| dopamine levels in the mosquito aedes aegypti during adult development, following blood feeding and in response to heat stress. | dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter, is important for insect development and is known to be involved in insect stress responses. in the current study, dopamine was analysed in aedes aegypti heads by hplc. we found that immediately after adult emergence, males have significantly higher concentrations of dopamine than females, and that dopamine concentrations decrease with age in both sexes. dopamine levels increase in females following a blood meal suggesting that dopamine might be involve ... | 2013 | 17069842 |
| abridged pupa identification key to the common container-breeding mosquitoes in urban southeast asia. | pupal surveys have been advocated as an alternative or surrogate surveillance method for estimating densities of adult aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. usually, this survey strategy has required that collected pupae eclose to adults before attempting species identification. using the pupal survey method in yogyakarta, indonesia, this rearing step was obviated with the pupal morphological key described herein for identifying preserved or live pupae. examination of pupae for the identification ... | 2006 | 17067066 |
| olfactometer and large cage evaluation of a solid phase technology for the controlled production of co2. | new technology by ica for chemical generation of carbon dioxide (co2) was evaluated in olfactometer and large outdoor cage tests against laboratory-reared aedes aegypti for potential use in mosquito surveillance programs. the proprietary co2 generation system consists of a poly-tyvek sachet containing 2 solid ingredients. activated sachets immediately react to generate and release predictable levels of co2 over time. in noncompetitive olfactometer studies, a freshly activated sachet attracted an ... | 2006 | 17067034 |
| cloning and daily expression of the timeless gene in aedes aegypti (diptera:culicidae). | molecular approaches for studying biological rhythms in insects have been well investigated in the model drosophila melanogaster, in which a number of genes have been characterized in terms of sequence, expression, protein interactions and involvement in the control of locomotor activity and eclosion rhythms. however, only scattered information is available for insect vectors of diseases. in this paper, we report the cloning and expression analysis of the clock gene timeless in the mosquito aede ... | 2006 | 17046601 |
| lethal and behavioural effects of three synthetic repellents (deet, ir3535 and kbr 3023) on aedes aegypti mosquitoes in laboratory assays. | the knock-down, mortality and 'irritancy' effects of three synthetic repellents (deet, ir3535 and kbr 3023) on aedes aegypti (l) (diptera: culicidae) were evaluated in the laboratory in the absence of animal bait. filter paper tests were carried out to assess the knock-down effect (kdt(50) and kdt(95)) and mortality (lc(50) and lc(95)) induced by each repellent. 'irritancy' tests were carried out to compare the flight response (time to first take-off, or ft) to increasing concentrations of repel ... | 2006 | 17044879 |
| detection of insecticides resistance status in culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti to four major groups of insecticides. | the resistance to various insecticides from 4 major groups (organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid) was investigated in a field strain of culex quinquefasciatus from baan suan community, nonthaburi province, thailand by using a standard world health organization susceptibility test. the baan suan strain was completely resistant to ddt and highly resistant to deltamethrin, permethrin, fenitrothion and propoxur but this strain was still found to be highly susceptible to malathio ... | 2006 | 17041557 |
| structural organization of the mitochondrial dna control region in aedes aegypti. | the complete a+t - rich region of aedes aegypti mitochondrial dna has been cloned and sequenced. in argentinean populations of the species, a polymorphism in the length of the amplified fragment was observed. nucleotide sequence comparison of the shortest and longest a+t - rich amplified fragments detected revealed the presence of 2 types of tandemly repeated blocks. the size variation observed in natural populations is mainly due to the presence of a variable number of a 181 bp tandem repeat un ... | 2006 | 17036068 |
| dengue vector surveillance and control. | this review describes efforts being undertaken to develop new tools and strategies to monitor and control dengue fever mosquitoes, mainly aedes aegypti. with the growing realization that the magnitude of the global dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever problem rivals that of malaria and infectious diseases such as hepatitis, and that old strategies are unsuitable in today's world, this problem requires urgent attention. the new tactics involve proper targeting of important breeding sites and diverse ... | 1999 | 17035807 |
| crystal structures of aedes aegypti alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase. | mosquitoes are unique in having evolved two alanine glyoxylate aminotransferases (agts). one is 3-hydroxykynurenine transaminase (hkt), which is primarily responsible for catalyzing the transamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-hk) to xanthurenic acid (xa). interestingly, xa is used by malaria parasites as a chemical trigger for their development within the mosquito. this 3-hk to xa conversion is considered the major mechanism mosquitoes use to detoxify the chemically reactive and potentially tox ... | 2006 | 16990263 |
| sterculia guttata seeds extractives--an effective mosquito larvicide. | the larvicidal activity of ethanol, chloroform and hexane soxhlet extracts obtained from s. guttata seeds was investigated against the ivth instar larvae of dengue fever vector, aedes aegypti and filarial vector, culex quinquefasciatus. all extracts including fractions of ethanol extract exhibited 100% larval kill within 24 hr exposure period at 500 ppm concentration. fraction a1 of ethanol was found to be most promising; its lc50 was 21.552 and 35.520 ppm against c. quinquefasciatus and a. aegy ... | 2006 | 16924837 |
| insecticide resistance development in culex quinquefasciatus (say), aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) larvae against malathion, permethrin and temephos. | laboratory-bred females of culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus from the insectarium, unit of medical entomology, institute for medical research were used in the experiment. the late third stage of the f0 larvae which survived the high selection pressure of malathion, permethrin and temephos were reared and colonies were established from adults that emerged. cx. quinquefasciatus larvae were subjected to selection by malathion and permethrin for 40 generations, ae. aegypti l ... | 2005 | 16880753 |
| identification of the aedes aegypti peritrophic matrix protein aeimuci as a heme-binding protein. | the gene aedes aegypti intestinal mucin 1 (aeimuc1) encodes a putative peritrophic matrix (pm) protein that is expressed in the midgut of mosquito larvae and adults and is upregulated in response to exposure to heavy metals. the aeimuc1 protein has a predicted secretory signal peptide and three putative chitin-binding domains (cbds) with an intervening mucin-like domain. immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy experiments established that aeimuc1 is a bona fide pm protein, and binding o ... | 2006 | 16878988 |
| analysis of whole body ammonia metabolism in aedes aegypti using [15n]-labeled compounds and mass spectrometry. | we have established a protocol to study the kinetics of incorporation of 15n into glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), alanine (ala) and proline (pro) in aedes aegypti females. mosquitoes were fed 3% sucrose solutions containing either 80 mm 15nh4cl or 80 mm glutamine labeled with 15n in either the amide nitrogen or in both amide and amine nitrogens. in some experiments, specific inhibitors of glutamine synthetase or glutamate synthase were added to the feeding solutions. at different times pos ... | 2006 | 16876704 |
| levocetirizine for treatment of immediate and delayed mosquito bite reactions. | people frequently experience whealing and delayed papules from mosquito bites. various antihistamines have previously been tried for the treatment of this condition. we performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study with levocetirizine 5 mg and matched placebo in 30 adults who were sensitive to mosquito bites. on the third treatment day the subjects received two aedes aegypti bites on the forearm. the size of the bite lesions and the intensity of pruritus (visual analogue scale) ... | 2006 | 16874418 |
| field evaluation of effectiveness of the bg-sentinel, a new trap for capturing adult aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | in recent years, the development of new tools to gather field information about vector ecological parameters has increased. this report evaluated the bg-sentinel trap (bgs-trap), a promising new attempt to improve collection of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti. the efficacy of the bgs-trap was compared with the cdc backpack aspirator, one of the commonest used methods for capturing adult mosquitoes. bgs-traps captured significantly more ae. aegypti males (chi2 = 21.774, df = 1, p < 0.05) and fem ... | 2006 | 16862330 |
| larvicidal effect of pepper plants on aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | ethanolic extracts derived from three species of the piperaceae (pepper) family, piper longum l., p. ribesoides wall., and p. sarmentosum roxb. ex hunt., were evaluated for efficacy against early 4th instar larvae of aedes aegypti mosquitoes using larvicidal bioassays. the highest larvicidal efficacy was established from p. longum, followed by p. sarmentosum and p. ribesoides, with lc50 values of 2.23, 4.06, and 8.13 ppm, respectively. observations of morphological alterations on treated 4th ins ... | 2006 | 16859102 |
| influence of nutritional and physiological status on behavioral responses of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to deltamethrin and cypermethrin. | excito-repellency responses of aedes aegypti (l.) exposed to deltamethrin and cypermethrin were assessed using an excito-repellency test system. contact irritancy and non-contact repellency assays compared non-bloodfed (unfed) parous (post-gravid), nulliparous, early blood-fed, late blood-fed, sugar-fed, and unmated female mosquitoes for behavioral responses based on nutritional and physiological conditions at the time of testing. rates of escape during contact exposure with either compound were ... | 2006 | 16859095 |
| mechanisms of midgut remodeling: juvenile hormone analog methoprene blocks midgut metamorphosis by modulating ecdysone action. | in holometabolous insects such as mosquito, aedes aegypti, midgut undergoes remodeling during metamorphosis. insect metamorphosis is regulated by several hormones including juvenile hormone (jh) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e). the cellular and molecular events that occur during midgut remodeling were investigated by studying nuclear stained whole mounts and cross-sections of midguts and by monitoring the mrna levels of genes involved in 20e action in methoprene-treated and untreated ae. aegypti. w ... | 2006 | 16829058 |
| composition and larvicidal activity of leaves and stem essential oils of chloroxylon swietenia dc against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. | the laboratory bioassay of the essential oil and the isolated compounds from chloroxylon swietenia against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi was carried out to evaluate the larvicidal activity. lc50 value estimated for a. aegypti and an. stephensi were 16.5 and 14.9 microg/ml and 20.2 and 19 microg/ml for leaf and stem oils, respectively. the three sesquiterpenes pregeijerene, geijerene and germacrene d were isolated and their larvicidal activity was evaluated. pregeijerene and geijerene wer ... | 2006 | 16815011 |
| larvicidal activity of saponin containing extracts and fractions of fruit mesocarp of balanites aegyptiaca. | chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and methanol extracts of fruit mesocarp of balanites aegyptiaca and five fractions from the methanol extract were tested against the aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. all extracts showed larvicidal effects however the highest larval mortality was found in methanol extract. one fraction obtained from the silica gel column chromatography of the latter was found most effective for larval mortality. this fraction also interfered with adult emergence. a concentration o ... | 2006 | 16814957 |
| larvicidal diterpenes from pterodon polygalaeflorus. | ethanolic extract from seeds of pterodon polygalaeflorus (benth) has been shown to possess significant larvicidal activity against the mosquito aedes aegypti. bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation and characterization of the know diterpenoid furans 6alpha-hydroxyvouacapan-7beta,17beta-lactone (1), 6alpha,7beta-dihydroxyvouacapan- 17beta-oic acid (2) and methyl 6alpha,7beta-dihydroxyvouacapan-17beta-oate (3). the structures were established from infrared (ir), ultravio ... | 2006 | 16796519 |
| laboratory study on larvicidal properties of leaf extract of calotropis procera (family-asclepiadaceae) against mosquito larvae. | fresh leaf extract of milkweed (calotropis procera) showed larvicidal properties against mosquito larvae of anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. methanolic extracts of the same plant were, however, more effective as larvicide. c. procera is a weed growing in uncultivated soils as well as in dry, arid zones in indian subcontinent throughout the year. the results of this study suggest the utility of milkweed as potential technology for control of mosquito larvae. | 2005 | 16749273 |
| secretion of water and ions by malpighian tubules of larval mosquitoes: effects of diuretic factors, second messengers, and salinity. | the effects of changes in the salinity of the rearing medium on malpighian tubule fluid secretion and ion transport were examined in larvae of the freshwater mosquito aedes aegypti and the saltwater species ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus. for unstimulated tubules of both species, the k(+) concentration of secreted fluid was significantly lower when larvae were reared in 30% or 100% seawater (o. taeniorhynchus only), relative to tubules from freshwater-reared larvae. the na(+) concentration of secre ... | 2013 | 16691529 |
| involvement of cytochrome p450 monooxygenases in the response of mosquito larvae to dietary plant xenobiotics. | the response of mosquito larvae to plant toxins found in their breeding sites was investigated by using aedes aegypti larvae and toxic arborescent leaf litter as experimental models. the relation between larval tolerance to toxic leaf litter and cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s) was examined at the toxicological, biochemical and molecular levels. larvae pre-exposed to toxic leaf litter show a higher tolerance to those xenobiotics together with a strong increase in p450 activity levels. this ... | 2006 | 16651188 |
| comparative efficacy and persistency of permethrin in olyset net and conventionally treated net against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. | the efficacy of the olyset net was compared to a net treated conventionally with permethrin 10% emulsifiable concentrate at the world health organization recommended dose. the nets were assessed under laboratory conditions against the mosquito vectors aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. knockdown efficacy for the olyset net was assessed after the first 10 washings and then after the 15th and 20th washings. data were not collected for the conventionally treated netting after 5 washings because ... | 2006 | 16646331 |
| [efficacy of the intradomiciliary treatments with cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos insecticides in an aedes aegypti strain]. | field bioassays were conducted to determine the efficacy of the intradomiciliary treatments of thermal fogging and ulv with formulations of cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos by using an aedes aegypti strain from playa municipality, havana city, cuba. the results show in all cases that the thermal treatments are more efficient than those of ulv. as regards chlorpyrifos 48 ec insecticide it caused in both types of treatment 100% of mortality without adding ddvp (dichlorvos 50%), wh ... | 2013 | 23427434 |
| [mode of inheritance of temephos (abate) resistance in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from cuba]. | a study on the mode of inheritance of temephos resistance was conducted using a temephos resistant aedes aegypti reference strain (san-f6) with a value of resistance factor of 200x, compared with the insecticide susceptible aedes aegypti strain (rockefeller). genetic crossings were performed between temephos resistant and susceptible strains. an f1 crossing was attained. the females of this f1 crossing were crossed with males from the rockefeller strain (retrocrossing), and it was found that the ... | 2013 | 23427433 |
| [control of aedes aegypti larvae (l) with poecilia reticulata peter, 1895: a community experience in taguasco municipality, sancti spíritus, cuba]. | the efficacy of the control of aedes aegypti (l) with poecilia reticulata peter, 1895, was determined in containers used for domestic consumption water in taguasco municipality in the center of sancti spiritus province, cuba. before the epidemic of santiago de cuba and havana province, this municipality had not been positive to aedes aegypti (l). the increasing infections caused by the vector started to worry the population that feared an outbreak of dengue epidemic. previous to the fish growth, ... | 2013 | 23427432 |
| a method for determining the sex of larval aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | | 2005 | 16599176 |
| effects of sub-lethal concentrations of synthetic insecticides and callitris glaucophylla extracts on the development of aedes aegypti. | synthetic and botanical insecticides can have a profound effect on the developmental period, growth, adult emergence, fecundity, fertility, and egg hatch, resulting in effective control at sub-lethal concentrations. this paper investigated sub-lethal concentrations of fenitrothion, lambda-cyhalothrin, and callitris glaucophylla joy thomps. & l.p. johnson (cupressaceae) extract to characterize their effects on the development of aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) mosquito larvae. the lc25, lc5 ... | 2005 | 16599166 |
| synergistic efficacy of botanical blends with and without synthetic insecticides against aedes aegypti and culex annulirostris mosquitoes. | increasing insecticide resistance requires strategies to prolong the use of highly effective vector control compounds. the use of combinations of insecticides with other insecticides and phytochemicals is one such strategy that is suitable for mosquito control. in bioassays with aedes aegypti and culex annulirostris mosquitoes, binary mixtures of phytochemicals with or without synthetic insecticides produced promising results when each was applied at a lc25 dose. all mixtures resulted in 100% mo ... | 2005 | 16599164 |
| ecdysteroid titers and developmental expression of ecdysteroid-regulated genes during metamorphosis of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | ecdysteroid titers and expression profiles of ecdysone-regulated genes were determined during the last instar larval and during the pupal stages of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). three peaks of ecdysteroids occurring at approximately 24, 30-33 and 45-48h after ecdysis to the fourth instar larval stage were detected. in the pupa, a large peak of ecdysteroids occurred between 6 and 12h after ecdysis to the pupal stage. a small rise in ecdysteroids was also detected at the end of the pupal sta ... | 2006 | 16580015 |
| ultra low volume aerosol application of deltacide (deltamethrin 0.5% w/v, s-bioallethrin 0.71% w/v & piperonyl butoxide 8.9% w/v) against mosquitoes. | insecticide in the form of space spray as an ultra low volume (ulv) aerosol are used during epidemics of vector borne diseases. deltacide, a formulation comprising of three chemicals viz., deltamethrin 0.5 per cent w/v, s-bio-allethrin 0.71 per cent w/v and piperonyl butoxide 8.9 per cent w/v is suitable for ulv application. as this combination is found to be effective in preventing resistance development tackling the population, which had already developed resistance and cause immediate mortali ... | 2006 | 16567869 |
| reevaluation of the role of early trypsin activity in the transcriptional activation of the late trypsin gene in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | in the female mosquito aedes aegypti, trypsin expression is largely biphasic. early trypsin synthesis, which is regulated at the translational level relative to feeding, peaks in the first few hours post-blood meal. late trypsin expression is regulated at the transcriptional level, and peaks 18-24h post-blood meal. it was proposed that early trypsin activity released unknown factors during digestion of a meal that caused activation of transcription of the late trypsin gene. this connection betwe ... | 2006 | 16551547 |
| regulatory region of the vitellogenin receptor gene sufficient for high-level, germ line cell-specific ovarian expression in transgenic aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | vitellogenin receptor (vgr) is responsible for the receptor-mediated endocytosis of vitellogenin (vg) in the egg formation of an oviparous animal, including insects. little is known about regulation of vgr gene expression. we analyzed the upstream region of the vgr gene from aedes aegypti (aavgr) to identify regulatory elements responsible for its expression in germ cell-specific ovarian expression. experiments with genetic transformation using the transgene containing the 1.5-kb upstream portio ... | 2006 | 16551541 |
| regulation of the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (r2) in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) catalyzes the formation of deoxyribonucleotides, a rate limiting step in dna synthesis. class i rnr is a tetramer that consists of two subunits, r1 and r2; enzymatic activity requires association of r1 with r2. the r2 subunit is of special interest because it dictates the interaction with r1 that is required for enzymatic activity expression, and it is expressed only during the s phase of the cell cycle. we previously sequenced an r2 cdna clone from the yellow feve ... | 2006 | 16530987 |
| tetraethylammonium and nicotine transport by the malpighian tubules of insects. | we examined transepithelial transport of the prototypical type i organic cation (oc) tetraethylammonium (tea) and the plant alkaloid nicotine by the isolated malpighian tubules (mts) of nine insect species from six orders. isolated tubules were exposed to radiolabelled forms of either tea or nicotine in the bathing (basal) fluid. luminal (apical) secreted fluid was collected and tea or nicotine concentration was determined. active net transport of nicotine from bath to lumen was observed by the ... | 2006 | 16527303 |
| investigation of cuticular hydrocarbons for determining the age and survivorship of australasian mosquitoes. | the cuticular hydrocarbon (ch) technique of age grading mosquitoes was evaluated for use on laboratory-reared aedes aegypti (l.), anopheles farauti (laveran), and ochlerotatus vigilax (skuse). gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy was used to determine the relative abundance of five alkanes in hexane extracts from the legs of individual mosquitoes. age-related changes to relative hydrocarbon abundances were observed from an. farauti and ae. aegypti, which are vectors of malaria and dengue, respec ... | 2006 | 16525108 |
| a new recombinant mosquito salivary allergen, raed a 2: allergenicity, clinical relevance, and cross-reactivity. | mosquito salivary proteins cause allergic reactions in humans. the allergenicity, clinical relevance, and species cross-reactivity of a new 37-kda recombinant mosquito (aedes aegypti) salivary allergen, raed a 2, were evaluated. | 2006 | 16512811 |
| a novel high-throughput screening system to evaluate the behavioral response of adult mosquitoes to chemicals. | a modular and novel assay system for rapid mass screening of chemical compounds for contact irritant and spatial repellent actions against adult mosquitoes is described. the responses of aedes aegypti to various concentrations of 3 topical repellents, deet, bayrepel, and ss220, were evaluated. at treatment concentrations > or = 25 nmol/cm2 of ss220, mosquitoes exhibited significant contact irritant (escape) and spatial repellent (movement away from the chemical source) responses, whereas, a 10-f ... | 2005 | 16506566 |
| role of egg buster in hatching of aedes aegypti: scanning electron microscopy study. | egg hatching has been studied in aedes aegypti (l.) through scanning electron microscopy. the first sign of egg hatching is a small protrusion on the eggshell in the anterior pole. the larval movement provokes a crack in the eggshell with the egg buster located in the dorsal head. the egg buster provokes a small transverse fissure in the eggshell that gradually increases in the chorion. then, the rupture is completed around the eggshell. the separation of the anterior pole occurs, showing the do ... | 2006 | 16506449 |
| secreted ferritin: mosquito defense against iron overload? | the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, must blood feed in order to complete her life cycle. the blood meal provides a high level of iron that is required for egg development. we are interested in developing control strategies that interfere with this process. we show that a. aegypti larval cells synthesize and secrete ferritin in response to iron exposure. cytoplasmic ferritin is maximal at low levels of iron, consists of both the light chain (lch) and heavy chain (hch) subunits and reflects ... | 2006 | 16503479 |
| [persistence and efficacy of growth regulator pyriproxyfen in laboratory conditions for aedes aegypti]. | the persistence and efficacy of growth regulator pyriproxyfen were evaluated in two final concentrations 0.01 and 0.05 ppm against aedes aegypti larvae in laboratory conditions using three types of containers: cement box (45 liters), glass bottle (5 liters) and plastic bucket (20 liters). the tests were carried after 1, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 days of treatment against aedes aegypti larvae 3rd and 4th instar. the percentages of larvae, pupae and adult mortality, the percentage of adult eme ... | 2016 | 16501771 |
| biochemical detection of pyrethroid resistance mechanism in aedes aegypti in ratchaburi province, thailand. | the emergence of insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors was an important issue to be considered as one of factors influencing the success of vector control. the early detection of resistance could help the health personnel to plan and select appropriate alternative control measures or insecticide for effective control. therefore biochemical assay of enzymes in mosquito was conducted to detect the emergence of insecticide resistance and to define the machanisms involved in pyrethroid resistan ... | 2004 | 16493407 |
| adulticidal activity of some malaysian plant extracts against aedes aegypti linnaeus. | the adulticidal activity of methanol extracts from three malaysian plants namely acorus calamus linn., litsea elliptica blume and piper aduncum linn. against adult of aedes aegypti (l.) were studied. standard who bioassay tests were used to evaluate the effectiveness of these plant extracts. the hexane fraction from methanol extract of acorus calamus rhizome was the most effective, exhibiting lc50 and lc90 values of 0.04 mgcm(-2) and 0.09 mgcm(-2) respectively. for l. elliptica, the methanol fra ... | 2004 | 16493400 |
| insecticide susceptibility and selection for resistance in a population of aedes aegypti from ratchaburi province, thailand. | the insecticide susceptibility of aedes aegypti larvae and adults from four areas of ratchaburi province, thailand was investigated using world health organization standard procedures. the larvae of ae. aegypti in all areas were found to be susceptible to temephos. the strain with the highest level of temephos resistance was subjected to temephos selection. the resistance ratios increased to 2.74-fold from their parental non selected strain after 5 generations of selection. for the adult of ae. ... | 2004 | 16493392 |
| qsar study of mosquito repellents using codessa pro. | protection times provided by 31 synthetic repellents against aedes aegypti mosquitoes were correlated with the chemical structures of these repellents using codessa pro software. two statistically significant quantitative models with r2 values of ca. 0.80 are presented and discussed. | 2006 | 16488605 |
| larvicidal and repellent potential of albizzia amara boivin and ocimum basilicum linn against dengue vector, aedes aegypti (insecta:diptera:culicidae). | investigations were made to test the larval toxicity and smoke repellent potential of albizzia amara and ocimum basilicum at different concentration (2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) against the different instar (i, ii, iii and iv) larvae and pupae of aedes aegypti. the lc50 values of a. amara and o. basilicum for i instar larvae was 5.412 and 3.734, ii instar 6.480 and 4.154, iii instar 7.106 and 4.664, iv instar 7.515 and 5.124, respectively. the lc50 and lc90 values of pupae were 6.792%, 5.449% and 16 ... | 2007 | 16473002 |
| meconial peritrophic matrix structure, formation, and meconial degeneration in mosquito pupae/pharate adults: histological and ultrastructural aspects. | the noncellular peritrophic matrix (pm) that forms around the food bolus in the midgut of many arthropod species may influence the fate of ingested microbes. in mosquitoes, pms have been identified in the pupal as well as larval and adult stages. in pupae, the pms surround the meconium, the sloughed larval midgut epithelium. meconial pm1 (mpm1) forms early in the pupal stadium, and a second meconial pm (mpm2) sometimes forms around the time of adult emergence. a recent study suggests that mpms c ... | 2005 | 16465731 |
| effects of larval nutrition on the endocrinology of mosquito egg development. | reproduction by female mosquitoes is dependent on energy resources but modulated by hormones. our study focused on blood-meal-dependent, anautogenous aedes aegypti and autogenous ochlerotatus atropalpus that rely on larval-derived nutrient stores to develop eggs. to determine how larval nutrition affects the endocrinology of egg development in these females, we manipulated the quantity of larval food and measured in vitro production of juvenile hormone (jh) by corpora allata (ca) and ecdysteroid ... | 2006 | 16449559 |
| effect of food on immature development, consumption rate, and relative growth rate of toxorhynchites splendens (diptera: culicidae), a predator of container breeding mosquitoes. | food utilization by the larvae of toxorhynchites splendens (wiedemann) was studied in the laboratory by offering larvae of aedes aegypti linnaeus, anopheles stephensi (liston), and culex quinquefasciatus (say). quantitative analyses of data indicated that immature development was significantly faster with increase in food availability. the regression analysis showed that the degrees of the relationship between immature duration (id) and food availability were higher when offered early instars of ... | 2005 | 16444422 |
| in vivo and in vitro activity of venom from the endoparasitic wasp pimpla turionellae (l.) (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae). | the biological activity of venom from pimpla turionellae l. (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae) was examined in vivo toward larvae and pupae of galleriae mellonella l. (lepidoptera: pyralidae), and in vitro toward bacterial and fungal cultures, as well as cultured insect cells. pupae of g. mellonella were far more susceptible to the venom than larvae. at low doses of venom [0.1 venom reservoir equivalents (vre)], pupal abdominal mobility was inhibited within 30 min, and by 24 h, all pupae injected with ... | 2006 | 16416450 |
| regulatory mechanisms of chitin biosynthesis and roles of chitin in peritrophic matrix formation in the midgut of adult aedes aegypti. | in mosquitoes, the peritrophic matrix is formed in response to blood feeding and can be a physical barrier when pathogens ingested with blood meal attempt to reach and transverse the midgut epithelium. the main components of the peritrophic matrix are chitin-biding-domain containing proteins, glycosylated proteins, and chitin fibrils. chitin is synthesized from fructose-6-phosphate by a series of five enzymatic reactions. we previously found that blood feeding induces transcriptional up-regulati ... | 2006 | 16360944 |
| mark-release-recapture study to measure dispersal of the mosquito aedes aegypti in cairns, queensland, australia. | in queensland, australia, in response to isolated cases of dengue infection, larval control of the vector aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is targeted at breeding sites within 200 m of a case and interior spraying with a pyrethroid adulticide is targeted at premises within 100 m. to ascertain whether these limits are appropriate, we conducted a mark-release-recapture study to measure the dispersal of female ae. aegypti in the city of cairns where transmission occurs. female mosquitoes rea ... | 2005 | 16336310 |
| bioengineering of a cellulosic fabric for insecticide delivery via grafted cyclodextrin. | beta-cyclodextrin (beta-cd) can be easily grafted onto cellulosic textiles through covalent bonds. in such a way beta-cd empty cavities provide an efficient tool for entrapping different kinds of hydrophobic molecules on the surface of the fabric and releasing them slowly in time. the capability of cyclodextrins to include hydrophobic molecules such as fragrances, antimicrobial agents, and other chemicals can be then exploited to produce new grafted textiles with peculiar and useful performances ... | 2013 | 16321057 |
| aedes aegypti phosphohexomutases and uridine diphosphate-hexose pyrophosphorylases: comparison of primary sequences, substrate specificities and temporal transcription. | phosphohexomutases reversibly catalyse the transfer of the phosphate group of a glycosyl phosphate between the c6 and c1 positions, and uridine diphosphate (udp)-hexose pyrophosphorylases catalyse the synthesis of udp-hexose from uridine triphosphate (utp) and hexose-1-phosphate. both enzyme families are essential for nucleoside diphosphate hexose biosynthesis and are therefore critical for various physiological functions in the midgut of mosquitoes after a blood meal. we cloned and sequenced th ... | 2005 | 16313562 |
| the evolution of immune-related genes from disease carrying mosquitoes: diversity in a peptidoglycan- and a thioester-recognizing protein. | adaptive polymorphism may be common in immune system genes as co-evolutionary interactions foster diversity; either through ongoing positive selection (arms races), or balancing selection. dna sequence diversity in two putative immune system genes was examined in species of the genus anopheles and from aedes aegypti. for one gene, encoding the peptidoglycan recognizing protein pgrplb, there was evidence of purifying selection, suggesting that selection acts to eliminate sequence variation. for a ... | 2005 | 16313560 |
| the isolated anterior stomach of larval mosquitoes (aedes aegypti): voltage-clamp measurements with a tubular epithelium. | the anterior stomach of larval aedes aegypti was isolated and perfused via two pipettes. for transepithelial voltage (v(te)) measurement, the inflow pipette and the bath were connected via agar bridges to calomel electrodes. for voltage-clamping, the lumen of the tissue contained an ag/agcl wire held by the outflow pipette, and the preparation was placed in a bath within a spiral of ag/agcl wire. after equilibrating the tissue in mosquito saline on both sides, a v(te) of -8+/-1 mv was measured ( ... | 2006 | 16310390 |
| isolation of a fragment homologous to the rp49 constitutive gene of drosophila in the neotropical malaria vector anopheles aquasalis (diptera: culicidae). | the constitutive ribosomal gene rp49 is frequently used as an endogenous control in drosophila gene expression experiments. using the degenerate primer pcr technique we have cloned a fragment homologous to this gene in anopheles aquasalis curry, a neotropical vector of malaria. in addition, based on this first sequence, a new primer was designed, which allowed the isolation of fragments of rp49 in two other species, aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and culex quinquefasciatus say, suggesting that it coul ... | 2005 | 16302065 |
| a simple, artificial-membrane feeding method for the radio-isotope labelling of aedes aegypti polypeptides in vivo. | an artificial feeding unit has been designed and constructed to feed laboratory-bred aedes aegypti with a radio-isotope (35s), so that the mosquitoes' polypeptides can be labelled in vivo. in the unit, a piece of parafilm m barrier film is stretched over the bottom, outer surface of a polystyrene petri dish, to create a small gap in which the mixture of blood and radio-isotope is placed. warm water is placed in the dish, to keep the blood at about 37 degrees c. when such units were placed on net ... | 2005 | 16297294 |
| predatory potential of nepa cinerea against mosquito larvae in laboratory conditions. | biocontrol potential of nepidae bug, nepa cinerea against immature stages of anopheles stephensi, anopheles culicifacies, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti was studied under laboratory conditions. it was found that n. cinerea had the highest predation against an. stephensi followed by an. culicifacies, cmx quinquefasciatus and ae. aegypti. from the analysis, it was found that n. cinerea has good predation efficacy. it can be used as a biological control agent to control of mosquito breedi ... | 2004 | 16295671 |
| laboratory bio-assay of temephos and fenthion against some vector species of public health importance. | laboratory studies carried out using temephos and fenthion, two commonly used larvicides under urban malaria scheme (nmep) and nfcp for the control of mosquito larvae. the results revealed that the lc50 and lc90 values for temephos against aedes aegypti 0.0177 and 0.0559, anopheles stephensi 0.0148 and 0.0472, culex quinquefasciatus 0.0157 & 0.0480 and for culex vishnui group of mosquitoes 0.043 & 0.0118 ppm respectively. the results obtained revealed that there is a 62.8 & 94.12 times increase ... | 2004 | 16295670 |
| free amino acids are important for the retention of protein and non-protein meals by the midgut of aedes aegypti females. | there is a relationship between the normal progress of digestion and the retention or elimination of the proteins ingested with the meal by aedes aegyti females. the addition of soybean trypsin inhibitor (sti) to a protein meal prevented digestion and resulted in a rapid elimination of the undigested proteins. the addition of a mix of free amino acids to a protein meal together with sti resulted in a significant increase in the retention of the undigested proteins during the first 10-15 hrs afte ... | 2003 | 16256686 |
| larvicidal activity of cybistax antisyphilitica against aedes aegypti larvae. | the larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae of a stem wood hexane extract of cybistax antisyphilitica was evaluated. bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract, monitored by larvicidal assay, led to the isolation of a natural quinone identified as 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1.4-naphthoquinone (lapachol). this compound was quite potent against a. aegypti larvae (lc50 26.3 microg/ml). | 2005 | 16229968 |
| purification and primary structural characterization of prophenoloxidases from aedes aegypti larvae. | there are more prophenoloxidase (propo) genes in mosquitoes than other model insect species studied to date. the high sequence similarity among mosquito propos makes it extremely difficult to use histochemical methods to determine the presence of individual propos in different stages of mosquito development or their tissue locations. as a consequence, there always are questions when attempting to assign any observed functions to a particular propo. by following the po fractions of aedes aegypti ... | 2005 | 16203208 |
| novel 5beta-hydroxyspirostan-6-ones ecdysteroid antagonists: synthesis and biological testing. | eight new 5beta-hydroxy-spirostan-6-ones bearing hydroxy and amino functions in the a ring, i.e., 3beta-oh, 3alpha-oh, 2beta,3beta-oh, 2alpha,3beta-oh, 3beta-nh2, 2alpha-nh2-3beta-oh, 2beta-nh2-3beta-oh, and 2beta-oh-3beta-nh2, were efficiently synthesized, and their antiecdysteroid activities were evaluated on the metamorphosis bioassay of mosquito aedes aegypti. to our knowledge, these new steroids represent the first 5beta-hydroxy-spirostanes which have been tested for antiecdysteroid activit ... | 2006 | 16191434 |
| laboratory and scaled up evaluation of cis-permethrin applied as a new ultra low volume formulation against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | ultra low volume (ulv) aerial spraying is a common methodology for spatial treatments for aedes aegypti (l.) control. previous studies from our laboratory indicated that the cis isomer of permethrin has an excellent efficacy for vector control, in particular for triatoma infestans. it was of interest to determine the efficacy of this pure isomer in a ulv water-based formulation for adult a. aegypti control, since both vectors usually are found together in south america. a method is presented to ... | 2006 | 16174514 |
| bruchid (coleoptera: bruchidae) ovicidal phenylbutanoid from zingiber purpureum. | the larvicidal activity of the dichloromethane extract of zingiber purpureum roscoe (zingiberaceae) rhizome against the second instar of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is shown to be due to 4-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)buta-1,3-diene. the diene also showed ovicidal activity against the bruchid callosobruchus maculatus (f.) (coleoptera: bruchidae). most of the eggs laid by bruchids on treated cowpea seeds were transparent, and very few of them contained developing embryos. the few larvae pro ... | 2005 | 16156567 |
| novel glycosidic linkage in aedes aegypti chorion peroxidase: n-mannosyl tryptophan. | aedes aegypti chorion peroxidase (cpo) plays a crucial role in chorion hardening by catalyzing chorion protein cross-linking through dityrosine formation. the enzyme is extremely resistant to denaturing conditions, which seem intimately related to its post-translational modifications, including disulfide bond formation and glycosylation. in this report, we have provided data that describe a new type of glycosylation in cpo, where a mannose is linked to the n-1 atom of the indole ring of trp resi ... | 2005 | 16150691 |
| mathematical model to assess the control of aedes aegypti mosquitoes by the sterile insect technique. | we propose a mathematical model to assess the effects of irradiated (or transgenic) male insects introduction in a previously infested region. the release of sterile male insects aims to displace gradually the natural (wild) insect from the habitat. we discuss the suitability of this release technique when applied to peri-domestically adapted aedes aegypti mosquitoes which are transmissors of yellow fever and dengue disease. | 2005 | 16125739 |
| the drosophila melanogaster cinnabar gene is a cell autonomous genetic marker in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the cinnabar gene of drosophila melanogaster (meigen) encodes for kynurenine hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in ommochrome biosynthesis. this gene is commonly included as a visible genetic marker in gene vectors used to create transgenic aedes aegypti (l.) that are homozygous for the khw allele, the mosquito homolog of cinnabar. unexpectedly, the phenotype of cells expressing kynurenine hydroxylase in transgenic ae. aegypti is cell autonomous as demonstrated by the recovery of insects heterozygo ... | 2005 | 16119567 |
| assessment of laboratory and field assays of sunlight-induced killing of mosquito larvae by photosensitizers. | the effectiveness of light-induced killing of mosquito larvae in the presence of photosensitizers was studied with larvae of aedes aegypti (l.), anopheles stephensi (liston), and culex quinquefasciatus say grown in the laboratory and of cx. quinquefasciatus grown under field conditions. tested photosensitizers included xanthene, chlorin, and porphyrin derivatives. all the larvae were treated at the fourth instar. preliminary laboratory experiments showed a light-induced lethal effect of rose ben ... | 2005 | 16119556 |
| evaluation of methoprene effect on aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) development in laboratory conditions. | several brazilian aedes aegypti populations are resistant to the larvicidae temephos. methoprene, that inhibits adult emergence, is one of the alternatives envisaged by the brazilian dengue control program (pncd). however, at brazil vector infestation rates are measured through larvae indexes and it has been claimed that methoprene use in the field could face operational problems. in order to define a standardized protocol, methoprene effect was evaluated in laboratory conditions after continuou ... | 2005 | 16113894 |
| evaluation of histological techniques for the detection of fungal infections caused by leptolegnia chapmanii (oomycetes: saprolegniales) in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | we evaluated which of the fixatives and stains most frequently used for observation of insect tissues were the most appropriate for histopathological visualization of entomopathogenic fungal infections with leptolegnia chapmanii in larvae of aedes aegypti. the best contrast between the host tissues and the fungal structures was obtained when using a combination of camoy fixative with grocott staining contrasted with light green. masson trichromic stain combined with 10% formaldehyde-phosphate bu ... | 2005 | 16110916 |
| carbonic anhydrase in the adult mosquito midgut. | we have previously demonstrated the involvement of carbonic anhydrase (ca) in larval mosquito midgut physiology. in this study, we used hansson's histochemistry to examine the distribution of the enzyme in the midgut of aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, culex quinquefasciatus, culex nigripalpus, ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus, anopheles albimanus and anopheles quadrimaculatus adult mosquitoes. additionally, we quantitated ca content in the anterior and posterior midgut of adult males and females fro ... | 2005 | 16109888 |
| isolation and identification of mosquito bite deterrent terpenoids from leaves of american (callicarpa americana) and japanese (callicarpa japonica) beautyberry. | essential oil extracts from callicarpa americana and callicarpa japonica were investigated. bioassay-guided fractionation of c. americana extracts using the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, led to the isolation of alpha-humulene, humulene epoxide ii, and intermedeol and a newly isolated terpenoid (callicarpenal). similar work involving c. japonica resulted in the isolation of an additional compound, spathulenol, as well as the four compounds isolated from c. americana. structure elucidation ... | 2005 | 16028979 |
| sequential release and residual activity of temephos applied as sand granules to water-storage jars for the control of aedes aegypti larvae (diptera: culicidae). | two long-term experiments were carried out on the release profile and efficacy of temephos 1% gr (sand granules) against aedes aegypti larvae in water-storage containers. in the first experiment, the efficacy of temephos 1% gr enclosed and tied in a muslin cloth and placed in water at the bottom of 200 l earthen water-storage jars was studied by exposing the packets for four to nine wk in one set ofjars and then transferring them sequentially to new sets ofjars four times successively. temephos ... | 2005 | 16007957 |
| identification and characterization of a novel peritrophic matrix protein, ae-aper50, and the microvillar membrane protein, aeg12, from the mosquito, aedes aegypti. | immuno-screening of an adult aedes aegypti midgut cdna expression library with anti-peritrophic matrix antibodies identified cdnas encoding a novel peritrophic matrix protein, termed ae. aegypti adult peritrophin 50 (ae-aper50), and the epithelial cell-surface membrane protein, aeg12. both genes are expressed exclusively in the midguts of adult female mosquitoes and their expression is strongly induced by blood feeding. ae-aper50 has a predicted secretory signal peptide and five chitin-binding d ... | 2005 | 15978997 |
| combination of a non-pyrethroid insecticide and a repellent: a new approach for controlling knockdown-resistant mosquitoes. | although pyrethroid-treated materials are a promising tool for the prevention and the control of dengue in the tropics, the development of pyrethroid resistance in the main mosquito vector (aedes aegypti) may negate their use for personal and/or community protection. in that context, the efficacy of a mixture of a repellent (n,n-diethyl toluamide [deet]) and a non-pyrethroid insecticide (propoxur) was investigated under laboratory conditions against both pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-res ... | 2005 | 15964959 |
| comparative study on nocturnal behavior of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | nocturnal behavior of nonblood-fed females of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) was studied using an automatic recording device equipped with a photoelectric sensor. carbon dioxide, heating, and the contrast of the black and white colors were used as attractive cues for mosquitoes. the nocturnal host-seeking activity positively correlated with the increasing light intensity in both species. ae. aegypti was found to be more sensitive to light than ae. albopictus. the threshold of li ... | 2005 | 15962780 |
| functional analysis of aescp-2 using gene expression knockdown in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the effect of gene expression knockdown was used to study the function of the sterol carrier protein-2 (aescp-2) in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. injection of small double stranded aescp-2 rnas into mosquito larvae resulted in the knockdown of gene products. the lack of aescp-2 in larvae coincided with a reduction in accumulated cholesterol in pupae, supporting the hypothesis that aescp-2 may be involved in cholesterol uptake in mosquito larvae. knockdown of aescp-2 caused a high mor ... | 2005 | 15926899 |
| the ferritin light-chain homologue promoter in aedes aegypti. | promoters that direct the expression of antipathogenic molecules to primary sites of pathogenic invasions provide a means to interfere with these invasions. thus, they have the potential to be used in mosquito control. however, exogenous elements are known to lower the fitness of most insects, and given the ability of insects to evolve rapidly, all currently known promoters could be rendered useless. as transgenic mosquitoes may be a major component in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases, ... | 2005 | 15926895 |
| regulation of the ferritin heavy-chain homologue gene in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti, the ferritin heavy-chain homologue (hch) gene is induced by blood feeding. this suggests that ferritin may serve as a cytotoxic protector against the oxidative challenge of the blood meal and may be essential for the survival of the insect. in this study, various cis-acting elements for the gene were identified and mapped. transfection assays showed that the strength and activity of a subset of these elements are orientation-dependent. the shift observ ... | 2005 | 15926891 |
| phytopesticidal and repellent efficacy of litsea salicifolia (lauraceae) against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | litsea salicifolia is one of the many plants used as phytopesticide, traditionally by various tribes of assam. of the five extracts of l. salicifolia tested for the bioactivity against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus, the aqueous extract was more effective compared to other extracts exhibiting bioactivity at 72 ppm against a. aegypti. the hexane extract (2000 ppm) exhibited 70% repellent activity for 3 hr against a. aegypti and 46% activity for 3 hr against c. quinquefasciatus. this is ... | 2005 | 15900915 |
| mosquito glucosamine-6-phosphate n-acetyltransferase: cdna, gene structure and enzyme kinetics. | mosquito midgut epithelial cells secrete digestive enzymes as well as components of the peritrophic matrix in response to blood-feeding. the peritrophic matrix is composed of proteins, glycoproteins and chitin fibrils in a proteoglycan matrix and may function to protect the midgut epithelium from mechanical damage and insult from pathogens and toxins. chitin biosynthesis takes place via the hexosamine pathway converting fructose-6-phosphate to udp-n-acetylglucosamine, which is then polymerized t ... | 2005 | 15857769 |
| expression of nuclear receptor-transcription factor genes during aedes aegypti midgut metamorphosis and the effect of methoprene on expression. | exposure of mosquito 4th instars to the juvenile hormone analogue methoprene prevents the emergence of adults by interfering with metamorphosis. one metamorphic processes that is disrupted is midgut remodeling. to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs, the pattern of transcription factor gene expression during the aedes aegypti (l.) 4th instar was investigated by the method of real time pcr. the results indicate that in untreated larvae, expression of transcription factors ge ... | 2005 | 15857762 |
| crystal structures of aedes aegypti kynurenine aminotransferase. | aedes aegypti kynurenine aminotransferase (aekat) catalyzes the irreversible transamination of kynurenine to kynurenic acid, the natural antagonist of nmda and 7-nicotinic acetycholine receptors. here, we report the crystal structure of aekat in its pmp and plp forms at 1.90 and 1.55 a, respectively. the structure was solved by a combination of single-wavelength anomalous dispersion and molecular replacement approaches. the initial search model in the molecular replacement method was built with ... | 2005 | 15853804 |
| [strategies for controlling dengue and aedes aegypti in the americas]. | | 2009 | 15846945 |
| mathematical models for the aedes aegypti dispersal dynamics: travelling waves by wing and wind. | biological invasion is an important area of research in mathematical biology and more so if it concerns species which are vectors for diseases threatening the public health of large populations. that is certainly the case for aedes aegypti and the dengue epidemics in south america. without the prospect of an effective and cheap vaccine in the near future, any feasible public policy for controlling the dengue epidemics in tropical climates must necessarily include appropriate strategies for minim ... | 2005 | 15820740 |
| ammonia metabolism in aedes aegypti. | we investigated the mechanisms by which aedes aegypti mosquitoes are able to metabolize ammonia. when females were given access to solutions containing nh(4)cl or to a blood meal, hemolymph glutamine and proline concentrations increased markedly, indicating that ammonium/ammonia can be removed from the body through the synthesis of these two amino acids. the importance of glutamine synthetase was shown when an inhibitor of the enzyme was added to the meal causing the glutamine concentration in h ... | 2005 | 15804581 |
| expression of genes encoding proteins involved in ecdysteroidogenesis in the female mosquito, aedes aegypti. | a blood meal induces the ovaries of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes to produce ecdysteroid hormones that regulate many processes required for egg maturation. various proteins involved in the intracellular transport and biosynthesis of ecdysteroid precursors have been identified by analysis of drosophila melanogaster mutants and by biochemical and molecular techniques in other insects. to begin examining these processes in mosquito ovaries, complete cdnas were cloned for putative orthologs of dia ... | 2005 | 15804580 |
| a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of garlic as a mosquito repellant: a preliminary study. | the hypothesis that the ingestion of garlic provides protection against bloodsucking pests such as mosquitoes was investigated using a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study. subjects were asked to consume either garlic (one visit) or a placebo (the other visit). they were then exposed to laboratory-reared aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae). the numbers of mosquitoes that did not feed on the subjects, the number of mosquito bites, the weights of the mosquitoes ... | 2005 | 15752181 |
| larvicidal activity of tagetes patula essential oil against three mosquito species. | larvicidal activity of tagetes patula essential oil was tested against the fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex quinquefaciatus. five different concentrations of essential oil were studied and the results were compared with that of synthetic insecticide, malathion. a. aegypti (lc(50) 13.57, lc(90) 37.91) was most susceptible followed by an. stephensi (lc(50) 12.08, lc(90) 57.62) and c. quinquefaciatus (lc(50) 22.33, lc(90) 71.89). | 2005 | 15734310 |
| [effect of larvae density on adult size of aedes aegypti reared under laboratory condictions]. | to evaluate the influence of larval density in development of aedes aegypti mosquitoes we evaluated three different densities. it was observed that conditions of high larval density and shortage of food produced a reduction in the size of adults and increased mortality rate of aedes aegypti in laboratory conditions. | 2006 | 15717099 |
| analysis of na+, cl-, k+, h+ and nh4+ concentration gradients adjacent to the surface of anal papillae of the mosquito aedes aegypti: application of self-referencing ion-selective microelectrodes. | ion concentration gradients adjacent to the surface of the anal papillae of larvae of the mosquito aedes aegypti were measured using self-referencing ion-selective microelectrodes. the gradients were used to calculate estimates of ion fluxes into and out of the papillae. there was a net influx of na+, cl- and k+ from the bathing medium and a net efflux of acid and nh4+. no ca2+ gradients were detectable. na+ and cl- influx occurred against a concentration gradient suggesting active transport. al ... | 2005 | 15695753 |
| sensory representation of temperature in mosquito warm and cold cells. | a pair of antagonistic thermoreceptive cells is associated with each of two peg-in-pit sensilla located on the antennal tip of aedes aegypti. one, the warm cell, responds to rapid warming with a sudden increase in the rate of discharge. the other, a cold cell, responds to rapid cooling with a sudden increase in the discharge rate. when temperature changes are provided by oscillating changes in the convective heat contained in the stimulating air stream, the oscillating discharge rates of both ce ... | 2005 | 15673550 |
| the use of household bleach to control aedes aegypti. | we evaluated the lethal effects of household bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite; naoci) on immature aedes aegypti in tap water, with and without food, and in field-collected automobile tires. a sublethal dose was employed as a disinfectant in tires to control immatures through the destruction of microorganisms that constitute the main food items of mosquito larvae. the concentration of bleach that was required to kill all immatures was higher in the presence of larval food and older immatures. le ... | 2004 | 15669389 |
| mosquito vector control and biology in latin america--a fourteenth symposium. abstracts. | the 14th annual latin american symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 70th annual meeting in savannah, ga, in february 2004. the principal objective, as for the previous 13 symposia, was to promote participation in the amca by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 37 presentations that were given orally in spanish or presented as posters by participant ... | 2004 | 15669378 |
| subsoil drain sumps are a key container for aedes aegypti in cairns, australia. | the contribution of subterranean drain sumps to pupal and adult populations of aedes aegypti is reported for the 1st time in cairns, australia. pupal surveys were used to quantify the relative contribution of drain sumps to the total population of ae. aegypti by concurrent survey of sump and water-bearing containers in yards of inner-city premises. a total of 854 mosquito pupae were collected, predominantly ae. aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (26.3 and 69.8%, respectively). drain sumps provid ... | 2004 | 15669376 |
| a comparison of seven traps used for collection of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti originating from a large tire repository in harris county (houston), texas. | among 7 traps tested, significantly higher (p < 0.01) mean numbers of aedes albopictus (269) and aedes aegypti (55) females were collected within the mosquito magnet liberty trap compared with the remaining traps. the second highest mean captures for both species were obtained from omnidirectional fay-prince (77 ae. albopictus) and dragonfly (13 ae. aegypti) traps, which were not significantly different (p > 0.01) from an experimental moving-target trap that produced mean captures of 40 ae. albo ... | 2004 | 15669373 |