Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| chikungunya fever: atypical and lethal cases in the western hemisphere: a venezuelan experience. | a large epidemic of chikungunya fever currently affects the caribbean, central and south america. despite a high number of reported cases, little is known on the occurrence of severe clinical complications. we describe four venezuelan patients with a severe and/or lethal course who exhibit unusual manifestations of the disease. case 1 describes a 75 year-old man with rapid onset of septic shock and multi-organ failure. cases 2 and 3 describe two patients with rapid aggressive clinical course who ... | 2014 | 26793440 |
| the chikungunya epidemic: a look at five cases. | chikungunya is an infection caused by the chikungunya virus and transmitted by the bite of infected mosquito. the most common symptoms of chikungunya virus infection are fever, joint pain or rash. chikungunya virus outbreaks had been identified in countries in africa, asia, europe, and the indian and pacific oceans. in late 2013, the first local transmission of chikungunya virus in the americas was identified in caribbean countries and territories. chikungunya virus disease became a nationally n ... | 2015 | 26793467 |
| identification of the temperature induced larvicidal efficacy of agave angustifolia against aedes, culex, and anopheles larvae. | synthetic insecticides are generally employed to control the mosquito population. however, their injudicious over usage and non-biodegradability are associated with many adverse effects on the environment and mosquitoes. the application of environment-friendly mosquitocidals might be an alternate to overcome these issues. in this study, we found that organic or aqueous extracts of agave angustifolia leaves exhibited a strong larvicidal activity (ld50 28.27 μg/ml) against aedes aegypti, culex qui ... | 2016 | 26793700 |
| delivery of chitosan/dsrna nanoparticles for silencing of wing development vestigial (vg) gene in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | rna interference (rnai) has been used as a gene silencing strategy by the introduction of long double stranded rna (dsrna) for the control of pest insects. the aim of the present study was to examine whether the expression of vg gene which is responsible for wing development, can be repressed by chitosan/dsrna based nanoparticles in aedes aegypti. the vestigial gene (vg) was amplified from adult mosquito and cloned in plitmus28i vector. genetically engineered recombinant plasmid was transformed ... | 2016 | 26794313 |
| mefenamic acid in combination with ribavirin shows significant effects in reducing chikungunya virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | chikungunya virus (chikv) infection is a persistent problem worldwide due to efficient adaptation of the viral vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. therefore, the absence of effective anti-chikv drugs to combat chikungunya outbreaks often leads to a significant impact on public health care. in this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of drugs that are used to alleviate infection symptoms, namely, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), on the premise that ... | 2016 | 26794398 |
| effect of cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) and syzygium aromaticum (clove) oils on the morphology and mortality of aedes aegypti and anopheles dirus larvae. | cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) and syzygium aromaticum (clove) oils were evaluated to determine mortality rates, morphological aberrations, and persistence when used against third and fourth larval instars of aedes aegypti and anopheles dirus. the oils were evaluated at 1, 5, and 10 % concentrations in mixtures with soybean oil. persistence of higher concentrations was measured over a period of 10 days. for ae. aegypti, both plant oils caused various morphological aberrations to include deform ... | 2016 | 26796022 |
| aedes aegypti (l.) in latin american and caribbean region: with growing evidence for vector adaptation to climate change? | within latin america and the caribbean region the impact of climate change has been associated with the effects of rainfall and temperature on seasonal outbreaks of dengue but few studies have been conducted on the impacts of climate on the behaviour and ecology of aedes aegypti mosquitoes.this study was conducted to examine the adaptive behaviours currently being employed by a. aegypti mosquitoes exposed to the force of climate change in lac countries. the literature on the association between ... | 2016 | 26796862 |
| insecticidal activity and insect repellency of four species of sea lily (comatulida: comatulidae) from taiwan. | the methanol and ethyl acetate (ea) extracts of four species of sea lily (himerometra magnipinna, comaster multifidus, comanthina sp., and comatella maculata) were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against yellow-fever mosquito larvae (aedes aegypti) and their repellency against adult asian tiger mosquitoes (aedes albopictus). the 24-hr minimum inhibition concentration (mic) data revealed that the extracts from h. magnipinna and the c. maculata were the most active, killing mosquito larv ... | 2016 | 26798137 |
| serotonergic innervation of the salivary glands and central nervous system of adult glossina pallidipes austen (diptera: glossinidae), and the impact of the salivary gland hypertrophy virus (gpsghv) on the host. | using a serotonin antibody and confocal microscopy, this study reports for the first time direct serotonergic innervation of the muscle sheath covering the secretory region of the salivary glands of adult tsetse fly, glossina pallidipes austen. reports to date, however, note that up until this finding, dipteran species previously studied lack a muscle sheath covering of the secretory region of the salivary glands. direct innervation of the salivary gland muscle sheath of tsetse would facilitate ... | 2016 | 26798144 |
| genetic diversity and phylogeny of aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector in the pacific. | the pacific region is an area unique in the world, composed of thousands of islands with differing climates and environments. the spreading and establishment of the mosquito aedes aegypti in these islands might be linked to human migration. ae. aegypti is the major vector of arboviruses (dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses) in the region. the intense circulation of these viruses in the pacific during the last decade led to an increase of vector control measures by local health authorities. the ... | 2016 | 26799213 |
| accurate transposable element annotation is vital when analyzing new genome assemblies. | transposable elements (tes) are mobile genetic elements with the ability to replicate themselves throughout the host genome. in some taxa tes reach copy numbers in hundreds of thousands and can occupy more than half of the genome. the increasing number of reference genomes from nonmodel species has begun to outpace efforts to identify and annotate te content and methods that are used vary significantly between projects. here, we demonstrate variation that arises in te annotations when less than ... | 2016 | 26802115 |
| something "hairy" in juvenile hormone signaling for mosquito reproduction. | 2016 | 26802123 | |
| whole-genome sequencing analysis from the chikungunya virus caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements. | chikungunya virus (chikv), an alphavirus and member of the togaviridae family, is capable of causing severe febrile disease in humans. in december of 2013 the asian lineage of chikv spread from the old world to the americas, spreading rapidly throughout the new world. given this new emergence in naïve populations we studied the viral genetic diversity present in infected individuals to understand how chikv may have evolved during this continuing outbreak. | 2016 | 26807575 |
| towards plant species identification in complex samples: a bioinformatics pipeline for the identification of novel nuclear barcode candidates. | monitoring of the food chain to fight fraud and protect consumer health relies on the availability of methods to correctly identify the species present in samples, for which dna barcoding is a promising candidate. the nuclear genome is a rich potential source of barcode targets, but has been relatively unexploited until now. here, we show the development and use of a bioinformatics pipeline that processes available genome sequences to automatically screen large numbers of input candidates, ident ... | 2016 | 26807711 |
| high prevalence of west nile virus in domestic birds and detection in 2 new mosquito species in madagascar. | west nile virus is an arthropod-borne zoonosis transmitted by a large number of mosquito species, and birds play a key role as reservoir of the virus. its distribution is largely widespread over africa, asia, the americas and europe. since 1978, it has frequently been reported in madagascar. studies described a high seroprevalence level of the virus in humans in different areas of the island and a human fatal case of wnv infection was reported in 2011. despite these reports, the epidemiology of ... | 2016 | 26807720 |
| the spread of dengue in an endemic urban milieu--the case of delhi, india. | dengue is a major international public health concern, one of the most important arthropod-borne diseases. more than 3.5 billion people are at risk of dengue infection and there are an estimated 390 million dengue infections annually. this prolific increase has been connected to societal changes such as population growth and increasing urbanization generating intense agglomeration leading to proliferation of synanthropic mosquito species. quantifying the spatio-temporal epidemiology of dengue in ... | 2016 | 26808518 |
| infection of mosquito cells (c6/36) by dengue-2 virus interferes with subsequent infection by yellow fever virus. | dengue is one of the most important diseases caused by arboviruses in the world. yellow fever is another arthropod-borne disease of great importance to public health that is endemic to tropical regions of africa and the americas. both yellow fever and dengue viruses are flaviviruses transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes, and then, it is reasonable to consider that in a given moment, mosquito cells could be coinfected by both viruses. therefore, we decided to evaluate if sequential infections o ... | 2016 | 26808727 |
| comprehensive immunolocalization studies of a putative serotonin receptor from the alimentary canal of aedes aegypti larvae suggest its diverse roles in digestion and homeostasis. | serotonin regulates key processes including digestion and homeostasis in insects. serotonin effects are mediated by serotonin receptors that transduce information through initiation of second messenger signaling pathways. lack of information on serotonin receptors associated with the alimentary canal impedes the understanding of the serotonergic role in insect physiology. to address this void, the present study has cloned and identified a putative serotonin receptor (hereafter aaser-1) from the ... | 2016 | 26808995 |
| quantifying interspecific variation in dispersal ability of noctuid moths using an advanced tethered flight technique. | dispersal plays a crucial role in many aspects of species' life histories, yet is often difficult to measure directly. this is particularly true for many insects, especially nocturnal species (e.g. moths) that cannot be easily observed under natural field conditions. consequently, over the past five decades, laboratory tethered flight techniques have been developed as a means of measuring insect flight duration and speed. however, these previous designs have tended to focus on single species (ty ... | 2015 | 26811783 |
| accuracy of dengue reporting by national surveillance system, brazil. | 0 | 26812472 | |
| the risk of dengue virus transmission in dar es salaam, tanzania during an epidemic period of 2014. | in 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2014 dengue outbreaks have been reported in dar es salaam, tanzania. however, there is no comprehensive data on the risk of transmission of dengue in the country. the objective of this study was to assess the risk of transmission of dengue in dar es salaam during the 2014 epidemic. | 2016 | 26812489 |
| characterization of enzymatic profiles of aedes aegypti strains from the state of rio grande do norte, brazil. | this study was conducted in four strains of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to evaluate the enzymatic activity profiles in the city of mossoró, rio grande do norte, and correlate them with biochemical mechanisms of resistance to insecticides. mosquitos were used to quantify the following detoxification enzymes: mixed-function oxidase (mfo), pnpa-esterase (pnpa-est), and acetylcholinesterase (ache). the profiles were compared statistically with profiles from the rockefeller strain, through the kruskal-w ... | 2016 | 26816185 |
| ligand selectivity in tachykinin and natalisin neuropeptidergic systems of the honey bee parasitic mite varroa destructor. | the varroa mite, varroa destructor, is a devastating ectoparasite of the honey bees apis mellifera and a. cerana. control of these mites in beehives is a challenge in part due to the lack of toxic agents that are specific to mites and not to the host honey bee. in searching for a specific toxic target of varroa mites, we investigated two closely related neuropeptidergic systems, tachykinin-related peptide (trp) and natalisin (ntl), and their respective receptors. honey bees lack both ntl and the ... | 2016 | 26817786 |
| mechanisms of sex determination and transmission ratio distortion in aedes aegypti. | more effective mosquito control strategies are urgently required due to the increasing prevalence of insecticide resistance. the sterile insect technique (sit) and the release of insects carrying a dominant lethal allele (ridl) are two proposed methods for environmentally-friendly, species-targeted population control. these methods may be more suitable for developing countries if producers reduce the cost of rearing insects. the cost of control programs could be reduced by producing all-male mos ... | 2016 | 26818000 |
| cross-protection induced by japanese encephalitis vaccines against different genotypes of dengue viruses in mice. | dengue viruses (denvs) and japanese encephalitis virus (jev) are closely related mosquito-borne flaviviruses that cause very high global disease burdens. although cross-reactivity and cross-protection within flaviviruses have been demonstrated, the effect of jev vaccination on susceptibility to denv infection has not been well elucidated. in this study, we found that vaccination with the jev inactivated vaccine (inv) and live attenuated vaccine (lav) could induce cross-immune responses and cross ... | 2016 | 26818736 |
| reference genes for accessing differential expression among developmental stages and analysis of differential expression of obp genes in anastrepha obliqua. | the west indian fruit fly, anastrepha obliqua, is an important agricultural pest in the new world. the use of pesticide-free methods to control invasive species such as this reinforces the search for genes potentially useful in their genetic control. therefore, the study of chemosensory proteins involved with a range of responses to the chemical environment will help not only on the understanding of the species biology but may also help the development of environmentally friendly pest control st ... | 2016 | 26818909 |
| correlation of clinicohaematological parameters in paediatric dengue: a retrospective study. | dengue is one of the arthropod-borne (arbo) viral diseases transmitted by female mosquito aedes aegypti. dengue fever has a wide spectrum of clinical presentation ranging from flu-like illness to severe complicated stage of dengue hemorrhagic fever leading to mortality. this was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in coastal karnataka, south india, to know the correlation between the clinical presentation and haematological parameters in the paediatric cases presented wit ... | 2015 | 26819620 |
| the iflaviruses sacbrood virus and deformed wing virus evoke different transcriptional responses in the honeybee which may facilitate their horizontal or vertical transmission. | sacbrood virus (sbv) and deformed wing virus (dwv) are evolutionarily related positive-strand rna viruses, members of the iflavirus group. they both infect the honeybee apis mellifera but have strikingly different levels of virulence when transmitted orally. honeybee larvae orally infected with sbv usually accumulate high levels of the virus, which halts larval development and causes insect death. in contrast, oral dwv infection at the larval stage usually causes asymptomatic infection with low ... | 2016 | 26819848 |
| larvicidal potential of the halogenated sesquiterpene (+)-obtusol, isolated from the alga laurencia dendroidea j. agardh (ceramiales: rhodomelaceae), against the dengue vector mosquito aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae). | dengue is considered a serious public health problem in many tropical regions of the world including brazil. at the moment, there is no viable alternative to reduce dengue infections other than controlling the insect vector, aedes aegypti linnaeus. in the continuing search for new sources of chemicals targeted at vector control, natural products are a promising alternative to synthetic pesticides. in our work, we investigated the toxicity of a bioactive compound extracted from the red alga laure ... | 2016 | 26821032 |
| accuracy of clinical criteria and an immunochromatographic strip test for dengue diagnosis in a denv-4 epidemic. | early diagnosis of dengue infection is important for decision-making and timely implementation of therapeutic measures. although rapid ns1 assays have been used for dengue diagnosis since 2008, their performance in denv-4 cases has not yet been fully assessed. | 2016 | 26822788 |
| aphicidal activity of illicium verum fruit extracts and their effects on the acetylcholinesterase and glutathione s-transferases activities in myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae). | this study aims to explore the aphicidal activity and underlying mechanism of illicium verum hook. f. that is used as both food and medicine. the contact toxicity of the extracts from i. verum fruit with methyl alcohol (ma), ethyl acetate (ea), and petroleum ether (pe) against myzus persicae (sulzer), and the activities of acetylcholinesterase (ache) and glutathione s-transferases (gsts) of m. persicae after contact treatment were tested. the results showed that ma, ea, and pe extracts of 1.000 ... | 2016 | 26826651 |
| serological and entomological study of dengue in dang and chitwan districts of nepal. | a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 264 suspected dengue patients in two districts (dang and chitwan) of nepal from june 2013 to november 2013. the anti-dengue igm positivity was found to be (51/264)19.31% by capture elisa, of which 21 (41.2%) were male and 30 (58.8%) were female. symptoms of seropositive cases were fever, anorexia, nausea, headache, retro-orbital pain, skin rashes, and myalgia. hematological features like thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were found to be si ... | 2016 | 26828951 |
| assessing chikungunya risk in a metropolitan area of argentina through satellite images and mathematical models. | chikungunya fever is a viral disease that recently invaded the american continent. in america, it is transmitted mainly by the mosquito aedes aegypti, but aedes albopictus is the main vector in other regions of the world. this work estimates the risk of disease emergence and the corresponding population at risk for the case of a naive population in the metropolitan area of buenos aires, the capital city of argentina. | 2016 | 26830024 |
| the role of the membrane in the structure and biophysical robustness of the dengue virion envelope. | the dengue virion is surrounded by an envelope of membrane proteins surrounding a lipid bilayer. we have combined the cryoelectron microscopy structures of the membrane proteins (pdb: 3j27) with a lipid bilayer whose composition is based on lipidomics data for insect cell membranes, to obtain a near-atomic resolution computational model of the envelope of the dengue virion. a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation on the microsecond timescale enables analysis of key biophysical properties ... | 2016 | 26833387 |
| developing antibodies from cholinesterase derived from prokaryotic expression and testing their feasibility for detecting immunogen content in daphnia magna. | to yield cholinesterase (che) from prokaryotic expression, the che gene that belongs to daphnia magna was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using forward primer 5'-cccyggngcsat gatgtg-3' and reverse primer 5'-gyaagttrgcccaatatct-3'. to express the gene, one sequence of the amplified dna, which was able to encode a putative protein containing two conserved carboxylesterase domains, was connected to the prokaryotic expression vector pet-29a(+). the recombinant v ... | 0 | 26834012 |
| unique features of a global human ectoparasite identified through sequencing of the bed bug genome. | the bed bug, cimex lectularius, has re-established itself as a ubiquitous human ectoparasite throughout much of the world during the past two decades. this global resurgence is likely linked to increased international travel and commerce in addition to widespread insecticide resistance. analyses of the c. lectularius sequenced genome (650 mb) and 14,220 predicted protein-coding genes provide a comprehensive representation of genes that are linked to traumatic insemination, a reduced chemosensory ... | 2016 | 26836814 |
| microrna profiling of the whitefly bemisia tabaci middle east-aisa minor i following the acquisition of tomato yellow leaf curl china virus. | the begomoviruses are the largest and most economically important group of plant viruses exclusively vectored by whitefly (bemisia tabaci) in a circulative, persistent manner. during this process, begomoviruses and whitefly vectors have developed close relationships and complex interactions. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions remain largely unknown, and the microrna profiles for viruliferous and nonviruliferous whiteflies have not been studied. | 2016 | 26837429 |
| altered carbohydrates allocation by associated bacteria-fungi interactions in a bark beetle-microbe symbiosis. | insect-microbe interaction is a key area of research in multiplayer symbiosis, yet little is known about the role of microbe-microbe interactions in insect-microbe symbioses. the red turpentine beetle (rtb) has destroyed millions of healthy pines in china and forms context-dependent relationships with associated fungi. the adult-associated fungus leptographium procerum have played key roles in rtb colonization. however, common fungal associates (l. procerum and ophiostoma minus) with rtb larvae ... | 2016 | 26839264 |
| development of a novel-type transgenic cotton plant for control of cotton bollworm. | the transgenic bt cotton plant has been widely planted throughout the world for the control of cotton budworm helicoverpa armigera (hubner). however, a shift towards insect tolerance of bt cotton is now apparent. in this study, the gene encoding neuropeptide f (npf) was cloned from cotton budworm h. armigera, an important agricultural pest. the npf gene produces two splicing mrna variants-npf1 and npf2 (with a 120-bp segment inserted into the npf1 sequence). these are predicted to form the matur ... | 2016 | 26841044 |
| human c5a protein participates in the mosquito immune response against dengue virus. | dengue virus (denv) is transmitted by aedes spp mosquitoes during a bloodmeal uptake. the bloodmeal consists of host cells, immune factors, and possibly blood-borne pathogens, such as arboviruses. human cells and immune-related factors, like the complement system, can remain active in the bloodmeal and may be able to interact with pathogens in the mosquito. previous studies have shown that active complement proteins impact plasmodium parasite viability in the anopheles midgut. thus, we investiga ... | 2016 | 26843451 |
| inhibition of chikungunya virus replication by 1-[(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl) methyl]-2-oxo-indolin-3-ylidene] amino] thiourea(mbzm-n-ibt). | chikungunya virus (chikv) infection is one of the most challenging human arboviral infections with global significance and without any specific antiviral. in this investigation, 1-[(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl) methyl]-2-oxo-indolin-3-ylidene] amino] thiourea (mbzm-n-ibt) was synthesised as a molecular hybrid of 2-methyl benzimidazole and isatin-β-thiosemicarbazone and its anti-chikv property was evaluated. the release of infectious virus particles was calculated by plaque assay, expression profil ... | 2016 | 26843462 |
| effects of food variability on growth and reproduction of aedes aegypti. | despite a large body of knowledge about the evolution of life histories, we know little about how variable food availability during an individual's development affects its life history. we measured the effects of manipulating food levels during early and late larval development of the mosquito aedes aegypti on its growth rate, life history and reproductive success. switching from low to high food led to compensatory growth: individuals grew more rapidly during late larval development and emerged ... | 2016 | 26843938 |
| a method for assessing chemically-induced paralysis in headless mosquito larvae. | there is a growing interest in studies of mosquito physiology and toxicology due to the heightened need for controlling this group of human disease vectors. in the process of testing a group of polar compounds on mosquito muscles, a novel headless larva bioassay was developed. the heads were removed from fourth instar aedes aegypti larvae, which permitted access of pharmacological agents to the hemocoel while maintaining larval viability. the method allowed effective quantification of the paraly ... | 2014 | 26844208 |
| aedes aegypti anti-salivary gland antibody concentration and dengue virus exposure history in healthy individuals living in an endemic area in colombia. | mosquito salivary proteins are able to induce an antibody response that reflects the level of human-vector contact. igg antibodies against dengue virus (denv-igg) are indicators of previous exposure. the risk of denv transmission is not only associated to mosquito or dengue factors, but also to socioeconomic factors that may play an important role in the disease epidemiology. | 2016 | 26844447 |
| identification of male- and female-specific olfaction genes in antennae of the oriental fruit fly (bactrocera dorsalis). | the oriental fruit fly (bactrocera dorsalis) is a species of tephritid fruit fly, endemic to southeast asia but also introduced to many regions of the us, and it is one of the major pest species with a broad host range of cultivated and wild fruits. although males of b. dorsalis respond strongly to methyl eugenol and this is used for monitoring and estimating populations, the molecular mechanism of the oriental fruit fly olfaction has not been elucidated yet. therefore, in this project, using ne ... | 2016 | 26845547 |
| differentiation of aedes aegypti and aedes notoscriptus (diptera: culicidae) eggs using scanning electron microscopy. | aedes notoscriptus and aedes aegypti are both peri-domestic, invasive container-breeding mosquitoes. while the two potential arboviral vectors are bionomically similar, their sympatric distribution in australia is limited. in this study, analyses of ae. aegypti and ae. notoscriptus eggs were enabled using scanning electron microscopy. significant variations in egg length to width ratio and outer chorionic cell field morphology between ae. aegypti and ae. notoscriptus enabled distinction of the t ... | 2016 | 26845557 |
| spatial variation of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector aedes aegypti presents unique vector control challenges. | dengue is a major public health problem in mexico, where the use of chemical insecticides to control the principal dengue vector, aedes aegypti, is widespread. resistance to insecticides has been reported in multiple sites, and the frequency of kdr mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance has increased rapidly in recent years. in the present study, we characterized patterns of insecticide resistance in ae. aegypti populations in five small towns surrounding the city of merida, mexico. | 2016 | 26846468 |
| a new allele conferring resistance to lysinibacillus sphaericus is detected in low frequency in culex quinquefasciatus field populations. | the cqm1 α-glucosidase of culex quinquefasciatus larvae acts as the midgut receptor for the binary toxin of the biolarvicide lysinibacillus sphaericus. mutations within the cqm1 gene can code for aberrant polypeptides that can no longer be properly expressed or bind to the toxin, leading to insect resistance. the cqm1 rec and cqm1 rec-2 alleles were identified in a laboratory selected colony and both displayed mutations that lead to equivalent phenotypes of refractoriness to l. sphaericus. cqm1 ... | 2016 | 26846600 |
| the hitchhiker's guide to europe: the infection dynamics of an ongoing wolbachia invasion and mitochondrial selective sweep in rhagoletis cerasi. | wolbachia is a maternally inherited and ubiquitous endosymbiont of insects. it can hijack host reproduction by manipulations such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) to enhance vertical transmission. horizontal transmission of wolbachia can also result in the colonization of new mitochondrial lineages. in this study, we present a 15-year-long survey of wolbachia in the cherry fruit fly rhagoletis cerasi across europe and the spatiotemporal distribution of two prevalent strains, wcer1 and wcer2, ... | 2016 | 26846713 |
| the spermatophore in glossina morsitans morsitans: insights into male contributions to reproduction. | male seminal fluid proteins (sfps) transferred during copulation modulate female reproductive physiology and behavior, impacting sperm storage/use, ovulation, oviposition, and remating receptivity. these capabilities make them ideal targets for developing novel methods of insect disease vector control. little is known about the nature of sfps in the viviparous tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae), vectors of human and animal african trypanosomiasis. in tsetse, male ejaculate is assembled into a c ... | 2016 | 26847001 |
| co-expression of dorsal and rel2 negatively regulates antimicrobial peptide expression in the tobacco hornworm manduca sexta. | nuclear factor κb (nf-κb) plays an essential role in regulation of innate immunity. in mammals, nf-κb factors can form homodimers and heterodimers to activate gene expression. in insects, three nf-κb factors, dorsal, dif and relish, have been identified to activate antimicrobial peptide (amp) gene expression. however, it is not clear whether dorsal (or dif) and relish can form heterodimers. here we report the identification and functional analysis of a dorsal homologue (msdorsal) and two relish ... | 2016 | 26847920 |
| a comprehensive entomological, serological and molecular study of 2013 dengue outbreak of swat, khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan. | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus play a fundamental role in transmission of dengue virus to humans. a single infected aedes mosquito is capable to act as a reservoir/amplifier host for dengue virus and may cause epidemics via horizontal and vertical modes of dengue virus (denv) transmission. the present and future dengue development can be clarified by understanding the elements which help the dissemination of dengue transmission. the current study deals with molecular surveillance of dengue i ... | 2016 | 26848847 |
| [dengue and chikungunya vector control: is it necessary to re-examine present strategies?]. | 0 | 26849689 | |
| large-scale anopheles arabiensis egg quantification methods for mass-rearing operations. | the success of the sterile insect technique relies, among other things, on the continuous release of over flooding numbers of sexually competitive sterile males into the target area. to produce sufficiently large quantities of sterile males, rearing protocols need to be optimized including the development and validation of a standardized egg quantification method. | 2016 | 26852018 |
| hexokinase is a key regulator of energy metabolism and ros activity in insect lifespan extension. | developmental arrest (diapause) is a 'non-aging' state that is similar to the caenorhabditis elegans dauer stage and drosophila lifespan extension. diapause results in low metabolic activity and a profound extension of insect lifespan. here, we cloned the helicoverpa armigera hexokinase (hk) gene, a gene that is critical for the developmental arrest of this species. hk expression and activity levels were significantly increased in nondiapause-destined pupae compared with those of diapause-destin ... | 0 | 26852422 |
| genomic insights into the ixodes scapularis tick vector of lyme disease. | ticks transmit more pathogens to humans and animals than any other arthropod. we describe the 2.1 gbp nuclear genome of the tick, ixodes scapularis (say), which vectors pathogens that cause lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other diseases. the large genome reflects accumulation of repetitive dna, new lineages of retro-transposons, and gene architecture patterns resembling ancient metazoans rather than pancrustaceans. annotation of scaffolds representing ∼57% of the ge ... | 2016 | 26856261 |
| the asian tiger hunts in maputo city--the first confirmed report of aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse, 1895) in mozambique. | increasing evidence suggests that dengue fever is endemic in mozambique. larvae of both the afrotropical vector aedes aegypti and its subspecies, ae. aegypti formosus, have been reported from three provinces in mozambique, two of which recently experienced dengue outbreaks. despite reports of the invasive oriental vector ae. albopictus on the islands in the mozambique channel and nearby indian ocean, the species has not yet been reported in mozambique. | 2016 | 26856329 |
| the effect of temperature on wolbachia-mediated dengue virus blocking in aedes aegypti. | dengue fever, caused by dengue virus (denv), is endemic in more than 100 countries. the lack of effective treatment of patients and the suboptimal efficacies of the tetravalent vaccine in trials highlight the urgent need to develop alternative strategies to lessen the burden of dengue fever.wolbachia pipientis, an obligate intracellular bacterium, is being developed as a biocontrol strategy against dengue because it limits the replication of the denv in the mosquito vector,aedes aegypti however, ... | 2016 | 26856916 |
| novel factors of anopheles gambiae haemocyte immune response to plasmodium berghei infection. | insect haemocytes mediate cellular immune responses (e.g., phagocytosis) and contribute to the synthesis of humoral immune factors. in previous work, a genome-wide molecular characterization of anopheles gambiae circulating haemocytes was followed by functional gene characterization using cell-based rnai screens. assays were carried out to investigate the role of selected haemocyte-specific or enriched genes in phagocytosis of bacterial bio-particles, expression of the antimicrobial peptide cecr ... | 2016 | 26858200 |
| toxic effect of blood feeding in male mosquitoes. | blood- and sugar feeding of female mosquitoes has been frequently observed in the laboratory and in the field, but only sugar feeding of males has been reported. here, we describe for the first time that culex quinquefasciatus males feed on blood as well. blood feeding easily happened on a blood-soaked cotton roll and, to a lesser extent, through a thin artificial layer. mating history of a male specimen does not affect his blood feeding behavior. male mosquitoes feed on blood even when they hav ... | 2016 | 26858651 |
| a case report on oral subcutaneous dirofilariasis. | dirofilariasis is an uncommon zoonotic parasitic infection affecting human. the natural hosts for this nematode are animals such as dogs, cats, foxes, jackals, and raccoons. this disease is endemic in south eastern united states, australia, europe, and central and southern asia. dirofilaria immitis and d. repens are the common mosquito borne filarial nematodes that cause infection. several species of mosquitos including mansonia uniformis, m. annulifera, and aedes aegypti are the potential vecto ... | 2015 | 26858848 |
| changes in the proteome of langat-infected ixodes scapularis ise6 cells: metabolic pathways associated with flavivirus infection. | ticks (family ixodidae) transmit a variety of disease causing agents to humans and animals. the tick-borne flaviviruses (tbfs; family flaviviridae) are a complex of viruses, many of which cause encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever, and represent global threats to human health and biosecurity. pathogenesis has been well studied in human and animal disease models. equivalent analyses of tick-flavivirus interactions are limited and represent an area of study that could reveal novel approaches for tbf ... | 2016 | 26859745 |
| multiple functions of na/k-atpase in dopamine-induced salivation of the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis. | control of salivary secretion in ticks involves autocrine dopamine activating two dopamine receptors: d1 and invertebrate-specific d1-like dopamine receptors. in this study, we investigated na/k-atpase as an important component of the secretory process. immunoreactivity for na/k-atpase revealed basal infolding of lamellate cells in type-i, abluminal interstitial (epithelial) cells in type-ii, and labyrinth-like infolding structures opening towards the lumen in type-iii acini. ouabain (10 μmol l( ... | 2016 | 26861075 |
| first report of y-linked genes in the kissing bug rhodnius prolixus. | due to an abundance of repetitive dna, the annotation of heterochromatic regions of the genome such as the y chromosome is problematic. the y chromosome is involved in key biological functions such as male-fertility and sex-determination and hence, accurate identification of its sequences is vital. the hemipteran insect rhodnius prolixus is an important vector of chagas disease, a trypanosomiasis affecting 6-7 million people worldwide. here we report the identification of the first y-linked gene ... | 2016 | 26861771 |
| climate and the timing of imported cases as determinants of the dengue outbreak in guangzhou, 2014: evidence from a mathematical model. | as the world's fastest spreading vector-borne disease, dengue was estimated to infect more than 390 million people in 2010, a 30-fold increase in the past half century. although considered to be a non-endemic country, mainland china had 55,114 reported dengue cases from 2005 to 2014, of which 47,056 occurred in 2014. furthermore, 94% of the indigenous cases in this time period were reported in guangdong province, 83% of which were in guangzhou city. in order to determine the possible determinant ... | 2016 | 26863623 |
| absence of aedes aegypti (l.) on an ecological island: competitive exclusion? | ovitrap surveillance was conducted in 2012 and 2006 in malay and aboriginal villages on carey island. in each village, standard ovitraps were placed indoors and outdoors at randomly selected houses/locations. all l3 larvae recovered were identified up to species level. results demonstrated that only larvae of aedes albopictus were found in all the positive ovitraps placed indoors and outdoors. in 2012, a high ovitrap index (oi) of 66.7% indoor and 84.0% outdoor in the malay village; and 62.5% in ... | 2015 | 26863856 |
| conservation, duplication, and divergence of five opsin genes in insect evolution. | opsin proteins covalently bind to small molecular chromophores and each protein-chromophore complex is sensitive to particular wavelengths of light. multiple opsins with different wavelength absorbance peaks are required for color vision. comparing opsin responses is challenging at low light levels, explaining why color vision is often lost in nocturnal species. here, we investigated opsin evolution in 27 phylogenetically diverse insect species including several transitions between photic niches ... | 2016 | 26865071 |
| identification of essential containers for aedes larval breeding to control dengue in dhaka, bangladesh. | dengue fever (df), one of the most important emerging arboviral diseases, is transmitted through the bite of container breeding mosquitoes aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. a household entomological survey was conducted in dhaka from august through october 2000 to inspect water-holding containers in indoor, outdoor, and rooftop locations for aedes larvae. the objective of this study was to determine mosquito productivity of each container type and to identify some risk factors of households in ... | 2015 | 26865829 |
| in silico analysis of an envelope domain iii-based multivalent fusion protein as a potential dengue vaccine candidate. | dengue virus infection is now a global problem. currently, there is no licensed vaccine or proven antiviral treatment against this virus. all four serotypes (1-4) of dengue virus can infect human. an effective dengue vaccine should be tetravalent to induce protective immune responses against all four serotypes. most of dengue vaccine candidates are monovalent, or in the form of physically mixed multivalent formulations. recently envelope protein domain iii of virus is considered as a vaccine can ... | 2016 | 26866023 |
| interim guidelines for prevention of sexual transmission of zika virus - united states, 2016. | zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus primarily transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1,2). infection with zika virus is asymptomatic in an estimated 80% of cases (2,3), and when zika virus does cause illness, symptoms are generally mild and self-limited. recent evidence suggests a possible association between maternal zika virus infection and adverse fetal outcomes, such as congenital microcephaly (4,5), as well as a possible association with guillain-barré syndrome. currently, no vaccin ... | 2016 | 26866485 |
| screening for mosquito larvicidal activity of thai mushroom extracts with special reference to steccherinum sp against aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | for over 50 years, biological control of mosquito larvae has depended mainly on plant extracts, fish, bacteria, protozoa, filamentous fungi, viruses or nematodes. in this study, we screened 143 mushroom samples from 44 confirmed species in thailand for their mosquito larvicidal activity. one g% (w/v) aqueous extracts of dried powdered mushroom samples were tested against 3rd stage aedes aegypti larvae. four mushroom species, namely, thaeogyroporus porentosus, xylaria nigripes, chlorophyllum sp a ... | 2015 | 26867377 |
| duplication and diversification of dipteran argonaute genes, and the evolutionary divergence of piwi and aubergine. | genetic studies of drosophila melanogaster have provided a paradigm for rna interference (rnai) in arthropods, in which the microrna and antiviral pathways are each mediated by a single argonaute (ago1 and ago2) and germline suppression of transposable elements is mediated by a trio of piwi-subfamily argonaute proteins (ago3, aub, and piwi). without a suitable evolutionary context, deviations from this can be interpreted as derived or idiosyncratic. here we analyze the evolution of argonaute gen ... | 2016 | 26868596 |
| large-scale modelling of the environmentally-driven population dynamics of temperate aedes albopictus (skuse). | the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is a highly invasive vector species. it is a proven vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses, with the potential to host a further 24 arboviruses. it has recently expanded its geographical range, threatening many countries in the middle east, mediterranean, europe and north america. here, we investigate the theoretical limitations of its range expansion by developing an environmentally-driven mathematical model of its population dynamics. we focus on t ... | 2016 | 26871447 |
| transstadial effects of bti on traits of aedes aegypti and infection with dengue virus. | most mosquito control efforts are primarily focused on reducing the adult population size mediated by reductions in the larval population, which should lower risk of disease transmission. although the aim of larviciding is to reduce larval abundance and thus recruitment of adults, nonlethal effects on adults are possible, including transstadial effects on phenotypes of adults such as survival and pathogen infection and transmission. in addition, the mortality induced by control efforts may act i ... | 2016 | 26871951 |
| spatial spread of dengue in a non-endemic tropical city in northern argentina. | after more than eighty years dengue reemerged in argentina in 1997. since then, the largest epidemic in terms of geographical extent, magnitude and mortality, was recorded in 2009. in this report we analyzed the den-1 epidemic spread in orán, a mid-size city in a non-endemic tropical area in northern argentina, and its correlation with demographic and socioeconomic factors. cases were diagnosed by elisa between january and june 2009. we applied a space-time and spatial scan statistic under a poi ... | 2016 | 26875764 |
| development of non-defective recombinant densovirus vectors for microrna delivery in the invasive vector mosquito, aedes albopictus. | we previously reported that mosquito densoviruses (mdvs) are potential vectors for delivering foreign nucleic acids into mosquito cells. however, considering existing expression strategies, recombinant viruses would inevitably become replication-defective viruses and lose their ability for secondary transmission. the packaging limitations of the virion represent a barrier for the development of mdvs for viral paratransgenesis or as high-efficiency bioinsecticides. herein, we report the developme ... | 2016 | 26879823 |
| polyandry depends on postmating time interval in the dengue vector aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is the primary vector of the dengue and chikungunya viruses. after mating, male seminal fluid molecules cause females to become unreceptive to a subsequent mating. this response is often assumed to be immediate and complete, but a growing body of evidence suggests that some females do mate more than once. it is unknown how quickly a female becomes unreceptive to a second mating. furthermore, the degree to which she remains monandrous after laying several batches of eggs has not bee ... | 2016 | 26880776 |
| deep rna-seq profile reveals biodiversity, plant-microbe interactions and a large family of nbs-lrr resistance genes in walnut (juglans regia) tissues. | deep rna-seq profiling, a revolutionary method used for quantifying transcriptional levels, often includes non-specific transcripts from other co-existing organisms in spite of stringent protocols. using the recently published walnut genome sequence as a filter, we present a broad analysis of the rna-seq derived transcriptome profiles obtained from twenty different tissues to extract the biodiversity and possible plant-microbe interactions in the walnut ecosystem in california. since the residua ... | 2016 | 26883051 |
| phylogenetic analysis of dengue virus 1 isolated from south minas gerais, brazil. | dengue is a major worldwide public health problem, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. primary infection with a single dengue virus serotype causes a mild, self-limiting febrile illness called dengue fever. however, a subset of patients who experience secondary infection with a different serotype can progress to a more severe form of the disease, called dengue hemorrhagic fever. the four dengue virus serotypes (1-4) are antigenically and genetically distinct and each ... | 2016 | 26887252 |
| emerging role of lipid droplets in aedes aegypti immune response against bacteria and dengue virus. | in mammals, lipid droplets (lds) are ubiquitous organelles that modulate immune and inflammatory responses through the production of lipid mediators. in insects, it is unknown whether lds play any role during the development of immune responses. we show that aedes aegypti aag2 cells - an immune responsive cell lineage - accumulates lds when challenged with enterobacter cloacae, sindbis, and dengue viruses. microarray analysis of aag2 challenged with e.cloacae or infected with dengue virus reveal ... | 2016 | 26887863 |
| zika virus: diagnostics for an emerging pandemic threat. | zika virus (zikv) is anaedesmosquito-borne flavivirus that emerged in brazil in 2015 and then rapidly spread throughout the tropical and subtropical americas. based on clinical criteria alone, zikv cannot be reliably distinguished from infections with other pathogens that cause an undifferentiated systemic febrile illness, including infections with two common arboviruses, dengue virus and chikungunya virus. this minireview details the methods that are available to diagnose zikv infection. | 2016 | 26888897 |
| notes from the field: evidence of zika virus infection in brain and placental tissues from two congenitally infected newborns and two fetal losses--brazil, 2015. | zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is related to dengue virus and transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti mosquitoes, with humans acting as the principal amplifying host during outbreaks. zika virus was first reported in brazil in may 2015 (1). by february 9, 2016, local transmission of infection had been reported in 26 countries or territories in the americas.* infection is usually asymptomatic, and, when symptoms are present, typically results in mild and self-limited illness with s ... | 2016 | 26890059 |
| local transmission of zika virus--puerto rico, november 23, 2015-january 28, 2016. | zika virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus, spread to the region of the americas (americas) in mid-2015, and appears to be related to congenital microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome (1,2). on february 1, 2016, the world health organization (who) declared the occurrence of microcephaly cases in association with zika virus infection to be a public health emergency of international concern.* on december 31, 2015, puerto rico department of health (prdh) reported the first locally acquired (index) c ... | 2016 | 26890470 |
| establishment of a wolbachia superinfection in aedes aegypti mosquitoes as a potential approach for future resistance management. | wolbachia pipientis is an endosymbiotic bacterium estimated to chronically infect between 40-75% of all arthropod species. aedes aegypti, the principle mosquito vector of dengue virus (denv), is not a natural host of wolbachia. the transinfection of wolbachia strains such as walbb, wmel and wmelpop-cla into ae. aegypti has been shown to significantly reduce the vector competence of this mosquito for a range of human pathogens in the laboratory. this has led to wmel-transinfected ae. aegypti curr ... | 2016 | 26891349 |
| transcriptome analysis and discovery of genes relevant to development in bradysia odoriphaga at three developmental stages. | bradysia odoriphaga (diptera: sciaridae) is the most important pest of chinese chive (allium tuberosum) in asia; however, the molecular genetics are poorly understood. to explore the molecular biological mechanism of development, illumina sequencing and de novo assembly were performed in the third-instar, fourth-instar, and pupal b. odoriphaga. the study resulted in 16.2 gb of clean data and 47,578 unigenes (≥125 bp) contained in 7,632,430 contigs, 46.21% of which were annotated from non-redunda ... | 2016 | 26891450 |
| establishment of a novel primary human skeletal myoblast cellular model for chikungunya virus infection and pathogenesis. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is a re-emerging arbovirus known to cause chronic myalgia and arthralgia and is now considered endemic in countries across asia and africa. the tissue tropism of chikv infection in humans remains, however, ill-defined. due to the fact that myositis is commonly observed in most patients infected with chikv, we sought to develop a clinically relevant cellular model to better understand the pathogenesis of chikv infection. in this study, primary human skeletal muscle myobl ... | 2016 | 26892458 |
| developing a time series predictive model for dengue in zhongshan, china based on weather and guangzhou dengue surveillance data. | dengue is a re-emerging infectious disease of humans, rapidly growing from endemic areas to dengue-free regions due to favorable conditions. in recent decades, guangzhou has again suffered from several big outbreaks of dengue; as have its neighboring cities. this study aims to examine the impact of dengue epidemics in guangzhou, china, and to develop a predictive model for zhongshan based on local weather conditions and guangzhou dengue surveillance information. | 2016 | 26894570 |
| differential juvenile hormone variations in scale insect extreme sexual dimorphism. | scale insects have evolved extreme sexual dimorphism, as demonstrated by sedentary juvenile-like females and ephemeral winged males. this dimorphism is established during the post-embryonic development; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms have not yet been examined. we herein assessed the role of juvenile hormone (jh) on the diverging developmental pathways occurring in the male and female japanese mealybug planococcus kraunhiae (kuwana). we provide, for the first time, detailed gene e ... | 2016 | 26894583 |
| control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases: sex and gene drive. | sterile male releases have successfully reduced local populations of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti, but challenges remain in scale and in separating sexes before release. the recent discovery of the first mosquito male determining factor (m factor) will facilitate our understanding of the genetic programs that initiate sexual development in mosquitoes. manipulation of the m factor and possible intermediary factors may result in female-to-male conversion or female killing, enabling efficient s ... | 2016 | 26897660 |
| comparative study of hippo pathway genes in cellular conveyor belts of a ctenophore and a cnidarian. | the hippo pathway regulates growth rate and organ size in fly and mouse, notably through control of cell proliferation. molecular interactions at the heart of this pathway are known to have originated in the unicellular ancestry of metazoans. they notably involve a cascade of phosphorylations triggered by the kinase hippo, with subsequent nuclear to cytoplasmic shift of yorkie localisation, preventing its binding to the transcription factor scalloped, thereby silencing proliferation genes. there ... | 2016 | 26900447 |
| mating-induced transcriptome changes in the reproductive tract of female aedes aegypti. | the aedes aegypti mosquito is a significant public health threat, as it is the main vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses. disease control efforts could be enhanced through reproductive manipulation of these vectors. previous work has revealed a relationship between male seminal fluid proteins transferred to females during mating and female post-mating physiology and behavior. to better understand this interplay, we used short-read rna sequencing to identify gene expression changes in the low ... | 2016 | 26901677 |
| four emerging arboviral diseases in north america: jamestown canyon, powassan, chikungunya, and zika virus diseases. | arthropod-borne viruses, or arboviruses, are viruses that are transmitted through the bites of mosquitoes, ticks, or sandflies. there are numerous arboviruses throughout the world capable of causing human disease spanning different viral families and genera. recently, jamestown canyon, powassan, chikungunya, and zika viruses have emerged as increasingly important arboviruses that can cause human disease in north america. unfortunately, there are currently no proven disease-modifying therapies fo ... | 2016 | 26903031 |
| insulin-related peptide 5 is involved in regulating embryo development and biochemical composition in pea aphid with wing polyphenism. | in aphids there is a fecundity-dispersal trade-off between wingless and winged morphs. recent research on the molecular mechanism of wing morphs associated with dispersal reveals that insulin receptors in the insulin signaling (is) pathway regulate alternation of wing morphs in planthoppers. however, little is known about whether genes in the is pathway are involved in developmental regulation in aphid nymphs with different wing morphs. in this study, we show that expression of the insulin-relat ... | 2016 | 26903881 |
| aedes mosquitoes and zika virus infection: an a to z of emergence? | 2016 | 26905027 | |
| re-emergence of dengue virus serotype 2 strains in the 2013 outbreak in nepal. | epidemiological interventions and mosquito control are the available measures for dengue control. the former approach uses serotype and genetic information on the circulating virus strains. dengue has been frequently reported from nepal, but this information is mostly lacking. the present study was done to generate a comprehensive clinical and virological picture of a dengue outbreak in nepal during 2013. | 0 | 26905233 |
| chikungunya outbreak in atmakur village, medak district, telangana state, india. | 0 | 26905235 | |
| chikungunya virus susceptibility & variation in populations of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquito from india. | although having immense clinical relevance, yet only a few studies have been targeted to understand the chikungunya virus (chikv) susceptibility and growth in aedes aegypti populations from india. this study was undertaken to investigate chikv susceptibility and growth kinetics in ae. aegypti along with genetic heterogeneity of ae. aegypti populations. | 0 | 26905240 |
| adulticidal & larvicidal efficacy of three neonicotinoids against insecticide susceptible & resistant mosquito strains. | due to ever growing insecticide resistance in mosquitoes to commonly used insecticides in many parts of the globe, there is always a need for introduction of new insecticides for the control of resistant vector mosquitoes. in this study, larvicidal and adulticidal efficacies of three neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam) were tested against resistant and susceptible populations of anopheles stephensi liston 1901, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti linnaeus, and culex quinquefasciatu ... | 0 | 26905244 |
| observation on dengue cases from a virus diagnostic laboratory of a tertiary care hospital in north india. | the epidemiology of dengue fever (df) is complex in the indian subcontinent as all the four serotypes are circulating. this study reports observations on dengue cases from a virus diagnostic laboratory of a north indian tertiary care hospital catering to areas in and around lucknow, uttar pradesh. | 0 | 26905245 |
| spatial distribution & physicochemical characterization of the breeding habitats of aedes aegypti in & around kolkata, west bengal, india. | dengue infection is endemic in several areas and the dengue virus is transmitted by aedes mosquitoes. thus, it becomes important to understand the breeding ecology of dengue vector and characterize the physicochemical parameters of its breeding habitat. the objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical parameters of the breeding habitat of the dengue vector and to find out the nutrient composition of the habitat in and around kolkata, west bengal. in addition, a geographic informati ... | 0 | 26905247 |