| synthesis and bio-evaluation of aryl hydrazono esters for oviposition responses in aedes albopictus. | a novel series of aryl hydrazono esters (ahe) (1-13) were synthesized (yield 76-98%) to study the oviposition responses in aedes albopictus (skuse) mosquitoes for the first time. at a concentration of 10μgml(-1) in dual choice experiment, among the screened compounds, ahe-12 showed remarkable oviposition attractant activity with an oviposition activity index (oai) of +0.299 (greater than 95% confidence limit) comparable to p-cresol (oai +0.320) which is well-reported oviposition attractant for a ... | 2011 | 21193312 |
| an evaluation of educational interventions aimed at decreasing aedes aegypti mosquito breeding sites: a systematic review. | | 2011 | 27820243 |
| [operational impact of the use of insecticidal products on aedes aegypti larvae in havana province]. | in spite of the huge efforts of the aedes aegypti eradication program in cuba, there are still certain infestation indexes favoring the development of outbreaks or epidemics in some regions of the country. havana province holds a leading position in this negative indicator, in which the use of insecticides plays an important role. | 2013 | 23437542 |
| [bioecological studies of aedes (st) aegypti in an urban area with low vector density in camagüey province]. | the control of the breeding sites of mosquitoes of medical importance is essential for the anti-vector fighting programs; however, the efforts made so far have not great enough since the confirmed dengue fever cases gradually increase. | 2013 | 23437539 |
| an improved experimental hut design for the study of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) movement patterns in thailand. | | 2010 | 21175951 |
| efficacy of sticky and standard ovitraps for aedes aegypti in trinidad, west indies. | the double sticky trap (dst) is described for the first time and is evaluated along with standard ovitraps and sticky traps (sts) to determine population densities of ae. aegypti in the urban township of st. augustine and the rural community of tamana, trinidad, west indies. ten houses were selected at each study site. at each of the ten houses, one ovitrap, one st, and one dst were placed using the criteria established for placement of ovitraps. the results showed the three trapping methods suc ... | 2010 | 21175947 |
| bionomics of aedes aegypti subpopulations (diptera: culicidae) from argentina. | differences in biological features of immature and adult aedes aegypti, as well as variability in vector competence, seem consistent with the existence of genetic variation among subpopulations and adaptation to local conditions. this work aims to compare the bionomics of four ae. aegypti subpopulations derived from different geographical regions reared under temperate conditions. life statistics of three ae. aegypti subpopulations from the provinces of córdoba, salta, and misiones were studied ... | 2010 | 21175932 |
| irritant and repellent behavioral responses of aedes aegypti male populations developed for ridl disease control strategies. | behavioral responses of aedes aegypti male populations developed for release of insects carrying a dominant lethal (ridl) technology and a malaysian wild-type population of two age groups (4-5 and 8-10 d old) were tested under laboratory conditions against chemical irritants and repellents using the high-throughput screening system device. results indicate that all male ae. aegypti test populations showed significant (p < 0.01) behavioral escape responses when exposed to alphacypermethrin, ddt, ... | 2010 | 21175058 |
| investigation of environmental influences on a transcriptional assay for the prediction of age of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes. | we examined the effects of environmental regulation of gene transcription on the accuracy of a transcriptional profiling method for determining insect age. in combined temperature/nutrition treatments, aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes were maintained in the laboratory at three different temperatures (20, 26, and 32 degrees c), and larvae were fed on low, medium, and high diet regimens. adult mosquitoes of distinct size classes were produced. transcription of three age-responsive genes (ae-15848, ae ... | 2010 | 21175052 |
| characterization of thrombin inhibitory mechanism of raati, a kazal-type inhibitor from aedes aegypti with anticoagulant activity. | saliva of blood-sucking arthropods contains a complex mixture of anti-haemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulator compounds. among anti-haemostatic factors, there are anticoagulants, vasodilators and platelet aggregation inhibitors. previous analyses of the sialotranscriptome of aedes aegypti showed the potential presence of a kazal-type serine protease inhibitor in the female salivary glands, carcass and also in the whole male, which inhibitor we named aati (a. aegypti thrombin inhibito ... | 2011 | 21167902 |
| composition and immunotoxicity activity of major essential oils from stems of allium victorialis l. var. platyphyllum makino against aedes aegypti l. | the stems of allium victorialis l. var. platyphyllum were extracted and the major essential oil composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms), which revealed the essential oils of a. victorialis l. var. platyphyllum stems. the a. victorialis l. var. platyphyllum essential oil yield was 1.45%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were allyl methyl disulfide (24.36%), dimethyl trisulfide (11.7 ... | 2011 | 21162628 |
| process-oriented fidelity research assists in evaluation, adjustment and scaling-up of community-based interventions. | fidelity research can help to answer essential questions about the diffusion process of innovative health interventions and provide insights for further scaling-up and institutionalization. this study assessed fidelity and reinvention in the implementation of a community-based control strategy for aedes aegypti control. the intervention was implemented in 16 study areas in la lisa, a municipality of havana, cuba. its major components were: organization & management, capacity-building, community ... | 2011 | 21149346 |
| bioefficacy of plumbago zeylanica (plumbaginaceae) and cestrum nocturnum (solanaceae) plant extracts against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicide) and nontarget fish poecilia reticulata. | in a search for natural products that could be used to control the vectors of tropical diseases, extracts of medicinal plants plumbago zeylanica and cestrum nocturnum have been tested for larvicidal activity against second, third, and fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti. the lc(50) values of all the extracts in different solvents of both the plants were less than 50 ppm (15.40-38.50 ppm) against all tested larval instars. plant extracts also affected the life cycle of a. aegypti by inhibition ... | 2011 | 21107859 |
| defining the core apoptosis pathway in the mosquito disease vector aedes aegypti: the roles of iap1, ark, dronc, and effector caspases. | to date, our knowledge of apoptosis regulation in insects comes almost exclusively from the model organism drosophila melanogaster. in contrast, despite the identification of numerous genes that are presumed to regulate apoptosis in other insects based on sequence homology, little has been done to examine the molecular pathways that regulate apoptosis in other insects, including medically important disease vectors. in d. melanogaster, the core apoptosis pathway consists of the caspase negative r ... | 2011 | 21107703 |
| major essential oils composition and immunotoxicity activity from leaves of foeniculum vulgare against aedes aegypti l. | the leaves of foeniculum vulgare (umbelliferae) were extracted and the major essential oil composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed the essential oils of f. vulgare leaves. the f. vulgare essential oil yield was 0.97%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were methyl clavicol (46.3%), α-phellandrene (18.2%), fenchone (10.6%), (e)-anethole (11.3%), myrcene (3.4%), and α-pinene (2.1%) ... | 2011 | 21077804 |
| geo-database use to promote dengue infection prevention and control. | dengue infection (di) is a major health problem in thailand and is especially prevalent in ubon ratchathani province. the objectives of the project were: (1) to develop a geo-database system for di prevention and control, (2) to perform an aedes aegypti larval vector survey for di prevention and control in ubon ratchathani province, (3) to study the behavior and perceptions regarding di prevention among the target population in ubon ratchathani province. ten villages with high incidences of di o ... | 2010 | 21073058 |
| insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against aedes aegypti (linn.), anopheles minimus (theobald) and culex quinquefasciatus say based on protection time and biting rate. | this study investigated insect bite protection and length of the protection with 30 repellents which were divided into 3 categories: plant oil, essential oil and essential oil with ethyl alcohol, tested against three mosquito species, aedes aegypti, anopheles minimus and culex quinquefasciatus, under laboratory conditions. the plant oil group was comprised of phlai (zingiber cassumunar) and sweet basil (ocimum basilicum). both substances were effective as repellents and feeding deterrents agains ... | 2010 | 21073057 |
| comparative larvicidal activity of essential oils from three medicinal plants against aedes aegypti l. | this work aimed at comparing larvicidal activity of essential oils extracted from the dried leaves of alpinia speciosa, cymbopogon citratus, and rosmarinus officinalis against ae. aegypti larvae. the larvae were observed for 4 h and at 24 h according to a completely randomized design with three replications and the following concentrations [μl/ml]: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and controls were distilled water, and commercial standard citral, camphor, eucalyptol, α-pinene, and β-myrcene. the e ... | 2010 | 21072779 |
| effects of culture medium and formulation on the larvicidal activity of the mosquito pathogen lagenidium giganteum (oomycetes: lagenidiales) against aedes aegypti. | in this work, we examined the production of infective zoospores of lagenidium giganteum in four culture media, and the larvicidal activity of the cultures was determined against aedes aegypti larvae, as well as the effect of polymer encapsulation. medium containing sunflower seed extract showed the greatest production of zoospores, 5.92×10(6) zoospores/ml after six days of fermentation at 25±2°c and 150rpm shaking. this culture tested against a. aegypti 1st stage larvae caused different mortalit ... | 2011 | 21056028 |
| comparative identification of protein profiles and major allergens of saliva, salivary gland and whole body extracts of mosquito species in thailand. | allergic reactions to mosquito bites, such as generalized urticaria or severe local reactions are common problems worldwide. the diverse sources of allergen prepared from different mosquito body parts usage are a major obstacle to obtaining safe and effective tests and immunotherapy for mosquito bite allergy. thus, the reactions are often not recognized and allergen immunotherapy is seldom used for severe reaction to mosquito bites. in a search for appropriate allergen sources, the protein profi ... | 2016 | 21038786 |
| impact of parthenium hysterophorus leaf extracts on the fecundity, fertility and behavioural response of aedes aegypti l. | different extracts of 1,000 ppm were prepared from the leaves of parthenium hysterophorus using acetone, benzene, petroleum ether, diethyl ether and hexane as the solvents. the efficacy of each extract was assessed against dengue fever vector, aedes aegypti by evaluating the variations in fecundity, fertility and behavioural response of the female adults. the leaf extracts could cause 70-100% repellency in the oviposition behaviour of the adults. the diethyl ether extract was found to be the mos ... | 2011 | 20978787 |
| the insect repellent deet (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) increases the synthesis of glutathione s-transferase in cultured mosquito cells. | deet (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) is the active ingredient used in many commonly used insect repellents, but its mode of action remains poorly understood. efforts to identify properties that could lead to the development of more effective active ingredients have distinguished among deet's repellent, deterrent, and insecticidal activities. we used an aedes albopictus mosquito cell line to evaluate deet's toxicological properties in the absence of sensory input mediated by the olfactory system. ... | 2011 | 20963476 |
| dengue vector surveillance in insular settlements of pulau ketam, selangor, malaysia. | a year-long ovitrap surveillance was conducted between november 2007 and october 2008 in two insular settlements (kampung pulau ketam and kampung sungai lima) within the malaysian island of pulau ketam. eighty standard ovitraps were placed indoors and outdoors of randomly selected houses/locations. results demonstrated an endemic baseline aedes population throughout the year without weekly large fluctuations. kampung pulau ketam has high aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus population, but only ae ... | 2010 | 20962714 |
| novel carboxamides as potential mosquito repellents. | a model was developed using 167 carboxamide derivatives, from the united states department of agriculture archival database, that were tested as arthropod repellents over the past 60 yr. an artificial neural network employing codessa pro descriptors was used to construct a quantitative structure-activity relationship model for prediction of novel mosquito repellents. by correlating the structure of these carboxamides with complete protection time, a measure of repellency based on duration, 34 ca ... | 2010 | 20939392 |
| a high throughput screening system for determining the three actions of insecticides against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations in thailand. | chemicals can protect humans from the bites of hemophagous arthropods through three different primary actions: irritancy (excitation), repellency, or toxicity, actions that can be evaluated using a laboratory-based assay system. in this study, the deterrent and toxic actions of three synthetic pyrethroids and ddt were characterized on six field strains of aedes aegypti from thailand under laboratory-controlled conditions using the high throughput screening system. all six strains showed signific ... | 2010 | 20939378 |
| quantitative relationships between immature and emergent adult aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations in water storage container habitats. | although quantitative surveillance data for immature stages of aedes aegypti are often used to prioritize containers or specific types of containers for control, the relationship between immature and emergent adult populations under field conditions is largely unknown. we examined the relationships between abundance of iii/iv instars and pupae, and emerging adult population for a series of water storage containers in southern vietnam. a large proportion of iii/iv instars failed to progress to ad ... | 2010 | 20939367 |
| [epidemics and disease during the revolution period in mexico]. | the health condition in mexico was bad around de beginning of the revolutionary period. the movement of troops led the development of epidemics like yellow fever, typhus, smallpox, and influenza that were enhance with natural disasters and hunger in whole country, from cost to cost and in the north big cities like monterrey, guadalajara and saltillo. doctor liceaga conducted a well planned campaign against yellow fever eradicating water stagnant deposits in order to combat the vector transmissio ... | 2015 | 20929620 |
| prevention of dengue outbreaks through aedes aegypti oviposition activity forecasting method. | dengue has affected the north provinces of argentina, mainly salta province. the 2009 outbreak, with 5 deaths and >27,000 infected, was the most important, and the first to extend into the central area of the country. this article includes research on seasonal aedes aegypti abundance variation in orán city (salta province), and determination of the date of mosquito population increase and an estimation of the date of maximum rate of increase as well as the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r), ... | 2011 | 20925528 |
| immunotoxicity activity of sesquiterpenoids from black galingale (kaempferia parviflora wall. ex. baker) against aedes aegypti l. | the roots of black galingale (kaempferia parviflora) were chloroform-extracted and the isolated two sesquiterpene and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the structures and stereochemistry of these compounds were established on the basis of analysis of spectra including uv, ms, (1)h-nmr, and (13)c-nmr as follows: 1 (4α-acetoxycadina-2,9-diene-1,8-dione), 2 (1α,3α,4β-trihydroxy-9-cadinen-8-one). compound 2 had a significant toxic effect against early fourth-stage larvae of aedes aegypti l. with ... | 2011 | 20925462 |
| a multiplex pcr-based molecular identification of five morphologically related, medically important subgenus stegomyia mosquitoes from the genus aedes (diptera: culicidae) found in the ryukyu archipelago, japan. | internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal dna were sequenced, and new species-specific primers were designed to simplify the molecular identification of five morphologically related subgenus stegomyia mosquito species--aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. riversi, ae. flavopictus, and ae. daitensis--found in the ryukyu archipelago, japan. each newly designed primer was able to amplify a species-specific fragment with a different size. conditions for multiplex pcr were optimized to identify ... | 2010 | 20858995 |
| characterization of insecticide resistance in trinidadian strains of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | bioassays and biochemical assays were conducted on eight trinidadian strains of aedes aegypti larvae to determine the involvement of biochemical mechanisms in resistance to insecticides. larval strains were assayed to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt), bendiocarb, temephos and permethrin, using the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) time-mortality bioassay method. a resistance threshold (rt) was calculated for each insecticide in relation to the carec reference susceptible ae. ... | 2011 | 20858454 |
| [prevalence of reactions secundary to mosquito bites aedes aegypti at en el regional center of allergy and clinical immunology, university hospital, de monterrey, nuevo leon]. | although systemic reactions resulting from hymenoptera stings have been studied extensively, the prevalence of allergic reactions to mosquitoes is unknown. | 2015 | 20857628 |
| repellence of essential oils of aromatic plants growing in argentina against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes are vectors of pathogens to humans and domestic animals and may also have economical impacts. one approach to prevent mosquito-borne diseases is bite deterrence through the application of repellents. currently, there is an interest to search for alternative bioactive products to the synthetic active ingredients most widely used in insect repellents. repellence against aedes aegypti of essential oils extracted from acantholippia salsoloides, aloysia catamarcensis, aloysia polystachya, ... | 2011 | 20838809 |
| effects of environmental conditions on the movement patterns of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) into and out of experimental huts in thailand. | mark-release-recapture experiments with aedes aegypti were performed using experimental huts equipped with entrance and exit traps to evaluate their movement patterns during a two-year period in thailand. results indicate no significant differences in the patterns of movement between the two years of observation. movement into the huts occurred during the early morning period (06:00-11:00) with a peak at 07:00 in the summer and rainy season and 09:00 in the winter. in contrast, the exit pattern ... | 2009 | 20836830 |
| contact irritancy and spatial repellency behaviors in anopheles albimanus wiedemann (diptera: culicidae) collected in orange walk, belize, c.a. | anopheles albimanus wiedemann is a vector of malaria in northern belize. previous studies have identified behavioral responses in this species when exposed to certain chemicals. we used a high throughput screening system to evaluate the contact irritant and spatial repellency responses exhibited by an. albimanus collected from orange walk, belize, central america. anopheles albimanus behavior was significantly altered by a number of key public health insecticides. significant irritant responses ... | 2009 | 20836827 |
| irritability and repellency of synthetic pyrethroids on an aedes aegypti population from thailand. | the main objective of this study was to find the optimal dosage of deltamethrin, cyphenothrin, d-tetramethrin, and tetramethrin that would elicit repellency and irritability responses of aedes aegypti. the f1-f3 generations of field mosquitoes collected from pu teuy village, sai-yok district, kanchanaburi province, thailand, were tested with four pyrethroids to determine the lc(25), lc(50), and lc(99). these concentrations were 0.010%, 0.020%, and 0.055%, respectively, for deltamethrin; 0.113%, ... | 2009 | 20836825 |
| [community-based survey on knowledge and perceptions about dengue and preventive practice in lisa municipality, city of havana province]. | the population's knowledge is important to develop participatory processes that support the reduction of aedes aegypti. | 2013 | 23437556 |
| [efficacy of indoor treatment with cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos for the regulation of aedes aegypti in the city of havana]. | in dengue outbreaks or epidemics, the chemical pesticides play a fundamental role to control disease-borne adult mosquitoes and to support the vector control program in cuba. | 2013 | 23437554 |
| [resistance to organophosphorus insecticides found in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from santiago de cuba, 1997-2009]. | resistance to organophosphorus insecticides was diagnosed in aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) from santiago de cuba in 1997 and some of them are still used up to date; hence the need of ascertaining how the insecticidal resistance has changed in recent times, particularly in 2009. | 2013 | 23437552 |
| [inhibitory effect of turpentine oil on aedes aegypti (diptera:culicidae) larvae growth]. | in the fight for environmental protection, finding out alternative ways to control vectors that are important from the medical viewpoint is a must. those plants having potent active principles and high chemical stability to act as pesticides can contribute to this end. | 2013 | 23437551 |
| immunotoxic sesquiterpene lactone from carpesium rosulatum miq. | the whole plants of carpesium rosulatum were chloroform extracted and the isolated sesquiterpene lactones and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the structures and stereochemistry of these compounds were established on the basis of analysis of spectra including mp, [α](d)(25), ir, uv, ei-ms, ms, (1)h-nmr, (13)c-nmr and some chemical transformations as follows: 1 (4β,10α-dihydroxy-guaia-8α,12-olide), 2 (4β,10α-dihydroxy-1(2),11 (13)-guaiadien -8α,12-olide), 3 (3β,8β-dihydroxy-1α,5α-guaian-10(14 ... | 2011 | 20738151 |
| larvicidal efficacy of seed oils of pterocarpus santalinoides and tropical manihot species against aedes aegypti and effects on aquatic fauna. | botanical larvicides have featured prominently as alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides which are less degradable and toxic to non-target organisms. the larvicidal potentials of the seed oils of pterocarpus santalinoides and tropical manihot species (tms 30572) were investigated in the laboratory against larvae of aedes aegypti. the seed oil of each plant was extracted using n-hexane and was graded into different concentrations; 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 ppm. the toxicity of each of the c ... | 2009 | 20734705 |
| [modern features of epidemiology and prophylaxis of yellow fever]. | at the beginning of 21 century endemic areas of yellow fever are in tropical forests of africa and south america, covering 43 countries of the around the world. in a period of 11 years 2005 citizens from 14 countries of africa and 871 citizens from 8 countries of south america were taken ill with of a yellow fever. on the both continentals were observed distinct, limited (no more than 40 people) ictuses of urban of a yellow fever related to mosquito aedes aegypti. still, the total mortality is h ... | 2010 | 20731094 |
| chemical composition and larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae of essential oils from four guarea species. | the essential oils of four guarea species collected at manaus (amazonas, brazil) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gc-ms. except for one diterpene detected, the compounds identified in the essential oils were hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. the major sesquiterpenes were alpha-santalene (26.26%) and alpha-copaene (14.61%) from g. convergens branches; caryophyllene epoxide (40.91%) and humulene epoxide ii (14.43%) from g. humaitensis branches; cis-caryophyllene (33.37% ... | 2010 | 20724962 |
| infectious diseases. yellow fever mosquito shows up in northern europe. | | 2010 | 20705820 |
| evaluation of bg-sentinel trap trapping efficacy for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in a visually competitive environment. | the bg-sentinel (bgs) trap uses visual and olfactory cues as well as convection currents to attract aedes aegypti (l.). the impact of the visual environment on trapping efficacy of the bgs trap for ae. aegypti was investigated. four- to 5-d nulliparous female and male ae. aegypti were released into a semicontrolled room to evaluate the effect of the presence, reflectance, and distribution of surrounding harborage sites on bgs trapping efficacy. low-reflective (dark) harborage sites near the bgs ... | 2010 | 20695282 |
| serotonin has kinin-like activity in stimulating secretion by malpighian tubules of the house cricket acheta domesticus. | serotonin stimulates secretion by malpighian tubules (mt) of a number of insects, and functions as a diuretic hormone in rhodnius prolixus and in larval aedes aegypti. serotonin is here shown to be a potent stimulant of secretion by mt of the house cricket, acheta domesticus, with an apparent ec(50) of 9.4 nmol l(-1), although its diuretic activity is just 25% of the maximum achievable with either the native crf-related peptide, achdo-dh, or a crude extract of the corpora cardiaca. in this respe ... | 2011 | 20688119 |
| structure-activity relationship studies on derivatives of eudesmanolides from inula helenium as toxicants against aedes aegypti larvae and adults. | an aedes aegypti larval toxicity bioassay was performed on compounds representing many classes of natural compounds including polyacetylenes, phytosterols, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, and triterpenoids. among these compounds, two eudesmanolides, alantolactone, and isoalantolactone showed larvicidal activities against ae. aegypti and, therefore, were chosen for further structure-activity relationship study. in this study, structural modifications were performed on both alantolactone and isoalan ... | 2010 | 20658657 |
| dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndromes. | to provide a comprehensive review of dengue, with an emphasis on clinical syndromes, classification, diagnosis, and management, and to outline relevant aspects of epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, and prevention strategies. dengue, a leading cause of childhood mortality in asia and south america, is the most rapidly spreading and important arboviral disease in the world and has a geographic distribution of > 100 countries. | 2011 | 20639791 |
| the development of predictive tools for pre-emptive dengue vector control: a study of aedes aegypti abundance and meteorological variables in north queensland, australia. | to describe the meteorological influences on adult dengue vector abundance in australia for the development of predictive models to trigger pre-emptive control operation. | 2010 | 20636303 |
| genetic relationships among populations of aedes aegypti from uruguay and northeastern argentina inferred from issr-pcr data. | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae), the main vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses, was eradicated from argentina between 1955 and 1963, but reinvaded the country in 1986. in uruguay, the species was reintroduced in 1997. in this study we used highly polymorphic inter-simple sequence repeats (issr) markers to analyse the genetic structure of ae. aegypti populations from uruguay and northeastern argentina to identify possible colonization patterns of the vector. overall genetic different ... | 2010 | 20626627 |
| evaluation of an oviposition-stimulating kairomone for the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, in recife, brazil. | a synthetic mixture of an oviposition-stimulating kairomone for the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, comprising of 83% tetradecanoic acid, 16% nonanoic acid and 1% tetradecanoic acid methyl ester (ntt, in short) was tested in a dengue endemic area in recife, brazil. gravid female mosquitoes confined to a cage under semi-field conditions deposited significantly higher numbers of eggs in traps baited with ntt at doses ranging from 0.6 to 600 ng/microl than in control (water) traps. when teste ... | 2010 | 20618668 |
| transcription analysis of differentially expressed genes in insecticide-resistant aedes aegypti mosquitoes after deltamethrin exposure. | aedes aegypti mosquitoes are resistant to various insecticides, including pyrethroids, throughout thailand. we previously reported that ae. aegypti from mae wong district, nakhon sawan province in north-central thailand, were resistant to insecticides, including pyrethroids (deltamethrin and permethrin), organophosphates and carbamates, and that high levels of detoxification enzymes were present. in the present study we used the method of suppression by subtractive hybridization to determine dif ... | 2010 | 20618667 |
| electronic mosquito repellers induce increased biting rates in aedes aegypti mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | studies have demonstrated that electronic mosquito repellers are useless and that some of them could even increase the attraction of mosquitoes. while testing some electronic repellers, we noted that they also promoted an increase in biting rates. the present work has evaluated three commercial devices and a computer program working on five different sound frequencies. in a test chamber, the number of aedes aegypti l. bite attempts was computed during four cycles of 3 min each by alternately tur ... | 2010 | 20618651 |
| effect of body size and sugar meals on oviposition of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the effects of dietary sugar and body size on the oviposition of ae. aegypti were studied under laboratory conditions. in female mosquitoes provided with sugar, the start of maximum fecundity was significantly delayed and the oviposition period was longer than in females provided with water. the peak of oviposition was also delayed in sugar-fed females. large females oviposited more eggs per day than small females at maximum fecundity and during eight days of observations. large females also vis ... | 2010 | 20618648 |
| [influence of plant matter and npk fertilizer on the biology of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae)]. | in this laboratory study, we investigated the attractiveness of gravid aedes aegypti females for aquatic habitats containing either npk fertilizer or plant matter or a mixture of both. the development of larvae, adult emergence and weight of emerged adults were measured for each group and physicochemical analysis of water was made for the dosage of minerals and organic compounds. after 23 days experiment, npk solution remained as attractive as the mixture of npk + plant matter but did not ensure ... | 2010 | 20597442 |
| composition and immunotoxicity activity of essential oils from leaves of zingiber officinale roscoe against aedes aegypti l. | the leaves of zingiber officinale roscoe were extracted and the major essential oil composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed that the essential oils of z. officinale leaves. the z. officinale essential oil yield was 0.26%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were camphene (5.26%), phellandrene (6.58%), zingiberene (36.48%), geranial (4.32%), β-gurjunene (2.74%), and citronello ... | 2011 | 20568951 |
| molecular identification of mosquito vectors using genomic dna isolated from eggshells, larval and pupal exuvium. | correct and precise identification of mosquito vectors is important in many respects including development of vector control strategies. conventional identification methods have limitations for sibling and closely related species of mosquitoes, stage and quality of the specimen used and this could be overcome by dna-based identification methods using molecular markers such as nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its) which do not demand intact or undamaged specimen. genomic dna is usua ... | 2010 | 20562813 |
| categorization of potential breeding sites of dengue vectors in johor, malaysia. | this cross-sectional study was to compare and categorize potential breeding sites of dengue vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus at three different places, namely, an urban (taman permas jaya, johor bahru, johor), a suburban (kg. melayu gelang patah, johor bahru, johor) and a rural (felda simpang waha, kota tinggi, johor) habitats in malaysia. larval surveys were conducted once in every two months at each habitat over a period of 11 months from august 2000 until june 2001. there was a sig ... | 2010 | 20562811 |
| residual insecticidal activity of long-lasting deltamethrin-treated curtains after 1 year of household use for dengue control. | to evaluate the residual insecticidal activity of the permanet(®) curtains on aedes aegypti after 1 year of use in thai households and to assess the influence of sun and dust exposure, washing practices and detergent use. | 2010 | 20561312 |
| larvicidal activity of para-benzoquinones. | plant products may be alternative sources of mosquito larval control agents, since they constitute a rich source of bioactive compounds that are biodegradable into nontoxic products. it has been reported that quinones and derivatives present toxic activity against mosquito larvae aedes aegypti. therefore, these facts led us to investigate the larvicidal potential of six structurally related para-benzoquinones against a. aegypti l. (culicidae) larvae, the vector of dengue fever. all the para-benz ... | 2010 | 20549237 |
| [bilateral optic neuritis after dengue viral infection: case report]. | dengue fever is a well known viral infection transmitted through the bite of an infected aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquito. its geographic distribution covers over 100 countries. clinical presentation is variable and depends upon the age and immunological status of the patient. it can be classified as asymptomatic illness, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic or dengue shock syndrome. ocular manifestations of dengue have been described, however there are few reports on neurological involve ... | 2012 | 20549049 |
| activities of natural methyl farnesoids on pupariation and metamorphosis of drosophila melanogaster. | methyl farnesoate (mf) and juvenile hormone (jh iii), which bind with high affinity to the receptors usp and met, respectively, and bisepoxy jh iii (bisjh iii) were assessed for several activities during drosophila larval development, and during prepupal development to eclosed adults. dietary mf and jh iii were similarly active, and more active than bisjh iii, in lengthening larval development prior to pupariation. however, the order of activity was changed (jh iii>bisjh iii>mf) with respect to ... | 2010 | 20541556 |
| beyond the 'back yard': lay knowledge about aedes aegypti in northern australia and its implications for policy and practice. | controlling dengue fever in australia and internationally, relies heavily upon the actions of residents as well as community education and awareness of the risks. although it has been well established in medical anthropology that the success of health interventions is highly dependent upon a clear grasp of lay knowledge of disease, limited attention has been given to lay understandings of dengue fever and its vectors in the extant literature. we begin addressing this hiatus through an examinatio ... | 2010 | 20540930 |
| critical aspects of yellow fever control in brazil. | this paper presents epidemiological and control characteristics of yellow fever in brazil, taking its wild and urban transmission cycles into consideration. no urban cases have been reported in brazil since 1942, but urban yellow fever cases were reported in paraguay in 2008, after more than 50 years without registered cases in the americas. the two main objectives of yellow fever control programs in brazil are to reduce the number of wild cases and to maintain zero incidence of urban cases. alt ... | 2010 | 20499010 |
| expression of aeahsp26 and aeahsp83 in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae and pupae in response to heat shock stress. | immature mosquito development and survival of adults are highly sensitive to environmental temperature, which can alter gene expression during the mosquito life-cycle. to further understand how heat shock proteins are developmentally expressed in mosquitoes, we subjected first instar larvae, 16-h old pupae and female of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) to heat shock treatment for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 180 min at 23 and 42 degrees c. the heat shock protein genes aeahsp26, aeahsp83, and aeahsc ... | 2010 | 20496584 |
| composition and immunotoxicity activity of essential oils from lindera obtusiloba blume against aedes aegypti l. | the leaves of lindera obtusiloba blume var. obtusiloba were extracted and the major essential oil composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed that the essential oils of l. obtusiloba. the l. obtusiloba essential oil yield was 4.23%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were α-copaene (31.42%), β-caryophyllene (32.11%), α-humulene (4.12%), β-farnesene (4.15%), α- cadinene (3.21%) a ... | 2011 | 20477554 |
| immunotoxicity activity of 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene from the paulownia coreana uyeki. against aedes aegypti l. | the flower parts of paulownia coreana were extracted and the major essential oils composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed that the essential oils of p. coreana. the p. coreana essential oil (pceo) yield was 0.175%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were benzyl alcohol (13.72%), phenol, 3,4-dimethoxy-methyl ester (3.64%), phenol, 2-methoxy-3-(2-popenyl)-methyl ester (6.24%), 1,2 ... | 2011 | 20476845 |
| immunotoxicity activity of the major essential oils of valeriana fauriei briq against aedes aegypti l. | the rhizomes and roots of valeriana fauriei were extracted and the major essential oil composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed that the essential oils of v. fauriei. the v. fauriei essential oil (vfeo) yield was 1.93%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were bornyl acetate (32.83%), terpinyl acetate (3.82%), bornyl isovalerate (2.11%), β-sesquiphellandrene (2.21%), sesquiterpene ... | 2011 | 20462349 |
| toxic effects on and structure-toxicity relationships of phenylpropanoids, terpenes, and related compounds in aedes aegypti larvae. | in the search for toxic compounds against aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) larvae, a collection of commercially available aromatic and aliphatic diversely substituted compounds were selected and evaluated. p-cymene exhibited the highest larvicidal potency lc₅₀ = 51 ppm, whereas 1,8-cineole exhibited the lowest activity value lc₅₀ = 1419 ppm. to aid future work on the search for larvicidal compounds, the structure-toxicity relationships of this collection have been evaluated. the presence of ... | 2010 | 20455777 |
| [factors associated to the aedes aegypti (dipthera: culicidae) presence in two cuban regions]. | despite the cuban government's efforts to exert control over the dengue vector aedes aegypti, this mosquito is still present in several municipalities of the city of havana and those of other provinces. | 2013 | 23431622 |
| [seasonal and time dynamics of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in cienfuegos municipality]. | dengue is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in las americas due, among other factors, to the increase of aedes aegypti populations. | 2013 | 23431620 |
| [presence of aedes aegypti in water tanks on the ground and the implications for dengue control in camagüey province]. | water tanks placed on the ground are an important drinking water container at home; however, aedes aegypti is very frequently colonizing this kind of reservoirs in an urban health area of camagüey province, cuba. | 2013 | 23431619 |
| comparative studies on aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus adult females trespassing commercial nets. | abstract. the abilities of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus females in trespassing 5 different commercial nets, 2 nets impregnated with deltamethrin or permethrin and 3 non-impregnated nets (guarany, perame, and ricca), were compared. the evaluating parameters were their percent trespassing success, the median trespassing time (tt50), and the relation between mosquito wing sizes and their trespassing success. some mosquito behavioral traits were also observed. the trespassing success, directly r ... | 2010 | 20402360 |
| community involvement in dengue vector control: cluster randomised trial. | to assess the effectiveness of an integrated community based environmental management strategy to control aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, compared with a routine strategy. design cluster randomised trial. setting guantanamo, cuba. participants 32 circumscriptions (around 2000 inhabitants each). interventions the circumscriptions were randomly allocated to control clusters (n=16) comprising routine aedes control programme (entomological surveillance, source reduction, selective adulticiding, ... | 2010 | 20387334 |
| induction of apoptosis in densovirus infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | the mechanism of death in densovirus infected mosquitoes remains unexplored. this study investigated the cellular consequences of densovirus infection in aedes aegypti mosquitoes after a second generation challenge with a densovirus isolated from adult aedes albopictus mosquitoes in thailand (athdnv). specimens were analyzed by tunel assay, fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) and a calorimic assay to detect activation of caspase 3-like activity. after challenge, moribund mosquitoes showed c ... | 2010 | 20382153 |
| mosquito biting behavior: statistical power and sources of variation in toxicity and repellent bioassays. | compounds thought to be effective against mosquitoes as either 'insecticides' or 'repellents' have recently been shown to contain properties of both, or possess other behavior-modifying actions. prompted in part by these reports, we conducted posterior analyses of our data to examine some interrelated statistical issues inherent in our bioassay system. using a modified k&d module, the responses of over 25,000 adult aedes aegypti (l.) females exposed to either alphacypermethrin or deet were compa ... | 2010 | 20380300 |
| structure-activity relationships of 33 carboxamides as toxicants against female aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti l. is the primary vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses, and use of aerosolized insecticides is one of the primary ways to control this medically important mosquito. however, few new insecticides have been developed for mosquito control in recent years. as a part of our effort to search for new insecticides to control mosquitoes, toxicities of 33 carboxamides were evaluated against female a. aegypti by topical application. this group included nine different categories of compou ... | 2010 | 20380297 |
| genetic variance and genotype-by-environment interaction of immune response in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | immune response can be negatively affected by resource limitation, so it is expected that organisms evolve strategies to minimize the impact of this environmental outcome. phenotypic plasticity in immune response could represent a genetic response to face such situations. we investigated the effects of high and low quality and quantity of food at the larval stage on two important immune components, phenoloxidase activity (po) and nitric oxide production (no) measured in adults of the dengue vect ... | 2010 | 20380290 |
| circadian control of permethrin-resistance in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | daily fluctuation of permethrin-resistance was found in adult mosquito aedes aegypti, the major vector of dengue viruses in taiwan. we hypothesized there is a relationship between resistance and the circadian clock. to test our hypothesis we correlated changes in the knock-down time (kt(50)) response to permethrin with the expression of the pyrethroid-resistant gene cyp9m9 and the clock gene period (per) during a 12:12h photoperiodic cycle. rhythmic expression of per peaked at early scotophase o ... | 2010 | 20361972 |
| [resurgence of yellow fever epidemics in côte-d'ivoire]. | resurgence of yellow fever epidemics in côted'ivoire remains a major problem of public health. to describe this disease through the early alarm system of national institute of public hygiene (niph) is convenient to us. this is a cross-sectional study with descriptive aiming, which proceeded with epidemiological surveillance service of niph. the data were collected over 7 years (from 2001 to 2007), starting from the cards of notification, reports, and registers of the service. the main findings o ... | 2010 | 20349218 |
| bioactivity-guided isolation of mosquitocidal constituents from the rhizomes of plumbago capensis thunb. | a bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical examination of chloroform extract of plumbago capensis roots resulted in isolation and characterization of two new napthaquinone derivatives (4, 8) along with six known compounds (1-3, 5-7). their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (ir, ms, 1d and 2d nmr) data analysis and by comparison with the literature data. all the compounds were tested for their mosquito larvicidal activity against fourth instar larvae of aedes ae ... | 2010 | 20347303 |
| larvicidal efficacy of ficus benghalensis l. plant leaf extracts against culex quinquefasciatus say, aedes aegypti l. and anopheles stephensi l. (diptera: culicidae). | to investigate the larvicidal efficacy of different extracts of ficus benghalensis l. against culex quinquefasciatus say, aedes aegypti l. and anopheles stephensi l. (diptera: culicidae). | 2010 | 20329569 |
| laboratory bioefficacy of nine commercial formulations of temephos against larvae of aedes aegypti (l.), aedes albopictus skuse and culex quinquefasciatus say. | the bioefficacy of nine commercial formulations of temephos against aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus larvae were evaluated in the laboratory. who larval bioassay with operational dosage of temephos at 1 mg/l was performed. the larval mortality was recorded every 5 minutes until complete mortality was achieved. all formulations of temephos exhibited various toxicity level against ae. aegypti, ae. albopictus and cx. quinquefasciatus. generally, larvae of cx. quinquefascia ... | 2009 | 20237452 |
| no evidence for successful interspecific cross-mating of transgenic aedes aegypti (l.) and wild type aedes albopictus skuse. | the natural and artificial mating of laboratory bred aedes albopictus and transgenic aedes aegypti ridl-513a-malaysian strain was conducted. the experiment consisted of crossmating of homologous ae. aegypti ridl female symbol x ae. aegypti ridl male symbol and reciprocal ae. aegypti ridl female symbol x ae. albopictus wt male symbol. the other set comprised homologous ae. albopictus wt female symbol x ae. albopictus wt male symbol and reciprocal ae. albopictus wt female symbol x ae. aegypti ridl ... | 2009 | 20237445 |
| immunotoxicity activity of 2,6,10,15-tetrame-heptadecane from the essential oils of clerodendron trichotomum thunb. against aedes aegypti l. | the leaf parts of clerodendron trichotomum were extracted and the major essential oils composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed that the essential oils of c. trichotomum (cteo). the cteo yield was 0.071%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were hexanal (3.31%), 5-me-3-heptanone (1.71%), 2,6,6-trime-cyclohexanone (2.23%), 2,6,10,15-tetrame-heptadecane (24.21%) and linalool (31.2%) ... | 2010 | 20233126 |
| [community participation in dengue control: an analysis of the sensitivity of municipal health plans in the state of são paulo, brazil]. | community participation in activities to combat the aedes aegypti mosquito has been identified as one of the key thrusts in dengue control programs. this study aimed to verify the extent to which local health plans include community participation in dengue control activities in municipalities in the state of são paulo, brazil. the municipal health plans were analyzed used a reading script covering their main sections: (i) introduction and analysis of the health situations, (ii) objectives and ta ... | 2009 | 20191159 |
| the diel oviposition periodicity of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) in trinidad, west indies: effects of forced egg retention. | the diel oviposition periodicity of two groups of aedes aegypti females (trinidad strain), (i) thoses allowed access to oviposition sites and (ii) females forced to retain-eggs for four days, were studied under laboratory conditions using one female per cage and monitoring by changing substrates every two hours. the individual females which were allowed access to oviposition sites showed peak oviposition between 16.00-18.00 h (50% of eggs), whereas individuals forced to retain eggs for four days ... | 2010 | 20178673 |
| immunotoxicity activity of the major essential oil of filipendula glaberrima against aedes aegypti l. | the aerial parts of filipendula glaberrima were extracted and the composition and immunotoxicity effects of major essential oils were studied. the analyses conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed the essential oils of f. glaberrima. the f. glaberrima essential oil (fgeo) yield was 0.046%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were β-farnesol (2.96%), l-α-terpineol (2.43%), benzenemethanol (2.87%), (z)-3-hexen-1-ol (5.23%), and 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ... | 2010 | 20175741 |
| effects of immunotoxic activity of the major essential oil of angelica purpuraefolia chung against aedes aegypti l. | the rhizomes parts of angelica purpuraefolia were extracted and the major essential oils composition and immunotoxic effects were studied. the analyses were conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) revealed that the essential oils of a. purpuraefolia. the a. purpuraefolia essential oil (apeo) yield was 0.37%, and gc/ms analysis revealed that its major constituents were β-phellandrene (32.11%), nerolidol (10.11%), pyrimidine derivative (27.33%), heptadecane (4.33%), and celor ... | 2010 | 20163192 |
| influence of blood meal on the responsiveness of olfactory receptor neurons in antennal sensilla trichodea of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | in female aedes aegypti l. mosquitoes, a blood meal induces physiological and behavioral changes. previous studies have shown that olfactory receptor neurons (orns) housed in grooved peg sensilla on the antennae of ae. aegypti down-regulate their sensitivity to lactic acid, a key component driving host-seeking behavior, which correlates with observed changes in the host-seeking behavior of this species. in the present study, we performed electrophysiological recordings from the most abundant ant ... | 2010 | 20153749 |
| distinct melanization pathways in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | serine protease cascades are involved in blood coagulation and immunity. in arthropods, they regulate melanization, which plays an important role in immune defense and wound healing. however, the mechanisms underlying melanization pathways are not completely characterized. we found that in the mosquito aedes aegypti, there are two distinct melanization activation pathways carried out by different modules of serine proteases and their specific inhibitors serpins. immune melanization proteases (im ... | 2010 | 20152169 |
| larvicidal activity of the extracts from different parts of the plant solanum xanthocarpum against important mosquito vectors in the arid region. | larvicidal efficacy of the aqueous and methanol extracts from green unripe and yellow ripe fruits, seeds, leaves and roots of the plant solanum xanthocarpum was evaluated against anopheles culicifacies, anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus, the important mosquito vectors prevalent in the arid region. studies were carried out on late 3rd orearly 4th instarlarvae of these species using standard who technique. based on concentration mortality data lc50 and lc90 values along ... | 2009 | 20121022 |
| [larval density as related to life cycle, size and fecundity of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) in laboratory]. | we focused on the evaluation of the influence that the larval density have on the life cycle, size and fecundity of aedes aegypti (l.). the bioassays were conducted at 26 + or - 2 degrees celsius and at 12h light. five larval densities (200, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 larvae/l) and two feeding systems (one with a fixed amount of 100 mg of food, and other with an amount of food proportional to the number of larvae/tray) were tested. egg and larval development time and survivorship, sex ratio, longev ... | 2010 | 20098933 |
| [assessing the insecticide resistance of an aedes aegypti strain in el salvador]. | to assess the level of insecticide susceptibility of a certain aedes aegypti strain found in el salvador and to explain the mechanisms for its resistance to temephos. | 2009 | 20058833 |
| transcription profiling of eleven cytochrome p450s potentially involved in xenobiotic metabolism in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | transcription profiles of 11 aedes aegypti p450 genes from cyp6 and cyp9 subfamilies potentially involved in xenobiotic metabolism were investigated. many genes were preferentially transcribed in tissues classically involved in xenobiotic metabolism including midgut and malpighian tubules. life-stage transcription profiling revealed important variations amongst larvae, pupae, and adult males and females. exposure of mosquito larvae to sub-lethal doses of three xenobiotics induced the transcripti ... | 2010 | 20041961 |
| [season and weather-dependent behavior of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes in sancti spiritus in the period 1999-2007]. | aedes aegypti is the main dengue and hemorrhagic dengue vector and its widespread behavior responds to a number of factors, among them, the climatic ones. | 2013 | 23431630 |
| identification of juvenile hormone target genes in the adult female mosquitoes. | many aspects of reproductive maturation in newly emerged adult female mosquitoes are controlled by juvenile hormone (jh). however, the molecular basis of this hormonal regulation remains poorly understood. in this study, we analyzed transcriptome changes in young female adults after topical application of exogenous jh. mrna levels of 16 and 72 genes were enhanced at 3 h and 12 h after hormone administration, respectively. the observed upregulations can be also induced by the jh analogues, methop ... | 2010 | 20018242 |
| a new algorithm for segmenting and counting aedes aegypti eggs in ovitraps. | dengue fever has become a major international public health concern in recent decades. as dengue fever not have available vaccine or specific treatment, the only known form to prevent the illness is by applying strategies to control its vector, the aedes aegypti mosquito. ovitraps, special traps to collect mosquito eggs, are used to detect aedes aegypti presence and to approximate the gauge of the adult mosquitoes population in the environment by counting the number of eggs laid in an trap. this ... | 2009 | 19964446 |
| mitochondrial gene cytochrome b developmental and environmental expression in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | cytochrome b, coded by mitochondrial dna, is one of the cytochromes involved in electron transport in the respiratory chain of mitochondria. cytochrome b is a critical intermediate in a mitochondrial death pathway. to reveal whether cytochrome b of the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) (aeacytb) is developmentally regulated, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) to examine aeacytb gene expression levels in different developmental stages of ae. aegypti. th ... | 2009 | 19960681 |