| prevalence of acanthamoeba spp. (sarcomastigophora: acanthamoebidae) in wild populations of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | studies of interrelationship between microorganisms and mosquitoes are of great importance, since it can provide support for better understand related to biology, development and their control. in this way, it is known that mosquito larvae and free-living amoebae (fla) normally occupy similar aquatic microhabitats. however, few studies have been conducted about such coexistence. for that reason, the objective of the present study was to verify the prevalence of acanthamoeba spp. in wild populati ... | 2012 | 22828934 |
| adulticidal and repellent properties of cassia tora linn. (family: caesalpinaceae) against culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti, and anopheles stephensi. | mosquitoes have developed resistance to various synthetic insecticides, making its control increasingly difficult. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the adulticidal and repellent activities of crude hexane, chloroform, benzene, acetone, and methanol extracts of the leaf of cassia tora were assayed for their toxicity against three important vector mosquitoes, viz., culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti, and anopheles stephensi. ... | 2012 | 22821231 |
| aedescapa-pvk-1 displays diuretic and dose dependent antidiuretic potential in the larval mosquito aedes aegypti (liverpool). | this study reveals that aedescapa-pvk-1 (gptvglfafprv-nh(2)) inhibits basal and serotonin stimulated fluid secretion in the malpighian tubules of larval aedes aegypti at femtomolar concentrations. conversely 10(-4)moll(-1) of the peptide stimulated fluid secretion rates. the diuretic effects of 10(-4)moll(-1)aedescapa-pvk-1 and antidiuretic effects of 10(-15)moll(-1)aedescapa-pvk-1 were abolished by protein kinase a (pka) and protein kinase g (pkg) inhibition, respectively. similar to the peptid ... | 2012 | 22820035 |
| electroantennogram, flight orientation and oviposition responses of anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti to a fatty acid ester-propyl octadecanoate. | studies were carried out to evaluate the role of a c(21)-fatty acid ester; propyl octadecanoate (po) for olfaction-mediated behavioral responses of urban malaria vector, anopheles stephensi and dengue vector, aedes aegypti mosquitoes using electroantennogram (eag), flight orientation and oviposition experiments. dose dependent electrophysiological responses were recorded for po from the antenna of both mosquito species in which 10(-5) g elicited significant eag response. an. stephensi exhibited ... | 2012 | 22750483 |
| larvicidal activity of morinda citrifolia l. (noni) (family: rubiaceae) leaf extract against anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti. | morinda citrifolia leaf extract was tested for larvicidal activity against three medically important mosquito vectors such as malarial vector anopheles stephensi, dengue vector aedes aegypti, and filarial vector culex quinquefasciatus. the plant material was shade dried at room temperature and powdered coarsely. from the leaf, 1-kg powder was macerated with 3.0 l of hexane, chloroform, acetone, methanol, and water sequentially for a period of 72 h each and filtered. the yield of extracts was hex ... | 2012 | 22740293 |
| larvicidal activity of a toxin from the seeds of jatropha curcas linn. against aedes aegypti linn. and culex quinquefasciatus say. | the larvicidal effects of the crude protein extract and purified toxin, jc-scrip, from the seed coat of jatropha curcas linn. against the third instar larvae of mosquitoes, aedes aegypti linn. and culex quinquefasciatus say, were investigated. this test compared the effects of the purified toxin with crude protein extracts from seed kernels of j. curcas and ricinus communis. at various concentrations of purified toxin and crude protein extract, the larval mortality of both ae. aegypti and cx. qu ... | 2012 | 22735851 |
| evaluation of certain insecticides on nettings for their efficacy and wash resistance against mosquito species. | five insecticides (bifenthrin, deltamethrin, etofenprox, permethrin and lamda cyhalothrin) recommended by who, at their recommended dose were compared for their efficacy and wash resistance through bioassay against mosquito vectors, culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. etofenprox treated nettings exhibited better knockdown and mortality than the other insecticides. the order of efficacy of the insecticides treated nettings was etofenprox > or = deltamethrin > lambda cyh ... | 2012 | 22734256 |
| how does juvenile hormone control insect metamorphosis and reproduction? | in insects juvenile hormone (jh) regulates both metamorphosis and reproduction. this lecture focuses on our current understanding of jh action at the molecular level in both of these processes based primarily on studies in the tobacco hornworm manduca sexta, the flour beetle tribolium castaneum, the mosquito aedes aegypti, and the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster. the roles of the jh receptor complex and the transcription factors that it regulates during larval molting and metamorphosis are sum ... | 2012 | 22728566 |
| characterization and expression of superoxide dismutase genes in chironomus riparius (diptera, chironomidae) larvae as a potential biomarker of ecotoxicity. | superoxide dismutase (sod, ec 1.15.1.1) is an enzyme involved in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ros) into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. in this study, a copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (cu-znsod) gene and a manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod) gene in aquatic midge, chironomus riparius (crsods) was identified using an expressed sequence tag (est) database generated by 454 pyrosequencing. a multiple sequence alignment of c. riparius sequences revealed high homology with o ... | 2012 | 22710426 |
| efficacy of dinotefuran, permethrin and pyriproxyfen combination spot-on against aedes aegypti mosquitoes on dogs. | a spot-on formulation combining permethrin, dinotefuran and pyriproxyfen (vectra 3d™ spot-on solution for dogs - one 10-25 kg pipette contains 196 mg dinotefuran, 1429 mg permethrin and 17 mg pyriproxyfen) was evaluated in adult beagle dogs in a study designed to measure its efficacy to control aedes aegypti (anti-feeding effect and mortality effect). the trial was performed according to animal welfare and good clinical practice. twelve dogs (five males and seven female, >3 years old, weighing 8 ... | 2012 | 22709947 |
| modeling the transmission dynamics of dengue fever: implications of temperature effects. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the transmission dynamic modeling of dengue fever in subtropical taiwan by the contributing temperature-dependent entomological parameters of aedes aegypti. a vector-host transmission model was used to explore the temperature variation of pre-adult mosquito maturation, oviposition rate, adult mosquito death rate, and virus incubation rate in the mosquito. sensitivity analysis, by transmissible biting rate and the initial mosquito population, was adapt ... | 2012 | 22705874 |
| mating compatibility and competitiveness of transgenic and wild type aedes aegypti (l.) under contained semi-field conditions. | we conducted the world's first experiments under semi-field conditions (acl-2 field house) to assess the mating competitiveness of genetically sterile ridl male mosquitoes (513a strain). the field house is a state-of-the-art, fully-contained trial facility, simulating the living space for a household of 2-4 people in peninsular malaysia. ten genetically sterile ridl male a. aegypti mosquitoes competed with ten wild type males inside this field house to mate with ten wild type females. hatched la ... | 2013 | 22700207 |
| aquaporin homologs and water transport in the anal papillae of the larval mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the hemolymph osmolarity of the freshwater mosquito larvae (aedes aegypti) is greater than that of their habitat. to combat the influx of water, larvae cycle water entering through the gut and anal papillae to the malpighian tubules for secretion. the presence of aquaporins (aqps, water channels) may facilitate the movement of water across these tissues. tissue distribution of mrna transcripts of putative aquaporins from mosquito larvae, using quantitative pcr, revealed expression of transcripts ... | 2012 | 22699998 |
| insecticidal activity against aedes aegypti of m-pentadecadienyl-phenol isolated from myracrodruon urundeuva seeds. | myracrodruon urundeuva fr. allemao is a common tree in the caatinga that has been widely used for various medical purposes. previous studies showed that the ethanol seed extract of m. urundeuva has potent activity against the larval stage of the dengue vector aedes aegypti. given this potential insecticidal activity, bioguided separation steps were performed in order to isolate the active compound(s). | 2012 | 22689540 |
| cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase activity of aedes aegypti aspartate 1-decarboxylase: the structural basis of its substrate selectivity. | insect aspartate 1-decarboxylase (adc) catalyzes the decarboxylation of aspartate to β-alanine. insect adc proteins share high sequence identity to mammalian cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (csadc), but there have been no reports indicating any csadc activity in insect adc or any adc activity in mammalian csadc. substrate screening of aedes aegypti adc (aeadc), however, demonstrates that other than its activity to aspartate, the mosquito enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of cysteine sulf ... | 2012 | 22685715 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the circadian clock genes period and timeless in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | the genes period (per) and timeless (tim) are core components of the circadian clock that regulates a wide range of rhythmic biochemical, physiological, and behavioral processes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. we used degenerate polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) to clone and sequence the entire cdnas of both the per and tim genes in aedes albopictus (skuse). we also used the 5' end of the ae. albopictus per cdna to identify previously unannotated sequence ... | 2012 | 22679889 |
| processes affecting aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) infestation and abundance: inference through statistical modeling and risk maps in northern argentina. | understanding the processes that affect aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) may serve as a starting point to create and/or improve vector control strategies. for this purpose, we performed statistical modeling of three entomological surveys conducted in clorinda city, northern argentina. previous 'basic' models of presence or absence of larvae and/or pupae (infestation) and the number of pupae in infested containers (productivity), mainly based on physical characteristics of containers, were ... | 2012 | 22679882 |
| effects of glucam p-20, vanillin, and fixolide on mosquito repellency of citronella oil lotions. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of three fragrance fixatives, glucam p-20, vanillin, and fixolide, on the mosquito repellent property of citronella oil lotions. in the current study, two formulae (a and b) of oil-in-water citronella oil lotions were formulated using different ingredients (emulsifiers [cremophors or emulwax], stiffening agents, and emollients). citronella oil was used at 10% wt:wt. the weight ratios tested between citronella oil and each fixative were 1 ... | 2012 | 22679876 |
| impacts of wolbachia infection on predator prey relationships: evaluating survival and horizontal transfer between wmelpop infected aedes aegypti and its predators. | the wmelpop strain of wolbachia is currently being investigated for its potential use as a biological control agent to reduce the ability of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes to transmit dengue viruses. the survival of a potential wmelpop infected ae. aegypti strain for field release is important as a higher susceptibility to predation in the wmelpop strain could result in difficulties in achieving fixation. we investigated immature and adult survival as a function of susceptibility to predation by ... | 2012 | 22679870 |
| the synergistic effects of insecticidal essential oils and piperonyl butoxide on biotransformational enzyme activities in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the biochemical mechanisms underlying the increased toxicity of several plant essential oils (thymol, eugenol, pulegone, terpineol, and citronellal) against fourth instar of aedes aegypti l. when exposed simultaneously with piperonyl butoxide (pbo) were examined. whole body biotransformational enzyme activities including cytochrome p450-mediated oxidation (ethoxyresorufin o-dethylase [erod]), glutathione s-transferase (gst), and beta-esterase activity were measured in control, essential oil-expo ... | 2012 | 22679869 |
| identification and quantitative analysis of genes encoding odorant binding proteins in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | odorant binding proteins (obps) play a critical role in mediating mosquito behaviors. in the current study, four aealobp genes were cloned and sequenced. basic local alignment search tool program and phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences identified a unique putative ortholog in aedes aegypti (l.) for each aedes albopictus (skuse) obp. quantitative analysis showed some aealobps with a strong female/male expression ratio, which we proposed to be involved in the host seeking of ... | 2012 | 22679864 |
| structure-activity relationships of eugenol derivatives against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | dengue fever is a severe public health problem for several countries. in order to find effective larvicides to aid control programs, the structure-activity relationships of eugenol derivatives against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae were evaluated. additionally, the composition and larvicidal activity of syzygium aromaticum essential oil was assessed. | 2012 | 22674880 |
| using recombinant dna technology for the development of live-attenuated dengue vaccines. | dramatic increases in dengue (den) incidence and disease severity have been reported, in great part due to the geographic expansion of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. one result is the expanded co-circulation of all dengue 1-4 serotype viruses (denv) in urban areas worldwide, especially in south and south-east asia, and south america. den disease severity ranges from asymptomatic infections to febrile dengue fevers (df) to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) and dengue ... | 2012 | 22664189 |
| aedes mosquito in aswan governorate, egypt. | mosquitoes play the most serious role in transmission of many zoonotic diseases over the world, particularly in the tropic and sub-tropic countries. this paper surveyed aswan governorate for the immature and matures stages of the tiger mosquito, aedes aegypti. | 2012 | 22662612 |
| combined effect of biopesticides on the digestive enzymatic profiles of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | this study evaluated efficiency of two bacterial mosquito larvicides and a plant extract one against aedes aegypti larvae when used in combinations with each other under laboratory conditions, is an integrated method of control. plant extracts, especially botanical insecticides, are currently studied more and more because of the possibility of their use in plant protection. many of the natural plant compounds and organic compounds used in the control of insect pests are known to affect digestive ... | 2012 | 22662595 |
| aedes aegypti (linnaeus) re-emerging in southern egypt. | aedes aegypti is one of the demonstrated vector-borne diseases worldwide particularly in the sub-sahara of africa. its re-emergence in the egyptian southern border (aswan) and now in toshka is an integration mark. ae. aegypti medical importance, epidemiological implications, ecological behaviors and control measures were discussed. | 2012 | 22662594 |
| assessing the risk for dengue fever based on socioeconomic and environmental variables in a geographical information system environment. | an important option in preventing the spread of dengue fever (df) is to control and monitor its vector (aedes aegypti) as well as to locate and destroy suitable mosquito breeding environments. the aim of the present study was to use a combination of environmental and socioeconomic variables to model areas at risk of df. these variables include clinically confirmed df cases, mosquito counts, population density in inhabited areas, total populations per district, water access, neighbourhood quality ... | 2012 | 22639119 |
| evaluation of the insect growth regulator lufenuron (match®) for control of aedes aegypti by simulated field trials. | the insect growth regulator, lufenuron, at concentrations of even multiples of lc(90) (determined under laboratory conditions) was tested against the iii instar larvae of aedes aegypti under simulated field conditions. for all concentrations tested, 100 % mortality of the larvae was observed within 24 h of exposure to lufenuron-treated water. in experiments with lc(90) × 4 lufenuron concentration and where 15 % of water volume was replaced daily, percent mortality of the larvae was reduced to 40 ... | 2012 | 22638920 |
| larvicidal activity of ajowan ( trachyspermum ammi ) and peru balsam ( myroxylon pereira ) oils and blends of their constituents against mosquito, aedes aegypti , acute toxicity on water flea, daphnia magna , and aqueous residue. | this study evaluated the larvicidal activity of 20 plant essential oils and components from ajowan ( trachyspermum ammi ) and peru balsam ( myroxylon pereira ) oils against the mosquito, aedes aegypti . of the 20 plant essential oils, ajowan and peru balsam oils at 0.1 mg/ml exhibited 100 and 97.5% larval mortality, respectively. at this same concentration, the individual constituents, (+)-camphene, benzoic acid, thymol, carvacrol, benzyl benzonate, and benzyl trans-cinnamate, caused 100% mortal ... | 2012 | 22620984 |
| impact of road networks on the distribution of dengue fever cases in trinidad, west indies. | this study examined the impact of road networks on the distribution of dengue fever cases in trinidad, west indies. all confirmed cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) observed during 1998 were georeferenced and spatially located on a road map of trinidad using geographic information systems software. a new digital geographic layer representing these cases was created and the distances from these cases to the nearest classified road category (5 classifications based on a functional utility sys ... | 2012 | 22609547 |
| polarotaxis in egg-laying yellow fever mosquitoes aedes (stegomyia) aegypti is masked due to infochemicals. | aquatic and water-associated insects need to locate suitable bodies of water to lay their eggs in and allow their aquatic larvae to develop. more than 300 species are known to solve this task by positive polarotaxis, relying primarily on the horizontally polarized light reflected from the water surface. the yellow fever mosquito aedes (stegomyia) aegypti has been thought to be an exception, locating its breeding habitats by chemical cues like odour of conspecifics, their eggs, or water vapour. w ... | 2012 | 22609419 |
| silica nanoparticle: a potential new insecticide for mosquito vector control. | presently, there is a need for increased efforts to develop newer and effective methods to control mosquito vectors as the existing chemical and biological methods are not as effective as in earlier period owing to different technical and operational reasons. the use of nanomaterial products in various sectors of science including health increased during the last decade. we tested three types of nanosilica, namely lipophilic, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, to assess their larvicidal, pupicidal and ... | 2012 | 22565400 |
| larvicidal activity of pectolinaringenin from clerodendrum phlomidis l. against culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | larvicidal activity of 12 fractions and a compound of chloroform extract of clerodendrum phlomidis l. (lamiaceae) was assayed for their toxicity against the early fourth-instar larvae of the filarial vector culex quinquefasciatus say and dengue vector aedes aegypti l. the fractions were tested at 100-, 50-, 25- and 12.5-ppm concentrations. the compound pectolinaringenin was tested at 5-, 2.5-, 1.0- and 0.5-ppm concentrations. among the different fractions, fraction 5 recorded the lowest lc(50) a ... | 2012 | 22562213 |
| oviposition and flight orientation response of aedes aegypti to certain aromatic aryl hydrazono esters. | aedes aegypti is a day-biting, highly anthropophilic mosquito and a potential vector of dengue and chikungunya in india. a. aegypti is a container breeder, generally oviposit in the stored and fresh water bodies, and discarded containers near residential areas that provide suitable habitats for oviposition by gravid females. the diurnal activity and endophilic nature of these mosquitoes have increased the frequency of contact with human being. assured blood meal from human host in an infested ar ... | 2012 | 22552771 |
| combining two teaching techniques for young children on aedes aegypti control: effects on entomological indices in western mexico. | a study of the effect of educating four- to six-year-old children in mosquito control was recently conducted in a city in the state of jalisco, western mexico. four neighborhood districts were selected. children attending one kindergarten in each of two experimental districts were taught mosquito control with a video from the american mosquito control association (amca), joined to the use of the amca touch table technique. the entomological indices monitored in the study decreased significantly ... | 2012 | 22548559 |
| the influence of larval density, food stress, and parasitism on the bionomics of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): implications for integrated vector management. | new larval control strategies for integrated vector management of aedes aegypti are in high demand, including the use of biological control agents. exposure of aedes aegypti to parasites, starvation, and overcrowded conditions during larval development reduces the probability of survival to eclosion, can directly affect fitness parameters such as adult size and fecundity, and can affect the size, provisioning, and viability of eggs produced by females. we compared these parameters after exposing ... | 2012 | 22548557 |
| spatial and temporal dynamics of aedes aegypti larval sites in bello, colombia. | counts of immature stages of the mosquito aedes aegypti have been used to calculate several entomological indices of dengue vector abundance. some studies have concluded that these indices can be used as indicators of dengue epidemic risk, while other studies have failed to find a predictive relationship. ecological niche models have been able to predict distributional patterns in space and time, not only of vectors, but also of the diseases that they transmit. in this study, we used landsat 7 e ... | 2012 | 22548535 |
| evaluation of a peridomestic mosquito trap for integration into an aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) push-pull control strategy. | we determined the feasibility of using the bg-sentinel™ mosquito trap (bgs) as the pull component in a push-pull strategy to reduce indoor biting by aedes aegypti. this included evaluating varying numbers of traps (1-4) and mosquito release numbers (10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250) on recapture rates under screen house conditions. based on these variations in trap and mosquito numbers, release intervals were rotated through a completely randomized design with environmental factors (temperatur ... | 2012 | 22548532 |
| a novel mosquito feeding system for routine blood-feeding of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | a novel mosquito feeding system for routine blood-feeding of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus was developed and evaluated. the system consisted of a collagen membrane casing filled with specific pathogen free (spf) mini-pig blood, which is warmed by a simple in-house designed heating device. blood feeding rate, fecundity, survival rate and hatchability of ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus colonies maintained by the feeding system were compared with those raised by conventional guinea pig feeding ... | 2012 | 22543617 |
| the effects of herbal essential oils on the oviposition-deterrent and ovicidal activities of aedes aegypti (linn.), anopheles dirus (peyton and harrison) and culex quinquefasciatus (say). | the effect of oviposition-deterrent and ovicidal of seven essential oils were evaluated towards three mosquito vectors, aedes aegypti, anopheles dirus and culex quinquefasciatus. the oviposition activity index (oai) values of six essential oils namely cananga odorata, cymbopogon citratus, cymbopogon nardus, eucalyptus citriodora, ocimum basilicum and syzygium aromaticum indicated that there were more deterrent than the control whereas citrus sinensis oil acted as oviposition attractant. at highe ... | 2012 | 22543614 |
| rupatadine 10 mg in the treatment of immediate mosquito-bite allergy. | people frequently experience wealing and delayed papules from mosquito bites. wealing is mediated by antisaliva ige antibodies and histamine. rupatadine is a new antihistamine effective in allergic rhinitis and urticaria, but the effect on mosquito-bite allergy is not known. | 2012 | 22541046 |
| [detection of aedes (stegomyia) albopictus skus. mosquitoes in the russian federation]. | aedes (stegomyia) albopictus skus. mosquitoes were for the first time collected in the bolshoi sochi region in the russian federetion. 16 females and 1 male were morphologically and genetically identified as ae. albopictus and aedes aegypti, respectively. | 2012 | 22536729 |
| variation in aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera, culicidae) infestation in artificial containers in caxias, state of maranhão, brazil. | dengue is a serious public health problem worldwide, with cases reported annually in tropical and subtropical regions. aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762), the main vector of dengue, is a domiciliary species with high dispersal and survival capacities and can use various artificial containers as breeding sites. we assessed potential container breeding sites of a. aegypti in the municipality of caxias, maranhão, brazil. | 2012 | 22534987 |
| selection of oviposition sites by female aedes aegypti exposed to two larvicides. | the selection of oviposition sites by female mosquitoes involves the ability to choose less dangerous larval habitats. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ovipositional behavior of female aedes aegypti in selecting sites treated with 2 different larvicides. the study was conducted in metal cages with plastic cups containing paper strips and either spinosad or temephos, or dechlorinated water (control). after exposing all treated and control cups to ovipositing female mosquitoes for ... | 2012 | 22533085 |
| discriminating lethal concentrations and efficacy of six pyrethroids for control of aedes aegypti in thailand. | establishing baseline insecticide discriminating doses is crucial in accurately determining susceptibility status and changing temporal patterns of physiological response in mosquito populations. pyrethroids are the predominant chemicals used for controlling adult aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus, both vectors of dengue viruses, in thailand. presently, only 2 pyrethroids, permethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, have published diagnostic dose rates for monitoring ae. aegypti. this study established th ... | 2012 | 22533081 |
| synergistic insecticidal and repellent effects of combined pyrethroid and repellent-impregnated bed nets using a novel long-lasting polymer-coating multi-layer technique. | new and improved strategies for malaria control and prevention are urgently needed. as a contribution to an optimized personal protection strategy, a novel long-lasting insecticide and repellent-treated net (llirn) has been designed by binding combinations of permethrin plus n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet), or insect repellent 3535 (ir3535), and etofenprox plus deet, onto fibres of bed net fabric employing a new multi-layer polymer-coating technique. protective repellent efficacy, toxicological e ... | 2012 | 22526285 |
| genetic structure and phylogeography of aedes aegypti, the dengue and yellow-fever mosquito vector in bolivia. | between the 16th and 18th centuries, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), a mosquito native to africa, invaded the americas, where it was successively responsible for the emergence of yellow fever (yf) and dengue (den). the species was eradicated from numerous american countries in the mid-20th century, but re-invaded them in the 1970s and 1980s. little is known about the precise identities of ae. aegypti populations which successively thrived in south america, or their relation with the epidemio ... | 2012 | 22522103 |
| first record of anopheles albimanus from st kitts. | previous mosquito surveys performed in the federation of st kitts and nevis identified anopheles albimanus in nevis but there is no recorded occurrence of this mosquito in st kitts. to determine the presence of this and other species in st kitts and nevis, a mosquito survey was conducted. | 2011 | 22519234 |
| the efficacy of a chitin synthesis inhibitor against field populations of organophosphate-resistant aedes aegypti in brazil. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is the main focus of dengue control campaigns. because of widespread resistance against conventional chemical insecticides, chitin synthesis inhibitors (csis) are considered control alternatives. we evaluated the resistance status of four brazilian ae. aegypti populations to both the organophosphate temephos and the pyrethroid deltamethrin, which are used in brazil to control larvae and adults, respectively. all vector populations exhibited high levels of temephos resi ... | 2012 | 22510835 |
| field optimisation of mosquitrap sampling for monitoring aedes aegypti linnaeus (diptera: culicidae). | a sticky trap designed to capture gravid aedes (stegomyia) aegypti mosquitoes, mosquitrap, has been evaluated for monitoring this species in brazil. however, the effects of trap densities on the capture rate of ae. aegypti females and the sensitivity of vector detection are still unknown. after a preliminary study has identified areas of high and low female mosquito abundance, a set of experiments was conducted in four neighbourhoods of belo horizonte (state of minas gerais, brazil) using densit ... | 2012 | 22510823 |
| using bacteria to treat diseases. | mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever result in significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. vector control is often the most effective strategy to prevent disease transmission and novel methods are required to complement existing insecticide-based strategies. biological control uses natural predators or pathogens to kill mosquitoes or reduce their capacity to transmit disease. bacteria such as wolbachia have been proposed to have the potential to provide effec ... | 2012 | 22500583 |
| a community empowerment strategy embedded in a routine dengue vector control programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial. | the non-sustainability of vertically organised dengue vector control programmes led to pleas for changing the emphasis towards community-based strategies. we conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial with 16 intervention and 16 control clusters to test the effectiveness of a community empowerment strategy intertwined with the routine dengue vector control programme in la lisa, havana city, cuba. the intervention included four components on top of routine control: organisation and managemen ... | 2012 | 22465423 |
| mosquito larvicidal properties of orthosiphon thymiflorus (roth) sleesen. (family: labiatae) against mosquito vectors, anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | to determine the mosquito larvicidal activities of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extract of orthosiphon thymiflorus (o. thymiflorus) against anopheles stephensi (an. stephensi), culex quinquefasciatus (cx. quinquefasciatus) and aedes aegypti (ae. aegypti). | 2012 | 22449522 |
| aedes aegypti re-emerging in egypt: a review and what should be done? | mosquitoes are main vectors of varieties of pathogenic agents affecting man and animals. there-emergencein aswan and approach of aedesa egypti, the vector of the dengue hemorrhagic fever, yellow fever and chikungunya fever, which are encountered in africa, needs to alert for this public health threat. the presence of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in saudi arabia is another issue. | 2011 | 22435171 |
| isolation and identification of mosquito (aedes aegypti ) biting deterrent fatty acids from male inflorescences of breadfruit (artocarpus altilis (parkinson) fosberg). | dried male inflorescences of breadfruit ( artocarpus altilis , moraceae) are burned in communities throughout oceania to repel flying insects, including mosquitoes. this study was conducted to identify chemicals responsible for mosquito deterrence. various crude extracts were evaluated, and the most active, the hydrodistillate, was used for bioassay-guided fractionation. the hydrodistillate and all fractions displayed significant deterrent activity. exploratory gc-ms analysis revealed more than ... | 2012 | 22420541 |
| the first report of aedes (stegomyia) albopictus in haiti. | aedes albopictus was found in six of the 10 departments of haiti and in 14 of the 35 communes surveyed. the survey found the larvae of ae. albopictus in 13 different types of containers. used tires and tins were by far the most common breeding sites used by this mosquito species. at the breeding sites, ae. albopictus was associated with other mosquito species, such as aedes aegypti, culex nigripalpus and aedes mediovittatus. the highest proportion of association was with ae. aegypti. this study ... | 2012 | 22415270 |
| do pollutants affect insecticide-driven gene selection in mosquitoes? experimental evidence from transcriptomics. | the control of mosquitoes transmitting infectious diseases relies mainly on the use of chemical insecticides. however, the emergence of insecticide resistance threatens mosquito control programs. until now, most research efforts have been focused on elucidating resistance mechanisms caused by insecticide treatments. less attention has been paid to the impact of the mosquito chemical environment on insecticide-driven selection mechanisms. here the mosquito aedes aegypti was used as a model specie ... | 2012 | 22406618 |
| mosquitocidal activity of solanum xanthocarpum fruit extract and copepod mesocyclops thermocyclopoides for the control of dengue vector aedes aegypti. | the present study was carried out on solanum xanthocarpum fruit extract and copepods mesocyclops thermocyclopoides, which were assessed for the control of dengue vector, aedes aegypti, under laboratory conditions. the medicinal plants were collected from the outskirts of bharathiar university, coimbatore, tamil nadu, india. the shade-dried fruit materials were extracted by employing the soxhlet apparatus with methanol (organic solvent) 8 h and the extracts were filtered through a buchner funnel ... | 2012 | 22398832 |
| effect of moringa oleifera flower extract on larval trypsin and acetylcholinesterase activities in aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti control is crucial to reducing dengue fever. aedes aegypti larvae have developed resistance to organophosporous insecticides and the use of natural larvicides may help manage larval resistance by increasing elements in insecticide rotation programs. here, we report on larvicidal activity of moringa oleifera flower extract against a. aegypti l(1), l(2), l(3), and l(4) as well as the effect of flower extract on gut trypsin and whole-larval acetylcholinesterase from l(4.) in addition, ... | 2012 | 22392801 |
| larvicidal activity of cnidium monnieri fruit coumarins and structurally related compounds against insecticide-susceptible and insecticide-resistant culex pipiens pallens and aedes aegypti. | an assessment was made of the toxicity of imperatorin and osthole identified in cnidium monnieri fruit, 11 related compounds and five insecticides to larvae from insecticide-susceptible culex pipiens pallens (ks-cp strain) and aedes aegypti and wild c.p. pallens (ys-cp colony) using a direct-contact mortality bioassay. results were compared with those of the conventional larvicide temephos. | 2012 | 22389164 |
| larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using pergularia daemia plant latex against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi and nontarget fish poecillia reticulata. | in present study, the bioactivity of latex-producing plant pergularia daemia as well as synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) against the larval instars of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi mosquito larvae was determined. the range of concentrations of plant latex (1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.25, and 31.25 ppm) and agnps (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, and 0.3125 ppm) were prepared. the lc(50) and lc(90) values for first, second, third, and fourth instars of synthesized agnps-treated first, second ... | 2012 | 22371271 |
| introduction of different lineages of aedes aegypti in argentina. | based on sequence analysis of the mitochondrial gene nd4, we determined the presence in argentina of 3 haplotypes representing different aedes (stegomyia) aegypti lineages previously identified in other countries of the americas, africa, and asia. haplotype 17, the most frequent in argentina, was previously detected in brazil. haplotype 7, restricted in our study to the northwest of argentina and bolivia, was formerly found in low frequency in the usa, brazil, mexico, and senegal. also haplotype ... | 2011 | 22329277 |
| update on the frequency of ile1016 mutation in voltage-gated sodium channel gene of aedes aegypti in mexico. | we analyzed 790 aedes aegypti from 14 localities of mexico in 2009 to update information on the frequency of the ile1016 allele in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene that confers resistance to pyrethroids and ddt. the ile1016 mutation was present in all 17 collections, and was close to fixation in acapulco (frequency = 0.97), iguala (0.93), and san nicolas (0.90). genotypes at the 1016 locus were not in hardy-weinberg proportions in collections from panuco, veracruz, cosoleacaque, coatzacoalc ... | 2011 | 22329266 |
| a chikungunya outbreak in the metropolis of chennai, india, 2006. | in 2006, several southern states in india reported outbreaks of chikungunya. in the metropolis of chennai, the first laboratory-confirmed chikungunya cases had an onset of symptoms at the end of may 2006. the authors reviewed surveillance data in which a suspected case of chikungunya was defined as a patient presenting with fever and arthralgia at a medical camp in chennai on and after june 20, 2006. over the same period, the authors reviewed surveillance data and larval indices for the vector a ... | 2013 | 22329203 |
| increased survivorship following bacterial infection by the mosquito aedes aegypti as compared to anopheles gambiae correlates with increased transcriptional induction of antimicrobial peptides. | mosquitoes defend themselves from pathogens by mounting cellular and humoral innate immune responses. bioinformatic analyses have revealed considerable divergence in immune gene repertoires between mosquito species, but interspecies empirical comparisons of immune responses are lacking. here, we present a comparative analysis of the antimicrobial responses of two distantly related disease vectors: aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae. survival studies showed that ae. aegypti are more proficient i ... | 2012 | 22326457 |
| characterization and expression analysis of prohibitin in the testis of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | prohibitin plays a key role in maintaining mitochondrial membrane integrity and retaining its normal function. we have initially cloned and sequenced the cdna of prohibitin from testis of the crab eriocheir sinensis. the 1,357 bp prohibitin cdna comprises a 105 bp 5' untranslated region, a 427 bp 3' untranslated region and a 825 bp open reading frame. protein alignment substantiates that the prohibitin has 70.2, 69.8, 70.5, 70.9, 72.4, 70.6 and 74.9% identity with its homologues in mus musculus, ... | 2012 | 22311031 |
| new records of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from neuquén and la rioja provinces, argentina. | the presence of aedes aegypti is reported beyond its current limit of distribution in argentina, in the city of neuquén, neuquén province. ovitraps were placed to collect ae. aegypti eggs between december 2009 and april 2010. the geographical distribution of culex eduardoi, psorophora ciliata and ps. cingulata is extended with new records from two provinces. | 2012 | 22310652 |
| field sampling rate of bg-sentinel traps for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in suburban cairns, australia. | mini-mark-release-recapture experiments were conducted in suburban cairns, australia to establish the sampling rate of the biogents-sentinel (bgs) trap for adult aedes aegypti (l.). small cohorts of marked mosquitoes (30 females and 15 males) were released at typical cairns residences, and the number of marked mosquitoes recaptured in the bgs trap after 24 h was recorded. the sampling rate was compared between two seasons and two common housing styles (high-set 'queenslander-style' timber and lo ... | 2012 | 22308768 |
| [aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes are the vehicles of arbovirus infection: biology, ecology, spread, and distinctive signs of species]. | | 2012 | 22308708 |
| feeding strategies of anthropophilic mosquitoes result in increased risk of pathogen transmission. | vector-borne disease specialists have traditionally assumed that in each egg-laying cycle mosquitoes take a single bloodmeal that is used for egg development and feed on plant sugars for flight and production of energy reserves. here we review research showing that for two of the most important vectors of human pathogens (anopheles gambiae and aedes aegypti) imbibing multiple bloodmeals during a gonotrophic cycle while foregoing sugar feeding is a common behaviour, not an exception. by feeding p ... | 2012 | 22300806 |
| insecticide susceptibility of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti (l.) in metropolitan bangkok. | mosquito larvae were collected from the houses of dengue infected patients in bangkok, thailand from 55 sites (36 out of the 50 districts of metropolitan bangkok). aedes aegypti larvae were tested against temephos using who bioassay techniques. adult mosquitoes were tested for susceptibility to permethrin, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, malathion and ddt using who diagnostic doses. most of the larvae tested were susceptible to temephos. only few specimens were resistant to temephos. most adult mosqui ... | 2011 | 22299463 |
| efficacy of herbal essential oils as insecticide against aedes aegypti (linn.), culex quinquefasciatus (say) and anopheles dirus (peyton and harrison). | the essential oils of cananga odorata (ylang ylang), citrus sinensis (orange), cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass), cymbopogon nardus (citronella grass), eucalyptus citriodora (eucalyptus), ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) and syzygium aromaticum (clove), were tested for their insecticide activity against aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus and anopheles dirus using the who standard susceptibility test. these were applied in soybean oil at dose of 1%, 5% and 10% (w/v). c. citratus had the kt, value ... | 2011 | 22299433 |
| geographical distribution and evaluation of mosquito larvivorous potential of aphanius dispar (rüppell), a native fish of gujarat, india. | certain indigenous fish can play potential role in vector control. the study recorded distribution of aphanius dispar (rüppell) in its native habitats in gujarat, india and evaluated its larval propensity for indian mosquito vectors. | 2011 | 22297287 |
| odorant receptor modulation: ternary paradigm for mode of action of insect repellents. | the modulation of insect behavior for the purpose of controlling the spread of infectious diseases has been the task of a few insect repellents for which the mechanistic modes of action on odorant receptors (ors) are unclear. here, we study the effects of the repellents deet and ir3535, and a novel or co-receptor (orco) agonist on odorant-evoked currents in xenopus oocytes expressing two subtypes of aedes aegypti ors (aaors). we show that deet and ir3535 behave as insurmountable antagonists of o ... | 2012 | 22269900 |
| aedes aegypti egg counting system. | new monitoring methods of dengue vector and evaluation of public policies on dengue control are major concerns for several tropical countries. drawback on monitoring methods base on oviposition surveys are the counting process of mosquito eggs, information store and analysis. here we present a new automated egg counting system for remote aedes aegypti population survey. the system is base on an optical scanning platform, a man-machine interface, and a software for mosquitoes eggs counting. acqui ... | 2011 | 22255902 |
| high affinity (3)h-phenylalanine uptake by brush border membrane vesicles from whole larvae of aedes aegypti (aabbmvw). | brush border membrane vesicles from whole aedes aegypti larvae (aabbmvw) are confirmed to be valid preparations for membrane transport studies. the abdul-rauf and ellar method was used to isolate aabbmvw that were frozen, stored for several months, transported to a distant site, thawed and used to study na(+)-coupled, (3)h-labeled, phenylalanine (phe) uptake. the affinity for all components of the uptake was very high with half maximal values in the sub-micromolar range. by contrast a k(0.5)(phe ... | 2012 | 22251673 |
| testing the effectiveness of community-based dengue vector control interventions using semiparametric mixed models. | to evaluate the results obtained though intersectoral coordination and community empowerment in one study carried out during 6 years in playa municipality, cuba. | 2012 | 22239179 |
| larvicidal efficacy of the citrus limetta peel extracts against indian strains of anopheles stephensi liston and aedes aegypti l. | the extracts from the peels of citrus limetta were prepared using hexane and petroleum ether as the solvents. the larvicidal potential of each extract was assessed against dengue fever vector, aedes aegypti, and malarial vector, anopheles stephensi, by evaluating the toxicity effects on early fourth instars. both the extracts were found effective against both the species. the bioassay with hexane extracts resulted in lc(50) values of 132.45 and 96.15 ppm against a. stephensi and a. aegypti, resp ... | 2012 | 22231268 |
| larvicidal and ovicidal properties of leaf and seed extracts of delonix elata (l.) gamble (family: fabaceae) against malaria (anopheles stephensi liston) and dengue (aedes aegypti linn.) (diptera: culicidae) vector mosquitoes. | mosquito-borne diseases with an economic impact create loss in commercial and labor outputs, particularly in countries with tropical and subtropical climates. mosquito control is facing a threat because of the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. extracts from plants may be alternative sources of mosquito control agents because they constitute a rich source of bioactive compounds that are biodegradable into nontoxic products and potentially suitable for use to control mosquitoes. i ... | 2012 | 22231265 |
| comparison among homemade repellents made with cloves, picaridin, andiroba, and soybean oil against aedes aegypti bites. | | 2015 | 22231260 |
| immunotoxicity activity from the essential oils of coriander (coriandrum sativum) seeds. | the seeds of the coriandrum sativum were extracted and the essential oil composition and immunotoxicity effects were studied. the analysis of the essential oil was conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, which revealed 33 components, representing 99.99% of the total oil from the seeds of coriander. the major components are linalool (55.09%), α-pinene (7.49%), 2,6-octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, (e)- (5.70%), geraniol (4.83%), 3-cyclohexene-1-methanol, α,α,4-trimethyl- (4.72%), ... | 2012 | 22208224 |
| [abundance and distribution of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), and dengue dispersion in guasave sinaloa, mexico]. | dengue is an important disease that affects humans, and is transmitted by a. aegypti. during 2006, a total of 477 cases of hemorrhagic dengue, and 1 510 of classic dengue were recorded in sinaloa. due to this high impact, a study on insect abundance and distribution, as well as their relationship with dengue dispersion, was carried out from april 2008 to march 2009 in guasave, sinaloa. the study included a total of six sectors in the city, considering 16 colonies; besides, 96 traps were distribu ... | 2011 | 22208078 |
| novel long-lasting impregnation technique transferred from clothing to bednets: extended efficacy and residual activity of different pyrethroids against aedes aegypti as shown by en iso 6330-standardized machine laundering. | a novel long-lasting insecticide-treated net (llin) has been designed by embedding the pyrethroids deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, permethrin, or etofenprox, onto the fibres of bed net cotton fabric by transferring a new polymer-coating technique from clothing to netting material. en iso 6330, the more stringent european norm for domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing, has been newly employed to monitor and validate more precise wash durability and residual bioactivity of llins. wa ... | 2012 | 22203521 |
| relationship between leaf litter identity, expression of cytochrome p450 genes and life history traits of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | the role of toxic component of leaf litter in mediating the outcome of mosquito species interactions is not well documented. to examine the effect of leaf litter toxins on mosquito performance and interspecific interactions, we reared monospecific and heterospecific cultures of aedes aegypti l. and aedes albopictus skuse larvae in microcosms with one of five leaf species and measured the expression of five cytochrome p450 genes and life history traits of the two mosquito species. for both mosqui ... | 2012 | 22198240 |
| comparison of wing geometry data and genetic data for assessing the population structure of aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is the most important vector of dengue viruses in tropical and subtropical regions. because vaccines are still under development, dengue prevention depends primarily on vector control. population genetics is a common approach in research involving ae. aegypti. in the context of medical entomology, wing morphometric analysis has been proposed as a strong and low-cost complementary tool for investigating population structure. therefore, we comparatively evaluated the genetic and phen ... | 2012 | 22178147 |
| signaling by intracellular ca2+ and h+ in larval mosquito (aedes aegypti) midgut epithelium in response to serosal serotonin and lumen ph. | the midgut of larval mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) mediates a cycle of alkali secretion in the anterior segment (amg) followed by partial reacidification in the posterior segment (pmg); both processes are serotonin-dependent. here we report that intracellular ca(2+)(ca(i)(2+)) as indicated by fura-2 fluorescence, is elevated in both tissues in response to serotonin, but the time courses differ characteristically in the two gut segments, and ca(2+)-free solution abolishes the serotonin response in a ... | 2012 | 22172381 |
| larvicidal efficacy of adhatoda vasica (l.) nees against the bancroftian filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus say and dengue vector aedes aegypti l. in in vitro condition. | the larvicidal activities of methanolic fractions from adhatoda vasica leaf extracts were investigated against the bancroftian filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus and dengue vector aedes aegypti. the results indicated that the mortality rates was high at 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm of methanol extract of fractions iii with r (f) value 0.67 and methanol extract of fraction v with r (f) value 0.64 of a. vasica against all the larval instars of c. quinquefasciatus and a. aegypti. the result of l ... | 2012 | 22167370 |
| oviposition attractancy of dodecanoic, hexadecanoic and tetradecanoic acids against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | vector control is facing a threat due to emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. compounds that mediate the oviposition of mosquitoes: a possible sustainable tool for the control and monitoring of culicidae. the present study to evaluate oviposition attractancy of dodecanoic, hexadecanoic and tetradecanoic acid (isolated from conspecific eggs) against gravid female aedes (ae.) aegypti and culex (cx.) quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. | 2011 | 22165678 |
| insect transgenesis: current applications and future prospects. | the ability to manipulate the genomes of many insects has become a practical reality over the past 15 years. this has been led by the identification of several useful transposon vector systems that have allowed the identification and development of generalized, species-specific, and tissue-specific promoter systems for controlled expression of gene products upon introduction into insect genomes. armed with these capabilities, researchers have made significant strides in both fundamental and appl ... | 2012 | 22149266 |
| effects of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on the host-seeking behavior of female mosquitoes. | a common method of adult mosquito control consists of residual application on surfaces and aerial spraying often using pyrethroids. however, not all insects that contact insecticides are killed. sublethal exposure to neurotoxic compounds can negatively affect sensory organs and reduce efficiency of host location. flight tracks of host-seeking female culex quinquefasciatus, anopheles albimanus, and aedes aegypti in a wind tunnel were video-recorded to compare activation of host-seeking and patter ... | 2011 | 22129411 |
| host feeding responses of aedes aegypti (l.) exposed to deltamethrin. | escape responses of mated and unmated nulliparous aedes aegypti mosquitoes were compared using three different concentrations of deltamethrin in the presence or absence of a live animal host using an excito-repellency (er) test system. both insecticide contact (excitation) and non-contact (repellency) test configurations were compared. for contact trials, mated mosquitoes showed similar escape movements among the three concentrations when host stimuli were absent. significant differences in resp ... | 2011 | 22129408 |
| assessing the impact of density dependence in field populations of aedes aegypti. | although many laboratory studies of intra-specific competition have been conducted with ae. aegypti, there have been few studies in natural environments and none that examined density dependence in natural containers at normal field densities. additionally, current mathematical models that predict ae. aegypti population dynamics lack empirically-based functions for density-dependence. we performed field experiments in tapachula, mexico, where dengue is a significant public health concern. twenty ... | 2011 | 22129401 |
| mosquito larvicidal properties of aqueous and acetone extracts of trianthema portulacastrum linn. (family: aizoaceae) against vector species of mosquitoes. | crude aqueous and acetone extracts of leaf of trianthema portulacastrum was evaluated for its mosquito larvicidal properties against the larvae of four vector species of mosquito under laboratory conditions. these extracts showed good larvicidal properties, 100% mortality in the third instar larvae was observed in the larval bioassay test with anopheles culicifacies, anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti at a concentration of 1.0, 0.75, 0.75 and 1.0% respectively. the ld5 ... | 2011 | 23781639 |
| evaluation of students' knowledge as a contribution to dengue control programs. | this study describes a survey (n=700) carried out in 14 elementary schools in the municipality of caxias, state of maranhão, brazil. the survey was conducted between july and december 2007 in schools from seven neighborhoods on the outskirts of the western part of the municipality, where for the past three years high densities of immature aedes aegypti mosquitoes have been recorded. the students' knowledge of dengue, its vector, and disease prevention was evaluated by targeted questionnaires. th ... | 2011 | 22124817 |
| larval nutritional stress affects vector immune traits in adult yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti (stegomyia aegypti). | we report key physiological traits that link larval nutritional experience to adult immune status in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti l. (stegomyia aegypti) (diptera: culicidae). many lines of defence make up the innate immune system of mosquitoes. among defences, the epithelium-lined midgut is the first barrier, circulating haemocytes are cellular components of innate immunity and, when triggered, the toll and imd pathways signal production of antimicrobial peptides (amp) as part of humo ... | 2012 | 22112201 |
| modeling spatio-temporal risk changes in the incidence of dengue fever in saudi arabia: a geographical information system case study. | the aim of this study was to use geographical information systems to demonstrate the dengue fever (df) risk on a monthly basis in jeddah, saudi arabia with the purpose to provide documentation serving to improve surveillance and monitor the aedes aegypti mosquito vector. getis-ord gi* statistics and a frequency index covering a five-year period (2006-2010) were used to map df and model the risk spatio-temporally. the results show that monthly hotspots were mainly concentrated in central jeddah d ... | 2011 | 22109865 |
| larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using plumeria rubra plant latex against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. | in the present study activity of silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized using plumeria rubra plant latex against second and fourth larval instar of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi was determined. range of concentrations of synthesized agnps (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.3125 ppm) and aqueous crude latex (1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.50, 31.25 ppm) were tested against larvae of a. aegypti and a. stephensi. the synthesized agnps from p. rubra latex were highly toxic than crude latex extract in b ... | 2012 | 22089086 |
| pharmacological characterisation of apical na+ and cl- transport mechanisms of the anal papillae in the larval mosquito aedes aegypti. | the anal papillae of freshwater mosquito larvae are important sites of nacl uptake, thereby acting to offset the dilution of the hemolymph by the dilute habitat. the ion-transport mechanisms in the anal papillae are not well understood. in this study, the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (siet) was utilized to measure ion fluxes at the anal papillae, and pharmacological inhibitors of ion transport were utilized to identify ion-transport mechanisms. na(+) uptake by the anal papillae was ... | 2011 | 22071191 |
| validation of models to estimate the fumigant and larvicidal activity of eucalyptus essential oils against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the aim of this work is to validate the pre-existing models that relate the larvicidal and adulticidal activities of the eucalyptus essential oils on aedes aegypti. previous works at our laboratory described that the larvicidal activity of eucalyptus essential oils can be estimated from the relative concentration of two main components (p-cymene and 1,8-cineole) and that the adulticidal effectiveness can be explained, to a great extent, by the presence of large amounts of the component 1,8-cineo ... | 2012 | 22042502 |
| insecticide resistance development in aedes aegypti upon selection pressure with malathion. | bioassay test against malathion had been carried out with larval and adult stages of aedes aegypti. the mosquitoes were under selection pressure against malathion for forty-five consecutive generations. the rate of resistance development was measured by lc(50) and lt(50) values. the larvae and adult females, after subjection to malathion selection for 45 generations, developed high resistance level to malathion, with resistance ratio of 52.7 and 3.24 folds, respectively over control mosquitoes. ... | 2011 | 22041765 |