Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the changing epidemiology of dengue in china, 1990-2014: a descriptive analysis of 25 years of nationwide surveillance data. | dengue has been a notifiable disease in china since 1 september 1989. cases have been reported each year during the past 25 years of dramatic socio-economic changes in china, and reached a historical high in 2014. this study describes the changing epidemiology of dengue in china during this period, to identify high-risk areas and seasons and to inform dengue prevention and control activities. | 2015 | 25925417 |
| global transcriptional dynamics of diapause induction in non-blood-fed and blood-fed aedes albopictus. | aedes albopictus is a vector of increasing public health concern due to its rapid global range expansion and ability to transmit dengue virus, chikungunya virus and a wide range of additional arboviruses. traditional vector control strategies have been largely ineffective against ae. albopictus and novel approaches are urgently needed. photoperiodic diapause is a crucial ecological adaptation in a wide range of temperate insects. therefore, targeting the molecular regulation of photoperiodic dia ... | 2015 | 25897664 |
| novel insights into the insect trancriptome response to a natural dna virus. | little is known about invertebrate responses to dna viruses. here, we infect a commercially important pest moth species plodia interpunctella with its naturally infecting dna virus. we sequenced, assembled and annotated the complete transcriptome of the moth, and a partial transcriptome of the virus. we then tested for differential gene expression between moths that were exposed to the virus and controls. | 2015 | 25924671 |
| antiviral activity of an n-allyl acridone against dengue virus. | dengue virus (denv), a member of the family flaviviridae, is at present the most widespread causative agent of a human viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. despite the increasing incidence of this pathogen, there are no antiviral drugs or vaccines currently available for treatment or prevention. in a previous screening assay, we identified a group of n-allyl acridones as effective virus inhibitors. here, the antiviral activity and mode of action targeted to viral rna replication of one of th ... | 2015 | 25908170 |
| the expression profile of aedes albopictus mirnas is altered by dengue virus serotype-2 infection. | aedes albopictus is an important vector of dengue virus (denv) and it has quickly invaded the tropical and temperate environments worldwide. a few studies have shown that, micrornas (mirnas) regulate mosquito defense against pathogens. however, there is no systematic analysis of the impact of denv infection on mirna expression in ae. albopictus. we conducted this study to investigate the mirna expression of ae. albopictus upon denv-2 infection using illumina rna sequencing. | 2015 | 25922662 |
| antiviral activity of chloroquine against dengue virus type 2 replication in aotus monkeys. | dengue virus (denv) of the flaviviridae family is a single positive-stranded rna virus that is transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. the objective of this study was to investigate the use of chloroquine (clq) as an antiviral drug against dengue virus in monkeys. to analyze the action of the drug in vivo, nonhuman primates groups (aotus azarai infulatus) were inoculated with a subcutaneous injection of a virulent strain of denv-2, treated and untreated clq. blood hematolog ... | 2015 | 25664975 |
| comparison of vector competence of aedes mediovittatus and aedes aegypti for dengue virus: implications for dengue control in the caribbean. | aedes mediovittatus mosquitoes are found throughout the greater antilles in the caribbean and often share the same larval habitats with ae. aegypti, the primary vector for dengue virus (denv). implementation of vector control measures to control dengue that specifically target ae. aegypti may not control denv transmission in puerto rico (pr). even if ae. aegypti is eliminated or denv refractory mosquitoes are released, denv transmission may not cease when other competent mosquito species like ae ... | 2015 | 25658951 |
| consolidating strategic planning and operational frameworks for integrated vector management in eritrea. | contemporary malaria vector control relies on the use of insecticide-based, indoor residual spraying (irs) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (llins). however, malaria-endemic countries, including eritrea, have struggled to effectively deploy these tools due technical and operational challenges, including the selection of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. this manuscript outlines the processes undertaken in consolidating strategic planning and operational frameworks for vector control t ... | 2015 | 26630934 |
| utilization of an eilat virus-based chimera for serological detection of chikungunya infection. | in december of 2013, chikungunya virus (chikv), an alphavirus in the family togaviridae, was introduced to the island of saint martin in the caribbean, resulting in the first autochthonous cases reported in the americas. as of january 2015, local and imported chikv has been reported in 50 american countries with over 1.1 million suspected cases. chikv causes a severe arthralgic disease for which there are no approved vaccines or therapeutics. furthermore, the lack of a commercially available, se ... | 2015 | 26492074 |
| eilat virus induces both homologous and heterologous interference. | most alphaviruses are mosquito-borne and exhibit a broad host range, infecting many different vertebrates including birds, rodents, equids, and humans. occasionally, alphaviruses can spill over into the human population and cause disease characterized by debilitating arthralgia or fatal encephalitis. recently, a unique alphavirus, eilat virus (eilv), was described that readily infects mosquito but not vertebrate cell lines. here, we investigated the ability of eilv to induce superinfection exclu ... | 2015 | 26068885 |
| review of ten-years presence of aedes albopictus in spain 2004-2014: known distribution and public health concerns. | ten years have gone by since the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus was recorded for the first time in spain. in this paper, all relevant published information about this vector in spain for the period 2004-2014 is reviewed. the known distribution for 2014 is provided, including all historical records (published and unpublished data) and the results from samplings of the last year. the consequences on public health about the presence of the asian tiger mosquito in spain are also highlighted. ... | 2015 | 26694818 |
| development and validation of an elisa kit (yf mac-hd) to detect igm to yellow fever virus. | yellow fever virus (yfv) is endemic in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, with around 180,000 human infections a year occurring in africa. serologic testing is the chief laboratory diagnostic means of identifying an outbreak and to inform the decision to commence a vaccination campaign. the world health organization disseminates the reagents for yfv testing to african reference laboratories, and the us centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) is charged with producing and pr ... | 2015 | 26342907 |
| spatio-temporal distribution of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mitochondrial lineages in cities with distinct dengue incidence rates suggests complex population dynamics of the dengue vector in colombia. | aedes aegypti is the primary vector of the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv1-4), chikungunya and yellow fever virus to humans. previous population genetic studies have revealed a particular genetic structure among the vector populations in the americas that suggests differences in the ability to transmit denv. in colombia, despite its high epidemiologic importance, the genetic population structure and the phylogeographic depiction of ae. aegypti, as well as its relationship with the epidemio ... | 2015 | 25893246 |
| draft genome of the most devastating insect pest of coffee worldwide: the coffee berry borer, hypothenemus hampei. | the coffee berry borer, hypothenemus hampei, is the most economically important insect pest of coffee worldwide. we present an analysis of the draft genome of the coffee berry borer, the third genome for a coleopteran species. the genome size is ca. 163 mb with 19,222 predicted protein-coding genes. analysis was focused on genes involved in primary digestion as well as gene families involved in detoxification of plant defense molecules and insecticides, such as carboxylesterases, cytochrome p450 ... | 2015 | 26228545 |
| transcriptome-based identification of highly similar odorant-binding proteins among neotropical stink bugs and their egg parasitoid. | olfaction plays a fundamental role in insect survival through resource location and intra and interspecific communications. we used rna-seq to analyze transcriptomes for odorant-binding proteins (obps) from major stink bug pest species in brazil, euschistus heros, chinavia ubica, and dichelops melacanthus, and from their egg parasitoid, telenomus podisi. we identified 23 obps in e. heros, 25 obps in c. ubica, 9 obps in d. melacanthus, and 7 obps in t. podisi. the deduced amino acid sequences of ... | 2015 | 26161752 |
| cloning, expression analysis, and rna interference study of a horma domain containing autophagy-related gene 13 (atg13) from the coleopteran beetle, tenebrio molitor. | autophagy is a process that is necessary during starvation, as it replenishes metabolic precursors by eliminating damaged organelles. autophagy is mediated by more than 35 autophagy-related (atg) proteins that participate in the nucleation, elongation, and curving of the autophagosome membrane. in a pursuit to address the role of autophagy during development and immune resistance of the mealworm beetle, tenebrio molitor, we screened atg gene sequences from the whole-larva transcriptome database. ... | 2015 | 26136688 |
| characterization of adelphocoris suturalis (hemiptera: miridae) transcriptome from different developmental stages. | adelphocoris suturalis is one of the most serious pest insects of bt cotton in china, however its molecular genetics, biochemistry and physiology are poorly understood. we used high throughput sequencing platform to perform de novo transcriptome assembly and gene expression analyses across different developmental stages (eggs, 2(nd) and 5(th) instar nymphs, female and male adults). we obtained 20 gb of clean data and revealed 88,614 unigenes, including 23,830 clusters and 64,784 singletons. thes ... | 2015 | 26047353 |
| function and evolution of micrornas in eusocial hymenoptera. | the emergence of eusociality ("true sociality") in several insect lineages represents one of the most successful evolutionary adaptations in the animal kingdom in terms of species richness and global biomass. in contrast to solitary insects, eusocial insects evolved a set of unique behavioral and physiological traits such as reproductive division of labor and cooperative brood care, which likely played a major role in their ecological success. the molecular mechanisms that support the social reg ... | 2015 | 26074950 |
| structures and functions of insect arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (iaanat); a key enzyme for physiological and behavioral switch in arthropods. | the evolution of n-acetyltransfeases (nats) seems complex. vertebrate arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aanat) has been extensively studied since it leads to the synthesis of melatonin, a multifunctional neurohormone prevalent in photoreceptor cells, and is known as a chemical token of the night. melatonin also serves as a scavenger for reactive oxygen species. this is also true with invertebrates. nat therefore has distinct functional implications in circadian function, as timezymes (aanat), ... | 2015 | 25918505 |
| organization of subunits in the membrane domain of the bovine f-atpase revealed by covalent cross-linking. | the f-atpase in bovine mitochondria is a membrane-bound complex of about 30 subunits of 18 different kinds. currently, ∼85% of its structure is known. the enzyme has a membrane extrinsic catalytic domain, and a membrane intrinsic domain where the turning of the enzyme's rotor is generated from the transmembrane proton-motive force. the domains are linked by central and peripheral stalks. the central stalk and a hydrophobic ring of c-subunits in the membrane domain constitute the enzyme's rotor. ... | 2015 | 25851905 |
| systems biology of tissue-specific response to anaplasma phagocytophilum reveals differentiated apoptosis in the tick vector ixodes scapularis. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging pathogen that causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. infection with this zoonotic pathogen affects cell function in both vertebrate host and the tick vector, ixodes scapularis. global tissue-specific response and apoptosis signaling pathways were characterized in i. scapularis nymphs and adult female midguts and salivary glands infected with a. phagocytophilum using a systems biology approach combining transcriptomics and proteomics. apoptosis was select ... | 2015 | 25815810 |
| cloning and functional characterization of two btb genes in the predatory mite metaseiulus occidentalis. | proteins containing the btb (bric-à-brac, tramtrack, and broad complex) domain typically share low sequence similarities and are involved in a wide range of cellular functions. we previously identified two putative and closely related btb genes, btb1 and btb2, in the genome of the predatory mite metaseiulus occidentalis. in the current study, full-length btb1 and btb2 cdnas were cloned and sequenced. btb1 and btb2 encode proteins of 380 and 401 amino acids, respectively. btb1 and btb2 proteins e ... | 2015 | 26640898 |
| a respiratory chain controlled signal transduction cascade in the mitochondrial intermembrane space mediates hydrogen peroxide signaling. | reactive oxygen species (ros) such as hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) govern cellular homeostasis by inducing signaling. h2o2 modulates the activity of phosphatases and many other signaling molecules through oxidation of critical cysteine residues, which led to the notion that initiation of ros signaling is broad and nonspecific, and thus fundamentally distinct from other signaling pathways. here, we report that h2o2 signaling bears hallmarks of a regular signal transduction cascade. it is controlled b ... | 2015 | 26438848 |
| production of serine protease inhibitors by mutagenesis and their effects on the mortality of aedes aegypti l. larvae. | dengue, transmitted primarily by the bites of infected aedes aegypti l., is transmitted to millions of individuals each year in tropical and subtropical areas. dengue control strategies are primarily based on controlling the vector, using insecticides, but the appearance of resistance poses new challenges. recently, highly selective protease inhibitors by phage display were obtained for digestive enzymes of the 4th instar larvae (l4) midgut. these mutants were not confirmed as a larvicide due to ... | 2015 | 26444542 |
| atp binding cassette transporter mediates both heme and pesticide detoxification in tick midgut cells. | in ticks, the digestion of blood occurs intracellularly and proteolytic digestion of hemoglobin takes place in a dedicated type of lysosome, the digest vesicle, followed by transfer of the heme moiety of hemoglobin to a specialized organelle that accumulates large heme aggregates, called hemosomes. in the present work, we studied the uptake of fluorescent metalloporphyrins, used as heme analogs, and amitraz, one of the most regularly used acaricides to control cattle tick infestations, by rhipic ... | 2015 | 26258982 |
| cathepsin gene family reveals transcriptome patterns related to the infective stages of the salmon louse caligus rogercresseyi. | cathepsins are proteases involved in the ability of parasites to overcome and/or modulate host defenses so as to complete their own lifecycle. however, the mechanisms underlying this ability of cathepsins are still poorly understood. one excellent model for identifying and exploring the molecular functions of cathepsins is the marine ectoparasitic copepod caligus rogercresseyi that currently affects the chilean salmon industry. using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, 56 cathepsin-like se ... | 2015 | 25923525 |
| sequence analysis of insecticide action and detoxification-related genes in the insect pest natural enemy pardosa pseudoannulata. | the pond wolf spider pardosa pseudoannulata, an important natural predatory enemy of rice planthoppers, is found widely distributed in paddy fields. however, data on the genes involved in insecticide action, detoxification, and response are very limited for p. pseudoannulata, which inhibits the development and appropriate use of selective insecticides to control insect pests on rice. we used transcriptome construction from adult spider cephalothoraxes to analyze and manually identify genes encon ... | 2015 | 25923714 |
| transcriptomic insights on the abc transporter gene family in the salmon louse caligus rogercresseyi. | atp-binding cassette (abc) protein family encode for membrane proteins involved in the transport of various biomolecules through the cellular membrane. these proteins have been identified in all taxa and present important physiological functions, including the process of insecticide detoxification in arthropods. for that reason the ectoparasite caligus rogercresseyi represents a model species for understanding the molecular underpinnings involved in insecticide drug resistance. | 2015 | 25889038 |
| an evolutionarily-unique heterodimeric voltage-gated cation channel found in aphids. | we describe the identification in aphids of a unique heterodimeric voltage-gated sodium channel which has an atypical ion selectivity filter and, unusually for insect channels, is highly insensitive to tetrodotoxin. we demonstrate that this channel has most likely arisen by adaptation (gene fission or duplication) of an invertebrate ancestral mono(hetero)meric channel. this is the only identifiable voltage-gated sodium channel homologue in the aphid genome(s), and the channel's novel selectivity ... | 2015 | 25637326 |
| insecticidal and repellent activity of siparuna guianensis aubl. (negramina) against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | this study investigated the toxic effects of essential oils isolated from siparuna guianensis against aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult) and aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells. the oviposition-deterring activity, egg viability, and repellence activity in the presence of different essential oils concentrations were determined. the essential oils showed high toxicity to all developmental stages of a. aegypti and c. quinquefasciatus. furthermore, the oils also showed ... | 2015 | 25646797 |
| non-classical gluconeogenesis-dependent glucose metabolism in rhipicephalus microplus embryonic cell line bme26. | in this work we evaluated several genes involved in gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and glycogen metabolism, the major pathways for carbohydrate catabolism and anabolism, in the bme26 rhipicephalus microplus embryonic cell line. genetic and catalytic control of the genes and enzymes associated with these pathways are modulated by alterations in energy resource availability (primarily glucose). bme26 cells in media were investigated using three different glucose concentrations, and changes in the tra ... | 2015 | 25594873 |
| characterization of a novel rxr receptor in the salmon louse (lepeophtheirus salmonis, copepoda) regulating growth and female reproduction. | nuclear receptors have crucial roles in all metazoan animals as regulators of gene transcription. a wide range of studies have elucidated molecular and biological significance of nuclear receptors but there are still a large number of animals where the knowledge is very limited. in the present study we have identified an rxr type of nuclear receptor in the salmon louse (lepeophtheirus salmonis) (i.e. lsrxr). rxr is one of the two partners of the ecdysteroid receptor in arthropods, the receptor f ... | 2015 | 25765704 |
| breeding sites of aedes aegypti: potential dengue vectors in dire dawa, east ethiopia. | background and objectives. entomological survey was carried out from may-june to september-october 2014 to investigate the presence of dengue vectors in discarded tires and artificial water containers in houses and peridomestic areas. methods. a cross-sectional immature stage survey was done indoors and outdoors in 301 houses. mosquito larval sampling was conducted using pipette or dipper depending on container types. larvae were identified morphologically and larval indices were also calculated ... | 2015 | 26435712 |
| immunological features underlying viral hemorrhagic fevers. | several enveloped rna viruses of the arenavirus, bunyavirus, filovirus and flavivirus families are associated with a syndrome known as viral hemorrhagic fever (vhf). vhf is characterized by fever, vascular leakage, coagulation defects and multi organ system failure. vhf is currently viewed as a disease precipitated by viral suppression of innate immunity, which promotes systemic virus replication and excessive proinflammatory cytokine responses that trigger the manifestations of severe disease. ... | 2015 | 26163194 |
| transcription analysis of neonicotinoid resistance in mediterranean (med) populations of b. tabaci reveal novel cytochrome p450s, but no nachr mutations associated with the phenotype. | bemisia tabaci is one of the most damaging agricultural pests world-wide. although its control is based on insecticides, b. tabaci has developed resistance against almost all classes of insecticides, including neonicotinoids. | 2015 | 26573457 |
| genome-wide dna methylome variation in two genetically distinct chicken lines using methylc-seq. | dna cytosine methylation is an important epigenetic modification that has significant effects on a variety of biological processes in animals. avian species hold a crucial position in evolutionary history. in this study, we used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (methylc-seq) to generate single base methylation profiles of lungs in two genetically distinct and highly inbred chicken lines (fayoumi and leghorn) that differ in genetic resistance to multiple pathogens, and we explored the potential ... | 2015 | 26497311 |
| altered gene expression in the schistosome-transmitting snail biomphalaria glabrata following exposure to niclosamide, the active ingredient in the widely used molluscicide bayluscide. | in view of the call by the world health organization (who) for elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem by 2025, use of molluscicides in snail control to supplement chemotherapy-based control efforts is likely to increase in the coming years. the mechanisms of action of niclosamide, the active ingredient in the most widely used molluscicides, remain largely unknown. a better understanding of its toxicology at the molecular level will both improve our knowledge of snail biology a ... | 2015 | 26452273 |
| bio-efficacy of new long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets against anopheles funestus and anopheles gambiae from central and northern mozambique. | long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (llins) are one of the main methods used for controlling malaria transmission in mozambique. the proliferation of several types of llins and the re-emergence of insecticide resistance in the local vector populations poses challenges to the local malaria control programme on selecting suitable insecticide-based vector control products. therefore, this study evaluated the insecticide susceptibility and bio-efficacy of selected new llins against wild population ... | 2015 | 26377825 |
| identifying genomic changes associated with insecticide resistance in the dengue mosquito aedes aegypti by deep targeted sequencing. | the capacity of mosquitoes to resist insecticides threatens the control of diseases such as dengue and malaria. until alternative control tools are implemented, characterizing resistance mechanisms is crucial for managing resistance in natural populations. insecticide biodegradation by detoxification enzymes is a common resistance mechanism; however, the genomic changes underlying this mechanism have rarely been identified, precluding individual resistance genotyping. in particular, the role of ... | 2015 | 26206155 |
| functional development of carbon dioxide detection in the maxillary palp of anopheles gambiae. | olfactory information drives several behaviours critical for the survival and persistence of insect pests and vectors. insect behaviour is variable, linked to their biological needs, and regulated by physiological dynamics. for mosquitoes, co2 is an important cue that signifies the presence of a host, and which elicits activation and attraction. to investigate the genetic basis of olfactory modulation in mosquitoes, we assayed changes in co2 detection from receptor gene expression through physio ... | 2015 | 26056246 |
| high nucleotide diversity and limited linkage disequilibrium in helicoverpa armigera facilitates the detection of a selective sweep. | insecticides impose extreme selective pressures on populations of target pests and so insecticide resistance loci of these species may provide the footprints of 'selective sweeps'. to lay the foundation for future genome-wide scans for selective sweeps and inform genome-wide association study designs, we set out to characterize some of the baseline population genomic parameters of one of the most damaging insect pests in agriculture worldwide, helicoverpa armigera. to this end, we surveyed nine ... | 2015 | 26174024 |
| evaluation of the toxicity and repellence of an organic fatty acids mixture (c8910) against insecticide susceptible and resistant strains of the major malaria vector anopheles funestus giles (diptera: culicidae). | malaria vector control relies principally on the use of insecticides, especially pyrethroids. because of the increasing occurrence of insecticide resistance in target vector populations, the development of new insecticides, particularly those with novel modes of action, is particularly important, especially in terms of managing insecticide resistance. the c8910 formulation is a patented mixture of compounds comprising straight-chain octanoic, nonanoic and decanoic saturated fatty acids. this com ... | 2015 | 26062763 |
| novel detection of insecticide resistance related p450 genes and transcriptome analysis of the hemimetabolous pest erthesina fullo (thunberg) (hemiptera: heteroptera). | erthesina fullo (thunberg, 1783) is an economically important heteropteran species in china. since only three nucleotide sequences of this species (coi, 16s rrna, and 18s rrna) appear in the genbank database so far, no analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying e. fullo's resistance to insecticide and environmental stress has been accomplished. we reported a de novo assembled and annotated transcriptome for adult e. fullo using the illumina sequence system. a total of 53,359,458 clean reads ... | 2015 | 25955554 |
| investigation of the first case of dengue virus infection acquired in western australia in seven decades: evidence of importation of infected mosquitoes? | in october 2013, a locally-acquired case of dengue virus (denv) infection was reported in western australia (wa) where local dengue transmission has not occurred for over 70 years. laboratory testing confirmed recent denv infection and the case demonstrated a clinically compatible illness. the infection was most likely acquired in the pilbara region in the northwest of wa. follow up investigations did not detect any other locally-acquired dengue cases or any known dengue vector species in the lo ... | 2015 | 26406471 |
| river boats contribute to the regional spread of the dengue vector aedes aegypti in the peruvian amazon. | the dramatic range expansion of the dengue vector aedes aegypti is associated with various anthropogenic transport activities, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms driving this geographic expansion. we longitudinally characterized infestation of different vehicle types (cars, boats, etc.) to estimate the frequency and intensity of mosquito introductions into novel locations (propagule pressure). | 2015 | 25860352 |
| the effects of interspecific courtship on the mating success of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) males. | satyrization, a form of asymmetric reproductive interference, has recently been shown to play a role in competitive displacements of aedes aegypti (l.) by aedes albopictus (skuse). furthermore, female ae. aegypti from populations in sympatry with ae. albopictus have evolved reproductive character displacement and changes in mating behavior to reduce interspecific mating. in this article, we examine evolutionary responses of males to interspecific mating and show that satyrization has also evoked ... | 2015 | 27418696 |
| partial characterization of venom from the colombian spider phoneutria boliviensis (aranae:ctenidae). | we report on the first studies on the characterization of venom from phoneutria boliviensis (aranae:ctenidae) (f. o. pickard-cambridge, 1897), done with colombian species. after the electrostimulation extraction process, the venom showed physicochemical properties corresponding to a colorless and water-soluble liquid with a density of 0.86 mg/ml and 87% aqueous content. p. boliviensis venom and rp-hplc fractions showed hemolytic activity and hydrolyzed the synthetic substrate 4-nitro-3-octanoylo ... | 2015 | 26264023 |
| enhanced cuticular penetration as the mechanism for synergy of insecticidal constituents of rosemary essential oil in trichoplusia ni. | synergistic interactions between constituents of essential oils have been reported for several areas of research. in the present study, mechanisms that could explain the synergistic action of the two major insecticidal constituents of rosemary oil, 1,8-cineole and camphor against the cabbage looper, trichoplusia ni were investigated. 1,8-cineole was more toxic than camphor when applied topically to larvae, and when coadministered in their ratio naturally occurring in rosemary oil, the binary mix ... | 2015 | 26223769 |
| traditional uses, phytochemistry, and bioactivities of cananga odorata (ylang-ylang). | ylang-ylang (cananga odorata hook. f. & thomson) is one of the plants that are exploited at a large scale for its essential oil which is an important raw material for the fragrance industry. the essential oils extracted via steam distillation from the plant have been used mainly in cosmetic industry but also in food industry. traditionally, c. odorata is used to treat malaria, stomach ailments, asthma, gout, and rheumatism. the essential oils or ylang-ylang oil is used in aromatherapy and is bel ... | 2015 | 26294929 |
| the asian rice gall midge (orseolia oryzae) mitogenome has evolved novel gene boundaries and tandem repeats that distinguish its biotypes. | the complete mitochondrial genome of the asian rice gall midge, orseolia oryzae (diptera; cecidomyiidae) was sequenced, annotated and analysed in the present study. the circular genome is 15,286 bp with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 trnas and 2 ribosomal rna genes, and a 578 bp non-coding control region. all protein coding genes used conventional start codons and terminated with a complete stop codon. the genome presented many unusual features: (1) rearrangement in the order of trnas as well as pr ... | 2015 | 26226163 |
| two inwardly rectifying potassium channels, irk1 and irk2, play redundant roles in drosophila renal tubule function. | inwardly rectifying potassium channels play essential roles in renal physiology across phyla. barium-sensitive k(+) conductances are found on the basolateral membrane of a variety of insect malpighian (renal) tubules, including drosophila melanogaster. we found that barium decreases the lumen-positive transepithelial potential difference in isolated perfused drosophila tubules and decreases fluid secretion and transepithelial k(+) flux. in those insect species in which it has been studied, trans ... | 2015 | 26224687 |
| chemical component and proteomic study of the amphibalanus (= balanus) amphitrite shell. | as typical biofoulers, barnacles possess hard shells and cause serious biofouling problems. in this study, we analyzed the protein component of the barnacle amphibalanus (= balanus) amphitrite shell using gel-based proteomics. the results revealed 52 proteins in the a. amphitrite shell. among them, 40 proteins were categorized into 11 functional groups based on kog database, and the remaining 12 proteins were unknown. besides the known proteins in barnacle shell (sipc, carbonic anhydrase and aci ... | 2015 | 26222041 |
| weather regulates location, timing, and intensity of dengue virus transmission between humans and mosquitoes. | dengue is one of the most aggressively expanding mosquito-transmitted viruses. the human burden approaches 400 million infections annually. complex transmission dynamics pose challenges for predicting location, timing, and magnitude of risk; thus, models are needed to guide prevention strategies and policy development locally and globally. weather regulates transmission-potential via its effects on vector dynamics. an important gap in understanding risk and roadblock in model development is an e ... | 2015 | 26222979 |
| transcriptional analysis of susceptible and resistant european corn borer strains and their response to cry1f protoxin. | despite a number of recent reports of insect resistance to transgenic crops expressing insecticidal toxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt), little is known about the mechanism of resistance to these toxins. the purpose of this study is to identify genes associated with the mechanism of cry1f toxin resistance in european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis hübner). for this, we compared the global transcriptomic response of laboratory selected resistant and susceptible o. nubilalis strain to cry1f to ... | 2015 | 26220297 |
| in vitro and in vivo host range of anopheles gambiae densovirus (agdnv). | agdnv is a powerful gene transduction tool and potential biological control agent for anopheles mosquitoes. using a gfp reporter virus system, we investigated agdnv host range specificity in four arthropod cell lines (derived from an. gambiae, aedes albopictus and drosophila melanogaster) and six mosquito species from 3 genera (an. gambiae, an. arabiensis, an. stephensi, ae. albopictus, ae. aegypti and culex tarsalis). in vitro, efficient viral invasion, replication and gfp expression was only o ... | 2015 | 26220140 |
| mammalian cochlea as a physics guided evolution-optimized hearing sensor. | nonlinear physics plays an essential role in hearing. we demonstrate on a mesoscopic description level that during the evolutionary perfection of the hearing sensor, nonlinear physics led to the unique design of the cochlea observed in mammals, and that this design requests as a consequence the perception of pitch. our insight challenges the view that mostly genetics is responsible for the uniformity of the construction of the mammalian hearing sensor. our analysis also suggests that scaleable a ... | 2015 | 26216397 |
| a novel laminin β gene bmlanb1-w regulates wing-specific cell adhesion in silkworm, bombyx mori. | laminins are important basement membrane (bm) components with crucial roles in development. the numbers of laminin isoforms in various organisms are determined by the composition of the different α, β, and γ chains, and their coding genes, which are variable across spieces. in insects, only two α, one β, and one γ chains have been identified thus far. here, we isolated a novel laminin β gene, bmlanb1-w, by positional cloning of the mutant (crayfish, cf) with blistered wings in silkworm. gene str ... | 2015 | 26212529 |
| acute toxicity and dermal and eye irritation of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the seeds of "zapote" pouteria mammosa (l.) cronquist. | the common use of pouteria mammosa (l.) cronquist, "mamey or zapote," in food and ethnobotanic medicine shows its low or absent toxicity as fruit extracts prepared from seeds. however, it is essential to conduct security trials to scientifically support their use in drug therapy. this study evaluated the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract (25%) acute oral toxicity, obtained from the seeds of p. mammosa, in sprague dawley rats and dermal and eye irritability in new zealand rabbits. the 404 and 40 ... | 2015 | 26273696 |
| correction: evaluation of a push-pull approach for aedes aegypti (l.) using a novel dispensing system for spatial repellents in the laboratory and in a semi-field environment. | 2015 | 26207826 | |
| characterization of the honeybee amnav1 channel and tools to assess the toxicity of insecticides. | pollination is important for both agriculture and biodiversity. for a significant number of plants, this process is highly, and sometimes exclusively, dependent on the pollination activity of honeybees. the large numbers of honeybee colony losses reported in recent years have been attributed to colony collapse disorder. various hypotheses, including pesticide overuse, have been suggested to explain the disorder. using the xenopus oocytes expression system and two microelectrode voltage-clamp, we ... | 2015 | 26202396 |
| association between three mutations, f1565c, v1023g and s996p, in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene and knockdown resistance in aedes aegypti from yogyakarta, indonesia. | mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene (vssc) have been identified in aedes aegypti and some have been associated with pyrethroid insecticide resistance. whether these mutations cause resistance, alone or in combination with other alleles, remains unclear, but must be understood if mutations are to become markers for resistance monitoring. we describe high resolution melt (hrm) genotyping assays for assessing mutations found in ae. aegypti in indonesia (f1565c, v1023g, s996p) and ... | 2015 | 26463408 |
| combination immunotherapy in the treatment of chronic bilateral panuveitis and uveitic glaucoma during acute dengue fever infection in the caribbean. | ocular manifestations of the dengue fever virus include bilateral panuveitis that can occur after the acute systemic infection has resolved. in most reported cases, the inflammation resolves with topical or systemic steroid therapy. we report a case of chronic, refractory bilateral panuveitis and uveitic glaucoma that began during the acute phase of the systemic infection and required treatment with oral steroids, multiple steroid-sparing agents, and surgical therapy for glaucoma. | 2015 | 26229512 |
| application of wmelpop wolbachia strain to crash local populations of aedes aegypti. | the endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia pipientis (wmel strain) has been successfully established in several populations of aedes aegypti, the primary dengue vector. the virulent wolbachia strain wmelpop is known to cause several pathological impacts (increased egg mortality, life shortening, etc.) reducing overall fitness in the mosquito ae. aegypti. increased egg mortality could substantially reduce egg banks in areas with a lengthy monsoonal dry season, and be employed to eliminate local populat ... | 2015 | 26204449 |
| scrutinizing the immune defence inventory of camponotus floridanus applying total transcriptome sequencing. | defence mechanisms of organisms are shaped by their lifestyle, environment and pathogen pressure. carpenter ants are social insects which live in huge colonies comprising genetically closely related individuals in high densities within nests. this lifestyle potentially facilitates the rapid spread of pathogens between individuals. in concert with their innate immune system, social insects may apply external immune defences to manipulate the microbial community among individuals and within nests. ... | 2015 | 26198742 |
| stress responses of small heat shock protein genes in lepidoptera point to limited conservation of function across phylogeny. | the small heat shock protein (shsp) family is thought to play an important role in protein refolding and signal transduction, and thereby protect organisms from stress. however little is known about shsp function and conservation across phylogenies. in the current study, we provide a comprehensive assessment of small hsp genes and their stress responses in the oriental fruit moth (ofm), grapholita molesta. fourteen small heat shock proteins of ofm clustered with related hsps in other lepidoptera ... | 2015 | 26196395 |
| spatial distribution of dengue in a brazilian urban slum setting: role of socioeconomic gradient in disease risk. | few studies of dengue have shown group-level associations between demographic, socioeconomic, or geographic characteristics and the spatial distribution of dengue within small urban areas. this study aimed to examine whether specific characteristics of an urban slum community were associated with the risk of dengue disease. | 2015 | 26196686 |
| nonfunctional ingestion of plant mirnas in silkworm revealed by digital droplet pcr and transcriptome analysis. | since a plant mirna (mir168) cross-regulating a mammalian transcript was reported, mirna-mediated cross-kingdom communication has become one of the most compelling but controversial topics. in the present study, we used silkworm and mulberry, which is a model for studies on the interactions between the insect and its host plant, to address whether mirna-mediated cross-kingdom communication is a common phenomenon. the results of ta clone, sanger sequencing and droplet digital pcr demonstrated tha ... | 2015 | 26195298 |
| reception of odors and repellents in mosquitoes. | mosquitoes use their sense of smell to find hosts, nectar, and oviposition sites, and to avoid repellents. a small number of mosquito species are adapted to feed on humans and have a major impact on public health by transmitting diseases such as malaria, dengue and filariasis. the application of odorants for behavioral control has not been fully realized yet due to complexity of the mosquito olfactory system. recent progress in molecular and computational tools has enabled rigorous investigation ... | 2015 | 26202080 |
| a new membrane lipid raft gene spflt-1 facilitating the endocytosis of vibrio alginolyticus in the crab scylla paramamosain. | pathogens can enter their host cells by way of endocytosis in which the membrane lipid raft gene flotillins are probably involved in the invasion process and this is an important way to cause infection. in this study, a new gene spflt-1 was identified in scylla paramamosain, which shared high identity with the flotillin-1 of other species. the spflt-1 gene was widely distributed in tissues and showed the highest level of mrna transcripts in the hemocytes. this gene might be a maternal gene based ... | 2015 | 26186350 |
| mapping of the sequences directing localization of the drosophila germ cell-expressed protein (gce). | drosophila melanogaster germ cell-expressed protein (gce) belongs to the family of bhlh-pas transcription factors that are the regulators of gene expression networks that determine many physiological and developmental processes. gce is a homolog of d. melanogaster methoprene tolerant protein (met), a key mediator of anti-metamorphic signaling in insects and the putative juvenile hormone receptor. recently, it has been shown that the functions of met and gce are only partially redundant and tissu ... | 2015 | 26186223 |
| predicting scenarios for successful autodissemination of pyriproxyfen by malaria vectors from their resting sites to aquatic habitats; description and simulation analysis of a field-parameterizable model. | large-cage experiments indicate pyriproxifen (ppf) can be transferred from resting sites to aquatic habitats by anopheles arabiensis--malaria vector mosquitoes to inhibit emergence of their own offspring. ppf coverage is amplified twice: (1) partial coverage of resting sites with ppf contamination results in far higher contamination coverage of adult mosquitoes because they are mobile and use numerous resting sites per gonotrophic cycle, and (2) even greater contamination coverage of aquatic hab ... | 2015 | 26186730 |
| mosquitoes use vision to associate odor plumes with thermal targets. | all moving animals, including flies, sharks, and humans, experience a dynamic sensory landscape that is a function of both their trajectory through space and the distribution of stimuli in the environment. this is particularly apparent for mosquitoes, which use a combination of olfactory, visual, and thermal cues to locate hosts. mosquitoes are thought to detect suitable hosts by the presence of a sparse co₂ plume, which they track by surging upwind and casting crosswind. upon approach, local cu ... | 2015 | 26190071 |
| bacterial exposure at the larval stage induced sexual immune dimorphism and priming in adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | gender differences in the immune response of insects are driven by natural selection for females and sexual selection for males. these natural forces entail a multitude of extrinsic and intrinsic factors involved in a genotype-environment interaction that results in sex-biased expression of the genes shared by males and females. however, little is known about how an infection at a particular ontogenetic stage may influence later stages, or how it may impact sexual immune dimorphism. using aedes ... | 2015 | 26181517 |
| pest control and resistance management through release of insects carrying a male-selecting transgene. | development and evaluation of new insect pest management tools is critical for overcoming over-reliance upon, and growing resistance to, synthetic, biological and plant-expressed insecticides. for transgenic crops expressing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis ('bt crops') emergence of resistance is slowed by maintaining a proportion of the crop as non-bt varieties, which produce pest insects unselected for resistance. while this strategy has been largely successful, ... | 2015 | 26179401 |
| web platform using digital image processing and geographic information system tools: a brazilian case study on dengue. | dengue fever is endemic in asia, the americas, the east of the mediterranean and the western pacific. according to the world health organization, it is one of the diseases of greatest impact on health, affecting millions of people each year worldwide. a fast detection of increases in populations of the transmitting vector, the aedes aegypti mosquito, is essential to avoid dengue outbreaks. unfortunately, in several countries, such as brazil, the current methods for detecting populations changes ... | 2015 | 26178732 |
| mechanism of ammonia excretion in the freshwater leech nephelopsis obscura: characterization of a primitive rh protein and effects of high environmental ammonia. | remarkably little is known about nitrogenous excretion in freshwater invertebrates. in the current study, the nitrogen excretion mechanism in the carnivorous ribbon leech, nephelopsis obscura, was investigated. excretion experiments showed that the ribbon leech is ammonotelic, excreting 166.0 ± 8.6 nmol·grams fresh weight (gfw)(-1)·h(-1) ammonia and 14.7 ± 1.9 nmol·gfw(-1)·h(-1) urea. exposure to high and low ph hampered and enhanced, respectively, ammonia excretion rates, indicating an acid-lin ... | 2015 | 26180186 |
| a corpora allata farnesyl diphosphate synthase in mosquitoes displaying a metal ion dependent substrate specificity. | farnesyl diphosphate synthase (fpps) is a key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis, it catalyzes the head-to-tail condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (dmapp) with two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) to generate farnesyl diphosphate (fpp), a precursor of juvenile hormone (jh). in this study, we functionally characterized an aedes aegypti fpps (aafpps) expressed in the corpora allata. aafpps is the only fpps gene present in the genome of the yellow fever mosquito, it encodes a 49.6 k ... | 2015 | 26188328 |
| stimulating anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies. | male anopheles mosquitoes that swarm rely in part on features of the environment including visual stimuli to locate swarms. swarming is believed to be the primary behaviour during which mating occurs in the field, but is not a common behaviour in the laboratory. features that stimulate male anopheles gambiae g3 strain swarming were created in novel large indoor cages. | 2015 | 26169677 |
| antiviral and antioxidant activities of sulfated galactomannans from plants of caatinga biome. | dengue represents a serious social and economic public health problem; then trying to contribute to improve its control, the objective of this research was to develop phytoterapics for dengue treatment using natural resources from caatinga biome. galactomannans isolated from adenanthera pavonina l., caesalpinia ferrea mart., and dimorphandra gardneriana tull were chemically sulfated in order to evaluate the antioxidant, and antiviral activities and the role in the inhibition of virus denv-2 in v ... | 2015 | 26257815 |
| alternative nf-κb isoforms in the drosophila neuromuscular junction and brain. | the drosophila nf-κb protein dorsal is expressed at the larval neuromuscular junction, where its expression appears unrelated to known dorsal functions in embryonic patterning and innate immunity. using confocal microscopy with domain-specific antisera, we demonstrate that larval muscle expresses only the b isoform of dorsal, which arises by intron retention. we find that dorsal b interacts with and stabilizes cactus at the neuromuscular junction, but exhibits cactus independent localization and ... | 2015 | 26167685 |
| bombyx e75 isoforms display stage- and tissue-specific responses to 20-hydroxyecdysone. | resulted from alternative splicing of the 5' exons, the nuclear receptor gene e75 in the silkworm, bombyx mori, processes three mrna isoforms, bme75a, bme75b and bme75c. from the early 5(th) larval instar to the prepupal stages, bme75a mrna and protein levels in the prothoracic glands display developmental profiles similar to ecdysteroid titer. in the fat body, mrna levels but not protein levels of all three bme75 isoforms correlate with ecdysteroid titer; moreover, proteins of all three bme75 i ... | 2015 | 26166384 |
| genetic evidence for function of the bhlh-pas protein gce/met as a juvenile hormone receptor. | juvenile hormones (jhs) play a major role in controlling development and reproduction in insects and other arthropods. synthetic jh-mimicking compounds such as methoprene are employed as potent insecticides against significant agricultural, household and disease vector pests. however, a receptor mediating effects of jh and its insecticidal mimics has long been the subject of controversy. the bhlh-pas protein methoprene-tolerant (met), along with its drosophila melanogaster paralog germ cell-expr ... | 2015 | 26161662 |
| the seasonal reproduction number of dengue fever: impacts of climate on transmission. | background. dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease and a regular epidemic in thailand. the peak of the dengue epidemic period is around june to august during the rainy season. it is believed that climate is an important factor for dengue transmission. method. a mathematical model for vector-host infectious disease was used to calculate the impacts of climate to the transmission of dengue virus. in this study, the data of climate and dengue fever cases were derived from chiang mai during ... | 2015 | 26213648 |
| temporal coordination of carbohydrate metabolism during mosquito reproduction. | hematophagous mosquitoes serve as vectors of multiple devastating human diseases, and many unique physiological features contribute to the incredible evolutionary success of these insects. these functions place high-energy demands on a reproducing female mosquito, and carbohydrate metabolism (cm) must be synchronized with these needs. functional analysis of metabolic gene profiling showed that major cm pathways, including glycolysis, glycogen and sugar metabolism, and citrate cycle, are dramatic ... | 2015 | 26158648 |
| evolutionary decay and the prospects for long-term disease intervention using engineered insect vectors. | after a long history of applying the sterile insect technique to suppress populations of disease vectors and agricultural pests, there is growing interest in using genetic engineering both to improve old methods and to enable new methods. the two goals of interventions are to suppress populations, possibly eradicating a species altogether, or to abolish the vector's competence to transmit a parasite. new methods enabled by genetic engineering include the use of selfish genes toward either goal a ... | 2015 | 26160736 |
| evidence of limited polyandry in a natural population of aedes aegypti. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is a vector of yellow fever, dengue, and chikungunya. control of the insect is crucial to stop the spread of dengue and chikungunya, so it is critically important to understand its mating behavior. primarily, based on laboratory behavior, it has long been assumed that ae. aegypti females mate once in their lifetime. however, multiple inseminations have been observed in semi-field and laboratory settings, and in closely related species. here, we report the first evidenc ... | 2015 | 25870424 |
| the influence of diet on the use of near-infrared spectroscopy to determine the age of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | interventions targeting adult mosquitoes are used to combat transmission of vector-borne diseases, including dengue. without available vaccines, targeting the primary vector, aedes aegypti, is essential to prevent transmission. older mosquitoes (≥ 7 days) are of greatest epidemiological significance due to the 7-day extrinsic incubation period of the virus. age-grading of female mosquitoes is necessary to identify post-intervention changes in mosquito population age structure. we developed model ... | 2015 | 25802436 |
| cd8+ t-cell responses in flavivirus-naive individuals following immunization with a live-attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine candidate. | we are developing a live-attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine (tdv) candidate based on an attenuated dengue 2 virus (tdv-2) and 3 chimeric viruses containing the premembrane and envelope genes of dengue viruses (denvs) -1, -3, and -4 expressed in the context of the attenuated tdv-2 genome (tdv-1, tdv-3, and tdv-4, respectively). in this study, we analyzed and characterized the cd8(+) t-cell response in flavivirus-naive human volunteers vaccinated with 2 doses of tdv 90 days apart via the subcut ... | 2015 | 25943203 |
| blood serum and bsa, but neither red blood cells nor hemoglobin can support vitellogenesis and egg production in the dengue vector aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is the major vector of dengue, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses that put millions of people in endemic countries at risk. mass rearing of this mosquito is crucial for strategies that use modified insects to reduce vector populations and transmission of pathogens, such as sterile insect technique or population replacement. a major problem for vector mosquito mass rearing is the requirement of vertebrate blood for egg production since it poses significant costs as well as potenti ... | 2015 | 26020000 |
| expression and light-triggered movement of rhodopsins in the larval visual system of mosquitoes. | during the larval stages, the visual system of the mosquito aedes aegypti contains five stemmata, often referred to as larval ocelli, positioned laterally on each side of the larval head. here we show that stemmata contain two photoreceptor types, distinguished by the expression of different rhodopsins. the rhodopsin aaop3 (gprop3) is expressed in the majority of the larval photoreceptors. there are two small clusters of photoreceptors located within the satellite and central stemmata that expre ... | 2015 | 25750414 |
| costly inheritance and the persistence of insecticide resistance in aedes aegypti populations. | global emergence of arboviruses is a growing public health concern, since most of these diseases have no vaccine or prevention treatment available. in this scenario, vector control through the use of chemical insecticides is one of the most important prevention tools. nevertheless, their effectiveness has been increasingly compromised by the development of strong resistance observed in field populations, even in spite of fitness costs usually associated to resistance. using a stage-structured de ... | 2015 | 25933383 |
| a household serosurvey to estimate the magnitude of a dengue outbreak in mombasa, kenya, 2013. | dengue appears to be endemic in africa with a number of reported outbreaks. in february 2013, several individuals with dengue-like illnesses and negative malaria blood smears were identified in mombasa, kenya. dengue was laboratory confirmed and an investigation was conducted to estimate the magnitude of local transmission including a serologic survey to determine incident dengue virus (denv) infections. consenting household members provided serum and were questioned regarding exposures and medi ... | 2015 | 25923210 |
| the re-emergence of dengue in china. | the number of reports in the literature on dengue outbreaks in various parts of south china is increasing. this trend is likely contributed to by multiple factors, chief among which is the increase in trade and human movement in and out of china from the southeast asian region where dengue is firmly endemic. however, a holistic picture of dengue in china and how the public health authorities are responding to this global health challenge has been missing. in a research article published in bmc m ... | 2015 | 25925732 |
| evolution of the rag1-rag2 locus: both proteins came from the same transposon. | the rag1 and rag2 proteins are essential subunits of the v(d)j recombinase that is required for the generation of the enormous variability of antibodies and t-cell receptors in jawed vertebrates. it was demonstrated previously that the 600-aa catalytic core of rag1 evolved from the transposase of the transib superfamily transposons. however, although homologs of rag1 and rag2 genes are adjacent in the purple sea urchin genome, a transposon encoding both proteins so far has not been reported. her ... | 2015 | 25928409 |
| effect of repeat human blood feeding on wolbachia density and dengue virus infection in aedes aegypti. | the introduction of the endosymbiotic bacterium, wolbachia into aedes aegypti populations is a novel approach to reduce disease transmission. the presence of wolbachia limits the ability of the mosquito to transmit dengue virus (denv) and the strength of this effect appears to correlate with wolbachia densities in the mosquito. there is also some evidence that wolbachia densities may increase following the consumption of a bloodmeal. here we have examined whether multiple blood feeds lead to inc ... | 2015 | 25903749 |
| a bayesian hierarchical model for estimation of abundance and spatial density of aedes aegypti. | strategies to minimize dengue transmission commonly rely on vector control, which aims to maintain ae. aegypti density below a theoretical threshold. mosquito abundance is traditionally estimated from mark-release-recapture (mrr) experiments, which lack proper analysis regarding accurate vector spatial distribution and population density. recently proposed strategies to control vector-borne diseases involve replacing the susceptible wild population by genetically modified individuals' refractory ... | 2015 | 25906323 |
| from lab to field: the influence of urban landscapes on the invasive potential of wolbachia in brazilian aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | the symbiotic bacterium wolbachia is currently being trialled as a biocontrol agent in several countries to reduce dengue transmission. wolbachia can invade and spread to infect all individuals within wild mosquito populations, but requires a high rate of maternal transmission, strong cytoplasmic incompatibility and low fitness costs in the host in order to do so. additionally, extensive differences in climate, field-release protocols, urbanization level and human density amongst the sites where ... | 2015 | 25905888 |
| structure of uridine diphosphate n-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase from entamoeba histolytica. | uridine diphosphate n-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (uap) catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of udp-glcnac, which is involved in cell-wall biogenesis in plants and fungi and in protein glycosylation. small-molecule inhibitors have been developed against uap from trypanosoma brucei that target an allosteric pocket to provide selectivity over the human enzyme. a 1.8 å resolution crystal structure was determined of uap from entamoeba histolytica, an anaerobic parasitic protozoan that c ... | 2015 | 25945709 |
| tracing the evolutionary origins of insect renal function. | knowledge on neuropeptide receptor systems is integral to understanding animal physiology. yet, obtaining general insight into neuropeptide signalling in a clade as biodiverse as the insects is problematic. here we apply fluorescent analogues of three key insect neuropeptides to map renal tissue architecture across systematically chosen representatives of the major insect orders, to provide an unprecedented overview of insect renal function and control. in endopterygote insects, such as drosophi ... | 2015 | 25896425 |
| allatotropin modulates myostimulatory and cardioacceleratory activities in rhodnius prolixus (stal). | haematophagous insects can ingest large quantities of blood in a single meal and eliminate high volumes of urine in the next few hours. this rise in diuresis is possible because the excretory activity of the malpighian tubules is facilitated by an increase in haemolymph circulation as a result of intensification of aorta contractions combined with an increase of the anterior midgut peristaltic waves. it has been previously described that haemolymph circulation during post-prandial diuresis is st ... | 2015 | 25897783 |