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habitat and density of oviposition opportunity influences aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) flight distance.understanding the dispersal of aedes (aegypti (l.) diptera: culicidae) after consuming a potentially infectious bloodmeal is an important part of controlling the spread of the arboviruses it transmits. because of the impact on abundance, removal of oviposition sites is a key component of vector control. however, source reduction around a case may encourage dispersal of potentially infected vectors. we compare the effect of oviposition site availability on ae. aegypti dispersal behavior within 30 ...201728419273
detection of a new pyrethroid resistance mutation (v410l) in the sodium channel of aedes aegypti: a potential challenge for mosquito control.the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, particularly in neotropical regions, is the principal vector of dengue, yellow fever, zika and chikungunya viruses. pyrethroids remain one of the most used insecticides to control aedes mosquitoes, despite the development of pyrethroid resistance in many mosquito populations worldwide. here, we report a brazilian strain of a. aegypti with high levels (approximately 100-60,000 fold) of resistance to both type i and type ii pyrethroids. we detected two mut ...201728422157
efficacy of some wearable devices compared with spray-on insect repellents for the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae).the current zika health crisis in the americas has created an intense interest in mosquito control methods and products. mosquito vectors of zika are of the genus aedes, mainly the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. l. the use of repellents to alter mosquito host seeking behavior is an effective method for the prevention of mosquito-borne diseases. a large number of different spray-on repellents and wearable repellent devices are commercially available. the efficacies of many repellents are u ...201728423421
yellow fever from angola and congo: a storm gathers.in common with zika, chikungunya and dengue, yellow fever (yf) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus. it is transmitted between humans and from monkeys by mosquitoes of the aedes aegypti (its principal vector), haemogogus and albopictus varieties. three cycles of transmission may occur: urban; sylvatic; and intermediate. recently, sub-saharan africa has seen the resurgence of this neglected disease. the current yf outbreak in angola began in december 2015 in the capital luanda and by october 2016 the ...201728424031
allatotropin: a pleiotropic neuropeptide that elicits mosquito immune responses.allatotropins (at) are neuropeptides with pleotropic functions on a variety of insect tissues. they affect processes such as juvenile hormone biosynthesis, cardiac rhythm, oviduct and hindgut contractions, nutrient absorption and circadian cycle. the present work provides experimental evidence that at elicits immune responses in two important mosquito disease vectors, anopheles albimanus and aedes aegypti. hemocytes and an immune-competent mosquito cell line responded to at by showing strong mor ...201728426765
competence of aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes as zika virus vectors, china.in china, the prevention and control of zika virus disease has been a public health threat since the first imported case was reported in february 2016. to determine the vector competence of potential vector mosquito species, we experimentally infected aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes and determined infection rates, dissemination rates, and transmission rates. we found the highest vector competence for the imported zika virus in ae. aegypti mosquitoes, some sus ...201728430562
effects of zika virus strain and aedes mosquito species on vector competence.in the western hemisphere, zika virus is thought to be transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. to determine the extent to which ae. albopictus mosquitoes from the united states are capable of transmitting zika virus and the influence of virus dose, virus strain, and mosquito species on vector competence, we evaluated multiple doses of representative zika virus strains in ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes. virus preparation (fresh vs. frozen) significantly affected virus infect ...201728430564
dengue virus replicates and accumulates in aedes aegypti salivary glands.dengue virus (denv) is an rna virus transmitted among humans by mosquito vectors, mainly aedes aegypti. denv transmission requires viral dissemination from the mosquito midgut to the salivary glands. during this process the virus undergoes several population bottlenecks, which are stochastic reductions in population size that restrict intra-host viral genetic diversity and limit the efficiency of natural selection. despite the implications for virus transmission and evolution, denv replication i ...201728431281
identification of the septate junction protein gliotactin in the mosquito aedes aegypti: evidence for a role in increased paracellular permeability in larvae.septate junctions (sjs) regulate paracellular permeability across invertebrate epithelia. however, little is known about the function of sj proteins in aquatic invertebrates. in this study, a role for the transmembrane sj protein gliotactin (gli) in the osmoregulatory strategies of larval mosquito (aedes aegypti) was examined. differences in gli transcript abundance were observed between the midgut, malpighian tubules, hindgut and anal papillae of a. aegypti, which are epithelia that participate ...201728432154
n-aryl-n'-ethyleneaminothioureas effectively inhibit acetylcholinesterase 1 from disease-transmitting mosquitoes.vector control of disease-transmitting mosquitoes by insecticides has a central role in reducing the number of parasitic- and viral infection cases. the currently used insecticides are efficient, but safety concerns and the development of insecticide-resistant mosquito strains warrant the search for alternative compound classes for vector control. here, we have designed and synthesized thiourea-based compounds as non-covalent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase 1 (ache1) from the mosquitoes anoph ...201728433681
allergens involved in the cross-reactivity of aedes aegypti with other arthropods.cross-reactivity between aedes aegypti and mites, cockroaches, and shrimp has been previously suggested, but the involved molecular components have not been fully described.201728434865
vector competence and transovarial transmission of two aedes aegypti strains to zika virus.zika virus (zikv) has become a serious threat to global health since the outbreak in brazil in 2015. additional chinese cases have continuously been reported since the first case of laboratory-confirmed zikv infection in china on 6 february 2016. aedes aegypti is the most important vector for zikv. this study shows that two strains from china exhibit high levels of midgut infection and highly disseminated infection of salivary glands and ovaries. both strains can transmit zikv to infant mice bit ...201728442754
species abundance and temporal variation of arbovirus vectors in brownsville, texas.the recent outbreaks of the dengue fever and west nile viruses and the looming threats of the zika and chikungunya viruses highlight the importance of establishing effective, proactive arboviral surveillance in communities at high risk of transmission, such as those on the texas-mexico border. currently, there are no approved human vaccines available for these mosquito-borne diseases, so entomological control and case management are the only known methods for decreasing disease incidence. the pr ...201728444003
juvenile hormone and its receptor methoprene-tolerant promote ribosomal biogenesis and vitellogenesis in the aedes aegypti mosquito.juvenile hormone (jh) controls many biological activities in insects, including development, metamorphosis, and reproduction. in the aedes aegypti mosquito, a vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika viruses, the metabolic tissue (the fat body, which is an analogue of the vertebrate liver) produces yolk proteins for developing oocytes. jh is important for the fat body to acquire competence for yolk protein production. however, the molecular mechanisms of how jh promotes mosquito rep ...201728446607
detecting the impact of temperature on transmission of zika, dengue, and chikungunya using mechanistic models.recent epidemics of zika, dengue, and chikungunya have heightened the need to understand the seasonal and geographic range of transmission by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes. we use mechanistic transmission models to derive predictions for how the probability and magnitude of transmission for zika, chikungunya, and dengue change with mean temperature, and we show that these predictions are well matched by human case data. across all three viruses, models and human case data both show ...201728448507
modelling dengue fever risk in the state of yucatan, mexico using regional-scale satellite-derived sea surface temperature.accurately predicting vector-borne diseases, such as dengue fever, is essential for communities worldwide. changes in environmental parameters such as precipitation, air temperature, and humidity are known to influence dengue fever dynamics. furthermore, previous studies have shown how oceanographic variables, such as el niño southern oscillation (enso)-related sea surface temperature from the pacific ocean, influences dengue fever in the americas. however, literature is lacking on the use of re ...201728450208
a zika virus from america is more efficiently transmitted than an asian virus by aedes aegypti mosquitoes from asia.zika is a mosquito-borne disease associated with neurological disorders that causes an on-going pandemic. the first outbreak was recorded in micronesia in 2007, then in french polynesia in 2014 from which it spread to south america in 2015 and ignited a widespread epidemic. interestingly, zika outbreaks in asia remained of moderate intensity although the virus is circulating. to understand these epidemiological variations, we investigated the entomological determinants of zikv transmission in as ...201728450714
[aedes aegypti larval infestation index and identification of awareness, attitudes and practices related to dengue in tire shops in atlántico, colombia].objective to identify the awareness, attitudes and practices related to dengue in owners and workers of tire ships, as well as the levels of mosquito infestation in tire shops in atlántico department - colombia. methods we conducted a descriptive study. the variables were described as percentages and measures of central tendency and dispersion. index of larval infestation and containers were calculated in each of the municipalities studied. we visited and inspected 111 tire shops. 26.1 % (29/111 ...201528453051
toxicological effects of sphaeranthus indicus linn. (asteraceae) leaf essential oil against human disease vectors, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti linn., and impacts on a beneficial mosquito predator.use of environmentally friendly, decomposable natural products for effective vector control has gained considerable momentum in modern society. in this study, essential oil of sphaeranthus indicus (si-eo) was extracted and further phytochemical screening revealed fourteen compounds with prominent peak area percentage of 24.9 and 22.54% in 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and benzene,2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,4-dimethoxy, respectively. the si-eo was further evaluated for their larvicidal res ...028455566
clinical features and neurologic complications of children hospitalized with chikungunya virus in honduras.the first case of chikungunya virus in honduras was identified in 2014. the virus has spread widely across honduras via the aedes aegypti mosquito, leading to an outbreak of chikungunya virus (chikv) in 2015 that significantly impacted children. a retrospective chart review of 235 children diagnosed with chikv and admitted to the national autonomous university of honduras hospital escuela (hospital escuela) in tegucigalpa, honduras, was accomplished with patients who were assessed for clinical f ...201728459170
photo-induced and phytomediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles using derris trifoliata leaf extract and its larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti.due to the increased development of resistance of vectors against synthetic insecticides and chemical drugs, plant based insecticides serve as promising biocontrol agents for effective vector control. green approach for the synthesis of nanoparticles has been attained using environmentally safe, non-toxic plant extracts. the present study was aimed to investigate the potent larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles (agnps) produced by derris trifoliata leaf extract in relation to the various c ...201728460330
comparison of two detailed models of aedes aegypti population dynamics.the success of control programs for mosquito borne diseases can be enhanced by crucial information provided by models of the mosquito populations. models, however, can differ in their structure, complexity and biological assumptions, and these differences impact their predictions. unfortunately, it is typically difficult to determine why two complex models make different predictions because we lack structured side-by-side comparisons of models using comparable parameterization. here we present a ...201628462011
larvicidal activity of lignans and alkaloid identified in zanthoxylum piperitum bark toward insecticide-susceptible and wild culex pipiens pallens and aedes aegypti.the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, and the common house mosquito, culex pipiens pallens, transmit dengue fever and west nile virus diseases, respectively. this study was conducted to determine the toxicity of the three lignans (-)-asarinin, sesamin and (+)-xanthoxylol-γ,γ-dimethylallylether (xda), and the alkaloid pellitorine from zanthoxylum piperitum (rutaceae) bark to third-instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible c. pipiens pallens and ae. aegypti as well as wild c. pipiens pallens ...201728472971
eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its larvicidal property against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti.in this study, larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesised using apple extract against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti was determined. as a result, the agnps showed moderate larvicidal effects against ae. aegypti larvae (lc50 = 15.76 ppm and lc90 = 27.7 ppm). in addition, comparison of larvicidal activity performance of agnps at high concentration prepared using two different methods showed that ae. aegypti larvae was fully eliminated within the duration of 2.5 h. from ...201728476997
what does heat tell a mosquito? characterization of the orientation behaviour of aedes aegypti towards heat sources.the use of heat as a cue for the orientation of haematophagous insects towards hot-blooded hosts has been acknowledged for many decades. in mosquitoes, thermoreception has been studied at the molecular, physiological and behavioural levels, and the response to heat has been evaluated in multimodal contexts. however, a direct characterization of how these insects evaluate thermal sources is still lacking. in this study we characterize aedes aegypti thermal orientation using a simple dual choice p ...201728479122
transposition of mutator-like transposable elements (mules) resembles hat and transib elements and v(d)j recombination.mutator-like transposable elements (mules) are widespread across fungal, plant and animal species. despite their abundance and importance as genetic tools in plants, the transposition mechanism of the mule superfamily was previously unknown. discovery of the muta1 element from aedes aegypti and its successful transposition in yeast facilitated the characterization of key steps in muta1 transposition. here we show that purified transposase binds specifically to the muta1 ends and catalyzes excisi ...201728482040
synergistic efficacy of aedes aegypti antimicrobial peptide cecropin a2 and tetracycline against pseudomonas aeruginosa.the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has created an urgent need for alternative drugs with new mechanisms of action. antimicrobial peptides (amps) are promising candidates that could address the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. we studied the antimicrobial efficacy and bactericidal mechanism of cecropin a2, a 36-residue α-helical cationic peptide derived from aedes aegypti cecropin a, focusing on the common pathog ...201728483966
assessing the effect of selection with deltamethrin on biological parameters and detoxifying enzymes in aedes aegypti (l.).resistance to insecticides through one or several mechanisms has a cost for an insect in various parameters of its biological cycle. the present study evaluated the effect of deltamethrin on detoxifying enzymes and biological parameters in a population of aedes aegypti selected for 15 generations. the enzyme activities of alpha- and beta-esterases, mixed-function oxidases and glutathione-s-transferases were determined during selection, along with biological parameters.201728485040
efficacy of the vegetative cells of lysinibacillus sphaericus for biological control of insecticide-resistant aedes aegypti.the control of aedes aegypti is usually based on chemical insecticides, but the overuse of these compounds has led to increased resistance. the binary toxin produced by lysinibacillus sphaericus in the final stages of sporulation is used for mosquito control due to its specificity against the culicid larvae; however, it has been proved that ae. aegypti is refractory for this toxin. currently, there is no evidence of the use of l. sphaericus vegetative cells for mosquito biocontrol. therefore, in ...201728490350
aedes aegypti piwi4 is a noncanonical piwi protein involved in antiviral responses.the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway is a major antiviral response in mosquitoes; however, another rna interference pathway, the piwi-interacting rna (pirna) pathway, has been suggested to be antiviral in mosquitoes. piwi4 has been reported to be a key mediator of this response in mosquitoes, but it is not involved in the production of virus-specific pirnas. here, we show that piwi4 associates with members of the antiviral exogenous sirna pathway (ago2 and dcr2), as well as with proteins of ...201728497119
development of nanoemulsion from vitex negundo l. essential oil and their efficacy of antioxidant, antimicrobial and larvicidal activities (aedes aegypti l.).it is believed that nanoemulsions were emerged as a promising candidate to improve the qualities of natural essential oil towards antimicrobial and insecticidal applications. in the present study, we have focused on the encapsulation of vitex negundo l. leaf essential oil using polysorbate80 for its different biological activities including antioxidant, bactericidal and larvicidal activity against dengue fever vector aedes aegypti l. initially, the nanoemulsion was prepared by low energy method ...201728497330
zingiber cernuum (zingiberaceae) essential oil as effective larvicide and oviposition deterrent on six mosquito vectors, with little non-target toxicity on four aquatic mosquito predators.mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of many pathogens and parasites, which cause serious diseases in humans and animals. currently, botanical products have been suggested as alternative tools in the fight against arthropod vectors. in this study, the essential oil (eo) extracted from zingiber cernuum was tested as larvicide and oviposition deterrent on six mosquito species of public health relevance, including malaria and zika virus vectors. the eo showed high toxicity on third insta ...201728497331
larval interference competition between the native neotropical mosquito limatus durhamii and the invasive aedes aegypti improves the fitness of both species.interspecific competition with native species during biological invasions can sometimes limit alien expansion. we aimed to determine the potential ecological effects of limatus durhamii theobald 1901, a native neotropical mosquito (diptera: culicidae) species, on the invasive species aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linnaeus 1762) that breeds in the same artificial water containers. development time and adult dry mass were measured in 3 rearing conditions: control (a single larva), intraspecific compe ...201728497885
potential of a northern population of aedes vexans (diptera: culicidae) to transmit zika virus.zika virus is an emerging arbovirus of humans in the western hemisphere. with its potential spread into new geographical areas, it is important to define the vector competence of native mosquito species. we tested the vector competency of aedes vexans (meigen) from the lake agassiz plain of northwestern minnesota and northeastern north dakota. aedes aegypti (l.) was used as a positive control for comparison. mosquitoes were fed blood containing zika virus and 2 wk later were tested for viral inf ...201728499036
interaction of flavivirus with their mosquito vectors and their impact on the human health in the americas.some of the major arboviruses with public health importance, such as dengue, yellow fever, zika and west nile virus are mosquito-borne or mosquito-transmitted flavivirus. their principal vectors are from the family culicidae, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus being responsible of the urban cycles of dengue, zika and yellow fever virus. these vectors are highly competent for transmission of many arboviruses. the genetic variability of the vectors, the environment and the viral diversity modulate ...201728499872
metazoan ribosome inactivating protein encoding genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer.ribosome inactivating proteins (rips) are rna n-glycosidases that depurinate a specific adenine residue in the conserved sarcin/ricin loop of 28s rrna. these enzymes are widely distributed among plants and their presence has also been confirmed in several bacterial species. recently, we reported for the first time in silico evidence of rip encoding genes in metazoans, in two closely related species of insects: aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. here, we have experimentally confirmed the p ...201728500327
fta cards facilitate storage, shipment, and detection of arboviruses in infected aedes aegypti collected in adult mosquito traps.abstractthe utility of applying infected aedes aegypti to flinders technology associates (fta(®)) cards for storage, transport, and detection of dengue, zika, and barmah forest viruses was assessed in laboratory-based experiments. the mosquitoes had been removed from gravid aedes traps maintained under conditions of high temperature and humidity. rna of all viruses could be detected in infected mosquitoes on fta cards either individually or in pools with uninfected mosquitoes, and stored for up ...201728500814
transmission incompetence of culex quinquefasciatus and culex pipiens pipiens from north america for zika virus.abstractin late 2014, zika virus (zikv; flaviviridae, flavivirus) emerged as a significant arboviral disease threat in the western hemisphere. aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus have been considered the principal vectors of zikv in the new world due to viral isolation frequency and vector competence assessments. limited reports of culex transmission potential have highlighted the need for additional vector competence assessments of north american culex species. accordingly, north american culex ...201728500817
isolation of an insulin-like peptide from the asian malaria mosquito, anopheles stephensi, that acts as a steroidogenic gonadotropin across diverse mosquito taxa.many insulin-like peptides (ilps) have been identified in insects, yet only a few were isolated in their native form for structural and functional studies. antiserum produced to ilp3 in aedes aegypti was used in a radioimmunoassay to monitor the purification of an ilp from heads of adult an. stephensi and recognized the ilp in other immunoassays. the structure of the purified peptide matched that predicted for the ilp3 in this species. the native form stimulated ecdysteroid production by ovaries ...201728502740
influence of shading and pedestrian traffic on the preference of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (diptera: culicidae) for oviposition microenvironments.aedes aegypti mosquitoes are highly adaptable to abiotic stimuli. to evaluate the influence of shading and pedestrian traffic on the preference of ae. aegypti for oviposition microenvironments, 20 sites were sampled weekly using ovitraps within the perimeter of universidade federal do espírito santo, located in são mateus, espírito santo, brazil. a spatial and statistical analysis was performed in order to assess the relationship between shading time, pedestrian traffic, and the presence of biol ...201728504433
aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes in trinidad, west indies: longevity case studies.few laboratory and field studies have reported long survival periods for ae. aegypti females and even fewer have designed experiments to characterize this important life history trait. this study was conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the number of blood meals taken by individual females, the number of eggs laid per individual female, the length of the gonotrophic cycle, and the duration of female survival. the results showed individual females oviposited between 670 and 1,500 eg ...201728504438
the midgut transcriptome of aedes aegypti fed with saline or protein meals containing chikungunya virus reveals genes potentially involved in viral midgut escape.the mosquito aedes aegypti is the primary vector for medically important arthropod-borne viruses, including chikungunya virus (chikv). following oral acquisition, an arbovirus has to persistently infect several organs in the mosquito before becoming transmissible to another vertebrate host. a major obstacle an arbovirus has to overcome during its infection cycle inside the mosquito is the midgut escape barrier, representing the exit mechanism arboviruses utilize when disseminating from the midgu ...201728506207
reemergence of yellow fever in ethiopia after 50 years, 2013: epidemiological and entomological investigations.yellow fever (yf) is a viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by aedes mosquito species. approximately, 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths occur worldwide every year. in ethiopia, the last outbreak was reported in 1966 with 2200 cases and 450 deaths. a number of cases with deaths from unknown febrile illness reported from south ari district starting from november 2012. this investigation was conducted to identify the causative agent, source of the outbreak and recommend appropriate interventions.201728506254
life-shortening wolbachia infection reduces population growth of aedes aegypti.wolbachia bacteria are being introduced into natural populations of vector mosquitoes, with the goal of reducing the transmission of human diseases such as zika and dengue fever. the successful establishment of wolbachia infection is largely dependent on the effects of wolbachia infection to host fitness, but the effects of wolbachia infection on the individual life-history traits of immature mosquitoes can vary. here, the effects of life-shortening wolbachia (wmelpop) on population growth of in ...201728506794
[arboviruses also have an american dream].some arboviruses that originated in the old world have been introduced by humans into the american continent. the first of them was the yellow fever virus, coming from the west african coast with slaves in the 17th-19th centuries, followed by dengue viruses, which were always prevalent within the americas. next was thewest nile virus, introduced in new york in 1999, that spread in only a few years over the whole continent. then, chikungunya virus arrived on saint martin island in 2013 after its ...201728509947
laboratory and semi-field evaluations of two (transfluthrin) spatial repellent devices against aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae).two transfluthrin-based spatial repellent products (raid dual action insect repellent and home freshener and raid shield (currently not commercially available), sc johnson, racine wi) were evaluated for spatial repellent effects against female aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes under laboratory (wind tunnel) and semi-field (outdoor enclosure) conditions. the placement of either product in the wind tunnel significantly reduced host-seeking behaviors. the mean baseline (control) landing counts for the ...201728511270
a location-specific spreadsheet for estimating zika risk and timing for zika vector surveillance, using us military facilities as an example.local zika virus transmission in the united states involving one or both of the known vector species, aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus, is of major concern. to assist efforts to anticipate the risks of transmission, we developed an excel spreadsheet tool that uses vector and virus temperature thresholds, remotely sensed maximum temperature, and habitat suitability models to answer the questions: "is zika transmission likely here?" and "when should we conduct vector surveillance?" an example spre ...201728511272
evolutionary enhancement of zika virus infectivity in aedes aegypti mosquitoes.zika virus (zikv) remained obscure until the recent explosive outbreaks in french polynesia (2013-2014) and south america (2015-2016). phylogenetic studies have shown that zikv has evolved into african and asian lineages. the asian lineage of zikv was responsible for the recent epidemics in the americas. however, the underlying mechanisms through which zikv rapidly and explosively spread from asia to the americas are unclear. non-structural protein 1 (ns1) facilitates flavivirus acquisition by m ...201728514450
heat in the southeastern united states: characteristics, trends, and potential health impact.high summer temperatures in extratropical areas have an impact on the public's health, mainly through heat stress, high air pollution concentrations, and the transmission of tropical diseases. the purpose of this study is to examine the current characteristics of heat events and future projections of summer apparent temperature (at)-and associated health concerns-throughout the southeastern united states. synoptic climatology was used to assess the atmospheric characteristics of extreme heat day ...201728520817
quantitative structure-activity relationship study of amide mosquito repellents.a quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) study on 43 amide repellents was carried out by the heuristic method in order to reveal the correlations between molecular parameters of these amides and their repellency against aedes aegypti. sketches and optimizations of molecular structures were achieved by the gaussian software package. generation and screening of molecular parameters were accomplished using codessa 2.7.10 software. the leave-one-out method was applied for the model vali ...201728521600
eco-friendly and cost-effective ag nanocrystals fabricated using the leaf extract of habenaria plantaginea: toxicity on six mosquito vectors and four non-target species.recently, the biofabrication of metal nanoparticles has gained wide interest owing to its inherent features such as swift, simplicity, eco-friendliness, and cheaper costs. different green-reducing agents led to the production of nanoparticles with varying toxicity on insects. in the current study, silver nanoparticles (agnps) were successfully synthesized using habenaria plantaginea leaf extract. ag nanoparticles were studied by uv-vis spectroscopy (uv-vis), x-ray diffraction (xrd), fourier tran ...201728523613
impact of simultaneous exposure to arboviruses on infection and transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes.the recent emergence of both chikungunya and zika viruses in the americas has significantly expanded their distribution and has thus increased the possibility that individuals may become infected by more than one aedes aegypti-borne virus at a time. recent clinical data support an increase in the frequency of coinfection in human patients, raising the likelihood that mosquitoes could be exposed to multiple arboviruses during one feeding episode. the impact of coinfection on the ability of releva ...201728524874
zika virus: obstetric and pediatric anesthesia considerations.as of november 2016, the florida department of health (fdh) and the centers for disease control and prevention have confirmed more than 4000 travel-related zika virus (zikv) infections in the united states with >700 of those in florida. there have been 139 cases of locally acquired infection, all occurring in miami, florida. within the us territories (eg, puerto rico, us virgin islands), >30,000 cases of zikv infection have been reported. the projected number of individuals at risk for zikv infe ...201728525510
transovarial transmission of denv in aedes aegypti in the amazon basin: a local model of xenomonitoring.transovarial transmission of dengue virus in aedes spp. mosquitoes is considered an important mechanism for the maintenance of the virus in nature and may be implicated in the occurrence of outbreaks and epidemics of the disease. however, there are few studies involving transovarial transmission and viral vector monitoring as a surveillance tool and control strategy. the present study evaluated transovarial transmission of dengue virus in aedes aegypti populations as a xenomonitoring strategy in ...201728526066
 introducción. el virus del zika (zikv) es un flavivirus con envoltura, transmitido a los seres humanos principalmente por el vector aedes aegypti. la infección por zikv se ha asociado con un gran neurotropismo y con efectos neuropáticos, como el síndrome de guillain-barré en el adulto y la microcefalia fetal y posnatal, así como con un síndrome de infección congénita similar al producido por el virus de la rubéola (rv).objetivo. comparar las estructuras moleculares de la proteína de envoltura e ...201728527274
outbreak of zika virus infection in singapore: an epidemiological, entomological, virological, and clinical analysis.an outbreak of zika virus infection was detected in singapore in august, 2016. we report the first comprehensive analysis of a national response to an outbreak of zika virus infection in asia.201728527892
de novo generation and characterization of new zika virus isolate using sequence data from a microcephaly case.zika virus (zikv) has recently emerged and is the etiological agent of congenital zika syndrome (czs), a spectrum of congenital abnormalities arising from neural tissue infections in utero. herein, we describe the de novo generation of a new zikv isolate, zikvnatal, using a modified circular polymerase extension reaction protocol and sequence data obtained from a zikv-infected fetus with microcephaly. zikvnatal thus has no laboratory passage history and is unequivocally associated with czs. zikv ...201728529976
rna-seq comparison of larval and adult malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti reveals life stage-specific changes in renal function.introduction: the life history of aedes aegypti presents diverse challenges to its diuretic system. during the larval and pupal life stages mosquitoes are aquatic. with the emergence of the adult they become terrestrial. this shifts the organism within minutes from an aquatic environment to a terrestrial environment where dehydration has to be avoided. in addition, female mosquitoes take large blood meals, which present an entirely new set of challenges to salt and water homeostasis. methods: to ...201728536536
enhanced larvicidal, antibacterial, and photocatalytic efficacy of tio2 nanohybrids green synthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of parthenium hysterophorus.titanium dioxide nanoparticles are emerging as a biocompatible nanomaterial with multipurpose bioactivities. in this study, titanium dioxide (tio2) nanoparticles were effectively synthesized using the aqueous leaf extracts of parthenium hysterophorus prepared by microwave irradiation. tio2 nanoparticles were fabricated by treating the p. hysterophorus leaf extracts with the tio4 solution. biologically active compounds such as alcohols, phenols, alkanes, and fluoroalkanes were involved in bioredu ...201728537028
genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions of zika virus into the united states.zika virus (zikv) is causing an unprecedented epidemic linked to severe congenital abnormalities. in july 2016, mosquito-borne zikv transmission was reported in the continental united states; since then, hundreds of locally acquired infections have been reported in florida. to gain insights into the timing, source, and likely route(s) of zikv introduction, we tracked the virus from its first detection in florida by sequencing zikv genomes from infected patients and aedes aegypti mosquitoes. we s ...201728538723
uncovering the repertoire of endogenous flaviviral elements in aedes mosquito genomes.endogenous viral elements derived from nonretroviral rna viruses have been described in various animal genomes. whether they have a biological function, such as host immune protection against related viruses, is a field of intense study. here, we investigated the repertoire of endogenous flaviviral elements (efves) in aedes mosquitoes, the vectors of arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya viruses. previous studies identified three efves from aedes albopictus cell lines and one from aedes aeg ...201728539440
a new in vitro bioassay system for the discovery and quantitative evaluation of mosquito repellents.mosquitoes vector many pathogens that cause human diseases. repellents play a significant role in reducing the risk of these diseases by preventing mosquito bites. in this paper, we are reporting an ali and khan (a & k), large cage in vitro bioassay system that can effectively be used to measure repellency of compounds against mosquitoes. the system uses temperature as a landing and feeding stimulus, and collagen as a feeding substrate. the minimum effective dose (med) of deet (n, n-diethyl-meta ...201728541424
wmel limits zika and chikungunya virus infection in a singapore wolbachia-introgressed ae. aegypti strain, wmel-sg.zika (zikv) and chikungunya (chikv) viruses are emerging aedes-borne viruses that are spreading outside their known geographic range and causing wide-scale epidemics. it has been reported that these viruses can be transmitted efficiently by ae. aegypti. recent studies have shown that ae. aegypti when transinfected with certain wolbachia strains shows a reduced replication and dissemination of dengue (denv), chikungunya (chikv), and yellow fever (yfv) viruses. the aim of this study was to determi ...201728542240
elevation as a proxy for mosquito-borne zika virus transmission in the americas.when zika virus (zikv) first began its spread from brazil to other parts of the americas, national-level travel notices were issued, carrying with them significant economic consequences to affected countries. although regions of some affected countries were likely unsuitable for mosquito-borne transmission of zikv, the absence of high quality, timely surveillance data made it difficult to confidently demarcate infection risk at a sub-national level. in the absence of reliable data on zikv activi ...201728542540
evolutionary strategies in life table characteristics among feral and urban strains of aedes aegypti (l.). 197228555736
barriers to hybridization between aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). 196728556103
activation of aedes aegypti prophenoloxidase-3 and its role in the immune response against entomopathogenic fungi.serine protease cascade-mediated melanization is an important innate immune response in insects and crustaceans, which involves the proteolytic activation of prophenoloxidase (ppo). in this study, we investigated the role of aedes aegypti ppo3 in antifungal immune defence. we expressed and purified recombinant ppo3 (rppo3) in escherichia coli and demonstrated that rppo3 was activated by ethanol and, to a lesser extent, by cetylpyridinium chloride. in the presence of cu(2+) , rppo3 exhibited enzy ...201728556276
local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing wolbachia through an urban population of aedes aegypti.dengue-suppressing wolbachia strains are promising tools for arbovirus control, particularly as they have the potential to self-spread following local introductions. to test this, we followed the frequency of the transinfected wolbachia strain wmel through ae. aegypti in cairns, australia, following releases at 3 nonisolated locations within the city in early 2013. spatial spread was analysed graphically using interpolation and by fitting a statistical model describing the position and width of ...201728557993
metofluthrin: investigations into the use of a volatile spatial pyrethroid in a global spread of dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses.metofluthrin reduces biting activity in aedes aegypti through the confusion, knockdown, and subsequent kill of a mosquito. a geographical spread in dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses, increases intervention demands. response to a zika outbreak may require a different strategy than dengue, as high-risk individuals, specifically pregnant women, need to be targeted.201728558804
molecular studies with aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linnaeus, 1762), mosquito transmitting the dengue virus.dengue is an infectious viral disease, which can present a wide clinical picture, ranging from oligo or asymptomatic forms, to bleeding and shock, and can progress to death. the disease problem has increased in recent years, especially in urban and suburban areas of tropical and subtropical regions. there are five dengue viruses, called serotypes (den-1, den-2, den-3, den-4, and den-5), which belong to the flaviviridae family and are transmitted to humans through infected mosquito bites, with th ...201728560571
ascogregarina taiwanensis infection in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in santa catarina, south brazil.this study registers ascogregarina spp. infection in field populations of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in a subtropical region of brazil.201728562761
a potent larvicidal agent against aedes aegypti mosquito from cardanol.cardanol is a constituent of cashew nut shell liquid that presents larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti. the isolation of cardanol is somewhat troublesome, however, in this work we describe an efficient and inexpensive method to obtain it as a pure material. the compound was used as starting material to make chemical transformation leading to saturated cardanol, epoxides and, halohydrins. these derivatives were tested for toxicity against aedes aegypti larvae. the results showed that iodohy ...201728562821
reproductive isolation in stegomyia mosquitoes. ii. hybrid breakdown between aedes aegypti and a. mascarensis. 197028564933
costs and benefits of mosquito refractoriness to malaria parasites: implications for genetic variability of mosquitoes and genetic control of malaria.the problem of fitness costs associated with host resistance to parasitism is related to the evolution of parasite virulence, population genetic diversity and the dynamics of host-parasite relationships, and proposed strategies for disease control through the genetic manipulation of mosquito vectors. two aedes aegypti populations, refractory and susceptible to plasmodium gallinaceum, were previously selected from the moyo-in-dry strain (moyo) through inbreeding (f = 0.5). reproductive success an ...199728565348
emerging infectious disease agents and blood safety in australia: spotlight on zika virus.emerging infectious diseases (eids) are infectious diseases whose incidence has increased in humans in the past 20 years or could increase in the near future. eid agents may represent a threat to blood safety if they infect humans, cause a clinically significant illness, include an asymptomatic blood phase in the course of infection, and are transmissible by transfusion. eid agents are typically not well characterised, but there is a consensus that we can expect ongoing outbreaks. strategies to ...201728566073
genetic distinctness of sympatric forms of aedes aegypti in east africa. 197928568173
effects of sublethal exposure to metofluthrin on the fitness of aedes aegypti in a domestic setting in cairns, queensland.metofluthrin is highly effective at reducing biting activity in aedes aegypti. its efficacy lies in the rapid onset of confusion, knockdown, and subsequent kill of a mosquito. in the field, there are a variety of scenarios that might result in sublethal exposure to metofluthrin, including mosquitoes that are active at the margins of the chemical's lethal range, brief exposure as mosquitoes fly in and out of treated spaces or decreasing efficacy of the emanators with time. sublethal effects are k ...201728569175
the spread of wolbachia through mosquito populations.in many regions of the world, mosquito-borne viruses pose a growing threat to human health. as an alternative to traditional control measures, the bacterial symbiont wolbachia has been transferred from drosophila into the mosquito aedes aegypti, where it can block the transmission of dengue and zika viruses. a recent paper has reported large-scale releases of wolbachia-infected ae. aegypti in the city of cairns, australia. wolbachia, which is maternally transmitted, invaded and spread through th ...201728570608
mosquito co-infection with zika and chikungunya virus allows simultaneous transmission without affecting vector competence of aedes aegypti.zika virus (zikv) and chikungunya virus (chikv) are highly pathogenic arthropod-borne viruses that are currently a serious health burden in the americas, and elsewhere in the world. zikv and chikv co-circulate in the same geographical regions and are mainly transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. there is a growing number of case reports of zikv and chikv co-infections in humans, but it is uncertain whether co-infection occurs via single or multiple mosquito bites. here we investigate the poten ...201728570693
detection and perception of generic host volatiles by mosquitoes: responses to co2 constrains host-seeking behaviour.natural selection has favoured specialization in anthropophilic mosquito host choice, yet in the absence of human hosts, females feed on a selected range of vertebrates. for host recognition, we hypothesize that mosquitoes primarily rely on generic host volatiles. detection and perception of such compounds would provide the mosquito with a flexible, yet constrained, odour coding system that could delineate host preference. in this study, we show that the quintessential generic volatile for host- ...201728573028
immunoglobulin-responsive chikungunya encephalitis: two case reports.chikungunya virus is an alphavirus transmitted by the mosquito aedes, mainly aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, that can cause acute illness, mostly self-limited, characterized by fever, maculopapular rash, and disabling polyarthritis/arthralgia, with an incubation period of 1 to 12 days. chikungunya was largely regarded as a non-fatal and self-limited disease, but recently, serious cases have been reported including some with severe involvement of the nervous system, such as meningoencephaliti ...201728577289
viruses vector control proposal: genus aedes emphasis.the dengue fever is a major public health problem in the world. in brazil, in 2015, there were 1,534,932 cases, being 20,320 cases of severe form, and 811 deaths related to this disease. the distribution of aedes aegypti, the vector, is extensive. recently, zika and chikungunya viruses had arisen, sharing the same vector as dengue and became a huge public health issue. without specific treatment, it is urgently required as an effective vector control. this article is focused on reviewing vector ...201728577370
corrigendum to "functional and immunohistochemical characterization of cceae3a, a carboxylesterase associated with temephos resistance in the major arbovirus vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus" [insect biochem. mol. biol. 74 (july 2016) 61-67]. 201728578775
vector competence of aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes aegypti (linnaeus) for plasmodium gallinaceum infection and transmission.avian malaria caused by plasmodium gallinaceum is an important mosquito-borne disease. eradication of this disease remains problematic since its competent vectors are diverse and widely distributed across the globe. several mosquito species were implicated as competent vectors for this parasite. however, studies on vector competence for p. gallinaceum remain limited. in this study, vector competence in the two most predominant mosquito vectors in tropical countries, aedes albopictus and ae. aegy ...201728579025
development of an eco-friendly mosquitocidal agent from alangium salvifolium against the dengue vector aedes aegypti and its biosafety on the aquatic predator.plant extracts with their enriched chemical constituents have established potential alternative mosquito control agents. in this research, we developed an eco-friendly mosquitocidal agent from alangium salvifolium leaves against the dengue and zika virus vector aedes aegypti and we investigated its biosafety on the mosquito aquatic predator toxorhynchites splendens. results showed that the methanolic extract of a. salvifolium leaves was composed by eight main compounds, with major peak area for ...201728580548
effects of low-powered rf sweep between 0.01-20 ghz on female aedes aegypti mosquitoes: a collective behaviour analysis.there are many products claiming to be an electronic solution towards repelling mosquitoes. several reviews were published in debunking these claims. however, there is a lack of a systematic study on effects of electromagnetic (em) or more specifically, radio frequency (rf) waves against mosquitoes due to the conclusions made in those years. therefore, we attempt to establish a fundamental study on female aedes aegypti (linnaeus) mosquitoes by quantifying the collective behavior of the mosquitoe ...201728582398
knockdown resistance (kdr) of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of aedes aegypti population in denpasar, bali, indonesia.aedes aegypti is the main vector of several arthropod-borne viral infections in the tropics profoundly affecting humans, such as dengue fever (df), west nile (wn), chikungunya and more recently zika. eradication of aedes still largely depends on insecticides, which is the most cost-effective strategy, and often inefficient due to resistance development in exposed aedes populations. we here conducted a study of ae. aegypti resistance towards several insecticides regularly used in the city of denp ...201728583207
functional characterization of aedes aegypti alkaline phosphatase alp1 involved in the toxicity of cry toxins from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and jegathesan.presently three major groups of proteins from aedes aegypti, cadherin, alkaline phosphatases (alp) and aminopeptidases n (apn), have been identified as cry11aa toxin receptors. to further characterize their role on toxicity, transgenic mosquitoes with silenced aedes cadherin expression were previously generated and the role of cadherin in mediating the toxicity of four different mosquitocidal toxins (cry11aa, cry11ba, cry4aa and cry4ba) was demonstrated. here, we investigated the role of another ...201728587836
diagnostic doses of insecticides for adult aedes aegypti to assess insecticide resistance in cuba.the objective of this study was to determine diagnostic doses (dds) of 5 insecticides for the rockefeller susceptible strain of aedes aegypti , using the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) bottle bioassay as a tool for monitoring insecticide resistance in the cuban vector control program. the 30-min dd values determined in this study were 13.5 μg/ml, 6.5 μg/ml, 6 μg/ml, 90.0 μg/ml, and 15.0 μg/ml for cypermethrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, and propoxur, respec ...201728590216
field evaluation of indoor thermal fog and ultra-low volume applications for control of aedes aegypti in thailand.efficacies of a handheld thermal fogger (patriot™) and a backpack ultra-low volume (ulv) sprayer (twister™) with combinations of 2 different adulticides (pyrethrin, deltamethrin) and an insect growth regulator (pyriproxyfen) were field-tested and compared for their impact on reducing indoor aedes aegypti populations in thailand. the effectiveness of the indoor space sprays was evaluated by sampling the natural ae. aegypti population in houses and determining their physiological status, by monito ...201728590217
comparison of mosquito abundance from biogents sentinel 2.0 traps with and without rain covers.biogents sentinel (bgs) traps have rapidly become a standard for adult aedes aegypti surveillance. several investigators have found that trap collections can be damaged easily by heavy dew or rain entering the trap intake port. in addition, water entering the trap may temporarily stop the fan, thus reducing the collection potential of the trap. we evaluated the effectiveness of a rain cover designed to minimize damage to mosquito trap collections from bgs 2.0 traps in a residential backyard in j ...201728590218
comparative efficiency of biogents gravid aedes trap, cdc autocidal gravid ovitrap, and cdc gravid trap in northeastern florida.we conducted a study to compare the effectiveness of the biogents gravid aedes trap (bg-gat) and centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) autocidal gravid ovitrap (ago) with that of the cdc gravid trap (cdc-gt) (as a standard) for their proficiency to collect mosquitoes in an urban residential neighborhood in northeastern florida. aedes aegypti , ae. albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus were collected from each trap, with the latter species being predominant. significantly more cx. qui ...201728590226
habitat productivity and pyrethroid susceptibility status of aedes aegypti mosquitoes in dar es salaam, tanzania.aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) is the main vector of the dengue virus globally. dengue vector control is mainly based on reducing the vector population through interventions, which target potential breeding sites. however, in tanzania, little is known about this vector's habitat productivity and insecticide susceptibility status to support evidence-based implementation of control measures. the present study aimed at assessing the productivity and susceptibility status of a. aegypti mosquitoe ...201728595653
molecular characterization of indigenous bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from kashmir valley.bacillus thuringiensis (bt) being an eco-friendly bioinsecticide is effectively used in pest management strategies and, therefore, isolation and identification of new strains effective against a broad range of target pests is important. in the present study, new indigenous b. thuringiensis strains were isolated and investigated so that these could be used as an alternative and/or support the current commercial strains/cry proteins in use. for this, 159 samples including soil, leaf and spider web ...201728597156
zika vector transmission risk in temperate australia: a vector competence study.zika virus is an emerging pathogen of global importance. it has been responsible for recent outbreaks in the americas and in the pacific region. this study assessed five different mosquito species from the temperate climatic zone in australia and included aedes albopictus as a potentially invasive species.201728599659
[new strategies for the eradication of aedes aegypti: what challenges do we face in latin america?]not available.201728603242
qsar models for predicting the toxicity of piperidine derivatives against aedes aegypti.qsar models are proposed for predicting the toxicity of 33 piperidine derivatives against aedes aegypti. from 2d topological descriptors, calculated with the padel software, ordinary least squares multilinear regression (ols-mlr) treatment from the qsarins software and machine learning and related approaches including linear and radial support vector machine (svm), projection pursuit regression (ppr), radial basis function neural network (rbfnn), general regression neural network (grnn) and k-ne ...201728604113
deltamethrin resistance in aedes aegypti results in treatment failure in merida, mexico.the operational impact of deltamethrin resistance on the efficacy of indoor insecticide applications to control aedes aegypti was evaluated in merida, mexico. a randomized controlled trial quantified the efficacy of indoor residual spraying (irs) against adult ae. aegypti in houses treated with either deltamethrin (to which local ae. aegypti expressed a high degree of resistance) or bendiocarb (to which local ae. aegypti were fully susceptible) as compared to untreated control houses. all adult ...201728604781
co-circulation of dengue virus serotypes with chikungunya virus in madhya pradesh, central india.dengue and chikungunya present with very similar signs and symptoms in the initial stage of illness and so it is difficult to distinguish them clinically. both are transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. this study was conducted with the aim to explore the co-circulation of dengue and chikungunya viruses in central india.201728607252
dengue vectors in urban and suburban assam, india: entomological observations.dengue is rapidly becoming established in north-east india and spreading, on account of rapid urbanization and population movement, with reported morbidity and attributable death cases. this study aims to determine the seasonal abundance of aedes (stegomyia) albopictus and aedes (stegomyia) aegypti in guwahati metropolis and suburban settlements; to characterize the breeding resources for these mosquitoes; and to ascertain the status of their susceptibility to adulticides and larvicides.201728607255
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