyes: a novel approach for sustainable mosquito vector control. | mosquito control protein from bacillus thuringiensis gets inactivated with exposure to sunlight. to address this issue, the potential of synthetic and natural dye was investigated as sunlight protectants. bt sv2 in absence of dyes when exposed to sunlight showed reduced effectiveness against the fourth instars of mosquito larvae. whereas acriflavin, congo red and violacein were able to maintain 86.4%, 91.6% and 82.2% mosquito larvicidal efficacy of bt sv2 against ivth instars larvae of anopheles ... | 2015 | 25699646 |
| functional assembly of 260-kda oligomers required for mosquito-larvicidal activity of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4ba toxin. | oligomerization has been shown to contribute to the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins. mutations have been made in the cry4ba toxin and resulted in toxic to non-toxic mutants toward aedes aegypti larvae. in this study, cry4ba wild type and mutants were analyzed for oligomer formation in vitro, biochemical properties and their relationships with larvicidal activity. in vitro, the cry4ba forms two-main types of the oligomers including (1) the 260-kda and larger oligomers, which assembl ... | 2015 | 25687547 |
| characterisation of novel bacillus thuringiensis isolates against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and ceratitis capitata (diptera: tephridae). | bacillus thuringiensis is successfully used in pest management strategies as an eco-friendly bioinsecticide. isolation and identification of new strains with a wide variety of target pests is an ever growing field. in this paper, new b. thuringiensis isolates were investigated to search for original strains active against diptera and able to produce novel toxins that could be used as an alternative for the commercial h14 strain. biochemical and molecular characterization revealed a remarkable di ... | 2015 | 25433312 |
| cry4ba and cyt1aa proteins from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis: interactions and toxicity mechanism against aedes aegypti. | individual crystal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis exhibit variable levels of insecticidal activities against mosquito larvae. in all cases, they are much less active compared to the whole crystal proteins due to described complex synergistic interactions among them. in the present study we investigated the effects of cyt1a98 (a cyt1aa type protein) on cry4blb (a cry4ba type toxin) insecticidal activity toward the dengue vector aedes aegypti. the bioassay analyses demonstrated t ... | 2015 | 26238170 |
| extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using bacillus megaterium against malarial and dengue vector (diptera: culicidae). | biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has provoked nowadays and alternative to physical and chemical approaches. in the present study, silver nanoparticles (agnps) were synthesized extracellular method using bacillus megaterium. the agnps formations were confirmed initially through color change, and the aliquots were characterized through uv-visible spectrophotometer, followed by scanning electron microscopy (sem), energy-dispersive x-ray (edx) spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared (ftir) ... | 2015 | 26231835 |
| s argassum muticum-synthesized silver nanoparticles: an effective control tool against mosquito vectors and bacterial pathogens. | mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. furthermore, pathogens and parasites polluting water also constitute a severe plague for populations of developing countries. in this research, silver nanoparticles (agnp) were synthesized using the aqueous extract of the seaweed sargassum muticum. the production of agnp was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance band illustrated in uv-vis spectrophotometry. agnp were characterized by ftir, sem, edx, and xrd anal ... | 2015 | 26281786 |
| [ecology of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in the americas and disease transmission]. | the recent range expansion of the mosquito aedes albopictus has been associated in some areas by declines in abundance or local elimination of aedes aegypti, but the two species still coexist in large regions of the americas. we offer a summary of the possible mechanisms responsible for the abundance and displacement pattern observed and of their significance in terms of disease transmission. among these mechanisms we may mention the competition for limiting resources, the differences in the abi ... | 2015 | 26535539 |
| evidence of two mechanisms involved in bacillus thuringiensis israelensis decreased toxicity against mosquito larvae: genome dynamic and toxins stability. | biopesticides based on bacillus thuringiensis israelensis are the most used and most successful around the world. this bacterium is characterized by a dynamic genome able to win or lose genetic materials which leads to a decrease in its effectiveness. the detection of such phenomena is of great importance to monitor the stability of b. thuringiensis strains in industrial production processes of biopesticides. new local b. thuringiensis israelensis isolates were investigated. they present variabl ... | 2015 | 26070692 |
| [identification of microrna-like viral small rnas from aaedv]. | several virus families have been shown to encode micrornas (mirnas), which have roles in the infection and replication of viruses in host cells. these virus-encoded mirnas are identified in double-stranded dna virus (dsdna virus) and in several rna virus families, but not in single-stranded dna virus (ssdna virus). we used a bioinformatics approach based on vmir, mirnafold and maturepred software to predict virus-encoded mirna-like small rnas from the genome of a ssdna virus: aedes aegypti denso ... | 2015 | 26738292 |
| insecticidal potency of aspergillus terreus against larvae and pupae of three mosquito species anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti. | microbial control agents offer alternatives to chemical pest control, as they can be more selective than chemical insecticides. the present study evaluates the mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal potential of fungus mycelia using ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts produced by aspergillus terreus against anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti. the a. terreus mycelia were extracted after 15 days from sabouraud dextrose broth medium. the ethyl acetate extracts showed ... | 2015 | 26139412 |
| genome mining offers a new starting point for parasitology research. | parasites including helminthes, protozoa, and medical arthropod vectors are a major cause of global infectious diseases, affecting one-sixth of the world's population, which are responsible for enormous levels of morbidity and mortality important and remain impediments to economic development especially in tropical countries. prevalent drug resistance, lack of highly effective and practical vaccines, as well as specific and sensitive diagnostic markers are proving to be challenging problems in p ... | 2015 | 25563615 |
| [influence of the sodium chloride content of larval resting places on the sensitivity of aedes aegypti to d.d.t., in relation to the development of anai papillae]. | 2015 | 13536763 | |
| larvicidal activity of few select indigenous plants of north east india against disease vector mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes are the vectors of several life threatening diseases like dengue, malaria, japanese encephalitis and lymphatic filariasis, which are widely present in the north-eastern states of india. investigations on five local plants of north-east india, selected on the basis of their use by indigenous communities as fish poison, were carried out to study their mosquito larvicidal potential against anopheles stephensi (malaria vector), stegomyia aegypti (dengue vector) and culex quinquefasciatus ... | 2015 | 25801251 |
| [aedes aegypti larval infestation index and identification of awareness, attitudes and practices related to dengue in tire shops in atlántico, colombia]. | objective to identify the awareness, attitudes and practices related to dengue in owners and workers of tire ships, as well as the levels of mosquito infestation in tire shops in atlántico department - colombia. methods we conducted a descriptive study. the variables were described as percentages and measures of central tendency and dispersion. index of larval infestation and containers were calculated in each of the municipalities studied. we visited and inspected 111 tire shops. 26.1 % (29/111 ... | 2015 | 28453051 |
| cold season mortality under natural conditions and subsequent hatching response of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (diptera: culicidae) eggs in a subtropical city of argentina. | in temperate and subtropical regions, populations of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) survive unfavorable winter conditions in the egg stage. knowing their survival rates can be of great interest for the health authorities in charge of control activities. in this study, we analyzed the mortality of ae. aegypti eggs exposed to the cold season as well as their hatching patterns under laboratory conditions in the city of resistencia, chaco, argentina. the mortality rate was 48.6%. no statistically si ... | 2015 | 26336247 |
| [action of development inhibitors on aedes aegypti l. mosquitoes and rhodnius prolixus stal. bugs. iv. the activity of precocenes]. | 2015 | 7024772 | |
| pre-treatment of stegomyia aegypti mosquitoes with a sublethal dose of imidacloprid impairs behavioural avoidance induced by lemon oil and deet. | the present study was conducted to determine whether imidacloprid can impair the avoidance behaviour of the mosquito stegomyia aegypti. laboratory investigations using a t-maze apparatus showed that st. aegypti mosquitoes present long term avoidance behaviour when they are exposed to repetitive trials with lemon oil and deet. the present study tested the effect of a sublethal dose of imidacloprid on the avoidance behaviour of st. aegypti mosquitoes over a 48 h period. data suggest that 0.5 ng of ... | 2015 | 25155403 |
| new state records of mosquitoes for colorado. | the 1967 treatment of the mosquitoes of colorado by harmston and lawson and subsequent publications have recorded 46 culicid species from colorado. as part of a study to create an updated synopsis of the mosquitoes of colorado, adult trapping at numerous localities was conducted in colorado during the summers of 2013 and 2014. this review also included an examination of mosquito specimens in various relevant museum collections. aedes (ochlerotatus) niphadopsis and ae. (och.) spencerii spencerii ... | 2015 | 26181688 |
| insect-pathogen interactions: contribution of viral adaptation to the emergence of vector-borne diseases, the example of chikungunya. | the emergence or re-emergence of vector borne diseases represents a major public health problem. in general, therapeutic or prophylactic treatments along with vaccines are missing or inefficient, emphasizing the need for increased control of vector populations. understanding the interactions of human pathogens with their insect vectors will aid us in our understanding of viral emergence and the dynamics of these events. chikungunya virus (chikv) is a mosquito-borne virus that typically causes in ... | 2015 | 29588001 |
| is there a risk of chikungunya transmission in canada? | an outbreak of chikungunya virus infection is currently underway in the caribbean, central america and south america, and autochthonous (local or indigenous) transmission has occurred in the southeastern united states. the mosquito species known to transmit chikungunya-aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus-are not known to reside in canada at this time. but how comfortable can we be that this situation will continue? here we explore four key conditions that must be met for transmission of chikungun ... | 2015 | 29769915 |
| persistent infection by wolbachia walbb has no effect on composition of the gut microbiota in adult female anopheles stephensi. | the bacteria in the midgut of anopheles stephensi adult females from laboratory colonies were studied by sequencing the v4 region of 16s rrna genes, with respect to three experimental factors: stable or cured wolbachia infection; sugar or blood diet; and age. proteobacteria and bacteroidetes dominated the community [>90% of operational taxonomic units (otus)]; most taxa were in the classes flavobacteriia, gammaproteobacteria, and alphaproteobacteria, and were assigned to elizabethkingia (46.9%), ... | 2016 | 27708633 |
| functional integration of the circulatory, immune, and respiratory systems in mosquito larvae: pathogen killing in the hemocyte-rich tracheal tufts. | as both larvae and adults, mosquitoes encounter a barrage of immune insults, ranging from microbe-rich communities in larval habitats to ingested blood-borne pathogens in adult blood meals. given that mosquito adults have evolved an efficient means of eliminating infections in their hemocoel (body cavity) via the coordinated action of their immune and circulatory systems, the goal of the present study was to determine whether such functional integration is also present in larvae. | 2016 | 27643786 |
| symbiosis with francisella tularensis provides resistance to pathogens in the silkworm. | francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a highly virulent facultative intracellular pathogen found in a wide range of animals, including arthropods, and environments. this bacterium has been known for over 100 years, but the lifestyle of f. tularensis in natural reservoirs remains largely unknown. thus, we established a novel natural host model for f. tularensis using the silkworm (bombyx mori), which is an insect model for infection by pathogens. f. tularensis established a ... | 2016 | 27507264 |
| evidence for the induction of key components of the notch signaling pathway via deltamethrin and azamethiphos treatment in the sea louse caligus rogercresseyi. | the extensive use of organophosphates and pyrethroids in the aquaculture industry has negatively impacted parasite sensitivity to the delousing effects of these antiparasitics, especially among sea lice species. the notch signaling pathway is a positive regulator of abc transporter subfamily c expression and plays a key role in the generation and modulation of pesticide resistance. however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind pesticide resistance, partly due to the lack of geno ... | 2016 | 27187362 |
| advances and limitations of disease biogeography using ecological niche modeling. | mapping disease transmission risk is crucial in public and animal health for evidence based decision-making. ecology and epidemiology are highly related disciplines that may contribute to improvements in mapping disease, which can be used to answer health related questions. ecological niche modeling is increasingly used for understanding the biogeography of diseases in plants, animals, and humans. however, epidemiological applications of niche modeling approaches for disease mapping can fail to ... | 2016 | 27547199 |
| diversity, evolution and medical applications of insect antimicrobial peptides. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are short proteins with antimicrobial activity. a large portion of known amps originate from insects, and the number and diversity of these molecules in different species varies considerably. insect amps represent a potential source of alternative antibiotics to address the limitation of current antibiotics, which has been caused by the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens. to get more insight into amps, we investigated the diversity and evolution o ... | 2016 | 27160593 |
| open-air biowarfare testing and the evolution of values. | the united states and the united kingdom ended outdoor biological warfare testing in populated areas nearly half a century ago. yet, the conduct, health effects, and propriety of those tests remain controversial. the varied views reflect the limits of currently available test information and evolving societal values on research involving human subjects. western political culture has changed since the early days of the american and british testing programs. people have become less reluctant to qu ... | 2016 | 27564984 |
| functional genomic analyses of enterobacter, anopheles and plasmodium reciprocal interactions that impact vector competence. | malaria exerts a tremendous socioeconomic impact worldwide despite current control efforts, and novel disease transmission-blocking strategies are urgently needed. the enterobacter bacterium esp_z, which is naturally harboured in the mosquito midgut, can inhibit the development of plasmodium parasites prior to their invasion of the midgut epithelium through a mechanism that involves oxidative stress. here, a multifaceted approach is used to study the tripartite interactions between the mosquito, ... | 2016 | 27549662 |
| transfer of dna from bacteria to eukaryotes. | historically, the members of the agrobacterium genus have been considered the only bacterial species naturally able to transfer and integrate dna into the genomes of their eukaryotic hosts. yet, increasing evidence suggests that this ability to genetically transform eukaryotic host cells might be more widespread in the bacterial world. indeed, analyses of accumulating genomic data reveal cases of horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to eukaryotes and suggest that it represents a significant fo ... | 2016 | 27406565 |
| horizontal transfer of β-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes. | horizontal gene transfer (hgt) is a movement of genetic information occurring outside of normal mating activities. it is especially common between prokaryotic endosymbionts and their protozoan, insect, and nematode hosts. although beta carbonic anhydrase (β-ca) plays a crucial role in metabolic functions of many living organisms, the origin of β-ca genes in eukaryotic species remains unclear. | 2016 | 26983858 |
| how to predict molecular interactions between species? | organisms constantly interact with other species through physical contact which leads to changes on the molecular level, for example the transcriptome. these changes can be monitored for all genes, with the help of high-throughput experiments such as rna-seq or microarrays. the adaptation of the gene expression to environmental changes within cells is mediated through complex gene regulatory networks. often, our knowledge of these networks is incomplete. network inference predicts gene regulator ... | 2016 | 27065992 |
| arbovirosis and potential transmission blocking vaccines. | infectious diseases caused by arboviruses (viruses transmitted by arthropods) are undergoing unprecedented epidemic activity and geographic expansion. with the recent introduction of west nile virus (1999), chikungunya virus (2013) and zika virus (2015) to the americas, stopping or even preventing the expansion of viruses into susceptible populations is an increasing concern. with a few exceptions, available vaccines protecting against arboviral infections are nonexistent and current disease pre ... | 2016 | 27664127 |
| characterization of drosophila cmp-sialic acid synthetase activity reveals unusual enzymatic properties. | cmp-sialic acid synthetase (csas) is a key enzyme of the sialylation pathway. csas produces the activated sugar donor, cmp-sialic acid, which serves as a substrate for sialyltransferases to modify glycan termini with sialic acid. unlike other animal csass that normally localize in the nucleus, drosophila melanogaster csas (dmcsas) localizes in the cell secretory compartment, predominantly in the golgi, which suggests that this enzyme has properties distinct from those of its vertebrate counterpa ... | 2016 | 27114558 |
| novel nad+-farnesal dehydrogenase from polygonum minus leaves. purification and characterization of enzyme in juvenile hormone iii biosynthetic pathway in plant. | juvenile hormone iii is of great concern due to negative effects on major developmental and reproductive maturation in insect pests. thus, the elucidation of enzymes involved jh iii biosynthetic pathway has become increasing important in recent years. one of the enzymes in the jh iii biosynthetic pathway that remains to be isolated and characterized is farnesal dehydrogenase, an enzyme responsible to catalyze the oxidation of farnesal into farnesoic acid. a novel nad+-farnesal dehydrogenase of p ... | 2016 | 27560927 |
| tetrapyrroles as endogenous tspo ligands in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: comparisons with synthetic ligands. | the 18 kda translocator protein (tspo) is highly 0conserved in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. since its discovery in 1977, numerous studies established the tspo's importance for life essential functions. for these studies, synthetic tspo ligands typically are applied. tetrapyrroles present endogenous ligands for the tspo. tetrapyrroles are also evolutionarily conserved and regulate multiple functions. tspo and tetrapyrroles regulate each other. in animals tspo-tetrapyrrole interactions range from e ... | 2016 | 27271616 |
| identification of abcc2 as a binding protein of cry1ac on brush border membrane vesicles from helicoverpa armigera by an improved pull-down assay. | cry1ac toxin-binding proteins from helicoverpa armigera brush border membrane vesicles were identified by an improved pull-down method that involves coupling cry1ac to cnbr agarose combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). according to the lc-ms/ms results, cry1ac toxin could bind to six classes of aminopeptidase-n, alkaline phosphatase, cadherin-like protein, atp-binding cassette transporter subfamily c protein (abcc2), actin, atpase, polycalin, and some other pro ... | 2016 | 27037552 |
| use of a probabilistic motif search to identify histidine phosphotransfer domain-containing proteins. | the wealth of newly obtained proteomic information affords researchers the possibility of searching for proteins of a given structure or function. here we describe a general method for the detection of a protein domain of interest in any species for which a complete proteome exists. in particular, we apply this approach to identify histidine phosphotransfer (hpt) domain-containing proteins across a range of eukaryotic species. from the sequences of known hpt domains, we created an amino acid occ ... | 2016 | 26751210 |
| design and testing of novel lethal ovitrap to reduce populations of aedes mosquitoes: community-based participatory research between industry, academia and communities in peru and thailand. | dengue virus (and chikungunya and zika viruses) is transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes and causes considerable human morbidity and mortality. as there is currently no vaccine or chemoprophylaxis to protect people from dengue virus infection, vector control is the only viable option for disease prevention. the purpose of this paper is to illustrate the design and placement process for an attractive lethal ovitrap to reduce vector populations and to describe lessons learne ... | 2016 | 27532497 |
| wolbachia biocontrol strategies for arboviral diseases and the potential influence of resident wolbachia strains in mosquitoes. | arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes are a major cause of human disease worldwide. the absence of vaccines and effective vector control strategies has resulted in the need for novel mosquito control strategies. the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia has been proposed to form the basis for an effective mosquito biocontrol strategy. resident strains of wolbachia inhibit viral replication in drosophila fruit flies and induce a reproductive phenotype known as cytoplasmic incompatibility that allows ... | 2016 | 26925368 |
| mosquito-transmitted viruses - the great brazilian challenge. | arboviruses pose a serious threat to public health worldwide, overloading the healthcare system and causing economic losses. these viruses form a very diverse group, and in brazil, arboviruses belonging to the families flaviviridae and togaviridae are predominant. unfortunately, the number of arboviruses increases in proportion with factors such as deforestation, poor sanitation, climate changes, and introduction of new viruses like chikungunya virus and zika virus. in brazil, dengue is endemic, ... | 2016 | 27818091 |
| the viral capping enzyme nsp1: a novel target for the inhibition of chikungunya virus infection. | the chikungunya virus (chikv) has become a substantial global health threat due to its massive re-emergence, the considerable disease burden and the lack of vaccines or therapeutics. we discovered a novel class of small molecules ([1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-7(6h)-ones) with potent in vitro activity against chikv isolates from different geographical regions. drug-resistant variants were selected and these carried a p34s substitution in non-structural protein 1 (nsp1), the main enzyme involve ... | 2016 | 27545976 |
| mosquito communities and disease risk influenced by land use change and seasonality in the australian tropics. | anthropogenic land use changes have contributed considerably to the rise of emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne diseases. these diseases appear to be increasing as a result of the novel juxtapositions of habitats and species that can result in new interchanges of vectors, diseases and hosts. we studied whether the mosquito community structure varied between habitats and seasons and whether known disease vectors displayed habitat preferences in tropical australia. | 2016 | 27388293 |
| the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis ll5 embryonic cell line has active toll and imd pathways and shows immune responses to bacteria, yeast and leishmania. | lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in latin america. sandfly immune responses are poorly understood. in previous work we showed that these vector insects respond to bacterial infections by modulating a defensin gene expression and activate the imd pathway in response to leishmania infection. aspects of innate immune pathways in insects (including mosquito vectors of human diseases) have been revealed by studying insect cell lines, and we have previously demonstrat ... | 2016 | 27098567 |
| emerging role of lipid droplets in aedes aegypti immune response against bacteria and dengue virus. | in mammals, lipid droplets (lds) are ubiquitous organelles that modulate immune and inflammatory responses through the production of lipid mediators. in insects, it is unknown whether lds play any role during the development of immune responses. we show that aedes aegypti aag2 cells - an immune responsive cell lineage - accumulates lds when challenged with enterobacter cloacae, sindbis, and dengue viruses. microarray analysis of aag2 challenged with e.cloacae or infected with dengue virus reveal ... | 2016 | 26887863 |
| depletion of alveolar macrophages does not prevent hantavirus disease pathogenesis in golden syrian hamsters. | andes virus (andv) is associated with a lethal vascular leak syndrome in humans termed hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). the mechanism for the massive vascular leakage associated with hps is poorly understood; however, dysregulation of components of the immune response is often suggested as a possible cause. alveolar macrophages are found in the alveoli of the lung and represent the first line of defense to many airborne pathogens. to determine whether alveolar macrophages play a role in hps ... | 2016 | 27099308 |
| unique features of a global human ectoparasite identified through sequencing of the bed bug genome. | the bed bug, cimex lectularius, has re-established itself as a ubiquitous human ectoparasite throughout much of the world during the past two decades. this global resurgence is likely linked to increased international travel and commerce in addition to widespread insecticide resistance. analyses of the c. lectularius sequenced genome (650 mb) and 14,220 predicted protein-coding genes provide a comprehensive representation of genes that are linked to traumatic insemination, a reduced chemosensory ... | 2016 | 26836814 |
| analysis of protein composition and bioactivity of neoponera villosa venom (hymenoptera: formicidae). | ants cause a series of accidents involving humans. such accidents generate different reactions in the body, ranging from a mild irritation at the bite site to anaphylactic shock, and these reactions depend on the mechanism of action of the venom. the study of animal venom is a science known as venomics. through venomics, the composition of the venom of several ant species has already been characterized and their biological activities described. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pro ... | 2016 | 27110765 |
| tiger mosquito - generated devastation in the biosphere!!! | 2016 | 27041891 | |
| wolbachia blocks viral genome replication early in infection without a transcriptional response by the endosymbiont or host small rna pathways. | the intracellular endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia can protect insects against viral infection, and is being introduced into mosquito populations in the wild to block the transmission of arboviruses that infect humans and are a major public health concern. to investigate the mechanisms underlying this antiviral protection, we have developed a new model system combining wolbachia-infected drosophila melanogaster cell culture with the model mosquito-borne semliki forest virus (sfv; togaviridae, a ... | 2016 | 27089431 |
| pirna pathway is not required for antiviral defense in drosophila melanogaster. | since its discovery, rna interference has been identified as involved in many different cellular processes, and as a natural antiviral response in plants, nematodes, and insects. in insects, the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway is the major antiviral response. in recent years, the piwi-interacting rna (pirna) pathway also has been implicated in antiviral defense in mosquitoes infected with arboviruses. using drosophila melanogaster and an array of viruses that infect the fruit fly acutely o ... | 2016 | 27357659 |
| zika virus strains potentially display different infectious profiles in human neural cells. | the recent zika virus (zikv) epidemic has highlighted the poor knowledge on its physiopathology. recent studies showed that zikv of the asian lineage, responsible for this international outbreak, causes neuropathology in vitro and in vivo. however, two african lineages exist and the virus is currently found circulating in africa. the original african strain was also suggested to be neurovirulent but its laboratory usage has been criticized due to its multiple passages. in this study, we compared ... | 2016 | 27688094 |
| transstadial effects of bti on traits of aedes aegypti and infection with dengue virus. | most mosquito control efforts are primarily focused on reducing the adult population size mediated by reductions in the larval population, which should lower risk of disease transmission. although the aim of larviciding is to reduce larval abundance and thus recruitment of adults, nonlethal effects on adults are possible, including transstadial effects on phenotypes of adults such as survival and pathogen infection and transmission. in addition, the mortality induced by control efforts may act i ... | 2016 | 26871951 |
| small rna profiling in dengue virus 2-infected aedes mosquito cells reveals viral pirnas and novel host mirnas. | in aedes mosquitoes, infections with arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) trigger or modulate the expression of various classes of viral and host-derived small rnas, including small interfering rnas (sirnas), piwi interacting rnas (pirnas), and micrornas (mirnas). viral sirnas are at the core of the antiviral rna interference machinery, one of the key pathways that limit virus replication in invertebrates. besides sirnas, aedes mosquitoes and cells derived from these insects produce arbovirus-d ... | 2016 | 26914027 |
| a glance at subgenomic flavivirus rnas and micrornas in flavivirus infections. | the family flaviviridae comprises a wide variety of viruses that are distributed worldwide, some of which are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. there are neither vaccines nor antivirals for most flavivirus infections, reinforcing the importance of research on different aspects of the viral life cycle. during infection, cytoplasmic accumulation of rna fragments mainly originating from the 3' utrs, which have been designated subgenomic flavivirus rnas (sfrnas), has been detect ... | 2016 | 27233361 |
| the strica homolog aacasps16 is involved in apoptosis in the yellow fever vector, aedes albopictus. | caspases are a family of cysteine proteases playing essential roles during apoptosis. seven caspases identified in drosophila were dronc, dredd, strica, dcp-1, decay, drice and damm. among them, strica is an insect-specific caspase containing a long serine- and threonine- rich prodomain, of which function is not yet well studied. here we identified a homolog of strica from aedes albopictus, named as aacasps16. aacasps16 encoded a protein containing a putative serine- and threonine-rich prodomain ... | 2016 | 27351972 |
| genome investigations of vector competence in aedes aegypti to inform novel arbovirus disease control approaches. | dengue (denv), yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika virus transmission to humans by a mosquito host is confounded by both intrinsic and extrinsic variables. besides virulence factors of the individual arboviruses, likelihood of virus transmission is subject to variability in the genome of the primary mosquito vector, aedes aegypti. the "vectorial capacity" of a. aegypti varies depending upon its density, biting rate, and survival rate, as well as its intrinsic ability to acquire, host and transmi ... | 2016 | 27809220 |
| climate change influences on the global potential distribution of the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus, vector of west nile virus and lymphatic filariasis. | rapid emergence of most vector-borne diseases (vbds) may be associated with range expansion of vector populations. culex quinquefasciatus say 1823 is a potential vector of west nile virus, saint louis encephalitis virus, and lymphatic filariasis. we estimated the potential distribution of cx. quinquefasciatus under both current and future climate conditions. the present potential distribution of cx. quinquefasciatus showed high suitability across low-latitude parts of the world, reflecting the c ... | 2016 | 27695107 |
| morphological abnormalities and cell death in the asian citrus psyllid (diaphorina citri) midgut associated with candidatus liberibacter asiaticus. | candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (clas) is a phloem-limited, gram-negative, fastidious bacterium that is associated with the development of citrus greening disease, also known as huanglongbing (hlb). clas is transmitted by the asian citrus psyllid (acp) diaphorina citri, in a circulative manner. two major barriers to transmission within the insect are the midgut and the salivary glands. we performed a thorough microscopic analysis within the insect midgut following exposure to clas-infected cit ... | 2016 | 27630042 |
| the insect-specific palm creek virus modulates west nile virus infection in and transmission by australian mosquitoes. | insect-specific viruses do not replicate in vertebrate cells, but persist in mosquito populations and are highly prevalent in nature. these viruses may naturally regulate the transmission of pathogenic vertebrate-infecting arboviruses in co-infected mosquitoes. following the isolation of the first australian insect-specific flavivirus (isf), palm creek virus (pcv), we investigated routes of infection and transmission of this virus in key australian arbovirus vectors and its impact on replication ... | 2016 | 27457250 |
| vertical transmission of indian ocean lineage of chikungunya virus in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. | the re-emergence of chikungunya (chik) fever in thailand has been caused by a novel lineage of chikungunya virus (chikv) termed the indian ocean lineage (iol). the aedes albopictus mosquito is thought to be a primary vector of chik fever in thailand, whereas ae. aegypti acts as a secondary vector of the virus. the vertical transmission is believed to be a primary means to maintain chikv in nature and may be associated with an increased risk of outbreak. therefore, the goal of this study was to a ... | 2016 | 27108077 |
| alphavirus infection: host cell shut-off and inhibition of antiviral responses. | alphaviruses cause debilitating disease in humans and animals and are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods, typically mosquitoes. with a traditional focus on two models, sindbis virus and semliki forest virus, alphavirus research has significantly intensified in the last decade partly due to the re-emergence and dramatic expansion of chikungunya virus in asia, europe, and the americas. as a consequence, alphavirus-host interactions are now understood in much more molecular detail, and importa ... | 2016 | 27294951 |
| vector competence of aedes aegypti and aedes polynesiensis populations from french polynesia for chikungunya virus. | from october 2014 to march 2015, french polynesia experienced for the first time a chikungunya outbreak. two aedes mosquitoes may have contributed to chikungunya virus (chikv) transmission in french polynesia: the worldwide distributed ae. aegypti and the polynesian islands-endemic ae. polynesiensis mosquito. | 2016 | 27144888 |
| viral metagenomics on blood-feeding arthropods as a tool for human disease surveillance. | surveillance and monitoring of viral pathogens circulating in humans and wildlife, together with the identification of emerging infectious diseases (eids), are critical for the prediction of future disease outbreaks and epidemics at an early stage. it is advisable to sample a broad range of vertebrates and invertebrates at different temporospatial levels on a regular basis to detect possible candidate viruses at their natural source. however, virus surveillance systems can be expensive, costly i ... | 2016 | 27775568 |
| an updated checklist of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from madagascar. | an updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from madagascar is presented. the number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). this annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. the 235 species belong to 14 genera: aedeomyia (3 species), aedes (35 species), anophel ... | 2016 | 27101839 |
| development and validation of a quantitative, one-step, multiplex, real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay for detection of dengue and chikungunya viruses. | dengue virus (denv) and chikungunya virus (chikv) are important human pathogens with common transmission vectors and similar clinical presentations. patient care may be impacted by the misdiagnosis of denv and chikv in areas where both viruses cocirculate. in this study, we have developed and validated a one-step multiplex reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) to simultaneously detect, quantify, and differentiate between four denv serotypes (pan-denv) and chikungunya virus. the assay uses taqman te ... | 2016 | 27098955 |
| membrane feeding of dengue patient's blood as a substitute for direct skin feeding in studying aedes-dengue virus interaction. | understanding the interaction between aedes vectors and dengue viruses (denv) has significant implications in determining the transmission dynamics of dengue. the absence of an animal model and ethical concerns regarding direct feeding of mosquitoes on patients has resulted in most infection studies using blood meals spiked with laboratory-cultured denv. data obtained from such studies may not reflect the natural human-mosquito transmission scenario. this study explored the potential of using me ... | 2016 | 27083158 |
| coeloconic sensilla on the antennae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.). | 2016 | 5026452 | |
| zika virus: an update on epidemiology, pathology, molecular biology, and animal model. | zika virus (zikv) was first described in 1947, and became a health emergency problem in 2016 when its association with fetal microcephaly cases was confirmed by centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) in the united states. to date, zikv infection has been documented in 66 countries. zikv is recognized as a neurotropic virus and numerous diseases manifested in multiple neurological disorders have been described, mainly in countries that have been exposed to zikv after the 2007 outbreak i ... | 2016 | 27124623 |
| annotation of the asian citrus psyllid genome reveals a reduced innate immune system. | citrus production worldwide is currently facing significant losses due to citrus greening disease, also known as huanglongbing. the citrus greening bacteria, candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (clas), is a persistent propagative pathogen transmitted by the asian citrus psyllid, diaphorina citri kuwayama (hemiptera: liviidae). hemipterans characterized to date lack a number of insect immune genes, including those associated with the imd pathway targeting gram-negative bacteria. the d. citri draft ... | 2016 | 27965582 |
| disruption of phenylalanine hydroxylase reduces adult lifespan and fecundity, and impairs embryonic development in parthenogenetic pea aphids. | phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) is a key tyrosine-biosynthetic enzyme involved in neurological and melanin-associated physiological processes. despite extensive investigations in holometabolous insects, a pah contribution to insect embryonic development has never been demonstrated. here, we have characterized, for the first time, the pah gene in a hemimetabolous insect, the aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. phylogenetic and sequence analyses confirmed that appah is closely related to metazoan pah, exhi ... | 2016 | 27694983 |
| convergent evolution of trna gene targeting preferences in compact genomes. | in gene-dense genomes, mobile elements are confronted with highly selective pressure to amplify without causing excessive damage to the host. the targeting of trna genes as potentially safe integration sites has been developed by retrotransposons in various organisms such as the social amoeba dictyostelium discoideum and the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. in d. discoideum, trna gene-targeting retrotransposons have expanded to approximately 3 % of the genome. recently obtained genome sequences o ... | 2016 | 27583033 |